B@3 – Tlmd Tlmdrwr rwr btblj Urhcdss Tlbt 4 - Tlmdrstgl Tlmdrstglm m pdrshlgf blsurglcds blsurglcds bl rdfgtbhl th tad blsurglcd ulmdrwrbtblj ulmdrwrbtblj prhcdss Gfsh chvdrs Tlbt > h` B@= Cfgbos Cfgbos Aglmfblj Urhcdss Urhcdss
OH]H^ BLST^GLCD
Urbvgtd Cgr • ^hgm ]rg``bc Gct (^]G) hlfy9
^HGM ]^G@@BC G C] 7211
–Oblbouo chvdrgjd th chopfy wbta tad Gct. –Tlfbobtdm blmdolbty `hr ]U nhmbfy blkury hr mdgta –£7 Obffbhl `hr • fhss h` hr mgogjd th ]U prhpdrty. • Cfgboglt‒s chsts glm dxpdlsds • Dodrjdlcy odmbcgf trdgtodlt glm ahspbtgf cagrjds.
Bt bs bffdjgf th mrbvd hr nd bl cagrjd h` g vdabcfd hl g punfbc rhgm, gs md`bldm bl tad ^hgm ]rg``bc Gct 7211, ulfdss gl blsurglcd phfbcy bs bl `hrcd bl rdspdct h` fdjgf fbgnbfbty `hr blkury th htadrs hr mgogjd th tadbr prhpdrty.
–]abrm DT Ohthr Blsurglcd Mbrdctbvd 722> • Cgrs usdm bl DT chultrbds oust agvd tad abjadr h` –Oblbouo –Oblbouo chvdr gs rdqubrdm bl chultry h` h ` rdjbstrgtbhl h` vdabcfd –Oblbouo –Oblbouo chvdr rdqubrdm bl chultry wadrd bt bs ndblj mrbvdl.
UTNFBC ^HGM; ... gly abjawgy glm gly htadr rhgm th wabca tad punfbc p unfbc ags gccdss ...
Urbvgtd Cgr • ]abrm Ugrty Hlfy –g £>5 Obffbhl fbobt bl rdspdct h` tabrm pgrty prhpdrty mgogjd chvdr9 –usugffy g 'mrbvd htadr vdabcfds' dxtdlsbhl ny tad blsurdm hlfy9 –blmdolbty th tad blsurdm's dopfhydr b` tad phfbcy chvdrs nusbldss usd9 –blmdolbty `hr tad fbgnbfbty h` pgssdljdrs9 glm –fdjgf chsts th md`dlm g cfgbo. –Dxcfusbhls • Mgogjd th gly prhpdrty bl tad custhmy glm chltrhf h` tad blsurdm • Fbgnbfbty chvdrdm ny glhtadr phfbcy
• ]abrm Ugrty @brd glm ]ad`t –]UF gs gnhvd –tad`t hr gttdoptdm tad`t, –mgogjd ny `brd, fbjatlblj hr dxpfhsbhl.
SDFNR ^GBF C^GSA BL >557 ]ad Jrdgt Adci rgbf crgsa, wbmdfy ilhwl gs tad Sdfny rgbf crgsa, wgs g abja-spddm trgbl gccbmdlt tagt hccurrdm gt Jrdgt Adci ldgr Sdfny, Lhrta Rhrisabrd, Dljfglm hl tad ohrlblj h` >1 @dnrugry >557. ]dl pdhpfd mbdm, blcfumblj tad mrbvdrs h` nhta trgbls blvhfvdm, glm 1> pdhpfd su``drdm sdrbhus blkurbds. Bt rdogbls tad whrst rgbf mbsgstdr bl tad >7st cdltury bl tad Tlbtdm Ibljmho. Blsurdrs bltrhmucdm tad fbobt h` >5 Obffbhl hl prhpdrty mgogjd g`tdr tabs gccbmdlt.
Urbvgtd Cgr • Choprdadlsbvd –]UH chvdr gs gnhvd –'gff rbsis' chvdr hl tad vdabcfd wbta dxcfusbhls. • wdgr glm tdgr • Mdprdcbgtbhl • fhss h` usd • odcaglbcgf glm dfdctrbcgf `gbfurd • tyrd mgogjd `rho pulcturds hr nfhw-huts (tahuja lhtd tagt gly rdsuftglt mgogjd whufm nd chvdrdm).
–Dxtdlsbhls gt lh chst • pdrshlgf gccbmdlt • odmbcgf dxpdlsds (`hr tad mrbvdr – ]U glm pgssdljdrs bs blcfumdm bl ]UH) • pdrshlgf d``dcts.
Mrbvblj htadr cgrs dxtdlsbhl.
Urbvgtd Cgr • Hptbhlgf Dxtdlsbhls ` hr g lhl-choprdadlsbvd phfbcy) –Nrdgigjd h` jfgss (b.d. `hr –Udrshlgf ndfhljbljs glm cfhtablj (bl gmmbtbhl th stglmgrm chvdr) –Urhvbsbhl h` g churtdsy cgr tad cgr bl `hr rdpgbr `hffhwblj gl gccbmdlt –Dxtdlmdm pdrshlgf gccbmdlt ndld`bts –@hrdbjl usd chvdr ndyhlm tad oblbouo DT chvdr guthogtbcgffy prhvbmdm –Cgrgvgls glm trgbfdrs –Nrdgimhwl chvdr –Fdjgf dxpdlsds.
Urbvgtd Ohthr Cycfd • Sgod gs Urbvgtd Cgr –Dxcfusbhls • tadrd bs lh chvdr `hr tad`t h` gccdsshrbds hr spgrd pgrts ulfdss tad cycfd bs gfsh sthfdl • shod phfbcbds mh lht prhvbmd blmdolbty th dopfhydrs • tadrd bs usugffy lh pdrshlgf gccbmdlt, odmbcgf dxpdlsds hr pdrshlgf d`` dcts chvdr
–Hptbhlgf Dxtdlsbhls • Fhss hr mgogjd th trgbfdrs • rbmblj htadr cycfds dxtdlsbhl.
Choodrcbgf vdabcfds • ]ypds h` vdabcfds –jhhms-cgrryblj vdabcfds (`rho sogff vgls th grtbcufgtdm fhrrbds) –cgrrbgjd h` pgssdljdrs `hr abrd glm rdwgrm (suca gs tgxbs) –pgssdljdr-cgrryblj vdabcfds (nusds, chgcads glm oblbnusds) gfsh usugffy `hr abrd hr rdwgrm nut lht gfwgys. gfwgys. –gjrbcufturgf glm `hrdstry vdabcfds (suca gs trgcthrs) –vdabcfds h` spdcbgf chlstructbhl hr 'spdcbgf typds', d.j. gonufglcds, crglds, `hrifb`t trucis, dgrta ohvdrs
• Sgod chvdrs gs Urbvgtd Cgr dxcdpt –Fbobt h` ]U Urhpdrty Mgogjd bs ndtwddl £ 7 – £4 obffbhl
• Dxtdlsbhls –Fhgmblj glm ulfhgmblj –Blmdolbty th mrbvdrs –Blmdolbty th Tsdr –Blmdolbty th Ugssdljdrs –Fdjgf Chsts
Choodrcbgf vdabcfds • Hptbhlgf Dxtdlsbhls –Odmbcgf dxpdlsds –Zblmscrddl chvdr –Fhss h` usd –Blcrdgsdm ]UF prhpdrty fbobt –Udrshlgf ndfhljbljs –Blmdolbty th abrdrs –Saddts glm rhpds (lht chvdrdm ulmdr stglmgrm chvdr)
Choodrcbgf vdabcfds • @fddts –Oust nd gt fdgst 75 vdabcfds –Chltbljdlt fbgnbfbty ]U Blsurglcd (Dopfhydds usblj hwl vdabcfds glm chvdr bs blhpdrgtbvd) –Khblt Blsurdm cfgusd –Hccgsbhlgf Nusbldss Tsd (Dopfhydd usblj hwl vdabcfd `hr nusbldss usd) –^hgmsbmd gssbstglcd –Adfpfblds odssgjd aglmfblj glm gmoblbstrgtbhl
• Uurphsd h` @fddt ^gtblj –^gtblj th nd cgrrbdm hut th tgid gcchult h` tad blmbvbmugf dxpdrbdlcd h` tad pgrtbcufgr phfbcyahfmdr –]h rdmucd gmoblbstrgtbhl `hr tad phfbcyahfmdr glm blsurdr ny agvblj g sbljfd ouftb-vdabcfd phfbcy
ADGF]A
Udrshlgf Gccbmdlt • Hpdrgtbvd tbod h` chvdr; –>= –>= ahur ngsbs –Murblj –Murblj tad phfbcyahfmdr phfbcyahfmdr ‒s usugf hccupgtbhl –Zabfst –Zabfst trgvdffblj bl tad blsurdm vdabcfd (b` dxtdlsbhl th Ohthr)
• Ndld`bts; –Mdgta –Mdgta ny gccbmdlt – gccbmdlt – Cgpbtgf Ndld`bt –Udrogldlt –Udrogldlt ]htgf Mbsgnfdodlt (U]M) • Cgpbtgf ndld`bt • U]M oust hccur wbtabl 4> hr 75= wddis h` gccbmdlt
–Udrogldlt –Udrogldlt Ugrtbgf Mbsgnfdodlt (UUM) • chltbldltgf scgfd (pdrcdltgjd h` Cgpbtgf Ndld`bts
–]dophrgry –]dophrgry ]htgf Mbsgnfdodlt • Zddify ndld`bt up th 75= wddis • ]bod `rglcabsd h` : hr 7= mgys
–]dophrgry –]dophrgry Ugrtbgf Mbsgnfdodlt (]UM) • Zddify ndld`bt rdmucdm th chlsbmdr tad `gct tagt tad blsurdm cgl pdr`hro pgrt h` abs whri.
Sbcildss • H``drdm gs gl dxtdlsbhl th UG • ]]M – ]]M – Zddify ndld`bt • Sunkdct th g tbod `rglcabsd • Dxtdlsbhls –Mbsgppdgrglcd –Mbsgppdgrglcd `hr fhljdr tagl gl gjrddm pdrbhm –Odmbcgf –Odmbcgf trdgtodlt –Ahspbtgf –Ahspbtgf ndld`bts usugffy £>4-£45 pdr >=-ahur pdrbhm h` trdgtodlt.
• Dxcfusbhls (Gccbmdlt glm Sbcildss); –tad –tad blsurdm ndblj ulmdr tad bl`fudlcd h`, hr ndblj g``dctdm ny, gfchahf –sdf`-bl`fbctdm –sdf`-bl`fbctdm blkury hr mbsdgsd –cabfmnbrta, –cabfmnbrta, prdjlglcy, vdldrdgf mbsdgsd hr GBMS –prd-dxbstblj –prd-dxbstblj bffldss hr bl`brobty (ulfdss lhtb`bdm th glm chvdr gjrddm ny tad blsurdr) –gccbmdlts –gccbmdlts wabfd pgrtbcbpgtblj bl ohthr cycfblj, rgcblj h` gly i blm (dxcdpt hl `hht), wbltdr sphrts glm ohultgblddrblj (shod h` tadsd cgl nd 'nhujat ngci' ny
Odmbcgf Dxpdlsds • Odmbcgf dxpdlsds chvdr bs usugffy ngsdm hl tad fdvdf h` ndld`bts sdfdctdm, glm prdobuos tdlm th blcrdgsd wbta tad gjd h` tad phfbcyahfmdr. • ]ypbcgf bl-pgtbdlt chvdr blcfumds; –Ahspbtgf cagrjds. ]adsd grd chsts blcurrdm bl surjdry, tadgtrd `dds, chlsuftgtbhls, lursblj glm g`tdr cgrd chsts –Spdcbgfbsts' `dds. Suca gs spdcbgfbst chlsuftgtbhls glm surjdhls' `dds
gonufglcd `dds. – Gmmbtbhlgf chsts. ]adsd blcfumd gonufglcd
• Dxcfusbhls blcfumd; –fhlj-tdro rdsbmdltbgf cgrd –prd-dxbstblj chlmbtbhls (wadrd trdgtodlt ags nddl gmoblbstdrdm wbtabl `bvd ydgrs prbhr th tad mgtd h` chvdr choodlcblj).
AHTSDAHFM BLST^GLCD
Nubfmbljs • Md`bldm gs tad ogbl structurd nut gfsh jgrgjds, sadms, jrddlahusds, hutnubfmbljs, swbooblj phhfs, tdllbs churts, jgrmdl pgtas. • Glytablj yhu whufm lhrogffy fdgvd ndablm hl ohvblj `rho tad ahusd bs gfsh pgrt h` tad nubfmblj, d.j. mhunfd jfgzblj, `bttdm ibtcadls dtc • Blsurdm Udrbfs –@brd, –@brd, fbjatlblj, dxpfhsbhl glm dgrtaqugid. –^bht, –^bht, cbvbf choohtbhl, strbids, fgnhur hr phfbtbcgf mbsturnglcds, ogfbcbhus mgogjd hr vglmgfbso. • Chvdr usugffy dxcfumds fhss hr mgogjd b` tad nubfmblj bs ulhccupbdm `hr ohrd tagl 35 hr 05 mgys, ogfbcbhus mgogjd bs usugffy sunkdct th gl dxcdss.
–Sthro –Sthro hr `fhhm. • Chvdr ulmdr tabs adgmblj spdcb`bcgffy dxcfumds mgogjd cgusdm ny `rhst, sunsbmdlcd, jrhulm adgvd hr fglmsfbp glm mgogjd th `dlcds hr admjds, glm bs usugffy sunkdct th gl dxcdss.
Nubfmbljs –@gffblj –@gffblj trdds hr nrglcads. • Mgogjd th wgffs, jgtds, `dlcds hr admjds wbff nd dxcfumdm.
–Dscgpd –Dscgpd h` wgtdr. • ]abs chvdrs tad nurstblj (`hr dxgopfd, gs g rdsuft h` `rddzblj) hr hvdr`fhwblj h` wgtdr tglis, gppgrgtus hr pbpds, glm blcfumds gly `bxdm mhodstbc dqubpodlt. • Chvdr dxcfumds mgogjd wabfd tad nubfmblj bs ul`urlbsadm hr ulhccupbdm `hr ohrd tagl g cdrtgbl pdrbhm, (35 hr 05 mgys) glm gl dxcdss bs shodtbods bophsdm, gftahuja tabs ogy nd rdohvdm sunkdct th gl gmmbtbhlgf prdobuo.
–Dscgpd –Dscgpd h` hbf. • Mgogjd cgusdm ny dscgpd h` hbf `rho gly `bxdm hbf-`brdm adgtblj systdo bs chvdrdm glm gl ul`urlbsadm/ulhccupbdm dxcfusbhl gppfbds (35 hr 05 mgys).
–]ad`t –]ad`t hr gttdoptdm tad`t. • Chvdr bs usugffy dxcfumdm wabfd tad prdobsds grd fd`t ul`urlbsadm hr Blsurdrs chvdr tad`t ulhccupbdm `hr ohrd tagl 35 hr 05 mgys. (]ad`t bs md`bldm bl tad ]ad`t Gct 7201)
–Bopgct. –Bopgct. • Chvdr mrhppdm tadrd`rho, rhgm vdabcfds, hr glbogfs.
Nubfmbljs –Sunsbmdlcd, jrhulm adgvd hr fglmsfbp. • Tsugffy g fgrjd dxcdss bl tad rdjbhl h` £7,555 gppfbds.
–Nrdgigjd hr chffgpsd h` tdfdvbsbhl hr rgmbh rdcdbvblj gdrbgfs, gdrbgf `bttbljs glm ogsts. • ]abs chvdrs mgogjd th tad nubfmblj cgusdm ny tad chffgpsd h` tad gdrbgfs, nut lht mgogjd th tad gdrbgf btsdf` wabca bs usugffy chvdrdm ulmdr tad chltdlts sdctbhl.
pbpds, cgnfds hr ulmdrjrhulm pbpds. – Gccbmdltgf mgogjd th mrgbls, pbpds, • Chvdrs hbf, jgs, sdwgjd glm mrgbl pbpds, ulmdrjrhulm tdfdpahld, tdfdvbsbhl glm dfdctrbcbty cgnfds sdrvblj tad nubfmblj. gccbmdltgf mgogjd th wgtdr, •
nrdgigjd h` jfgss glm sglbtgry `bxturds. – Gccbmdltgf nrdgigjd • Chvdrs wblmhws, mhhrs, `glfbjats glm siyfbjats hr jrddlahusds, chlsdrvgthrbds glm vdrglmgs `hroblj pgrt h` tad nubfmblj. • gccbmdltgf nrdgigjd h` `bxdm wgsa ngsbls, cbstdrls, ngtas glm htadr gccbmdltgf nrdgigjd h` `bxdm jfgss bl sglbtgry `bttbljs. • ]ad ul`urlbsadm/ulhccupbdm dxcfusbhl gppfbds.
Nubfmbljs –Fdjgf `dds, grcabtdcts' glm survdyhrs' `dds, chst h` mdnrbs rdohvgf. • Chvdrs rdgshlgnfd fdjgf `dds glm grcabtdcts' glm survdyhrs' `dds ldcdssgrbfy blcurrdm bl tad rdblstgtdodlt h` tad nubfmblj `hffhwblj fhss hr mgogjd. • ]ad chsts h` mdohfbtbhl hr sahrblj up tad nubfmblj glm mdnrbs rdohvgf grd gfsh chvdrdm. • Chvdr dxcfumds gly chsts blvhfvdm bl prdpgrblj tad blsurdm's cfgbo.
–Fhss h` rdlt. • ]abs prhvbmds chvdr bl rdspdct h` jrhulm rdlt (gohults pgygnfd ny g fdgsdahfmdr th tad hwldr h` tad `rddahfm) `hr g ogxbouo pdrbhm h` twh ydgrs glm fhss h` rdlt `hr gly pgrt h` tad prdobsds lht hccupbdm ny tad blsurdm wabca ags ndchod ulblagnbtgnfd. • Bt gfsh chvdrs tad rdgshlgnfd chst h` gftdrlgtbvd nut sbobfgr gcchoohmgtbhl wabfd tad prdobsds grd ulblagnbtgnfd gs g rdsuft h` gl blsurdm pdrbf. • G fbobt h` 75%-74% h` tad nubfmbljs suo blsurdm gppfbds. •
– Gccbmdltgf mgogjd. • Tsugffy gs gl hptbhlgf dxtdlsbhl – d``dctbvdfy jrglts ‖Gff ^bsis‟ chvdr.
Chltdlts Blsurglcd • ahusdahfm jhhms glm pdrshlgf d``dcts h` dvdry mdscrbptbhl ndfhljblj th tad blsurdm hr g `gobfy odondr fbvblj bl tad prhpdrty s ogff • Blcfumds cgsa glm stgops (lht pgrt h` g chffdctbhl) up th g sogff fbobt (£755 th £>45. • Sgod pdrbfs gs nubfmbljs • ]ad`t chvdr bs rdstrbctdm th tad`t `hffhwblj `hrcbnfd glm vbhfdlt dltry `hr –Cgsa glm stgops –Zabfd tad nubfmblj bs fdt hr sunfdt.
• Fbobts gly hld grtbcfd (usugffy 4% h` ]SB hl chltdlts) ulfdss spdcb`bdm. • Fbobt hl thtgf vgfugnfds usugffy hld-tabrm h` tad ]SB hl Chltdlts
Chltdlts Blsurglcd • Dxtdlsbhls –]dophrgry –]dophrgry ^dohvgf • Chvdrs chltdlts wabfd tdophrgrbfy rdohvdm `rho ` rho tad nubfmblj nut wbtabl tad chultry. • ]ad`t bs rdstrbctdm th tad`t `rho g sg`d, ngli mdphsbt, hr prbvgtd mwdffblj.
–Cfhtablj –Cfhtablj glm pdrshlgf jhhms h` mhodstbc sdrvglts. – Gccbmdltgf nrdgigjd nrdgigjd h` obrrhrs glm jfgss bl `urlbturd. –Fhss –Fhss h` rdlt.
• Hptbhlgf Dxtdlsbhls – Gccbmdltgf mgogjd mgogjd th dltdrtgblodlt dltdrtgblodlt dqubpodlt9 –gccbmdltgf –gccbmdltgf mgogjd wabfst bl tad chursd h` rdohvgf9 –chst –chst h` rdpfgcblj mhhr fhcis g`tdr tad`t h` idys dtc.
• Dxcfusbhls –prhpdrty –prhpdrty ohrd spdcb`bcgffy blsurdm dfsdwadrd9 –odmgfs –odmgfs glm chbls, ulfdss spdcb`bcgffy blsurdm9 –ohthr –ohthr vdabcfds9 fbvdsthci (htadr tagl ahrsds).
Fbgnbfbty fdjgf fbgnbfbty `hr gccbmdltgf blkury • Gff ahusdahfm phfbcbds gfsh chvdr fdjgf hr gccbmdltgf mgogjd th ogtdrbgf prhpdrty, usugffy wbta g fbobt h` £7 obffbhl pdr cfgbo gs pgrt h` tad ngsbc chvdr; chvdr; • Nubfmbljs; –fbgnbfbty hl hwldr glm fbgnbfbty blcurrdm ulmdr tad Md`dctbvd Urdobsds Gct 72:> `hr `gufts bl prhpdrty `hrodrfy hwldm hr hccupbdm ny tad blsurdm.
• Chltdlts; –fbgnbfbty blcurrdm ny tad blsurdm gs hccupbdr h` tad prhpdrty, glm gt htadr prdobsds usdm `hr tdophrgry ahfbmgy gcchoohmgtbhl.
• Udrshlgf fbgnbfbty ` rho tadbr prdobsds. –chvdr adrd `hr gl blsurdm wabfd gwgy `rho
Hptbhlgf Sdctbhls • Gff ^bsis –Tlspdcb`bdm Btdos • D.j. cfhtablj pdrshlgf d``dcts glm kdwdffdry • Tp th g sbljfd grtbcfd fbobt
–Spdcb`bdm Btdos • dxcddm tad ulspdcb`bdm sbljfd grtbcfd fbobt hr tahsd th wabca spdcbgf tdros gppfy. • D.j. kdwdffdry cgodrgs dtc.
–Dxcfusbhls • wdgr glm tdgr dtc. • blsdcts hr vdrobl • chrrhsbhl, rht, obfmdw, `uljus hr gtohspadrbc chlmbtbhls • gly prhcdss h` adgtblj, mydblj, gftdrgtbhl hr rdpgbr • scrgtcablj, mdltblj, nrdgimhwl, `gufty whrioglsabp/ogtdrbgfs
Hptbhlgf Sdctbhls • Ohldy glm crdmbt cgrms – 'Ohldy' usugffy chvdrs cgsa, cadquds, phstgf hrmdrs, nglidrs' mrg`ts glm phstgjd stgops/cdrtb`bcgtds, prdobuo nhlms, fulcadhl vhucadrs, jb`t thidls glm trgvdf tbcidts. –Blmdolbty bs fbobtdm th ndtwddl £>55-£355 –Dxcfumblj • sahrtgjds mud th drrhr/hobssbhl • fhssds lht rdphrtdm th tad phfbcd wbtabl >= ahurs
–crdmbt cgrm dxtdlsbhl • prhvbmds chvdr bl rdspdct h` `blglcbgf fhss `hffhwblj fhss hr tad`t h` g cgrm glm bts sunsdqudlt obsusd • Dxcfusbhls –ulgutahrbsdm –ulgutahrbsdm usd h` tad crdmbt cgrm ny hld h` tad blsurdm's ahusdahfm9
Hptbhlgf Sdctbhls • Nbcycfds –pdmgf –pdmgf cycfds glm gccdsshrbds hl gl 'gff ' gff rbsis' ngsbs. –Sdpgrgtd –Sdpgrgtd suo blsurdm pdr cycfd hr fbobt (£755-£455) gly hld cycfd –Dxcfumblj –Dxcfumblj • fhss hr mgogjd th pgrts hr gccdsshrbds • usd `hr rgcblj, rgcblj, pgcdogibl pgcdogiblj j hr trbgfs trbgfs • tad`t wabfst ulgttdlmdm, ulfdss sdcurdm
• @rddzdr chltdlts –Chvdr –Chvdr • mdtdrbhrgtbhl h` `rddzdr chltdlts mud th g cagljd bl tdopdrgturd • chltgoblgtbhl gs g rdsuft h` gccbmdltgf dscgpd h` rd`rbjdrglt hr rd`rbjdrglt `uods
–Dxcfusbhls –Dxcfusbhls • `brd, fbjatlblj hr dxpfhsbhl mgogjd • mdfbndrgtd rdstrbctbhl h` suppfy ny tad suppfyblj gutahrbty • wbf`uf hr mdfbndrgtd gct h` tad blsurdm, suca gs turlblj h`` tad suppfy gt tad ogbls • mgogjd g`tdr tad `rddzdr ags rdgcadm, sgy, s gy, 74 ydgrs.
Hptbhlgf Sdctbhls • Cgrgvgls –Chvdr • Gff rbsis h` gccbmdltgf fhss h` hr mgogjd th tad cgrgvgl, bts `bxturds glm `bttbljs • Cfhtablj glm pdrshlgf d``dcts wabfst tad prhpdrty bs bl tad cgrgvgl, gwlblj hr thwblj vdabcfd. • Fbgnbfbty `hr nhmbfy blkury hr mgogjd th prhpdrty cgusdm ny hr bl chlldctbhl wbta tad cgrgvgl up th g fbobt h` blmdolbty h`, sgy £7 obffbhl. o bffbhl.
–Dxcfusbhls • ]ypbcgf 'gff rbsis' dxcfusbhls, suca gs wdgr glm tdgr dtc • tad`t wabfst fd`t ulgttdlmdm, ulfdss cfhsdm glm fhcidm • cgrgvgls `hr abrd hr rdwgrm • wabfst hl nusbldss usd • sthro hr `fhhm mgogjd th gl gwlblj
Hptbhlgf Dxtdlsbhls • Sogff crg`t –vdssdfs lht dxcddmblj 70 `ddt hvdrgff glm wbta mdsbjl spddms lht dxcddmblj 7: ilhts (>5 opa) –Chvdr • gccbmdltgf fhss hr mgogjd th crg`t, ogcabldry glm dqubpodlt • pdrshlgf d``dcts • sgfvgjd cagrjds
h` , sgy, £7 obffbhl. • fbgnbfbty th tabrm pgrtbds glm pgssdljdrs; wbta g fbobt h` blmdolbty h`,
–Dxcfusbhls • usd `hr abrd hr rdwgrm, hr nusbldss purphsds
do pfhydds • fbgnbfbty `hr blkury th dopfhydds • tad`t h` hutnhgrm ohthrs, jdgr glm dqubpodlt, sunkdct th sdcurbty.
Hptbhlgf Dxtdlsbhls • Sphrts Dqubpodlt –gccbmdltgf fhss h` hr mgogjd th sphrts dqubpodlt glm spdcbgfbst sphrts cfhtablj –Dxcfusbhls • ohthr vdabcfds, trgbfdrs, cgrgvgls, nhgts dtc. • fbvblj crdgturds • lhl-spdcbgfbst sphrts cfhtablj • pdmgf cycfds • jhf` ngffs • cgopblj dqubpodlt • dqubpodlt `hr cdrtgbl agzgrmhus pursubts suca gs pgrgcautblj glm ohultgblddrblj.
Hptbhlgf Dxtdlsbhls • Udrshlgf gccbmdlt, ahspbtgf cgsa ndld`bt glm crdmbthr blsurglcd –pdrshlgf gccbmdlt glm/hr sbcildss, rdmulmglcy hr uldopfhyodlt h` tad blsurdm hr g odondr h` tad ahusdahfm –blgnbfbty th chltblud crdmbt blstgffodlt pgyodlts bl tad dvdlt h` rdmulmglcy hr uldopfhyodlt (tbod dxcdss h` hld ohlta gppfbds)
• Mhodstbc Glbogfs –Chvdr bs gvgbfgnfd `hr ahrsds, phlbds, mhodstbc cgts glm mhjs – Dxgopfds h` rbsis; mdgta `rho gccbmdlt, sbcildss hr mbsdgsd, dchlhobc sfgujatdr glm fhss ny tad`t hr strgyblj.
Hptbhlgf Dxtdlsbhls • Fdjgf dxpdlsds –^dchvdry chsts; • `hr fdjgf gctbhl tgidl th dl`hrcd tad fdjgf rbjats h` tad blsurdm gjgblst tabrm pgrtbds.
–Cbvbf md`dlcd chsts; • `hr tad md`dlcd h` c drtgbl typds h` cbvbf cfgbos lht chvdrdm ny htadr `hros h` blsurglcd.
–Urhsdcutbhl md`dlcd chsts; • `hr tad md`dlcd h` c drtgbl crboblgf cagrjds wabca ogy grbsd `rho ulwbttblj gcts h` tad blsurdm.
–Dopfhyodlt mbsputd chsts.
• Fbobt h` blmdolbty bs usugffy £45,555 • Dxcfusbhls –cfgbos rdfgtblj th dvdlts hccurrblj hutsbmd tad TI, tad Caglldf Bsfglms glm tad Bsfd h` Ogl – Gppdgfs –chsts glm dxpdlsds lht gjrddm ny tad blsurdr –cfgbos grbsblj hut h` tad blsurdm's nusbldss, mdfbndrgtd hr crboblgf gct hr hobssbhl, fbndf glm sfglmdr, mbvhrcd hr ogtrbohlbgf ogttdrs glm mbsputds ndtwddl fglmfhrm glm tdlglt.
@fhhm ^d • ]abs bs g phhf sbobfgr th Uhhf ^d th chvdr `fhhmblj h` ahods bl tad TI • Bt bs dxpdctdm th chvdr up th 345,555 ahusdahfms (dstbogtdm th nd tad thp 7->% h` abja rbsi prhpdrtbds), glm dlsurd gccdss th g``hrmgnfd `fhhm chvdr wbtahut pulbtbvd dxcdssds glm/hr ngrrbdrs th blmdolbty. • `ulmdm ny g fdvy `rho @fhhm ^d odondr blsurdrs • Chst pgssdm hl th phfbcyahfmdrs • abja-rbsi grdgs wbff pgy gl blcrdgsdm prdobuo b opgctdm ny ogkhr dvdlts, tad TI jhvdrlodlt wbff • B` tad phhf bs bopgctdm stdp bl gs gl blsurdr h` fgst rdshrt. • Lht ydt sdt up (Gprbf >570)
]^GPDF BLST^GLCD
Chvdr • Udrshlgf gccbmdlt ndld`bts; usugffy £75,555-£>4,555 `hr mdgta, fhss h` dyds/fbons, hr pdrogldlt thtgf mbsgnfdodlt. Agzgrmhus gctbvbtbds grd dxcfumdm nut cgl nd blcfumdm gt gl gmmbtbhlgf prdobuo • Odmbcgf glm gsshcbgtdm dxpdlsds • Fhss h` mdphsbts, b.d. b` tad ahfbmgy bs cglcdffdm mud th ldcdssgry glm ulgvhbmgnfd ahfbmgy cglcdffgtbhl • Ngjjgjd, pdrshlgf d``dcts glm ohldy • Udrshlgf fbgnbfbty • Mdfgydm ngjjgjd • Ahspbtgf cgsa ndld`bts • ]rgvdf bltdrruptbhl • ]rgvdf mdfgy.
Dxtdlsbhls • Dxtdlsbhls –@gbfurd h` thur hrjglbsdr –Fgci h` sdrvbcds hr godlbtbds –Fhss h` pgssphrt –Fdjgf dxpdlsds.
• Dxcfusbhls –prdjlglcy glm cabfmnbrta, paysbcgf hr odltgf md`dct, subcbmd, –chl`bscgtdm fujjgjd –mgogjd th `rgjbfd hnkdcts. –Tsugf Gff ^bsis dxcfusbhls
DQ]DLMDM ZG^^GL]BDS
Dxtdlmdm Zgrrgltbds s hod fgrjd gutahrbsdm • ]adsd phfbcbds, bssudm ny blsurdrs glm shod rdtgbfdrs, chvdr `rdd rdpgbrs `hffhwblj dfdctrbcgf glm odcaglbcgf md`dcts. • rdpgbrs oust nd cgrrbdm hut ny tad suppfbdr • typbcgf suo blsurdm bs gpprhxbogtdfy £>,455. • Dxcfusbhls –Ldjfbjdlt aglmfblj glm/hr `gbfurd th chopfy wbta oglu`gcturdrs' blstructbhls. –^bsis lhrogffy chvdrdm ny g ahusdahfm chltdlts phfbcy. –Zgr dtc. –Chst h` rdpgbrs th nufns, gdrbgfs, dxtdrlgf wbrds, ilhns, aglmfds, mrbvblj ndfts, dtc.
Gmm-hl phfbcbds glm glm Crhss Sdffblj • Ndld`bts tagt grd jrgltdm ulmdr g ahusdahfm phfbcy grd lht sunkdct th tad Gct.
Ahwdvdr, b` g phfbcy bs b s crhss shfm hr gl • Ahwdvdr, gmm-hl wadl purcagsblj glhtadr cfgss h` blsurglcd whufm nd sunkdct th tad Gct. • @hr dxgopfd; dxpdlsds phfbcy gs gl gmm-hl th g – G fdjgf dxpdlsds ohthr phfbcy whufm nd sunkdct th tad Gct. – Gl dxtdlmdm wgrrglty gs gl gmm-hl wadl hld nuys g wgsablj ogcabld whufm nd sunkdct th tad Gct.
CHLSTOD^ ^BJA]S G C] >574 Gly glcbffgry prhmucts glm sdrvbcds h``drdm gt phblt h` sgfd, oust nd g``brodm phsbtbvdfy ny g custhodr, rgtadr tagl shfm gssuoptbvdfy hr wbtahut bt ndblj cfdgr tagt g cahbcd dxbsts th lht tgid tad chvdr. ]ad Gct gfsh sdts hut cfdgrfy tagt suca glcbffgry phfbcbds oust nd cglcdffdm bl tad dvdlt tagt tad ogbl phfbcy bs cglcdffdm
