12J002R0_PC

DRAFT MALAYSIAN STANDARD

12J002R0

STAGE : PUBLIC COMMENT (40.20) DATE : 20/09/2014 - 19/11/2014

t n e m m o C c i l b u P r o F

Multilayer poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipes for water supply and sewerage application

Copy No: 9

OFFICER/SUPPORT STAFF: (RSSD / )

ICS: 83.140.30; 91.140.60

Descriptors: multilayer, poly (vinyl chloride), PVC, water supply, sewerage

© Copyright 2014 DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA

12J002R0

Contents Pages

Committee representation ......................................................................................... .......................................................................................................... ................. ii Foreword .............................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................... ...... iii Introduction .......................................................... .......................................................................................................................... ...................................................................... ...... iv 1

Scope.................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ...........................................................1

2

Normative references .............................................................. .................................................................................................... ......................................1

3

Terms and definitions .............................................................. .................................................................................................... ......................................3

4

Symbols and abbreviated terms ........................................................ .................................................................................... ............................ 8

5

Material ............................................................. ........................................................................................................................ ...........................................................10

6

General characteristics ........................................................... ............................................................................................... .................................... 13

7

Geometrical characteristics ............................................................... ......................................................................................... .......................... 13

8

Classification and selection of pipes ............................................................ ........................................................................... ............... 21

9

Mechanical characteristics ................................................................... .......................................................................................... ....................... 21

10

Physical characteristics ........................................................... ............................................................................................... .................................... 23

11

Performance requirements of assemblies, including joints .........................................24

12

Marking ............................................................. ........................................................................................................................ ...........................................................26

13

Assessment conformity ........................................................... ............................................................................................... .................................... 27


Annex A Allowable operating pressures ........................................................ .................................................................................. .......................... 33 Annex B Imperial (inch)-sized pipes .............................................................. ........................................................................................ .......................... 35 Annex C Method for the determination of impact resistance at 0 °C for T ype 1 .....................41 Annex D Method for the determination of impact resistance at 20 °C for T ype 2 ...................42 Bibliography ......................................................... ......................................................................................................................... ..................................................................... .....46

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 - All rights reserved

i

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Contents Pages

Committee representation ......................................................................................... .......................................................................................................... ................. ii Foreword .............................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................... ...... iii Introduction .......................................................... .......................................................................................................................... ...................................................................... ...... iv 1

Scope.................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ...........................................................1

2

Normative references .............................................................. .................................................................................................... ......................................1

3

Terms and definitions .............................................................. .................................................................................................... ......................................3

4

Symbols and abbreviated terms ........................................................ .................................................................................... ............................ 8

5

Material ............................................................. ........................................................................................................................ ...........................................................10

6

General characteristics ........................................................... ............................................................................................... .................................... 13

7

Geometrical characteristics ............................................................... ......................................................................................... .......................... 13

8

Classification and selection of pipes ............................................................ ........................................................................... ............... 21

9

Mechanical characteristics ................................................................... .......................................................................................... ....................... 21

10

Physical characteristics ........................................................... ............................................................................................... .................................... 23

11

Performance requirements of assemblies, including joints .........................................24

12

Marking ............................................................. ........................................................................................................................ ...........................................................26

13

Assessment conformity ........................................................... ............................................................................................... .................................... 27


Annex A Allowable operating pressures ........................................................ .................................................................................. .......................... 33 Annex B Imperial (inch)-sized pipes .............................................................. ........................................................................................ .......................... 35 Annex C Method for the determination of impact resistance at 0 °C for T ype 1 .....................41 Annex D Method for the determination of impact resistance at 20 °C for T ype 2 ...................42 Bibliography ......................................................... ......................................................................................................................... ..................................................................... .....46


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Committee representation The Industry Standards Committee on Plastics and Plastics Products (ISC J) under whose authority this Malaysian Standard was developed, comprises representatives from the following organisations: Department of Standards Malaysia Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Malaysian Association of Standards Users Malaysian Institute of Chemistry Malaysian Petrochemical Association Malaysian Plastics Manufacturers Association Malaysian Rubber Board Ministry of Domestic Trade, Co-operatives and Consumerism Ministry of Health Malaysia Ministry of International Trade and Industry SIRIM Berhad (Plastic Technology Group) SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd (Product Certification and Inspection Department) Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia


The Technical Committee on Plastics Pipes and Fittings which supervised the development of this Malaysian Standard consists of representatives from the following organisations: George Fischer (M) Sdn Bhd Malaysian Plastics Manufacturers Association Paling Industries Sdn Bhd Perbadanan Bekalan Air Pulau Pinang Sdn Bhd Petronas Chemicals Group Berhad SIRIM Berhad (Advanced Polymer and Composites Programme) SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd (Product Certification and Inspection Department) SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd (Testing Services Department) Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn Bhd The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Teknologi MARA

The Working Group on Multilayer pipes which developed this Malaysian Standard consists of representatives from the following organisations: Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Lembaga Air Kuching Lembaga Air Perak ME-PLAS (M) Sdn Bhd Paling Industries Sdn Bhd SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd (Product Certification and Inspection Department) SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd (Testing Services Department) Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn Bhd The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

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Foreword This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Working Group on Multilayer pipes under the authority of the Industry Standards Committee on Plastics and Plastics Products. Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.



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Introduction This standard specifies the requirements for multilayer poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipes with their relatively higher strengths characteristics characterist ics that was able to satisfy satisf y wide areas of applications for both buried and above ground conditions for water supply, drainage and sewerage. The requirements, test methods and guidance for assessment of conform ity are provided in this standard.


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Multilayer poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipes for water supply and sewerage application 1

Scope

This Malaysian Standard specifies the requirements and characteristics of multilayer pipes made from poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) for piping systems intended for: a)

water mains and services buried in the ground;

b)

conveyance of water above ground for both outside and inside buildings;

c)

buried and above-ground drainage and sewerage under pressure.


For above-ground use, protective measures shall be taken.

It is applicable to piping systems intended for the supply of water under pressure up to and including 25 °C (cold water) intended for human consumption and for general purposes as well as for waste water under pressure. For temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C, Figure A.1 applies.

NOTE. The producer and the end-user can come to agreement on the possibilities of use for temperatures above 45 °C on a case-by-case basis.

2

Normative references

The following normative references are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative reference (including any amendments) applies. MS 628-4, Plastics piping systems for water supply and for buried and above-ground drainage and sewerage under pressure - Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC U) - Part 4: Solvent cement

MS 1013, Plastics - Poly(vinyl chloride) - Determination of residual vinyl chloride monomer Gas chromatographic method

MS 1583: Part 1, Suitability of non-metallic products for use in contact with water intended for human consumption with regard to their effect on the quality of the water: Part 1: Specification

MS ISO 2507-1:2002, Thermoplastics pipes and fittings - Vicat softening temperature - Part 1: General test method

ISO 1167-1, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids Determination of the resistance to internal pressure - Part 1: General method

ISO 1167-2, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids Determination of the resistance to internal pressure - Part 2: Preparation of pipe test pieces


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ISO 1183-1:2006, Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics - Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pyknometer method and titration method

ISO 2505, Thermoplastics pipes - Longitudinal reversion - Test method and parameters ISO 2507-1:2002, Thermoplastics pipes and fittings - Vicat softening temperature - Part 1: General test method

ISO 3126, Plastics piping systems - Plastics components - Determination of dimensions ISO 6259-1, Thermoplastics pipes - Determination of tensile properties - Part 1: General test method

ISO 6259-2, Thermoplastics pipes - Determination of tensile properties - Part 2: Pipes made of


unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) and highimpact poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI)

ISO 7686, Plastics pipes and fittings - Determination of opacity

ISO 9080, Plastics piping and ducting systems - Determination of the long-term hydrostatic strength of thermoplastics materials in pipe form by extrapolation

ISO 9852, Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes - Dichloromethane resistance at specified temperature (DCMT) - Test method

ISO 9969, Thermoplastics pipes - Determination of ring stiffness

ISO 12162, Thermoplastics materials for pipes and fittings for pressure applications Classification, design coefficient and designation

ISO 13783, Plastics piping systems - Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) end-loadbearing double-socket joints - Test method for leaktightness and strength while subjected to bending and internal pressure

ISO 13844, Plastics piping systems - Elastomeric-sealing-ring-type socket joints of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) for use with PVC-U pipes - Test method for leaktightness under negative pressure

ISO 13845, Plastics piping systems - Elastomeric-sealing-ring-type socket joints for use with unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes - Test method for leaktightness under internal pressure and with angular deflection

ISO 13846, Plastics piping systems - End-load-bearing and non-end-load-bearing assemblies and joints for thermoplastics pressure piping - Test method for long-term leaktightness under internal water pressure

ISO 13968, Plastics piping and ducting systems - Thermoplastics pipes - Determination of ring flexibility

ISO 16871, Plastics piping and ducting systems - Plastics pipes and fittings - Method for exposure to direct (natural) weathering

ISO 18373-1, Rigid PVC pipes - Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method - Part 1: Measurement of the processing temperature

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EN 681-1:1996, Elastomeric seals - Materials requirements for pipe joint seals used in water and drainage applications - Part 1: Vulcanized rubber

EN 744:1995, Plastics piping and ducting systems - Thermoplastics pipes - Test method for resistance to external blows by the round-the-clock method

ASTM D2412-11, Standard test method for determination of external loading characteristics of plastic pipe by parallel-plate loading

JIS K 6741, Unplasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes specification

3

Terms and definitions


For the purpose of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 3.1.1

Wall construction definition multilayer pipe

Multilayer wall comprised of more than one stress designed polymeric layer, without any metallic layer, and not of the same compound, nor of the same compound with the same strength for pressure applications. 3.1.2

inner layer

Layer in contact with the conveyed fluid. 3.1.3

outer layer

Layer exposed to the outer environment. 3.1.4

embedded layer

Layer between the outer and inner layer. 3.2 3.2.1

Geometrical definitions nominal size, DN

Numerical designation of the size of a component, other than a component designated by thread size, which is a convenient round number approximately equal to the manufacturing dimension in millimetres (mm). 3.2.2

nominal size, DN/OD

Nominal size, related to the outside diameter. 3.2.3

nominal size, DN/ID

Nominal size, related to the inside diameter.


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3.2.4

nominal diameter , d n

Specified diameter assigned to a nominal size. NOTES: 1. The nominal (outside) diameter of a thermoplastics pipe or a spigot, is equal to its minimum mean outside diameter, d em,min. 2. The nominal (inside) diameter of the socket of a fitting, pipe, valve or of ancillary equipment is equal to the nominal (outside) diameter of the connecting pipe for which they are designed. 3. The nominal diameter is expressed in millimetres. 3.2.5

outside diameter at any point , d e


Value of the measurement of the outside diameter through its cross-section at any point of a pipe or spigot, rounded up to the nearest 0.1 mm. 3.2.6

mean outside diameter , d em

Value of the measurement of the outer circumference of a pipe or spigot end of a fitting in any cross-section, divided by  ( 3.142), rounded up to the nearest 0.1 mm. 3.2.7

mean inside diameter of socket , d im

Arithmetical mean of two measured inside diameters perpendicular to each other at the midpoint of the socket length. 3.2.8

out-of-roundness, ovality

Difference between the measured maximum and the measured minimum outside diameter in the same cross-section of a pipe or spigot, or the difference between the measured maximum and the measured minimum inside diameter in the same cross-section of a socket. 3.2.9

nominal wall thickness , en

Numerical designation of the wall thickness of a component which is identical to the minimum permissible wall thickness at any point. NOTE. The wall thickness is expressed in millimetres. 3.2.10

wall thickness at any point , e

Value of the measurement of the wall thickness at any point around the circumference of a component. 3.2.11

mean wall thickness , em

Arithmetical mean of a number of measurements of the wall thickness, regularly spaced around the circumference and in the same cross-section of a component, including the measured minimum and the measured maximum values of the wall thickness in that cross-section.

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3.2.12

tolerance

Permitted variation of the specified value of a quantity, expressed as the difference between the permitted maximum and the permitted minimum value. pipe series , S

3.2.13

Dimensionless number for pipe designation. NOTES: 1. The pipe series S is related to a given pipe geometry as given in Equation (1): S

d n 



en

2en

(1)


2. Adapted from ISO 4065:1996[1], definition 3.6. 3.2.14

standard dimension ratio , SDR

Numerical designation of a pipe series which is a convenient round number approximately equal to the dimension ratio of the nominal outside diameter, d n, and the nominal wall thickness, en.

NOTE. According to ISO 4065[1], the standard dimension ratio, SDR, and the pipe series S are related as given in Equation (2): SDR  2 S  1

3.3 3.3.1

(2)

Material definitions virgin material

Material in the form of granules or powder that has not been subjected to use or processing other than that required for its manufacture and to which no reprocessable or recyclable material(s) has been added. 3.3.2

own reprocessable material

Material prepared from rejected unused pipes, fittings and valves, including trimmings from the production of pipes, fittings and valves, which will be reprocessed in a manufacturer's plant after having been previously processed by the same manufacturer by a process such as moulding or extrusion and for which the complete formulation or compound is known. 3.3.3

external reprocessable material

Material comprising either one of the following forms: a)

material from rejected unused pipes, fittings or valves or trimmings therefrom, which will be reprocessed and which were originally processed by another manufacturer; and

b)

material from the production of unused PVC products other than pipes, fittings and valves, regardless of where they are manufactured.


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3.3.4

recyclable material

Material comprising either one of the following forms: a)

material from used pipes, fittings or valves which have been cleaned and crushed or ground; and

b) material from used PVC products other than pipes, fittings or valves which have been cleaned and crushed or ground. 3.4

Definitions related to material characteristics lower prediction limit,

3.4.1

 LPL


Quantity which can be considered as a material property, representing the 97.5 % lower confidence limit of the predicted long-term hydrostatic strength at 20 °C for 50 years with internal water pressure. NOTE. Lower prediction limit is expressed in megapascals (MPa). minimum required strength , MRS

3.4.2

Value of  LPL, rounded to the next lower value of the R10 series when  LPL is below 10 MPa, or to the next lower value of the R20 series when  LPL is 10 MPa or greater. NOTE. The R10 and R20 series are the basic series of preferred numbers conforming to ISO 3 [2] and ISO 497[3]. design coefficient , C

3.4.3

Overall coefficient with a value greater than 1, which takes into consideration service conditions as well as properties of the components of a piping system other than those represented in the lower predictive limit. design stress,

3.4.4

 s

Allowable stress for a given application at 20 °C NOTES:

1. It is derived from the MRS by dividing it by the coefficient, C , using Equation (3). MRS 

s



(3)

C

2. Design stress is expressed in megapascals (MPa).

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3.5

Definitions related to service conditions nominal pressure , PN

3.5.1

Numerical designation used for reference purposes related t o the mechanical characteristics of a component of a piping system. NOTES: 1. For plastics piping systems, it corresponds to the allowable operating pressure, in bar 1), conveying water at 20 °C during 50 years, as given in Equation (4). 20 MRS PN





C SDR





1

(4)


2. Research on long-term performance prediction of existing PVC water distribution systems shows possible service life of at least 100 years (see Figure 1 and KRV Nachrichten 1/95 [4] and TNO Science and Industry[5]). 3.5.2

allowable operating pressure , PFA

Maximum hydrostatic pressure which a component is capable of withstanding continuously in service (excluding surge). NOTE. For water temperatures up to and including 25 °C: PFA = PN For water temperatures above 25 °C: PFA = f T  PN where T

is the derating factor depending on water temperature; and

PN

is the nominal pressure.

In cases where a further derating factor for application is required: PFA =  A  T  PN, where  A is the factor depending on the application. 3.5.3

allowable site test pressure , PEA

Maximum hydrostatic pressure which a newly installed component is capable of withstanding for a relatively short duration, in order to ensure the integrity and leaktightness of the pipeline. NOTE. For this standard, PEA equals 1.5  PFA, with a maximum of PFA + 5 bar.

1

1 bar  105 N/m2  0.1 MPa.


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3.5.4

hydrostatic stress,



Stress induced in the wall of a pipe when a pressure is applied using water as a medium. NOTES: 1. The hydrostatic stress is related to the applied pressure, p, in bar, the wall thickness at any point, e, and the mean outside diameter, d em, of a pipe and is calculated using approximation Equation (5):



p d em σ





20e

e



(5)

2. Hydrostatic stress is expressed in megapascals. 3.6


Definitions for pipe joints

3.6.1

end-load-bearing joint

Joint that can resist axial loads without additional external mechanical support. 3.6.2

non-end-load-bearing joint

Joint that cannot resist axial loads without additional external mechanical axial support. 3.7

Definitions related to conformity assessment

3.7.1

audit test (AT)

Test performed by, or on behalf of, a certification body to confirm that the material, component, joint or assembly continues to conform to the requirements given in the system standard and to provide information to assess the effectiveness of the quality system. 3.7.2

batch release test (BRT)

Test performed by the manufacturer on a batch of components, which has to be satisfactorily completed before the batch can be released. 3.7.3

group

Collection of similar components from which samples are selected for testing purposes. 3.7.4

type testing (TT)

Testing performed to prove that the material, component, joint or assembly is capable of conforming to the requirements given in the relevant standard.

4 4.1

Symbols and abbreviated terms Symbols

C

design coefficient

d e

outside diameter at any point

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d em

mean outside diameter

d i

inside diameter at any point

d im

mean inside diameter of socket

d n

nominal outside or inside diameter

e

wall thickness at any point

em

mean wall thickness

en

nominal wall thickness

 A

derating factor for application

T

derating factor for water temperatures



material density



hydrostatic stress

 s

design stress

 LPL

lower predicted limit


4.2

Abbreviated terms

DN

nominal size

DN/ID

nominal size, inside diameter related

DN/OD nominal size, outside diameter related MRS

minimum required strength

PFA

allowable operating pressure

PEA

allowable site test pressure

PN

nominal pressure

PVC

poly(vinyl chloride)

S

pipe series

SDR

standard dimension ratio

TIR

true impact rate


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5

Material

5.1

General requirement for compounds and formulations

The material from which the pipes are made shall be poly(vinyl chloride) compound or formulation. This compound or formulation shall consist of PVC resin, to which shall be added those additives which are needed to facilitate the manufacture of pipes conforming to this standard. None of these additives shall be used separately or together in quantities sufficient to constitute a toxic, organoleptic or microbiological hazard or to impair the fabrication or solvent cementing properties of the product or to impair the chemical and physical or mechanical properties (in particular long-term mechanical strength and impact strength) as specified in this standard.


The vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) in the resin used in PVC compound/formulation shall be less than  0.0001 % volume fraction2) if determined by means of gas-phase chromatography using the "headspace" method in accordance with MS 1013. 5.2

Effect on water quality

When used under conditions for which they are designed, t he product which is in permanent or temporary contact with water intended for the conveyance of water for human consumption, shall comply with MS 1583-1. 5.3

Use of reprocessable and recyclable material

Reprocessable material and recyclable material shall not be used. 5.4 5.4.1

Classification and verification of materials

Classification of compounds or formulations in finished multilayer pipe

Compounds or formulations shall be designated by the material type (PVC) and the level of minimum required strength (MRS) as a finished multilayer pipe, in accordance with Table 1. The compound or formulation shall have an MRS equal to the values specified in Table 1. The MRS value for compound or formulation classification shall be derived from  LPL in accordance with ISO 12162. The  LPL is determined by analysis in accordance with ISO 9080, of hydrostatic pressure tests carried out in accordance with ISO 1167- 1 and ISO 1167-2 and using pipe series 6.3 ≤ S ≤ 12.5 and end caps type A, tested with water in water. The test temperatures shall be 20 °C and 60 °C. NOTE. If fittings or valves are manufactured from the same compound or formulation as the pipe, the material classification is the same as for the pipe.

2 This is the equivalent of 1 ppm; ppm

10

is a deprecated unit. © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 - All rights reserved

12J002R0

Table 1. Material designation and corresponding maximum design stress values Designationa

Minimum required strength

d n > 90 (C = 2.0)

 s

 s

MPa

MPa

MPa

25.0

10.0

12.5

MRS

PVC 250 a

5.4.2

Pipes d n ≤ 90 (C = 2.5)

This is only used for compound classification declared by the compound manufacturer.

Classification of each compounds or formulations of the multilayer pipe

The strength difference of each compounds or formulations shall be equal or more than 5 %.


The tensile strength of each compounds or formulations shall be tested in accordance to ISO 6259-1 and ISO 6259-2. 5.4.3

Verification of compounds or formulations in multilayer pipe form

If long-term experience with a defined compound or formulation is available, the MRS shall not be re-evaluated. In that case, testing on five samples in parallel for each chosen condition shall be performed. All values found shall be located on or above the  LPL minimum reference curve 3) given in Figure 1. Alternatively, the testing time of 10 samples per temperature may be dispersed along the minimum reference curve. In that case, the time frame shall be: a) for 20 °C: Time from 100 h up to and including 5 000 h; the times of which 3 samples shall be between 3 000 h and 5 000 h; and b) for 60 °C: Time from 100 h up to and including 5 000 h; the times of which 3 samples shall be between 3 000 h and 5 000 h. where the check points given in Table 2 shall be integral part of the testing scheme. For the pipe series and end caps to be used, see 5.4.1. The values of the minimum required hydrostatic strength shall be calculated using Equation (6): lg t  164.461 29349.439 

lg  T



60126.534 

1

T



75.079  lg 

(6)

3)

This minimum reference curve was established for TEPPFA (The European Plastic Pipes and Fittings Association, Brussels). The extrapolation data-sets are documented in the reports from OFI (Österreichisches Forschungsinstitut für Chemie und Technik, Wien), expert opinion 47.201 and TGM (Staatliche Versuchsanstalt - TGM, Fachbereich Kunststoff & Umwelttechnik, Wien), expert opinion VA-KU 19607. © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 - All rights reserved

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Table 2. Example of verification test requirements Time

Temperature

Stress

h

°C

MPa

100 100

20 60

35.00 11.95

1 000 1 000 5 000

20 60 20

31.87 10.00 29.90

5 000

60

8.85


NOTE. Verification testing is used to confirm the material properties after a change of formulation on a long-term experienced material. Verification testing does not give precise information about the slope of the regression curve and therefore is not representative of the MRS value determination. 5.5

Density

The density,  , at 23 °C of the pipe, when measured in accordance with ISO 1183-1, shall be within the following limits: 1 350 kg/m3 ≤

 ≤

1 460 kg/m 3

Key

X1 time, t , to fracture, in hours X2 time, in years Y hoop stress,  , in megapascals Figure 1. Minimum reference curve for PVC 250

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6 6.1

General characteristics General

The pipe manufacturer shall declare the function (e.g.: high impact, high tensile, UV protection, anti-bacterial, etc.) of each layer of the multilayer pipe. 6.2

Appearance

When viewed without magnification the internal and external surfaces of pipes shall be smooth, clean and free from scoring, cavities and other surface defects to an extent that would prevent conformity to this standard. The material shall not contain any impurities visible without magnification. The ends of the pipe shall be cut cleanly and square to the axis of the pipe. 6.3

Colour


6.3.1 The colour for the outer layer shall be blue for water supply, unless required by the

purchaser, the outer layer may be manufactured in other colours. Embedded layer shall be produced in different colour than the outer layer to distinct the layers. 6.3.2 The colour of the outer layer for sewerage application is subjected to local authority

requirement. 6.4

Opacity of pipes intended for the above-ground conveyance of water

The wall of the pipe shall be opaque and shall not transmit more than 0.2 % of visible light when measured in accordance with ISO 7686. 6.5

Resistance to weathering

The multilayer pipe shall be tested in accordance with ISO 16871 with a minimum radiant exposure of 3.5 GJ/m 2. The elongation at break of the pipe shall be above 50 % of the value before exposure.

7 7.1

Geometrical characteristics Dimensions and tolerance

Dimensions of the pipes shall be measured in accordance with ISO 3126. 7.2

Requirements on pipe layers

The pipes layers shall be manufactured according to Table 3. Table 3. Ratio of thickness of layers Size group, DN

Embedded layer

Outer layer

Inner layer

(mm)

(%)

(%)

(%)

≤ 50

50 ± 5 65 ± 5

25 ± 5 17.5 ± 5

25 ± 5 17.5 ± 5

> 50


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7.3

Mean outside diameters and their tolerance

The mean outside diameter, d em, of a pipe shall conform to the applicable nominal outside diameter, d n, within the tolerance given in Table 4. The tolerance for out-of-roundness shall conform to Table 4. Table 4. Nominal outside diameters and tolerances

Dimensions in millimetres Nominal outside diameter

Tolerance for mean outside diameter, d ema

d n

x

12 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90 110 125 140 160 180 200 225 250 280 315 355 400 450 500 560 630 710 800 900 1 000

Tolerance for out-of-roundnessb

S 20 to S 16c

S 12.5 to S 5d

t n e m m o C c i l b u P r o F 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

— — — — —

1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.5 5.0 6.8 7.6 8.6 9.6 10.8 12.0 13.5 15.2 17.1 19.2 21.6 24.0

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.3 4.8 5.4 6.0 6.8 7.6 8.6 9.6 — —

a The tolerance conforms to grade D of ISO 11922-1[6] for

d n ⩽ 50 and to grade C for d n  50. The tolerance is expressed in the form  0 mm, where x is the value of the tolerance. b The tolerance is expressed as the difference between the largest and the smallest outside diameter in a cross-section of the pipe (i.e. d e, max  d e, min). c For d ⩽ 250, the tolerance conforms to grade N of ISO 11922-1[6]. n For d n  250, the tolerance conforms to grade M of ISO 11922-1[6]. The requirement for out-of-roundness is only applicable prior to storage. d For a d of 12 to 1 000, the tolerance conforms to 0.5 grade M of ISO 11922-1 [6]. The requirement for out-ofn roundness is only applicable prior to the pipe leaving the manufacturer's premises. x

14


12J002R0 7.4

Wall thickness and their tolerances

The nominal wall thickness, en, is classified with the pipe series S. The nominal wall thickness corresponds to the minimum allowable wall thickness. The nominal wall thickness shall conform to Table 5, as appropriate to the pipe series. The tolerance for wall thickness, e, shall conform to Table 6. Table 5. Nominal (minimum) wall thicknesses Pipe series S Nominal outside diameter,

Nominal (minimum) wall thickness

S 20 (SDR 41)

d n

12 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90

S 16 (SDR 33)

S 12,5 (SDR 26)

S 10 (SDR 21)

S8 (SDR 17)

S 6,3 (SDR 13,6)

S5 (SDR 11)

Nominal pressure PN based on design coefficient C 2.5

t n e m m o C c i l b u P r o F PN 6

PN 8

PN 10

PN 12.5

PN 16

PN 20

— — — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — —

— —

1.5 1.6 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.5

1.6 1.9 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.3

1.5 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.9 3.7 4.6 5.8 6.8 8.2

1.5 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.8

1.5 1.9 2.4 3.0 3.8 4.5 5.4

1.5 1.9 2.4 3.0 3.7 4.7 5.6 6.7

Nominal pressure PN based on design coefficient C 2.0a

110 125 140 160 180 200 225 250 280 315 355 400 450 500 560 630 710 800 900 1 000

PN 6

PN 8

PN 10

PN 12.5

PN 16

PN 20

PN 25

2.7 3.1 3.5 4.0 4.4 4.9 5.5 6.2 6.9 7.7 8.7 9.8 11.0 12.3 13.7 15.4 17.4 19.6 22.0 24.5

3.4 3.9 4.3 4.9 5.5 6.2 6.9 7.7 8.6 9.7 10.9 12.3 13.8 15.3 17.2 19.3 21.8 24.5 27.6 30.6

4.2 4.8 5.4 6.2 6.9 7.7 8.6 9.6 10.7 12.1 13.6 15.3 17.2 19.1 21.4 24.1 27.2 30.6

5.3 6.0 6.7 7.7 8.6 9.6 10.8 11.9 13.4 15.0 16.9 19.1 21.5 23.9 26.7 30.0

6.6 7.4 8.3 9.5 10.7 11.9 13.4 14.8 16.6 18.7 21.1 23.7 26.7 29.7

8.1 9.2 10.3 11.8 13.3 14.7 16.6 18.4 20.6 23.2 26.1 29.4 33.1 36.8

10.0 11.4 12.7 14.6 16.4 18.2

—

—

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— —

— — — —

— — — —

a To apply a design coefficient of 2.5 (instead of 2.0) for pipes with nominal diameters above 90 mm, the next higher

pressure rating, PN, shall be chosen. NOTES: 1. The nominal wall thicknesses conform to ISO 4065[1]. 2. The PN 6 values for S 20 and S 16 are calculated with the preferred number 6.3. © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2014 - All rights reserved

15

12J002R0

Table 6. Tolerance on wall thicknesses at any point

Dimensions in millimetres Nominal (minimum) wall thickness

Tolerance for wall thickness

Nominal (minimum) wall thickness

Tolerance for wall thickness

en

x

en

x



⩽

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0

2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0 21.0

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3



⩽

21.0 22.0 23.0 24.0 25.0 26.0 27.0 28.0 29.0 30.0 31.0 32.0 33.0 34.0 35.0 36.0 37.0

22.0 23.0 24.0 25.0 26.0 27.0 28.0 29.0 30.0 31.0 32.0 33.0 34.0 35.0 36.0 37.0 38.0

2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0


NOTES: 1. The tolerance applies to the nominal (minimum) wall thickness and is expressed in the form the value of tolerance for the mean wall thickness, em.

 x

0

mm,

where x is

2. The tolerance for wall thickness, e, at any point. conforms to grade W of ISO 11922-1[6].

7.5

Length of pipe

The nominal pipe length, l , shall be a minimum length which includes the depth of the socketed portions, as shown in Figure 2. NOTE. The preferred nominal length of pipe is 6 m. Other lengths are subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

Figure 2. Points of measurement for nominal pipe lengths

16


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7.6 7.6.1

Pipes with sockets Sockets for solvent cementing

The dimensions of sockets for solvent cementing are given in Figure 3. They shall conform to Table 7.

t n e m m o C c i l b u P r o F Figure 3. Socket for solvent cementing

The nominal inside diameter of a socket shall be equal to the nominal outside diameter, d n, of the pipe. The maximum included internal angle of the socketed portion shall not exceed 0°30' (30 min). The requirements for mean inside diameters, d im, of sockets shall apply at the midpoint of the socket length. 7.6.2

Sockets for elastomeric ring seal type joints

The minimum depth of engagement, mmin, of single sockets with elastomeric ring seal joints (see Figure 4) is based on pipe lengths up to 12 m and shall conform to Table 8. The wall thickness of the sockets at any point, except the sealing ring groove. shall not be less than the minimum wall thickness of the connecting pipe. The wall thickness of the sealing ring groove shall not be less than 0.8 times the minimum wall thickness of the connecting pipe. The requirements for mean inside diameters, d im, of sockets shall apply at the midpoint of the depth of engagement, m.


17

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Table 7. Dimensions of sockets for solvent cementing

Dimensions in millimetres Nominal inside diameter of socket

Mean inside diameter of socket

Maximum out-ofroundness for d i

Minimum socket length

d n

d im. min

d im. max

a

Lminb

12 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90 110 125 140 160 180 200 225 250 280 315 355 400

12.1 16.1 20.1 25.1 32.1 40.1 50.1 63.1 75.1 90.1 110.1 125.1 140.2 160.2 180.2 200.2 225.3 250.3 280.3 315.4 355.4 400.4

12.3 16.3 20.3 25.3 32.3 40.3 50.3 63.3 75.3 90.3 110.4 125.4 140.5 160.5 180.6 200.6 225.7 250.8 280.9 316.0 356.1 401.2

0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.0

12.0 14.0 16.0 18.5 22.0 26.0 31.0 37.5 43.5 51.0 61.0 68.5 76.0 86.0 96.0 106.0 118.5 131.0 146.0 163.5 183.5 206.0


a The out-of-roundness tolerances are rounded values of 0.25 grade M to ISO 11922-1[6]. b The minimum socket lengths are equal to (0.5d  6 mm) or 12 mm if (0.5d  6 mm) ⩽ 12 mm. n

18

n


12J002R0

Key


a

Start of sealing area.

b

End of cylindrical part of socket and pipe.

Figure 4. Socket and spigot end for pipes with elastomeric sealing

Figure 4 shows the engagement if the spigot end is pushed to the socket bottom. NOTE. For assembly instructions. see ISO/TR 4191[7]. 7.7

Pipe ends for ring seal or solvent cement joints

Pipes with plain ends intended to be used with elastomeric ring seal sockets shall be chamfered as shown in Figure 4. Pipes with plain ends intended to be used for solvent cement joints shall have all the sharp edges removed.


19

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Table 8. Dimensions of sockets for elastomeric ring seal joints Dimensions in millimetres Nominal inside diameter of socket

Minimum mean inside diameter of socket

d n

d im. mina

S 20 to S 16

20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90 110 125 140 160 180 200 225 250 280 315 355 400 450 500 560 630 710

20.3 25.3 32.3 40.3 50.3 63.4 75.4 90.4 110.5 125.5 140.6 160.6 180.7 200.7 225.8 250.9 281.0 316.1 356.2 401.3 451.5 501.6 561.8 632.0 712.3

— —

a

Maximum permissible out-of-roundness for d ib

0.6 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.8 5.1 5.7 6.5 7.2 8.1 9.0 10.2 11.4 12.9

Minimum depth of engagement

Length of socket entrance and sealing area

S 12.5 to S 5

mmin c

cd

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.3 3.6 4.1 4.5 5.1 5.7 6.5

55 55 55 55 56 58 60 61 64 66 68 71 73 75 78 81 85 88 90 92 95 97 101 105 109

27 27 27 28 30 32 34 36 40 42 44 48 51 54 58 62 67 72 79 86 94 102 112 123 136


d im, min is measured in the middle of the engagement, m, and is calculated using the applicable Equation (7), (8)

or (9):

d im, min  d n  0.3 mm

(7) when d n ⩽ 50; (8) d im, min  d n  0.4 mm when 63 ⩽ d n ⩽ 90; (9) d im, min  1.003 d n  0.1 mm when d n ⩾ 110. The values obtained shall be rounded to the next greater 0.1 mm. b The out-of-roundness tolerances are rounded values of 0.75 grades to ISO 11922-1[6] for S 20 to S 16 as follows: 0.75 grade M for 32 ⩽ d n ⩽ 50; 0.75 grade N for 63 ⩽ d n ⩽ 250; 0.75 grade M for 280 ⩽ d n ⩽ 710. For pipe series S 12.5 to S 5: 0.375 grade M. except 0.3 grade M for d n ⩽ 32. c The value of mmin is calculated from the applicable Equation (11) or (10): (10) mmin  50 mm  0.22d n  2e (S 10). when d n ⩽ 280; (11) mmin  70 mm  0.15d n  2e (S 10). when d n  280. The values obtained shall be rounded to the next greater 1.0 mm. d The value of c is calculated using the following equation: c  22  0.16d n and c is given only for guidance in calculating minimum spigot lengths. The manufacturer shall state the c-values in his catalogue.

20


12J002R0

8

Classification and selection of pipes

8.1

Classification

Pipes shall be classified according to their nominal pressure, PN, and the pipe series S. 8.2

Selection of nominal pressure and pipe series S for water up to and including 25 °C

The nominal pressure, PN, the pipe series S and the design stress,  s, are connected by the relationship in Equation (12): PN

10 S 

S

(12)


The applicable pipe series shall be taken from Table 5. 8.3

Determination of the allowable operating pressure for water up to 45 °C

The allowable operating pressure, PFA, for temperatures up to and including 25 °C shall be equal to the nominal pressure, PN. To determine the allowable operating pressure, PFA, for temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C. a supplementary derating factor, f T, shall be applied to the nominal pressure, PN, as given in Equation (13): PFA  f T  PN

(13)

This factor is given in Figure A.1.

NOTE. Another derating factor, f A, can be used, taking account of the application. Normally f A equals 1. For other values, see related installation documents, e.g. ISO/TR 4191 [7].

9

Mechanical characteristics

9.1

Structural performance

When tested in accordance with the test methods as specified in Table 9, using the indicated parameters, the pipe shall have the structural performance conforming to the requirements given in Table 9. Table 9. Structural performance of P pipes Characteristic

Integrity of the structure after deflection

Requirement ⩾ 80

% of the initial stiffness value

Test parameters

Deflection Position of test piece

30 % of d em

Test method

ISO 13968

When applicable, at 0°, 45° and 90° from the upper plate

No crack at any points


21

12J002R0

For the determination of the integrity of the structure after deflection of multilayer P pipes, the following procedure shall be applied: a)

determine the initial ring stiffness of the pipe according to ISO 9969;

b)

carry out the ring flexibility test according to ISO 13968; and

c)

after a 1 h period for recovery, determine again the ring stiffness of the pipe according to ISO 9969.

The ring stiffness of the multilayer pipes shall be at least 80 % of the initial ring stiffness. 9.2

Impact strength

9.2.1

General


When tested in accordance with Annex C or Annex D, the pipe shall have a true impact rate (TIR) below 10 % at a confidence level of 90 %. The impact energy, U (J) is calculated using the following Equation (14): Impact energy, U (J) = m·g·h where m

is the mass (kg);

g

is the gravitational acceleration (9.81 m/s2);

h

is the height (m).

9.2.2

(14)

Impact strength test for metric series (Type 1)

For metric sized pipes (Type 1), the test shall be in accordance with Annex C. 9.2.3

Impact strength test for imperial series (Type 2)

For imperial (inch)-sized pipes (Type 2), the test shall be in accordance with Annex D. 9.3

Resistance to internal pressure

Pipes shall withstand, without bursting or leakage, the hydrostatic stress induced by internal hydrostatic pressure when tested in accordance with ISO 1167-1, using the test conditions specified in Table 10. For this test, end caps type A or B in accordance with ISO 1167-1 may be used. In case of dispute, end caps type A shall be used.

22


12J002R0

Table 10. Pressure test requirements for pipes Characteristic Requirement

Test parameters Temp. Circumferential (hoop) stress

Internal pressure

No failure during the test

Time

°C

MPa

h

20

42.0

1

60

12.5 b

1 000

Type of test

Test method

Number of test piecesa

Water in water

3

ISO 11671 and ISO 11672

a The number of test pieces given indicates the number required to establish a value for the characteristic described

in the table. The number of test pieces required for factory production control and process control should be listed in


the manufacturer’s quality plan. b If tested with the circumferential (hoop) stress of 12.5 MPa, due to statistical spread of the test results, test times

less than 1 000 h can be achieved. In this case, a retest procedure with a circumferential stress of 12.5 MPa or 10.0 MPa shall be performed with pipes of the same production batch and double sampling. If the retest results are positive, the requirement of the minimum reference curve for multilayer PVC, given in 5.4.3, is deemed to be verified.

Integral sockets shall be tested in accordance with ISO 1167-1, using the test parameters given in Table 11. For this test, end caps type B in accordance with ISO 1167- 1 may be used and the socket entrance may be externally reinforced to prevent a displacement of the sealing ring. Table 11. Pressure test requirements for all types of integral sockets on pipes Characteristic

Internal pressure

Requirement

No failure during the test

Test parameters

Nominal diameter

Temp.

Pressure

Time

d n

°C

bar

h

90 mm

20

4.2  PN

1

 90 mm

20

3.36 PN

1

⩽

Type of test

Water in water

Number of test piecesa

3

3

Test method

ISO 1167-1 and ISO 1167-2

a The number of test pieces given indicates the number required to establish a value for the characteristic described in

the table. The number of test pieces required for factory production control and process control should be listed in the manufacturer’s quality plan.

10

Physical characteristics

When tested in accordance with the test methods as specified in Table 12 using the indicated parameters, the pipe shall have physical characteristics conforming to the requirements given in Table 12.


23

12J002R0

Table 12. Physical characteristics Characteristic

Requirement

Vicat softening temperature (VST)

⩾ 80

°C

Longitudinal reversion

Maximum 5 %

Test parameters

Test method

Shall conform to ISO 2507-1 Number of test pieces a: 3

ISO 2507-1

Test temperature: Number of test pieces a Test period for: e ⩽ 8 mm e  8 mm

ISO 2505. Method: liquid bath b

(150  2) °C 3 15 min 30 min

or Test temperature Number of test pieces a Test period for: e ⩽ 8 mm 8 mm  e ⩽ 16 mm e  16 mm

(150  2) °C 3

ISO 2505. Method: hot air oven

t n e m m o C c i l b u P r o F 60 min 120 min 240 min

Compression test Shall not be any crack or break or pinholes found

Shall conform to ASTM D 2412 - 11

ASTM D 2412 - 11

Resistance to No attack at any dichloro-methane part of the surface at a specific of the test piece temperature (Degree of gelation)

Temperature of bath Number of test pieces a Immersion time Min. wall thickness

(15  1) °C 1

ISO 9852

Uniaxial tensile Maximum stress test (Alternative ⩾ 45 MPa test method to Strain at break resistance to ⩾ 80 % dichloromethane)

Test speed Test temperature

5  1 mm/min (23  2) °C

DSC (Alternative B onset test method to temperature resistance to ⩾ 185 °C dichloromethane)

Shall conform to ISO 18373-1 Number of test pieces: 4

c

c

30 min 1.5 mm

ISO 6259-1 and ISO 6259-2

ISO 18373-1

a The number of test pieces given indicates the number required to establish a value for the characteristic described

in the table. The number of test pieces required for factory production control and process control should be listed in the manufacturer’s quality plan. b In case of dispute, the liquid bath method shall be used. c

This test is not intended to be used for factory production control. In case of dispute, the resistance to dichloromethane shall be used.

11 11.1

Performance requirements of assemblies, including joints Assemblies with non-end-load-bearing joints

The following types of assemblies with non-end-load-bearing joints shall fulfil the fitness for purpose requirements given in Table 13: 24


12J002R0

a)

integrally socketed multilayer PVC pipe to pipe assemblies with elastomeric ring seal joints conforming to this Malaysian Standard;

b) metal fitting and multilayer PVC pipe assemblies with elastomeric ring seal joints; c) metal valve and multilayer PVC pipe assemblies with elastomeric ring seal joints; or d) mechanical joint assemblies with multilayer PVC pipes. Table 13. Characteristics for fitness for purpose of non-end-load-bearing joints Characteristic

Leaktightness at short-term hydrostatic internal pressure

Leaktightness at short-term negative air pressure

Leaktightness at long-term under internal water pressure

Requirement

No leakage at any point of the jointing areas during the test period

Test parameters

Test pressure Ambient temperature Variation in temperature Deflection Test period

1.7 PNa 15 °C to 25 °C ± 3 °C

Test pressure Ambient temperature Variation in temperature Deflection Deformation Test period

−0.01 Mpa −0.08

Test method

ISO 13845


Negative pressure change shall be ⩽0.005 MPa (⩽0.05 bar) for the first and for the second 15 min

Water temperature b No leakage at any point of the jointing Test pressure areas during the test Test period period

2° 60 min

ISO 13844

15 °C to 25 °C ± 3 °C 2° 5% 15 min/15 min

20 °C 40 °C 1.7 PNa 1.3 PNa 1 000 h 1 000 h

ISO 13846

a The PN value is the lowest PN value of the components in the test assembly (either pipe or fitting). b To be chosen alternatively.

11.2

Assemblies with end-load-bearing joints

The following types of assemblies with end-load-bearing joints shall fulfil the fitness for purpose requirements given in Tables 14: a) integral socketed multilayer PVC pipe to pipe assemblies with solvent cement joints; b) flange assemblies with multilayer PVC pipes; c) metal valve and multilayer PVC pipe assemblies with flanged; d) metal tapping saddles and multilayer PVC pipe assemblies with solvent cement or mechanical joints; or e) metal adaptor assemblies with solvent cement joints for multilayer PVC pipes and with threaded or other connections to pipes of different materials.


25

12J002R0

Table 14. Characteristics for fitness for purpose of end-load-bearing joints Characteristic

Requirement

Test parameters

Leaktightness at shortterm hydrostatic pressure under bending at negative air pressure

No leakage at any point of the jointing areas and negative pressure change shall be ⩽0.005 MPa (⩽0.05 bar)

Leaktightness at longterm under internal water pressure

No leakage at any point Water of the jointing areas temperatureb during the test period Test pressure Test period

Test method

Hydrostatic Shall conform to pressure cycles ISO 13783 with bending and negative air pressure period 20 °C 1.7 PNa 1 000 h

ISO 13783

40 °C ISO 13846 a 1.3 PN 1 000 h


a To be chosen alternatively. b The PN value is the lowest PN value of the components in the test assembly (either pipe or fitting).

11.3 Sealing rings

The material of the elastomeric sealing ring used in joint assemblies for pipes shall be chosen from EN 681-1 and shall conform to the appropriate class. The sealing ring shall have no detrimental effect on the properties of the pipe and shall not cause the test assembly to fail. NOTE. The recommended sealing ring material for water supply is ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. 11.4 Adhesives

The adhesive(s) shall have no detrimental effects on the pipe and shall not cause the test assembly to fail. The adhesives shall be identified in accordance with MS 628-4.

12

Marking

Multilayer pipes shall be permanently and legibly marked at intervals not greater than 1 m. in such a way that the marking does not initiate cracks or other types of failure and that normal storage, weathering, handling, installation and use shall not affect the legibility of the marking. The colour of the printed information shall differ from the basic colour of the product. The marking shall be such that it is legible without magnification. The minimum required marking on pipes shall conform to Table 15.

26


12J002R0

Table 15. Minimum required marking on pipes Aspects

Mark or symbol

– Number of this Standard – Manufacturer's name and/or trademark – Nominal pressure PNa – Nominal outside diameter d n

MS XXXX xyz e.g. PN 16 e.g. 110 mm e.g. MULTILAYER PVC e.g. 90.06.14 e.g. WATER/SEWER

– Word "MULTILAYER PVC" – Manufacturer's information b – Intended use

– Product certification number issued by a recognised certification bodyc


a

The marking of the pipe series S may be included, e.g. PN 16/S 8.

b

To provide traceability. the following details shall be given: the production period, the year, in figures or in code;  a name or code for the production site, if the manufacturer is producing in different sites, nationally  and/or internationally; identification of the extrusion line, if relevant.  Certified manufacturer shall comply to the marking requirements introduced by the respective certification body.

c

13 13.1

Assessment conformity General

The conformity of products to the relevant clauses of this standard shall be demonstrated by: a) carrying out all the type tests (see 13.3) in order to ensure that all requirements are met; and b) controlling the production process (see 13.4) in order to ensure that the required performance levels are continuously reached. The manufacturer shall ensure that all delivered pipes are in accordance with the relevant clauses of this standard. Should the verification of a requirement be necessary on a supplied product, it shall be done by carrying out the corresponding type test. 13.2

Testing and inspection

For the purpose of this requirements, the following groups apply. Table 16. Pressure group Pressure group

Nominal pressure PN

1

6, 7.5, 8, 9

2 3

10,12,12.5 15, 16, 20, 25


27

12J002R0

Table 17. Size group for metric series Size group

Nominal size

(mm) 1 2

12, 16, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 63 75, 90, 110, 125, 140, 160, 180, 220, 225

3 4

250, 280, 315, 355, 400, 450, 500, 560, 630 710, 800, 900, 1 000 Table 18. Size group for imperial series

Size group

Nominal size

(mm) 10, 15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 65, 65* 80, 100, 125, 155, 175, 200

t n e m m o C c i l b u P r o F 1 2 3

250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600

*JIS K 6741 specification.

Table 19. Jointing method

Jointing method group

1 2 3 4 5

Jointing method

Solvent cement type (socket and spigot) Sealing ring type (socket and spigot) Flange type Mechanical clamping type Threaded type

Table 20. Sampling plan A

Size group

1 2 3 4

13.3

Number of units to be taken from one d n

(sample size) 3 3 3 1

Type test

The type tests shall comprise the tests corresponding to all the requirem ents, as given in the relevant part of this standard. Type tests shall be carried out on pipes which are representative of the current production range. 13.3.1

In addition, relevant type tests shall be carried out whenever there is a change in design, in material and/or in the production method, other than routine in-process adjustments, and/or to extensions of the product range. 13.3.2

28


12J002R0

For the purposes of defining the change of the material/compound of this standard, the dosage level of ingredients of a compound shall not exceed the tolerance bands given in Table 21. The values of X shall be specified by the manufacturer in his quality plan (see Table 21). 13.3.3

If any level exceeds the dosage band or if a type is changed, this variation in formulation constitutes a change in material/compound and the relevant characteristics. A change in the supplier of a material or within a type of stabiliser does not necessarily constitute a change in material/compound. A change in the chemical nature of the stabiliser, e.g. from Pb to Sn, shall constitute a change in material. 13.3.4

Table 21. Material/compound tolerance bands

t n e m  m o C c i l b u P r o F

Materials/ingredients

Type

Value

PVC resin 100 parts

K-value

X 1: ± 2

Stabilisers based on

-

X 2: ± 40 %

Total quantity of other additives

CaCo3,pigments,lubricants, etc.

13.3.5

Pb; Ca-Zn; Sn; or Others.

X and

band

n

X i

:  50%

3

For the purpose of the change in design the following characteristics are relevant:

- dimensions;

- geometry of the component; and - jointing design.

In the quality plan of the manufacturer at least the geometry, dimensions and the applied tolerances according and in addition to the requirements of the standard shall be specified. Type tests shall demonstrate that products conform to all requirements for the characteristics given in Table 22.


29

12J002R0

Table 22. Characteristics of pipes that require type testing Characteristics

Initial/ changes/ extension

Reference to clause and table

Sampling procedure

I

D

M

E

Effect on water quality

Clause 5.2

+

-

+

-

Density

Clause 5.5

+

-

+

-

MRS-value 2)

Clause 5.4.1

+

-

+

-

Sealing ring Adhesive Appearance Colour Dimensions Marking

Clause 11.3 Clause 11.4 Clauses 6.2, 6.3, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6.1, 7.6.2, 12 Tables 3, 5, 6, 7, 8,15 Clause 9.2

+ + + + + +

+ -

+ + + + -

+ + +

+

-

+

+

Clause 9.3, Table 10, Table 11 (if applicable) Clause 10. Table 12

+

+

+

+

+

-

+

-

Clause 10. Table 12

+

-

-

+

Clause 10. Table 12 Clause 5.1 Clause 6.4

+ + +

-

+ + +

-

Resistance to weathering Structural performance

Clause 6.5

+

-

+

-

Clause 9.1. Table 9

+

-

+

+

Compression

Clause 10, Table 12

+

-

+

+

+

+

-

+

+

+

-

+

+

+

-

+

+

+

-

+

Impact strength


Resistance to internal pressure

Vicat softening temperature Longitudinal reversion Degree of gelation VCM - content Opacity

Once per pipe material as defined in the relevant test method standard One evaluation per material/ compound One evaluation per material/ compound One evaluation per ring material One evaluation per adhesive Three d n per pressure group; the test pieces shall be such that the whole marking is visible

Leaktightness at shortClause 11.1. Table term hydrostatic internal 13 pressure Leaktightness at shortClause 11.1. Table term negative air 13 pressure Leaktightness at longClause 11.1. 11.2 term under internal Table 13. 14 water pressure Leaktightness at shortClause 11.2. Table term hydrostatic 14 pressure under bending and at negative air pressure 1) I: initial type test in the case of new system D: change of design M: change of material E: extension of the production range +: test to be carried out if it is relevant.

One evaluation per size group per pressure group One sample per one d n of each size group per pressure group as per sampling plan A One evaluation per material/ compound One evaluation per size group per pressure group One evaluation per pressure group Once per material/compound One evaluation per material/ compound One evaluation per material/ compound One evaluation per size group per pressure group One evaluation per size group per pressure group One test piece per size group per pressure group per jointing method group One test piece per size group per pressure group per jointing method group One test piece from two different size groups per jointing method group for the highest PN One test piece per size group per pressure group per jointing method group

2)

Where there is available long-term experience with a material/compound between a certification body and a manufacturer and/or with the effect of a proposed change in material/compound. it is not necessary to re-evaluate the MRS. In this case the values determined with five test pieces at 20 °C and 60 °C during 1 000 h to 5 000 h shall be located on or above the 97.5 %  LPL long-term characteristic curve established prior to the material/compound change.

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13.4

Batch release test

The manufacturer shall control the quality of his products during manufacture by a system of process control to ensure that the manufactured products meet the performance requirements of this standard. Those characteristics specified in Table 23, shall be batch release tested with the minimum sampling frequency as given in this table. Table 23. Characteristics of pipes that require batch release test

Characteristics

Appearance Dimensions: - pipe layer


Minimum sampling frequency per production line

t n e m m o C c i l b u P r o F Clause 6.2

Once per 8 h

Clause 7.2, Table 3

Once per start up

- pipe diameter - wall thickness - pipe length - socket dimensions Impact strength Resistance to internal pressure

Clauses 7.3. 7.4. 7.5. 7.6.1. 7.6.2 Tables 5. 6. 7. 8

Once per 8 h

Clause 9.2 Clause 9.3 (at 20 ° C for 1 h)

Start up and once per week Start up and once per week

Longitudinal reversion Degree of gelation Marking

Clause 10. Table 12 Clause 10. Table 12 Clause 12. Table 14

Start up and once per week Once per 24 h Once per 8 h


31

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13.5

Audit tests (AT)

If third party certification is involved, the relevant characteristics specified in this standard may be audited and those listed in Table 24 is intended to be audit tested with the minimum sampling frequency as given in the table. Table 24. Characteristics of materials and pipes and minimum sampling frequencies for AT Characteristics


Minimum sampling frequency

Appearance Colour Dimensions Marking

Clauses 6.2, 6.3, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6.1, 7.6.2, 12 Tables 3, 5, 6, 7, 8,15 Clause 9.2

One size per year at any pressure group

Impact strength


Internal pressure for pipe 1)

Clause 9.3, at 60 ° C for 1 000 h Clause 9.3, Table 11

Internal pressure for pipe with integral socket Longitudinal reversion

Clause 10. Table 12

Degree of gelation

Clause 10. Table 12

One size group One size group One size group One size group One size group

per year at any pressure per year at any pressure per year at any pressure

per year at any pressure per year at any pressure

NOTE. The sizes, types and classes selected for tests are primarily those which have not previously been selected for audit testing. Samples should be preferably taken from the largest volume of production per group. 1) Certification bodies may accept process verification tests as audit tests if witnessed by them or by their agencies.

32


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Annex A

(normative) Allowable operating pressures A.1 Nominal pressures of pipes The nominal pressure, PN of a pipe shall be designated in accordance with Table A.1, depending on the diameter of the pipe and the pipe series S. Table A.1. Nominal pressures of pipes Nominal diameter d n

t n e m m o C c i l b u P r o F Nominal pressures Pipe series

S 20

S 16

S 12.5

S 10

S8

S 6.3

S5

(SDR 41)

(SDR 33)

(SDR 26)

(SDR 21)

(SDR 17)

(SDR 13.6)

(SDR 11)

≤ 90

-

PN 6

PN 8

PN 10

PN 12.5

PN 16

PN 20

> 90

PN 6

PN 8

PN 10

PN 12.5

PN 16

PN 20

PN 25

A.2 Nominal pressures of the system

All system components conforming to this standard shall be classified and marked with PN and optionally with the pipe series S. Every component can be used at a temperature up to and including 25 °C for an operating pressure in bar equal to or less than the indicated PN. This means that fittings and valves may be used in combination with pipes marked with the same or lower PN. The whole system allows the operating pressure to be equal to or less than that of the component having the lowest pressure rating.

A.3 Derating factor for service temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C The derating factor, T, for service temperatures between 25 °C up to 45 °C shall be taken from Figure A.1. The derating factor is based on long-term experience and test results. EXAMPLE. Consider a pipe with PN 12.5 to be applied for water at 40 °C. From Figure A.1 the derating factor at 40 °C is 0.71. Therefore the maximum allowable operating pressure at 40 °C in continuous use is: 0.71  12.5 bar  8.88 bar.


33

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Key

X

service temperature. in degrees Celsius

Y

derating factor. T

Figure A.1 Derating factor, T, for service temperatures up to 45 °C

A.4 Derating factor related to application of the system

For applications which need additional derating factors, e.g. more safety than included in the overall service (design) coefficient of 2.0 or 2.5, an additional factor,  A, shall be chosen at the design stage. The allowable operating pressure, PFA, in continuous use shall be calculated using Equation (A.1): PFA  T  A  PN where PFA

(A.1)

is the allowable operating pressure;

T

is the derating factor for service temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C;

 A

is the derating factor related to the application; and

PN is the nominal pressure. NOTES: 1. PFA and PN are expressed in the same unit of pressure, preferably in bars. 2. Where there is no specific requirement,  A  1.

34


12J002R0

Annex B

(normative) Imperial (inch)-sized pipes B.1 General All clauses of this standard shall apply, together with the following clauses. The specifications given in this annex are for the requirements which differ from those given in Clauses 1 to 13.

B.2 Geometrical characteristics B.2.1


Mean outside diameters and their tolerances

For the purposes of 7.3, Table B.1 shall apply in place of Table 4.

Table B.1. Mean outside diameters and tolerances

Dimensions in millimeters

Nominal size

(mm) 10 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 65* 80 100 125 155 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600

Tolerance for outof-roundness

Mean outside diameter

d em. min

d em. max

17.0 21.2 26.6 33.4 42.1

17.3 21.5 26.9 33.7 42.4

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5

48.1 60.2 75.0 75.7 88.7 114.1 140.0 168.0

48.4 60.5 75.3 76.3 89.1 114.5 140.4 168.5

0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.7

193.5 218.8 272.6 323.4 355.0 405.9 456.7

194.0 219.4 273.4 324.3 356.0 406.9 457.7

1.9 2.2 2.8 3.3 3.6 4.2 4.6

507.5 609.1

508.5 610.1

5.2 6.2



35

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B.2.2

Wall thicknesses and their tolerances

For the purposes of 7.4, the following shall apply. The nominal wall thicknesses, en, shall be classified according to the PN rating of the pipe, as given in Table B.2. The tolerances on the wall thickness at any point shall conform to Table B.3. Table B.2. Nominal wall thicknesses

Dimensions in millimeters Nominal wall thickness e

Nominal size


36

(mm)

PN 9

PN 12

PN 15

10 15 20 25 32

    

   

2.2

1.5 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.7

40 50 65 80 100 125 155



2.5 3.0 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.6

2.5 3.1 3.9 4.6 6.0 7.3 8.8

3.1 3.9 4.8 5.7 7.3 9.0 10.8

175 200 250 300 350 400 450

7.7 7.8 9.7 11.5 12.6 14.5 16.3

10.1 10.3 12.8 15.2 16.7 19.0 21.4

12.4 12.6 15.7 18.7 20.5 23.4

500 600

18.1 21.7

 

 




12J002R0

Table B.3. Tolerance on wall thicknesses at any point Dimensions in millimeters Tolerance x on wall thicknessa

Nominal size

(mm)

PN 9

PN 12

PN 15

10 15 20 25 32

    

   

0.5

0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6

40 50 65 80 100 125 155



0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.4

0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.7

1.2 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.5

1.6 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.3

1.9 1.9 2.4 2.9 3.1 3.6



2.8 3.3

 

 

175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 a


The tolerance is expressed in the form of minimum wall thickness.

B.2.3 B.2.3.1

 x

0 mm.

where x is the value of the tolerance on the

Pipes with sockets

Sockets for solvent cementing

For the purposes of 7.6.1, the following shall apply.

The dimensions of sockets for solvent cementing are shown in Figure B.1. They shall conform to the values given in Table B.4.

Figure B.1. Socket on pipe end for solvent cementing


37

12J002R0

At no point shall the inside diameter of the socket be greater than the mouth inside diameter of the associated socket. The mean inside diameter of the socket may decrease from mouth to root by the following maximum total included angle of taper: ⅜" to 2" nominal size: 0°40';

3" nominal size and greater: 0°30'. An out-of-roundness tolerance of  0.2 % is allowed on the mean inside diameter of the socket at the midpoint of the socket length. Table B.4. Dimensions of sockets for solvent cementing

Dimensions in millimeters

Nominal size

(mm) 10 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 65* 80 100 125 155 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600


Mean inside diameter of socket at midpoint of socket length

Socket length

Lmin

d im. min

d im. max

14.5 16.5 19.5 22.5 27.0

17.1 21.3 26.7 33.5 42.2

17.3 21.5 26.9 33.7 42.4

30.0 36.0 43.5 44.0 50.5 63.0 76.0 90.0

48.2 60.3 75.1 75.8 88.8 114.2 140.1 168.2

48.4 60.5 75.3 76.3 89.1 114.5 140.4 168.5

103.0 115.5 142.5 168.0 183.5 209.0 234.5

193.6 219.0 272.8 323.7 355.1 406.0 456.8

194.0 219.4 273.4 324.3 356.0 406.9 457.7

260.0 310.5

507.6 609.2

508.5 610.1

NOTE. The minimum socket lengths, Lmin, are calculated using Equation (B.1): Lmin  0.5 d em, min  6 mm

(B.1) where d em, min is the minimum mean outside diameter of the corresponding pipe.


38


12J002R0

B.2.3.2

Sockets for elastomeric ring seals joints

For the purposes of 7.6.2, the following shall apply. The depth of engagement, m, of single sockets with elastomeric sealing ring type joints are shown in Figure B.2. The minimum value for m shall conform to the applicable value given in Table B.5.

Key a b


Start of sealing area.

End of cylindrical part of socket and pipe.

Figure B.2. Socket and spigot end for pipes with elastomeric sealing ring

NOTES:

1. Figure 4 shows the engagement if the spigot end is pushed to the socket bottom. 2. For assembly instructions, see ISO/TR 4191[7].


39

12J002R0

Table B.5. Dimensions of sockets for elastomeric ring seal joints

Dimensions in millimeters Nominal size

Minimum depth of engagement mmin

(mm)

Single socket

Double socket

50 65

63 67

39 41

80 100 125 155

70 75 81 87

43 47 51 55

93 98 110 121 128

59 63 71 79 83

139 151 162 184

91 99 106 121

175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600


B.3 Classification and choice of pipes

For classification and selection, 8.1 and 8.2 shall not apply to imperial (inch)-sized pipes.

B.4 Physical characteristics

The characteristics given in Table 12 shall be applied to imperial-sized pipes.

40


12J002R0

Annex C

(normative) Method for the determination of impact resistance at 0 °C for Type 1 (metric series) C.1

Impact strength

Pipes with a nominal wall thickness of 14.9 mm or less, if tested for resistance to external blows at 0 °C in accordance with EN 744 shall have a true impact rate (TIR) of not more than 10 % when tested at the levels given in Table C.1.


Pipes in the series S 5 to S 10 shall be tested at the medium level M and pipes in the series S 12.5 to S 20 shall be tested at the high level H. The type of the striker shall be as given in EN 744:1995. Table 2, depending on the mass of the falling weight. The sampling procedure shall conform to EN 744.

NOTE. For practical reasons, this test cannot be applied for pipes with d n  20 mm.

Table C.1. Requirements for the falling weight impact test Nominal outside diameter , d n

(mm) 20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90 110 125 140 160 180 200 225 250 280 315 a b

Medium level M

High level H

Mass of falling weight

Fall height

Impact energya b

Mass of falling weight

Fall height

Impact energya b

(kg) 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.13 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 6.25 6.25 8.0 8.0

(m) 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.6 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0

(Nm) 5 6 7.5 10 12.5 20 20 24 40 62.5 72 80 90 100 112.5 125 144 160

(kg) 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 2.0 2.0 2.5 4.0 6.25 8.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 12.5 12.5 15.75 15.75

(m) 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.2 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0

(Nm) 5 6.25 7.5 10 12.5 20 24 50 80 125 144 160 180 200 225 250 283.5 315

Based on g = 9.81 m/s2. For less than 10, rounded off to 0.5; for greater than 10. rounded off to integers.


41

12J002R0

Annex D

(normative) Method for the determination of impact resistance at 20 °C for Type 2 (imperial series) D.1 Apparatus D.1.1

Falling weight apparatus, which shall consist essentially of the following (see Figure

D.1): D.1.1.1

Main frame rigidly fixed in a vertical position.

D.1.1.2

Guide rails, carried on the inside of the main frame and adjustable to keep them


parallel and vertical.

Striker , which may be weighted and which can fall freely within the guide rails. It shall be equipped with a hardened hemispherical striking surface 25 mm in diameter, which shall be free from flats and other imperfections. The combined mass of striker and weight shall be not less than the nominal value given in Table D.1, in accordance with the size of pipe to be tested, and shall not exceed that nominal mass by more than 10 % for nominal masses less than or equal to 1.75 kg or by more than 5 % for nominal masses greater than or equal to 2.25 kg. D.1.1.3

Test piece support , comprising a 120° vee-block, at least 230 mm in length, so positioned below the guide rails that the tip of the striker is not more than 2.5 mm from either axis of the vee-block. D.1.1.4

D.1.1.5

Release mechanism , such that the striker can fall through the test height onto the

top surface of the test piece. D.1.1.6

Means for maintaining a constant height of fall, by vertical movement of either

the vee-block, the release mechanism or the main frame, in order to accommodate different diameters of pipe.

D.2 Test pieces

Each test piece shall be a length of pipe having undamaged ends cut square to the longitudinal axis. Each test piece shall be a complete section of pipe of a length in millimeters equal to 50 times the nominal size, or 150 mm, whichever is the greater, subject to a maximum length of 300 mm. For nominal size 40 mm and above, Draw a straight line along the entire length of each test piece, randomly positioned on the pipe’s circumference. Draw further lines parallel to the first line, equally spacing them around the circumference, to bring the total number to that given in Table D.2.

42


12J002R0


Figure D.1. Suitable type of impact testing apparatus Table D.1. Mass of striker

Nominal size of the test piece

(mm) 10 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 155 175 200 225 250 300 and above


Nominal mass of weighted striker

For 5 m height

For 2 m height

(kg) 0.5 0.75 1.0 1.25 1.375 1.50 1.75 2.0 2.25 2.75 3.25 3.75 4.0 5.0 5.75 6.25 7.5

(kg) 1.25 1.88 2.5 3.13 3.438 3.75 4.38 5.0 5.63 6.88 8.13 9.38 10.0 12.5 14.38 15.63 18.75

43

12J002R0

D.3 Procedure Condition the test pieces at 20 °C ± 1 °C for at least 30 min. Set the falling weight apparatus (D.1) to give a height of fall of 2 000 mm +10 mm, measured from the hemispherical striking 0 surface of the appropriately weighted striker (D.1.1.3) to the top of the piece. Determine the weight to be used according to the pipe diameter [see Table D.2 and (D.1.1.3)]. Within 1 min of removing a test piece from the conditioning environment, place it on the test piece support (D.1.1.4) with one of the marked lines uppermost, where applicable, and allow the weighted striker to fall freely onto the test piece. If the test piece does not fail as defined by cracking completely through its wall thickness, and subject to its not being out of the conditioning environment for more than 1 min, rotate it until the next line becomes uppermost and in this position strike it again. Repeat this process until each line has been struck once or the test piece has failed. Test further the test pieces in the same manner. When any test piece fails, remove it from the machine, record the number of strikes up to the point of failure and recommence the test using a further test piece. Use as many test pieces and strikes as it takes to obtain a conclusion in accordance with D.4.


Table D.2. Number of lines to be drawn along test specimens Nominal size

(mm) 40 and below 50 65 80 100 125 155 175 200 225 250 300 350 375 and above

Number of lines

1 3 3 4 6 8 8 8 12 12 16 16 16 24

D.4 Determination and interpretation of results

Refer to Figure D.2 to compare the number of strikes with the number of failed test pieces and interpret the result as follows: a) If the true impact rate falls within region C (TIR above 10 %), report the result as a failure. b) If the true impact rate falls within region A (TIR below 10 %), report the result as a pass. c) If the result falls on or within the boundaries of region B, the result is indeterminate, in which case continue testing until a positive result is obtained (see note) or until it becomes clear that a result within region A is most unlikely, and this case report the result as a failure. NOTE. This will usually require a sequence of not less than 10 further blows which procedures either no failed test pieces or as least two failed test pieces.

44


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45

12J002R0

Bibliography [1]

ISO 4065:1996, Thermoplastics pipes - Universal wall thickness table

[2]

ISO 3, Preferred numbers - Series of preferred numbers

[3]

ISO 497, Guide to the choice of series of preferred numbers and of series containing more rounded values of preferred numbers

[4]

KRV Nachrichten 1/95, Dipl.Ing. Reinhard E. Nowack, Dipl. Phys. Egon Barth, Ing.-Oec. Ilse Otto, Dr.Erich W. Braun: 60 Jahre Erfahrung mit Rohrleitungen aus weichmacherfreiem Polyvinylchlorid (PVC-U)

[5]


TNO Science and Industry, A. BOERSMA and J. BREEN, 9th International PVC Conference, Brighton. April 1995: Long term performance of existing PVC water distribution systems

[6]

ISO 11922-1, Thermoplastics pipes for the conveyance of fluids - Dimensions and tolerances - Part 1: Metric series

[7]

ISO/TR 4191, Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) pipes for water supply Recommended practices for laying

46


12J002R0_PC

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