400-200 kV Substation Design

“ D esign of 400/ 220kV Sub-station” S.M. MUJUMDAR

27th April 2005

General Manager (sub-station Engineering) Engineering) Jyoti Structures Ltd., Mumbai

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Agenda 

Overview of 400kV sub-station

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Design Process

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Design considerations

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Question / Answer















Imp. considerations in substation design   

Safety of personnel and equipment equipment Reliability Reliability and Security Adherence to obligations  Statutory obligations – I.E. rules, rules, Environme Environmental ntal aspects aspects Electrical design considerations considerations  Structural design considerations Ease of maintenance maintenance 

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System parameters Sr. Description

400kV

220kV

1.

Nominal system voltage

400kV

220kV

2.

Max. operating voltage

420kV

245kV

3.

Rated frequency

50Hz

50Hz

4.

Number of phases

3

3

5.

System neutral earthing

Effectively earthed

6.

Corona Extinction voltage

320kV

156kV

7.

Min. Creepage distance

25mm/kV

25mm/kV















System parameters Contd.. Sr.

Description

400kV

220kV

11.

Rated insulation levels i) Full wave impulse withstand voltage -- for lines lines -- for reacto reactor/ r/ X’mer X’mer -- for other other equipment equipments s

1550kVp 1300kVp 1425kVp

1050kVp 950kVp 1050kVp

ii) Switching impulse withstand voltage (dry/wet) (dry/wet) iii) One min. power freq. withstand voltage (dry/wet) (dry/wet)

1050kVp

Remarks















Substation Bird’s view

















400kV Circuit Breaker

















400kV I sol ola ator

















400kV Current Transformer

















400kV CVT

















400kV Surge Arrester



































































































































































































































































































Civil layout





























Lighting Design 



Adequate lighting is necessary for safety of working personnel and O&M activities Recommended value of Illumination level Cont Co ntro roll & Relay elay pa pane nell area rea - 35 350 0 Lux Lux (at (at flo floor lev level) el)  Test laboratory - 300 Lux   Battery room - 100 Lux Other indoor area - 15 150 Lux   Switchyard - 50 Lux (main equipment)

- 20 Lux (balan (balance ce Area Area / road road @ ground level)















Single Bus arrangement















Single Bus System Merits

Demerits

Remarks

1. Low cost

1. Fault of bus or any circuit breaker results in shut-down of entire substation

1. Used for distribution substations up to 33kV

2. Simple to Operate

2. Difficult to do any maintenance

2. Not used for large substations.

3. Simple Protection

3. Bus cannot be extended without completely deenergizing substations

3. Sectionalizing increases flexibility

4. Can be used only where

















Main & Transfer Bus

















Main & trans nsff er Bus Busba barr sys ysttem Merits 1. Low initial & ultimate cost

Demerits 1. Requires one extra breaker coupler

Remarks 1. Used for 110kV substations where cost of duplicate bus

















Double Busbar arrangement

















Double Bus Bar Single Breaker system Merits

Demerits

1. High flexibility

1. Extra bus-coupler circuit breaker necessary.

2. Half of the feeders

2. Bus protection scheme

Remarks 1. Most widely used for 66kV, 132kv, 220kV

















Double Busbar with Double breaker



















Double Bus Bar Double Breaker system



















Double main & transfer





































One & ha hallf br bre eaker sche cheme me



























































































































































































































400-200 kV Substation Design

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