Appendix 3.2 3.2 supported supported distance learning learning
CIPD Certificate in Human Resource Management UNIT TITLE: Using IInformation nformation in Human Resources 5UIN
Distance Learning Workbook
Name: CIPD membersi! number
INTR"DUCTI"N This workbook has been developed as blended learning material to provide you with materials and activities which facilitate your knowledge knowledge and understanding understanding of all the Learning Outcomes for this unit. The workbook will allow you to work at your own pace and is designed in such a way that it is clear which Learning Outcome and Assessment Assessment riteria the activity or material relates to and you can then link this easily to the assessment brief you are working on. The guided learning learning hours for this module are 2! hours" hours" this is the time you should plan to spend reading the material in this workbook and completing the activities and doing your additional reading and research for this module The activities you are asked to t o complete will help you to understand the issues and you should ensure that you complete them all in the order they appear. #our course tutor is available to help you with anything you don$t understand and to discuss the issues in more detail with you at a mutually convenient time. ontact georgina%beprodevelopment.co.uk georgina%beprodevelopment.co.uk"" !&'(2 )*')+! when you need help or advice with anything in the workbook. There are tasks within the workbook where you are re,uired to send your completed material to your course tutor for their comments and feedback. -t would be helpful if you got this feedback before moving onto your next task.
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hen you open a /ower/oint presentation open in notes view or presenter view so you can see the additional notes which offer a lot more detail around the topic and also provide you with additional reference sources. The workbooks have been designed in such a way that they fit in with the learning outcomes of the assessments" this will help you to answer the ,uestions and refer back to the work you have done in the workbook when you complete the assessment. 0efore you start with your workbooks you will have completed your induction and have received all the unit materials and referencing guidance to help you with your studies. All additional materials will be available to you via the 0e/roActive tab1area on the website so it is important that you have an internet connection to be able to download these materials" some of the links contained in the workbook will also take you to a live web page. Unit Tit#e: Using Information in Human Resources 5UIN Learning outcomes and assessment criteria in this workbook: Learning outcomes $ssessment criteria The learner will The learner can &
nderstand the research process and different research approaches.
&.& 4ummarise the stages of the research process and compare different data collection methods
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2 0e able to conduct a critical review of information sources in an area of 561business practice and analyse the findings.
2.& -dentify an area of 56 practice for investigation
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3 0e able to draw meaningful conclusions and evaluate options for change.
3.& 7raw meaningful conclusions from the review and make 8ustified recommendations for improvements in practice
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( 9now how to deliver clear" business:focused reports on an 56 issue.
(.& ;ormulate a business report for identified stakeholders that includes an appropriate mix of diagrammatic and narrative formats
2.2 onduct a critical review of different information sources relevant to the chosen area of 561business practice
$ssignment %rief < this is the assessment you will complete for this nit" download the document and save it to your computer.
Assessment activity 5UIN.docx
The assessment for this unit takes the form of a report" here are some guidelines to help you when you are completing your report 2
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Use a Tit#e !age &ic inc#u'es =ame and -/7 membership number nit and Assignment title ord count >excluding appendices? Intro'uction @ive overall aim and ob8ectives" what the report aims to achieve by the end 0ackground information about your organisation < keep this brief due to word counts (in'ings: )main tasks* Outcomes from the research conducted < what you have found out < make sure you refer to the actual tasksB you are addressing in the assessment brief < you could use sub headings to make it clear Conc#usions: 9eep this section concise" link it back to the ob8ectives you stated in the introduction" make sure if flows logically from the evidence in the findings Recommen'ations: 7iscuss suggestions for improvements" how they can be implemented" who would be responsible" timescales and any financial implications. %ib#iogra!+: se referencing" ensure entries are listed alphabetically by 4urname. http11www.skillsyouneed.com1write1report:writing.html check out how to structure your report.
$cti,it+ Learning outcomes &.& Un'erstan' te researc !rocess an' 'ifferent researc a!!roaces >This section should take you 3 hours to complete?
-.- /ummarise te stages of te researc !rocess an' com!are 'ifferent 'ata co##ection meto's b+ &a+ of a #iterature re,ie& commenting of a',antages an' 'isa',antages of 'iffering a!!roaces hy is /ractical 0usiness 6esearch relevant to youC As a manager it is important that you make sense of what is going on both within your organisation and within its environment in order to take effective decisions and actions 0usiness 6esearch is about the process of collecting and interpreting the information needed for this. >ameron" 4. and /rice" 7. >2!!)? Business research methods: a practical approach. London hartered -nstitute of /ersonnel and 7evelopment.
Timely" valid and reliable information is vital to help managers and staff within organisations to make informed decisions and for organisations to function successfully and remain competitive. Dffective management decision:making is aided by informed research which is all about evaluating the current situation on a particular issue and identifying and
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determining potential future actions that are re,uired to improve or enhance the position. -nformation is critical to any organisation and will enable you to
/lot trends Analyse customer re,uirements
Assess how well other organisations are doing >act as a comparator?
Eake better informed decisions
Dvaluate performance
Operate within the law
pdate policies and procedures
-nformed research can be seen as a systematic and methodical process of en,uiry and investigation that provides insights into a particular issue in order t o make informed decisions about actions to take. Types of decisions within organisations can be /trategic < focusing on the long term direction in terms of the scope of its products 1 services and the geographic markets in which the organisation operates Tactica# < focusing on maintaining competitive advantage or increasing client numbers. ;or example changes in prices or new ways of getting the product 1 service to the consumer. "!erationa# < focusing on the day:to:day decisions that will enhance efficiency and effectiveness within the organisation" for example the introduction of new 56 -nformation 4ystem The more informed the decisions are the more likely the organisation is to be successful in its pursuit of achieving client value and organisational ob8ectives. #ou have already looked in depth at the decision making process in the first nit" review the different models you identified to recap on your previous learning >this will help you later in this nit? Any decision you make as an 56 professional will re,uire some form of analysis and collation of information to ensure that your decisions are informed and where possible backed up with evidence of success. @eneral business information that can aid decision: making includes
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Analysis of sales 1 market share Analysis of client re,uirements 0uying trends Dxternal analysis of key factors >e.g. /D4T" /D4TLD"4OT? ;inancial and investment appraisal 7emographic trends < in terms of client and staff supply
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http://www.smartdatacollective.com/bernardmarr/85871/analytics-googlegreat-example-data-driven-decision-making ;ollow the link to see how @oogle use data driven decision making within their company ;rom an 56 perspective Information about employees is an essential re,uirement for the successful operation of any business. Eanagement need to know what is happening to the human resources available to them" 8ust as much as to the financial and material resources$ /ut simply" information facilitates !#anning" monitoring and 'ecision making in the organisation and to meet external re,uirements such as the provision of statistics to @overnment agencies. >ole" @.A. >&))+? 4trategic Eanagement Theory and /ractice 9ogan /age? An effective 56 practitioner will compare and contrast data from different sources and publications and determine how this data can aid further research and decision:making.
Data collection 5UIN.pptx
Open the presentation and complete the activity" you will need to send your findings to your course tutor and await their feedback and to agree your next target date georgina%beprodevelopment.co.uk The difference between primary and second research collection is that primary research data collection involves conducting research oneself, or using the data for the purpose it was intended for. Secondary research data, on the other hand, was collected by a third party or for some other purpose. Primary data can be collected by someone in the organisation. This person has to have a clear plan for conducting research, including specific research questions and methodology. The data that is collected is used for its intended purpose. Secondary data might actually be the product of other research, or might have been collected by someone else. Unlie primary data, secondary data is not tightly controlled by the researcher. The process has already happened, or the data was collected for a different purpose. http:!!www.enotes.com!homewor"help!describe"primary"secondary"research" data"#$$%$& have a look at some ,uestions and answers about primary and secondary data then read the case study to help you to put the issues into an organisational context.
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food-standards-ag en cy-ed iti on -13 p ri
4econdary data A great deal of this information can be accessed on:line which allows for ease of access" speed 1 flexibility" current up to date reports" cross:disciplinary searching >sub8ect areas within the same database?" ability to identify further research and 1 or correlations. On:line information provides a great deal of additional opinions and views in various media formats including blogs" podcasts and 644 feeds. As well as investigating issues" research can provide solutions" generate new ideas and help create new ways of working. ;or example an organisation might identify that its recruitment and selection processes do not help the organisation to recruit the right type of people to the organisation. 0y conducting informed research on this issue the organisation can identify the current issues and problems with the recruitment and selection processes and identify workable solutions based on the views of key stakeholders and further research of good practice within this field. 6esearch aims to generate ideas and provides the effective practitioner" to some extent" to test how these ideas can be implemented in reality. 6esearch design can be based on a philosophy of positivism or phenomenology. hile positivism involves research that is focused on observed facts" phenomenology looks at the meaning of a certain issue or phenomena where the aim of a researcher is to analyse the sources to develop meaning. Additionally research can be
E0!#orati,e < this is new research that looks for patterns" trends and new ideas. Techni,ues used case studies" surveys" observation Descri!ti,e < describes a current issue. Techni,ues used ,uestionnaires" surveys and focus groups $na#+tica# < expands on descriptive research and tries to determine reasons for t he issue occurring through measurement Pre'icti,e < goes one step further and looks at the likelihood of an issue occurring in another situation 1 scenario
The actual planning of the research involves
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-dentifying a particular area of research -dentifying the aims and ob8ectives of the research -dentifying outcomes to the research issue 4coping the siFe of the research ;ormulating research ,uestions ;ormulating the methodology >i.e. how will the research be conducted?
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-dentifying sources for the research >primary or secondary? Analysing the key stakeholders" their needs 1 concerns and how these will be managed -dentifying barriers >e.g. low response rate from ,uestionnaires? and how to overcome these ;ormulating a plan as to how the research will be communicated and presented to key stakeholders
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Learning outcomes (" 2 Assessment criteria (.2 2.& >I'entif+ an area of HR !ractice for in,estigation2 an' gi,e reason for +our coice )te business 'ri,er tat as ma'e +ou 3curious4 to in,estigate someting*
>This activity should take you about an hour?
Taken from the assessment brief (.& “Your CEO has asked each departmental head to undertake a crical re!iew o" their s#stems$ processes and pracces as part o" a ma%or or&anisaonal chan&e a&enda' You ha!e been asked to re!iew an area o" ()*business pracce and present a business report to ke# stakeholders with recommendaons "or impro!in& pracce' +o pro!ide the basis "or #our report$ #ou ha!e been asked to conduct a crical re!iew o" in"ormaon sources rele!ant to the area o" pracce' You should:
,elect an area o" ()*business pracce and &i!e the reason "or #our choice-
Think about the area of 561business practice you are going to select as the basis for your report. 4ome suggestions for you -mproving 4ickness absence Dmployee Dngagement Eanagement 7evelopment ;lexible working policies /erformance management systems 4end your choice to your personal tutor for their comment and ask them if they can suggest any research areas you could start to look at. 4et your next target date. hen determining the research area a number of factors can be taken into account to aid the you in identifying an area
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Giews of stakeholders on what the key issues are Analysis of organisational surveys to identify key issues Dvaluation of reports 1 documents e.g. training evaluation =ew legislation
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9ey business ob8ectives or future strategies
6eading up to date news and specialised professional 8ournals e.g. good practice may be identified that can be transferred. Tools and models such as mind:mapping" fish:bone analysis and force field analysis enable the researcher to identify key issues and the causes of these. -n addition these can help the researcher develop clusters and ideas from a broad starting point and provide further focus for a research area. ndertaking research will involve
7etermining the sub8ect area -dentifying key sources Dxamining good practice ollecting and analysing the data /utting in place the proposal
$cti,it+ Learning outcomes 2 >This activity should take you about * hours in total? L"1: %e ab#e to con'uct a critica# re,ie& of information sources in an area of HR6business !ractice an' ana#+se te fin'ings 1.1 Con'uct a critica# re,ie& of 'ifferent information sources re#e,ant to te cosen area of HR6business !ractice #ou have now selected your topic of investigation and you need to start to do some research on that topic >Taken from the assessment brief 2.2" &.&" 3.&?
/ndertake a crical re!iew o" di0erent in"ormaon sources at least three e'&' research di&ests$ academic and pro"essional literature$ online databases$ ke# tets rele!ant to the selected area o" pracce' ,tart to do some in!es&aons around the topic #oursel" "or eample ha!e a look in #our Essenal readin& tet book$ what does rmstron& ha!e to sa# about #our area o" in!es&aon' Check out the C7 website 8 what are the latest reports*9ndin&s*sur!e#s around #our chosen research area ;hat about C,$ 7irect&o!'uk$ &oo&le$
-t is important to identify areas of good practice in your chosen research area. This will enable you to identify end results and possibilities as to what can be implemented and add value. This will additionally add substance to your proposal when trying to convince key =
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stakeholders who may invest time and resources into the proposal of the benefits of the research and the return on investment >6O-? @ood practice can be obtained from case studies" research within professional 8ournals" and networking with fellow professionals. =etworking should enhance the ,uality and ,uantity of information received to aid decision:making. A good example of good practice from a case
H! paints case st"dy#1$ %%.p df
study could be highlighted" for example" read this case study about how Dmployee Dngagement strategies have helped 5E@ paints to grow and meet organisational strategies. -f this were your topic of investigation you would highlight good practice and reference the case study" this would provide evidence for you" don$t forget you will need to reference your source. =ow think about the literature you are using for your reportHH.and what this meansH.. A literature review >including analysis of professional reports? is an essential aspect of research. An awareness of what has been researched on a particular sub8ect area will provide the researcher with reference points and signposts to further research >for example references used in the articles 1 bibliography?. #ou need to be careful of the fact that when researching a sub8ect area" unless you refine your research re,uirements a number of issues could arise. hen determining how appropriate the research 1 literature is you need to consider
6elevance The purpose of the research article 1 text Outcomes of the research article 1 text 4upporting arguments @eneration of new ideas 1 perspectives larity and persuasiveness of the article 1 text
7ata collated can be in the form of ,uantitative data >measuring statistical information? or ,ualitative >analysis of themes and patterns? As we previously identified Iuantitative data involves collecting" analysing and interpreting information then using the information to develop further deeper statistical analysis. Iualitative data can put the information in a nominal form such as words" images and surveys. ;or example" a report that aims to analyse the impact of sickness absence and solutions may use the following types of ,uantitative information
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4tatistical benchmarking with other organisations 4tatistical benchmarking across the functions 1 departments 4tatistical benchmarking in comparison with previous months 1 years Adoption of a scoring system >e.g. the 0radford ;actor? to determine sickness scoring amongst individual Analysis of instances in order to determine trends and underlying issues
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/roviding detailed financial analysis of costs 6eturn on investment analysis in terms of improvements in rates following the implementation of a new process 1 system 4urveys to gather staff views and ideas summarised into percentage terms
Iuantitative data is more user friendly when presenting the information or highlighting key issues to enhance the business case >in terms of accessible figures" tables and graphs or charts?. Iualitative information can aid research through
/roviding more in:depth analysis of a research area Ascertaining more detailed views and feedback from key stakeholders Eaking sense of the figures and gaining deeper insights into a sub8ect area t o aid decision:making Dnhancing credibility and the substance of the business case when trying to convince key stakeholders of a future course of action @aining further insights into the reasons for particular areas of concern 1 improvement Obtaining a solutions focus to key issues e.g. feedback from key stakeholders following an interview 7etermining the reasons 1 rationale to certain statistical analysis @aining deeper insights on good practices" the processes and how t he outcomes are achieved
Iualitative and ,uantitative information used collectively will add substance to the research and enable deeper insights into a sub8ect area. This in turn can add substance to the business case" the reasons as to why certain issues occur and the solutions to these. The information received" no matter what the source is" should be critically evaluated to prevent misinformed conclusions from being made which may impact on effective" reliable and valid decision:making. ritical evaluation is about making informed 8udgements about the reliability and validity of a particular research text 1 article. 9ey factors to determine when critically evaluating research include
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7etail and comprehensiveness of the research Iualifications" experience and track record of the author -s it a known sourceC < e.g. iki is not a known source The extent to which a representative sample has been used urrency >how up to date is the research? @aps in the research >has there been other research not included? -s there a range of balanced arguments that test the ob8ectives of the researchC 5ave full and valid conclusions been determinedC
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5ave all factors been taken into accountC
-nterviews can enable you to obtain deeper insights into an issue including attitudes and feelings. -nterviews can be
/tructure' < clear ob8ectives and ,uestions linked to the research Unstructure' < no ,uestions prepared and individual speaks freely /emi7structure' < some ,uestions identified but individuals are free to develop further views" ideas and feelings
Iuestionnaires gather both facts and opinions on a particular sub8ect area or areas. The data is collected and analysed systematically. Dffective ,uestionnaires
/rovide clear ,uestions 5ighlight key issues Avoid asking multiple or leading ,uestions /rovide codes to ease analysis 4tart with factual ,uestions 4urveys use a combination of ,uestionnaires and interviews and obtain information from a defined population of people.
&"estionnaire activity.doc
Open the ,uestionnaire document above and complete the activity" highlight the problems you have identified. This well help you to design the ,uestionnaire you are going to send out to help you to collect the information you need to gather facts and opinions on your chosen topic. 4end your own ,uestionnaire to your personal tutor before you send this" he1she will comment on the content and set your next target date. =ow you have designed your ,uestionnaire some factors to consider now are who is your target audience" what is your population sample" how will you distribute. 7o some research yourself on ,uestionnaire and best practice when designing and issuing ,uestionnaires.
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Learning outcomes L": %e ab#e to 'ra& meaningfu# conc#usions an' e,a#uate o!tions for cange
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.- Dra& meaningfu# conc#usions from te re,ie& an' make 8ustifie' recommen'ations for im!ro,ements in !ractice )Tis acti,it+ sou#' take +ou 1 ours to com!#ete* #ou have now collected your -nformation from both /rimary >your own ,uestionnaire? and secondary sources >-/7 reports" text books" Eanagers.Org" google" AA4" etcH?. The raw information >the data? collated by you the researcher needs to be analysed and put into a useable format and context in order for the recipient to form logical conclusions and insights into the sub8ect area and aid decision:making. 7ata is meaningless unless it can be converted into information that can aid decision: making. 6ecruitment" sickness" training and disciplinary figures only become useful when they are analysed" correlations are identified and benchmarking is undertaken. Dffective practitioners enhance their credibility if they can analyse and interpret trends to aid decision:making. The interpretation of trends will enable the practitioner to highlight key underlying issues on a sub8ect area" benchmark issues and determine further insights and solutions to the issues involved. This can be done through putting in place a range of statistical and financial techni,ues that can turn data into meaningful information. 9ey statistical techni,ues include
(orecasting < of future trends Corre#ations < looking at the relationships between different variables e.g. does poor induction relate to higher turnover" or poor performance translate into higher levels of stress:related absences /am!#ing < using a percentage of representative groups or individuals to determine trends" views" practices In,estment a!!raisa# < return on investment of choices In'e0 numbers < benchmarking figures in percentage terms
-n further evaluating options the effective practitioner needs an understanding of how these statistics will impact on future organisational growth or ob8ectives along with awareness of the financial implications involved. Additionally" analysis of the available resources >in terms of costs and value? will determine the feasibility of the decisions. -n identifying both the impact of resource and cost benefit analysis" a focus should be made on the critical success factors >4;s? of any key decisions and future action plans. 4;s are processes" activities and factors that are re,uired in order to ensure higher levels of organisational performance and effectiveness. 7ecisions involve the management of change" which could include retrenchment" consolidation" growth" new directions" new products or services" new geographic markets" enhancing product or services etc. Organisations need to determine their resource capability and competence to embrace any changes. Additionally choices are based on acceptability of decisions >to key stakeholders?"
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feasibility >resources needed?" and suitability >to aims and ob8ectives?. hat is the difference between data and informationC . Taken from the assessment brief >how your report should be structured?
#ou need to think about using pie charts or graphs to present some of your information"you can use power point to do this. Again looking at Dmployee Dngagement follow the link below from the -/7 website to see how this has been done within this report. http11www.cipd.co.uk1hr:resources1research1locus:engagement:understanding: connect.aspx 7o your own search for ,uantitative data on your chosen sub8ect.
$cti,it+ 9 Learning outcomes 1. L": ;no& o& to 'e#i,er c#ear2 business focuse' re!orts on an HR issue .- (ormu#ate a business re!ort for i'entifie' stakeo#'ers tat inc#u'es an a!!ro!riate mi0 of 'iagrammatic an' narrati,e formats )tis acti,it+ sou#' take +ou an our an' ten +ou are rea'+ to start +our o&n in,estigations an' &rite +our assessment brief* As stated" in order to convince budget holders and key decision:makers" a full stakeholder analysis is needed to determine which stakeholders may either contribute to or hinder the research process. 4ome stakeholders may be very supportive of t he process e.g. employees may wish to contribute fully to research that looks at enhancing rewards or incentives. 5owever" if stakeholders have little interest in the research or fear that the research will have an adverse impact on themselves or their working lives they may not contribute or even obstruct progress on the research. This is why it is important to identify who the key stakeholders areJ what their interests and needs may be" barriers they may pose to the research and the identification of strategies to overcome any barriers. 5ave a look at the video in this link to help you to identify your stakeholders
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https11www.mindtools.com1pages1article1new//EK!+.htm 4takeholder mapping and analysis is a tool for determining the power and influence of stakeholders and how key stakeholders can be used and managed to help convince other stakeholders of the benefits of the research. 9ey stakeholders include executives" managers" staff" trade unions" customers" local community" suppliers" government agencies etc. The level of interest" power and influence will all depend on the organisational context. @aining trust" commitment and engagement of key stakeholders is vital to the success of the research. =ot only can stakeholders hinder or advance the research but can provide specialised or client:focused knowledge and solutions on the research areas and additionally help identify other areas for research. onvincing key stakeholders of the importance and benefits of research re,uires a clear proposal" with relevant and engaging communication methods for getting the message across in a media format that is easy to understand and engages the relevant stakeholder groups. 4takeholders generally will want to know
The reasons for the research Dventual outcomes The impact of the research on individuals and the organisation ;inancial implications 9ey information 1 resources re,uired hat is in it for them 5ow much information 1 time do they have to commit Timetable for action 5ow the results will be communicated
Although all stakeholders will want consistent" detailed and informative information conveyed to them" different stakeholders will have different needs in terms of the time they have to digest the information. -n addition depending on their level of responsibility stakeholders will re,uire information in various levels of detail" with some needing more analysis than others. This will depend on whether they operate at a strategic" tactical or operational level
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E0ecuti,es < will need clear" fully detailed analytical reports that are referenced with page numbers and numbered headings in order to provide reference points. An executive summary will enable a busy executive to determine what t he report is about" its ob8ectives and key outcomes in a short period of time. Dxecutives wish to know the value a report will create and the return on investment. -nformation can be conveyed through reports" executive board meetings" presentations and statistical and financial analysis. Managers < will need details on how the issue impacts on them and t heir staff and how they can operationalise strategic or tactical decisions. These individuals will be focused on resources" costs and timescales associated with the desired proposal and its recommendations. -nformation can be conveyed through reports" presentations"
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team meetings" intranet 1 emails and focus groups. /taff : re,uire ,uick and accessible information that keeps them updated and informed of the impact of the proposal on their working lives and own career development. -nformation can be communicated through using focus groups" presentations" team briefings" intranet resources" emails. E0terna# stakeo#'ers < may re,uire the basic information in terms of the results and how these impact on them" the organisation and the people the organisation serves >other stakeholders?
7etermining needs can involve discussions with the key stakeholders to gauge views and re,uirements. @enerally
hen wishing to gain ,uick overview of an issue" charts or diagrammatic tools are useful -dentifying key stakeholders can be conveyed through stakeholder mapping /rogress on an activity can be conveyed using pro8ect management tools such as @antt charts or ritical /ath Analysis The scrutinisation of data or identification of investment 1 future trends would re,uire numerical and financial data Eore detailed analysis re,uires written reports 4coping ideas can be done by mind:mapping 1 fish:bone analysis 9ey decision:making processes can use decision trees for tracing alternative outcomes of a decision ;orce field analysis helps determine drivers 1 barriers for implementing an action such as undertaking new research" implementing change" strategic decision making etc.
harts and other graphical forms are very effective methods of presenting information and communicating key points and trends. harts are effective as they are attractive to look at" allow users to graphically illustrate comparisons and trends that can appeal to a wide audience.
0ar charts highlight fre,uencies or percentages /ie charts highlight key issues and provide benchmarks through percentage 5istograms are a refinement of bar charts" but the ad8oining bars touch" indicating that the variable is measured on an interval or ratio scale ;re,uency curves connect all the mid:points of a histogram and has these points smoothed out to make a curve 4catter diagrams are useful when comparing different sets of data Time series looks at the behaviour of certain data over a period of time. This information can be seasonally ad8usted" to smooth out$ unexpected fluctuations /ictograms use images to represent the data. ;or example pictures of people to represent the ethic 1 gender mix
-t is more than likely that key executive stakeholders will re,uire this information in a report format" where statistical" financial" written" verbal and diagrammatic information is 15
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consolidated into one report in order to get a complete overview. =ow you are ready to write your assessment" make a first draft and send to your tutor for their comments.
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