Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Upload
Sign In
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
LOVELY PROFFESTIONAL UNIVERSITY LOVELY SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT
MASTER OF BUISNESS APPLICATION APPLICATION MGT 519 Operations Management
TERM PAPER To study the procedural methodology methodology of Sign up to vote on this title
production & control of the sugar industry Useful Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
305 views
0
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
305 views
0
Upload
Sign In
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
ACKNOWLEGMENT It is our immense pleasure to present the Term Paper on To Study the Procedural Methodology of Production Planning & Central of The Sugar Industry
Here we would like to express our deep sense of gratitude to our You're Reading a Preview
Respected faculty
Unlock full access with a free trial.
Asst Proff. Nitin Dhir Download With Free Trial
For his timely guidance, valuable support and encouragement at every step
preparing this term paper. We would also like to thank our lecturers, facult members and all those persons who have directly or indirectly helped us in providing the books and amenities which have helped Sign up to vote on this title in Not useful Usefulsuch help development of this term paper, without this
report would not have been possible.
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
305 views
0
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
CONTENTS 1. Introduction
:
Indian Sugar Industry
:
Global Sugar Industry
:
2. Yeilds
:
3. Seasonal Nature Of Production
:
4. Setting up Sugar Factory
:
5. Operation & mangment
:
6. Plant layout
:
7. Industrial Process Based Classification of Sugar
:
Reading a Preview 8. Manufactring Process ofYou're Raw Sugar
:
Unlock full access with a free trial.
:
Manufactring Process
Precaution to be taken during manufacturing of raw sugar Download With Free Trial
:
9. Manufacturing Of refined Sugar
:
10.Sequence of steps in sugar production
:
11.Cleaner technologies
:
12.Significance of polluted Genreted
:
13.References
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
:
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
INTRODUCTION Indian Sugar Industry
India is the largest consumer and second largest producer of sugar in the world (Source: U
Foreign Agricultural Service). The Indian sugar industry is the second largest agro-ind
located in the rural India. The Indian sugar industry has a turnover of Rs. 500 billion per an
and it contributes almost Rs. 22.5 billion to the central and state ex-chequer as tax, and e
duty every year (Source: Ministry of Food, Government of India). It is the second largest a
processing industry in the country after cotton textiles. With 453 operating sugar mi
different parts of the country, Indian sugar industry has been a focal point for socio-econ development in the rural areas.
The industry not only generates power for its own requirement but surplus power for expo
the grid based on byproduct bagasse. It also produces ethanol, an ecology friendly renewable energy for blending with petrol. The sugar industry in the country uses
sugarcane as input, hence sugar Companies have been established in large sugarcane gro
states like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, You'reKarnataka, Reading a Gujarat, Preview Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Prad These six states contribute more than 85% of total sugar production in the country; U Unlock full access with a free trial.
Pradesh and Maharashtra together contribute more than 57% of total production.
Download With Free Trial Indian sugar industry has grown horizontally with large number of small sized sugar plant
up throughout the country as opposed to the consolidation of capacity in the rest of
important sugar producing countries, where greater emphasis has been laid on larger cap of sugar plants.
Global Sugar Industry
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Brazil and India are the largest sugar producing countries followed by China, USA, Thai
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Yields
The yield of gur from sugar cane depends mostly on the quality of the cane and the efficien the extraction of juice. The table below gives some extreme values. High quality cane
Poor quality cane
Juice per 100kg of cane
50kg
40kg
% sugar in juice
22
17
Gur per 100kg of cane
10kg
7kg
High quality cane has a good juice content with high sugar levels (20%+). Poor quality can
cane that has been harvested early may have similar juice content but the sugar levels w reduced.
The efficiency with which juice can be extracted from the cane is limited by the techno used. The simple three roller crushers used by most artisanal producers will never extract
than 50kg of juice from each 100kg of cane.Yields are also improved by careful control o You're Reading a Preview boiling process. Boiling should be completed as rapidly as possible and the conditions ke clean as possible.
Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial
Seasonal nature of production
Sugarcane and sugar production is seasonal with more than 90% of sugarcane and s
production in the winter months of November-March. The sugarcane crushing season las Sign up to vote on this title an average of 100-150 days per annum depending on the region, weather, irrigation
Useful
Not useful
cultivation practices as well as cane availability, in itself a function of the prices paid to growers.
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Upload
Sign In
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Setting up a sugar factory Types of sugar factory
Service extraction All is required is a site for the crusher and a space to build the furn Farmers, growers and merchants provide the raw material for processing and packaging.
take the risk of poor preparation and problems associated with inadequate storage
packaging. The processors charge a rate per unit of cane crushed or juice processed pay either in cash or percentage of the output or both.
The farmers can then rent the furnace or build their own close to the crusher site and pro syrup or jaggery, keeping control of the quality of the product. They could return to the and process the juice there or could pay others to process the juice for them.
This type of system is relatively low-cost and is suited to small scale production of up to 50
in areas where cane is grown during short seasons on small plots spread out over a wide ar
Independent sugar factoryThe factory buys in sugar cane and is then responsible for all asp
of preparation, processing and marketing the product. This type of business needs a rel You're Reading a Preview and constant supply of cane of acceptable quality. Although the factory could grow its access with a free trial. cane it is more usual for it to buy inUnlock cane full from various sources including: y
Download With Free Trial direct from individual farmers/growers
y
agricultural co-operatives or groups
y
private traders or companies
Because the cane quality deteriorates quickly after harvest, it is important that the supplier
to vote on titlecontinually w contracted to supply cane at given times. This enablesSign theup factory to this work
useful is suitabl Useful type Not minimising the time harvested cane is allowed to stand.This of factory
medium scale production of between 50 and 500 TCD where cane is available all year roun
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Upload
Sign In
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Operation and management
Costs Sugar production, even at the small scale, is a complex business which requires sk
people to manage and supervise all aspects of the production, from the collection of can
the delivery of sugar to the market place. If these skills are not available locally then the
have to be brought in to set up the business and to train staff, which will add cost to project.
The costs involved with any sugar factory need to be taken into account. Small se
extraction factories are the cheapest option but will require a crusher, boiling pan and fur and some means of driving the crusher.
Although OPS is a low-cost option compared to large-scale production plants, it still req
substantial investment. In addition, there would be costs involved with opera maintenance, transport and marketing.
EnergySugar production uses a great deal of energy to boil the juice as well as that require
operate crushers and other equipment. In most cases sugar factories rely on bagasse a
main fuel for the boiling process and care is required, especially with open pan system You're Reading a Preview ensure that sufficient bagasse is available. Unlock full access with a free trial.
For most small to medium-scale single or multi-pan factories producing lump sugars or sy Download With Free Trial producing granular sugars, there is usually sufficient bagasse. In larger multi-pan factories
as OPS, it is often difficult to obtain enough bagasse. In these situations additional fu
required which may be bagasse obtained from another factory or wood. Using forced-dra
shell furnaces, as developed for OPS factories, it is possible to obtain a fuel balance fo boiling operation (first sugar only) using bagasse.
Sign up to vote on this title
useful Useful Not To operate the crushers, crystallisers, centrifuges and other powered equipment, an addit
energy source is required. This may be electricity or diesel, both of which add to the total
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Transportation :Transport may be required to bring cane from the fields to the factory
also to take the product to market. If motor vehicles are used then capital, maintenance operating costs must be added to the cost of the product. If animal powered transport is
then hire charges and feed costs are also applicable. There may also be costs associated the loss of the draft animal to other duties.
MaintenanceEquipment cannot be operated effectively without proper maintenance
repair. Engines, electric motors, crushers and permanently sited furnaces will all need ro maintenance if they are to operate efficiently.
Crusher rollers will wear with time and require re-machining which necessitates access
workshop with a lathe. Usually, rolls can only be re-machined once after which they will b
small for effective crushing. Therefore spare rolls or facilities for refacing old rolls wi required. Other spares such as bearings and gears may also be required.
Therefore due consideration must be given to the provision of maintenance. Several op are available to the factory: provide its own spares buy spares from local suppliers
You're Reading a Preview Unlock full access with a free trial.
import from outside the region or country. Download With Free Trial
Sugar caneSuitable sugar cane must be available if a factory is to be efficiently oper
Because of local conditions and circumstances it may not be possible to grow the best ty cane and so a compromise will have to be made. Investigatory work can be undertaken
local agricultural research centres or, if possible, established sugar factories which will alr Sign up to vote on this title
have undertaken research into varieties suitable for processing. After selecting a sui
Useful
Not useful
variety it will be necessary to test it to ensure that it will succeed under local condit
However, introducing a new variety of cane into an area may have a number of prob
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
addition, the growing season may be shorter than the operational period of a factory an
farmers may have to grow cane over a longer period to meet demand. Therefore it ma
necessary for farmers to change their farming practices to allow for a longer season staggered harvests.
In return the farmer will receive a guaranteed income per unit weight of cane from the fa
and can often claim part of the payment in advance. However, the factory retains qu
control and usually has the right to reduce payment if the condition of the cane falls below required.
Plant Layout
You're Reading a Preview Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Industrial process based classification of sugar
Sugarcane is brought to the factory, weighed and sent to the milling plant. Juice is extract
the milling plant and heated and treated by double sulphitation process in most of the fact o
in India. In this double sulphitation process, juice is heated to 75 C and treated with lime
sulphur dioxide (SO2). The concentrated syrup from the evaporator is again bleached by pa 2
SO through and the pH of the syrup drops down to about 5.4. It is then sent to the
pan, where the thickened syrup is boiled 3-4 times as per purity inorder to extract the suc content on the crystals. The various types of sugar include raw sugar, centrifugal sugar, white refined sugar, and centrifugal sugar.
Raw sugar: It is brown sugar, which includes molasses and various impurities at the s before it is crystallized. Raw sugars are produced in the processing of cane juice but o intermediates en route to white sugar.
Centrifugal sugar: This is raw sugar which has been crystallized and most of the mola spun off by the use of a centrifuge.
You're Reading a Preview
Unlock full access with a free trial.
White sugar: In developed countries, most white sugar is sugar that has undergone
Download With Free Trial further refining process. There are various degrees of refining and the consequent purit
consistency of sugar crystals. As in other developing countries, most of the mill sugar prod
and consumed in India is plantation white, meaning sugar that has undergone a first sta
refining at the mill, but which is less refined than the refined white sugar consume developed countries.
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Non-centrifugal sugar: This sugar is gur, which includes the molasses.
It is produc
primitive artisanal processes and mostly consumed in rural areas. In Northwestern India, m
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Manufacturing process of raw sugar
Production of very high polarity raw sugar The study on world sugar export market reveals
at any given point of time, Global Tradable Surplus is about 500-600 lakh tones out of w
50% is raw sugar, 35-40% is refined sugar and 10-15% is plantation white sugar. In the
2007-08 due to good monsoon, bumper crop of sugarcane has resulted in the huge sto
sugar after meeting the domestic consumption. The sugar mills would have to face sto
problem, burden of interest, insurance and subdued sugar prices, financial conditions o
sugar factories would have gravely affected. The Government therefore, allowed expo
sugar by announcing transport subsidy to sugar units. As the new sugar refineries have c up many sugar mills turn to production of very high pol (VHP) raw sugar for the refineries.
Table VHP Raw Sugar Production S.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Parameters Colour (Icu) Pol % Moisture (%) Ash (%) RS% Starch (ppm) Dextran (ppm)
VHP Raw Sugar 600-1200 99.0 99.30 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 You're Reading a Preview 0.12 0.15 100 with 150a max Unlock full access free trial. 75 max
Download With Free Trial
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Manufacturing process
To avoid bacterial contamination and to control dextran, 10-17 parts per million (p
of quarternary ammonium compound base effective biocide is used, steam/hot w washing is carried twice in a shift.
Screening of raw juice is carried with double stage DSM screen having 0.6/0.7 millim (mm) aperture.
Mixed juice phosphate level is kept 300 to 325 milligrams per litre mg/L by additi phosphoric acid of A Grade. o
Raw juice is heated to 76 to 78 C
Simple detection process is followed only by adding milk of lime 60 to 80 br o
o
maintain the pH in the range of 7.2 to 7.6, juice is heated up to 102 C to 103 clarified.
Addition of 1 to 3 ppm of mud setting and colourant is added to get brilliant colour.
Juice or syrup sulphitation is not required.
There massecuite boiling system is followed as that of white sugar.
B m/c single cured seed taken for A m/c as a footing partially melted
C m/c double cured melted You're Reading a Preview B & C melt taken for A m/c boiling
Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial
Curing A m/c is cured in steep cone machine of 38 x 49 machine
Sign up to vote on this titleany lumps. Time cycle of A m/c is adjusted according to quality of dropping sugar without
Conveying
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Upload
Sign In
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
You're Reading a Preview Figure 3-6: Clarification Process in Raw Sugar Manufacturing Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial Clarification Process in Raw Sugar Manufacturing
Precautions to be taken during the manufacturing of raw sugar
Sign up to vote on this title
the limits Supply of clean, fresh cane to keep dextran within
Elimination of maximum suspended bagacillo
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Process Flow Chart of Three Stage Boiling System
You're Reading a Preview Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial
Sign up to vote on this title
Manufacturing of refined sugar
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
-
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Brine recovery system
Scum desweetening
Crystallization
Centrifugation
Drying, storage and packaging
Recovery house (Raw sugar house would be as recovery house)
You're Reading a Preview Unlock full access with a free trial.
A. Raw sugar delivery
Download With Free Trial
In raw sugar handling the mechanized system is advisable as it would help in reducing the
of sugar handling from port to factory. The present sugar handling systems are crude, la intensive, expensive and time consuming as well as losses are high.
Sign up to vote on this title
B. Raw sugar melting and screening
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
For the production of refined sugar, decolorization of the melt is required through ion exch resins. Two stage decolorizing process for this particular application is recommended. process, the decolorization is effected by passing the clear melt through a styrene based
The resin, after completing the duty cycle, which is normally of 16-24 hrs, is desweetene
back flushing vigorously with hot, soft water to disperse the bed and to remove any suspe matter which may have collected during the duty cycle.
Regeneration is carried out with 10% sodium chloride solution having 2% concentratio sodium hydroxide. Operation sequence:
Sweeten on
Service run
Sweeten off
Back wash
Regeneration
Displacement
Descaling
i. Melt concentration
You're Reading a Preview Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial The fine liquor is concentrated in the evaporator to brix 74-76° to save energy and to mai
the product quality by stabilizing the brix of the evaporated fine liquor. A thin-film falling
type double effect evaporator would be used for concentration of fine liquor. Typicall 2
heating surface of each falling film would be around 500 m . ii. Brine recovery system
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
This recovery process is based on the concentration of COD and colouring material in
retentate, while smaller molecules such as sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and wate
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
The membranes are easy to clean and the efficiency of resin regeneration with nano- filtra
brine would be about 70-80% and it can be further increased by installing brine concentrat
D. Scum de-sweetening station
Flotation scums, being a suspension of tricalcium phosphate floe, floated off impurities an
bubbles in concentrated sugar liquor, form a complex system. The separation of floe impurities from the solution inorder to recover sugar presents a number of difficulties.
often make the operation costly, either in actual expense or through loss of sucrose in course of the recovery treatment.
The problems encountered in treatment of scum for sugar recovery arise out of the slimy gelatinous character of the floe and the impurities occluded in it.
These character
adversely affect the two basic methods-filtration and centrifugal separation - that have available for the purpose.
The three stage scum desweetening process followed by specially designed pressure filtrat
an advanced and proven process of extracting the sugar from the scum. The process fl clearly illustrated in the Figure .
You're Reading a Preview
E. Crystallization - refined massecuite boiling Unlock full access with a free trial. Table : Process brief of Crystallization of Refined S ugar Download With Free Trial Inlet
Clarified, filtered, decolorized Liquor
Colour
150 200 IU
Brix
60 62 deg
Purity
99+
Outlet
Refined Sugar
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
The most-effective decolorization is achieved by crystallization. Crystallization occurs
saturated/supersaturated solution, which also means that crystals are always surrounded liquid phase.
Color is removed by crystallization, assuming the syrup separation is executed well. For
quality massecuites like A and refined sugar, color removal is at least 90%, but can go as hi
97.5-98%. Lower purity massecuites like B & C exhibits less color removal of 95- 95.5% an to 80% (75 - 80%) respectively.
Back boiling or mixed boiling system will be followed for producing refined sugar of s
quality. When the boiling is complete around 89 brix; pan is dropped into crystallizer and c
in batch centrifugal machine. This cured sugar is dried and cooled into drier before weighi bagging.
F. Centrifugation
Centrifugation requires greatest attention as it ensures the effective crystallization. Inadeq
mode of operation, badly cleaned screens, and mal-adjusted washing nozzles to mention a
of the key parameters of centrifugal work can destroy good results obtained in crystallizatio You're Reading a Preview
Drying, storage and packagingUnlock full access with a free trial.
These three steps should not be forgotten. They have Download With Freelittle Trialor nothing to do with color rem
but more with secondary color formation and/or sugar contamination. This aspect is nece for hygienic handling of the sugar as a human food.
The sugar comes out humid from the centrifugal process. It is then dried in a rotary dr
large rotating drum where the sugar dries upon coming into contact with the air.The dry Sign up to vote on this title
cooled refined sugar passes over a vibrating screen to separate ofuseful sugar, which ma Useful lumps Not
formed during the drying and cooling process. After this, it is transported by belt conv
hopper and elevator to the top of the conditioning sugar silos where the s ugar is separated
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
305 views
0
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Process Flow Diagram of Raw Sugar Refining
You're Reading a Preview Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Recovery house
The recovery house is the dirty end of the sugar refinery where, as the name implies
refiner tries to recover as much as possible of the sugar in any residual liquors before reje
them as the molasses. Maximum sugar must be recovered from runoffs to get the opti yield of the refinery. Series of boiling and other processes are followed to get the ma
sugar out of those liquors, and producing at the end, a thick material called sugar syrup used in cattle feed preparations. The yield performance of any sugar refinery depends the performance of the recovery house.
Advantage achieved in raw sugar production over to the white sugarto process point of view
Rise in recovery percent cane by 0.63%
Capacity utilization is increased by 6 to 8%
Sulphur is not used in the process
reduction in lime consumption by 58%
Scale formation rate is very low and soft in nature You're Reading Reduction in molasses % cane by 0.6-0.9 % a Preview
Massecuite % cane is reduced by 5 6% with a free trial. Unlock fullto access
Sequence of steps in sugar production Download With Free Trial Beet and cane sugar production processes are similar.
Both involve reception, clea
extraction, juice clarification, evaporation, crystallization centrifugation, drying, storing,
packing stages as illustrated in Figure 3-9. Beet and cane sugar manufacturing are typi
time located adjacent to the sources of raw materials to reduce andontransportation Sign costs up to vote this title
to ensure fresh raw material. A. Reception of beet and cane
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Traditionally, cane has been burned in the field before transport to processing faciliti remove any leaves from the cane stalk. The current trend is to harvest green unburned returning leaves to the field where the crop residue promotes soil conservation.
Extraction of the sugar juice is achieved with roller mills which press out the juice. The rem
of the cane stalk is called bagasse, which contains cellulose fiber. This is mostly used i
process facility as fuel for energy supply. Where fuel is available from another source
bagasse may be used for further processing in the cellulose industry. Cane juice extraction
also be achieved by a diffusion leaching process, which can result in higher rates of extra with 50% lesser energy consumption than a mechanical mill. C. Washing and extraction of beet
Washing of sugar beet is water-intensive and washwater is typically recirculated. D
washing, soil, stone and leaves are separated from the beet. Separated stone can be use
example, as gravel for the construction industry. Disintegration of the beet is accomplish
cutting into slices (cossettes). The juice is extracted by a diffuser, where the slices are m
with hot extraction water to form a sugar solution, known as diffusion juice. The spent cossettes in the beet pulp are then pressed and dried to produce animal feed. You're Reading a Preview full access withProcess a free trial. SugarUnlock Manufacturing
Download With Free Trial
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Upload
Sign In
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
You're Reading a Preview Comparison of Sugar Manufacture from Cane and Beet Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial
D. Sugar refining Sign up to vote on this title
The refining of sugar involves affination (mingling and centrifugation), melting, clarifica Useful Not useful decolorization, evaporation, crystallization, and finishing. Decolorization methods use gra activated carbon, powdered activated carbon, ion exchange resins, and other materials.
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
lime particles. The lime is then filtered, resulting in lime sludge, and dried for use as conditioning agent in agriculture. The resultant clear solution of juice is called thin juice.
Although the carbonation process gives good results, it is rarely used in the cane ind
because of the investment required and a general lack of the main raw material, limes
Cane processing facilities typically purchase ready-made burnt limestone powder and use
to generate milk of lime. After clarification, the thin juice has a sugar content of approxim 15%.
Concentrations greater than 68% are needed to allow sugar crystallization, and
achieved through evaporation. Water is removed from the thin juice in a series of evapor
vessels until syrup with a dry matter content of 6872% is obtained. This thick juice is fu
evaporated until sugar crystals form, and the crystals and the accompanying syrup are
centrifuged to separate the two components. The final syrup, which contains 50% sug called molasses.
Sugar crystals are then dried and stored (e.g. in silos). Molasses is the most importa
product of the sugar production. Molasses can be used as cattle fodder or as raw mater the fermentation industry.
To facilitate the use of the molasses, which is generated
tively high volumes, sugar factories may be combined with distillation plants (see below). You'remo Reading basis for the distillery can be sugar juice, lasses,aorPreview a combination of these products. Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
News
Documents
Sheet Music
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
E. Distillery
An associated distillery may employ batch or continuous fermentation, followed by distilla
to produce ethanol with a purity of 95%. This ethanol can be used in other industries or fu
processed and blended with gasoline. Waste from the distillation process is known as vi or spent wash.
Anaerobic digestion of this waste is used to produce biogas, which ca
utilized for the production of boiler fuel for the distillery or to fuel combined heat and po engines.
Remaining waste can be returned to agricultural fields and / or used
composting of organic solids emanating from processing. Cleaner technologies
Based on the site visits and study; the following technologies may be classifie cleanertechnologies for sugar waste management.
Segregation of concentrated and dilute waste streams and adopt
Composting for concentrated wastes and
Stabilization ponds for dilute wastes.
Anaerobic Digestion/ Anaerobic lagoon/Anaerobic filter as primary treat You're Reading a Preview followed single stage aeration.
Unlock pond full access with a freepond trial. Anaerobic pond + Facultative + aerobic
Equalization tank + Monthly washing Holding Tank + Single/ two stage aerati Download With Free Trial clarifier.
(NOTE: In all the above cases oil & grease trap (preferably mechanical), Screen and V not continuous flow recorder is a must) Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Upload
Sign In
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
Significance of Pollutants Generated Environmental issues in sugar manufacturing projects primarily include the following:
Molasses
Wastewater
Solid waste and by-products
Emissions to air
Molasses
Final molasses is produced in the last steps of operation of separation of sugar from the mo
liquor in centrifuges. It has been found that average production of molasses is 4.2% of the
crushed. But there is quite a large fluctuation in this. Molasses has very high poll characteristics.
Wastewater Prevention strategies for wastewater management
You're Reading a Preview Recommended wastewater management includes the following prevention strategies: Unlock full access with a free trial.
Segregate non-contaminated wastewater streams from contaminated streams Download With Free Trial Reduce the organic load of wastewater by preventing the entry of solid wastes concentrated liquids into the wastewater stream
Implement dry pre-cleaning of raw material, equipment, and production areas be wet cleaning
Allow beet to dry on field if possible, and reduce during Sign up breakage to vote on this title collection transport through use of rubber mats and lined containers. dry technique useful Useful NotUse
unload beet
Fit and use floor drains and collection channels with grids and screens or traps to re
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
biological treatment, typically anaerobic followed by aerobic treatment, for reduc soluble organic matter (BOD)
biological nutrient removal for reduction in nitrogen & phosphorus
chlorination of effluent when disinfection is required
dewatering and disposal of residuals; in some instances composting or land applic of wastewater treatment residuals of acceptable quality may be possible
Solid waste and by-product management
Sugar industry activities generate large quantities of organic solid waste and by-products
leaves from cane or beet, molasses from the final crystallization, press mud or cachaza, ba
fiber from the cane, mud and soil arriving at the plant with the raw material, and lime s
from the juice clarification). The amount of waste generated depends on the quality of the materials themselves and on the initial cleaning in t he field.
Emissions to air
You're Reading arelated Preview Air emissions in sugar manufacturing are primarily to particulate matter generated
bagasse-fired steam boilers, dust from unpaved access roads and areas, and sugar dryin Unlock full access with a free trial.
packing activities. In addition, odour emissions are generated from beet processing acti and storage facilities.
Download With Free Trial
Air pollution from sugar industries
The burning of bagasse produces particulate like unburnt fibers, carbon particles, and ash
gaseous pollutants like oxides of nitrogen, water vapour and other compounds of Sign up to vote on this title
particulate waste, the heavier particles slowly settle down in the surrounding area. Such
Useful
Not useful
fall leads to the problem of cleaning, reduction in property value, effect on vegetation, etc
Air pollution control equipment
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
Search
Home
Saved
0
305 views
Sign In
Upload
Join
RELATED TITLES
0
35185992 Sugar Industry Uploaded by David Suhartono
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
Save
Embed
Share
Print
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Factors Affecting Indian Sugar
1
Download
of 28
Sugar industry
Sugar Mill Control
Search document
REFRENCES Websites
1. http://www.sugarindustry.com/introduction.htm
2. http://www.trivenigroup.com/sugar-information/sugarcane-production centers.html
3. http://www.appropedia.org/Sugar_Production_from_Cane_Sugar_%28P tical_Action_Technical_Brief%29 4. http://164.100.194.13:8080/ssdn1/jspfiles/doc/Sugar.pdf 5. www.scribd.com 6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar 7. http://www.cd3wd.com/cd3wd_40/vita/grapejuc/GIF/UGJX6.GIF
You're Reading a Preview
Books
Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial 1. Operationa Mangment By Stevenson
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful
Not useful
Home
Saved
Books
Audiobooks
Magazines
News
Documents
Sheet Music
Upload
Sign In
Join
