ÍNDICE ÍNDICE..................................... ......................................................... ....................................... ....................................... .................................... ................ ..... 1 INTRODUCCION..................................... ......................................................... ........................................ ................................. ............. ............. 2 OBJETIVOS GENERALES........................................ ........................................................... .................................................. ............................... 3 OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS...................................... ......................................................... .................................................. ............................... 3 ESTAMPADORA....................................... .......................................................... ....................................... ........................................... ....................... ... 4 PRENSA PERFILADORA....................................... ........................................................... ..................................................... ................................. 8 TALADRADORA Y ESCARIADORA..................................... ......................................................... ....................................... ................... 12 UNIDAD DE SUJECIÓN Y LIJADO .............................................................................17 TALADRADORA..................................... ......................................................... .......................................................... ...................................... ....... 22 DESPLAZADOR DE PIEZAS A UN PLANO INCLINADO...............................................28 PROCESO DE FRESADO...................................... .......................................................... ........................................ ............................... ........... 30 AVANCE AVANCE DE FLEJES FLEJES DE CHAPA CHAPA...................................... .......................................................... ......................................... ..................... 32 ENVASADORA...................................... .......................................................... ........................................ ......................................... ..................... ..... 36 SELLADORA...................................... .......................................................... ........................................ ................................................. ............................. 40 CONCLUSIÓN...................................... .......................................................... ....................................... ....................................... ............................ ........ 45
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INTRODUCCION
La neumá!"a #á$!"a % &u'a( "%m% $e )a e*&+!"a,% ane'!%'mene( &'%,u"e +a -ue'.a me,!ane +%$ a"ua,%'e$ % m%%'e$ neumá!"%$( +!nea+e$ % '%a!/%$( &e'% a,emá$ e+ 0%#! 0%#!e' e'n% n% ,e 1$%$ 1$%$ 2 +a !n' !n'%, %,u" u""! "!3n 3n ,e $e4a+ $e4a+e$ e$(( -!ne -!ne$$ ,e "a''e "a''e'a( 'a( $en$ $en$%'e %'e$$ 2 "a&a,%'e$( $e e-e"5a me,!ane /á+/u+a$ e*"+u$!/amene neumá!"a$( e$ ,e"!' e+ man,%( +a 'e0u+a"!3n 2 +a au%ma!.a"!3n $e 'ea+!.a ,e mane'a %a+mene neumá!"a6 Pue$ #!en( e$a mane'a ,e &'%"e,e' $e 'e$e'/a a "!'"u!%$ neumá!"%$ mu2 $en"!++%$ 2 a "a$%$ en 7ue( &%' "ue$!%ne$ ,e $e0u'!,a,( n% $e &ue,en a,m!!' e+emen%$ e+1"'!"%$ En +a e+e"'%neumá!"a +%$ a"ua,%'e$ $!0uen $!en,% neumá!"%$( +%$ m!$m%$ 7ue en +a neumá!"a #á$!"a( &e'% +a$ /á+/u+a$ ,e 0%#!e'n% man,a,a$ neumá!"amene $%n $u$!u!,a$ &%' e+e"'%/á+/u+a$ a"!/a,a$ "%n e+e"'%!mane$ en +u0a' ,e &!+%a,a$ "%n a!'e a!'e "%m&'! "%m&'!m!, m!,%6 %6 La$ e+e"' e+e"'%/á %/á+/u+ +/u+a$ a$ $%n "%n/e' "%n/e'!,% !,%'e$ 'e$ e+e"' e+e"'%neu %neumá má!"% !"%$$ 7ue 'an$-%'man una $e4a+ e+1"'!"a en una a"ua"!3n neumá!"a6 P%' %'a &a'e +%$ $en$%'e$( -!ne$ ,e "a''e'a 2 "a&a,%'e$ ,e !n-%'ma"!3n $%n e+emen%$ e+1"'!"%$( "%n +% 7ue +a 'e0u+a"!3n 2 +a au%ma!.a"!3n $%n( &%' an%( e+1"'!"a$ % e+e"'3n!"a$6
La$ /ena8a$ ,e +a e+e"'%neumá!"a $%#'e +a neumá!"a &u'a $%n %#/!a$ 2 $e "%n"'ean en +a "a&a"!,a, 7ue !enen +a e+e"'!"!,a, 2 +a e+e"'3n!"a &a'a em!!'( "%m#!na' "%m#!na'(( 'an$&% 'an$&%'a 'a'' 2 $e"uen" $e"uen"!a' !a' $e4a+e$ $e4a+e$(( 7ue +a$ )a"en )a"en e*'a%' e*'a%',!n ,!na'! a'!ame amene ne !,3nea$ &a'a "um&+!' a+e$ -!ne$6 Se $ue+e ,e"!' 7ue +a neumá!"a e$ +a -ue'.a 2 +a e+e"'!"!,a, +%$ ne'/!%$ ,e+ $!$ema6
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INTRODUCCION
La neumá!"a #á$!"a % &u'a( "%m% $e )a e*&+!"a,% ane'!%'mene( &'%,u"e +a -ue'.a me,!ane +%$ a"ua,%'e$ % m%%'e$ neumá!"%$( +!nea+e$ % '%a!/%$( &e'% a,emá$ e+ 0%#! 0%#!e' e'n% n% ,e 1$%$ 1$%$ 2 +a !n' !n'%, %,u" u""! "!3n 3n ,e $e4a+ $e4a+e$ e$(( -!ne -!ne$$ ,e "a''e "a''e'a( 'a( $en$ $en$%'e %'e$$ 2 "a&a,%'e$( $e e-e"5a me,!ane /á+/u+a$ e*"+u$!/amene neumá!"a$( e$ ,e"!' e+ man,%( +a 'e0u+a"!3n 2 +a au%ma!.a"!3n $e 'ea+!.a ,e mane'a %a+mene neumá!"a6 Pue$ #!en( e$a mane'a ,e &'%"e,e' $e 'e$e'/a a "!'"u!%$ neumá!"%$ mu2 $en"!++%$ 2 a "a$%$ en 7ue( &%' "ue$!%ne$ ,e $e0u'!,a,( n% $e &ue,en a,m!!' e+emen%$ e+1"'!"%$ En +a e+e"'%neumá!"a +%$ a"ua,%'e$ $!0uen $!en,% neumá!"%$( +%$ m!$m%$ 7ue en +a neumá!"a #á$!"a( &e'% +a$ /á+/u+a$ ,e 0%#!e'n% man,a,a$ neumá!"amene $%n $u$!u!,a$ &%' e+e"'%/á+/u+a$ a"!/a,a$ "%n e+e"'%!mane$ en +u0a' ,e &!+%a,a$ "%n a!'e a!'e "%m&'! "%m&'!m!, m!,%6 %6 La$ e+e"' e+e"'%/á %/á+/u+ +/u+a$ a$ $%n "%n/e' "%n/e'!,% !,%'e$ 'e$ e+e"' e+e"'%neu %neumá má!"% !"%$$ 7ue 'an$-%'man una $e4a+ e+1"'!"a en una a"ua"!3n neumá!"a6 P%' %'a &a'e +%$ $en$%'e$( -!ne$ ,e "a''e'a 2 "a&a,%'e$ ,e !n-%'ma"!3n $%n e+emen%$ e+1"'!"%$( "%n +% 7ue +a 'e0u+a"!3n 2 +a au%ma!.a"!3n $%n( &%' an%( e+1"'!"a$ % e+e"'3n!"a$6
La$ /ena8a$ ,e +a e+e"'%neumá!"a $%#'e +a neumá!"a &u'a $%n %#/!a$ 2 $e "%n"'ean en +a "a&a"!,a, 7ue !enen +a e+e"'!"!,a, 2 +a e+e"'3n!"a &a'a em!!'( "%m#!na' "%m#!na'(( 'an$&% 'an$&%'a 'a'' 2 $e"uen" $e"uen"!a' !a' $e4a+e$ $e4a+e$(( 7ue +a$ )a"en )a"en e*'a%' e*'a%',!n ,!na'! a'!ame amene ne !,3nea$ &a'a "um&+!' a+e$ -!ne$6 Se $ue+e ,e"!' 7ue +a neumá!"a e$ +a -ue'.a 2 +a e+e"'!"!,a, +%$ ne'/!%$ ,e+ $!$ema6
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OBJETIVOS GENERALES •
C%n%"e C%n%"e'' +a$ a&+!"a a&+!"a"!% "!%ne$ ne$ !n,u$ !n,u$'!a '!a+e$ +e$ ,e +a e+e"' e+e"'%neu %neuma ma!"a !"a(( u!+!. u!+!.an,% an,% ,!a0'ama$ neumá!"%$( ,e -a$e$ 2 e+1"'!"%$ &a'a ana+!.a' 2 "%m&'en,e' e+ -un"!%nam!en% ,e "a,a e+emen% 7ue +% "%m&%n0a6
OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS • • •
E$&e"!-!"a' e+ !&% ,e a&+!"a"!3n 7ue $e u!+!.a'a C%m&'en,e' +%$ ,!a0'ama$ ,e -a$e$ Sa#e' u!+!.a' +a $!m#%+%09a e !ne'&'ea'+a
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ESTAMPADORA In"+u!'( en una "a,ena $e"uen"!a+( 'e&e!"!%n ,e &a$%$ 2 a""!%nam!ne% &%' !m&u+$% $!m&+e6 La$ &!e.a$ 7ue $e'an e$am&a,a$ $%n "%+%"a,a$ manua+mene en un $!$ema ,e a+!mena"!%n: e+ "!+!n,'% A $e en"a'0a ,e "%+% "%+%"a "a'' +a &!e. &!e.a a ,e#a ,e#a8% 8% ,e +a e$a e$am& m&a, a,%' %'a6 a6 E+ "!+! "!+!n, n,'% '% B a/an a/an.a .a22 e$am&a +a &!e.a6 A "%n!nua"!%n( +%$ "!+!n,'%$ A 2 B /ue+/en a $u &%$!"!%n n%'ma+6 La e8e"u"!%n ,e "a,a un% ,e +%$ m%/!m!en%$ &a$% a &a$% me,!ane un &u+$a,%' ,e !m&u+$% $!m&+e6 A,ema$( &%$!#!+!,a, ,e 'e&e!' +%$ &a$%$ B; < B= &a'a &e'm!!' e+ 'e0+a8e ,e+ "!+!n,'% e$ama,%'6 M%/!m!en% ; ,e+ "!+!n,'% "!+!n,'% &%' !m&u+$% $!m&+e( ,e m%,% 7ue e+ m%/!m!en m%/!m!en% % > ,e+ "!+!n,'% "!+!n,'% B !ene 7ue a""!%na'$e me,!ane %'% &u+$a,%'6 Re&e!"!%n ,e +%$ &a$%$ 2 a""!%nam!en% &%' !m&u+$% $!m&+e( $%+% $! n% )a2 $e4a+ ,e ma'")a6
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PRENSA PERFILADORA In$a+a' una &a'a,a ,e eme'0en"!a $e05n +a$ "%n,!"!%ne$ e$a#+e"!,a$ 2 e8e"ua' un man,% ,e $e0u'!,a, ,e a""!%nam!en% #!manua+ "%n e+emen% em&%'!.a,%'6 Una +mam!na ,e ")a&a$ e$ "%+%"a,a manua+mene en +a ma7u!na6 Una man,% #!manua+ &%ne en -un"!%nam!en% +a &'en$a &a'a &e'-!+a' +a ")a&a6 Una /e. "%n"+u!,% e+ &'%"e$% ,e &e'-!+a"!%n( +a &!e.a e$ e*&+u$a,a6 La $e4a+ ,e a''an7ue &%' man,% ,e $e0u'!,a, #!manua+ "%n e+emen% ,e 'ea',% &%' 'een"!%n6 A+ a""!%na' e+ &u+$a,%' ,e &a'a,a ,e eme'0en"!a( +%$ ,%$ "!+!n,'%$ !enen 7ue /%+/e' !nme,!aamene a $u &%$!"!%n6
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TALADRADORA Y ESCARIADORA P'%0'ama a+e'na!/% me,!ane $a+% ,e &a$%$6 P'%0'ama ?@ +a$ &!e.a$ 7ue $%+% $e'an a+a,'a,a$( $%n "%+%"a,a$ a man%6 A""!%nan,% e+ &u+$a,%' ,e ma'")a( $e &'%"e,e a a+a,'a' +a &!e.a "!+!n,'% A6 P'%0'ama @ +a$ &!e.a$ 7ue a,ema$( !enen 7ue $e' e$"a'!a,a$( am#!en $%n "%+%"a,a$ a man%6 A "%n!nua"!%n( "%n un &u+$a,%' $e+e"'% ,e &'%0'ama$ 2 "%n e+ &u+$a,%' ,e ma'")a( $e a"!/a e+ "!+!n,'% A &a'a a+a,'a'6 Una /e. "%n"+u!,% e$e &'%"e$%( a/an.a e+ "!+!n,'% B 2 ,e$&+a.a +a &!e.a a +a e$a"!%n ,e e$"a'!a,% "!+!n,'% C6 una /e. "%n"+u!,% e+ &'%"e$% ,e e$"a'!a,%( e+ "!+!n,'% B /ue+/e a $u &%$!"!%n n%'ma+( "%n +% 7ue &ue,e e*'ae'$e +a &!e.a6 Pa'a a"!/a' e+ &'%0'ama ( e$ ne"e$a'!% &u$+a' &'!me'% e+ "%nmua,%' ,e $e+e""!3n ,e &'%0'ama$ 2 ,e$&ue$ e+ &u+$a,%' ,e ma'")a6 S! n% $e &u+$a e+ $e+e"%'( $e a"!/a au%ma!"amene e+ &'%0'ama ?6
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UNIDAD DE SUJECIÓN Y LIJADO
E8e"u"!%n ,e un man,% "%n e+e"'%/a+/u+a$ m%n%e$a#+e$ 2 e+e"'%/a+/u+a$ ,e !m&u+$%$ "a,ena $e"uen"!a+ ,e "an"e+a"!%n am&+!a,a6 L!8a,% ,e +%$ #%',e$ ,e una &!e.a &'ee+a#%'a,a6 E+ "!+!n,'% A !ene +a -un"!%n ,e $u8ea' +a &!e.a6 A "%n!nua"!%n( !ene 7ue a/an.a' 2 'e'%"e,e' +a un!,a, ,e ,e$&+a.am!en%: /e' $e"uen"!a$ $!0u!ene$ en e+ ,!a0'ama ,e &a$%$6 E+ "!+!n,'% ,e $u8e"!%n A ,e $!m&+e e-e"% 2 "%n'%+a,% &%' una e+e"'%/a+/u+a6 A/an"e &%' "!+!n,'%$ B 2 C ,e ,%#+e e-e"% "%n'%+a,%$ &%' una e+e"'%/a+/u+a ,e !m&u+$%$6 C%n'%+ ,e +a &'e$!%n ,e a&'!ee6
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TALADRADORA E8e"ua' m%/!m!en%$ m5+!&+e$ ,e un "!+!n,'% 2 "%n'%+ ,e+ ,e$0a$e ,e +a )e''am!ena me,!ane "%na,%' "%n &'e$e+e""!3n6 Una &!e.a -un,!,a ,e#e $e' &'%/!$a ,e "ua'% a+a,'%$6 La$ &!e.a$ $%n "%+%"a,a$ a man% 2 $u8ea,a$ &%' un #'a.% e*"1n'!"%6 E+ "!"+% $e !n!"!a a""!%nan,% e+ &u+$a,%' ,e ma'")a6 Un "%na,%' "%n'%+a e+ &e'!%,% ,e ,e$0a$e ,e +a )e''am!ena6 E+ "%na,%' em!e una $e4a+ a"5$!"a "uan,% +a )e''am!ena )a e-e"ua,% una "an!,a, ,ee'm!na,a ,e &e'-%'a"!%ne$6 Una /e. !ne'"am#!a,a +a )e''am!ena 'e&%$!"!3n manua+ ,e+ "%na,%'( "%n!n5a e+ "!"+%6
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DESPLAZADOR DE PIEZAS A UN PLANO INCLINADO( MEDIANTE MOVIMIENTOS COORDINADOS Y MEMORIA ELCTRICA@ SECUENCIA A;( B;( A=( B= Me,!ane un me"an!$m% ,e a/an"e $e 'e"%0en &!e.a$ ,e un "a'0a,%' &a'a ,e$&+a.a'+a$ )a"!a un &+an% !n"+!na,%6 E+ "!+!n,'% ?6 CILINDRO A 'e!'a +a$ &!e.a$ ,e+ "a'0a,%' 2 e+ "!+!n,'% 6 CILINDRO B +a$ ,e$&+a.a )a"!a e+ &+an% !n"+!na,%6 E+ /á$a0% ,e+ "!+!n,'% B ,e#e'á 'e'%"e,e' "uan,% e+ "!+!n,'% A 2a $e en"uen'e en $u &%$!"!3n n%'ma+: e+ "!"+% ,e 'a#a8% ,e#e'á em&e.a' a"uan,% $%#'e un &u+$a,%'6 La &%$!"!3n ,e +%$ /á$a0%$ e$ "%n$u+a,a me,!ane $en$%'e$ !n,u"!/%$6
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PROCESO DE FRESADO( MEDIANTE MOVIMIENTOS COORDINADOS@ SECUENCIA A;( B;( B=( A=6 Se 'aa ,e )a"e' una 'anu'a en ma'"%$ ,e ma,e'a &%' me,!% ,e una -'e$a,%'a6 E+ ma'"% ,e ma,e'a e$ $u8ea,% "%n un "!+!n,'% ?A( e+ a/an"e ,e +a me$a ,e +a -'e$a,%'a $e e-e"5a "%n una un!,a, ,e a/an"e neumá!"a=)!,'áu+!"a A6 La $e"uen"!a ,e+ &'%"e$% e$ ?A;( A;( A=( ?A=:6( a+ "%m% $e mue$'a en e+ ,!a0'ama a,8un%6
PROCESO DE FRESADO( MEDIANTE MOVIMIENTOS COORDINADOS@ SECUENCIA A;( B;( B=( A=6 Se 'aa ,e )a"e' una 'anu'a en ma'"%$ ,e ma,e'a &%' me,!% ,e una -'e$a,%'a6 E+ ma'"% ,e ma,e'a e$ $u8ea,% "%n un "!+!n,'% ?A( e+ a/an"e ,e +a me$a ,e +a -'e$a,%'a $e e-e"5a "%n una un!,a, ,e a/an"e neumá!"a=)!,'áu+!"a A6 La $e"uen"!a ,e+ &'%"e$% e$ ?A;( A;( A=( ?A=:6( a+ "%m% $e mue$'a en e+ ,!a0'ama a,8un%6
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AVANCE DE FLEJES DE CHAPA C%n%"e' e+ &'!n"!&!% ,e +a "a,ena $e"uen"!a+ ,e "an"e+a"!3n "%n $e0u'!,a, ,e "%nmua"!3n6 E+ &%$!"!%nam!en% ,e "!na ,e ")a&a #%#!na,a( en +a )e''am!ena ,e "%'e6 A""!%nam!en% ,e+ a/an"e $%+% "uan,% +a )e''am!ena $e en"uen'a en &%$!"!3n $u&e'!%' $!mu+a"!3n ,e e$a &%$!"!3n me,!ane &u+$a,%' S6 E+ "!+!n,'% A 'e"%0e +a "!na ,e ")a&a6 E+ "!+!n,'% B $e 'e!'a6 E+ "!+!n,'% A $ue+a +a "!na 2 e+ "!+!n,'% B $e ,e$&+a.a nue/amene a +a &%$!"!3n ,e+ane'a ,e -!na+ ,e "a''e'a6 E+ $!$ema ,e a/an"e &a'a "!na ,e ")a&a !ene 7ue e$a' &'e/!$% ,e un !ne''u&%' &'!n"!&a+ S6 "uan,% e+ "!+!n,'% B $e en"uen'a en &%$!"!3n ,e &'!n"!&!% ,e "a''e'a 2 e+ "!+!n,'% A )a $%+a,% +a "!na(
AVANCE DE FLEJES DE CHAPA C%n%"e' e+ &'!n"!&!% ,e +a "a,ena $e"uen"!a+ ,e "an"e+a"!3n "%n $e0u'!,a, ,e "%nmua"!3n6 E+ &%$!"!%nam!en% ,e "!na ,e ")a&a #%#!na,a( en +a )e''am!ena ,e "%'e6 A""!%nam!en% ,e+ a/an"e $%+% "uan,% +a )e''am!ena $e en"uen'a en &%$!"!3n $u&e'!%' $!mu+a"!3n ,e e$a &%$!"!3n me,!ane &u+$a,%' S6 E+ "!+!n,'% A 'e"%0e +a "!na ,e ")a&a6 E+ "!+!n,'% B $e 'e!'a6 E+ "!+!n,'% A $ue+a +a "!na 2 e+ "!+!n,'% B $e ,e$&+a.a nue/amene a +a &%$!"!3n ,e+ane'a ,e -!na+ ,e "a''e'a6 E+ $!$ema ,e a/an"e &a'a "!na ,e ")a&a !ene 7ue e$a' &'e/!$% ,e un !ne''u&%' &'!n"!&a+ S6 "uan,% e+ "!+!n,'% B $e en"uen'a en &%$!"!3n ,e &'!n"!&!% ,e "a''e'a 2 e+ "!+!n,'% A )a $%+a,% +a "!na( ,e#e'á 'an$m!!'$e una $e4a+ % !n,!"a"!3n +um!n%$a( !n,!"an,% 7ue +a &'en$a &ue,e &'%"e,e' a+ "%'e ,e +a $!0u!ene &!e.a6
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ENVASADORA Una me$a ,e 0!'% em&%'!.a,% e$ a+!mena,a "%n -'a$"%$ &%' una "!na ,e 'an$&%'e6 E+ "!+!n,'% A $%+% &e'm!e e+ &a$% "uan,% un -'a$"% ++e0a a +a &%$!"!3n ? $%#'e +a "!na 'an$&%'a,%'a 2 $! e$a a"!/a,a +a $e4a+ ,e ma'")a "!"+% "%n!nu% $!m&+e6 Cuan,% e+ -'a$"% e$ 'e0!$'a,% en +a &%$!"!3n ( +a me$a a/an.a una &%$!"!3n6 Cuan,% un -'a$"% ++e0a a +a e$a"!3n ,e ++ena,% &%$!"!3n ( e+ "!+!n,'% C a#'e e+ an7ue ,u'ane a&'%*!ma,amene $e0un,%$ 2 +% /ue+/e a "e''a'6 S! e+ $en$%' ,e +a e$a"!3n ,e ++ena,% &%$!"!3n n% 'e0!$'a un -'a$"%( e+ e7u!&% ,e#e'á $e' 0!'a,% manua+mene )a$a 7ue un -'a$"% ++e0ue a +a e$a"!3n ,e ++ena,%6 E+ 'e0!$'% ,e +%$ -'a$"%$ $e $!mu+a 'e$&e"!/amene "%n un "%nmua,%'6
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SELLADORA E8e"ua' un man,% $e"uen"!a+ en -un"!3n ,e+ 'a2e"% "%n "a,ena $e"uen"!a+ ,e "an"e+a"!3n6 E+ "!+!n,'% A !ene +a -un"!3n ,e 'e"%0e' +a$ &!e.a$ ,e+ "a'0a,%' 2 ,e $u8ea'+a$6 S%+% en%n"e$ a/an.a e+ "!+!n,'% B &a'a e+ $e++a,% 2 /ue+/e a $u &%$!"!3n n%'ma+6 A "%n!nua"!3n( e+ "!+!n,'% A $ue+a +a &!e.a 2 /ue+/e a $u &%$!"!3n n%'ma+6 En%n"e$( e+ "!+!n,'% C a/an.a &a'a e*&u+$a' +a &!e.a( 2 /ue+/e a $u &%$!"!3n n%'ma+6
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