Chapter 14 Capital Budgeting Decisions
True/False 1. F Medium
The present value of a given sum to be received in five years will be exactly twice as great as the present value of an equal sum to be received in ten years.
2. F Medium
An increase in the discount rate will result in an increase in the present value of a given cash flow.
3. T Easy
The present value of a cash flow decreases as it moves further into the future.
4. F Medium
When the net present value method is used, the internal rate of return is the discount rate used to compute the net present value of a project.
5. F Medium
If net present value is negative, then interpolation is needed in order to make a proposed investment acceptable.
6. T Medium
The net present value method assumes that cash flows from a project are immediately reinvested at a rate of return equal to the discount rate.
7. F Easy
When using internal rate of return to evaluate investment projects, if the internal rate of return is less than the required rate of return, the project should be accepted.
8. T Easy
The internal rate of return for a project is the discount rate that makes the net present value of the project equal to zero.
9. T Medium
In comparing two investment alternatives, the difference between the net present values of the two alternatives obtained using the total cost approach will be the same as the net present value obtained using the incremental cost approach.
10. T Easy
The payback period is the length of time it takes for an investment to recoup its own initial cost out of the cash receipts it generates.
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11. F Medium
Projects with shorter payback periods are always more profitable than projects with longer payback periods.
12. F Easy
The payback method of making capital budgeting decisions gives full consideration to the time value of money.
13. F Easy
If new equipment is replacing old equipment, any salvage received from sale of the old equipment should not be considered in computing the payback period of the new equipment.
14. F Easy
One strength of the simple rate of return method is that it takes into account the time value of money in computing the return on an investment project.
15. T Easy
The preference rule for ranking projects by the profitability index is: the higher the profitability index, the more desirable the project.
Multiple Choice 16. C Medium
An increase in the discount rate: a. will increase the present value of future cash flows. b. will have no effect on net present value. c. will reduce the present value of future cash flows. d. is one method of compensating for reduced risk.
17. B Medium
Suppose an investment has cash inflows of R dollars at the end of each year for two years. The present value of these cash inflows using a 12% discount rate will be: a. greater than under a 10% discount rate. b. less than under a 10% discount rate. c. equal to that under a 10% discount rate. d. sometimes greater than under a 10% discount rate and sometimes less; it depends on R.
18. B Medium CPA adapted
The net present value and internal rate of return methods of capital budgeting are superior to the payback method in that they: a. are easier to implement. b. consider the time value of money. c. require less input. d. reflect the effects of depreciation and income taxes.
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19. C Medium CPA adapted
How are the following used in the calculation of the net present value of a proposed project? Ignore income tax considerations.
20. D Medium CPA adapted
The net present value method takes into account:
21. C Easy CMA adapted
The net present value method of capital budgeting assumes that cash flows are reinvested at: a. the internal rate of return on the project. b. the rate of return on the company's debt. c. the discount rate used in the analysis. d. a zero rate of return.
22. C Medium
Some investment projects require that a company expand its working capital to service the greater volume of business that will be generated. Under the net present value method, the investment of working capital should be treated as: a. an initial cash outflow for which no discounting is necessary. b. a future cash inflow for which discounting is necessary. c. both an initial cash outflow for which no discounting is necessary and a future cash inflow for which discounting is necessary. d. irrelevant to the net present value analysis.
23. A Medium CMA adapted
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) How is depreciation handled by the following capital budgeting techniques?
Depreciation expense Salvage value a. Include Include b. Include Exclude c. Exclude Include d. Exclude Exclude
Cash Flow Over Time Value Life of Project of Money a. No Yes b. No No c. Yes No d. Yes Yes
Internal Simple Rate of Return Rate of Return Payback a. Excluded Included Excluded b. Included Excluded Included c. Excluded Excluded Included d. Included Included Excluded
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24. B Easy CPA adapted
Which of the following capital budgeting techniques consider(s) cash flow over the entire life of the project?
25. C Medium CMA adapted
A weakness of the internal rate of return method for screening investment projects is that it: a. does not consider the time value of money. b. implicitly assumes that the company is able to reinvest cash flows from the project at the company's discount rate. c. implicitly assumes that the company is able to reinvest cash flows from the project at the internal rate of return. d. does not take into account all of the cash flows from a project.
26. A Medium
If the net present value of a project is zero based on a discount rate of sixteen percent, then the timeadjusted rate of return: a. is equal to sixteen percent. b. is less than sixteen percent. c. is greater than sixteen percent. d. cannot be determined from the information given.
27. A Easy CMA adapted
The payback method measures: a. how quickly investment dollars may be recovered. b. the cash flow from an investment. c. the economic life of an investment. d. the profitability of an investment.
28. B Medium
An investment project that requires a present investment of $210,000 will have cash inflows of "R" dollars each year for the next five years. The project will terminate in five years. Consider the following statements (ignore income tax considerations):
Internal rate of return Payback a. Yes Yes b. Yes No c. No Yes d. No No
I. If "R" is less than $42,000, the payback period exceeds the life of the project. II. If "R" is greater than $42,000, the payback period exceeds the life of the project. III. If "R" equals $42,000, the payback period equals the life of the project. Which statement(s) is (are) true? a. Only I and II. b. Only I and III. c. Only II and III. d. I, II, and III.
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29. A Easy CMA adapted
Which one of the following statements about the payback method of capital budgeting is correct? a. The payback method does not consider the time value of money. b. The payback method considers cash flows after the payback has been reached. c. The payback method uses discounted cash flow techniques. d. The payback method will lead to the same decision as other methods of capital budgeting.
30. B Medium
The evaluation of an investment having uneven cash flows using the payback method: a. cannot be done. b. can be done only by matching cash inflows and investment outflows on a yearbyyear basis. c. will product essentially the same results as those obtained through the use of discounted cash flow techniques. d. requires the use of a sophisticated calculator or computer software.
31. B Medium CMA adapted
The capital budgeting method that divides a project's annual incremental net income by the initial investment is the: a. internal rate of return method. b. the simple ( or accounting) rate of return method. c. the payback method. d. the net present value method.
32. B Medium CMA adapted
When determining a net present value in an inflationary environment, adjustments should be made to: a. decrease the discount rate only. b. increase the estimated cash flows and increase the discount rate. c. increase the estimated cash flows only. d. increase the estimated cash flows and decrease the discount rate.
33. B Hard CPA adapted
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Kipling Company has invested in a project that has an eightyear life. It is expected that the annual cash inflow from the project will be $20,000. Assuming that the project has a internal rate of return of 12%, how much was the initial investment in the project? a. $160,000 b. $99,360 c. $80,800 d. $64,640
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34. D Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) White Company's required rate of return on capital budgeting projects is 12%. The company is considering an investment opportunity which would yield a cash flow of $10,000 in five years. What is the most that the company should be willing to invest in this project? a. $36,050. b. $2,774. c. $17,637. d. $5,670.
35. C Easy
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) In order to receive $12,000 at the end of three years and $10,000 at the end of five years, how much must be invested now if you can earn 14% rate of return? a. $12,978. b. $8,100. c. $13,290. d. $32,054.
36. C Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Sue Falls is the president of Sports, Inc. She is considering buying a new machine that would cost $14,125. Sue has determined that the new machine promises a internal rate of return of 12%, but Sue has misplaced the paper which tells the annual cost savings promised by the new machine. She does remember that the machine has a projected life of 10 years. Based on these data, the annual cost savings are: a. it is impossible to determine from the data given. b. $1,412.50. c. $2,500.00. d. $1,695.00.
37. C Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following information is available on a new piece of equipment: Cost of the equipment ...... $21,720 Annual cash inflows ........ $5,000 Internal rate of return ... 16% Required rate of return ... 10% The life of the equipment is approximately: a. 6 years. b. 4.3 years. c. 8 years. d. it is impossible to determine from the data given.
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38. C Hard CPA adapted
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) A planned factory expansion project has an estimated initial cost of $800,000. Using a discount rate of 20%, the present value of future cost savings from the expansion is $843,000. To yield exactly a 20% internal rate of return, the actual investment cost cannot exceed the $800,000 estimate by more than: a. $160,000. b. $20,000. c. $43,000. d. $1,075.
39. D Hard CPA adapted
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Hilltop Company invested $100,000 in a twoyear project. The cash flow was $40,000 for the first year. Assuming that the internal rate of return was exactly 12%, what was the cash flow for the second year of the project? a. $51,247. b. $60,000. c. $64,284. d. $80,652.
40. C Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Joe Flubup is the president of Flubup, Inc. He is considering buying a new machine that would cost $25,470. Joe has determined that the new machine promises a internal rate of return of 14%, but Joe has misplaced the paper which tells the annual cost savings promised by the new machine. He does remember that the machine has a projected life of 12 years. Based on these data, the annual cost savings are: a. impossible to determine from the data given. b. $2,122.50. c. $4,500.00. d. $4,650.00.
41. B Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The Baker Company purchased a piece of equipment with the following expected results: Useful life ................... 7 years Yearly net cash inflow ........ $50,000 Salvage value ................. 0 Internal rate of return ....... 20% Discount rate ................. 16% The initial cost of the equipment was: a. $300,100. b. $180,250 c. $190,600. d. Cannot be determined from the information given.
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42. B Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Highpoint, Inc., is considering investing in automated equipment with a tenyear useful life. Managers at Highpoint have estimated the cash flows associated with the tangible costs and benefits of automation, but have been unable to estimate the cash flows associated with the intangible benefits. Using the company's 10% discount rate, the net present value of the cash flows associated with just the tangible costs and benefits is a negative $184,350. How large would the annual net cash inflows from the intangible benefits have to be to make this a financially acceptable investment? a. $18,435. b. $30,000. c. $35,000. d. $37,236.
43. B Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Given the following data: Present investment required .. $12,000 Net present value ............ $ 430 Annual cost savings .......... $ ? Discount rate ................ 12% Life of the project .......... 10 years Based on the data given, the annual cost savings would be: a. $1,630.00. b. $2,200.00. c. $2,123.89. d. $2,553.89.
44. A Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following data pertain to an investment in equipment: Investment in the project .......... $10,000 Net annual cash inflows ............ 2,400 Working capital required ........... 5,000 Salvage value of the equipment ..... 1,000 Life of the project ................ 8 years At the completion of the project, the working capital will be released for use elsewhere. Compute the net present value of the project, using a discount rate of 10%: a. $606. b. $8,271. c. ($1,729). d. $1,729.
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45. A Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) A piece of equipment has a cost of $20,000. The equipment will provide cost savings of $3,500 each year for ten years, after which time it will have a salvage value of $2,500. If the company's discount rate is 12%, the equipment's net present value is: a. $580. b. ($225). c. $17,500. d. $2,275.
46. D Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Parks Company is considering an investment proposal in which a working capital investment of $10,000 would be required. The investment would provide cash inflows of $2,000 per year for six years. The working capital would be released for use elsewhere when the project is completed. If the company's discount rate is 10%, the investment's net present value is: a. $1,290. b. ($1,290). c. $2,000. d. $4,350.
47. A Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following data pertain to an investment proposal: Investment in the project (equipment) .. $14,000 Net annual cash inflows promised ....... 2,800 Working capital required ............... 5,000 Salvage value of the equipment ......... 1,000 Life of the project .................... 10 years The working capital would be released for use elsewhere when the project is completed. What is the net present value of the project, using a discount rate of 8%? a. $2,566. b. ($251). c. $251. d. $5,251.
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48. C Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Boston Company is contemplating the purchase of a new machine on which the following information has been gathered: Cost of the machine ............... $38,900 Annual cash inflows expected ...... $10,000 Salvage value ..................... $ 5,000 Life of the machine ............... 6 years The company's discount rate is 16%, and the machine will be depreciated using the straightline method. Given these data, the machine has a net present value of: a. $26,100. b. $23,900. c. $0. d. +$26,100.
49. B Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Benz Company is considering the purchase of a machine that costs $100,000 and has a useful life of 18 years. The company's required discount rate is 12%. If the machine's net present value is $5,850, then the annual cash inflows associated with the machine must be (round to the nearest whole dollar): a. $42,413. b. $14,600. c. $13,760. d. it is impossible to determine from the data given.
50. C Hard CPA adapted
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Horn Corporation is considering investing in a fouryear project. Cash inflows from the project are expected to be as follows: Year 1, $2,000; Year 2, $2,200; Year 3, $2,400; Year 4, $2,600. If using a discount rate of 8%, the project has a positive net present value of $500, what was the amount of the original investment? a. $1,411. b. $2,411. c. $7,054. d. $8,054.
51. B Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The Whitton Company uses a discount rate of 16%. The company has an opportunity to buy a machine now for $18,000 that will yield cash inflows of $10,000 per year for each of the next three years. The machine would have no salvage value. The net present value of this machine to the nearest whole dollar is: a. $22,460. b. $4,460. c. $(9,980). d. $12,000.
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52. D Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following data pertain to an investment: Cost of the investment ........ $18,955 Life of the project ........... 5 years Annual cost savings ........... $ 5,000 Estimated salvage value ....... $ 1,000 Discount rate ................. 10% The net present value of the proposed investment is: a. $3,355. b. ($3,430). c. $0. d. $621.
53. D Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following data pertain to an investment proposal: Cost of the investment .......... $20,000 Annual cost savings ............. $ 5,000 Estimated salvage value ......... $ 1,000 Life of the project ............. 8 years Discount rate ................... 16% The net present value of the proposed investment is: a. $1,720. b. $6,064. c. $2,154. d. $2,025.
54. C Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Stratford Company purchased a machine with an estimated useful life of seven years. The machine will generate cash inflows of $90,000 each year over the next seven years. If the machine has no salvage value at the end of seven years, and assuming the company's discount rate is 10%, what is the purchase price of the machine if the net present value of the investment is $170,000? a. $221,950. b. $170,000. c. $268,120. d. $438,120.
55. C Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Sam Weller is thinking of investing $70,000 to start a bookstore. Sam plans to withdraw $15,000 from the business at the end of each year for the next five years. At the end of the fifth year, Sam plans to sell the business for $110,000 cash. At a 12% discount rate, what is the net present value of the investment? a. $54,075. b. $62,370. c. $46,445. d. $70,000.
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56. D Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Arthur operates a part time auto repair service. He estimates that a new diagnostic computer system will result in increased cash inflows of $2,100 in Year 1, $3,200 in Year 2, and $4,000 in Year 3. If Arthur's discount rate is 10%, then the most he would be willing to pay for the new computer system would be: a. $6,652. b. $6,984. c. $7,747. d. $7,556.
57. C Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following data pertain to an investment proposal: Present investment required ........ $26,500 Annual cost savings ................ $ 5,000 Projected life of the investment ... 10 years Projected salvage value ............ $ 0 The internal rate of return, interpolated to the nearest tenth of a percent, would be: a. 11.6%. b. 12.8%. c. 13.6%. d. 12.4%.
58. A Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following data are available on a proposed investment project: Initial investment ......... $142,500 Annual cash inflows ........ $30,000 Life of the investment ..... 8 years Required rate of return .... 10% The internal rate of return, interpolated to the nearest tenth of a percent, would be: a. 13.3%. b. 12.1%. c. 15.3%. d. 12.7%.
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59. C Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following data pertain to an investment proposal: Present investment required ........ $14,000 Annual cost savings ................ $ 2,500 Projected life of the investment ... 8 years Projected salvage value ............ $ 0 Required rate of return ............ 6% The internal rate of return, interpolated to the nearest tenth of a percent, would be: a. 6.7%. b. 9.3%. c. 8.7%. d. 7.3%.
60. A Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Overland Company has gathered the following data on a proposed investment project: Investment in depreciable equipment .... $150,000 Annual cash flows ...................... $ 40,000 Life of the equipment .................. 10 years Salvage value .......................... 0 Discount rate .......................... 10% The internal rate of return on this investment is closest to: a. 23.4%. b. 25.4%. c. 22.7% d. 22.1%
61. A Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following information concerns a proposed investment: Investment required ........ $14,150 Annual savings ............. $ 2,500 Life of the project ........ 12 years The internal rate of return is (do not interpolate): a. 14%. b. 12%. c. 10%. d. 5%.
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62. A Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Jarvey Company is studying a project that would have a tenyear life and would require a $450,000 investment in equipment that has no salvage value. The project would provide net income each year as follows for the life of the project: Sales ............................ $500,000 Less cash variable expenses ...... 200,000 Contribution margin .............. 300,000 Less fixed expenses: Fixed cash expenses ............ $150,000 Depreciation expenses .......... 45,000 195,000 Net income ....................... $105,000 The company's required rate of return is 12%. What is the payback period for this project? a. 3 years b. 2 years c. 4.28 years d. 9 years
63. A Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) BuyRite Pharmacy has purchased a small auto for delivering prescriptions. The auto was purchased for $9,000 and will have a 6year useful life and a $3,000 salvage value. Delivering prescriptions (which the pharmacy has never done before) should increase gross revenues by at least $5,000 per year. The cost of these prescriptions to the pharmacy will be about $2,000 per year. The pharmacy depreciates all assets using the straightline method. The payback period for the auto is: a. 3.0 years. b. 1.8 years. c. 2.0 years. d. 1.2 years.
64. C Easy
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) A company with $800,000 in operating assets is considering the purchase of a machine that costs $75,000 and which is expected to reduce operating costs by $20,000 each year. The payback period for this machine in years is closest to: a. 0.27 years. b. 10.7 years. c. 3.75 years. d. 40 years.
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65. B Easy
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The Higgins Company has just purchased a piece of equipment at a cost of $120,000. This equipment will reduce operating costs by $40,000 each year for the next eight years. This equipment replaces old equipment that was sold for $8,000 cash. The new equipment has a payback period of: a. 8.0 years. b. 2.8 years. c. 10.0 years. d. 3.0 years.
66. D Medium CMA adapted
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The Keego Company is planning a $200,000 equipment investment that has an estimated fiveyear life with no estimated salvage value. The company has projected the following annual cash flows for the investment. Year Cash Inflows 1 $120,000 2 60,000 3 40,000 4 40,000 5 40,000 Total $300,000 Assuming that the cash inflows occur evenly over the year, the payback period for the investment is: a. 0.75 years. b. 1.67 years. c. 4.91 years. d. 2.50 years.
67. A Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Denny Corporation is considering replacing a technologically obsolete machine with a new stateoftheart numerically controlled machine. The new machine would cost $450,000 and would have a tenyear useful life. Unfortunately, the new machine would have no salvage value. The new machine would cost $20,000 per year to operate and maintain, but would save $100,000 per year in labor and other costs. The old machine can be sold now for scrap for $50,000. The simple rate of return on the new machine is closest to: a. 8.75%. b. 20.00%. c. 7.78%. d. 22.22%.
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68. A Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The Jason Company is considering the purchase of a machine that will increase revenues by $32,000 each year. Cash outflows for operating this machine will be $6,000 each year. The cost of the machine is $65,000. It is expected to have a useful life of five years with no salvage value. For this machine, the simple rate of return is: a. 20%. b. 40%. c. 49.2%. d. 9.2%.
69. A Easy
Perkins Company is considering several investment proposals, as shown below: Investment Proposal o A B C D Investment required ... $80,000 $100,000 $60,000 $75,000 Present value of future net cash flows ...... 96,000 150,000 84,000 120,000 Rank the proposals in terms of preference using the profitability index: a. D, B, C, A. b. B, D, C, A. c. B, D, A, C. d. A, C, B, D.
70. C Easy
Information on four investment proposals is given below: Proposal Investment Net Present Value 1 $50,000 $30,000 2 60,000 24,000 3 30,000 15,000 4 45,000 9,000 Rank the proposals in terms of preference according to the profitability index: a. 3, 4, 1, 2. b. 1, 2, 3, 4. c. 1, 3, 2, 4. d. 2, 1, 4, 3.
Reference: 141 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Shields Company has gathered the following data on a proposed investment project: Investment required in equipment ..... $400,000 Annual cash inflows .................. $80,000 Salvage value ........................ $0 Life of the investment ............... 10 years Discount rate ........................ 10% 20 Managerial Accounting, 9/e
71. D Easy Refer To: 141
The payback period for the investment is closest to: a. 0.2 years. b. 1.0 years. c. 3.0 years. d. 5.0 years.
72. B Medium Refer To: 141
The simple rate of return on the investment is closest to: a. 5%. b. 10%. c. 15%. d. 20%.
73. C Medium Refer To: 141
The net present value on this investment is closest to: a. $400,000. b. $80,000. c. $91,600. d. $76,750.
74. C Medium Refer To: 141
The internal rate of return on the investment is closest to: a. 11%. b. 13%. c. 15%. d. 17%.
Reference: 142 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Bugle's Bagel Bakery is investigating the purchase of a new bagel making machine. This machine would provide an annual operating cost savings of $3,650 for each of the next 4 years. In addition, this new machine would allow the production of one new type of bagel that would result in selling 1,500 dozen more bagels each year. The company earns a contribution margin of $0.90 on each dozen bagels sold. The purchase price of this machine is $13,450 and it will have a 4year useful life. Bugle's discount rate is 14%. 75. D Medium Refer To: 142
The total annual cash inflow from this machine for capital budgeting purposes is: a. $3,650. b. $5,150. c. $4,750. d. $5,000.
76. C Medium Refer To: 142
The internal rate of return for this investment is closest to: a. 14%. b. 16%. c. 18%. d. 20%.
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77. A Medium Refer To: 142
The net present value of this investment is closest to: a. $1,120. b. $6,550. c. $13,450. d. $20,000.
Reference: 143 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Treads Corporation is considering the replacement of an old machine that is currently being used. The old machine is fully depreciated but can be used by the corporation for five more years. If Treads decides to replace the old machine, Picco Company has offered to purchase the old machine for $60,000. The old machine would have no salvage value in five years. The new machine would be acquired from Hillcrest Industries for $1,000,000 in cash. The new machine has an expected useful life of five years with no salvage value. Due to the increased efficiency of the new machine, estimated annual cash savings of $300,000 would be generated. Treads Corporation uses a discount rate of 12%. 78. C Medium Refer To: 143
The net present value of the project is closest to: a. $171,000. b. $136,400. c. $141,500. d. $560,000.
79. C Medium Refer To: 143
The internal rate of return of the project is closest to: a. 14%. b. 16%. c. 18%. d. 20%.
Reference: 144 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Oriental Company has gathered the following data on a proposed investment project: Investment in depreciable equipment ..... $200,000 Annual net cash flows ................... $ 50,000 Life of the equipment ................... 10 years Salvage value ........................... 0 Discount rate ........................... 10% The company uses straightline depreciation on all equipment. 80. D Medium Refer To: 144
The payback period for the investment would be: a. 2.41 years. b. 0.25 years. c. 10 years. d. 4 years.
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81. C Medium Refer To: 144
The simple rate of return on the investment would be: a. 10%. b. 35%. c. 15%. d. 25%.
82. B Medium Refer To: 144
The net present value of this investment would be: a. ($14,350). b. $107,250. c. $77,200. d. $200,000.
Reference: 145 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Apex Corp. is planning to buy production machinery costing $100,000. This machinery's expected useful life is five years, with no residual value. Apex uses a discount rate of 10% and has calculated the following data pertaining to the purchase and operation of this machinery: Estimated annual net Year cash inflow 1 $ 60,000 2 30,000 3 20,000 4 20,000 5 20,000 83. A Medium CPA adapted Refer To: 145
The payback period is: a. 2.50 years. b. 2.75 years. c. 3.00 years. d. 5.00 years.
84. A Medium CPA adapted Refer To: 145
The net present value is closest to: a. $20,400. b. $28,400. c. $80,000. d. $50,000.
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Reference: 146 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The Finney Company is reviewing the possibility of remodeling one of its showrooms and buying some new equipment to improve sales operations. The remodeling would cost $120,000 now and the useful life of the project is 10 years. Additional working capital needed immediately for this project would be $30,000; the working capital would be released for use elsewhere at the end of the 10year period. The equipment and other materials used in the project would have a salvage value of $10,000 in 10 years. Finney's discount rate is 16%. 85. B Easy Refer To: 146
The immediate cash outflow required for this project would be: a. $(120,000). b. $(150,000). c. $(90,000). d. $(130,000).
86. D Hard Refer To: 146
What would the annual net cash inflows from this project have to be in order to justify investing in remodeling? a. $14,495 b. $35,842 c. $16,147 d. $29,158
Reference: 147 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The Sawyer Company has $80,000 to invest and is considering two different projects, X and Y. The following data are available on the projects: Project X Project Y Cost of equipment needed now ... $80,000 Working capital requirement .... $80,000 Annual cash operating inflows .. $23,000 $18,000 Salvage value in 5 years ....... $ 6,000 Both projects will have a useful life of 5 years; at the end of 5 years, the working capital will be released for use elsewhere. Sawyer's discount rate is 12%. 87. D Medium Refer To: 147
The net present value of project X is: a. $2,915. b. $(11,708). c. $5,283. d. $6,317.
88. B Medium Refer To: 147
The net present value of project Y is closest to: a. $15,110. b. $30,250. c. $11,708. d. $(11,708).
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Reference: 148 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The Becker Company is interested in buying a piece of equipment that it needs. The following data have been assembled concerning this equipment: Cost of required equipment .......... $250,000 Working capital required ............ $100,000 Annual operating cash inflows........ $ 80,000 Cash repair at end of 4 years ....... $ 40,000 Salvage value at end of 6 years ..... $ 90,000 This equipment is expected to have a useful life of 6 years. At the end of the sixth year the working capital would be released for use elsewhere. The company's discount rate is 10%. 89. C Easy Refer To: 148
The present value of all future operating cash inflows is closest to: a. $480,000. b. $452,300. c. $348,400. d. $278,700.
90. B Easy Refer To: 148
The present value of the net cash flows (all cash inflows less all cash outflows) occurring during year 4 is: a. $40,000. b. $27,320. c. $54,640. d. $42,790.
91. D Medium Refer To: 148
The present value of the net cash flows (all cash inflows less all cash outflows) occurring during year 6 is closest to: a. $270,000. b. $195,900. c. $107,200. d. $152,300.
Reference: 149 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) UR Company is considering rebuilding and selling used alternators for automobiles. The company estimates that the net operating cash flows (sales less cash operating expenses) arising from the rebuilding and sale of the used alternators would be as follows (numbers in parentheses indicate an outflow): Years 1 10 ... $ 90,000 Year 11 ........ (20,000) Year 12 ........ 100,000 In addition to the above net operating cash flows, UR Company would purchase production equipment costing $200,000 now to use in the rebuilding of the alternators. The equipment would have a 12year life and a $15,000 salvage value. The company's discount rate is 10%.
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92. C Medium Refer To: 149
The present value of the net operating cash flows (sales less cash operating expenses) arising from the rebuilding and sale of the alternators (rounded to the nearest dollar) is: a. $582,735. b. $596,735. c. $577,950. d. $591,950.
93. B Medium Refer To: 149
The net present value of all cash flows associated with this investment (rounded to the nearest dollar) is: a. $377,950. b. $382,735. c. $392,950. d. $362,950.
Reference: 1410 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Westland College has a telephone system that is in poor condition. The system either can be overhauled or replaced with a new system. The following data have been gathered concerning these two alternatives: Present Proposed New System System Purchase cost new ....................... $250,000 $300,000 Accumulated depreciation ................ $240,000 Overhaul costs needed now ............... $230,000 Annual cash operating costs ............. $180,000 $170,000 Salvage value now ....................... $160,000 Salvage value at the end of 8 years ..... $152,000 $165,000 Working capital required ................ $200,000 Westland College uses a 10% discount rate and the total cost approach to capital budgeting analysis. Both alternatives are expected to have a useful life of eight years. 94. B Hard Refer To: 1410
The net present value of the alternative of overhauling the present system is: a. $(1,279,316). b. $(1,119,316). c. $801,284. d. $(1,194,036).
95. A Hard Refer To: 1410
The net present value of the alternative of purchasing the new system is: a. $(1,076,495). b. $(1,236,495). c. $(1,169,895). d. $(969,895).
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Reference: 1411 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Lambert Manufacturing has $60,000 to invest in either Project A or Project B. The following data are available on these projects: Project A Project B Cost of equipment needed now .............. $120,000 $70,000 Working capital investment needed now ..... $50,000 Annual net operating cash inflows ......... $ 50,000 $45,000 Salvage value of equipment in 6 years ..... $ 15,000 Both projects have a useful life of 6 years. At the end of 6 years, the working capital investment will be released for use elsewhere. Lambert's discount rate is 14%. 96. D Medium Refer To: 1411
The net present value of Project A is closest to: a. $82,241. b. $67,610. c. $74,450. d. $81,290.
97. A Medium Refer To: 1411
The net present value of Project B is closest to: a. $77,805. b. $127,805. c. $55,005. d. $105,005.
98. C Medium Refer To: 1411
Which of the following statements is (are) correct? I. Project A is acceptable according to the net present value method. II. Project A has an internal rate of return greater than 14%. a. Only I. b. Only II. c. Both I and II. d. Neither I nor II.
Reference: 1412 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Fast Food, Inc., has purchased a new donut maker. It cost $16,000 and has an estimated life of 10 years. The following annual donut sales and expenses are projected: Sales ..................... $22,000 Expenses: Flour, etc., required in making donuts ... $10,000 Salaries ............... 6,000 Depreciation ........... 1,600 17,600 Net income ................ $ 4,400
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99. B Medium Refer To: 1412
The payback period on the new machine is closest to: a. 5 years. b. 2.7 years. c. 3.6 years. d. 1.4 years.
100. C Easy Refer To: 1412
The simple rate of return for the new machine is closest to: a. 20%. b. 37.5%. c. 27.5%. d. 80.0%.
Reference: 1413 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Purvell Company has just acquired a new machine. Data on the machine follow: Purchase cost ............ $50,000 Annual cost savings ...... 15,000 Life of the machine ...... 8 years The company uses straightline depreciation and a $5,000 salvage value. (The company considers salvage value in making depreciation deductions.) Assume cash flows occur uniformly throughout a year. 101. A Easy Refer To: 1413
The payback period would be closest to: a. 3.33 years. b. 3.0 years. c. 8.0 years. d. 2.9 years.
102. C Medium Refer To: 1413
The simple rate of return would be closest to: a. 30.0%. b. 17.5%. c. 18.75%. d. 12.5%.
Reference: 1414 (Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Hanley Company purchased a machine for $125,000 that will be depreciated on the straightline basis over a fiveyear period with no salvage value. The related cash flow from operations is expected to be $45,000 a year. These cash flows from operations occur uniformly throughout the year. 103. C Easy CPA adapted Refer To: 1414
What is the payback period? a. 2.1 years. b. 2.3 years. c. 2.8 years. d. 4.2 years.
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104. A Easy CPA adapted Refer To: 1414
What is the simple rate of return on the initial investment? a. 16%. b. 24%. c. 28%. d. 36%.
Essay 105. Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Prince Company’s required rate of return is 10%. The company is considering the purchase of three machines, as indicated below. Consider each machine independently. Required: a. Machine A will cost $25,00 and have a life of 15 years. Its salvage value will be $1,000, and cost savings are projected at $3,500 per year. Compute the machine’s net present value. b. How much will Prince Company be willing to pay for Machine B if the machine promises annual cash inflows of $5,000 per year for 8 years? c. Machine C has a projected life of 10 years. What is the machine's internal rate of return if it costs $30,000 and will save $6,000 annually in cash operating costs? Interpolate to the nearest tenth of a percent. Would you recommend purchase? Explain. Answer: a. 10% Present Year Amount Factor Value Investment required now ($25,000) 1.000 ($25,000) Annual cost savings 115 3,500 7.606 26,621 Salvage value ..... 15 1,000 0.239 239 Net present value $ 1,860 b. 10% Present Year Amount Factor Value Annual cash inflows 18 $ 5,000 5.335 $26,675 Since the present value of the cash inflows is $26,675, the company should be willing to pay up to this amount to acquire the machine.
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c. Investment required ÷ Net annual cash flow = Factor of the internal rate of return $30,000 ÷ %6,000 = 5.000 14% factor ............ 5.216 5.216 True factor ........... 5.000 16% factor ............ 4.833 0.216 0.383 14% + 2%(0.216 ÷ 0.383) = 15.1% The machine should be purchased, since the internal rate of return is greater than the required rate of return. 106. Medium
Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Ursus, Inc., is considering a project that would have a tenyear life and would require a $1,000,000 investment in equipment. At the end of ten years, the project would terminate and the equipment would have no salvage value. The project would provide net income each year as follows: Sales ................................ $2,000,000 Less variable expenses ............... 1,400,000 Contribution margin .................. 600,000 Less fixed expenses .................. 400,000 Net income ........................... $ 200,000 All of the above items, except for depreciation of $100,000 a year, represent cash flows. The depreciation is included in the fixed expenses. The company's required rate of return is 12%. Required: a. Compute the project's net present value. b. Compute the project's internal rate of return, interpolating to the nearest tenth of a percent. c. Compute the project's payback period. d. Compute the project's simple rate of return. Answer: a. Since depreciation is the only noncash item on the income statement, the net annual cash flow can be computed by adding back depreciation to net income. Net income ............. $200,000 Depreciation ........... 100,000 Net annual cash flow ... $300,000 12% Present Years Amount Factor Value Initial investment .. Now $(1,000,000) 1.000 $(1,000,000) Net annual cash flows ............. 110 300,000 5.650 1,695,000
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Net present value $ 695,000
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b. The formula for computing the factor of the internal rate of return (IRR) is: Investment required ÷ Net annual cash inflow = Factor of the IRR $1,000,000 ÷ $300,000 = 3.333 26% factor ........ 3.465 3.465 True factor ....... 3.333 28% factor ........ 3.269 0.132 0.196 26% + 2%(0.132 ÷0.196) = 27.3% c. The formula for the payback period is: Investment required ÷ Net annual cash inflow = Payback period $1,000,000 ÷ $300,000 = 3.33 years d. The formula for the simple rate of return is: Net income ÷ Initial investment = Simple rate of return $200,000 ÷ $1,000,000 = 20.0% 107. Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The following data concern an investment project: Investment in equipment ........... $16,000 Net annual cash inflows ........... $ 3,600 Working capital required .......... $ 4,500 Salvage value of the equipment .... $ 2,000 Life of the project ............... 12 years Discount rate ..................... 14% The working capital will be released for use elsewhere at the conclusion of the project. Required: Compute the project's net present value. Answer: 14% Present Item Years Amount Factor Value Investment now ($16,000) 1.000 ($16,000) Annual cash inflows ............... 112 3,600 5.660 20,376 Working capital required .............. now (4,500) 1.000 (4,500) Working capital released .............. 12 4,500 0.208 936 Salvage value equipment ............. 12 2,000 0.208 416 Net present value ....... $ 1,228
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108. Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Bradley Company's required rate of return is 14%. The company has an opportunity to be the exclusive distributor of a very popular consumer item. No new equipment would be needed, but the company would have to use onefourth of the space in a warehouse it owns. The warehouse cost $200,000 new. The warehouse is currently half empty and there are no other plans to use the empty space. In addition, the company would have to invest $100,000 in working capital to carry inventories and accounts receivable for the new product line. The company would have the distributorship for only 5 years. The distributorship would generate a $17,000 net annual cash inflow. Required: What is the net present value of the project at a discount rate of 14%? Should the project be accepted? Answer: 14% Present Years Amount Factor Value Working capital investment Now $(100,000) 1.000 $(100,000) Annual cash inflows ...... 15 17,000 3.433 58,361 Working capital released 5 100,000 0.519 51,900 Net present value ........ $ 10,261 Yes, the distributorship should be accepted since the project has a positive net present value.
109. Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Monson Company is considering three investment opportunities with cash flows as described below: Project A: Cash investment now ..................... $15,000 Cash inflow at the end of 5 years ....... $21,000 Cash inflow at the end of 8 years ....... $21,000 Project B: Cash investment now ..................... $11,000 Annual cash outflow for 5 years ......... $ 3,000 Additional cash inflow at the end of 5 years ............................ $21,000 Project C: Cash investment now ..................... $21,000 Annual cash inflow for 4 years .......... $11,000 Cash outflow at the end of 3 years ...... $ 5,000 Additional cash inflow at the end of 4 years ............................ $15,000 Required: Compute the net present value of each project assuming Monson Company uses a 12% discount rate.
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Answer: Project A: 12% Present Amount Factor Value Cash investment now.............. ($15,000) 1.000 ($15,000) Cash inflow at the end of 5 years $21,000 0.567 $11,907 Cash inflow at the end of 8 years $21,000 0.404 $ 8,484 Net present value................ $ 5,391 Project B: 12% Present Amount Factor Value Cash investment now.............. ($11,000) 1.000 ($11,000) Annual cash outflow for 5 years.. ($ 3,000) 3.605 ($10,815) Additional cash inflow at the end of 5 years............... $21,000 0.567 $11,907 Net present value................ ($ 9,908) Project C: 12% Present Amount Factor Value Cash investment now.............. ($21,000) 1.000 ($21,000) Annual cash inflow for 4 years... $11,000 3.037 $33,407 Cash outflow at the end of 3 years........................ ($ 5,000) 0.712 ($ 3,560) Additional cash inflow at the end of 4 years................. $15,000 0.636 $ 9,540 Net present value................ $18,387 110. Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Jim Bingham is considering starting a small catering business. He would need to purchase a delivery van and various equipment costing $125,000 to equip the business and another $60,000 for inventories and other working capital needs. Rent for the building used by the business will be $35,000 per year. Jim's marketing studies indicate that the annual cash inflow from the business will amount to $120,000. In addition to the building rent, annual cash outflow for operating costs will amount to $40,000. Jim wants to operate the catering business for only six years. He estimates that the equipment could be sold at that time for 4% of its original cost. Jim uses a 16% discount rate. Required: Would you advise Jim to make this investment?
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Answer: 16% Present Description Years Amount Factor Value Van & equipment ..... 0 ($125,000) 1.000 ($125,000) Working capital ..... 0 ($ 60,000) 1.000 ($ 60,000) Building rent ....... 16 ($ 35,000) 3.685 ($128,975) Net annual cash inflow ............ 16 $ 80,000 3.685 $294,800 Salvage value, equipment ......... 6 $ 5,000 0.410 $ 2,050 Release of working capital ........... 6 $ 60,000 0.410 $ 24,600 Net present value $ 7,475 111. Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) General Manufacturing Company consists of several divisions, one of which is the Transportation Division. The company has decided to dispose of this division since it no longer fits the company's longterm strategy. An offer of $9,000,000 has been received from a prospective buyer. If General retained the division, the company would operate the division for only nine years, after which the division would no longer be needed and would be sold for $600,000. If the company retains the division, an immediate investment of $500,000 would need to be made to update equipment to current standards. Annual net operating cash flows would be $1,805,000 if the division is retained. The company’s discount rate is 12%. Required: Using the net present value method, determine whether General Manufacturing should accept or reject the offer made by the potential buyer. Answer: 12% Present Year Explanation Amount Factor Value o 0 Investment to update assets $ (500,000) 1.000 $ (500,000) 19 Annual cash inflows ....... 1,805,000 5.328 9,617,040 9 Selling price for the division ............ 600,000 0.361 216,600 Net present value ......... $9,333,640 The sales price of $9,000,000 is less than the present value of the cash flows resulting from retaining the division. General thus should not accept the offer.
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112. Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Mark Stevens is considering opening a hobby and craft store. He would need $100,000 to equip the business and another $40,000 for inventories and other working capital needs. Rent on the building used by the business will be $24,000 per year. Mark estimates that the annual cash inflow from the business will amount to $90,000. In addition to building rent, annual cash outflow for operating costs will amount to $30,000. Mark plans to operate the business for only six years. He estimates that the equipment and furnishings could be sold at that time for 10% of their original cost. Mark uses a discount rate of 16%. Required: Would you advise Mark to make this investment? Use the net present value method. Answer: 16% Present Description Years Amount Factor Value o Equipment ........... 0 ($100,000) 1.000 ($100,000) Working capital ..... 0 ($ 40,000) 1.000 ($ 40,000) Building rent ....... 16 ($ 24,000) 3.685 ($ 88,440) Net annual cash inflow ............ 16 $ 60,000 3.685 $221,100 Salvage value, equipment ......... 6 $ 10,000 0.410 $ 4,100 Release of working capital ........... 6 $ 40,000 0.410 $ 16,400 Net present value $ 13,160
113. Medium
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Vernon Company has been offered a 7year contract to supply a part for the military. After careful study, the company has developed the following estimated data relating to the contract: Cost of equipment needed ............................. $300,000 Working capital needed ............................... $ 50,000 Annual cash receipts from the delivery of parts, less cash operating costs .......................... $ 70,000 Salvage value of equipment at termination of the contract ....................................... $ 5,000 It is not expected that the contract would be extended beyond the initial contract period. The company's discount rate is 10%. Required: Use the net present value method to determine if the contract should be accepted. Round all computations to the nearest dollar.
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Answer: 10% Present Description Years Amount Factor Value o Equipment ........... 0 ($300,000) 1.000 ($300,000) Working capital ..... 0 ($ 50,000) 1.000 ($ 50,000) Net annual cash inflow ............ 17 $ 70,000 4.868 $340,760 Salvage value, equipment ......... 7 $ 5,000 0.513 $ 2,565 Release of working capital ........... 7 $ 50,000 0.513 $ 25,650 Net present value $ 18,975 114. Hard
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) AB Company is considering the purchase of a machine that promises to reduce operating costs by the same amount for every year of its 6year useful life. The machine will cost $83,150 and has no salvage value. The machine has a 20% internal rate of return. Required: What is the annual cost savings promised by the machine? Answer: Investment required ÷ Net annual cash inflow = Factor of the internal rate of return $83,150 ÷ Net annual cash inflow = 3.326 $83,150 ÷ 3.326 = Net annual cash inflow = $25,000
115. Easy
(Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Ferris Company has an old machine that is fully depreciated but has a current salvage value of $5,000. The company wants to purchase a new machine that would cost $60,000 and have a 5year useful life and zero salvage value. Expected changes in annual revenues and expenses if the new machine is purchased are: Increased revenues ............... $63,000 Increased expenses: Salary of additional operator .. $20,000 Supplies ....................... 9,000 Depreciation ................... 12,000 Maintenance .................... 4,000 45,000 Increased net income .............. $18,000 Required: a. Compute the payback period on the new equipment. b. Compute the simple rate of return on the new equipment. Answer: a. Investment required ÷ Net annual cash inflow = Payback period $60,000 $5,000) ÷ ($18,000 + $12,000) = 1.83 years (rounded) b. Incremental net income ÷ Investment = Simple rate of return
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$18,000 ÷ $55,000 = 32.7% (rounded)
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