People VS Carandang GR No: 175926 Date: July 6, 2011
Plant!: People o" t#e P#lppne$ De"endant: Re$ttuto Carandang Petton "or: Re%e& '((u$ed o": 2 (ount$ o" )urder and 1 (ount o" "ru$trated )urder Rulng *ral Court: Gulty o" 2 (ount$ o" )urder and 1 (ount o" "ru$trated )urder Ruln ulng g Cour Courtt o" 'p 'ppe peal al$: $: Gul Gulty ty o" 2 (oun (ount$ t$ o" )urd )urder er and and 1 (oun (ountt o" "ru$trated )urder Rulng Supre)e Court: '+r)ed &t# )od(aton$
-a(t$ o" t#e Ca$e: (According to the victims) •
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'prl 5, 2001, t#e drug en"or(e)ent unt o" .a .o)a Pol(e Staton re(e re(e%ed %ed a re/ue re/ue$t $t "or a$$$t a$$$tan( an(e e "ro) "ro) t#e $$te $$terr o" a((u$ a((u$ed ed lan lan regardng a drug deal aout to tae pla(e n t#er #ou$e3 *#e $taton (o))ander delegated ta$$ to nterrogate nterrogate t#e $$ter o" lan and to pro(eed to t#e #ou$e n Cala%te Street3 't around 4:00p), t#e pol(e &ent to t#e #ou$e and de(lared t#er pre$en(e3 n t#e #ou$e &ere t#e a((u$ed enry lan, Ja()an C#ua and Re$ttuto Carandang3 pon #earng t#e pol(e arr%al, lan $#ut t#e door3 P82 'lono and SP82 Red pu$#ed t#e door open3 Suddenly gun$#ot$ &ere red y Carandang &#(# #t 'lono and Red3 SP81 onte(la%o &a$ le&$e #t ut &a$ only nured3 C#ua uttered to lan “Sugurin mo na!”. Ren"or(e)ent$ Ren"or(e)ent$ (a)e at 4:;0 p)3 Negotaton$ en$ued3 lan &a$ $ent to t#e #o$ptal toget#er &t# onte(la%o3 C#ua and Carandang re)aned n t#e #ou$e and de)anded (ertan per$on$ to )eet &t#3
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' para+n te$t &a$ (ondu(ted &#(# yelded negat%e on C#ua &#le po$t%e "or Carandang3
(According to the accused) Carandang (la)$ t#at #e #ad no rear)3 e &a$ only n t#e #ou$e o" lan to tal aout #$ (ellp#one<$ S (ard3 Su((e$$%e gun$#ot$ erupted &#le t#ey re)aned #dden under t#e ed3 •
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$$ue: =#et#er or not t#ere &a$ (on$pra(y a)ong t#e appellant$ n t#e pre$ent (a$e Rulng: *#e Supre)e Court a+r)ed t#e de($on o" t#e Court o" 'ppeal$ &t# )od(aton3 *#e appellant$ alleged t#at t#ere $ la( o" dre(t e%den(e $#o&ng t#at t#ey (on$pred &t# Carandang durng t#e latter<$ a(t o" $#ootng t#e pol(e)en3 o&e%er Conspiracy exists when two or more persons come to an agreement concerning the commission of a felony and decide to commit it. Evidence need not establish the actual agreement among the conspirators showing a preconceived plan or motive for the commission of the crime. Proof of concerted action before, during and after the crime, which demonstrates their unity of design and objective, is sucient. When conspiracy is established, the act of one is the act of all regardless of the degree of participation of each. ,
*#e a(t o" (lo$ng t#e door y lan ga%e Carandang a)ple t)e to )o%e nto a )ore $trateg( po$ton "or gunre3 C#ua le&$e urged lan to atta( onte(la%o3 *#e (r(u)$tantal e%den(e $upport t#e unty o" purpo$e o" t#e )nd$ o" t#e t#ree3 'ppellant$ "urt#er alleged t#at t#e n(dent o((urred $o rapdly t#at (on$pra(y $ )po$$le to (o))t3 o&e%er, t#$ Court ruled t#at t#ere $ no re/ure)ent "or (on$pra(y to e>$t t#at t#ere e $u+(ent perod o" t)e to elap$e3 Conspiracy arises on the very moment the plotters agree to commit the felony.
*tle: People %$ Ca$tllo GR No: 1;2?95 Date: ar(# 10, 2004
Plant!: People o" t#e P#lppne$ De"endant: @laet# Ca$tllo and @%angelne Paday#ag Petton "or: 'uto)at( Re%e& '((u$ed o": Aualed Bdnappng and Serou$ llegal detenton Rulng o" t#e *ral Court: Gulty o" Aualed Bdnappng and Serou$ llegal Detenton Rulng o" t#e Court o" 'ppeal$: not led Rulng o" t#e Supre)e Court:
-a(t$ o" t#e Ca$e: (According to the victims) •
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8n ar(# 1, 1995, Ro$$ana ara t#e yaya o" .u$ Cerero V aa Ro(y, &a$ n"or)ed y -erne anot#er )ad o" t#e #ou$e#old, t#at $o)eone el$e &ould "et(# Ro(y3 ' tr(y(le arr%ed &t# @%angelne Paday#ag &#o "et(#ed Ro(y3 *#ey &ent to (Donald<$ &ere t#ey )et @laet# Ca$tllo3 *#e t#ree o" t#e) t#en &ent to t#e #ou$e o" )elda, $$ter o" @laet#3 'out 5:;0 p), t#e "at#er o" Ro(y reported to t#e pol(e t#at #$ $on &a$ )$$ng3 'out 7:;0 p), t#e "at#er re(e%ed a p#one (all "ro) t#e dnapper &antng ran$o) a)ountng to 1 )llon3
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r$3 Cerero &t#dra&ed ?00,000300 "ro) t#e an &#(# ga%e t#e) t#e $eral nu)er$ o" t#e $ad )oney3 *#e dnapper (alled agan $tatng t#e addre$$ &#ere t#e "at#er &ould lea%e t#e )oney3 t &a$ n a (#ur(# n Pa(o, 8ando, ula(an3 aor Ronne @leaar o" t#e ntellgen(e Se(urty GroupSGE &t# #$ o+(er$, &at(#ed t#e %(nty o" t#e )oney drop o! area3 '"ter 40 )nute$, 2 &o)en arr%ed and too t#e )oney ag3 ar(# 5, 1995, Ro(y &a$ returned to #$ "at#er3 '(/urng t#e addre$$e$ o" t#e a((u$ed n t#e @)ploy)ent 'gen(y, t#e SG &ent to Na%ota$ to lo(ate Paday#ag3 Paday#ag &ent &llngly &t# t#e SG3 No )oney &a$ "ound &t# #er3 'not#er SG tea) &a$ d$pat(#ed to Dpolog &ere @laet# Ca$tllo &a$ lo(ated3 *#e SG "ound t#e la( ag (ontanng 277,000300 &t# t#e $a)e $eral nu)er$3
(According to the accused) @laet# Ca$tllo, &a$ a "or)er #ou$e #elper at t#e Cerero #ou$e#old &#o dd not pay #er )ont#ly &age$3 Ca$tllo (alled Paday#ag, $ayng t#at Paday#ag<$ oy"rend $ $(3 *#e t&o dd not go to t#e oy"rend<$ #ou$e ut &ent n$tead to a playground3 Ca$tllo n$tru(ted Paday#ag to "et(# Ro(y3 pon return, t#ey &ent to )elda<$ #ou$e3 Ca$tllo ad)tted to )elda t#at $#e &anted to $ee Ro(y ut $#e #ad no per)$$on3 Ca$tllo &a$ &t# Ro(y "or "our day$3 Ca$tllo &a$ t#en $ear(#ng "or a ne& e)ploy)ent around 8ando3 *#e $a)e t)e t#e )oney &a$ to e le"t n a (#ur(# t#ere3 Paday#ag and Ca$tllo alleged t#at $#e &a$ (oer(ed nto (on"e$$ng t#e (r)e, t#e rea$on &#y t#ey pleaded gulty t#e r$t t)e3 *#ey later on retra(ted t#e gulty plea3 •
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$$ue: =#et#er or not t#ere &a$ (on$pra(y to e>tort ran$o) Rulng: *#e Supre)e Court a+r)ed t#e udge)ent on Ca$tllo ut a(/utted Paday#ag3 Ca$tllo #er$el" ad)tted to t#e "a(t t#at Ro(y &a$ &t# #er "or ng#t$ and t#at $#e "ound t#e )oney ag n t#e (#ur(# n 8ando3 er (la)$ t#at $#e only &anted to %$t Ro(y and t#at no #ar) &a$ done to #) do not a$ol%e #er o" t#e (r)e o" dnappng3 Ca$tllo<$ alleged (oer(ed (on"e$$on &a$ $tll t#e $a)e &t# #er te$t)ony n (ourt3 -or Paday#ag, #er only part(paton n t#$ e%ent &a$ "et(#ng Ro(y "ro) #$ #ou$e3 No )oney &a$ "ound &t# #er3 *o e pro%en gulty a$ a (oF
prn(pal y (on$pra(y , there must be a sucient and unbroen chain of events that directly and de!nitely lins the accused to the commission of the crime without any space for baseless suppositions or fren"ied theories to !lter through. Conspiracy is established by the presence of two factors# $%& singularity of intent' and $(& unity in execution of an unlawful objective. )he two must concur. Performance of an act that contributes to the goal of another is not enough. )he act must be motivated by the same unlawful intent. *either joint nor simultaneous action is per se sucient indicium of conspiracy, unless proved to have been motivated by a common design. *o n/ure a$ to t#e lalty o" an nd%dual a$ a (on$prator, #er a(t$ e"ore, durng and a"ter t#e (r)e )u$t e looed nto3 Paday#ag ne%er %$ted Ro(y and @laet# a"ter t#ey &ere $tuated n )elda<$ #ou$e3 S#e &a$ not pre$ent &#en @laet# too t#e )oney3 S#e le&$e re"u$ed to go to Dpolog &t# @laet#3 *#e a(t o" "et(#ng Ro(y doe$ not (on$ttute an o!en$e or e%en an a((o)pl(e to t#e (r)e3 S#e dd not no& t#e ntent o" @laet# to dnap Ro(y3
