Training Manual
BLOCK MODELLING
VULCAN 4 – Block Model Training Manual Copyright © 2002 Maptek Pty Limited
All rights reserved. No part of this manual shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise – without written permission from Maptek Maptek Pty Ltd. No patent patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual, the publisher and author(s) assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any any liability assumed for damages resulting resulting from the use of the information contained herein. Trademarks
Microsoft Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. AutoCAD is a registered registered trademark of AutoDesk. Conventions used in this manual
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Telephone: Australian: 61-8-6211 0000 North America: 1-303-763 4919 South America: 56-2-234 4608 ii
Europe: 44-115-947 2000
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Contents Table of Contents VULCAN 4 – Block Model Training Manual............................................................i Table of Contents...................................................................................................... .iv Table of Figures.................................................................................................... ....vii
CHAPTER 1 - BLOCK CONSTRUCTION IN VULCAN ..................................1 What is a Block Model?.......................................................................... .................2 Why do we use Block Models?......................................................... .......................2 Advantages of using block models............................................................................2 How do you create a block model in VULCAN?....................................... .............2 Block Construction............................................................................................. ......3 1.1 Create a Block Definition File (.bdf).................................................. .................3
1.1.5.1 Inversion Examples:................................................................7 1.1.5.2 Projection Axes:......................................................................7 1.2 Create the Block Model.......................................................................................9 Workshop: Creating your first model......................................................... ............9 1. The model origin and orientation (Orientation Panel) ........................................10 4. Creating the model:.................................................. ............................ ................11
CHAPTER 2 – VIEWING BLOCKS IN VULCAN..........................................13 VULCAN Block Viewing Methods............................................................ ............12 Reasons for Viewing Block Models....................................................................... .12 Getting Information about your Block Models.................................. ..................12 2.1 Getting a List of your Block Models.................................................................12 2.2 Opening Your Block Model................................................................... ............13 2.3 Displaying the Block Model Header Information.............................................13 Block Viewing....................................................................................... ..................13 2.4 Generating Contours of the Block Model.........................................................13
CHAPTER 3 – BLOCK MANIPULATION .....................................................16 3.1 Editing a Block Model................................................... ...................... ..............16 3.2 Performing a Calculation on the Block Model ..................................................16
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Contents 3.3 Mining the Block Model................................................... ....................... ..........17 3.4 Using Scripts .................................................. ................................. ...................17
3.4.3.1 Comparison operators:..........................................................18 3.4.3.2 Logical operators:.................................................................18 3.4.3.3 Assignment operators............................................................18 3.4.3.4 Mathematical operators.........................................................18 Workshop Exercise: Scripts........................................................................... ........20 1. Plan your calculation ..................................................................................... .......20 2. Document your work:..................................................................... .....................21 3. Document Temporary Variables.......................................................................... .21 3.5 Adding Block Model Variables................................................................... .......21 3.6 Deleting Variables from a Block Model............................................................22 3.7 Renaming Variables in a Block Model..............................................................22 3.8 Translating a Block Model ................................................... ........................ ......22 3.9 Rotating a Block Model........................................................................ .............22 3.10 Indexing a Block Model.................................................. ............................... ..23 3.11 Assigning Values to a Block Model.................................................................23
CHAPTER FOUR – BLOCK TRANSFER.....................................................25 4.1 Importing a Regular Block Model ............................................................. ........25 4.2 Importing a Sub-blocked Block Model .............................................................26 4.3 Importing Attributes into a Block Model ..........................................................27 4.4 Exporting a Block Model...................................................................................29 4.5 Export Variables to a Map File................................................. .........................30 4.6 Intersect a Drill Hole Database..........................................................................34 4.7 Block Model Addition.................................................. ................................. .....35 Workshop - Block Manipulation, Add.............................................. ....................40 4.8 Regularising a block model.................................................. .............................40 4.9 Deleting Blocks from a block model.................................................................46 4.10 Extracting Blocks to a new Block Model ........................................................48
CHAPTER 5 - INVERSE DISTANCE GRADE ESTIMATION.......................50 Grade Estimation in VULCAN............................................................................. .50 What is Grade Estimation? .................................................. ....................................50 Why use Grade Estimation?.................................................................................. ...50 How do we use Grade Estimation in VULCAN?....................................................50
CHAPTER 6 – BLOCK RESERVES............................................................. 51 Overview – Reserves submenu........................................................... ...................51
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Contents 6.1 Simple Reserves................................................................................... ..............51 6.2 Block Reserves ........................................................................................ ..........56 6.3. Advanced Reserves........................................................................ ...................64
6.3.3.1 Select Polygons as Regions..................................................70 6.3.3.2 Select triangulations as regions.............................................73 6.3.7.1 Open report specification file................................................77 6.3.7.2 Define General Report Details..............................................78 6.3.7.3 Define Column specs............................................................79 6.3.7.4 Define Table Details..............................................................82 6.3.7.5 Save the specification file.....................................................84 6.3.7.6 Reporting the reserves..........................................................85 Workshop - Block Reserves................................................................ ...................86
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Figures Table of Figures FIGURE 1-1: BLOCK MODEL SLICE............................................................1 FIGURE 1-2: REGULAR BLOCK MODEL.....................................................2 FIGURE 1-3: BLOCK MENU..........................................................................3 FIGURE 1-4: BLOCK MODEL UTILITY - ORIENTATION PANEL.................3 FIGURE 1-5: BLOCK MODEL UTILITY – SCHEMES PANEL.......................4 FIGURE 1-6: BLOCK MODEL UTILITY – VARIABLES PANEL....................5 FIGURE 1-7:BLOCK MODEL UTILITY – LIMITS PANEL..............................6 FIGURE 1-8: BLOCK MODEL UTILITY – BOUNDARIES PANEL................7 FIGURE 1-9: INVERSION WITH 3D (SOLID) TRIANGULATIONS................7 FIGURE 1-13: PROJECTION ALONG THE Y AXIS.......................................8 FIGURE 1-15: BLOCK MODEL UTILITY – EXCEPTIONS PANEL...............8 FIGURE 1-16: BLOCK MODEL ORIENTATION PANEL..............................10 FIGURE 1-17: ADD SCHEMA PANEL.........................................................10 FIGURE 1-18: ADD VARIABLE PANEL.......................................................11 FIGURE 1-19: BLOCK CREATE PANEL.....................................................11 FIGURE 2-1: MULTIPLE BLOCK MODEL SLICES.....................................13
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Contents FIGURE 2-3: REPORT WINDOW SHOWING BLOCK MODEL DETAILS. .15 FIGURE 2-4: BLOCK CONTOURS PANEL.................................................15 FIGURE 3-1: BLOCK EDIT PANEL..............................................................16 FIGURE 3-2: BLOCK CALCULATION PANEL............................................16 FIGURE 3-3: STOPE MINING PANEL.........................................................17 FIGURE 3-4: ADD BLOCK MODEL VARIABLE PANEL.............................21 FIGURE 3-5: BLOCK MODEL CHANGE VARIABLE NAME PANEL..........22 FIGURE 3-6: BLOCK MODEL TRANSLATION PANEL..............................22 FIGURE 3-7: BLOCK MODEL ROTATION PANEL......................................23 FIGURE 3-8: INDEX BLOCK MODEL PANEL.............................................23 FIGURE 3-9: ASSIGN BLOCK VALUES PANEL.........................................24 FIGURE 1-4: REGULAR IMPORT PANEL...................................................26 FIGURE 4-2: SUB-BLOCKED IMPORT PANEL..........................................27 FIGURE 4-3: IMPORT ATTRIBUTES INTO MODEL PANEL.......................28 FIGURE 4-4: BLOCK MODEL EXPORT PANEL.........................................29 FIGURE 4-5: THE MASK BLOCK MODEL PANEL.....................................31 FIGURE 4-6: LOAD SAMPLES DATABASE PANEL...................................33
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Contents FIGURE 4-7: INTERSECT DRILLING PANEL.............................................34 FIGURE 4-8: DB INTERSECTION RECORD PANEL..................................34 FIGURE 4-9: DB INTERSECTION FIELDS PANEL.....................................35 FIGURE 4-10: NEW DEFINITION PANEL....................................................36 FIGURE 4-11: BLOCK MODEL PARENT SCHEME PANEL.......................37 FIGURE 4-12: ADD VARIABLE PANEL.......................................................38 FIGURE 4-13: BLOCK MODEL ADD PANEL..............................................39 FIGURE 4-14: MODEL REBLOCKING PANEL...........................................40 FIGURE 4-15: REBLOCKING DIMENSIONS PANEL..................................41 FIGURE 4-16: RESULTING VARIABLES PANEL........................................41 FIGURE 4-17: COMMON BLOCKS..............................................................43 FIGURE 4-18 –REGULAR BLOCK (R), SUB-BLOCKS (S1, S2, S3 AND S4) AND COMMON BLOCKS (C1, C2, C3 AND C4)...................................45 FIGURE 4-19: BLOCK SELECTION PANEL...............................................46 FIGURE 4-20 BLOCK EXTRACTION PANEL..............................................49 FIGURE 6-1: RESERVES SUBMENU..........................................................51 FIGURE 6-2: RESERVES CALCULATION PANEL.....................................52 FIGURE 6-3: RESERVES CUT-OFFS PANEL.............................................52
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Contents FIGURE 6-4: BLOCK SELECTION PANEL.................................................53 FIGURE 6-6: RESERVES REPORT.............................................................54 FIGURE 6-7: POLYGON RESERVE PANEL................................................55 FIGURE 6-8: CONFIRM BOX.......................................................................55 FIGURE 6-9: DATA SOURCES ...................................................................56 FIGURE 6-10: GRADE NAMES PANEL.......................................................57 FIGURE 6-11: BREAKDOWN NAMES PANEL............................................57 FIGURE 6-12: GRADE CUT-OFFS PANEL..................................................57 FIGURE 6-13: SOLID MODEL LIST PANEL................................................58 FIGURE 6-14: SOLID MODEL LIST PANEL WITH TRIANGULATIONS.....58 FIGURE 6-15: PICK DATA SOURCE PANEL..............................................58 FIGURE 6-16: BLOCK MODEL PANEL.......................................................59 FIGURE 6-17: BLOCK MODEL GRADE VARIABLES PANEL...................59 FIGURE 6-18: BLOCK MODEL BREAKDOWN VARIABLES PANEL........60 FIGURE 6-19: SAVE REPORT FORMAT PANEL........................................60 FIGURE 6-20: COMPLETE REPORT PANEL..............................................61 FIGURE 6-21: RESERVE LISTING SHOWING A COMPLETE REPORT...61
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Contents FIGURE 6-22: RESERVE LISTING SHOWING AN ABOVE CUT-OFF REPORT........................................................................................................62 FIGURE 6-23: UNFORMATTED DUMP PANEL...........................................62 FIGURE 6-24: RESERVE LISTING SHOWING A DUMP REPORT.............63 FIGURE 6-25: OPEN RESERVES SPECIFICATION FILE PANEL.............65 FIGURE 6-26: BREAKDOWN FIELDS PANEL............................................65 FIGURE 6-27: A BLOCK INSIDE A RESERVE REGION THAT HAS BEEN 0.3 MINED (70% AVAILABLE).....................................................................67 FIGURE 6-28: A BLOCK 50% INSIDE A RESERVE REGION THAT HAS BEEN 0.3 MINED (70% AVAILABLE)..........................................................68 FIGURE 6-29: SECOND BREAKDOWN FIELDS PANEL...........................68 FIGURE 6-30: GRADE VARIABLES PANEL...............................................69 FIGURE 6-31: GRADE CUT-OFFS PANEL..................................................70 FIGURE 6-32: DEFINE REGIONS BY POLYGON PANEL..........................71 FIGURE 6-33: MULTIPLE SELECTION BOX..............................................72 FIGURE 6-34: CONFIRM BOX.....................................................................72 FIGURE 6-35: RENAME REGION PANEL...................................................73 FIGURE 6-36:SELECT TRIANGULATIONS PANEL...................................73 FIGURE 6-37: SET GROUP NAME PANEL.................................................73
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Contents FIGURE 6-38: RESERVE REGION REPORT PANEL.................................74 FIGURE 6-39: BLOCK SELECTION PANEL...............................................74 FIGURE 6-40: SAVE RESERVES SPECIFICATION FILE PANEL..............76 FIGURE 6-41: CALCULATE RESERVES PANEL.......................................77 FIGURE 6-42: OPEN REPORT SPECIFICATION FILE PANEL..................77 FIGURE 6-43: GLOBAL REPORT PARAMETERS PANEL........................78 FIGURE 6-44: REPORT COLUMNS PANEL...............................................79 FIGURE 6-45: REPORT TABLES PANEL...................................................83 FIGURE 6-46: SAVE REPORT SPECIFICATION FILE PANEL...................85 FIGURE 6-47: CREATE REPORT PANEL...................................................85
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