1- 50 surgery.docx

1. Which of the following is the BEST indication of adequacy of perfusion by a heart valve machine? . !enous o"ygen saturation B. rterial o"ygen saturation #. rterial $co% &. 'rine output %. What is the normal pressure in the left atrium? . ()* mm+g B. ,)1( mm+g #. 11)1* mm+g &. 1,)%( mm+g -. Which of the following will BEST evaluate left atrial dilatation with mitral stenosis? . eft lateral oblique view on #/0 B. Echocardiography #. $osteroanterior view on #/0 &. Electrocardiogram . Which of the following will 23T produce a forceful 4 bounding pulse? . $atent ductus arteriosus B. +yperthyroidism #. ortic stenosis &. ortic insu5ciency *. The pulse is small in all of the following6 E/#E$T7 . 8itral stenosis B. 8yocardial dilatation #. $ericardial e9usion &. Syphilis ,. Which of the following is the 83ST common complication of patent ductus arteriosus? . +eart failure B. $ulmonary hypertension #. $ulmonary incompetence &. Bacterial endocarditis :. Which of the following is a characteri characteristic stic feature of patent ductus arteriosus? . #ontinuous murmur at the %nd left intercostal space B. $ansystolic murmur along the left sternal border #. $rominent pulmonary conus on #/0 &. Streptococcus viridans endocarditis ;. What is the 8<2 indication for surgery in pulmonary stenosis? . !alve gradient =*( mm+g B. 0ight ventricular pressure =:* mm+g #. 0ight ventricular hypertrophy on E#> &. !alve diameter 1 cm

@. Which of the following refers to a low atrial septal defect associated with a cleft in the anterior leaAet of the mitral valve? . 3stium primum defect B. Sinus venosus defect #. $atent foramen ovale &. Secundum defect 1(. What is the 83ST common type of ventricular septal defect? . eft ventricular)right atrial defect B. 8embranous septal defect #. $osterior septal defect &. ow muscular defect 11.  1)year old child is found to have posterior membranous !S&. The pulmonary resistance is ( that of the systemic. The ne"t BEST thing to do is to7 . 3bserve the child since !S&s close spontaneously B. 0epair immediately as an emergency #. 0epair electively at age 1( &. 0epair electively before ages ), years 1%. What is the 8C30 determinant of operability in ventricular septal defect? . ge of patient B. $ulmonary vascular resistance #. SiDe of !S& &. $ulmonary artery pressure 1-. Which of the following will BEST distinguish the murmur associated with tricuspid valve disease from that of mitral valve disease? . Time relationship to that of the carotid pulse B. E"ercise #. E"amination of the ugular pulse &. 0esponse to deep inspiration 1. Which of the following will 23T characteriDe Tetralogy of Fallot? . &e"troposition of the aorta B. 0ight ventricular hypertrophy #. $ulmonary stenosis &.
1,. What is the operative mortality for elective coronary artery bypass surgery? . % B. %)- #. ): &. ;)1( 1:. Which of the following is 23T an indication for coronary bypass surgery? . 'nstable angina unresponsive to medical management B. ngina related to isolated left main coronary artery disease #. 0ecurrent angina after myocardial infarction &. #+F with pulmonary hypertension 1;. Which of the following is the BEST predictor for increased operative risH for coronary artery surgery? . &egree of coronary artery obstruction B. +istory of myocardial infarction #. Eection fraction &. ge of patient 1@. The postpericardiectomy syndrome is characteriDed by7 . Sustained fever B. $resence of pericardial rub #. 0esponse to corticosteroids &. ll of the above %(. Which of the following statements is T0'E regarding cardiac tumors? . 8y"oma is the most common primary tumor B. 8etastasis to the heart is e"tremely rare #. E"cision of a my"oma is performed without a bypass procedure &. Sarcomas constitute 1 of cardiac tumors %1.  pulmonary embolus is 83ST liHely to develop after a thrombus in the7 . ong saphenous vein B. $opliteal veins #. Femoral veins &.
%. Which of the following is associated with a dissecting aortic aneurysm? . $aralysis of the lower e"tremity B. #erebrovascular stroHe #. ortic insu5ciency &. ll of the above %*. Which of the following is 23T associated with a dissecting aortic aneurysm? . $regnancy B. #ystic medial necrosis #. #alciGc medial necrosis &. 8arfanIs syndrome %,. 3ptimal control of hypertension in type)<<< dissecting aortic aneurysm is achieved by7 . Trimethaphan J Furosemide B. 2itroprusside J $ropranolol #. 2itroglycerin J Furosemide &. $ropranolol J Furosemide J 8ethyldopa %;. Which of the following statements is T0'E regarding varicose veins? . re treated by ligation of large tributaries alone B. Should be e"cised if the deep system is occluded #.
--. Which of the following statements is T0'E regarding thromboangiitis obliterans KBurgerIs diseaseL?

. 3ccurs mainly in elderly males B.
-:. Which of the following is the procedure of choice for renovascular hypertension secondary to Gbromuscular dysplasia of the right renal artery? . ortorenal saphenous vein bypass B. $atch angioplasty of the renal artery #. $ercutaneous transluminal angioplasty &. Transaortic renal endarterectomy -;. Which of the following statements is T0'E regarding renovascular hypertension? . Systolic pressure alone is elevated B. 0emoval of a small Hidney results in normal pressure in most cases #. The cause is usually atherosclerosis &. The renin)angiotensin mechanism is suppressed -@. Which of the following statements is T0'E regarding splenic artery aneurysms? . 0equire splenectomy for optimal treatment B. re more common in males than in females #. re caused in most cases by atherosclerosis &. 8ay rupture during pregnancy

(. Which of the following statements is T0'E regarding an asymptomatic carotid bruit? .
B. 0epresents an increased risH for coronary artery disease #. iant cell arteritis in the elderly is associated with all of the following6 E/#E$T7 . StroHe B. SeiDures #. Blindness &. Elevated ES0 %.  ,-)year old male has had a cyanotic painful left th toe for % days. The peripheral arteries on both sides are patent. There is no previous history of cardiac or vascular disease.  The 83ST liHely diagnosis is7 . &igital embolus B. &igital atherosclerosis #. 0aynaudIs syndrome &. theroembolism -. Which of the following is a sign of satisfactory arterial Aow? . Bradycardia on compressing the femoral artery B.
:. ll following conditions could require insertion of a catheter into the superior vena cava6 E/#E$T7

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