after the following verbs (to love, to hate, to think, etc.)
first ... then
now at the moment Look! Listen!
Simple Past or Past Simple
last ... ... ago in 1990 yesterday
Past Progressive or Past Continuous
how often something happens
often
never
Present Progressive or Present Continuous
Form
Examples negative
Examples interrogative
I work work..
I don't don't work work..
Do I Do I work work? ?
He work works s.
He doesn't work work..
Does he Does he work? work ?
I go go..
I don't don't go go..
Do I Do I go go? ?
He go goes es..
He doesn't doesn't go go..
Does he Does he go go? ?
I'm work working ing..
I'm not I'm not work working ing..
Am I Am I work wor king ing? ?
He isn't work working ing..
Is he Is he working work ing? ?
I'm not go going ing..
Am I Am I go going ing? ?
He isn't go going ing..
Is he Is he go going ing? ?
I didn't work work..
Did I Did I work work? ?
He didn't work work..
Did he Did he work work? ?
I didn't go go..
Did I Did I go go? ?
He didn't go go..
Did he Did he go go? ?
I was work working ing..
I wasn't work working ing..
Was I Was I working work ing? ?
He was work working ing..
He wasn't work working ing..
Was he Was he working work ing? ?
I was go going ing..
I wasn't go going ing..
Was I Was I go going ing? ?
He was go going ing..
He wasn't go going ing..
Was he Was he going go ing? ?
I have work worked ed..
I haven't work worked ed..
Have I Have I worked work ed? ?
He has He has work worked ed..
He hasn't He hasn't work worked ed..
Has he Has he worked work ed? ?
I have gone gone..
I haven't gone gone..
Have I Have I gone gone? ?
He has He has gone gone..
He hasn't He hasn't gone gone..
Has he Has he gone gone? ?
I have been working work ing..
I haven't been working work ing..
Have I been Have I working work ing? ?
He has He has been working work ing..
He hasn't He hasn't been working work ing..
Has he been Has he working work ing? ?
I have been go going ing..
I haven't been going go ing..
Have I been Have I going go ing? ?
He has He has been go going ing..
He hasn't He hasn't been going go ing..
Has he been Has he going go ing? ?
I had work worked ed..
I hadn't work worked ed..
Had I Had I worked work ed? ?
He had work worked ed..
He hadn't work worked ed..
Had he Had he worked work ed? ?
I hadn't gone gone..
Had I Had I gone gone? ?
He hadn't gone gone..
Had he Had he gone gone? ?
infinitive he/she/it + -s
future meaning: timetables, programmes something is happening at the same time of speaking or around it
He's work working ing.. to be (am/are/is) + (am/are/is) + future meaning: when infinitive + -ing I'm go going ing.. you have already decided and He's go He's going ing.. arranged to arranged to do it (a fixed plan, date) action took place in the past, mostly connected with an expression of time (no connection to the present)
I work worked ed.. regular: He work worked ed.. infinitive + -ed irregular: I went went.. 2nd column of table of irregular verbs He went went..
an action happened in the middle of another action while
Examples affirmative
someone was doing sth. at a certain time (in the past) - you do not know whether it was finished or not
was/were + was/were + infinitive + -ing
just yet never Simple Present Perfect or Present Perfect
ever already so far, up to now, since
you say that sth. has happened or is finished in the past and it has a connection to the present action started in the past and continues up to the present
have/has + past have/has + participle* participle * *(infinitive *(infinitive + + -ed -ed)) or (3rd column of table of irregular verbs)
for recently all day Present Perfect Progressive or Present Perfect Continuous
the whole day how long
how long the action has been happening
have/has + been have/has + been + + infinitive + -ing
since for
Simple Past Perfect or Past Perfect (Simple)
action began in the past and has just stopped
already just never
emphasis: length of time of an action mostly when two actions in a story are related to each other: the action which had already happened is put into Past Perfect, the other action into Simple Past the past of the Present Perfect
had + past had + participle* participle *
*(infinitive *(infinitive + + -ed -ed)) or I had gone gone.. (3rd column of table of irregular verbs) He had gone gone..
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Past Perfect Progressive or Past Perfect Continuous
how long since for
how long something had been happening before something else happened
had + been had + been + + infinitive + ing
predictions about the future (you think that sth. will happen)
will - future
you decide to do sth. spontaneously at the time of speaking, you haven't made a decision before
I had been work working ing..
I hadn't been working work ing..
Had I been Had I working work ing? ?
He had been working work ing..
He hadn't been working work ing..
Had he been Had he working work ing? ?
I had been go going ing..
I hadn't been go going ing..
Had I been Had I going go ing? ?
He had been go going ing..
He hadn't been going go ing..
Had he been Had he going go ing? ?
I'll work work..
I won't work work..
Will I Will I work work? ?
He'll He'll work work..
He won't He won't work work..
Will he Will he work work? ?
I'll go go..
I won't go go..
Will I Will I go go? ?
He'll He'll go go..
He won't go go..
Will he Will he go go? ?
I'm going to work work..
I'm not going to work.. work
Am I go Am I going ing to work? work ?
He's He's going to work work..
He's He's not going to work.. work
Is he go Is he going ing to work work? ?
I'm going to go go..
I'm not going to go go..
Am I go Am I going ing to go? go ?
He's He's going to go go..
He's He's not going to go.. go
Is he go Is he going ing to go go? ?
I'll be work working ing..
I won't be work working ing..
Will I be Will I working work ing? ?
He'll He'll be work working ing..
He won't be working work ing..
Will he be Will he working work ing? ?
I'll be go going ing..
I won't be go going ing..
Will I be Will I going go ing? ?
He'll He'll be go going ing..
He won't be go going ing..
Will he be Will he going go ing? ?
I'll have work worked ed..
I won't have worked work ed..
Will I have Will I worked work ed? ?
He'll He'll have work worked ed..
He won't have worked work ed..
Will he have Will he worked work ed? ?
I won't have gone gone..
Will I have Will I gone? gone ?
He won't have gone gone..
Will he have Will he gone? gone ?
I'll have been working work ing..
I won't have been working work ing..
Will I have Will I been work orking ing? ?
He'll He'll have been working work ing..
He won't have been working work ing..
Will he have Will he been working work ing? ?
I'll have been go going ing..
I won't have been going go ing..
Will I have Will I been working work ing? ?
He'll He'll have been going go ing..
He won't have been going go ing..
Will he have Will he been working work ing? ?
I would work work..
I wouldn't work.. work
Would I Would I work? work ?
He would work work..
He wouldn't wouldn't work work..
Would he Would he work? work ?
I would go go..
I wouldn't wouldn't go go..
Would I Would I go go? ?
He would go go..
He wouldn't go.. go
Would he Would he go? go ?
I would be work working ing..
I wouldn't be working work ing..
Would I be Would I working work ing? ?
He would be working work ing..
He wouldn't be working work ing..
Would he be Would he working work ing? ?
I would be go going ing..
I wouldn't be go going ing..
Would I be Would I going go ing? ?
He would be go going ing..
He wouldn't be going go ing..
Would he be Would he going go ing? ?
I would have worked work ed..
I wouldn't have worked work ed..
Would I have Would I worked work ed? ?
He wouldn't have worked work ed..
Would he Would he have worked work ed? ?
I wouldn't have
Would I Would I have
will + will + infinitive
main clause in type I of the if clauses
going to - future
when you have already decided to do sth. in the future
be (am/are/is) + (am/are/is) + going to + to + infinitive
what you think what will happen
Future Progressive or Future Continuous
An action will be in progress at a certain time in the future. This action has begun before the certain time.
will + be will + be + + infinitive + ing
Something happens because it normally happens.
Simple Future Perfect or Future Perfect Simple
Future Perfect Progressive or Future Perfect Continuous
sth. will already have happened before a certain time in the future
sth. will already have happened before a certain time in the future
will + have will + have + + past participle* participle *
*(infinitive *(infinitive + + -ed -ed)) or (3rd column of I'll have gone gone.. table of irregular verbs) He'll He'll have gone gone..
will + will + have + been + infinitive infinitive + + ing
emphasis: length of time of an action
sth. that might happen Conditional Simple
would + would + infinitive main clause in type II of the if-clauses
Conditional Progressive or Conditional Continuous
Conditional Perfect
sth. that might happen emphasis: length of time of an action
sth. that might have happened in the past (It's too late now.)
would + be would + be + + infinitive + ing
would + have would + have + + past participle* participle*
*(infinitive *(infinitive + + -ed -ed)) or He would have main clause in type III (3rd column of worked work ed.. of the if clauses table of irregular verbs) I would have gone gone..
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Conditional Perfect Progressive or Conditional Perfect Continuous
sth. that might have happened in the past (It's too late now.) emphasis: length of time of an action
would + have + would + been + been + infinitive infinitive + + ing
gone.. gone
gone? gone ?
He would have gone.. gone
He wouldn't have gone.. gone
Would I have Would I gone? gone ?
I would have been working work ing..
I wouldn't have been work working ing..
Would I have Would I been working work ing? ?
He would have been go going ing..
He wouldn't have been go going ing..
Would he Would he have been working work ing? ?
I would have been going go ing..
I wouldn't have been go going ing..
Would I have Would I been go going ing? ?
He would have been He wouldn't have going go ing.. been go going ing..
