Energy Saving Opportunities for Transformers
Aasit M. Naik Voltamp Energy SAOG, Oman West Asia Copper Forum Grand Hyatt ‐ Dubai May 5, 2010 May 5,2010
1 KW Energy saved = 2 KW of Energy of Energy Generated
May 5,2010
Content • • • • • • •
Oman Overview Electricity in Oman Energy Demand / Projects Need for Energy Efficiency T & D Losses Advantages of Energy Efficiency What’s the catch?
May 5,2010
Oman Overview • • • • • •
Area
:
309,550 sqkm.
Population
:
2,845,000 [2009e]
GDP (PPP)
:
$ 74.431 Bn [2009e]
Per Capita
:
25,109 USD
GDP (Nominal):
$ 53.395 Bn
Installed capacity : 4,360 KW [2009]
May 5,2010
Oman Installed Capacity KW
May 5,2010
Oman Electricity Scenario ‐ MW Description
2009
2010p
2011p
2012p
2013p
Installed Capacity
4,360
4,412
5,291
5,770
6,179
Gross Generation
3,523
3,474
4,134
4,586
4,960
166
166
174
178
200
Net Generation
3,357
3,308
3,959
4,407
4,760
External Infeed
40
501
464
468
546
3,325
3,719
4,326
4,801
5,223
72.5
90.4
97.1
74.2
83.1
2.1
2.4
2.2
1.5
1.6
‐‐‐
12
16
11
9
Desalination and Auxiliary Load
Load Grid Losses Grid Losses (%) Load Growth Rate (%) May 5,2010
Transformer Tender requirements planned by OTEC & Utilities (MVA) Description
2010
2011
2012
220 kV Transformers
‐
576
500
132 kV Transformers
1,846
2,516
3,626
33 kV Transformers
810
515
900
11 kV Transformers
1,786
1,875
1,969
TOTAL MVA
4,442
5,482
6,995
May 5,2010
Why Transformer Efficiency? • Losses occur at all stages from Generation to Transmission to Distribution • Savings potential exists for Oman • Technology exists – using better grades of CRGO & optimization of Designs • Oil economies have potential for spending for better efficiency. Capacity to spend would decline with the drying up of Oil. May 5,2010
Transformer efficiency Sl. No.
Rating
Efficiency @ 0.8 PF @ 0.75 load
1
100 kVA, 11/0.433 kV
97.68%
2
200 kVA, 11/0.433 kV
98.21%
3
315 kVA, 11/0.433 kV
98.61%
4
500 kVA, 11/0.433 kV
98.84%
5
1000 kVA, 11/0.433 kV
99.01%
6
1600 kVA, 11/0.433 kV
99.02%
7
2000 kVA, 11/0.433 kV
98.88%
8
3 MVA, 33/11.5 kV
99.13%
9
6 MVA, 33/11.5 kV
99.29%
10
10 MVA, 33/11.5 kV
98.32%
11
20 MVA, 33/11.5 kV
99.31%
11
125 MVA, 132/33 kV
99.59%
May 5,2010
Losses in distribution transformers • •
No load loss, or iron loss (NL) Load loss, or copper loss (LL) – DC loss – Extra losses • eddy current loss in windings • stray loss
• Other losses (ventilation, …)
May 5,2010
Losses in distribution transformers Extra loss Load loss
Extra loss due to harmonics
Resisitive loss Conventional load loss excl harmonics
No load loss
Unloaded
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Rated load
Actual load Actual load (excl harmonics) (incl harmonics)
Evolution of CRGO material
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Savings Due To Lower Losses Transformer Rating:
1000 KVA Eff at 75% Load & 0.8 pf
99.30%
98.84%
Low Loss Transformers
Standard Transformer
No Load Loss (NLL) in Watts
1200
1500
Load Loss (LL) in Watts
6000
8000
Loss Load Factor (LLF)
0.75
Number of days transformer operating
365
NLL Saved
LL Saved
Watts
Watts
300
2000 Energy saved in KWH Cost of Energy Total Annual Saving For 30 years
May 5,2010
Annual savings in KWH Due to NLL with LLF*
Total kWH
Due to LL with LLF*
2,628
13,140
15,768
15,768 kWh 0.02 RO
315
RO
9,461 RO
($
24,586)
Extreme cases High loss Design
May 5,2010
Low loss Design
Conductor materials • Cu and Al transformers can be built to comply to the same performance and quality standard • In general, use of Cu leads to: – heavier, but more compact windings – a smaller core – a smaller, more compact transformer – a lower noise level – less oil‐content May 5,2010
Advantages • • • • • • • • •
Save energy Better Short circuit withstand (bigger mass) Save emissions Noise Reduced heating Improved lifetime Reliability More robust against harmonics Pay back in approx. 6 years for incremental cost
May 5,2010
What’s the catch? • Increased capital outlay – Transformer procurement costs will go up by 50% • Commercial policy of suppliers – Premium on better grades of material • Faster availability of better/higher grades of CRGO • Small amounts – The Capitalization rates already high. dx improvement still possible. May 5,2010
Energy & emission savings potentials related to transformers & standby power
Region
Energy savings TWh / yr 22
CO2 Savings Million tonne / yr 9
C&EE
5
5
US
45
34
China
47
52
Japan
24
Total
143
EU
May 5,2010
Source THERMIE ECI
IIEC Toprunner
100
Present Energy Efficiency Standards Presently Oman buys Transformers as per IEC/ OES /DEP Specifications Efficiency Levels : around 98 % Average Efficiency levels in Developed Countries
: 99.3 ‐ 99.7%
Assuming Oman can improve by even 0.5% Energy saved will be : 0.5% of the connected load Assuming an MVA of (ref slide 8) and a load factor of 75% This will mean : Saving of 70,956,000 KWH Saved in OMR
May 5,2010
: 42,573,600 at present tariff
Agencies That Govern DCRP – for Distribution Cos. (Majan/Mazoon/ MEDC/RAECo/DPC OETC – For Generation & Transmission Sector for Voltages above 33 kV PDO – Follow DEP Specifications Consultants – EnergoProjects, Parsons, Mott MacDonalds, Atkin, etc Occidental of Oman – Generally follow PDO/DEP Specifications May 5,2010
What will be Required Introduce Low Loss concept – Both for No Load Loss as well as Load Loss to achieve maximum efficiency to the tune of 99.5 to 99.7% No load Loss can be brought down further by using new laser scribed materials introduced by the Mills which promise 10‐15%% lower W/kg at marginal increase in cost Reduce Load losses in the specifications, additional price owing to extra Copper would be easily offset through energy savings.
May 5,2010
Proposed ICA Initiative •
Introduce Energy Efficiency concept to the Regulators and Consultants through initiatives based on global experiences and best practices
•
A well coordinated program can be designed to finally cause a change in Technical Specifications
•
Voltamp would actively support ICA initiatives for a collaborative dialogue with the Regulators and Consultants
A business Case can be jointly developed by • Voltamp & ICA; which ICA can then present to regulators on a neutral platform May 5,2010
About the Speaker Aasit M. Naik Asst. General Manager – Marketing & Sales
Voltamp Energy SAOG Aasit heads the Marketing & Sales for the Voltamp Group across MENA region, responsible for Transformer & Switchgear Pants for Rusayl Plants and the new Sohar Power Plant. Aasit joined Voltamp Transformers Oman LLC in 2004, after a long career of 20 years in the Transformers and Switchgear Industry in India at reputed manufacturers like Crompton Greaves, EMCO, GEC (now AREVA) and Voltamp‐India. Aasit has Bachelor’s Degree in Electrical Engineering and Post Graduate Diploma in Marketing Management and also a certified SAP ‐ SD Consultant Contact Details: Tel: +968 244472 E203 Fax: +968 244471 Mob: +968 99337423 Email:
[email protected]
May 5,2010
Thank you
May 5,2010
