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Digital India is the result of numerous advancements and innovative headways. These change the lives of individuals from numerous points of view and will engage the general public in a superior way. The Digital India program, an activity of respectab
Globalization in Philippines
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EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON MUDS Agip KCO
Well Area Operations Drilling Supervisors Training Course
Drilling Muds
RPW2021A
1
EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON MUDS When exposed to high temperatures, all muds become thinner then stabilize before reaching their thermal limit. When static downhole temperatures become excessive, both gelation and excessive viscosity become major concerns. Rheological properties affect many downhole parameters, including Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD), hole cleaning, barite sag, surge/swab pressures during tripping, pump pressures and bit hydraulics.
A preventive study has to be conducted when a well has to be drilled in HT-HP condition. It concerns measurement of rheology and it is run using a VIRTUAL hydraulics programme to estimate and if necessary, modify the behaviour of the fluids
Agip KCO
Well Area Operations Drilling Supervisors Training Course
Drilling Muds
RPW2021A
2
EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON MUDS Rheology takes on an even greater importance in deep HTHP wells where the typically smaller hole diameter increases ECD pressures.
Thermal thinning of water-base mud compared to water
Agip KCO
Well Area Operations Drilling Supervisors Training Course
Drilling Muds
RPW2021A
3
EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON MUDS
Abnormal pressure in HTHP wells require high mud density. The risk of becoming differentially stuck increases in an HTHP well because the mud weight needed to control pressures may be much higher than the pressure in other exposed formations. Excessive viscosity and gelation increases the possibility of lost circulation. Contamination also will have a destabilizing affect on filtration control and will reduce the thermal stability.
Agip KCO
Well Area Operations Drilling Supervisors Training Course
Drilling Muds
RPW2021A
4
EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON MUDS The lubricity of the filter cake is an important factor in avoiding stuck pipe, especially in extended-reach, high- angle wells.
Effect of bentonite concentration on thermal stability
Agip KCO
Well Area Operations Drilling Supervisors Training Course
Drilling Muds
RPW2021A
5
EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON MUDS In water based mud system Conventional WBM are sensitive to temperature, but are not very compressible. Active clays can promote gelation and other rheological problems at high temperatures for HT-HP applications. When a WBM system is designed, bentonite concentration must be kept low (5 lb/bbl for 18 lbs/gal MUD)
Conventional treatment to WBM in HT ambient: • Addition of thermal rheological stabilizers (anionics). • Addition of thermally stable fluid loss additives. • Maintaining Ph as much stable as possible. • Prevent contamination of CO2 (from degradation of lignite/lignosulfonate) by addition of lime.
Agip KCO
Well Area Operations Drilling Supervisors Training Course
Drilling Muds
RPW2021A
6
EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON MUDS
Agip KCO
Well Area Operations Drilling Supervisors Training Course
Drilling Muds
RPW2021A
7
EFFECT OF THE TEMPERATURE ON MUDS IN OBM SYSTEM Oil-based systems are sensitive to both temperature and pressure. Oil-based fluids thin with increasing of temperature and expand, so downhole viscosity and density will be different from that measured on the surface. Fortunately, this situation is compensated by the compression due to high pressure and high density. Conventional treatment from OBM in HT situation: • Use of special high temperature organophilic clay. • Addition of high-temperature asphaltic fluid loss (5 to 15 lb/bbl). • Maintain an excess lime content higher than usual (>10 lb/bbl). In HTHP well there are some limitations while using OBM: • If lost circulation occurs, it is more difficult (and more expensive) to control the problem. • Barite settling in case of decrease in viscosity (for gas influx). • Kick detection. It Is more problematic because of the solubility of the gas in the OBM
Agip KCO
Well Area Operations Drilling Supervisors Training Course
