Chapter 23 Electric Fields Multiple Choice 1.
Each of two small non-conducting spheres is charged positively, the combined charge being 40 μC. When the two spheres are 50 cm apart, each sphere is repelled from the other by a force of magnitude 2.0 N. Determine the th e magnitude of the smaller of the two charges. a.
1.4 μC b. 1.1 μC c. 2.0 μC d. 3.3 μC e. 17 μC 2.
A particle (charge = +40 μC) is located on the x axis at the point x = –20 cm, and a second particle (charge = –50 μC) is placed on the x axis at x = +30 cm. What is the magnitude of the total electrostatic force on a third particle (charge = –4.0 μC) placed at the origin (x = 0)? a. b. c. d. e.
3.
41 N 16 N 56 N 35 N 72 N
In the figure, if Q = 30 μC, q = 5.0 μC, and d = 30 cm, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on q? d
4.
2d
Q
q
a. b. c. d. e.
15 N 23 N zero 7.5 N 38 N
2Q
A charge of +80 μC is placed on the x axis at x = 0. A second charge of –50 μC is placed on the x axis at x = 50 cm. What is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on a third charge of 4.0 μC placed on the x axis at x = 30 cm? a. b. c. d. e.
13 N 77 N 39 N 25 N 45 N
1
2
5.
CHAPTER 23
Three point charges are positioned on the x axis. If the charges and corresponding positions are +32 μC at x = 0, +20 μC at x = 40 cm, and –60 μC at x = 60 cm, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on the +32-μC charge? a. b. c. d. e.
6.
A particle (m = 50 g, q = 5.0 μC) is released from rest when it is 50 cm from a second particle (Q = –20 μC). Determine the magnitude of the initial acceleration of the 50-g particle. a. b. c. d. e.
7.
e.
7.2 N 3.9 N 1.5 N 14 N 8.1 N
A point charge Q is placed on the x axis at x = –2.0 m. A second point charge, –Q , is placed at x = 1.0 m. If Q = 60 μC, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on a 40-μC charge placed at the origin? a. b. c. d. e.
9.
54 m/s2 90 m/s2 72 m/s2 65 m/s2 36 m/s2
A point charge Q is placed on the x axis at x = 2.0 m. A second point charge, –Q , is placed at x = 3.0 m. If Q = 40 μC, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on a 30-μC charge placed at the origin? a. b. c. d.
8.
84 N 12 N 36 N 50 N 48 N
16 N 27 N 32 N 11 N 3.0 N
A point charge Q is placed on the x axis at the origin. An identical point charge is placed on the x axis at x = –1.0 m and another at x = +1.0 m. If Q = 40 μC, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on the charge at x = +1.0 m? a. b. c. d. e.
29 N 14 N 11 N 18 N 7.0 N
Electric Fields
10.
If a = 3.0 mm, b = 4.0 mm, Q1 = 60 nC, Q2 = –80 nC, and q = 36 nC in the figure, what is the magnitude of the total electric force on q? a
b
Q1 a. b. c. d. e. 11.
q
Q2
5.0 N 4.4 N 3.8 N 5.7 N 0.60 N
If a = 3.0 mm, b = 4.0 mm, Q1 = –60 nC, Q2 = 80 nC, and q = 30 nC in the figure, what is the magnitude of the total electric force on q? a
b
Q1 a. b. c. d. e. 12.
Q2
q
1.4 N 1.0 N 1.7 N 2.0 N 0.50 N
If a = 3.0 mm, b = 4.0 mm, Q1 = 60 nC, Q2 = 80 nC, and q = 24 nC in the figure, what is the magnitude of the total electric force on q? Q1 a 90
˚
Q2
b q
a. b. c. d. e.
2.7 N 1.9 N 2.3 N 1.5 N 0.52 N
3
4
13.
CHAPTER 23
If a = 3.0 mm, b = 4.0 mm, Q1 = 60 nC, Q2 = 80 nC, and q = 32 nC in the figure, what is the magnitude of the total electric force on q? Q1
a b q a
Q2 a. b. c. d. e. 14.
Three point charges, two positive and one negative, each having a magnitude of 20 μC are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle (30 cm on a side). What is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on the negative charge? a. b. c. d. e.
15.
80 N 40 N 69 N 57 N 75 N
Three point charges, two positive and one negative, each having a magnitude of 20 μC are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle (30 cm on a side). What is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on one of the positive charges? a. b. c. d. e.
16.
1.6 N 1.3 N 1.9 N 2.2 N 0.040 N
69 N 40 N 80 N 57 N 20 N
A point charge Q is placed at the origin. A second charge, 2Q , is placed on the x axis at x = –3.0 m. If Q = 50 μC, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on a third point charge, –Q , placed on the y axis at y = +4.0 m? a. b. c. d. e.
2.5 N 3.0 N 3.7 N 4.4 N 1.8 N
Electric Fields
17.
Three identical point charges Q are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle (length of each side = 2.0 m). If Q = 60 μC, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on any one of the charges? 25 N 19 N 14 N 22 N 16 N
a. b. c. d. e. 18.
Identical point charges Q are placed at each of the four corners of a 3.0 m × 4.0 m rectangle. If Q = 40 μC, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on any one of the charges? 3.0 N 2.4 N 1.8 N 3.7 N 2.0 N
a. b. c. d. e. 19.
A point charge (–5.0 μC) is placed on the x axis at x = 4.0 cm, and a second charge (+5.0 μC) is placed on the x axis at x = –4.0 cm. What is the magnitude of the electric force on a third charge (+2.5 μC) placed on the y axis at y = 3.0 cm? 90 N 45 N 54 N 72 N 36 N
a. b. c. d. e. 20.
5
If Q = 25 μC, q = 10 μC, and L = 40 cm in the figure, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on q? q L
90
L
˚
+Q a. b. c. d. e.
–Q
28 N 22 N 20 N 14 N 10 N
6
21.
CHAPTER 23
If Q = 20 μC and L = 60 cm, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on any one of the charges shown? L
+Q
–Q
L
L
L
–Q
a. b. c. d. e. 22.
+Q
25 N 19 N 15 N 9.1 N 14 N
If a = 60 cm, b = 80 cm, Q = –4.0 nC, and q = 1.5 nC, what is the magnitude of the electric field at point P? b
Q
a
a
b a. b. c. d. e. 23.
P
q
68 N/C 72 N/C 77 N/C 82 N/C 120 N/C
If a = 60 cm, b = 80 cm, Q = –6.0 nC, and q = 4.0 nC, what is the magnitude of the electric field at point P? Q
a
90
˚
q a. b. c. d. e.
35 N/C 42 N/C 52 N/C 64 N/C 104 N/C
b
P
Electric Fields
24.
If a = 60 cm, b = 80 cm, Q = –6.0 nC, and q = 6.0 nC, what is the magnitude of the electric field at point P in the figure? P
b
90
˚
Q a. b. c. d. e. 25.
a
q
65 N/C 55 N/C 60 N/C 52 N/C 67 N/C
If a = 60 cm, b = 80 cm, Q = –6.0 nC, and q = 3.0 nC in the figure, what is the magnitude of the electric field at point P? Q
a
b 90
˚
a
q a. b. c. d. e.
71 N/C 56 N/C 60 N/C 53 N/C 67 N/C
P
7
8
26.
CHAPTER 23
If Q = 16 nC, a = 3.0 m, and b = 4.0 m, what is the magnitude of the electric field at point P? Q
P
a 90
b
˚
Q a. b. c. d. e. 27.
Q
33 N/C 31 N/C 24 N/C 19 N/C 13 N/C
If Q = 80 nC, a = 3.0 m, and b = 4.0 m in the figure, what is the magnitude of the electric field at point P? 2Q
a 90
˚
–Q
b
P
a
2Q
a. b. c. d. e. 28.
A +2.0-nC point charge is placed at one corner of a square (1.5 m on a side), and a –3.0-nC charge is placed on a corner diagonally away from the first charge. What is the magnitude of the electric field at either of the two unoccupied corners? a. b. c. d. e.
29.
45 N/C 70 N/C 29 N/C 47 N/C 92 N/C
20 N/C 14 N/C 4.0 N/C 12 N/C 8.0 N/C
A +15-nC point charge is placed on the x axis at x = 1.5 m, and a –20-nC charge is placed on the y axis at y = –2.0m. What is the magnitude of the electric field at the origin? a. b. c. d. e.
105 N/C 15 N/C 75 N/C 45 N/C 60 N/C
Electric Fields
30.
A +20-nC point charge is placed on the x axis at x = 2.0 m, and a –25-nC point charge is placed on the y axis at y = –3.0 m. What is the direction of the electric field at the origin? a. b. c. d. e.
31.
–5.3 cm 5.7 cm 4.9 cm –6.0 cm +6.0 cm
A charge of 80 nC is uniformly distributed along the x axis from x = 0 to x = 2.0 m. Determine the magnitude of the electric field at a point on the x axis with x = 8.0 m. a. b. c. d. e.
34.
19 N/C 23 N/C 32 N/C 35 N/C 21 N/C
A 40-μC charge is positioned on the x axis at x = 4.0 cm. Where should a –60-μC charge be placed to produce a net electric field of zero at the origin? a. b. c. d. e.
33.
209° 61° 29° 241° 151°
A charge Q is placed on the x axis at x = +4.0 m. A second charge q is located at the origin. If Q = +75 nC and q = –8.0 nC, what is the magnitude of the electric field on the y axis at y = +3.0 m? a. b. c. d. e.
32.
9
30 N/C 15 N/C 48 N/C 90 N/C 60 N/C
A charge (uniform linear density = 9.0 nC/m) is distributed along the x axis from x = 0 to x = 3.0 m. Determine the magnitude of the electric field at a point on the x axis with x = 4.0 m. a. b. c. d. e.
81 N/C 74 N/C 61 N/C 88 N/C 20 N/C
10
35.
CHAPTER 23
A charge of 25 nC is uniformly distributed along a circular arc (radius = 2.0 m) that is subtended by a 90-degree angle. What is the magnitude of the electric field at the center of the circle along which the arc lies? a. b. c. d. e.
36.
Charge of uniform density 4.0 nC/m is distributed along the x axis from x = −2.0 m to x = +3.0 m. What is the magnitude of the electric field at the point x = +5.0 m on the x axis? a. b. c. d. e.
37.
e.
62 N/C 56 N/C 50 N/C 44 N/C 25 N/C
A uniformly charged rod (length = 2.0 m, charge per unit length = 3.0 nC/m) is bent to form a semicircle. What is the magnitude of the electric field at the center of the circle? a. b. c. d. e.
39.
16 N/C 13 N/C 19 N/C 26 N/C 5.0 N/C
A uniformly charged rod (length = 2.0 m, charge per unit length = 5.0 nC/m) is bent to form one quadrant of a circle. What is the magnitude of the electric field at the center of the circle? a. b. c. d.
38.
81 N/C 61 N/C 71 N/C 51 N/C 25 N/C
64 N/C 133 N/C 48 N/C 85 N/C 34 N/C
A 16-nC charge is distributed uniformly along the x axis from x = 0 to x = 4 m. Which of the following integrals is correct for the magnitude (in N/C) of the electric field at x = +10 m on the x axis? a.
b.
c.
d. e.
36 dx ∫0 (10 − x)2 4 154 dx ∫0 (10 − x)2 4 36 dx ∫0 x 2 10 154 dx ∫6 x 2 none of these 4
Electric Fields
40.
A uniform linear charge of 2.0 nC/m is distributed along the x axis from x = 0 to x = 3 m. Which of the following integrals is correct for the y component of the electric field at y = 4 m on the y axis? a.
b.
c.
d. e. 41.
72dx ∫0 (16 + x 2 )3/2 3 18 dx ∫0 (16 + x 2 )3/2 3 72dx ∫0 16 + x 2 0 18 dx ∫ 3 16 + x 2 none of these 3
A 12-nC charge is distributed uniformly along the y axis from y = 0 to y = 4 m. Which of the following integrals is correct for the x component of the electric field at x = 2 m on the x axis? a.
b.
c.
d. e. 42.
11
216dy ∫0 (4 + y 2 )3/2 4 54 dy ∫0 (4 + y 2 )3/2 4 108 dy ∫0 4 + y 2 4 27 dy ∫0 4 + y 2 none of these 4
A uniform linear charge of 3.0 nC/m is distributed along the y axis from y = –3 m to y = 2m. Which of the following integrals is correct for the magnitude of the electric field at y = 4 m on the y axis? a.
b.
c.
d. e.
27 dy ∫ −3 (4 − y)2 2 27 dy ∫ −3 16 + y 2 2 135dy ∫ −3 (4 − y)2 2 135dy ∫ −3 16 + y 2 none of these 2
12
43.
CHAPTER 23
A uniform linear charge of 2.0 nC/m is distributed along the x axis from x = 0 to x = 3 m. Which of the following integrals is correct for the x component of the electric field at y = 2 m on the y axis? a.
b.
c.
d. e. 44.
A rod (length = 2.0 m) is uniformly charged and has a total charge of 40 nC. What is the magnitude of the electric field at a point which lies along the axis of the rod and is 3.0 m from the center of the rod? a. b. c. d. e.
45.
40 N/C 45 N/C 24 N/C 90 N/C 36 N/C
A charge of 50 nC is uniformly distributed along the y axis from y = 3.0 m to y = 5.0 m. What is the magnitude of the electric field at the origin? a. b. c. d. e.
46.
18 xdx ∫ 0 ( 4 + x 2 )3/2 3 −18 dx ∫ 0 (2 + x)2 3 −18 dx ∫0 4 + x 2 3 −18 xdx ∫ 0 (2 + x)3 none of these 3
18 N/C 50 N/C 30 N/C 15 N/C 90 N/C
A 24-nC charge is distributed uniformly along the x axis from x = 2 m to x = 6 m. Which of the following integrals is correct for the magnitude (in N/C) of the electric field at x = +8 m on the x axis? a.
b.
c.
d. e.
6
54 dx
∫ 2 (8 − x ) 2 216dx ∫ 2 (8 − x ) 2 6 54 dx ∫2 x 2 6 216 dx ∫2 x2 none of these 6
Electric Fields
47.
A uniform linear charge density of 7.0 nC/m is distributed along the y axis from y = 2 m to y = 5 m. Which of the following integrals is correct for the magnitude (in N/C) of the electric field at y = 0 on the y axis? a.
b.
c.
d. e. 48.
e.
–5.0 N/C –4.0 N/C –5.7 N/C –6.2 N/C –9.0 N/C
A particle (mass = 4.0 g, charge = 80 mC) moves in a region of space where the electric field is uniform and is given by Ex = –2.5 N/C, E y = Ez = 0. If the velocity of the particle at t = 0 is given by vx = 80 m/s, v y = vz = 0, what is the speed of the particle at t = 2.0 s? a. b. c. d. e.
50.
63dy ∫ 2 y 2 5 21dy ∫2 y 2 5 63 dy ∫ 2 (5 − y)2 5 21dy ∫ 2 (5 − y)2 none of these 5
A uniform linear charge of 2.0 nC/m is distributed along the x axis from x = 0 to x = 3 m. What is the x component of the electric field at y = 2 m on the y axis? a. b. c. d.
49.
13
40 m/s 20 m/s 60 m/s 80 m/s 180 m/s
A particle (mass = 5.0 g, charge = 40 mC) moves in a region of space where the electric field is uniform and is given by Ex = 2.5 N/C, E y = Ez = 0. If the velocity of the particle at t = 0 is given by v y = 50 m/s, vx = vz = 0, what is the speed of the particle at t = 2.0 s? a. b. c. d. e.
81 m/s 72 m/s 64 m/s 89 m/s 25 m/s
14
51.
CHAPTER 23
A particle (mass = 5.0 g, charge = 40 mC) moves in a region of space where the electric field is uniform and is given by Ex = –5.5 N/C, E y = Ez = 0. If the position and velocity of the particle at t = 0 are given by x = y = z = 0 and vx = 50 m/s, v y = vz = 0, what is the distance from the origin to the particle at t = 2.0 s? a. b. c. d. e.
52.
A particle (mass = 5.0 g, charge = 40 mC) moves in a region of space where the electric field is uniform and is given by Ex = –2.3 N/C, E y = Ez = 0. If the position and velocity of the particle at t = 0 are given by x = y = z = 0 and vz = 20 m/s, vx = v y = 0, what is the distance from the origin to the particle at t = 2.0 s? a. b. c. d. e.
53.
d. e.
68 m/s 44 m/s 56 m/s 80 m/s 36 m/s
A particle (q = 4.0 mC, m = 50 g) has a velocity of 25 m/s in the positive x direction when it first enters a region where the electric field is uniform (60 N/C in the positive y direction). What is the speed of the particle 5.0 s after it enters this region? a. b. c. d. e.
55.
60 m 54 m 69 m 78 m 3.2 m
A particle (q = 3.0 mC, m = 20 g) has a speed of 20 m/s when it enters a region where the electric field has a constant magnitude of 80 N/C and a direction which is the same as the velocity of the particle. What is the speed of the particle 3.0 s after it enters this region? a. b. c.
54.
60 m 28 m 44 m 12 m 88 m
49 m/s 35 m/s 32 m/s 44 m/s 24 m/s
A charge of 50 μC is placed on the y axis at y = 3.0 cm and a 77- μC charge is placed on the x axis at x = 4.0 cm. If both charges are held fixed, what is the magnitude of the initial acceleration of an electron released from rest at the origin? 1.2 × 1020 m/s2 20 2 b. 1.5 × 10 m/s c. 1.0 × 1020 m/s2 20 2 d. 1.8 × 10 m/s e. 2.0 × 1020 m/s2 a.
Electric Fields
56.
The velocity of a particle (m = 10 mg, q = –4.0 μ C) at t = 0 is 20 m/s in the positive x direction. If the particle moves in a uniform electric field of 20 N/C in the positive x direction, what is the particle's speed at t = 5.0 s? a. b. c. d. e.
57.
80 m 20 m 58 m 10 m 30 m
A particle (m = 20 mg, q = –5.0 μ C) moves in a uniform electric field of 60 N/C in the positive x direction. At t = 0, the particle is moving 30 m/s in the positive x direction and is passing through the origin. Determine the maximum distance beyond x = 0 the particle travels in the positive x direction. a. b. c. d. e.
59.
60 m/s 20 m/s 45 m/s 40 m/s 70 m/s
A particle (m = 20 mg, q = –5.0 μ C) moves in a uniform electric field of 60 N/C in the positive x direction. At t = 0, the particle is moving 25 m/s in the positive x direction and is passing through the origin. How far is the particle from the origin at t = 2.0 s? a. b. c. d. e.
58.
15
25 m 20 m 15 m 30 m 60 m
Charge Q is distributed uniformly along a semicircle of radius a. Which formula below gives the correct magnitude of the electric field at the center of the circle? a.
E=
b.
E=
c.
E=
d.
E=
e.
E=
1 4πε 0 1 4πε 0 1 4πε 0 1 4πε 0 1 4πε 0
Q . π a Q . 2 π a 2Q . π a 2Q 2 . π a 2Q . a2
16
60.
61.
CHAPTER 23
Charge Q is distributed uniformly along a semicircle of radius a. Which formula below gives the correct magnitude of the force on a particle of charge q located at the center of the circle? a.
F=
b.
F=
c.
F=
d.
F=
e.
F=
1 qQ . 4πε 0 π a 1 qQ . 4πε 0 π a 2 1 2qQ . 4πε 0 π a 1 2qQ . 4πε 0 π a 2 1 2qQ . 4πε 0 a 2
Charge Q is uniformly distributed over a line segment of length 2L , as shown below. When the x-coordinate of point P is x , the magnitude of the y-component of the electric field at point P is y L P
x
–L
a. b.
c.
d.
e.
62.
0. 1
Q
. 4πε 0 2 L2 + x 2 1 Q . 4πε 0 L2 + x 2 1 Q . 4πε 0 x L2 + x 2 1 Q . 4πε 0 2x L2 + x 2
When gravitational, magnetic and any forces other than static electric forces are not present, electric field lines in the space surrounding a charge distribution show a. b. c. d. e.
the directions of the forces that exist in space at all times. only the directions in which static charges would accelerate when at points on those lines only the directions in which moving charges would accelerate when at points on those lines. tangents to the directions in which either static or moving charges would accelerate when passing through points on those lines. the paths static or moving charges would take.
Electric Fields
63.
When a positive charge q is placed in the field created by two other charges Q1 and Q2 , each a distance r away from q , the acceleration of q is a. b. c. d. e.
64.
b. c. d. e.
F2 =
5F1. F2 = –5F1. F2 = F1. F2 = –F1. 5F2 = F1.
Rubber rods charged by rubbing with cat fur repel each other. Glass rods charged by rubbing with silk repel each other. A rubber rod and a glass rod charged respectively as above attract each other. A possible explanation is that a. b. c. d. e.
66.
in the direction of the charge Q1 or Q2 of smaller magnitude. in the direction of the charge Q1 or Q2 of greater magnitude. in the direction of the negative charge if Q1 and Q2 are of opposite sign. in the direction of the positive charge if Q1 and Q2 are of opposite sign. in a direction determined by the vector sum of the electric fields of Q1 and Q2.
Two charged particles, Q1 and Q2 , are a distance r apart with Q2 = 5Q1. Compare the forces they exert on one another when F1 is the force Q2 exerts on Q1 and F2 is the force Q1 exerts on Q2. a.
65.
17
Any two rubber rods charged this way have opposite charges on them. Any two glass rods charged this way have opposite charges on them. A rubber rod and a glass rod charged this way have opposite charges on them. All rubber rods always have an excess of positive charge on them. All glass rods always have an excess of negative charge on them.
Which one of the diagrams below is not a possible electric field configuration for a region of space which does not contain any charges?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
18
67.
CHAPTER 23
A positively charged particle is moving in the + y-direction when it enters a region with a uniform electric field pointing in the +x-direction. Which of the diagrams below shows its path while it is in the region where the electric field exists. The region with the field is the region between the plates bounding each figure. The field lines always point to the right. The x-direction is to the right; the y-direction is up.
q
q
(a) 68.
q
(b)
x
(d)
(e)
t
(b)
(a)
The symbol
1
4πε 0 defined units for a. b. c. d. e.
x
x
t
70.
(c)
q
A negatively charged particle is moving in the +x-direction when it enters a region with a uniform electric field pointing in the + x-direction. Which graph gives its position as a function of time correctly? (Its initial position is x = 0 at t = 0.) x
69.
q
x
t
t
(c)
(d)
t
(e)
appears in Coulomb’s law because we use independently
force and distance. charge and distance. distance and force. force, distance and electric charge. charge.
Three pith balls supported by insulating threads hang from a support. We know that ball X is positively charged. When ball X is brought near balls Y and Z without touching them, it attracts Y and repels Z. We can conclude that a. b. c. d. e.
Y has a negative charge. Z has a negative charge. Y has a positive charge. Z has a positive charge. Z is neutral (has no net charge.)
Electric Fields
71.
Three pith balls supported by insulating threads hang from a support. We know that ball X is positively charged. When ball X is brought near balls Y and Z without touching them, it attracts Y and repels Z. We can conclude that a. b. c. d. e.
72.
19
Y has a negative charge. Z has a negative charge. Y has a positive charge. Z is neutral (has no net charge.) Y is negatively charged or neutral (has no net charge.)
Two identical pith balls supported by insulating threads hang side by side and close together, as shown below.
One is positively charged; the other is neutral. We can conclude that a. b. c. d. e.
73.
all field lines leaving the positively charged pith ball end on the neutral pith ball. some of the field lines leaving the positively charged pith ball end on the neutral pith ball. none of the field lines leaving the positively charged pith ball end on the neutral pith ball. positive charge is transferred along the field lines until both balls have equal charges. positive charge is transferred along the field lines until both balls hang along vertical lines.
Two imaginary spherical surfaces of radius R and 2R respectively surround a positive point charge Q located at the center of the concentric spheres. When compared to the number of field lines N 1 going through the sphere of radius R , the number of electric field lines N 2 going through the sphere of radius 2R is a. b. c. d. e.
1 N . 4 1 1 N 2 = N 1 . 2 N 2 = N 1 . N 2 = 2N 1 . N 2 = 4 N 1 . N 2 =
20
74.
CHAPTER 23
Two tiny metal spheres are fixed to the ends of a non-conducting string of length . Equal charges, + q , are placed on the metal spheres. Randall says that the force on the string has magnitude string has magnitude a.
q
4πε 0
q
4πε 0
q
4πε 0
75.
2
. Tilden says that the tension in the
2
2
. Which one, if either, is correct?
2
2
.
2
2
.
Both are correct, because both charges exert forces on the string. Neither is correct, because both the tension and the force have magnitude 1
e.
2πε 0
2πε 0
2
Tilden, because both charges exert forces on the string, but the net force is 1
c. d.
q
q
Randall, because both charges exert forces on the string, but the tension is 1
b.
1
1
2
2
.
Neither is correct, because the tension is
1
q
4πε 0
2
2
, but the net force is 0.
Enrico says that positive charge is created when you rub a glass rod with silk, and that negative charge is simply the absence of positive charge. Rosetta says that negative charge is created and that positive charge is the absence of positive charge. (She has heard that Ben Franklin should have reversed the signs he associated with the charges.) Which one, if either, is correct? a. b. c. d. e.
Enrico, because there really is only one kind of charge. Rosetta, because there really is only one kind of charge. Neither: although no charge is present originally, both types of charge are created through friction. Both: only one type of charge is created by friction at any one time. Neither: both negative and positive charge are present simultaneously in all solid materials on Earth.
Electric Fields
76.
Three 2.50 C charges are placed on tiny conducting spheres at the ends of 1.00 m-long strings that are connected at 120° angles as shown below. The magnitude, in N, of the force on any one of the charges is a. b. c. d. e.
77.
Three 2.50 C charges are placed on tiny conducting spheres at the ends of 1.00 m-long strings that are connected at 120° angles as shown below. The magnitude, in N, of the tension in any one of the strings is a. b. c. d. e.
78.
× 10 −2 . −2 3.75 × 10 . −2 5.63 × 10 . −2 6.50 × 10 . −2 7.50 × 10 .
1.88
× 10 −2 . −2 3.75 × 10 . −2 5.63 × 10 . −2 6.50 × 10 . −2 7.50 × 10 .
1.88
Three 2.50 C charges are placed on tiny conducting spheres at the ends of 1.00 m-long strings that are connected at 120° angles as shown below. The magnitude, in N, of the force on the knot at the center is a.
0.
b.
× 10− − 5.63 × 10 − 6.50 × 10 − 7.50 × 10
c. d. e.
3.75
2
. 2 . 2 . 2 .
21
22
CHAPTER 23
79.
A uniform electric field
EI
is present in the region between the infinite parallel
planes of charge, A and B, and a uniform electric field EII is present in the region between the infinite parallel planes of charge B and C. When the planes are vertical and the fields are both non-zero,
a.
EI
and
E II
are both directed to the right.
b.
EI
and
E II
are both directed to the left.
c.
EI
points to the right and
d.
points to the left and EII to the right. Any one of the above is possible.
e.
E II to
the left.
EI
80.
A uniform electric field
EI
is present in the region between infinite parallel plane
plates A and B and a uniform electric field
E II is
present in the region between
infinite parallel plane plates B and C. When the plates are vertical,
to the right and be a. b. c. d. e. 81.
E II
E I is
directed
to the left. The signs of the charges on plates A, B and C may
–, –, –. +, –, –. +, –, +. +, +, +. any one of the above.
Three infinite planes of charge, A, B and C, are vertical and parallel to one another. There is a uniform electric field E I to the left of plane A and a uniform
electric field
field a. b. c. d. e.
E II
E II
to the right of plane C. The field
E I points
to the left and the
points to the right. The signs of the charges on plates A, B and C may be
–, –, –. +, –, –. +, –, +. +, +, +. any one of the above.
Electric Fields
23
Open-Ended Problems 82.
The electron gun in a television tube accelerates electrons (mass = 9.1 × 10–31 kg, charge = 1.6 × 10–19 C) from rest to 3.0 × 107 m/s within a distance of 2.0 cm. What electric field is required?
83.
An alpha particle (charge = +2e) is sent at high speed toward a gold nucleus (charge +79e). What is the electrical force acting on the alpha particle when it is at a distance of 2 × 10–14 m away from the gold nucleus? (e = 1.6 × 10–19 C)
84.
A proton moving at 3 × 104 m/s is projected at an angle of 30° above a horizontal plane. If an electric field of 400 N/C is directed downwards, how long does it take the proton to return to the horizontal plane? (HINT: Ignore gravity) [mPROTON = 1.67 × 10–27 kg, qPROTON = +1.6 × 10–19 C.]
85.
Imagine for a minute that the moon is held in its orbit about the Earth by electrical forces rather than by gravitation. What electrical charges –Q on the Earth and +Q on the moon are necessary to hold the moon in a circular orbit with a period of 27.3 days? The Earth-moon distance is 384,000 km and the mass of the moon is 7.35 × 1022 kg.
24
CHAPTER 23
Electric Fields
Chapter 23 Electric Fields 1.
a
32.
c
2.
c
33.
b
3.
d
34.
c
4.
b
35.
d
5.
b
36.
b
6.
c
37.
c
7.
c
38.
d
8.
b
39.
a
9.
d
40.
a
10.
c
41.
b
11.
b
42.
a
12.
d
43.
a
13.
b
44.
b
14.
c
45.
c
15.
b
46.
a
16.
b
47.
a
17.
c
48.
b
18.
b
49.
b
19.
d
50.
c
20.
c
51.
d
21.
d
52.
b
22.
a
53.
c
23.
a
54.
b
24.
d
55.
a
25.
d
56.
b
26.
c
57.
b
27.
d
58.
d
28.
b
59.
d
29.
c
60.
d
30.
a
61.
a
31.
b
62.
d
25
26
CHAPTER 23
63.
e
75.
e
64.
d
76.
b
65.
c
77.
b
66.
d
78.
a
67.
d
79.
e
68.
c
80.
e
69.
d
81.
e
70.
d
82.
128 000 N/C
71.
e
83.
91 N
72.
b
84.
7.8 × 10–7 s
73.
c
85.
Q = 5.73 × 1013 C
74.
e
