--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
12I P60009 HARI SH. H. N
I N THEHONOURABL ESUPREME ME COURTOFI NDI A NEW DELHI ,I NDI A
WRI TPETI TI ON _ _ /2012 R RTI CLE 3 TUTI ON OFI UNDE A 2OF THE CONSTI NDI A
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SWA WASTH NAGRI K ( PETI TI ONER)
V.
UNI ON OFI NDI A ( RESPONDENTS) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
MEMO MORI ALON BEHA HAL FOF PETI TI ONERS 2012 i
--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
TABLE OF CONTENTS
[A].
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS..........................................................................................iii
[B].
INDEX OF AUTHORITIES..............................................................................................iv
[C].
STATEMENT OF JURISDICTION.................................................................................v
[D].
STATEMENT OF FACTS...............................................................................................vi
[E].
ISSUES RAISED............................................................................................................xiv
I.
Whehe! The C"#! H$% Re&#i%ie J#!i%'i(i") T" M$i)$i) Thi% Peii")*....................xiv
II. Whehe! The P!"vi%i") I% Vi"+$ive O, A!i(+e ", C")%i#i") ", I)'i$*..................xiv [F].
SUMMAR/ OF PLEADIN0S........................................................................................xv
[0].
P LEA D I N0 S ADVANCED...........................................................................................
[A].
PRA/ER FOR RELIEF...................................................................................................1
i
--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
[A]. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ABBREVIATION
EXPANSION
.
¶
P$!$2!$3h
4.
AIR
A++ I)'i$ Re3"!
5.
A)!
A)"he!
. 6. 7.
A!. C$+ C"
A!i(+e C$+(#$ C"83$)9
:.
E'
E'ii")
;. .
ER L'
E)2+$)' Re3"!% Li8ie'
4.
M.P
M$'h9$ P!$'e%h
5. . 6.
O!%.
Ohe!%
=.
Pv. RBI SC
P!iv$e Re%e!ve B$)< O, I)'i$ S#3!e8e C"#!
7.
SCC
S#3!e8e C"#! C$%e%
:.
SCR
S#3!e8e C"#! Re3"!%
;.
U.O.I U.P
U)i") ", I)'i$ U$! P!$'e%h
v. V"+.
Ve!%#% V"+#8e
S.No
41. 44. 45.
ii
--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
[B]. INDEX OF AUTHORITIES
CONSTITUTION OF I NDIA I. LIST OF STATUTES
. BIHAR MUNICIPALIT/ ACT> 4117
II. LIST OF CASES REFERRED S.NO
CASES
CITATION
¶
.
4.
Assistant Commission, Commercial Tax Dept., Work 411 ?@ $!LJ 46= Contract and Leasing, Kota v. Shukla and Brother Aswini Kumar v. Arinda Bose AIR ;64 SC 5=;
5
5.
Baan !aik v. "nion o# $ndia
AIR ;7; 0"$
5:
.
Bachan Singh v. State o# %un&a
AIR ;:4 SC 5:4
5;
6.
Budhan Choudhr' v. State o# Bihar
AIR ;66 SC ;
=.
Chinran&it Lal v. "nion o# $ndia
AIR ;61 SC
7.
(ood Corporation o# $ndia v. Bhanu Lodh
?4116@ 5 SCC =:
4
:.
)odge v. )odge
A++ ER 56; ?*++ @ CA
54
;.
$ndian )ume %ipe Co. Ltd. V. State
?411;@ 6 SCC :7
;
1.
atinder Kumar v. State o# %un&a
AIR ;: SC ;65
5
.
Kapurchand Kesaimal ain v. State o# -aharastra
?;75@ 5 SCC 4;;
4.
Keshaanda Bharathi v. State o# Kerala
AIR =
5.
Kun& Behari Lal v. State o# )imachal %radesh
AIR 4111 SC 1=;
5:
.
Lakshmana v. State o# -.%
?;:5@ UJSC ;; 3.5
6
6.
-/s Bengal Chemical 0 %harmaceutical Works Ltd.> AIR ;6; SC =55 v. Their Workmen AIR ;7: SC 6;7 -aneka v. "nion o# $ndia
.
=. 7. :.
;75
SC
-aster Construction 1%2 Ltd v. State o# 3rissa and ?4116@ SCC : Anr ?411@ SCC 56: -athai v. 4eorge and Anr iii
5
=
5: 5 7
--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
;.
!ational )uman 5ights Commission . State o# AIR Arunachal %radesh 45
41.
3m %rakash Sood v. "nion o# $ndia
4.
%rana Kumar 5o' v. 5B$
AIR ;;5 C$+ 61
44.
%ritam Singh v. The State
AIR ;61 SC =;
4
45.
%un&a Beerages %t Ltd., v. Suresh Chand and Anr
;7: SCR ?5@ 571
4;
4.
5.K. 4arg v. "nion o# $ndia
AIR ;: SC 45:
46
46.
5am %rasad v. State o# Bihar
AIR ;65 SC 46
5
4=.
5amakant 5ai v. -adan 5ai 0 3rs
AIR 411 SC 77
6
47.
Sakharam v. State o# -aharastra
AIR ?;75@ SC 45
1
4:.
State o# %un&a v. oginder
AIR ;=5 SC ;5
57
III.
;;=
SC
?4117@ 7 SCC 75
7
=
LIST OF BOOKS REFERRED
S.N
BOOK TITLE
¶
O
.
CORPUS JURIS SECUNDUM , ?6h E'.> We%@ V"+. 66
4
4.
5.
D#!2$ D$% B$%#> COMMENTAR/ O N THE CONSTITUTION OF I NDIA> ?:h E'.> W$'$ N$23#!@ V"+ H$+#!9% LAWS OF E N0LAND , ?h E').@> V"+.
.
Je))i)2%> LAW OF THE CONSTITUTION , ?6h E'.> L")'") U)ive!%i9 P!e%%@
46
6.
M.P. J$i)> I NDIAN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW> 4=6 ?= TH E'.> Lexi% Nexi% B#e!
4
W"!h% W$'h$ 41@ =.
Ve)<$$!$8i9$% LAW LEXICON-VOLUME > ?HUMAN R I0HTS@
:
7.
Ve3$ P. S$!$hi> I NTERPRETATION OF STATUTES> ?TH E'.> E$%e!) B""< C"83$)9@
51
iv
--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
[C]. STATEMENT OF JURISDICTION
The H")"!$+e S#3!e8e C"#! ", I)'i$ ($) exe!(i%e i% #!i%'i(i") #)'e! A!i(+e 54 ", he C")%i#i") ", I)'i$. The A33e++$) 8"% h#8+9 $)' !e%3e(,#++9 %#8i% " he #!i%'i(i") ", he H")"!$+e S#3!e8e C"#! ", I)'i$.
[D].
STATEMENT OF FACTS
. The e+e(i") ,"! P$)$ M#)i(i3$+ C"!3"!$i") $% he+' '#!i)2 M$9J#)e ", 4117 hi(h v
--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
("83!i%e% ", 74 8e8e! %e$%. A,e! he e+e(i") $++ he e+e(e' 8e8e!% i++ e+e( he M$9"! $)' De3#9 M$9"!.
4. I) hi% e+e(i") ("#)(i+"!% e+e(e' Sh!i S$)$9 #8$! $% he M$9"! $)' Sh!i S$)"%h Meh$ $% he De3#9 M$9"!. T" 9e$!% $,e! he e+e(i")%> )" ("),i'e)(e 8"i")% e!e 8"ve' $2$i)% "h ", he8 ") 5.1=.411; $)' 3$%%e' ") .17.411; e!e 4 8e8e!% v"e' i) ,$v"#!> 4: "33"%e' $)' " e!e $%e).
5. F"++"i)2 hi% S$)$9 #8$! (h$++e)2e' he 'e(i%i") ") )" ("),i'e)(e 8"i") 9 ,i+i)2 $ !i 3eii") i) P$)$ Hi2h C"#! $)' $% $++"e' ,"++"e' 9 %$9 "!'e! 9 he Si)2+e J#'2e. Thi% "!'e! $% (h$++e)2e' i) $) $33e$+ i) he Divi%i")$+ Be)(h ", P$)$ Hi2h C"#! $)' he Divi%i")$+ Be)(h !eve!%e' he J#'28e) 2ive) 9 %i)2+e #'2e 9 i% #'28e) ") .16.411.
. Thi% 'e(i%i") 9 Divi%i")$+ Be)(h $% $2$i) (h$++e)2e' 9 S$)$9 #8$! 9 ,i++i)2 S3e(i$+ Le$ve Peii") " hi% ("#!> 3!$9i)2 ,"! e+e(i") " ,i++ he v$($)(9 %h"#+' )" e 3e!8ie'> hi(h hi% ("#! 'i' )" 2!$). The) 'i!e(e' e+e(i") " e he+' ,"! ,i++i)2 he v$($)(9 $)' 3$%%e' "!'e! ") 5.16.411.
6. O) .17.411 A,G$+ I8$8 ?He!ei) $,e!> $33e++$)@ $% e+e(e' $% 8$9"! ih v"e% i) hi% ,$v"#!. He 2$ve hi% "$h ", hi% ",,i(e $)' ") %$8e '$9 he )"8i)$e' 7 ("#)(i++"!% " e 8e8e!% ", E83"e!e' S$)'i)2 C"88iee.
=. Di%!i( M$2i%!$e ", P$)$ 'e(+i)e' " 2ive he8 he "$h ", ",,i(e %$9i)2 h$ %#(h )"8i)$i") 9 M$9"! i% ")+9 $ ")e i8e $(. S" he $33e++$) ,i+e' $ !i 3eii") "
vi
--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
Divi%i")$+ Be)(h ", P$)$ Hi2h C"#! ,"! 'e(+$!$i") h$ %e(i") 47 ", he $( i% #+!$ vi!e% " he 3!"vi%i")% ", C")%i#i") ", I)'i$ $)' " Se(i") 4 ", he A( $)' $+%" 3!$9e' ,"! !i ", 8$)'$8#% $2$i)% D.M ", P$)$ " $'8i)i%e! "$h ", ",,i(e " h"%e )"8i)ee% " $)' he e)(h 'i%8i%%e' he 3eii") i) limine. F"++"i)2 hi% he #'28e) i% (h$++e)2e' i) hi% S3e(i$+ Le$ve Peii") 9 he $33e++$). HENCE, THE PRESENT M ATTER B EFORE THIS COURT.
vii
HONORABLE
--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
[E].
A.
ISSUES RAISED
WHETHER THE COURT HAS R EQUISITE JURISDICTION TO MAINTAIN THIS PETITION
B.
WHETHER T HE P ROVISION I S V IOLATIVE O F ARTICLE !"
OF C ONSTITUTION
OF INDIA
[F].
?I@.
SUMMAR# OF PLEADIN$S
THAT T HE C OURT H AS R E UISITE J URISDICTION T O M AINTAIN T HI S P ETITION xiv
--MEMORIAL FOR APPELLANT--
The !i 3eii") i% 8$i)$i)$+e #)'e! A!i(+e 54 $% he!e h$% ee) $ vi"+$i") ", ,#)'$8e)$+ !i2h% ", he 3#+i( $ +$!2e.
?II@. THAT
THE
PROVISION
IS
VIOLATIVE
CONSTITUTION OF I NDIA
xv
OF
ARTICLE
OF
[ $] .
P LE AD IN $S ADVANCED
I. THAT THE COURT HAS REQUISITE JURISDICTION TO MAINTAIN THIS PETITION MAINTAINABILIT# OF WRIT PETITION I.A.!
POWER UNDER ARTICLE 54 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
. The W!i J#!i%'i(i") ", S#3!e8e C"#! ($) e i)v" hi(h i),!i)2e% #3") he F#)'$8e)$+ Ri2h% ", $)9 3e!%") "! $)9 2!"#3 ", 3e!%")%> ($) e 'e(+$!e' $% v"i' 9 he C"#!% #)'e! A!i(+e ", he C")%i#i"). . D!. B.R.A8e'<$! 'e%(!ie' A!i(+e 54 $% he 8"% i83"!$) ")e> ih"# hi(h he C")%i#i") "#+' e !e'#(e' " )#++i9. I i% $+%" !e,e!!e' " $% he he$! $)' %"#+ ", he C")%i#i"). B9 i)(+#'i)2 A!i(+e 54 i) he F#)'$8e)$+ Ri2h%> he S#3!e8e C"#! h$% ee) 8$'e he 3!"e("! $)' 2#$!$)"! ", he%e Ri2h%.
AIR ;6 SC D#!2$ D$% B$%#> COMMENTAR/ ON THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA 57 ?:!' E'.> Lexi% Nexi% B#e!"!h% W$'h$ 411:@. 4
6. A P#+i( I)e!e% Lii2$i") ($) e ,i+e' e,"!e he S#3!e8e C"#! #)'e! A!i(+e 54 ", he C")%i#i"). =. I) hi% ($%e> e&#$+% $!e )" !e$e'> (e)!$+ 2"ve!)8e) $!i!$!9 i) i% $(i") 9 )" 8$
He)(e he 3eii")e! i% #%i,ie' i) (h$++e)2i)2 he $#h"!i9 ", he Ce)!$+ 0"ve!)8e) $)' ,i+i)2 $ !i 3eii") ,"! he %$8e #)'e! A!. 54.
I.A.
MAINTAINABILITY OF PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION
:. I) ;: J#%i(e P. N. Bh$2$i i) S. %. 4upta . "nion o# $ndia 6> $!i(#+$e' he (")(e3 ", PIL $% ,"++"%> K$)9 8e8e! ", 3#+i( ($) 8$i)$i) $) $33+i($i") ,"! $) $33!"3!i$e 'i!e(i")> "!'e! "! !i i) he Hi2h C"#! #)'e! A!i(+e 44= $)' i) ($%e $)9 !e$(h ", ,#)'$8e)$+ !i2h% ", %#(h 3e!%")% "! 'ee!8i)$e (+$%% ", 3e!%")%> i) hi% ("#! #)'e! A!i(+e 54 %ee
;. The ,$( h$ : 3e!%")% 'ie "# ", eve!9 11> "# ", hi(h 6 3e!%")% 'ie '#e " +$(< ", $((e%%ii+i9 " 3!"3e! 8e'i(i)e% $)' he%e 6 3e!%")% e+")2 " 8i''+e $)' +"e! (+$%%e% ", %"(ie9 8$'e 3$!+i$8e) " e)$( $ )e +e2i%+$i") E%%e)i$+ C"88"'iie%?Vi$+ D!#2%@ A(> 414 $)' 'e+e2$e' (e)!$+ 2"ve!)8e) " 'e(i'e hi(h '!#2% $!e vi$+ 1. B# he (e)!$+ 2"ve!)8e) 'i' )" 8$'e $)9 e,,"! " 8$
5
P!e$8+e ", he $( AIR ;:4 SC ;
. Si)(e 'i%e$%e% +i%e' #)'e! %e(")' ($e2"!9 $!e ve!9 %e!i"#% ")e (e)!$+ 2"ve!)8e) %h"#+' 8$ # )" ,"! 3e!%")$+ 2$i) "! 3!iv$e 3!",i "! 3"+ii($+ 8"ive "! $)9 "+i&#e (")%i'e!$i"). 6. The 3eii")e! S$%h N$2!i< ei)2 $) N0O hi(h $(ive+9 "!<% i) he ,ie+' ", 3#+i( he$+h $)' e+,$!e 3$!i(#+$!+9 " h"%e e+")2i)2 " +"e! %!$$ he!e,"!e ($3$+e ", ei)2 $(i)2 ")$,i'e.
Hence, it is humbly submitted that since there has been a violation of the fundamental rights, the Court has the requisite jurisdiction to entertain this writ
6
AIR ;;5 SC :;4 > = (ertili:er Corporation Kamgar "nion v "nion o# $ndia, AIR ;: SC : Khe)eve! he!e i% $ 3#+i( !")2 "! 3#+i( i)#!9 ($#%e' 9 $) $( "! "8i%%i") ", he S$e "! 3#+i( $#h"!i9 hi(h i% (")!$!9 " he C")%i#i") "! he +$> $)9 8e8e! ", he 3#+i( $(i)2 ona #ide $)' h$vi)2 %#,,i(ie) i)e!e% ($) 8$i)$i) $) $(i") ,"! !e'!e%%$+ ", %#(h 3#+i( !")2 "! 3#+i( i)#!9. 7 I) B+$(<% L$ Di(i")$!9 ?Sixh E'ii")@ P#+i( I)e!e%- S"8ehi)2 i) hi(h ("88#)i9 $ +$!2e h$% %"8e 3e(#)i$!9 i)e!e% "! %"8e i)e!e% 9 hi(h hei! +e2$+ !i2h% "! +i$i+iie% $!e $,,e(e'. I '"e% )" 8e$) $)9hi)2 %" )$!!" $% 8e!e (#!i"%i9> "! $% he i)e!e%% ", he 3$!i(#+$! +"($+iie%> hi(h 8$9 e $,,e(e' 9 he 8$e!% i) &#e%i"). I)e!e% %h$!e' 9 (iiGe)% 2e)e!$++9 i) $,,$i!% ", +"($+> %$e "! )$i")$+ 2"ve!)8e). See also ;ineet !arain v "nion o# $ndia, AIR ;;: SC ::;. : I) B+$(<%% L$ 'i(i")$!9 ?= h E'ii")@ L"(#% %$)'i- he !i2h " !i)2 $) $(i") "! " e he$!' i) $ 2ive) ,"!#8. =
petition under Article 32 of the Constitution of ndia bought as a !ublic nterest "itigation#
II.
WHETHER THE PARENT AS WELL AS DELE$ATED LE$ISLATION ARE VIOLATIVE OF CONSTITUTION
II.A. $HA$ $H% !A&%'$ AC$ ( ')$ *)"A$*% )+ C)'($$$)'
=. Ri2h " he$+h i% )" i)(+#'e' 'i!e(+9 i) $% $ ,#)'$8e)$+ !i2h i) he I)'i$) C")%i#i") .The C")%i#i") 8$ i)e! $+i$> %ee<% " %e(#!e ,"! $++ i% (iiGe)% #%i(e-%"(i$+ $)' e(")"8i(. I 3!"vi'e% $ ,!$8e"!< ,"! he $(hieve-8e) ", he "e(ive% +$i' '") i) he 3!e$8+e. The 3!e$8+e h$% ee) $83+i,ie' $)' e+$"!$e' i) he Di!e(ive P!i)(i3+e% ", S$e 3"+i(9. 41. I) he I)'i$ he Di!e(ive P!i)(i3+e ", S$e P"+i(9 #)'e! he A!i(+e 7 (")%i'e!% i he 3!i8$!9 '#9 ", he %$e " i83!"ve 3#+i( he$+h> %e(#!i)2 ", #%i(e> h#8$) (")'ii") ", "!<%> exe)%i") ", %i(<-)e%%> "+' $2e> 'i%$+e8e) $)' 8$e!)i9 e)e,i% $)' $+%" (")e83+$e'. F#!he!> S$e% '#9 i)(+#'e% 3!"-hiii") ", (")%#83i") ", i)"xi($i)2 '!i) 414> he $( h$% ee) e)$(e'
3e"3+e $ !e$%")$+9 $,,"!'$+e 3!i(e i) "!'e! " 3!e%e!ve hei! he$+h $)' +i,e hi(h he 3!e$8+e ", $( (+e$!+9 %$9%. 4. He)(e he P$!e) A( i% )" vi"+$ive ", C")%i#i").
THAT THE DELE$ATED LE$ISLATION IS VIOLATIVE OF THE CONSTITUTION
46. The $( 2ive% 3"e! " Ce)!$+ 0"ve!)8e) " (+$%%i,9 '!#2% $% vi$+ "! )")vi$+ $)' 8$ # #)$,,"!'$i+i9 'e,e$% h$ $((e%%. I 'e,e$% %$e% e)'e$v"#! " !$i%e he +eve+ ", )#!ii") $)' %$)'$!' ", +ivi)2 $)' i83!"ve 3#+i( he$+h. 4:. I h$% ee) e)$(e' 3!i8$!i+9 " !e8"ve ,i)$)(i$+ $!!ie!% hi(h i83e'e $((e%% " '!#2%. 4;. B# Ce)!$+ 0"ve!)8e) 8$'e ")+9 '!#2% ("8i)2 #)'e! vi$+ '!#2% ", B$%i( T93e $v$i+$+e $ !e$%")$+9 $,,"!'$+e 3!i(e he!e$% vi$+ '!#2% ", S3e(i$+ T93e $ 8$!
THAT IT VIOLATES ARTICLE OF CONSTITUTION
THAT IT VIOLATES ARTICLE 4 OF CONSTITUTION 51. The S#3!e8e C"#!> hi+e ex$8i)i)2 he i%%#e ", he (")%i#i")$+ !i2h " he$+h ($!e #)'e! $!% 4> $)' 7 ", he C")%i#i") ", I)'i$ i) State o# %un&a 5am Luha'a Bagga <=> The S#3!e8e C"#!> i) %aschim Banga ;
Se(i") 6 ?@ KF"! he 3!"vi%i")% ", hi% A(> ")+9 he Ce)!$+ 0"ve!)8e) h$% 3"e! " (+$%%i,9 '!#2% $% vi$+ "! )")vi$+ $)' 8$
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DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES AND FUNDAMENTAL RI$HT
[A].
PRA#ER FOR RELIEF
Whe!e,"!e i) he +i2h ", he ,$(% %$e'> i%%#e% !$i%e'> $#h"!iie% (ie' $)' 3+e$'i)2% $'v$)(e'> i i% 8"% h#8+9 3!$9e' e,"!e hi% H")"!$+e C"#! h$ i 8$9 e 3+e$%e' " . A++" he $33e$+.
4. I%%#e $ 'i!e(i") "! !i i) )$#!e ", mandamus> hi(heve! i% $33!"3!i$e> " he Di%!i( M$2i%!$e ", P$)$ " 2ive he "$h ", ",,i(e " he ("#)(i+ 8e8e!% )"8i)$e' 9 $33e++$).
And pass an' other order that it deems #it in the interests o# &ustice, euit' and good conscience. All o# which is respect#ull' sumitted.
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H%20)/.N Co31)' ID( !4IP5666 8COUNSEL FOR THE APPELLANT9
