MAKALAH MIKROBIOLOGI INDUSTRI PEMANFAATAN MIKROBA DALAM INDUSTRI PANGAN
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PROGRAM STUDI BIOLOGI JURUSAN MIPA SEKOLAH TINGGI KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDDIKAN STKIP - PGRI LUBUKLINGGAU TAHUN AKADEMIK 2016
KATA PENGANTAR PENG ANTAR
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homo6e hom o6e(me (men"# n"#"i/e "i/e 1#n he" he"e(o e(o6e(m 6e(men" en"#"i/ #"i/e% e% >en >enis42 is42eni eniss hom homo6e( o6e(men men"#"i "#"i66 +#n +#n! ! "e(pen"in! h#n+# men!h#silk#n #s#m l#k"#" 1#(i me"#.olisme !ul#0 se1#n!k#n 2enis4 2enis he"e(o6e(men"#"i6 men!h#silk#n k#(.on1ioksi1# 1#n se1iki" se 1iki" #s#m4#s#m /ol#"il l#inn+#0 #lkohol0 1#n es"e( 1is#mpin! #s#m l#k"#"% Be.e(#p# 2enis +#n! pen"in! 1#l#m kelompok ini: $ Streptococcus thermophilus0 thermophilus0 Streptococcus lactis lactis 1#n Streptococcus cremoris% cremoris% Semu#n+ Sem u#n+## ini #1# #1#l#h l#h .#k .#k"e(i "e(i !(# !(#m m pos posi"i i"i60 60 .e( .e(.en .en"uk "uk .ul .ul#" #" ?'o ?'o''u ''us s +#n +#n! ! "e(1#p#" se.#!#i (#n"#i 1#n semu#n+# mempun+#i nil#i ekonomis pen"in! 1#l#m in1us"(i susu% * Pediococcus cerevisae cerevisae%% B# B#k" k"e( e(ii in inii #1 #1#l #l#h #h !( !(#m #m po posi si"i "i6. 6.e( e(.e .en" n"uk uk .u .ul# l#"0 "0 khususn+# khus usn+# "e(1#p#" .e(p#s .e(p#s#n!#n #n!#n #"#u .e(emp .e(emp#" #" ?"e"(#1 ?"e"(#1s% s% 3# 3#l#upu l#upun n 2enis ini "e('#"#" "e(' #"#" se. se.#!#i #!#i pe( pe(us#k us#k .i( 1#n #n! #n!!u( !u(00 .#k .#k"e(i "e(i ini .e( .e(pe( pe(#n #n pen pen"in "in! ! 1#l 1#l#m #m 6e(men"#si 1#!in! 1#n s#+u(#n% , Leuconostoc mesenteroides, 1#n Leuconostoc dextranicum. B#k"e(i ini #1#l#h !(#m !(# m pos posi"i i"i66 .e( .e(.en .en"uk "uk .ul .ul#" #" +#n +#n! ! "e(1 "e(1#p# #p#"" se'# se'#(# (# .e( .e(p#s p#s#n! #n!#n #n #"# #"#u u (#n (#n"#i "#i pen1ek% B#k"e(i4.#k"e(i ini .e(pe(#n#n 1#l#m pe(us#k#n l#(u"#n !ul# 1en!#n p(o1uksi pe("um.uh#n 1eks"(#n .e(len1i(% 3# 3#l#upun l#upun 1emiki#n0 .#k"e(i4.#k"e(i ini me(up#k#n 2enis +#n! pen"in! 1#l#m pe(mul##n 6e(men"#si s#+u(#n 1#n 2u!# 1i"emuk#n 1#l#m s#(i .u#h0 #n!!u(0 1#n .#h#n p#n!#n l#inn+#% Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillusbulgaricus, Lactobacillus plantarum, 1#n Lactobacillus delbrueckii delbrueckii%% O(!#nisme4o(!#nisme ini #1#l#h .#k"e(i .e(.en"uk .#"#n!0 !(#m posi"i6 1#n se(in! .e(.en"uk p#s#n!#n 1#n (#n"#i 1#(i sel4seln+#% >enis ini umumn+# le.ih "#h#n "e(h#1#p ke#1##n #s#m 1#(ii p#1 1#( p#1## 2eni 2enis42e s42enis nis Pediococcus Pediococcus #"#u Streptococcus 1#n oleh k#( k#(en# en#n+ n+## men2#1i le.ih .#n+#k "e(1#p#" p#1# "#h#p#n "e(#khi( 1#(i 6e(men"#si "ipe #s#m l#k"#"% B#k"e(i4.#k"e(i ini pen"in! sek#li 1#l#m 6e(men"#si susu 1#n s#+u(#n% B#k"e(i B#k "e(i #s#m p(o p(opio pion#" n#" 2en 2enis42 is42eni eniss +#n +#n! ! "e(m "e(m#su #suk k kel kelomp ompok ok ini 1i" 1i"emu emuk#n k#n 1#l#m !olon!#n Propioniba Propionibacterium cterium00 .e(.en .e(.en"uk "uk .#"#n! 1#n me(up me(up#k#n #k#n .#k"e(i !(#m !(# m pos posi"i6 i"i6%% B#k B#k"e(i "e(i ini pen pen"in "in! ! 1#l 1#l#m #m 6e(m 6e(men"# en"#si si .#h .#h#n #n p#n p#n!#n !#n k#( k#(en# en# kem# ke m#mp mpu#n u#nn+ n+##
mem6e( mem 6e(me men" n"#si #si k# k#(. (.oh ohi1 i1(# (#"" 1# 1#n n 2u 2u!# !# #s# #s#m m l# l#k"# k"#""
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- B#k"e( B#k"e(ii #s#m #se"#"% B#k"e(i ini .e(.en"uk .e(.en"uk .#"#n!0 .#"#n!0 !(#m ne!#"i6 ne!#"i6 1#n 1i"emuk#n 1#l#m !olo !olon!#n n!#n Acetobacter se. se.#! #!#i #i 'on"o 'on"oh: h: Acetobacter aceti aceti%% Pe(#n# Pe(#n#nn+# nn+# +#n! +#n ! u"# u"#m# m# 1#l 1#l#m #m 6e(m 6e(men" en"#si #si .#h .#h#np #np#n! #n!#n #n #1# #1#l#h l#h kem kem#mp #mpu#n u#nn+ n+## 1#l 1#l#m #m men! me n!ok oksi si1# 1#si si #l #lko koho holl 1# 1#n n k# k#(. (.oh ohi1 i1(#" (#" l# l#in inn+ n+## me men2 n2#1 #1ii #s# #s#m m #se #se"#" "#" 1# 1#n n 1ipe(!un#k#n 1#l#m p#.(ik 'uk#% . Kh#mi( Kh#mi( se2#k 1ulu .e(pe(#n 1#l#m 6e(men"#si +#n! .e(si6#" #lkohol 1im#n# p(o1uk u"#m# 1#(i me"#.olismen+# #1#l#h e"#nol% S#''h#(om+'es 'e(e/isi#e #1#l#h 2enis +#n! u"#m# +#n! .e(pe(#n 1#l#m p(o1uksi minum#n .e(#lkohol sepe("i .i( 1#n #n!!u( 1#n 2u!# 1i!un#k#n un"uk 6e(men"#si #1on#n 1#l#m pe(us#h##n (o"i% ' K#p#n! K#p#n! 2enis42enis "e("en"u 1i!un#k#n 1#l#m pe(si#p#n pem.u#"#n .e.e(#p# m#'#m ke2u 1#n .e.e(#p# 6e(men"#si .#h#n p#n!#n Asi# sepe("i ke'#p 1#n "empe% >enis42enis +#n! "e(m#suk !olon!#n Aspe(!illus0 Rhiopus0 1#n Peni'illium s#n!#" pen"in! 1#l#m ke!i#"#n "e(se.u"%
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9
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;
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