0 Engineering Programming using MATLAB.pdf

Engineering Programming and Computation using

MATLAB

Cheng-Liang Chen

PSE

LABORATORY

Department of Chemical Engineering National TAIWAN University

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Engineering Programming and Computation using

MATLAB

Teach eacher: er: Chen Cheng-Li g-Liang ang Chen

[email protected] Assist Ass istant ant:: Ch Chih ih-Y -Yao ao Lin

[email protected]

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Textbook and Reference William J. Palm III Introduction to MATLAB 7 for Engineers

Michael B. Cutlip and Mordechai Shacham Problem Solving in Chemical and Biochemical Engineering . . .

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Table of Contents 

MATLAB and Problem Solving



Array and Matrix Operations



Files, Functions, and Data Structures



Programming with MATLAB



Plotting and Model Building



Linear Algebraic Equations



Probability, Statistics, and Interpolation



Numerical Calculus, Differential Equations, and Simulink



Symbolic Processing with MATLAB



Problem Solving in Chemical Engineering: Basic Principles and Calculations; Thermodynamics; Reaction Engineering; Phase Equilibrium and Distillation; (Fluid Mechanics; Heat Transfer;

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Some Notes 

Teaching and designated exercise during class: Wednesday 1 : 20 Thursday 1 : 20 1 : 20



∼ ∼ ∼

3 : 10 2 : 10 3 : 10

(option 1: each week) (option 2: every 2 weeks)

One or two student(s) per group 

Prepare one document file for each exercise designated during class:

B95524063 EX01 doc 1 .    −    − 



reg. #

ex #

version

doc file

Document file should include title of this exercise, name(s) and registered number(s), simple problem statement and main results , M-file , figure(s), table(s), . . .  E-mail your document file immediately to teaching assistant (Lin, [email protected] ) before you leave computer room  You can modify your report and e-mail it again to teaching assistant after the class (use another file name: B95524063 -EX01 -  2 .doc ) new ver



Examinations: 2 mid-terms and 1 final

(25% + 25% + 25% )

Designated exercises and Performance during class:

(25%)

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Learning Objectives in Engineering Programming 



We are not going to train you as a programmer or software engineer Main learning objectives in this course: To use computational tool(s) for solving engineering problems effectively

Understand and analyze the problem  Model formulation  Solution method (analytical or numerical ?)  Computer program for solving the problem 



Which programming language ? FORTRAN ? C++ ? . . .

No Magic, only BASIC

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Milestones in Computer Science BC 3000

Abacus

China

1642

Blaise Pascal

Pascaline

(Frence, mathematician) a machine for addition

1801

Joseph-Marie Jacquard

Jacquard loom

use punched cards to control a machine

1822

Charles Babbage

Difference engine

simple computations

1889

Herman Hollerith

A “machine”

using punched cards for US population statistics (7.5 → 2.5 years)

1896

Herman Hollerith

Tabulating Machine Company

International

1937

Alan Turing

Turing Machine

(England) A prototype machine for digital computation

1938

William Hewlett, David Packard

HewlettPackard Company

(Stanford, Palo Alto)

Business

Machines

Corporation (1924/2/14)

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Milestones in Computer Science 1939

John V. Atanasoff, Clifford Berry

AtanasoffBerry Computer

Iowa State Univ. The 1st electronic

1944 Havard Univ. (+ IBM)

Mark 1

A machine for automatic computation (8 × 51 ft2)

1945

John Neumann

von

Stored program

Basic concept for modern computer hardware

1946

John W. Mauchly, J. Presper Eckert Jr

ENIAC

Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer. The first vacuum tube

1952

Grace Murray Hopper

A-0

The first compiler

1957

John Backus

FORTRAN

FORmula TRANslation language. (IBM) The first high level computer

computer. Electrical signals for information codes

computer (30 tons, 30 × 50 ft2). University of Pennsylvania.

language. Emphasize scientific programming

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Honeywell

Honeywell

The first transistor-based computer

400 John McCarthy

LISP

(Carnegie-Mellon) A language for symbolic computation

1963

USA Standard Bureau

ASCII

American Standard Code Information Interchange

1964

IBM

IBM 360

The first integrated circuit computer

Douglas Engelbard

mouse

1965

for

MIT, Bell, GE Multics

Operating System 1968 1970

Noyce, Moore

Grove,

Dennis Ritchie, Kenneth Thompson

Intel

Company Unix OS

Central Processing Units: 4004, 8008, . . . Pentium . . .

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Niklaus Wirth Ray Tomlinson

email

Intel

Intel 4004

Microprocessor, CPU

1972

Dennis Ritchie

C language

(from B)

1975

?

Altair 8800

The first personal computer

1976

Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak

Apple 1

1977

Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak

Apple 2

Bill Gates, Paul Allen

Microsoft

Intel

Intel 8086,

1978

Pascal

Integrated

Apple Company

(16 bits)

8088 1981

IBM

IBM PC

(→ IBM compatible PCs)

Circuit

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Intel 80286

Intel

1984 Sony, Philips CD-ROM IBM PC AT IBM 1985 Microsoft

Window 1.0

1986

Intel

Intel 80386

1989

Intel

Intel 80486

Tim Berners-Lee

World Web

1991

Wide

Linus Torvalds Linux

1993 Apple

Intel Microsoft

Personal Digital Assistant Pentium 66 MHz

(16 bits) Use Intel 80286 (32 bits) (announced in 1990) Linus + Unix (Finland)

60,

Windows NT

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1995

? Young David Filo

Netscape and

Yet Anothher Hierarchical Officious Oracle !

YAHOO!

James Gosling JAVA Windows 95 Microsoft

Java Coffee ?! (Sun) with Internet Explorer 1.0

1997 Intel

Pentium II

1998 Microsoft Larry Page, Sergey Brin

Windows 98

1999 Intel

Pentium Celeron

2000 Microsoft

Windows 2000 (from NT) Pentium 4

98 → Windows Me (Millennium edition)

2001 Microsoft

Windows XP

(eXPerience, from Windows 95, NT)

2003 Intel

Pentium M

(Intel Centrino)

Intel

(Stanford)

Google

III,

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Progress of Programming Languages Progress of Programming Languages 1955

(Machine Language)

(Assembly Language)

1960 1965 1970 r 1975 a e Y

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

01011010

ADD

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(Machine Language)

FORTRAN

1960 1965 1970

DO 7, LOOP = 1,5 READ *, X, Y

r 1975 a e Y

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

AVE=(X+Y)/2.0 PRINT *, X,Y,AVE 7 CONTINUE END

(Assembly Language)

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Progress of Programming Languages Progress of Programming Languages 1955 1960

(Machine Language)

FORTRAN COBOL

1965 1970

01 EMPLOYEE−RECORD 05 EMPLOYEE−NUMBER PIC 9(5)

r 1975 a e Y

1980

05 EMPLOYEE−NAME 05 BIRTH−DATE 10 BIRTH−MONTH 10 FILLER 10 BIRTH−DAY

1985

1995 2000

PIC 99

PIC X PIC 99

05 DATE−HIRED 10 MONTH−HIRED 10 FILLER

1990

PIC X(30)

10 DAY−HIRED

PIC 99

PIC X PIC 99

(Assembly Language)

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(Machine Language) LISP

FORTRAN

(Assembly Language)

COBOL

1960 1965 1970

(defun length (x) PROLOG

r 1975 a e Y

(t(+1 (length (cdr x)))))) SCHEME

1990 1995 2000

(length ’(I Love Computers)’) 3

1980 1985

(cond ((null x) 0)

COMMON LISP

CLOS

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(Machine Language)

LISP

FORTRAN

(Assembly Language)

COBOL

1960

BASIC

1965 1970 PROLOG

r 1975 a e Y

SCHEME

Dim i, sum sum = 0 For i = 1 to 10

1980

sum = sum + 1 Next i

1985 1990

COMMON LISP

CLOS VISUAL

1995 2000

BASIC

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FORTRAN

(Assembly Language)

COBOL

1960

ALGOL60

BASIC

1965 1970

PASCAL

PROLOG

r 1975 a e Y

SCHEME

1980 1985

MODULA−2 COMMON LISP

if (i > 0) then x := 10 else

1990

CLOS

MODULA−3

y := 5 VISUAL

1995 2000

BASIC

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FORTRAN

(Assembly Language)

COBOL

1960

ALGOL60 CPL

BASIC

1965 1970 r 1975 a e Y

PASCAL

C

PROLOG SCHEME

1980 1985

MODULA−2 COMMON LISP

if (i > 0) x = 10; else

1990

CLOS

MODULA−3

y = 5; VISUAL

1995 2000

BASIC

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(Machine Language)

LISP

FORTRAN

(Assembly Language)

COBOL

1960

ALGOL60 CPL

BASIC

1965 SIMULA

1970 PROLOG

r 1975 a e Y

SCHEME SMALLTALK

1980 1985 1990

PASCAL

C

COMMON LISP

MODULA−2

C++

MODULA−3 CLOS VISUAL

1995

C++

Standard

2000

BASIC

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(Machine Language)

LISP

FORTRAN

(Assembly Language)

COBOL

1960

ALGOL60 CPL

BASIC

1965 SIMULA

1970 r 1975 a e Y

SCHEME SMALLTALK

1980 1985 1990

PASCAL

C

PROLOG

ADA

C++

COMMON LISP


1995 2000

MODULA−2

JAVA

C++

Standard

BASIC

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(Machine Language)

LISP

FORTRAN

(Assembly Language)

COBOL

1960

ALGOL60 CPL

BASIC

1965 SIMULA

1970 r 1975 a e Y

SCHEME SMALLTALK

1980 1985 1990

PASCAL

C

PROLOG

MATLAB ADA

C++

COMMON LISP


1995 2000

MODULA−2

JAVA

C++

Standard

BASIC

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Some High-level Programming Languages Summary Language

Date Application Area

Origin of Names

FORTRAN

IBM (1957)

Scientific programming

FORmula TRANslation language

LISP

MIT (1958)

Symbolic computation (AI)

LISp Processing

COBOL

USA (1959)

Business data processing

COmmon Business-Oriented Language

Simple on PC

Beginner’s All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code

Systems programming

Predecessor language was named B

Symbolic computation (AI)

PROgramming LOGic (Frence)

USA (1980)

Real-time distributed systems

Ada Augusta Byron collaborated with nineteenthcentury computer pioneer Charles Babbage

(1980)

Graphical user interfaces; Object-oriented programming

Objects “talk” to one another via messages

Supports objects and Objected-oriented programming

Incremental modification of C (++ is the C increment operator)

Supports Web programming

Originally named “Oak”

BASIC C PROLOG Ada Smalltalk

(1965) Bell (1972) (1972)

C++ JAVA

SUN (1995)

→

Common Lisp Object System

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MATLAB ?

MATrix LABoratory 

In 1978, Professor Cleve Moler (New Mexico University, USA) used FORTRAN to write the MATLAB for applications involving matrices , linear algebra , and numerical analysis



In 1984, Jack Little (Stanford University) used C to rewrite and to commercialize the MATLAB software (MathWorks Company)



MATLAB is both a computer programming language and

an interactive software environment for using that language effectively

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Why MATLAB ? Outstanding Features 

Significantly simpler programming



Continuity (no distinction) among integer, real, and complex values (any variable can take any type of number without special declaration)



Extended range of numbers and their accuracy (all in double precision)



Extensive graphic tools including graphic user interface functions



A comprehensive mathematical library



Capability of linking with traditional programming languages



Transportability of MATLAB programs



MATLAB has a number of add-on software modules, called toolboxes, that perform more specialized computations. All toolboxes run under the core MATLAB program

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Thank You for Your Attention Questions Are Welcome

0 Engineering Programming using MATLAB.pdf

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