End S-parameters of the filter including discrete ports
Final design
3
TSM–Sensitivity Surrogate Model Parameters
Tuning
Prototype
CMA-ES Post-processing optimization on the surrogate model using virtual S-parameters. Only a few 3D EM simulations needed for getting the final filter response •
Final design
'
S 11 S 11
S 11 L1
'
L1
S 11 L2
'
L2
S 11 L3
'
L3
S 11 S 1
'
S 1
S 11 S 2
•
'
S 2
Sensitivity Analysis Parameters
Tuning
Prototype
Final design
Manufacturing tolerances can be taken into account using sensitivity analysis. A face constraint should be defined for each tolerant parameter (e.g. metallization edges).
Yield Analysis Parameters
Tuning
Prototype
Final design
97% of the filter samples satisfied the specification assuming that the manufacturing tolerance is 0.1 mil (3 x standard deviation).
Cavity Filter Synthesis
3D Filter Macro Interdigital
Combline
Cavity
Cavity Filter Tuning
Direct 3D Optimization (CMA-ES)
SAM – Semi-Automatic Filter Tuning Problem: Tuning of filter each tuning cavity (peak) requires is many “almost” manual independent. steps... Sequential problem! Peak Time-Positions Coupling elements
Peak Depths Tuning screws
SAM – Semi-Automatic Filter Tuning Run tuning steps in sequence 1 2 3 4
1
2
3
4
iterate.
Examples
Tuning Space Mapping Technique
Courtesy of C-COM Ltd. (Published in RADIOENGINEERING, VOL. 20, NO. 1, APRIL 2011)
Low-Pass Filter 22.5 GHz
Microstrip Lowpass Filter on RO4350 Substrate
Band-Pass Filter
Miniaturized High-Rejection Ku Band Planar Band-Pass Filter for Satellite Applications
