1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines

ADLESD

1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES PHILIPPINES

PREAMBLE We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society, society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.

ARTICLE I NATIONAL NATIONAL TERRITORY he national territory comprises the !hilippine archipelago, archipelago, with all the islands and waters embraced therein, and all other territories over which the !hilippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting consisting of its terrestrial, fluvial and aerial domains, including its territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insular shelves, and other submarine areas. he waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the archipelago, regardless of their breadth and dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the !hilippines. ARTICLE II DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES PRINCIPLES Section 1. he 1. he !hilippines is a democratic and republican "tate. "overeignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them.

1

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

























ADLESD


Section 2. he 2. he !hilippines renounces war as an instrument of national policy, policy, adopts the generally accepted principles of international law as part of the law of the land and adheres to the policy of peace, equality, equality, justice, freedom, cooperation, and amity with all nations. Section . Civilian . Civilian authority is, at all times, supreme over the military. military. he Armed Forces of the !hilippines is the protector of the people and the "tate. #ts goal is to secure the sovereignty of the "tate and the integrity of the national territory. Section !. he !. he prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people. he Government may call upon the people to defend the "tate and, in the fulfillment thereof, all citi$ens may be required, under conditions provided by law, to render personal, military or civil service. Section ". he ". he maintenance of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property, and promotion of the general welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all the people of the blessings of democracy. Section #. he #. he separation of Church and "tate shall be inviolable.

STATE POLICIES Section 7. he 7. he "tate shall pursue an independent foreign policy. #n its relations with other states, the paramount consideration consideration shall be national sovereignty, territorial integrity, national interest, and the right to self%determination. self%determination. Section 8. he 8. he !hilippines, consistent with the national interest, adopts and pursues a policy of freedom from nuclear weapons in its territory.



























ADLESD


Section 9. he 9. he "tate shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and independence independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living, and an improved quality of life for all. Section 1$. he 1$. he "tate shall promote social justice in all phases of national development. development. Section 11. he 11. he "tate values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights. Section 12. he 12. he "tate recogni$es the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution. #t shall equally protect the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception. he natural and primary right and duty of parents in the rearing of the youth for civic efficiency and the development of moral character shall receive the support of the Government. Section 1. he 1. he "tate recogni$es the vital role of the youth in nation% building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, intellectual, and social well%being. #t shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs. Section 1!. he 1!. he "tate recogni$es the role of women in nation% building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men. Section 1". he 1". he "tate shall protect and promote the right to health of the people and instill health consciousness among them. Section 1#. he 1#. he "tate shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.



























ADLESD


Section 17. he 17. he "tate shall give priority to education, science and technology, technology, arts, culture, and sports to foster patriotism and nationalism, accelerate social progress, and promote total human liberation and development. development. Section 18. he 18. he "tate affirms labor as a primary social economic force. #t shall protect the rights of wor&ers and promote their welfare. Section 19. he 19. he "tate shall develop a self%reliant and independent national economy effectively controlled by Filipinos. Section 2$. he 2$. he "tate recogni$es the indispensable role of the private sector, encourages private enterprise, and provides incentives to needed investments. Section 21. he 21. he "tate shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform. Section 22. he 22. he "tate recogni$es and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities within the framewor& of national unity and development. Section 2. he 2. he "tate shall encourage non%governmental, community%based, or sectoral organi$ations that promote the welfare of the nation. Section 2!. he 2!. he "tate recogni$es the vital role of communication and information in nation%building. nation%building. Section 2". he 2". he "tate shall ensure the autonomy of local governments. Section 2#. he 2#. he "tate shall guarantee equal access to opportunities opportunities for public service and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law.



























ADLESD


Section 27. he 27. he "tate shall maintain honesty and integrity in the public service and ta&e positive and effective measures against graft and corruption. Section 28. "ubject 28. "ubject to reasonable conditions prescribed by law, the "tate adopts and implements a policy of full public disclosure of all its transactions involving public interest.

ARTICLE III BILL OF RI%HTS

Section 1. 'o 1. 'o person shall be deprived of life, liberty, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws. Section 2. he 2. he right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and sei$ures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue e(cept upon probable cause to be determined personally by the judge after e(amination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be sei$ed. ) abridged. be not shall law contrary purposes for societies or associations, unions, form sectors, private* Section . +. he priv privacy acy of of commu communic nicati ation on and and corres correspon ponden dence ce shall be inviolable e(cept upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise, as prescribed by law.



























ADLESD


. Any evid evidenc ence e obtain obtained ed in in violat violation ion of this this or or the preceding section shall be inadmissible for any purpose in any proceeding. Section !. 'o !. 'o law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of e(pression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances. Section ". 'o ". 'o law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free e(ercise thereof. he free e(ercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed. 'o religious test shall be required for the e(ercise of civil or political rights. Section #. he #. he liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be impaired e(cept upon lawful order of the court. 'either shall the right to travel be impaired e(cept in the interest of national security, public safety, or public health, as may be provided by law. Section 7. he 7. he right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be recogni$ed. Access to official records, and to documents and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to government research data used as basis for policy development, shall be afforded the citi$en, subject to such limitations as may be provided by law. Section 8. he 8. he right of the people, including those employed in the public and private sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged. Section 9. !rivate 9. !rivate property shall not be ta&en for public use without just compensation. compensation. Section 1$. 'o 1$. 'o law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.





























ADLESD


Section 11. Free 11. Free access to the courts and quasi%judicial bodies bodies and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person by reason of poverty. Section 12. +. Any pers person on under under inve investi stigat gation ion for for the the commis commissio sion n of an offense shall have the right to be informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel preferably preferably of his own choice. #f the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he must be provided with one. hese rights cannot be waived e(cept in writing and in the presence of counsel. . 'o tortu torture, re, force force,, violenc violence, e, threa threat, t, intim intimida idatio tion, n, or any other means which vitiate the free will shall be used against him. "ecret detention places, solitary, incommunicado, incommunicado, or other similar forms of detention are prohibited. -. Any conf confess ession ion or or admiss admission ion obta obtain ined ed in viol violati ation on of this or "ection + hereof shall be inadmissible in evidence against him. /. he law law shall shall prov provid ide e for pena penall and civi civill sancti sanction ons s for violations of this "ection as well as compensation to the rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar





























ADLESD


+. 'o pers person on shal shalll be held held to answ answer er for for a crim crimina inall offense without due process of law. . #n all all crimi criminal nal pros prosecu ecutio tions, ns, the the accus accused ed shall shall be be presumed innocent until the contrary is proved, and shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him, to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face, and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of witnesses and the production of evidence in his behalf. 1owever, 1owever, after arraignment, trial may proceed notwithstanding the absence of the accused2 !rovided, that he has been duly notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable. Section 1". he 1". he privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended e(cept in cases of invasion or rebellion, when the public safety requires it. Section 1#. All 1#. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi%judicial, quasi%judicial, or administrative bodies. Section 17. 'o 17. 'o person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself. Section 18.





























ADLESD


+. 0(cessi 0(cessive ve fines fines shal shalll not not be impo imposed sed,, nor nor cruel, cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted. 'either shall death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving heinous crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion perpetua. . he employ employme ment nt of phys physica ical, l, psych psycholo ologic gical, al, or or degrading punishment against any prisoner or detainee or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman conditions shall be dealt with by law. Section 2$. 'o 2$. 'o person shall be imprisoned for debt or non%payment of a poll ta(. Section 21. 'o 21. 'o person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. #f an act is punished by a law and an ordinance, conviction or acquittal under either shall constitute a bar to another prosecution for the same act. Section 22. 'o 22. 'o e( post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.

ARTICLE I& CITI'ENSHIP





























ADLESD


-. hose hose born born befo before re 4anua 4anuary ry +, +, +5-, +5-, of of Filipi Filipino no mothers, who elect !hilippine !hilippine Citi$enship upon reaching the age of majority3 and /. hose hose who who are are natur naturali ali$ed $ed in in the accord accordanc ance e with with law. Section 2. 'atural%born 2. 'atural%born citi$ens are those who are citi$ens of the !hilippines from birth without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect their !hilippine citi$enship. hose who elect !hilippine citi$enship in accordance with paragraph 6-7, "ection + hereof shall be deemed natural%born citi$ens. Section . !hilippine . !hilippine citi$enship may be lost or reacquired in the manner provided by law. Section !. Citi$ens !. Citi$ens of the !hilippines who marry aliens shall retain their citi$enship, unless by their act or omission they are deemed, under the law to have renounced it. Section ". 8ual ". 8ual allegiance of citi$ens is inimical to the national interest and shall be dealt with by law.

ARTICLE & SUFFRA%E





























ADLESD


Section 2. he 2. he Congress shall provide a system for securing the secrecy and sanctity of the ballot as well as a system for absentee voting by qualified Filipinos abroad. he Congress shall also design a procedure for the disabled and the illiterates to vote without the assistance of other persons. 9ntil then, they shall be allowed to vote under e(isting laws and such rules as the Commission on 0lections may promulgate to protect the secrecy of the ballot.

ARTICLE &I THE LE%ISLATI&E DEPARTMENT Section 1. he 1. he legislative power shall be vested in the Congress of the !hilippines which shall consist of a "enate and a 1ouse of :epresentatives, e(cept to the e(tent reserved to the people by the provision on initiative and referendum. Section 2. he 2. he "enate shall be composed of twenty%four "enators who shall be elected at large by the qualified voters of the !hilippines, as may be provided by law. Section . 'o . 'o person shall be a "enator unless he is a natural%born citi$en of the !hilippines and, on the day of the election, is at least thirty%five years of age, able to read and write, a registered voter, and a resident of the !hilippines !hilippines for not less than two years immediately immediately































ADLESD


Section ". +. he 1ous 1ouse e of :epr :eprese esenta ntativ tives es shall shall be be compos composed ed of of not more than two hundred and fifty members, unless otherwise fi(ed by law, who shall be elected from legislative districts apportioned among the provinces, cities, and the




























ADLESD


able to read and write, and, e(cept the party%list representatives, a registered voter in the district in which he shall be elected, and a resident thereof for a period of not less than one year immediately preceding the day of the election. Section 7. he 7. he




























ADLESD


disclosure of their financial and business interests. hey shall notify the 1ouse concerned of a potential conflict of interest that may arise from the filing of a proposed legislation of which they are authors. Section 1. 'o 1. 'o "enator or




























ADLESD


. A majori majority ty of each each 1ouse 1ouse shal shalll consti constitut tute e a quoru quorum m to do business, but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and may compel the attendance of absent




























ADLESD


Section 18. here 18. here shall be a Commission on Appointments consisting of the !resident of the "enate, as e( officio Chairman, twelve "enators, and twelve






























ADLESD


thereto. When the security of the "tate or the public interest so requires and the !resident so states in writing, the appearance shall be conducted in e(ecutive session. Section 2. +. he Congre Congress, ss, by a vote vote of two%th two%third irds s of both both 1ouses in joint session assembled, voting separately, separately, shall have the sole power to declare the e(istence of a state of war. war.





























ADLESD


-. he proc procedu edure re in appr approvi oving ng appro appropri priati ations ons for for the the Congress shall strictly follow the procedure for approving appropriations for other departments and agencies. /. A special special appro appropriat priations ions bill shall shall specify specify the purpose purpose for which it is intended, and shall be supported by funds actually available as certified by the 'ational reasurer, or to be raised by a corresponding revenue proposal therein. =. 'o law law shall shall be pa

d author authori$i i$i

ny tr

fer of of





























ADLESD


. 'o bill bill pass passed ed by either either 1ous 1ouse e shall shall beco become me a law law unless it has passed three readings on separate days, and printed copies thereof in its final form have been distributed to its




























ADLESD


Section 28. +. he rule rule of of ta(ati ta(ation on shall shall be be unifor uniform m and equi equitab table le.. he Congress shall evolve a progressive system of ta(ation. . he Congress Congress may, may, by law, law, authori authori$e $e the the !reside !resident nt to fi( within specified limits, and subject to such limitations and restrictions as it may impose, tariff rates, import and e(port quotas, tonnage and wharfage dues, and other duties or imposts within the framewor& of the national development program





























ADLESD


assigned to the armed forces, or to any penal institution, or government orphanage or leprosarium. -. All All money money coll collect ected ed on on any any ta( levi levied ed for for a speci special al purpose shall be treated as a special fund and paid out for such purpose only. #f the purpose for which a special fund was created has been fulfilled or abandoned, the balance, if any, shall be transferred to the general funds of the Government. Section $. 'o $. 'o law shall be passed increasing the appellate jurisdiction of the the "upreme Court Court as provided in in this Constituti































ADLESD


resident of the !hilippines for at least ten years immediately preceding such election.





























ADLESD


he person having the highest number of votes shall be proclaimed elected, but in case two or more shall have an equal and highest number of votes, one of them shall forthwith be chosen by the vote of a majority of all the




























ADLESD


#f a !resident shall not have been chosen, the ;ice !resident%elect shall act as !resident until a !resident shall have been chosen and qualified.





























ADLESD


upon confirmation by a majority vote of all the




























ADLESD


of the "enate and to the "pea&er of the 1ouse of :epresentatives, their written declaration that the !resident is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Congress shall decide the issue. For that purpose, the Congress shall convene, if it is not in session,

























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































ADLESD


foreign loans obtained or guaranteed by the Government shall be made available to the public. Section 22. Acts 22. Acts which circumvent or negate any of the provisions of this Article shall be considered inimical to the national interest and subject to criminal and civil sanctions, as may be provided by law. law.

ARTICLE (III SOCIAL )USTICE AND HUMAN RI%HTS Section 1. he 1. he Congress shall give highest priority to the enactment of measures that protect and enhance the right of all the people to human dignity, dignity, reduce social, economic, and political inequalities, and remove cultural inequities by equitably diffusing wealth and political power for the common good. o this end, the "tate shall regulate the acquisition, ownership, use, and disposition of property and its increments. Section 2. he 2. he promotion of social justice shall include the commitment to create economic opportunities based on freedom of initiative and self%reliance. LABOR Section . he . he "tate shall afford full protection to labor, local and overseas, organi$ed and unorgani$ed, and promote full employment and equality of employment opportunities opportunities for all. #t shall guarantee the rights of all wor&ers to self%organi$ation, collective bargaining and negotiations, and peaceful concerted activities, including the right to stri&e in accordance with law. law. hey shall be entitled to security of tenure, humane conditions of wor&, and a living wage. hey shall also participate in policy and decision%



























ADLESD


he "tate shall promote the principle of shared responsibility responsibility between wor&ers and employers and the preferential use of voluntary modes in settling disputes, including conciliation, and shall enforce their mutual compliance therewith to foster industrial peace. he "tate shall regulate the relations between wor&ers and employers, recogni$ing the right of labor to its just share in the fruits of production and the right of enterprises to reasonable returns to investments, and to e(pansion and growth. A%RARIAN AND NATURAL RESOURCES REFORM Section !. he !. he "tate shall, by law, underta&e an agrarian reform program founded on the right of farmers and regular farmwor&ers who are landless, to own directly or collectively the lands they till or, in the case of other farmwor&ers, to receive a just share of the fruits thereof. o this end, the "tate shall encourage and underta&e the just distribution of all agricultural lands, subject to such priorities and reasonable retention limits as the Congress may prescribe, ta&ing into account ecological, developmental, or equity considerations, and subject to the payment of just compensation. #n determining retention retention limits, the "tate shall respect the right of small landowners. he "tate shall further provide incentives for voluntary land%sharing. Section ". he ". he "tate shall recogni$e the right of farmers, farmwor&ers, and landowners, as well as cooperatives, and other independent farmersB organi$ations to participate in the planning, organi$ation, and management of the program, and shall provide support to agriculture through appropriate technology and research, and adequate financial, production, mar&eting, and other support services. Section #. he #. he "tate shall apply the principles of agrarian reform or stewardship, whenever applicable in accordance with law, in the disposition or utili$ation of other natural resources, including lands of the public domain under lease or concession suitable to agriculture, subject to prior rights, homestead rights of small settlers, and the



























ADLESD


estates which shall be distributed to them in the manner provided by law. Section 7. he 7. he "tate shall protect the rights of subsistence fishermen, especially of local communities, to the preferential use of the communal marine and fishing resources, both inland and offshore. #t shall provide support to such fishermen through appropriate technology and research, adequate financial, production, and mar&eting assistance, and other services. he "tate shall also protect, develop, and conserve such resources. he protection shall e(tend to offshore fishing grounds of subsistence fishermen against foreign intrusion. Fishwor&ers shall receive a just share s hare from their labor in the utili$ation of marine and fishing resources. Section 8. he 8. he "tate shall provide incentives to landowners to invest the proceeds of the agrarian reform program to promote industriali$ation, industriali$ation, employment creation, and privati$ation of public sector enterprises. Financial instruments used as payment for their lands shall be honored as equity in enterprises of their choice. URBAN LAND REFORM AND HOUSIN% Section 9. he 9. he "tate shall, by law, law, and for the common good, underta&e, in cooperation with the private sector, a continuing program of urban land reform and housing which will ma&e available at affordable cost, decent housing and basic services to under% privileged and homeless citi$ens in urban centers and resettlement areas. #t shall also promote adequate employment opportunities to such citi$ens. #n the implementation implementation of such program the "tate shall respect the rights of small property owners. Section 1$. 9rban 1$. 9rban or rural poor dwellers shall not be evicted nor their dwelling demolished, e(cept in accordance with law and in a just and humane humane manner. manner. 'o resettlement of urban or rural dwellers shall be underta&en without adequate consultation with them and the communities where



























ADLESD


HEALTH Section 11. he 11. he "tate shall adopt an integrated and comprehensive approach to health development which shall endeavor to ma&e essential goods, health and other social services available to all the people at affordable cost. here shall be priority for the needs of the under%privileged, under%privileged, sic&, elderly, elderly, disabled, women, and children. he "tate shall endeavor to provide free medical care to paupers. Section 12. he 12. he "tate shall establish and maintain an effective food and drug regulatory system and underta&e appropriate health, manpower development, development, and research, responsive to the countryBs health needs and problems. Section 1. he 1. he "tate shall establish a special agency for disabled person for their rehabilitation, self%development, self%development, and self%reliance, and their integration into the mainstream of society. society. *OMEN Section 1!. he 1!. he "tate shall protect wor&ing women by providing safe and healthful wor&ing conditions, ta&ing into account their maternal functions, and such facilities and opportunities that will enhance their welfare and enable them to reali$e their full potential in the service of the nation. ROLE AND RI%HTS OF PEOPLE+S OR%ANI'ATIONS Section 1". he 1". he "tate shall respect the role of independent peopleBs organi$ations to enable the people to pursue and protect, within the democratic framewor&, their legitimate and collective interests and aspirations through peaceful and lawful means. !eopleBs organi$ations are bona fide associations of citi$ens with demonstrated capacity to promote the public interest and with identifiable identifiable leadership, membership, and structure.



























ADLESD


Section 1#. he 1#. he right of the people and their organi$ations to effective and reasonable participation at all levels of social, political, and economic decision%ma&ing shall not be abridged. he "tate shall, by law, law, facilitate the establishment of adequate consultation mechanisms. HUMAN RI%HTS Section 17. +. here here is is hereby hereby creat created ed an inde indepen penden dentt offic office e called called the Commission on 1uman :ights. . he Comm Commiss ission ion shall shall be compos composed ed of a Chair Chairma man n and four




























ADLESD


. Adopt Adopt its its opera operatio tional nal guidel guideline ines s and and rules rules of procedure, and cite for contempt for violations thereof in accordance with the :ules of Court3 -. !rovid !rovide e appro appropri priate ate legal legal measu measures res for the protection of human rights of all persons within the !hilippines, !hilippines, as well as Filipinos residing abroad, and provide for preventive measures and legal aid services to the under%privileged whose human rights have been violated or need protection3 /. 0(erci 0(ercise se visit visitori orial al powe powers rs over over jails, jails, pris prisons ons,, or detention facilities3 =. 0stabl 0stablish ish a conti continui nuing ng prog program ram of rese researc arch, h, education, and information to enhance respect for the primacy of human rights3 >. :ecomm :ecommend end to Cong Congres ress s effec effectiv tive e measu measures res to to promote human rights and to provide for compensation to victims of violations of human rights, or their families3 .




























ADLESD


++. !erform !erform such other other duties duties and function functions s as may be provided by law. Section 19. he 19. he Congress may provide for other cases of violations of human rights that should fall within the authority of the Commission, ta&ing into account its recommendations. recommendations.

ARTICLE (I& EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLO%Y, ARTS, CULTURE AND SPORTS

EDUCATION Section 1. he 1. he "tate shall protect and promote the right of all citi$ens to quality education at all levels, and shall ta&e appropriate steps to ma&e such education accessible to all. Section 2. he 2. he "tate shall2 +. 0stabl 0stablish ish,, maint maintai ain, n, and and suppo support rt a comp complet lete, e, adequate, and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people and society3





























ADLESD


/. 0ncour 0ncourage age non% non%for forma mal, l, infor informal mal,, and indig indigeno enous us learning systems, as well as self%learning, independent, independent, and out%of%school study programs particularly those that respond to community needs3 and =. !rovid !rovide e adult adult citi$ citi$ens ens,, the disa disable bled, d, and and out%of out%of%% school youth with training in civics, vocational efficiency, and other s&ills. Section . +. All All educati educationa onall institu institutio tions ns shall shall inclu include de the study study of the Constitution as part of the curricula. . hey hey shall shall inculc inculcate ate patri patrioti otism sm and and nationa nationalilism, sm, foster love of humanity, respect for human rights, appreciation of the role of national heroes in the historical development of the country, teach the rights and duties of citi$enship, strengthen ethical and spiritual values, develop moral character and personal discipline, encourage critical and creative thin&ing, broaden scientific and technological &nowledge, and promote vocational efficiency. -. At the the optio option n e(pre e(presse ssed d in writ writing ing by by the pare parents nts or or guardians, religion shall be allowed to be taught to their children or wards in public elementary and high





























ADLESD


system and shall e(ercise reasonable supervision and regulation of all educational institutions. institutions. . 0ducat 0ducation ional al instit instituti utions ons,, other other than those those establi establishe shed d by religious groups and mission boards, shall be owned solely by citi$ens of the !hilippines or corporations or associations at least si(ty per centum of the capital of which is owned by such citi$ens. he Congress may, however, require increased Filipino equity participation in all educational institutions. he control and administration of educational institutions shall be vested in citi$ens of the !hilippines. !hilippines. 'o educational institution shall be established e(clusively for aliens and no group of aliens shall comprise more than one%third of the enrollment enrollment in any school. he provisions of this sub section shall not apply to schools established for foreign diplomatic personnel and their dependents and, unless otherwise provided by law, law, for other foreign temporary residents. -. All revenu revenues es and and assets assets of of non%s non%stoc toc&, &, non%p non%prof rofit it educational institutions used actually, directly, and e(clusively for educational purposes shall be e(empt from ta(es and duties. 9pon the dissolution or cessation of the corporate e(istence of such institutions, their assets shall be disposed of in the





























ADLESD


actually, directly, and e(clusively for educational purposes shall be e(empt from ta(. Section ". +. the "tate "tate sha shallll ta&e ta&e into into accou account nt regio regional nal and sectoral needs and conditions and shall encourage local planning in the development of educational policies and programs. . Academ Academic ic freedo freedom m shall shall be enjo enjoyed yed in in all insti institut tution ions s of higher learning. -. 0very 0very citi$ citi$en en has has a right right to to select select a prof profess ession ion or or course of study, subject to fair, reasonable, and equitable admission and academic requirements. /. he "tate "tate shal shalll enhan enhance ce the the rig right ht of of teach teachers ers to to professional advancement. 'on%teaching academic and non%academic personnel shall enjoy the protection of the "tate. =. he "tat "tate e shall shall assign assign the high highest est budge budgetar tary y priori priority ty to education and ensure that teaching will attract and retain its rightful share of the best available talents through adequate remuneration and other means of job satisfaction and fulfillment. fulfillment.































ADLESD


Section 7. For 7. For purposes of communication and instruction, the official languages of the !hilippines are Filipino and, until otherwise provided by law, 0nglish. he regional languages are the au(iliary official languages in the regions and shall serve as au(iliary media of instruction therein. "panish and Arabic shall be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis. Section 8. his 8. his Constitution shall be promulgated in Filipino and 0nglish and shall be translated into major regional languages, Arabic, and "panish. "panish. Section 9. he 9. he Congress shall establish a national language commission composed of representatives of various regions and disciplines which shall underta&e, coordinate, and promote researches for the development, propagation, propagation, and preservation of Filipino and other languages.





























ADLESD


Section 12. he 12. he "tate shall regulate the transfer and promote the adaptation of technology from all sources for the national benefit. benefit. #t shall encourage the widest participation of private groups, local governments, and community%based organi$ations in the generation and utili$ation of science and technology. Section 1. he 1. he "tate shall protect and secure the e(clusive rights of scientists, inventors, artists, and other gifted citi$ens to their intellectual property and creations, particularly when beneficial to the people, for such period as may be provided by law. ARTS AND CULTURE Section 1!. he 1!. he "tate shall foster the preservation, enrichment, and dynamic evolution of a Filipino national culture based on the principle of unity in diversity in a climate of free artistic and intellectual e(pression. Section 1". Arts 1". Arts and letters shall enjoy the patronage of the "tate. he "tate shall conserve, promote, and populari$e the nationBs





























ADLESD


other incentives, and community cultural centers, and other public venues. . he "tat "tate e shall shall enco encoura urage ge and and suppo support rt resea research rches es and studies on the arts and culture. SPORTS Section 19. +. he "tat "tate e shall shall prom promote ote physic physical al educa educatio tion n and and encourage sports programs, league competitions, and amateur sports, including training for international competitions, competitions, to foster self%discipline, teamwor&, and e(cellence for the development of a healthy and alert citi$enry. . All educa educatio tional nal insti institut tution ions s shall shall underta underta&e &e regula regularr sports activities throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.





























ADLESD


+. he right right of spouse spouses s to foun found d a famil family y in acco accorda rdance nce with their religious convictions and the demands of responsible parenthood3 . he righ rightt of chil childre dren n to assis assistan tance, ce, incl includi uding ng prope properr care and nutrition, and special protection from all forms of neglect, abuse, cruelty, e(ploitation and other conditions prejudicial to their development3 -. he right right of the famil family y to a fami family ly livin living g wage wage and income3 and /. he right right of famili families es or family family asso associa ciatio tions ns to participate in the planning and implementation implementation of policies and programs that affect them. Section !. he !. he family has the duty to care for its elderly members but the "tate may also do so through just programs of social security. security.





























ADLESD


serve as may be provided by law. #t shall &eep a regular force necessary for the security of the "tate. Section ". +. All member members s of the the arme armed d forces forces shal shalll ta&e ta&e an oath oath or affirmation to uphold and defend this Constitution. . he "tat "tate e shall shall stren strength gthen en the the patrio patriotic tic spir spirit it and and nationalist consciousness of the military, and respect for peopleBs rights in the performance of their duty. duty. -. !rofes !rofessio siona nalis lism m in the the armed armed force forces s and adeq adequat uate e remuneration and benefits of its members shall be a prime concern of the "tate. he armed forces shall be insulated from partisan politics. 'o member of the military shall engage, directly or indirectly, indirectly, in any partisan political activity, e(cept to vote. /. 'o memb member er of the arme armed d force forces s in the the activ active e servic service e































ADLESD


Section #. he #. he "tate shall establish and maintain one police force, which shall be national in scope and civilian in character, character, to be administered and controlled by a national police commission. he authority of local e(ecutives over the police units in their jurisdiction shall be provided by law. Section 7. he 7. he "tate shall provide immediate and adequate care, benefits, and other forms of assistance to war veterans and veterans of military campaigns, their surviving spouses and orphans. Funds shall be provided therefor and due consideration shall be given them in the disposition of agricultural lands of the public domain and, in appropriate cases, in the utili$ation of natural resources.





























ADLESD


. he adve adverti rtisin sing g indust industry ry is impre impressed ssed with with public public interest, and shall be regulated by law for the protection of consumers and the promotion of the general welfare. nly Filipino citi$ens or corporations or associations at least seventy per centum of the capital of which is owned by such citi$ens shall be allowed to engage in the advertising industry. he participation of foreign investors in the governing body of entities in such industry shall be





























ADLESD


centum of the registered voters therein. 'o amendment under this section shall be authori$ed within five years following the ratification of this Constitution nor oftener than once every five years thereafter. thereafter. he Congress shall provide for the implementation implementation of the e(ercise of this right. Section . he . he Congress may, by a vote of two%thirds of all its




























ADLESD


Section 2. he 2. he "enators,




























ADLESD


Section 9. A 9. A sub%province sub%province shall continue to e(ist and operate until it is converted into a regular province or until its component municipalities municipalities are reverted to the mother province. Section 1$. All 1$. All courts e(isting at the time of the ratification of this Constitution shall continue to e(ercise their jurisdiction, until otherwise provided by law. he provisions provisions of the e(isting :ules of Court, judiciary acts, and procedural laws not inconsistent with this Constitution shall remain operative unless amended or repealed by the "upreme Court or the Congress. Section 11. he 11. he incumbent






























ADLESD


new term thereunder. thereunder. #n no case shall any




























ADLESD


Section 2$. he 2$. he first Congress shall give priority to the determination of the period for the full implementation implementation of free public secondary education.





























ADLESD


recovery of ill%gotten wealth shall remain operative for not more than eighteen months after the ratification of this Constitution. 1owever, in the national interest, as certified by the !resident, the Congress may e(tend such period.





























ADLESD

Le/eAitnt FooLe/e-


R5 0 A5/ Do5oco Aonto





























ADLESD


0frain ?. renas

ugum . 9&a ?ernardo <. Wilfrido ;. ;illacorta ;illegas



































































































































































































































































































































































































1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines

Recommend Documents