ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING The purpose of this standard
Local and Global sizes
ISO 14405-1: 2011
This his standard ard specif cifies the dimensional tolerancin cing rule rules: s: line linear ar sizes izes Requirement of envelope
ISO 14405-2: 2012 Angular size
This his standard specif cifies the dimensional tol toleranc ancing rule ules: dimensions other than linear sizes
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING The purpose of this standard
Local and Global sizes
ISO 14405-1: 2011
This his standard ard specif cifies the dimensional tolerancin cing rule rules: s: line linear ar sizes izes Requirement of envelope
ISO 14405-2: 2012 Angular size
This his standard specif cifies the dimensional tol toleranc ancing rule ules: dimensions other than linear sizes
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Outline
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
Local and glo bal sizes sizes
Envelop Envelop e requi requi rement rement and assoc assoc iated specification m odif iers
Ang An g u l ar s i ze
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Featur Featuree of size size A feature of size is a geometric shape (cylinder, sphere, two parallel and opposite surfaces, cone or wedge) defined by a linear or angular dimension of standard size Local and Global sizes
A A - A
c
Requirement of envelope
a A
Angular size
b
a, b and c => nominal lin ea earr di mensions of st andard size The size is an intrinsi c characteristic of a feature feature of size a: size of the internal dimensio nal entity (diameter (diameter of th e hole) b, c: sizes of external dimension al entities (distance between 2 planes// planes// opposit e sides) d: d imension between between 2 secant pl ane anes s (angle between 2 planes)
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING The local size between two points 1 . 0
The line which joins the two points is perpendicular to the median plane
0 1
Local and Global global sizes
P1
Requirement of envelope
d 12
P2 Angular size
P1P2 = d12 = local size
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Compliance 1 . 0
0 1
The part is compliant with this specification if all the local sizes are greater than or equal to 9.9 (LLS) and less than or equal to 10.1 (ULS)
Local and Global sizes
P1
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
P5
P3
d 12
P6
P4
P2
9.9
d 56
d 34
d ij
10.1
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Case of a cylinder 1 , 0
±
The sections are perpendicular to the axis of associated cylinder
0 1 Ø
Les Local tailles and locales Global et globales sizes
The line joining the two points pass through the centre of associated circle P
Requirement of envelope
P1 d12
Angular size
P2
P1P2 = d12 = local size
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Compliance The part is compliant with this specification if all the local sizes are greater than or equal to 9.9 and less than or equal to 10.1
1 . 0
±
0 1 Ø
Local and Global sizes
Pi
P4 P6
P1
Requirement of envelope
d34
d12
d56 P5
Angular size
9.9
d ij
10,1
P2 P3
dij = local size
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Practice 100.1
What are the sizes?
2 . 0
2 1
2 . 0
Local and Global sizes
8
1 . 0
280.2
5
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
The two poin ts must exist
Why?
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Practice
Local and Global sizes
50.2
2 . 0
Requirement of envelope
0 1
Angular size
Tolerancing not to be used
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Different sizes Two-point size Local size
Spherical size Local and Global sizes sizes
Section size Size characteristic
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
Portion size Calculated size Least-square size
Global size
Direct global size Indirect global size
GG
Min. circumscribed size Max. inscribed size
GX
GN
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING LP modifier: Two-point size
Local and Global sizes
1 . 0
1 . 0
0 1 Ø
0 1
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope P L
P L
1 . 0
1 . 0
0 1 Ø
0 1
Angular size
When no modifier is indicated, the default specification operator size is the two-point size 9,9
d ij
10,1
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Local spherical size LS S L 1 . 0
±
The spherical size is the diameter of the inscribed maximum sphere
0 1 Ø
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
9,9 Angular size
SØd i
10.1
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Local size in a section B-B
B
A
A-A
Many association criteria are possible: circumscribed minimum size GN inscribed maximum size GX
Local and Global sizes
B
Requirement of envelope e r a u q s t s a e l
Angular size
t
A
least squares size GG
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Local size of a SCS specific section The specific section is placed on the element with a dimension Ø 20 ±0.2 SCS
10
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
Ø 20 ±0.2
10
A -A A
Ø 20 ±0.2 GG SCS
Angular size
10
A
The SCS modifier must be displayed in the specific cross section
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Local size of any cross section - ACS A -A A
Ø 20 ±0.1 GG ACS
Local Local and and Global Global sizes
A Requirement of envelope +0.1 Ø 150 -0.2 GX ACS
Angular size
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Size of a portion Fixed specific restricted portion
Any restricted portion +0.1 Ø 150 -0.2 GX / 10
1 . 0
±
0 2 Ø
Local Local and and Global Global sizes sizes 12
Requirement of envelope
25
B
or
A 1 . 0
+0.1 Ø 150 -0.2 GX / 10 A
±
0 2 Ø
B 5
Angular size A 0 4
12
B
25 A
B
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Local size modifiers local size
modifier
examples 10±0.1
Local and Global sizes
size between two points
LP
spherical size
LS
size of any section
ACS
Requirement of envelope
LP
10±0.1
10±0.1
+0.2 10 - 0.1
LS
GX ACS
10 ±0.1 SCS Angular size
size of a specific section
size of a portion
SCS
length
10±0.1 GG SCS
10±0.1 GN /30
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Direct global size 1 . 0
±
0 1
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
Many association criteria are possible: minimum circumscribed size GN maximum inscribed size GX least-squares size GG
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Influence of the extracted features 1 . 0
±
0 1
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Direct global size 1 . 0
10
0.1
±
0 1
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
10
GN : minimum circumscribed size
0.1 GX : maximum inscribed size 10
0.1 GG : least-squares size
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Direct global sizes GX
Local and Global sizes
X G 1 . 0
±
0 1 Ø
maximum inscribed size
Ø 9.9
Ø d1
Ø10.1
GN Requirement of envelope
N G 1 . 0
±
0 1 Ø
minimum circumscribed size
Ø 9.9
Ø d2
Ø10.1
Angular size
GG G G 1 . 0
±
0 1 Ø
least-squares size
Ø 9.9
Ø d3
Ø10.1
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Direct global sizes X N G G 1 . . 1 0 0 + 0 1
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
The specification operators can be applied distinctly for the upper and lower size limits
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING The relation between shape - tolerance 19.50.2
The assembly o f co mpliant parts is no t always possibl e
Local and Global sizes
200.2 Requirement of envelope
Angular size
The dimensional tolerancing does not l imit the shape defects
20.2
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Limitation and report
It is recommended to limit the linear dimensional tolerancing: Local and Global sizes
- with two planar type surfaces which are plane parallel - or with another cylindrical type surface Requirement of envelope
Comments:
Angular size
Both the points must exist
The shape defect influences the capability
The dimensional tolerancing does not limit the shape defects
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Requirement housing
flange
Local and Global sizes
The assembly must be ensured 100% If both the surfaces do not go beyond their envelope and th at D1 and d1 are compatib le then the assembly is ensur ed
Requirement of envelope
1
D Ø Angular size
envelope
The envelope requi rement i mpli es that the envelope's perfect shape for th e maximum m aterial dim ension o f the element must not b e exceeded
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Definition The envelope requi rement i mpli es that the envelope's perfect shape for th e maximum material di mension of th e element mu st no t be exceeded Local and Global sizes
The envelope is the perfect shape to the dimension with maximum material
1 . 0 ± 0 1
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
condition of maximum material
1 . 0 1
1 . 0 1
local dimension d i 9.9 di
condition of maximum envelope material in perfect geometry
10.1
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Notation
The envelope requirement can be indicated - either by the symbol E following the linear tolerance
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
- or by the reference to the standard 14405: ISO 14405 E size
1 . 0 ± 0 1
E 1 . 0 ± 0 1
ISO 14405
ISO 14405 size
Angular size
Field of application: The envelope requirement can be applied with one dimensional entity, or a cylinder, or an element created by two plane and parallel surfaces
E
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Compliance E 1 . 0 ± 0 1
Local and Global sizes
The part is compliant with this specification if all the local dimensions are between 9.9 and 10.1 and if the element does not protrude beyond its envelope envelope
Requirement of envelope
1 . 0 1 Angular size
A single specification but tw o conditions
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Examples E 1 . 0 ± 0 1
The part is compliant with this specification if the two conditions are validated
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
Non c ompliant Angular size
Compliant
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING The notation with modifiers The envelope requirement can be indicated by using two modifiers Local and Global sizes
- external dimensional entity: 0 165 -0.25 E
Requirement of envelope
equivalent to
0 GN 165 -0.25 LP
- internal dimensional entity: + 0.25 165 0 E
equivalent to
+0.25 LP 165 0 GX
Angular size
RENAULT: Recommends writing with
E
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Compliance N P G L 1 . 1 . 0 0 + 0 1
Local and Global sizes
The part is compliant with this specification if all the local dimensions are greater than or equal to 9.9 and if the element does not protrude beyond its envelope Circumscribed minimum size
Requirement of envelope
1 . 0 1 Angular size
A single specification includes two modifiers but two conditions
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Inspection E 1 . 0 ± 0 1
Local and Global sizes
N P G L 1 . 1 . 0 0 + 0 1
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
The part is compliant with this specification if all the local dimensions are between 9.9 and 10.1 and if the part passes between two parallel planes at a distance of 10.1
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Case of a cylinder The envelope is the perfect shape to the dimension with maximum material
E 1 . 0 ± 0 1 Ø
Local and Global sizes
N P G L 1 . 1 . 0 0 + 0 1
Requirement of envelope
condition of maximum material
Angular size
local dimension di 9.9 di
10.1
condition of maximum materialenvelope in perfect geometry
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Compliance E 1 . 0 ± 0 1 Ø
Local and Global sizes
N P G L 1 . 1 . 0 0 + 0 1
The part is compliant with this specification if all the local dimensions are between 9.9 and 10.1 and if the element does not exceed its envelope
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
envelope
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Inspection E 1 . 0 ± 0 1 Ø
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
The part is compliant with this specification if all the local dimensions are between 9.9 and 10.1
and if the part passes through a perfect bore of diameter 10.1
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Bore
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
E 2 . 0 ± 0 2 Ø P X L G 2 . 2 . 0 0 + 0 2 Ø
The part is compliant with this specification if all the local dimensions are between 19.8 and 20.2 and if the element does not protrude beyond its envelope
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING The link between dimensions and shape E 2 . 0 ± 0 2
The envelope requirement creates a link between the local dimension and the shape
Local and Global sizes
Requirement of envelope
5 0 . 0
4 . 0
5 1 . 0 2
8 . 9 1 Angular size
The closer the local dimension approaches to the maximum material value, the less the shape defect should be.
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Assembly 19.50.2 E
Local and Global sizes
200.2 E Requirement of envelope
Angular size
- The assembly is completely possibl e - The assembly may require a specific direction
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Angular size
In all the cross sections, the angular distance between the two associated lines must be included between 58 and 62
60° ±2° Local and Global sizes
Plane parallel to the projection plane
P
P Requirement of envelope
Angular size Angular size
The orientation of each section is defined by maximising the angle between the two straight lines in contact
58
62
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Angular distance between two integral elements t 2
B
A
B
Local and Global sizes
A
(a): Ambigu ous
(b): Non-ambiguous
Requirement of envelope
A B
Angular size
Examples t 3
B A
(c): Non-ambiguous
t 4 CZ
(d): Non-ambiguous
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Linear distance between two integral elements L ± t 1
The use of geometric tolerancing is used to remove the ambiguity of the tolerancing in ± of two integral elements of type « step »
Local and Global sizes
t 3 A
Requirement of envelope
L
L
L
A
t 2 A
t 4 CZ
A
Angular size
Examples
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Linear distance between two integral elements L ± t 1
The use of geometric tolerancing is used to remove the ambiguity of the tolerancing in ± for two integral elements facing each other
Local and Global sizes
t 2 A
Requirement of envelope L
t 3 A L
L
A
Angular size A
Examples
t 4 CZ
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Linear distance between an integral element and a derived element or between two derived elements L ± t 1
t 2 A
A
Local and Global sizes L
Linear distance between an integral element and a derived element
A
t 2 A
Requirement of envelope L ± t 1 L
2x t 3
Angular size
Examples
Linear distance between two derived elements L
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Dimension of the radius R10 ± t 1
Local and Global sizes R10
t 2
Requirement of envelope
Angular size
Examples
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Linear distance between two non-planar integral elements R50 ± t 2
Local and Global sizes
1
t
± L
R50
R40 ± t 2
Requirement of envelope
t 3 CZ
L
Angular size
Examples
t 4
R40
ISO 14405 –DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCING Linear distance in two directions
