Cariño v. CHR, 204 SCRA 483 (1991) FACTS: FACTS: On Septe!er 1", 1990, a #on$a% an$ a &'a $a%, oe 800 p!'i& &*oo' tea&*er, aon+ t*e t*e 8 *erein private repon$ent *o ere e!er o- t*e #ani'a !'i& S&*oo' S &*oo' Tea&*er Ao&iation Ao&iation (#STA) (#STA) an$ A''ian&e o- Con&erne$ Tea&*er (ACT) n$ertoo/ a &on&erte$ a&tion to $raatie an$ *i+*'i+*t t*eir p'i+*t re'tin+ -ro t*e a''e+e$ -ai're o- t*e p!'i& at*oritie to a&t pon +rievan&e t*at *a$ tie an$ a+ain a+ ain !een !ro+*t to t*e 'atter attention. T*e repon$ent ere preventive'% pen$e$ !% t*e Se&retar% o- $&ation. T*e% &op'aine$ to CHR. 5SS6: 7O CHR *a t*e poer to a$$i&ate a''e+e$ *an ri+*t vio'ation R65;: o. T*e Coiion evi$ent'% inten$ to ite'- a$$i&ate, t*at i to a%, $eterine it* t*e &*ara&ter o- -ina'it% an$ $e-initene, t*e ae ie *i&* *ave !een pae$ pon an$ $e&i$e$ !% t*e Se&retar% o- $&ation an$ !e&t to appea' to CSC, t*i Cort *avin+ in -a&t, a a-oreentione$, $e&'are$ t*at t*e tea&*er a--e&te$ a% ta/e appea' to t*e CSC on ai$ atter, i- ti'' tie'%. tie'%. T*e t*re*o'$ <etion i *et*er or not t*e CHR *a t*e poer n$er t*e &ontittion to $o o= *et*er or not, 'i/e a &ort o- ti&e or even a <ai>$i&ia' a+en&%, it *a ri$i&tion or a$$i&ator% poer over, or t*e poer to tr% an$ $e&i$e, or $ear an$ $eterine, &ertain pe&i-i& t%pe o- &ae, 'i/e a''e+e$ *an ri+*t vio'ation invo'vin+ &ivi' or po'iti&a' ri+*t. T*e Cort $e&'are t*at t*e CHR to *ave no &* poer, an$ it a not eant ean t !% t*e -n$aenta' 'a to !e anot*er &ort &o rt or <ai>$i&ia' a+en&% in t*i &ontr%, or $p'i&ate &* 'e ta/e over t*e -n&tion o- t*e 'atter. The most that may be conceded to the Commission in the way of adjudicative power is that it may investigate, i.e. receive evidence and make findings of fact as regards claimed human rights violations involving civil and political rights. ?t -a&t>-in$in+ i not a$$i&ation, an$ &annot !e 'i/ene$ to $i&ia' -n&tion o- a &ort o- ti&e, or even a <ai $i&ia' a+en&% or o--i&ia'. o--i&ia'. T*e -n&tion o- re&eivin+ evi$en&e an$ a&ertainin+ t*ere-ro t*e -a&t o- a &ontrover% i not a $i&ia' -n&tion, proper'% pea/in+. To !e &oni$ere$ &*, t*e -a&'t% o- re&eivin+ evi$en&e an$ a/in+ -a&ta' &on&'ion in a &ontrover% t !e a&&o panie$ !% t*e at*orit% o- applying the law to those factual conclusions to the end that the controversy be decided or determined authoritatively, finally and definitely, subject to such appeals or modes of review as may be provided by law. T*i law. T*i -n&tion, to repeat, t*e Coiion $oe not *ave. Hen&e it i t*at t*e CHR having merely the power to “investigate, cannot and not “try and resolve on the merits !adjudicate" the matters involved in #triking Teachers Teachers
HRC Case $o. %&'((), a it *a annon&e$ it ean to $o= an$ &annot $o o even it*ere !e a &'ai t*at in t*e a$initrative $i&ip'inar% pro&ee$in+ a+aint t*e tea&*er in <etion, initiate$ an$ &on$&te$ !% t*e @CS, t*eir *an ri+*t, or &ivi' or po'iti&a' ri+*t *a$ !een tran+ree$.