e*g;Edkif"m; wuúodkvf aevif;atmif Heavenly Sword and Dragon Sabre ( Yi Tian Tu Long Ji ) Jim Yong
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rmwdum tcef; (1) tcef; (2) tcef; (3) tcef; (4) tcef; (5) tcef; (6) tcef; (7) tcef; (8) tcef; (9) tcef; (10) tcef; (11) tcef; (12)
cGef;vGefbk&m;ausmif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ESpfukd,fh wpfpdwf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 t½ªH; ESifh tEkdif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 yef;aMuG yef;yGifh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 e*g;Edkif"m; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 aoG;vuf0g; &GufavS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 a&Tig; tmrcHXme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 [lwef; ckESpfazmf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 a&Tig; tmrcHXme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 rdef;racsmav; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 ya[Vdqefaom rdef;uav; . . . . . . . . . . . 94 "m;jyyGJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; NyD; ..... a&yHk;BuD;ESpfvHk;udk ycHk;xufwGifxrf;vsuf EIwfrSvnf; w&m;pm&Gwf&if; awmifwufvrf;twdkif; oGm;aeaom bkef;BuD;wpfyg;udkyg vif;vif;Nrifvdkuf&onf/ vif ; vif ; onf aNcvS r f ; oG u f o G u f v S r f ; í bk e f ; BuD ; aemuf o d k Y aNy;vd k u f o G m ;\/ ayig;q,fcefYtuGmta0;odkYa&muf\/ vif;vif;rsufvHk;tpHk NyL;0dkif;vsuf wpfcsufrQ wkefvIyfoGm;rd\/ taBumif;um; ,if;bkef;BuD; xrf;vmaom a&yHk; ESpfvHk;rSm oHNzifY NyKvkyfxm;aom a&yHk;BuD;ESpfyHk; NzpfaeNyD; omref a&yHk;t&G,ftpm;xuf ydkí BuD;aeonfudkvnf;aumif;? NyD;aemuf bkef;BuD;\ vnfyif;? aNcaxmufESifY vufrsm;wGiv f nf; BuD;rm;wkwcf ikd af om oHBudK;rsm;NzifY csnaf ESmifxm;ao;onfuv kd nf;aumif; vif;vif;trSwrf xif awGYNrifvkduf&aomaBumifYyif Nzpf\/ wd w f q d w f N id r f o uf a om awmvrf ; 0ef ; usif w G i f oH B ud K ;oH wcRif c Rif N rnf a eNcif ; rS m bk e f ; BuD ; aNcwpfvSrf;vSrf;wdkif; aNray: w&GwfwdkufqGJaeaom oHBudK;rsm;\ xdcwfoHaBumifYyif Nzpf\/ oHa&yHk; ESpfvHk;wGifvnf; a&tNynfY NznfYxm;ao;&m oHyHk;ESpfvHk;{/f tav;csdefrSm vGefpGm av;yifvSaBumif; vif;vif; em;vnfvdkuf\/ vif;vif;onf xl;qef;aom tNriftm&HkaBumifYwpfcsufrQom wkefvIyfoGm;rdNyD;aemuf bkef;BuD;aemufodkY trDvdkuf&if; EIwfrSvnf; .... ]]OD; . . . OD;yOöif; cPavmufaeygOD;? wynfYawmf avQmufxm;p&m&dSvdkYyg}} [k vSrf;í atmfaNymvdkuf\/ bkef;BuD;onf vif;vif; toHaBumifY aemufodkY vSnfYBunfYvdku\/ &kwfw&ufaomf ESpfOD;pvHk aBumifpDpDNzpfoGm;Bu&\/ taBumif;um; ,if;bkef;BuD;udk vGefcJYaom oHk;ESpfuyif vif;vif;Nrifzl;cJYNyD; bkef;BuD;{/f bGJYtrnfrSm BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfNzpf\/ ay&kH;awmif "m;a&;,SOfNydKifyGJwGif BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfudk Nrifzl;cJYNcif; Nzpf\? xdkYNyif vif;vif;onf BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf{/f odkif;ynmtaBumif;udk odcJY\/ BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfonf &dk;om;at;aq;pGm aewwfaomfvnf; twGif;tm; odkif;ynmurl vGefpGm euf&Idif;vS\/ odkif;avmu&dS xdyfwef;odkif;ynm&Sif tm;vHk;\ twGif;tm;ynmxuf BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf{/f twGif;tm;odkif;u rnYHygacs/ vif;vif;u BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfteD;odkY a&mufatmif taNy;wufoGm;&if; . . . ]]aBomf . . . vufpowfawmY OD;yOöif;udk;? b,fvdkvkyfNyD; 'DvdkNzpf&wmvJ OD;yOöif;}}[k ar;vdkuf\/ BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfu vif;vif;\tar;udkraNz/ NyHK;vsuf acgif;om wpfcsufndwfNyNyD; ae&mrS xGufoGm;av\/ vif;vif;rSmrl aemufrSvdkuf&if; atmfaNymae\/ ]]OD;yOöif;u wynfYawmfrudk rrSwfrdawmYbl;vm;? wynfYawmfr aumYvif;vif;av}} BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfu orifvnfNyefrQ vSnfYBunfYNyD; NyKH;í acgif;ndwfNy\/ EIwfrSrl rnfonfYpum;rQ rqdkacs/ BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf{/f aNcvSrf;rsm;rSmrl ydkíoGufvmum awmifay:vrf;twdkif; avQmufwufoGm;\/ xdktcg aumYvif;vif; raeEdkifí . . . . ]]OD;yOöif;udk b,folu oHBudK;eJY csnfxm;wmvJ? bmNzpfvdkY OD;yOöif;udk 'DvdkEdSyfpuf&wmvJ}}[k qufí atmfar;\/ þwpfBudrfwGif BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfu vSnfYyifrBunfYawmY/ vufNzifYom aemufodkYvSrf;í ar;Nref;Ncif; rNyK&ef oabmNzifY cgNyvdkuf\/ aumYvif;vif; vGepf mG tHYH tm;oifYomG ;\/ xl;qef;aom þudprö sdK;wGif vif;vif;rar;bJraeEdik /f xdYk aBumifY vif;vif;onf BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfaemufodkY aNy;vdkufoGm;Nyef\/ ,ckwpfBudrfrl vif;vif;onf BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf\ a&SYodkYa&mufatmif NzwfaNy;oGm;NyD; [efYwm;xm;&if; olodvdkonfudk ar;Nref;&ef &nf&G,fxm;\/ olY&nf&G,fcsuf txraNrmufygacs/ taBumif;rl BuD;rm;aom oHBudK;rsm;NzifY wkyfaESmifxm;Ncif;cH&&Hkru vGefpGmav;yifaom oHyHk;BuD;ESpfyHk;udk xrf;í oGm;aeaom BuG,&f iT u f , kd af wmf\ a&SYoYkd vif;vif; b,frQyif tm;pdu k í f vdu k o f nfYwikd f rrDEikd af omaBumifYyif Nzpfyg\/ 3
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]OD;yOöif;u odkif;ynm b,favmufaumif;aumif; wynfYawmfruawmY rrDrDatmif vdkuf&rSmyJ OD;yOöif;}} vif;vif;u trDvu kd &f ef BudK;pm;&if; BuG,&f iT u f , kd af wmftm; atmfaNym\/ odYk aomf BuG,&f iT u f , kd af wmfonf olYa&SYrSyif raES;rNref avQmufvSrf;aeqJ Nzpfyg\/ BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf\ aNcvSrf;wdkif; oHBudK;oH wcRifcRifuvnf; pnf;0g;udkufpGm NrnfaeqJ/ wNznf;Nznf;ESifY awmifwufvrf;u NrifYonfxuf NrifYvmNyD;aemuf awmif\ aemufbufodkYyif a&mufvmNyD Nzpf\/ aumYvif;vif;rSm awmifwufaom vrf;wpfavQmufvHk; taNy;uav;NzifYom vdkufae&í armyef;vsuf touf&IoHyif Nyif;vmNyDNzpf\/ odkYaomf- ,ckcsdefxd BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf{/fa&SYrS NzwfausmfroGm;Ekdifygacs/ xdkYaBumifY aumYvif;vif;u BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmftm; pdwfxJrS usdwfí csD;usL;vdkuf\/ ]]'gaBumifY azaz araru 0gqef;awmifrSm aNymwmudk;? 'Dbkef;BuD;&JY odkif;ynmtm;u odyfNrifYrm;w,fwJY? 'Dwkef;u ig aumif;aumif; r,HkcJYbl;? igudk,fwdkif vufawGYprf;awmYrS r,HkbJudk raeEdkifawmYbl;}} xdktcdkuf BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfonf ausmif;aqmifwpfaqmif\aemufodkY avQmufoGm;NyD; oHyHk;BuD;ESpfvHk;xJrS a&rsm;udk ausmif;aqmifaemufbuf a&wGif;xJodkY oGefcsvdkuf\/ aumYvif;vif;onf xdktcsif;t&mudk Nrifaomf vGefpGmtHYBooGm;{/f/ atmf[pfívnf; . . . . ]]OD;yOöif;? b,fvdkaBumifY a&xrf;NyD; a&wGif;xJ avmif;xnfYaewmvJ qifNcifygOD;}} BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfu at;aq;wnfNidrfpGm acgif;cgNyvdkuf\/ aumYvif;vif;u oabmwpfrsdK;aYygufum &,farmvsuf . . . ]][kwfNyD . . . [kwfNyD? vufpowfawmY OD;yOöif;u eufeJwJY odkif;ynm&yfwpf&yfudk avYusifYaewmudk;}} BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfu acgif;cgNyNyef\/ vif;vif; em;rvnfpGmNzif; a'gooHuav;pGufvsuf . . . ]]apmapmwkef;u wynfYawmfrudk,fwdkif OD;yOöif; w&m;pmqdkaewmudk Bum;&wmyJ? OD;yOöif;u tckrS b,fvdkaBumifY pum;raNym&wmvJ}} odkYaomf BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfu pum;wpfcGef;rSNyefraNym? oHyHk;BuD;ESpfyHk;udk qwfceJqGJum awmifatmufodkY qif;oGm;Nyef\/ aumYvif;vif;rSm a&wGif;em;odkY taNy;uav;oGm;NyD; iHkYBunfYvdkuf\/ odkY&mwGif a&wGif;xJwGif bmxl;Ncm;csufrQrawGY&acs/ vif;vif;onf awmifatmufodkY Nyefqif;oGm;aom BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfudkom ai;aBumifBunfYaevdkufrd\/ vif;vif;onf vmpOfu awmvrf;wpfavQmuf taNy;uav; wufcJY&oNzifY acR;uav;pdkYum tdkufpyfpyfNzpfae\/ xdkYaBumifY a&wGif;eHab;&dS ausmufcHkwef;wGif xdkifí avnif;cH tyef;aNzaevdkufrd\/ ywf0ef;usifonf at;Nidrf;om,mvS\/ awmif\vSyNcif;? awm\ qdwfNidrfNcif;ESifYtwl wpfcgwpf&H csdKvGifaom acgif;avmif;oHrsm;udkyg Bum;&wwfao;&m þywf0ef;usif awm&dyfNrdKifonf wu,fyif at;Nidrf;NyD; avmuDvlom;rsm;ESifY uif;a0;aomae&maumif;wpfae&m Nzpfonf[k vif;vif;pOf;pm;vdkufrd\/ xdkpOf vif;vif;{/f tawG;tm&HkxJodkY pOf;pm;zG,ftaBumif;wpfck zswfceJ 0ifa&mufvmNyef\/ ]]BuG,&f iT u f , kd af wmf&YJ wynfY usef;qef;zke;f wpfa,muf b,furkd sm;a&mufaeygvdrYf ? olYuo kd m ar;BunfY&&if taBumif;pHkodrSm aocsmw,f}} xdkYaemuf vif;vif;onf BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfNyefqif;oGm;&m awmifatmufbufodkY qif;vmcJY\/ awmvrf;twdkif; twefBumavQmufvmcJYpOf &kwfw&uf ta&SYbufatmufem;qDrS oHBudK;NrnfoHrsm;udk Bum;vdkuf&\/ xdkoHBudK;rsm;rSm tNcm;r[kwf/ BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf a&xrf;í wufvmaomtoHyif Nzpf\/ vif;vif;onf awmvrf;twdkif; avQmufae&mrS vrf;eHab;&dS opfyifwpfyif{/f aemufodkY 0ifa&mufykef;aevdkuf\/ pdwfxJurl . . . ]]OD;yOöif;u t ovdk pum;raNymcsifayr,fY aemufuG,fuae ol bmvkyfaew,fqdkwm ig acsmif;BunfYrSyJ}} oHBudK;oHrsm; ydkí Bum;vm&NyD Nzpf\/ 4
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rSeo f nf/ BuG,&f iT u f , kd af wmf{/f ycH;k xufwiG f a&yH;k ESpyf ;kH xrf;vsuf awmvrf;twdik ;f avQmuf&if;vufrv S nf; pmtkyfwpftkyfudkifum pdwf0ifpmpGmzwfvsuf&dSonfudk vif;vif; awGYvdkuf\/ vif;vif;onf opfyifuG,frS acsmif;BunfYae&mrS BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmftem;odkY a&mufcsdefwGif &kwfw&uf ckefxGufNyD; atmfar;vdkuf\/ ]]AsdKY . . . OD;yOöif;? bmpmtkyfzwfaewmvJ}} BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfvnf; rxifrSwfbJ &kwfw&uf Nzpfí EIwfrS vTwfceJ . . . ]]tdk . . . rif;udk;? OD;yOöif;awmif vefYoGm;w,f}} vif;vif;u oabmus &,farmvsuf . . . ]]OD;yOöif;u t csifa,mif aqmifaewmr[kwfvm;? uJ . . . tck tnmay:NyDav}} BuG , f & T i f u d k , f a wmf { /f rsuf E S m Nyif w G i f wk e f v I y f a om t&d y f t a,mif Nzwf o ef ; oG m ;NyD ; eHab;0ef;usifodkYBunfY&if; vufumNyavonf/ vif;vif;u em;rvnfaom trlt&mNzifY . . . ]]aeygOD;? OD;yOöif;u b,folYudk aBumufaewmvJ}} [kar;Nyef\/ BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf rnfodkYrQ NyefraNzrD teD;&dS awmtkyfeHab;rS bkef;BuD;ESpfyg; &kwfw&uf xGufvmNyD; wpfyg;u atmfaigufoHNzifY . . . ]]BuG,f&Tif . . . rif; pnf;urf;azmufw,f? pum;aNymcGifY r&bJeJY udk,fYoabmeJYudk,f aNymw,f? aemufNyD; tNyif u vl e J Y a Nymw,f ? NyD ; awmY rd e f ; uav;eJ Y aNymw,f ? uJ . . . vm vd k u f c J Y ? pnf ; urf ; Buyf r wf w J Y q&mawmfqDoGm;r,f}} BuG , f & T i f u d k , f a wmf r S m rnf o d k Y r Q apm'urwuf a cs/ OD ; acgif ; iH k Y v suf bk e f ; BuD ; ES p f y g;aemuf o d k Y wdwfwqdwfvdkufoGm;\/ aumYvif;vif;rSm bkef;BuD;rsm;aemuf taNy;uav;vdkuf&if; a'gooHNzifY . . . ]]'DavmurSm olYudk b,foleJYrS pum;raNym&bl;qdkwJY pnf;urf;&dSovm;? 'D OD;yOöif;udk wynfYawmfr odw,f? odvdkY wynfYawmfreJY pum;aNymwm? OD;yOöif;eJY b,fvdkywfowfvdkYvJ? bmqdkifvdkYvJ}} bkef;BuD;ESpfyg;teuf udk,fum,BuD;xGm;aom bkef;BuD;u rsufESmyifYvsuf . . . ]]'DrmS 'umr? [dv k eG cf YJ wYJ ESpaf ygif;wpfaxmifausmf a&Smifvifb&k m;ausmif; pwifNyD; wnfaqmufuwnf;u a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;ay:udk rdef;rrwufcJY&bl;? 'gaBumifY 'umrvJ ckcsufcsif;qif;oGm;yg}} aumYvif;vif; a'goydkxGufvmum . . . ]]'DrSm 'umrav; . . . igwdkY bkef;BuD;udpöudk omrefvlraNymeJY? rif;{u&mZfawmif 0ifpGufcGifYr&dSbl;? 'umrav; ar;vJtydkyJ? usKyfwdkYrSm aNz&Sif;cGifYr&dSbl;}} ]]'DOD;yOöif;u &dk;om;w,f? at;at;aq;aq;aewwfw,fqdkwm wynfYawmfr odw,f? OD;yOöif;wdkYu oufouf 'DO;D yOöi;f udk tEdik u f siYf aeBuwm r[kwv f m;? tif; . . . xif;rif q&mawmfBuD;aum? [lqufq&mawmfBuD;eJY [l&SefYq&mawmfBuD;awGaum b,fa&mufukefNyDvJ? tJ'D q&mawmfBuD;awGudk yifYxGufcJYyg? wynfYawmfru tJ'Dq&mBuD;rsm;eJY tckudpöudkaNz&Sif;r,f}} bkef;BuD;ESpfyg;rSm vif;vif;xHrS rarQmifvifYaompum;udkBum;aomf rsufESmawmfawmf ysufoGm;Bu\/ wkefvIyfNcif; t&dyfta,mif Nzwfoef;oGm;\/ wkefvIyfrnfqdkvnf; wkefvIyfoifYygay\/ taBumif;um; xif;rif q&mawmfrSm a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;Nzpfovdk [lqufq&mawmfrSmvnf; a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ vdk[efYausmif;wdkuf q&mawmfNzpfNyD;? [l&SefYq&mawmfrSmrl a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ wmrmausmif;wdkufq&mawmfNzpf\/ þq&mawmf B uD ; oH k ; yg;rS m a&S m if v if b k & m;ausmif ; wG i f BoZmt&d S e f t 0gvG e f p G m BuD ; rm;aom t"dywdq&mawmfBuD;rsm;yifNzpfonfr[kwfygvm;/
5
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkYaBumifY bkef;BuD;rsm;onf þt"dywd q&mawmfBuD;oHk;yg;\ bGJYtrnfudk rac:0HYcJYBu/ ]]ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;}} ]]vdk[efYausmif;wdkufq&mawmfBuD;}} ]]wmrmausmif;wdkufq&mawmfBuD;}} [líom ac:Buavonf/ ,ckrl bkef;BuD;rsm; rac:0HYBuonfudk vif;vif;u t"dywdq&mawmfBuD;oHk;yg;\ bGJYtrnfudk 'dk;'dk;a'gufa'guf raBumufr&GYHac:vdkuf&m bkef;BuD;rsm; tvdktavsmuf wkefvIyfoGm;BuNcif;yifNzpf\/ udk,fum, xGm;BudKif;aom bkef;BuD;rSm pnf;urf;Buyfrwfa&;ausmif;wdkuf q&mawmfBuD;\wynfY qufrdefNzpf\/ qufrdefu rdrdq&mawmfBuD;\ trdefYt& rdrd\ *dkPf;wlnD quf&SifESifYtwl BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmftm; wdwfwqdwfvma&mufapmifYBunfYaeNcif;yif Nzpfyg\/ qufrdefudk,fawmfonf aumYvif;vif;\ pum;udk Bum;aomf toHudkNrSifYí . . . ]]'umrav;u bke;f BuD;wdYk &YJ at;csrf;wJYae&mudk vma&mufaESmifY,u S w f mqd&k ifawmY bke;f BuD;wdYk u cGiYf NyKrSm r[kwfbl;}} aumYvif;vif;u rJYNyHK;NyHK;NyD; . . . ]]wynfYawmfru OD;yOöif;wdkYudk aBumufae&rSmvm;? OD;yOöif;wdkY tckcsufcsif; BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfudk csnaf ESmifxm;wJY oHBudK;awGukd aNzay;yg? EdYk r[kw&f if wynfYawmfru xif;rif q&mawmfBuD;eJY oGm;aNz&Si;f &vdrYf r,f}} bkef;BuD;ESpfyg;rSm vif;vif;tm; bmNyefaNym&rSef;rodatmif NzpfoGm;\/ wu,f r l aumYvif ; vif ; \ rd b ES p f y g;Nzpf a om aumYcsif ; ES i f Y ppf & H k r S m a&Smifvif*dkPf;csKyfq&mawmfBuD;xif;rifESifY vGefpGm &if;ESD;olrsm; NzpfBu\/ q&mawmf xif;rifonf vif;vif; i,fpOfu vif;vif;\ rdbrsm;xH tvnftywf BuGa&mufzl;\/ vif;vif;\ rdbESpfyg;rSm odkif;avmuwGif trSefwu,f NydKifpH&Sm;atmif odkif;ynmt&mwGif tvGefNrifYrm;euf&dIif;pGm wwfajrmufuRrf;usifolrsm;Nzpfí a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;u olwdkYtm; av;pm;xm;\/ vif;vif;onf txifu& a&Smifvifb&k m;ausmif; wnf&&Sd m qef;qufawmifay:odYk a&mufvmNcif;rSmvnf; ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;tm; zl;aNrmfvdkaomtaBumif;wpfaBumif;vnf; yg&dSyg\/ od k Y &mwG i f ,ck r l vif ; vif ; awmif a y:od k Y a&muf v Qif a &muf c sif ; xl ; qef ; aom tNzpfESifYBuHKae&NyDr[kwfygvm;/ qufrdefESifY quf&Sifudk,fawmfESpfyg;rSm vif;vif;\cg;wGif "m;wdkwpfacsmif; csdwfqGJxm;onfudkyg awGYvdkuf&aomf ydkí a'goxGufvmBu\/ quf&Sifudk,fawmfu toHeufNzifY . . . ]]'umr cg;rSmcsdwfxm;wJY"m;udkcsNyD; awmifay:u csufcsif;qif;oGm;yg? tJ'Dvdk qif;oGm;&if OD;yOöif;wdkY 'umrav;udk bmrSrvkyfbl;}} vif ; vif ; onf ol r \"m;ud k od r f ; qnf ; rnf [ k q d k a omf yd k í a'goxG u f v m\/ xd k Y aBumif Y cg;rS"m;udkNzKwf,lvdkufNyD; vufESpfbufNzifY rvsuf yrmrcefYNyHK;NyD; . . . ]]aumif;ygNyDbk&m;? trdefYawmfNrwftwdkif;ygyJ}} [kqdkvdkuf\/ quf&SifwdkYrSm i,fpOfuyif þa&Smifvifausmif;awmfBuD;wGif aexdkifBuD;Nyif;vmcJY&m q&mawmfBuD;rsm;\ aNymNycsuft& a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;rSm q,fESpfausmftwGif; odkif;avmu wpfckvHk;\ odkif;ynmydkif;qdkif&m yifrNzpfaBumif; rBumcP Bum;cJY&zl;\/ xd k Y Nyif od k i f ; avmuwgif rnf r Qyif a usmf B um;aom od k i f ; ynm&S i f B uD ; yif N zpf a p a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;0if;twGif;odkY "m;vufeufudkifaqmifí r0iftyfaBumif; od&\/ ,ckrl þrdef;uav;onf a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;xJodkYr0ifa&mufonfYwdkif a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ e,ferdwftwGif; "m;udkifaqmifvsuf a&muf&dSvmoNzifY NzKwfcscdkif;&Ncif;Nzpf\/ 6
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; aumYvif;vif;u rdrw d Ykd trdeYf ay;ouJYoYkd cg;rS"m;udNk zKwfí vufEpS b f ufNzifY ,Ofaus;pGm tyfEv HS monfukd awGY&\/ quf&Sifonf a&SYwpfvSrf;wdk;í vif;vif;\ vufrS"m;udk ,lvdkuf\/ od k Y aomf quf & S i f \ vuf a csmif ; rsm; "m;td r f u d k xd v d k u f p Of c Pü quf & S i f \ ud k , f c E¨ m rS m tvGeftm;aumif;aom wpfpHkwpfa,mufu wGef;xkwfvdkufouJYodkY aemufodkY vdrfYusoGm;awmYav\/ ae&mrSmvnf; awmifurlavQmuav;NzpfoNzifY 'vdrfYaumufauG;usoGm;&mrS opfyifi,fwpfyiftm; vufNzifYqGJí xdef;vdkufawmYrS tus&yfvsuf udk,fudk Nyefvnf xdef;rwfEdkifawmY\/ xdktcsif;t&mudk Nrifvdkufaom qufrdefrSm a'gotrsuf xGufouJYodkY wkefvIyfNcif;vnf;NzpfoGm;&\/ qufrdef us,favmifpGmNzifY . . . ]]rif;wu,f owdå&Sdygvm;? igwdkYa&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk wrifvmNyD; &efpw,faygYav [kwfvm;}} ,if;odkY qdkNyD;onfESifY &kwfw&uf ckefwufNyD; b,fvufoD;udkxdk;xkwf&if; nmvuf0g;apmif;udkwGJí vif;vif;tm; wdkufcdkufawmY\/ vif;vif;url avoHukd em;pGiYf &EHk iS Yf yif qufred \ f odik ;f tm; quf&iS x f ufyí kd tm;aumif;aBumif; odvu kd Nf yD Nzpf\/ xdkYaBumifY "m;&dk;udk udkifvsuf "m;udk"m;tdrfrS qGJxkwfNcif;rNyKbJ qufrdef\ ycHk;udk ckwfcsvdkuf\/ qufrdefu vif;vif;\ ckwfcsufudk ycHk;ESdrfYí a&Smif&if; vufudk &kyfodrf;um"m;udkvSrf;qGJvdkuf\/ xdktcsdefwGifBuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfonf eHab;rS&yfBunfY&if;rS vGefpGm pdwfylyifvm\/ xdkYaBumifY atmf[pf [efYwm;vdkuf\/ ]]rvkyfBuygeJY? &yfvdkufBuyg}} BuG,f&Tif\ [efYwm;csufu aemufusoGm;NyD Nzpf\/ qufrdefonf "m;tdrfudk qkyfrdonfESifY tiftm;oHk;í vk,l&ef pdwful;vdkuf\/ odkYaomf vufz0g;rS vufarmif;&dk;wpfavQmuf &kwfw&uf xHkusOfoGm;NyD; "m;tdrfudkifvufpvufudk uref ; uwef ; vT w f v d k u f & if ; wpf q uf w nf ; wG i f aemuf o d k Y a&S m if a Ny;rnf N yKpOf aumYvif ; vif ; \ vQyfwNywfwdkufuGufrdum aemufodkY vefusoGm;onf/ qufrdefonf quf&Sifudk,fawmfxuf tusemavonf/ rsufESmwGif 'Pf&mrsm;&&dSNyD; aoG;rsm;yif pdkYxGufvm\/ xdktcdkufaumYvif;vif;vnf; tawG;wpfck0ifvm\/ ]]a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk ig pdwfaNyvufaysmuf tvnfvmwm tckawmY taBumif;rJY &efNzpfvdkuf&NyD}} xdkYaemuf aumYvif;vif;onf BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmftem;odkY vsifNrefpGmoGm;um vufxJrS "m;NzifY BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf\ aNcvufwdkYwGif csnfaESmifxm;aom oHBudK;rsm;udk ckwfNzwfvdkuf\/ BuG,f&Tifu aBumufaBumufvefYvefYNzifY . . . . ]]rvkyfeJY? rvkyfeJY}} [k[efYwm;ao;\/ odkYaomf aumYvif;vif;url ckwfNzwfNrJ Nzwf&if;rS . . . ]]bmNzpfvdkY rvkyf&rSmvJ}} [k ar;vdkuf\/ wqufwnf;wGif xGufaNy;oGm;Buaom qufrdef ESifY quf&Sifudk,fawmfESpfyg;udk vufndI;xdk;Ny&if; . . . ]][dkrSmawGYvm;? olwdkY owif;oGm;ay;aeBuNyD? wynfYawmfrwdkY 'Dae&mu tNrefqHk;aNy;BuygpdkY? OD;yOöif;&JY [dkwynfYav;aum rawGYygvm;? olYudkyg wpfygwnf; ac:vdkuf}} [kqdkvdkuf\/ BuG,f&Tifu xGufaNy;&ef Niif;qefae\/ OD;acgif;udk cg,rf;aeNyef\/ xdkpOf . . . ]]uRefawmf'DrSm&dSygw,fAs}} [laom wpfpHkwpfa,muf\ toHudk Bum;vdkuf&\/ aumYvif;vif; zswfceJ vSnfYBunfYpOf touf q,fYaNcmufESpfcefY a,mufsm;av;wpfOD;udk awGYvdkuf&\/ olutNcm;r[kwfyg/ BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf\ wpfOD;wnf;aomwynfY usef;qef;zkef;yifNzpf\/
7
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; vif;vif; "m;udk ay;&aumif;Edk;Edk;? ray;bJae&aumif;Edk;Edk; NzpfaepOf bkef;BuD;wpfyg;u &kwfw&uf ckefxGufvmNyD; . . . . ]][dwf. . . tckxd "m;rtyfao;bl;vm;}}[k trdefYay;oHNzifYaNymNyD; "m;udk vk&efNyKvdkuf\/ aumYvif;vif;onf "m;udktyfESH&ef qHk;NzwfrnfNyKqJwGif xdkodkYNyKrlNcif;cH&oNzifY a'goxGufvmNyD; Nyefvnfwdkufcdkuf&ef csufcsif; qHk;NzwfvdkufavawmY\/ odkYNzifY bkef;BuD;onf aumYvif;vif;\ "m;tdrfudk vSrf;ícsKyfudkifvdkuf\/ bkef;BuD;\ "m;udkifvufu vGefpGmoefrmNyD; tm;ygvSonf/ vif;vif;onf aemufwpfvSrf;qkwfí a&Smifwdrf;vdkufNyD; "m;udk "m;tdrfrS vsifNrefpGm qGJxkwfvdkufNyD; vSr;f ckwv f u kd \ f / bke;f BuD;onf uref;uwef; olYvufol &kwo f rd ;f vdu k &f \/odYk aomf vufzrd;k wGif "m;csufav;csuf xdrSefoGm;NyD; olYvufodkY ygoGm;aom "m;tdrfrSvnf; vGwfusoGm;\/xdkpOf tNcm;bkef;BuD;oHk;yg;u vif;vif;tm; 0dkif;0ef;wdkufckdufvmawmY\/ tpOD;wGif udk,fwpfNyefolwpfNyef vuf&nfwl wdkufcdkufEdkifaomfvnf; aemufydkif;wGif vif;vif;\ vuf & nf u svm\/ wd k u f u G u f r sm;vnf ; tm;aysmY v m\/ vif ; vif ; taNctae&I H ; ed r f Y & awmY r nf & d S p Of touft&G,fvGefpGmtdkrif;vsuf cE¨mudk,f ydefvSDvSaom bkef;awmfBuD;wpfyg; olwdkYtem;odkY trSwfrxif a&mufvm\/ ,if;bkef;BuD;tdku vufESpfzufydkufvsuf aumYvif;vif;ESifY bkef;BuD;rsm; wdkufcdkufaeBuonfudk acgif;wndwfndwfESifY NyHK;íBunfYaeav\/ xdkpOf aumYvif;vif;onf &IH;&dyfNyvmNyDNzpfí bkef;BuD;rsm; rcHcsdrcHomNzpfatmif atmfaNymavonf/ ]]bmvJ? a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;u odkif;avmu&JY t"du& yifrqdk? tckawmY tkyfpktm;udk;NyD; tEdkifusifYaeygvm;[if}} ]][dwf . . . tm;vHk;&yfvdkufprf;}} apmapmu wdkufyGJudkvufydkufvsuf acgif;wndwfndwfNzifY BunfYaeaom bkef;BuD;tdk\ toHyif Nzpfyg\/ usefbkef;BuD;rsm;onf bkef;BuD;tkdtm;Nrifaomf wdkufcdkufNcif;udk csufcsif; &yfypfvdkufBu\/ rSefyg\/ bkef;BuD;tdkrSm wNcm;r[kwf? a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;awmf\ 0gawmftBuD;qHk; t"dywd q&mawmfBuD; oHk;yg;teuf vdk[efYausmif;wkduf q&mawmf [lqufyif Nzpfyg\/ aumYvif;vif;onf [lqufq&mawmf\ bGJYrnfudk olYrdbrsm;xHrS wpfqifY Bum;cJYzl;aomvnf; q&mawmfudkawmY Nrifzl;Ncif;r&dScJYacs/ odkY&mwGif þbkef;BuD;tdktm; usefbkef;BuD;rsm;u vGefpGm&dkao[ef? aBumuf&GYH[ef? av;pm;[ef trlt&mrsm;udk awGY&oNzifY þbkef;BuD;tkdrSm a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ t&dSeft0g BoZmBuD;rm;aom q&mawmfwpfyg;yif Nzpf&rnf[k em;vnfvdkuf\/ aumYvif;vif;\ pdwfrSvnf; . . . ]]igYtaztar emrnfudkawmY igb,fenf;eJYrS zGifYaNymvdkYrNzpfawmYbl;? Nyóemu wNznf;Nznf;eJY BuD;rm;vmNyD? tazeJY taromod&if igYudkaumif;aumif;BuD; qlvdrfYr,f? igvJ 'Dbkef;BuD;tdkeJY b,fvdkrS ,SOfNydKifEdkifrSmr[kwfbl;? tJ'DawmY 'Dae&mu igtNrefqHk; xGufoGm;rS NzpfawmYr,f}} odkY&mwGif aumYvif;vif;onf a'goxGufaomtoHNzifY ]]t&Sifbk&m; wynfYawmfru om,mvGef;wJY 'Dawmawmif&Icif;awGudk pdwfaNyvufaysmufoabm BunfYzkdY &dk;&dk;om;om; tvnfvmrdwmyg? tckawmY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;[m aeNynfawmfu bk&ifYeef;awmfxufawmif pnf;urf;BuD;aeygvm;? "m;wdkav;utp odrf;qnf;rvkdYwJY? wynfYawmfr rodvdkY q&mawmfBuD;udk ar;yg&ap? wynfYawmfru a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif; y&d0kPfxJudk a&mufaevdkYvm;? NyD;awmY wm;rm;abmfbd q&mawmfBuD;u tdE´d,Nynfuae a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk BuGvmNyD; odkif;ynmrsdK;apYudk olay;cJYwm[m usrf;*efy&dywåd oifBum;usufrSwf&vGef;vdkY anmif;nmaewJY bkef;BuD;awGudk udk,fvufoefrm oefpGrf;atmif aoG;vnfywf vIyf&Sm;vmatmif twGufyJ r[kwfvm;? tckawmY BunfYygOD;bk&m;? a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;[m emrnfBuD;vmwmeJY odkif;twwfynmNrifYrm;vmwmeJYtrQ wpfzufom;udkydkNyD; tEdkifusifYcsifvmwm r[kwfvm;bk&m;? aumif;NyD q&mawmfBuD;? 'DaeY wynfYawmfr vufxJu 9
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10
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lqufq&mawmfu NyHK;&Tifaom trlt&mNzifY . . . ]]'umrav;[m wu,fudk oabmxm;BuD;wmyJ? bkef;BuD; csD;usL;ygw,f}}[k rdefYqdkNyD;aemuf awmifay:odkY NyefvnfwufoGm;avawmY\/ aumYvif;vif;rSmrl awmifatmufodkY qufíqif;vm\/ usef;qef;zkef;vnf; vif;vif;\aemuf ig;vSrf;uGmrS vdkufygvmvsuf &dS\/ vif;vif;u aemufNyefwpfcsufBunfYí. . . ]]usef;qef;zkef; igar;wm trSeftwdkif;aNzyg? rif;&JYq&mudk olwdkY bmaBumifY ESdyfpuf&wmvJ? tEdkifusifY&wmvJ? rif;q&mrSm twGif;tm; odkif;ynm odyftqifYNrifYwmyJ r[kwfvm;? bmNzpfvdkY olwdkYudk aBumufae&wmvJ}}[kar;onf/ usef;qef;zkef;u a&SYESpfvSrf;wdk;vsuf . . . ]]uRefawmfwdkY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;&JY pnf;urf;uodyfBuD;w,fAs? bk&m;ausmif;xJu b,fbkef;BuD;rqdk pnf;urf; azmufzsuf&if 'PfcwfcH&wmyJ? wrifoufouf tEdkifusifYwm? ESdyfpufnSif;yef;wm r[kwfygbl;}} aumYvif;vif; tHYBooGm;\/ ]]rif;&JY q&mawmf[m tifrwef at;at;aq;aq; aewwfwJY yk*¾dKvfyg? 'Dvdk yk*¾dKvfrsdK;u bmtNypf usL;vGefrSmvJ? {uEÅ txifvGJcH&wm NzpfygvdrfYr,f}} usef;qef;zkef;u oufNyif;cs&if; OD;acgif;udk cg,rf;Ny\/ xdkYaemufwGifrl usef;qef;zkef;u aumYvif;vif; oabmayguf&ef NzpfaBumif;&,fukefpif aNymNyawmY\/ vG e f c J Y aom q,f E S p f c ef Y u usef ; qef ; zk e f ; onf aNcmuf E S p f t &G , f c ef Y om &d S a o;\/ rd b rJ Y wpfaumifBuGufvnf;Nzpf&m bkef;BuD;BuG,f&Tifu ac:,l auR;arG;xm;vdkuf\/ bkef;BuD;BuG,f&Tifonf usef;qef;zkef;tm; udk&if0wfray;ay? Omref vltNzpfom ausmif;oifcef;wGifaeap\/ bkef;BuD;BuG,f&Tifonf vGefpGm at;csrf;\/ rnfolESifYrQvnf; pum;rsm;Ncif;? cdkuf&efNzpfNcif; r&dSacs/ oabmouúm,vnf; vGefpGmNzLpif\/ BuG , f & T i f o nf od k i f ; ynmvnf ; vH k ; 0 rwwf a Nrmuf a cs/ xd k Y aBumif Y BuG , f & T i f t m; bk & m;ausmif ; yd k i f usrf;*efpmayrsm;xm;&m yd!uwfwdkufwGifom oefY&Sif;a&;wm0ef,lap&onf/ BuG,f&Tifonf pdwfoabmxm; El;nYHaysmYaysmif;olyDyD rnfolu b,fodkYyifcdkif;cdkif; rNidKrNiif ulnDvkyfudkifay;wwf\/ odYk NzifY q&mwynfYEpS Of ;D onf wpfaeukef wpfaecef; a&S;acwftqufqufrS xde;f odr;f xm;cJYaom bk&m;\ usrf;*ef pmaypmtkyfrsm; tBum;wGifom tcsdefukef&awmY\/ BuG,f&Tifonf vGefpGm at;csrf;ol NzpfouJYodkY bk&m;a[m usrf;*efpmayrsm;udkvnf; vGefpGm BunfnKd ESpo f uf\/ xdYk aBumifY BuG,&f iT o f nf oefY&iS ;f a&;wm0efrsm;NyD;pD;csdew f iG f xdik í f usrf;pmtkyrf sm;udk pdwBf udKuf wpftkyfNyD;wpftkyf a&G;cs,f zwfaeavawmY\/ wpfaeYwGif BuG,f&Tifonf vGefpGm a&S;usaom usrf;pmtkyfwpftkyfudk xkwf,l zwfBunfYrdvdkuf\/ xdkusrf;pmtkyfrSm &dEGrf;aeNyDNzpf&m axmifaomif;ru ta&twGuf&dSaom usrf;*efpmtkyfrsm; tBum;wGif xdu k srf;pmtkyu f kd rnforl Q owdrxm;rdBuacs/ usrf;*ef\ ESpo f ufwrf;onfvnf; cefYreS ;f íyif r&Edik af vmufatmif a&S;usvGef;vSayonf/ BuG , f & T i f o nf ,if ; usrf ; pmtk y f u d k avYvmzwf & I & if ; tvG e f cuf c J e uf e J a om od k i f ; usrf ; pmtkyfwpftkyfNzpfaBumif;odvdkuf&\/ pmtkyf\ tnTef;wGifvnf; ,if;usrf;pmtkyfudk a&;om;NyKpkolrSm a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;awmfwGif odkif;ynmrsdK;apY csay;aom wm;rm;abmfwd q&mawmfBuD;udk,fwdkifNyKpkcJYaBumif; azmfnTef;xm;avonf/ wu,frl BuG,f&Tifonf odkif;ynm rwwfyGefvdkay/ vdkvm;ESpfoufNcif;vnf; r&dSay/ odkYaomf w&m;udkawmYrl vGefpGm usifYBuHtm;xkwfonf/ xdkYaBumifY BuG,f&Tifonf usrf;pmwGif a&;om;xm;aom odkif;usifYpOfrsm;udk tenf;i,frQom avYvmrSwfom;NyD; w&m;udkom usifYBuHtm;xkwfaeavonf/ wynfYNzpfol usef;qef;zkef;ukdvnf; rdrd usifYBuHtm;xkwfaom w&m;tm;xkwfenf;udk oifay;NyD; usifYBuHapavonf/ 12
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; wu,frl rdrdwdkY usifYBuHtm;xkwfaeaom usrf;pmyg w&m;tm;xkwfenf;rsm;rSm tvGeftqifYNrifYNyD; cufcJeufeJaom twGif;tm; odkif;usifYpOfwpf&yfNzpfaBumif; q&ma&m wynfYyg rodBuacs/ xdkYaBumifY q&mwynfYESpfOD; tcsdefESifYtrQ &uf&Snfvrsm; rqkwfrepf usifYBuHtm;xkwfvmaomtcg tvGefNynfY0aom twGif;tm;rsm; pkpnf;&&dSvmavawmYonf/ odkY&dSpOf vGefcJYaom oHk;ESpfcefYurl xdkwm;rmabmfwdusrf;udk a&Smif&Srf;qdkolESifY &DacgYqdkol ESpfOD;u bk & m;ausmif ; xJ o d k Y wd w f w qd w f 0 if í cd k ; ,l o G m ;\/ xd k o d k Y cd k ; ,l N cif ; cH & aBumif ; ud k BuG , f & T i f u ausmif;xdkifq&mawmftm; &dk;om;pGm avQmufxm; taBumif;Bum;vdkuf\/ xdkYaBumifY ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfu BuG,f&TifwdkY q&mwynfYESpfOD;tm; xdkolESpfa,mufaemufodkY vdkufí usrf;pmtkyfudk Nyefawmif;,l&ef apcdkif;vdkuf\/ q&mwynf Y E S p f O D ; onf a&S m if & rf ; ES i f Y &D a cgY w d k Y \ owif ; ud k pH k p rf ; &if ; aemuf q H k ; wG i f ig;ES p f w pf B ud r f odkif;avmuvHk;qdkif&m "m;a&;NydKifyGJBuD; usif;yavY&dSaom 0gqef;awmifay:odkY a&Smif&rf;ESifY &DacgYwdkY vma&mufBurnfNzpfaBumif; od&dSvdkuf&\/ od k Y N zif Y q&mwynf Y E S p f O D ; onf 0gqef ; awmif a y:od k Y v mcJ Y B u\/ awmif a y:od k Y a &muf a omtcg aumYvif;vif;\ zcif aumYcsif;ESifY rdcif ppf&kHwdkYudk awGYqHkum usdK;aBumif;pHkvif aNymNyvdkuf\/ aumYcsif;ESifY ppf&kHwdkYrSm NydKifpH&Sm;aom xdyfoD;odkif;orm;rsm;NzpfBu\/ odkYaom olwdkYZeD;armifESHonf BuG,f&Tifbkef;BuD;tm; tuJcwfvdkufrdaomtcg vGefpGm tHBooGm;Bu\/ taBumif;rl BuG,f&Tifonf odkif;uGufwpfuGufrQyifwwfuRrf;Ncif; r&dSaomfvnf; twGif;tm;url olwdkYxufyif NynfY0aeaBumif; odvdkuf&aomaBumifYyif Nzpf\/ aumYcsif;ESifY ppf&kHwdkYonf 0g&ifYodkif;ynm&Sifrsm; NzpfBuolrsm;Nzpfí wpfbufvl\ vrf;avQmuf[ef? vI y f & S m ;[ef ? rsuf v H k ; tBunf Y t m; ponf w d k Y u d k wpf c suf r QBunf Y v d k u f o nf E S i f Y xd k v l w G i f twG i f ; tm; tb,frQ&dSaBumif;cefYrSef;Edkifolrsm; Nzpf\/ aumYcsi;f ESiYf ppf&w kH Ykdonf orD;Nzpfol aumYvif;vif;tm; BuG,&f iT \ f twGi;f tm; taBumif;udk zGiYf [aNymcJYí aumYvif;vif; xdkpOfuyif odcGifY&cJY\/ aumYcsif;ESiYf ppf&w Hk Ykd onf BuG,&f iT \ f usdK;aBumif;aNymNycsufukd em;axmifNyD;aemuf csufcsif;yif a&Smif&rf;ESiYf &DacgYwdkYtm; zrf;csKyfvdkuf\/ a&Smif&rf;onfvnf;aumif;? &DacgYonfvnf;aumif; xdyfwef;odkif;orm;rsm; NzpfBuonf/ odkYaomf aumYcsif;ESifYppf&kHwdkY ZeD;armifESHESifY,SOfvdkufaomf vuf&nf uGmoGm;Nyefonf/ xdkYaBumifY olwdkYtm; tvG,fwul trdzrf;EdkifNcif;yif Nzpf\/ BuG , f & T i f o nf wm;rm;abmf w d usrf ; pmtk y f t aBumif ; ud k ol w d k Y tm; ar;Nref ; aomf ol w d k Y u bl;omuG,faeBu\/ olwdkYESpfOD;\ wpfudk,fvHk;tESYH &SmNyefaomfvnf; tpterQyif rawGYbJ aysmufNcif;rvS aysmufcgaeav\/ od k Y ES i f Y BuG , f & T i f w d k Y q&mwynf Y ES p f a ,muf o nf aemuf q H k ; wG i f pd w f y suf v uf y suf N zif Y a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;odkY NyefvmcJYBu&onf/ ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfonf usrf;pmtkyfNyefr&vmaBumif; odonfESifY BuG,f&Tiftm; ausmif;awmf\ pnf;urf;twdkif; tNypf'PfcwfvdkufavawmY\/ aumYvif;vif;onf usef;qef;zkef; aNymNyaom BuG,f&Tif\ NzpfaBumif;ukefpif taBumif;pHkudkpdwf0ifpm;pGm em;axmifNyD;aemuf oufNyif;csvsuf . . . ]]'DtwGufeJYyJ rif;&JYq&mawmfudk pum;aNymcGifY ydwfyif? oHBudK;eJYvJ csnfaESmif? oHyHk;BuD; ESpfyHk;eJYvJ a&tNynfYxnfYNyD; ycHk;ay:xrf;vdkY awmifatmuf awmifay: a&wGif;xJudk a&NznfYcdkif;wmyJvm;[if}} usef;qef;zkef;uNyHK;vsuf . . .
13
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; aumYvif;vif;u OD;acgif;cgí ]]wynfYawmfru olwdkYtrnfudkawmif rBum;zl;bl;? azaz eJY arar aNymoHvJ rBum;zl;bl;}} [lqufq&mawmfu qufí ]]'umrav; cefYrSef;BunfYprf;? 'Dpm b,fenf;b,fyHka&mufvmovJqdkwm}} aumYvif;vif;u ]]cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;qlu vlvTwfNyD; ay;ckdif;vdkufwmNzpfrSmaygY}} ]]r[kwfbl; 'umrav;? bkef;BuD;wdkY&JY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk 'Dvdk odkif;ynm zvS,fwmwdkY? pdefac:wmwdkYqdkwm rBumcP BuHKawGYae&wJY udpöyg? bkef;BuD;wdkYuawmY wwfEdkifoavmuf pdefac:vmoludk Niif;y,fvYkd&&if Niif;y,fvu kd w f ,f? azsmif;zsvYkd&&if azsmif;zsvu kd yf gw,f? bke;f BuD;wdYk u w&m;"r®uo kd m a[mBum;wJY yk*d¾KvfawGyg? olwpfxl;eJY cdkuf&efNzpfyGm;aevdkY b,fwifYw,fygYrvJ}} aumYvif;vif;u Bum;Nzwfí ]]'gvJ [kwfom;yJ}} ]]'gayr,fY wpfcsdKYodkif;orm; odkif;ynm&SifawG[m olwdkY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk a&mufvmvdkY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;u olwdkYudk vufpGrf;rNybl;qdk&if olwkdYu rauseyfbl;? rNyefBubl;? 'gaBumifYvJ bkef;BuD;tckOD;pD;aewJY vdk[efYausmif;wdkuf[m tJ'Dvdk vlrsdK;awGudk {nfYcHzdkYtwGuf wnfaqmufvdkuf&wmyJaygY}} aumYvif;vif;u &,farmvsuf . . . ]]vufpowfawmY q&mawmfBuD;u olrsm;eJY &efNzpfzdkY oufoufwm0ef,lxm;wmudk;}} [lqufq&mawmfu rJYNyHK;NyHK;um . . . ]]tdk . . . aNym&if;qdk&if; bkef;BuD;&JYpum;u OD;wnfcsufaNymif;oGm;NyD? 'Dpm&GuftaBumif; Nyefaumuf&atmif tck'Dpm&Gufudk vdk[efY ausmif;wdkufxJu e*g;Edkifvdk[efYqif;wk&kyf&JY vufxJuae &vmwmuG,fY}} aumYvif;vif;u tHYBooHNzifY . . . ]]b,folu qif;wkawmf&JY vufxJudk xnfYvdkufwmvJbk&m;}} ]]'D e*g;Ed k i f v d k [ ef Y bk & m;&k y f w k B uD ; u ayoH k ; q,f a vmuf N rif Y w muG , f Y ? 'D & k y f w k & J Y vuf x J u d k pm&GufwifzdkYqdkwmrvG,fbl;? bk&m;&kyfwk&JY udk,fawmfudk aq;aBumoefYpifzdkY twGufawmif avSum;BuD;awG axmifNyD;wuf&wm? tckvJ oefY&Sif;a&;vkyfzdkY avSum;axmifNyD; wufvdkufawmY 'Dpm&GufudkawGYwmyJ? 'gudkBunfYNcif;NzifY 'Dvl&JY odkif;ynm[m aygYao;ao;r[kwfbl;qdkwm cefYrSef;vdkY&w,f 'umrav;? 'gaBumifY 'Dvl[m odkif;avmurSmemrnfr&dSwJY odkif;orm;r[kwfEkdifbl;qdkwmudkvJ bkef;BuD;cefYrSef;vdkY&w,f 'umrav;? 'gaBumifY 'umrav;rsm; 'Dvludk odrvm;vdkY ar;BunfYwmyg}} aumYvif;vif;u q&mawmf\ qdkvdk&if;udk oabmaygufoGm;\/ xdkYaBumifY . . . ]]q&mawmfBuD;u 'D cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;ql[m wynfYawmfreJY ywfowfaew,fvdkYrsm; xifaeovm; bk&m;}} [lqufq&mawmfu NyHK;vsuf ]]'Dpmudk awGYwJYtcsdefeJY 'umrav; a&mufvmcsdefeJY wdkufqdkifBuHKBudKufaeawmY ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfu enf;enf;yg;yg;r,HkouFm NzpfoGm;cJYwmyg}} aumYvif;vif;ursufESmxm;udk BuKwfvsuf . . . ]]wynf Y awmf r 'D v l o H k ; a,muf u d k rod w mawmY trS e f y gbk & m;? 'D e mrnf u d k a wmif ck q&mawmfaNymNyrSBum;zl;wmygbk&m;? q&mawmfBuD;uaum olwdkYudk bmaBumufaezdkYvkdovJ? q,f&uftwGif; olwdkYvm&J&if vmBuyapaygY? tJ'DawmYrS ausmif;rSef;uefrSef; odatmif tpGrf;NyvkdufaygYbk&m;}} [lqufq&mawmfu rJYNyHK;NyHK;vsuf . . . ]]aBumufwmawmY wpfpufuav;rS raBumufygbl;? olwdkYu 'umrav;eJY bmrS rywfoufbl;qdkawmYvJ bkef;BuD; ydkNyD; pdwfcsoGm;&wmaygYav}}
15
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; aumYvif ; vif ; onf [l q uf q &mawmf \ apwemud k aumif ; pG m em;vnf v d k u f \ / tu,f í cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;ql[lonf aumYvif;vif;ESifY wpfpHkwpf&m ywfoufaevQif wu,fwrf; odkif;ynmtpGrf;Ny wdkufxkwf&aomtcg tm;wHkYtm;em; Nzpfae&ayrnf r[kwfygvm;/ ,ckrl aumYvif;vif;ESifY rnfodkYrQ rywfowfaBumif;odaomf [lqufq&mawmfonf pdwfcsoGm;&NyD Nzpfyg\/ aumYvif;vif;u qdkNyef\/ ]]q&mawmfBuD; olwdkYuom odkif;ynm zvS,fcsif&ifawmY ta&;rBuD;bl;aygYav/ wu,fvdkY olwdkYu txufpD;uaevmNyD; 0ifYBuGm;csifvm&ifawmY ususee qHk;rvTwfvdkufaygY/ 'Dpm&GufxJrSm a&;xm;wJY avoHudkBunfY&if tawmfudk 0ifYBuGm;r,fYyHkyJbk&m;}} aumYvif;vif;u a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;awmfbufrSaeí aNymaeonfudk awGYaomf [lqufq&mawmfu ]]a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;udk wnfaqmufcJwm ESpfaygif; wpfaxmifausmfoGm;ygNyD? b,folurS a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk tefwkvdkY r&ao;ygbl;? cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;qlu igwdkY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;eJY ,SOfNydKifcsifawmY igwdkYu olYpdwfqE´twdkif; vdkufavsm&awmYrSmaygY? 'DrSm 'umrav; aemufv0ufavmufqdk odkif;avmurSm taNzay:rSmyg? owif;om em;axmifaeayawmY? olwdkY igwdkY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk tHwkEdkifovm;qdkwmav}} aumYvif;vif;u tm;rmefwufBuGpGm aNymaom [lqufq&mawmf\ pum;udk em;axmifNyD;aemuf . . . ]]aumif;ygNyDbk&m;? wynfYawmfr owif;aumif;udk em;axmifaeygYr,f}}[k aNymNyD;vQif Nrif;ay:odkY NyefwufNyD; awmifatmufodkY qif;vmcJYavawmYonf/ vif;vif;onf c&D;ESif&if; pdwfxJrSvnf; pOf;pm;vm\/ ]]'DvdkNydKifyGJrsdK;u vufvTwfvdkY rNzpfbl;? wpfenf;enf;eJY BunfYNzpfatmif BuHOD;rSyJ? 'gayr,fY cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;ql trnfcHxm;wJY vlawGu wu,fodkif;ynmawmfcsifrSawmfrSm? wu,fvdkYom odkif;ynmrSm azaz? arar? bdk;bdk;wdkY&JY ynmwpf0ufeD;eD;avmuf 'DvlawGwwf&if 'DNydKifyGJuawmY [if; . . . wu,fYudk yGJBuD;yGJaumif;yJaygY}} vif;vif;onf xdNk ydKifyu JG kd vGepf mG pdw0f ifpm;Ncif;&daS omfvnf; tcGiYf tvrf;rlromygacs/ BunfYciG Yf BunfYvrf; pOf;pm;í ray:vmatmif Nzpfaeonf/ xdYk aBumifY pdwyf suyf su&f v Sd monfEiS Yf vrf;rS z,fBuOfum awmtkyx f o J Ykd Nrif;udk 'ke;f pdik ;f pD;NyD; t&dyaf umif;&m opfyifwpfyift&dyfwGif xdkifí tem;,laevdkuf\/ xdkpOf &kwfw&uf cyfvSrf;vSrf;awmtkyfxJrS vGefpGmom,maom BudK;wyf wl&d,m wpfrsdK;\ wD;cwfoHudk Bum;vd k u f & \/ vif ; vif ; onf xd k i f a e&mrS xNyD ; Nrif ; ud k csnf x m;vd k u f \ / xd k Y a emuf toH B um;&m cyfvSrf;vSrf;awmtkyftwGif;odkY avQmuf0ifoGm;ygonf/ awmtpyf opfyifrsm;tBum;rS vSrf;BunfYvdkufaomf tuÐstNzL0wfxm;aom a,mufsm;wpfa,mufonf olrtm;ausmcdkif;vsuf xdkifaeonfudk awGY&NyD; aygifay:wGif BudK;wyfwl&d,m wpfrsdK;udk wifum at;csrf;pGm wD ; cwf v suf & d S o nf u d k awG Y vd k u f & \/ vif ; vif ; tm; tH Y Boruk e f N zpf a paom Nrif u G i f ; url aus;iSufom&umrsm;wdkYonf xdkol\ ab;ywfvnfwGif 0dkif;aeBuNyD; aw;oHpOfudk vdkufí NrL;xl;aysmfyg;pGm uckefaeonfudk awGY&aomaBumifYyifNzpfonf/ ]]tif; 'Dvl&JY wl&d,mynmu w,fNrifYrm;ygvm;? araraNymNyzl;wJY rm*"aw;oH tqifYawmif a&mufaeNyDudk;}} trSefpifppf þ ]rm*"aw;oH}[laom aw;ynmrSm xdkaw;oHudk wD;cwfvdkufonfESifY iSufrsdK;pHkwdkYonf olwdkYESifYpum;aNymonfYtvm; wD;cwfolem;odkY ysH0Jem;cdkvmNyD; aw;oHpOftwdkif;Nyefí oDqdk wGefNrnfBuonfudk qdkvdkNcif;Nzpf\/
16
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; þynmrSm aw;*Dwwl&d,mynmwGif vGefpGmtqifYNrifYaom ynm&yfwpfcktNzpf owfrSwfxm;Buonf/ vif;vif;onf wl&d,m wD;cwfoHrsm;udk em;axmif&if;ai;armoGm;rd\/ aw;oHpOfrSmvnf; wNznf;Nznf;ESifY aBuuGJvGrf;armzG,foHpOfrsm;txD;usef tazmfrJYqefaom 0rf;enf;zG,fcHpm;csufoHpOfrsm;tNzpf ul;aNymif;vm\/ vif;vif;onf idkifai;pGm em;axmifae&mrS rsuf&nfrsm;pD;oG,fusvm&Smonf/ vif;vif;onf i,fcspfuRrf;udk vGrf;vmrd\/ wrf;w Nrifa,mifvmrdNyef\/ od k Y &d S p Of xd k v l u wl & d , m wD ; cwf N cif ; ud k &yf v d k u f \ ? NyD ; vQif t d w f x J r S usm;Aef ; wpf c k u d k xkwfNyD;wpfa,mufxnf;usm;a&TYaeawmY\/ odkYwpfa,mufwnf; usm;a&TYpOf wpfbufu ta&;edrfYvmoNzifY xdkvlu rsufarSmifukyfí tuGufa&GY&ef pOf;pm;aevdkuf\/ aumYvif;vif;onf opfyifrsm;tBum;rS uG,fí acsmif;aNrmif;BunfYae&mrS vGefpGm pdwf0ifpm;vmoNzifY EIwfrS vTwfceJ toHxGufoGm;rd\/ ]]bmNzpfvdkY [dktrnf;udk ab;wpfuGuf ra&TYvdkuf&wmvJ}} trS e f r l xd k v l o nf vif ; vif ; xuf u sm;a&T Y &mwG i f awmf v G e f ; ol N zpf \ / od k Y aomf eH a b;rS acsmif;aNrmif;BunfYaeaom vif;vif;u olxif&m aNymvdu k af om tuGuo f nf rarQmfvifYbJ tuGurf eS Nf zpfomG ;cJY\/ xdkvlu vif;vif;aNymonfYtwdkif; ab;wpfuGufudk a&TYvdkuf7m rBumcifrSmyif taNctae aNymif;oGm;NyD; trnf;vHk;bufrS tNzLvHk;udk tEdkif&oGm;avawmY\/ xdkvlu 0rf;omtm;&NzifY . . . ]]w,faumif;wJY tuGufygvm;}} xdkolu olYaemufwGif vl&dSonfudk owd&vdkuf\/ xdkYaBumifY vsifNrefpGm aemufbufodkY vSnfYí ]]b,fu q&mBuD;vJ aus;Zl;NyKNyD; xGufcJYygvm;}} [k atmfaNymvdkuf\/ xdkvl\ toHu BoZm&dSvS\/ toufrSmrl oHk;q,fausmfcefYom &dSOD;rnf NzpfNyD; rsufESmoGifNyifu ydefydefvsvsyif Nzpfyg\/ vif;vif;u yGifYvif;olNzpf&m csufcsif;opfyifBum;rS xGufcJY\/ NyD; NyHK;vsuf . . ]]apmapmwkef;u &Sif usm;xdk;aewmukd uRefraESmifY,Sufrdwm awmif;yefygw,f? uRefru &SifY rm*"aw;oHvuf&mudk Bum;vdkuf&vdkY pdwfrxdef;EdkifNzpfNyD; 'Dbufudk a&mufvmwmyg}} xdkvlu olYwl&d,moHudk vif;vif; oabmaygufem;vnfaBumif;od&oNzifY vGefpGmoabmusoGm;\/ ]]‘cifAsm;u wl&d,mynmeJYywfoufvdkY tawmfoduRrf;wmyJ? usKyfudk wpfyk'favmufwD;Nyygvm;Asm}} vif;vif;u vsifNrefpGm vufumNyNyD; . . . ]]uRefr araruawmY 'Dvdk wl&d,mwD;cwfwm odyfawmfygw,f? uRefrudkvJoifay;ygw,f? 'gayr,fY uRefru tysif;BuD;awmY bmrS rnfrnf && rwwfbl;&SifY}} xdkvlu vif;vif;\ uav;qefaom yGifYvif;&dk;om;aom pum;udk Bum;aomf&,farmaevdkuf\/ xdkvlonf vif;vif;\ &if;ESD; yGifYvif;aom pdwfoabmxm;udk vGefpGm oabmusoGm;Ncif;yifNzpfonf/ vif;vif;onf xdkoludk EIwfqufNyD;aemuf xdkae&mrS xGufvmcJYNyefav\/
17
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkYaomf rBumrDtcsdefwGif awmifay:bufqDrS Nrif;cGmoHrsm;Bum;&NyD; apmapmu vloHk;a,muf Nyefqif;vmonfudk awGYvkduf&\/ vif;vif;u tHYBovsuf . . . ]][,f . . . b,fYES,fvkyf 'DvloHk;a,mufu 'Davmuf NrefNrefNyefqif;vm&wmvJ? 'DvloHk;a,mufu wu,fYudk nYHvdkY csufcsif;Nyefqif;vm&wmvm;}} xdkNrif;oHk;pD; vloHk;a,mufonf vif;vif;em;ae&m Z&yfa&SYodkY a&mufonfESifY Nrif;ay:rS qif;vdkufNyD; Z&yfxJodkY0ifumtem;,laevdkuf\/ vif;vif;u xdkvloHk;a,muftm; teD;uyfí aocsmpGmtuJcwf BunfYcGifY&vdkuf\/ yxrwpfa,mufrSm t&yfykyk? rsmufESmeD&JNyD; wpfcsdefvHk;NyHK;&,fae\/ vGefpGmoabmaumif;rnfYyHkyif/ aemufwpfOD;rSm 0g;vHk;uJYodkY ao;oG,faom udk,fvHk;&SdNyD; rsufESmurl wpfcsdefvHk;vdkvdkyif wif;rmxm;\/ ol\ NzLaomtom;wGif tpdrf;a&mift&dyfaiGY ysYHxGufaeouJYyif/ xdkvludk BunfY&onfrSmyif wpfESpfwmywfvHk; aea&mifESiYfyif xdawGY&[ef rwlacs/ aemufqHk;wpfOD;url rsufESmoGifNyifxl;Ncm;rIr&dS/ oYdkaomf rsufESmNyifta&mifrSm 0gxdefvsuf a&m*gonfESifY wlaeavonf/ vif;vif;onf xdkvloHk;a,muftm; tuJcwfNyD;aemuf apmapmu a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;rS aqmvQifpGm Nyefqif;vmaom tNzpfudk tHYBord&if; ar;vdkufonf/ ]]q&mBuD;wdkY oHk;OD;u a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udka&mufcJYwmvm;/ bmNzpfvdkY apmapm0ifoGm;NyD; csufcsif;Nyefqif;vm&wmvJ}} pdrf;NymNym rsufESm&Sifu vif;vif;tm; rsufapmif;wpfcsufcJBunfYvdkuf\/ vif;vif;ar;Nref;onfudk oabmrus[efyifNzpfyg\/ odkYaomf rsufESmeDNref;aeaomolu NyHK;vsuf . . . ]]uav;ru b,fYES,fvkyf usKyfwdkY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;oGm;w,fqdkwm odwmvJ}} ]]'Duae wufoGm;&if a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udkyJ a&mufrSmaygY? a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udkroGm;vkdY b,foGm;&rSmvJ}} xdkolu acgif;ndwfvsuf . . ]]at; rdef;uav;aNymwm rSefw,f? rdef;uav;uaum b,foGm;rvdkYvJ}} ]]uRefrvJ a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk oGm;rvdkYyJaygY}} xdkpOf rsufESmpdrf;Nyma&mifESifYvlu &kwfw&uf0ifí . . . ]]a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;xJudk rdef;r ray;0ifbl;? tNyifvlawGvJ vufeufeJY rvm&bl;}} xdkolYavoHu armufrmvSNyD; pum;aNympOf vif;vif;udk rBunfYbJ tay:odkYom acgif;armYNyD; aNymae\/ vif;vif;\ &ifxJwGif AavmifqloGm;\/ ]]'Dr,f &SifwdkY usawmYaum bmNzpfvdkY vufeufaqmifvm&wmvJ}} rsufESmpdrf;NymESifY vluyif toHrmrmNzifY ]]rif;u wdkYeJYvmNyD; EdIif;vdkY&rvm;}} vif;vif;u rJYNyHK;NyHK;í ]]&S i f w d k Y oH k ; a,muf u bmrd k Y vd k Y 'D a vmuf a wmif 0if Y BuG m ;ae&wmvJ ? cG e f ; vG e f b k & m;oH k ; ql u a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;ubkef;Bud;awGeJY ,SOfNydKifcJYNyD;NyDr[kwfvm;? tck b,folEkdifw,f b,fol&IH;w,fqdkwm taNzrod&ao;bJeJY}} xdkvloHk;a,mufonf rarQmfvifYbJ vif;vif;\EIwfrS cGef;vGefbk&m;okH;ql[laom trnfudk aNymoHBum;aomf csufcsif;rsufESmysufoGm;Bu\/ rsufESmeDESifYvlu ]]rdef;uav;u b,fYES,fvkyf bk&m;oHk;ql&JY udpöudk od&wmvJ}} aumYvif;vif;u bkqwfqwftoHNzifY . . . ]]bmNzpfvdkY rod&rSmvJ}} rsufESmpdrf;Nyma&mif&dSolonf &kwfw&uf a&SYwpfvSrf;wdk;vm&if; atmfar;onf/ ]][JY . . . uav;r rif;&JYemrnfu bmvJ? b,foYl wynfYv?J bmudpö 'Da&Smifvifb&k m;ausmif;udk vm&wmvJ}} vif;vif;u &ifudkawmY acgif;udkarmYí . . . 19
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]&SifeJY bmqdkifvdkY ar;ae&wmvJ}} pdrf;Nyma&mif rsufESm&Sif a'golykefxoGm;onf/csufcsif; vufwpfcsuf vIyf&Sm;vdkufNyD; vif;vif;\ cg;wGifcsdwfxm;vdkufaom "m;udk qGJ,lvdkufonf/ xdkol\ vIyf&Sm;rIrSm vGefpGmvsifNrefvSay&m vl&dyfwpfck vIyf&Sm;vdkufonfudkom vif;vif;Nrifvdkuf&NyD; "m;rSm xdkvlYvufxJygoGm;av\/ vif;vif;wpfoufwGif wpfcsufwnf;ESifY "m;vkcH&Ncif;rSm þwpfBudrf yxrqHk;aomtBudrfyifNzpf\/ vif;vif;onf ynmydkif;qdkif&mwGif þolawGESifY r,SOfEdkifrSef;odaomfvnf; tcJrl rausEdkif/ xdkvlu atmfí . . . ]]uJaNymprf;? rif;b,fES,Yfvkyf cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;ql taBumif;udkod&wmvJ?aNzprf; NrefNref}} vif;vif;u csufcsif;raNz/ pdwfxJrSmvnf; ]]'if; igYudk acsmufwdkif; igu aBumuf&rSmwJYvm;? trSefqdk 'Dar;cGef;udk igaNzvdkY &om;yJ? 'if;u igYudk 'Dvdkatmfaigufar;av igu raNzavbJ}} odkYNzifY vif;vif;onf xdkoltm; NyefvnfpdkufBunfYvdkufNyD; ]]&SifYvdk &rf;um;wJY vlrsdK;udk uRefrwpfoufrNrifzl;bl;? uRefr&JY "m;udk cdk;,l&Hkrubl;? uRefrudkvnf; atmfvm;?aigufvm; vkyfao;w,f ? aeygOD; &Sifu b,fN*dKvfu qif;vmwJY ewfqdk; bDvl;BuD;vJ}} vif;vif;taNymaBumifY rsufESmpdrf;Nyma&mifESifY vlonf vnfacsmif;rS wukuk toHNrnfvm\/ xdktoHrSm wd&pämefodk;wpfaumif vnfacsmif;eifaomtoHrskdK;yifNzpf\/ xdktcsdefwGif xdkvl\ &ifbwfuvnf; wpfqcefY azmif;um;í wufvm\/ qHyifvnf; tvdkvdkaxmifvmonf/ rsufESmeDNref;aomvlu Bum;Nzwfí ]]nDav; a'go odyfrBuD;ygeJY}} [k owday;vdkufNyD; wpfqufwnf;wGif vif;vif;\ vufudkqGJí cyfvSrf;vSrf;odkY ckefxGufvdkuf\/ oludk,fwdkifurl rsufESmpdrf;Nyma&mifESifY vif;vif;wdkYtBum;wGif &yfaevdkuf\/ vif;vif;onf rsufESmpdrf;Nyma&mifvl\ oGif[efudkNrif&aomf tenf;i,fwkefvIyfoGm;rd\/ tu,fí xdkvlwdkufcdkufvmvQif tvGefNyif;xefrnfrSm aocsmonf[k vif;vif;pOf;pm;rd\/ xdpk Of rsufEmS pdr;f NymESiYf vlu vif;vif;\ "m;udk "m;tdrrf S qGx J w k v f u kd Nf yD; teD;&daS usmufw;kH wpfw;kH ay:odYk ]awmuf} ceJxufydkif;usdK;atmif &dkufcsdK;vkdufonf/ NyD;xdkolu "m;usdK;udk "m;tdrfxJ NyefxnfY&if; . . . ]]'DrSm b,folu rif;&JY toHk;ruswJY "m;udk vdkcsifvdkYvJ aNymprf;}} vif;vif;ydkí wkefvIyfoGm;rd\/ pdwfxJrSvnf; . . . ]]olYvuftm;u bdk;bdk;&JY vuftm;udk rrDao;ayr,fY aBumufp&mawmY aumif;w,f? 'Dvufacsmif;eJY udk,fay:udkom wpfcsuftxdk;cHvdkuf&&if raoawmif 'Pf&mNyif;Nyif;xefxef&rSm aocsmw,f}} rsufESmpdrf;NymESifYvlurl acsmufcsm;oGm;[ef ay:vGifaeaom vif;vif;\ rsufESmudkBunfY&if; auseyfpGm &,farmaeav\/ xdkpOf &kwfw&uf Z&yfacgifrdk; aygufuGJoGm;NyD; t&m0w¬Kwpfck NyKwfusvm\/ xdkt&m0w¬Kudk tm;vHk;BunfYvdkufBuaomf vlvwfydkif;wpfOD;Nzpfae\/ xdkolonf BudK;wyfwl&d,mwpfckudk udkifxm;NyD; wifysOfacGvsuf NyHK;aeonfudk awGYvdkuf&\/ vif;vif;onf xdkvludk Nrifvdkuf&onfESifY vGefpGmtm;wufoGm;\/ ]]aBomf . . . &SifvJ a&mufvmwmudk;}} xdkvlu NyHK;vsuf acgif;ndwfNy\/ trSefrl xdkolonf aus;iSufrsm;udk uckefatmif wl&d,mNzifY pGrf;aqmifEdkifaom vif;vif; Nrifzl;onfYolyif Nzpfyg\/ xdkolu NyHK;vsufrS ]]rdef;uav; rif;emrnf b,fvkdac:ovJ}}[kar;\/ ]]uRefremrnf aumYvif;vif;yg}} xkdolu . . . ]]igYemrnfuawmY [dkusL;awmuf}}
20
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21
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; vif;vif;u pdwf&Snfvuf&Snf &Sif;Nyaom [dkusL;awmufpum;udk em;axmifNyD;aemuf . . . ]]'Dvdkqdk&if &Sifu b,fvdkaBumifY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;eJY odkif;ynmcsif; ,SOfNydKifzdkY pma&;ay;&wmvJ}} [dkusL;awmufu NyHK;vsuf . . . ]]'Dudpöu apmapmu [dkvloHk;a,mufu pwJYudpöyJ? 'DvloHk;a,mufu a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;&JY vl 0 wf w ynf Y a wG a v? vl 0 wf w ynf Y q d k w mu ol w d k Y u bk e f ; BuD ; r0wf b J e J Y a&S m if v if b k & m;ausmif ; rS m odkif;ynmoifwmudk aNymwmuG,fY? olwkdYu qD;&de,fu a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;u vlawG? olwdkY&JY q&mBuD;awGu 'D [dek efu a&Smifvifb&k m;ausmif;u *dP k ;f csKyfq&mBuD;eJY t,ltquGv J Ykd wpfa,mufwpfe,f aeBuwmwJY? 'gayr,fY olwdkYuawmY olwdkY[m a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;uyJvdkY cH,lxm;w,f? olwdkYoHk;a,mufu vrf;c&D;rSm igeJYwdk;w,f? igu "m;a&;? wl&d,m? usm;xdk;ynmrSm oHk;rsdK;pvHk; odyfawmfvdkY cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;qlvdkY emrnfay;cH&wmudk olwdkY rauseyfbl;? olwdkYu "m;a&;rSm olwdkY a&Smifvif*dkPf;&JY bm;rm"m;odkif;uGufudk b,f*dkPf;urS rrDbl;wJY? 'geJY igu olwdkYoHk;a,mufeJY ,SOfNydKifawmY oHk;a,mufpvHk; ta&;edrfYoGm;w,f? 'gawmif olwdkYu rauseyfao;bJ igYudkolwdkY&JY a&Smifvif*dkPf;csKyf&dS&m vmzdkY pdefac:vdkufw,fuG,fY? igvJ &DacgY awmif;wJY tultnDtwGuf 'Dudk vm&r,fY twlwl a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;&JY odkif;ynmudkyg avYvmBunfYr,fqdkNyD; pma&; pdefac:vdkufwmyJ}} xdktcg vif;vif;u&,fvsuf . . . ]]tdk; . . . [dk; . . . vufpowfawmY 'Dvdkudk;}} ]][kwfw,f? a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;u yk*d¾KvfawGeJY igeJY wpfa,mufrS rodbl;uG,fY? 'DawmY rif; igeJY twlwl vdkufcJYygvm;}} vif;vif; rsufarSmifukyf pOf;pm;NyD;aemuf . . . ]]a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;u pnf;urf;awG odyfrsm;wm&SifY? rdef;uav;awG bk&m;ausmif;xJ r0if&bl;av}} ]]xGD . . . 'gu bmpnf;rsOf;vJ? vm igwdkY cyfwnfwnfwufoGm;r,f? olwdkY igwdkYudk owf&J&ifowf}}
23
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ,if;aemufwGifawmY yg;a&em;a& wGefYvsuf Z&mcsOf;aeNyD Nzpfaom oufawmfckepfq,fausmfbkef;BuD; ckepfyg;? xdkbkef;BuD;ckepfyg;xJwGif oufawmf udk;q,fausmf bkef;BuD;wpfyg;vnf;ygav\/ ,if;bke;f BuD;rsm;rSm pif;xdik af usmif;wdu k rf S 0gBuD;bke;f awmfBuD;ckepfyg;NzpfNyD; wcsdKY odik ;f ynmvGepf mG awmfNyD; wcsdKYrl odkif;ynmvHk;0rwwfacs/ bk&m;w&m;om udkif;&dIif;vsuf w&m;"r®rsm;om usifYBuHtm;xkwfaom bk e f ; awmf B uD ; rsm; Nzpf o nf / ,if ; 0gawmf B uD ; bk e f ; BuD ; rsm;ud k r l a&S m if v if b k & m;ausmif ; \ ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;uyif &dkaoav;pm;&ayonf/ aemufqHk;rS BuGNref;vmaom bkef;awmfBuD;rsm;rSm a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ ausmif;xdkifq&mawmf xif;rif? wm;rmausmif;wdkufq&mawmf [l&SefY? vdk[efY ausmif;wdkufq&mawmf [lqufwdkYyif Nzpfyg\/ bke;f awmfBuD;tm;vH;k \ aemufwiG rf l apmapmu a&Smifvifb&k m;ausmif;ay: wufomG ;aom vlo;kH a,mufu vdkufygvm\/ a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ ordkif;wGif þuJYodkY BuD;us,fcrf;em;pGm Nyifyvlrsm;tm; BudKqdkNcif;onf rxrOD;qHk;tBudrfyif Nzpfonf/ taBumif;rl qD;&de,frS a&Smifvif*dkPf;om; oHk;a,muf\ aNymNycsuft& cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;qlrSm vGefpGm od k i f ; ynmNrif Y rm;aBumif ; od & í þuJ Y od k Y txl ; Nyif q if v d k u f & Ncif ; yif Nzpf \ /,if ; aBumif Y vnf ; a&S m if v if b k & m;ausmif ; \ ausmif ; xd k i f q &m xif ; rif u 0gawmf B uD ; q&mawmf ck e pf y g;ud k y g yifYaqmifvmNcif;Npzfonf/ taBumif;rl tu,fí cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;qltm; ,SOfNydKifí &IH;erfYcJYaomf þ0gawmfBuD; bkef;awmfBuD; ckepfyg;udkyiftm;udk;&awmYrnf r[kwfygvm;/ ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD; xif;rifonf [dkusL;awmufESifY vif;vif;wdkYtm; awGYaomf . . . ]]'umBuD;u cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;ql xifyg&JY}} [kpwifí EIwfqufav\/ [dkusL;awmufvnf; q&mawmftm; t&dktaoay;NyD;aemuf ]]wynfYawmfu [dkusL;awmufyg bk&m;? tckvdkvmNyD; taESmuft,Sufay;rdwm pdwfraumif;yg bk&m;}} [dkusL;awmuf\ tNyKtrl aNymqdkyHk[efudk tuJcwfí ausmif;xdkifq&mawmf xif;rif\ pdwfxJrS ]]'D v l u trl t &m taNymtqd k &nf r G e f o m;yJ ? NyD ; awmY ol Y Bunf Y &wm touf o H k ; q,f a usmf av;q,favmufyJ&dSOD;r,f? 'DawmY olY&JY twGif;tm;u b,favmufNrifYrm;EdkifrSmvJ}}[k awG;rd\/ odkYNzifY ausmif;xdkif q&mawmfBuD;u ]]'umBuD; usKyfwdkYudk bmrS tm;wHkYtm;em rNzpfygeJY? ausmif;xJudk BuGNyD; vufzuf&nfBurf;av; oHk;aqmifygOD;? 'Du 'umrav;awmY . . .}} q&mawmfu vif;vif;tm; tm;emaeyHk&\/ xdkYaBumifY pum;rqufcJY? þrQom &yfvdkuf\/ q&mawmf\ rsufEmS wGif wu,fvnf; aNym&cuf? raNym&cuf trlt&mrsdK; ay:vGiaf e\/ xdYk aBumifY [du k sL;awmufu &kww f &uf &,farmvsuf . . . ]]ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;bk&m;? wynfYawmf 'DaeY 'Dausmif;awmfudk a&mufvmwmu vlwpfa,muf&JY tultnD awmif;cHcsufeJY a&mufvmwmyg bk&m;? wynfYawmifudk rSmBum;vdkufwJY tJ'Dvl&JY pum;udk aNymNyNyD;wmeJY wynfYawmfNyefrSmygbk&m;? 'gayr,fY q&mawmfBuD;wdkYu tckvdk a,mufsm;? rdef;rcGJNcm;NyD; qufqHwmudkawmY wynfYawmf rESpfoufygbk&m;? bk&m;&Sif udk,fawmfNrwfBuD;[m vlowå0gtaygif;udk wnDwnmwpfaNy;wnf; u,fwifapmifYa&Smufwmyg? 'gaBumifYrdkY ckvdk a,mufsm;rdef;rcGJNcm;wmu bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfNzpf&JY ynwfawmfeJY rudkufnDbl;vdkY xifygw,f bk&m;}} ausmif;xdkifq&mawmf xif;rifonf w&m;"r®rsm;udk od&dSeuf&dIif;pGm em;vnfaom yk*¾dKvfBuD;Nzpfí [dkusL;awmuf\ pum;udkBum;vwfaomf NyHK;vsuf . . . ]]'umBuD;&JY pum;udkbkef;BuD; oabmaygufygNyD? bkef;BuD;wdkYu a,mufsm;? rdef;rudk xyfcGJNcm;ae&ifawmY bkef;BuD;wdkYu oabmxm; ao;&musrSmaygY? aumif;NyDav 'umrav; vif;vif;vJ bk&m;ausmif;xJudk 0ifa&mufvmzdkY zdwfac:ygw,f}} vif;vif;u [dkusL;awmuftm; wpfcsufrQBunfYí NyHK;vdkuf\/ pdwfxJrSvnf; ]]rif;&JY yg;pyfu pum;aNymwwfom;yJ? 'Dpmwwf aywwf yk*d¾KvfBuD;udkawmif Edkifatmif aNymEdkifw,f}} [k csD;usL;aerd\/ 25
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkYaemufwGif ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD; xif;rifu eHab;odkY a&Smifay;NyD; [dkusL;awmufESifY vif;vif;tm; twGif;odkY ac:&efNyKpOf &kwfw&uf xif;rifq&mawmf\ eHab;em;rS ydefydefyg;yg; bkef;awmfBuD; wpfyg;u a&SYwpfvSrf;wufvmNyD; ]]'umBuD;&JY pum;wpfcGef;eJY bkef;BuD;wdkY&JY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif; pnf;rsOf;udk zsufodrf;zdkYqdkwm rNzpfbl;awmY r[kwfygbl;? 'gayr,fY 'Dvdk pum;aNymwJYvlu b,favmuf tpGrf;tp&dSw,fqdkwmudkawmY bkef;BuD;wkdYu odcsifw,f? 'gaBumifY 'umBuD; [dkusL;awmufu bkef;BuD;wdkYudk wpfuGufavmuf vufpGrf;Nyyg}} ydefydefyg;yg; bkef;BuD;rSm wNcm;r[kwf? wm;rmausmif;wdkuf\ q&mawmfBuD; [l&SefYyifNzpfyg\/ q&mawmf B uD ; \ toH r S m us,f a vmif v S N yD ; Bum;ol w d k i f ; \ em;xJ w G i f rk e f w d k i f ; qif o vk d w[kef;[kef;Nrnf[def;oGm;ap\/ twGif;tm;odkif;ynm NrifYrm;vSaBumif; odomvS\/ vif;vif;u [lqufq&mawmf\ rsufESmwGif pdk;&drfylyefaom trlt&may:aeonfudk Nrifaomf pdwfxJwGif ]][lqufq&mawmfu pdwfoabmxm;aumif;xJY yk*d¾KvfyJ? aemufNyD; igeJYvJ odyf&if;ESD;wm? wu,fvdkY [dkusL;awmufu igYtwGufeJY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;eJY wdkufcdkufrd&ifawmY b,fbufuyJ &IH;&IH; igYwpfouf pdwfaumif;EdkifawmYrSm r[kwfbl;}} [kkawG;aerd\/ ,if;aBumifYvif;vif;u . . . ]]tpf u d k B uD ; [d k u sL;awmuf ? uRef r ausmif ; 0if ; xJ u d k vd k u f r oG m ;&vJ ta&;rBuD ; ygbl ; ? &SifyJausmif;0if;xJ0ifNyD; aNymNyp&mpum;awG aNymvdkufaygY ? uJ &SifyJoGm;vkdufyg}} xdkodkY aNymNyD; [dkusL;awmuftm; vufndSK;xdk;vsuf ]]'gu [lqufq&mawmfav? uRefr&JY tcifrifqHk;q&mawmfaygY? tckudpötwGuf wpfzufeJY wpfzuf pdwfrNidKNiifBuygeJYaemf}}[kqdk\/ [dkusL;awmuf wpfcsufrQ aBumifvsuf . . . ]]aBomf 'Dvdkvm;}} [k qdkNyD; ausmif;xdkifq&mawmf xif;riftm; . . . ]]ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;bk&m;? q&mawmfBuD;&JY ausmif;rSm BuG,f&TifqdkwJY q&mawmf&dSygovm;? vlwpfa,muf&JY rSmBum;csuft& 'DudkvmNyD; tJ'Dq&mawmfeJY pum;pNrnf tenf;tusOf;aNymcsifvdkYyg}} xif;rifq&mawmfu toHwdk;wdk;NzifY a&&Gwfrd\/ ]]BuG,f&Tifq&mawmf}} trSefrl BuG,f&Tifq&mawmfrSm a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;wGif vHk;0emrnfr&dSaom tnw& udk,fawmfNzpf\/ BuG,f&Tifonf ESpfaygif;av;ig;q,ftwGif; usrf;*efpmay tcef;xJwGifom arGYavsmfNyD; bk&m;usrf;pmrsm;udkom BudK;yrf;ukwfavYvmzwf&IcJY\/ tNcm;aom taBumif;rsm;wGif BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf vHk;0pdwfr0ifpm;cJYacs? xdkYaBumifY BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf\ bGJYtrnfudk todenf;BuNcif; Nzpfonf/ ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfonf twefBum pOf;pm;NyD;aemuf ]]aBomf . . . [dk . . . usrf;pmtkyfawGudk xdef;odrf; apmifYa&SmufwJYbkef;BuD;vm;? 'umBuD; tck olYudkvmawGYwmu [dk wmrmabmfwd q&mawmfa&;wJY usrf;pmtkyfeJY ywfoufaevdkYvm;}} [k [kdusL;awmuftm; ar;onf/ [dkusL;awmufu acgif;cgvsuf . . . ]]'gawmY wynfYawmfvJ rodbl; bk&mY}} xif;rifq&mawmfu bkef;BuD;wpfyg;tm; . . . ]]BuG,f&Tifudk ac:vmcJYprf;}} [k rdefYrSmvdkuf\/ ]]wifygY bk&m;}} xdkbkef;BuD;u xGufoGm;pOf [l&SefYq&mawmfu 0ifí ]]'umBuD;u bke;f BuD;ausmif;udk BuHKawmifYBuHKcJ a&mufvmwmyJ? a&mufwek ;f a&mufcu kd f odik ;f uGuf wpfuu G f ESpfuGufavmufNyygvm;uG,fY}} [dkusL;awmufu acgif;cg ,rf;vsuf . . . ]]'Du rdef;uav; aNymNyD;NyDyJ? wynfYawmfu t&Sifbk&m;wdkY&JY tNidKtNiifudk vHk;0rcH,lvdkygbl; bk&m;}} 26
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkYaomf [l&SefYq&mawmfonf tvdkvdk a'goxGufae\/ pdwfxJwGif . . . ]]rif;u igwdkYudk pma&;NyD;awmYvJ pdefac:ao;w,f? tckusawmY bmvdkY aemufqkwfcsifNyefNyDvJ? rif;u igwdkY a&Smifvif*dkPf;&JY *dkPf;cGJwynfYoHk;a,mufudk tEdkif,lcJYNyD;rS tck rNydKifawmYbl;qdk&if rif;u odkif;avmuudk igwdkY a&Smifvif*dkPf;uvlu rif;udk &IIH;ygw,fvdkY owif;vTifYrSmaygY? 'Daumifudk omrefbkef;BuD;eJY vTwfvdkYawmY r&bl;? igudk,fwdkif xGufBuJrSyJ}} [k awG;vdkuf\/ odkYNzifY [l&SefYq&mawmfonf a&SYwpfvSrf;wdk;NyD; ]]odkif;ynmcsif; ,SOfNydKifwmyJ ? wpfa,mufudk wpfa,muf bmrS NidKNiifaezdkY rvdkygbl;? 'umBuD; rNiif;ygeJY}}[k rodrompdefac:vdkuf\/ xdkYaemuf wmrmausmif;wdkufrS bkef;BuD;rsm;bufodkY vSnfYum . . . ]]"m;,lcJYprf;? igwdkYu "m;bk&m;&JY "m;odkif;b,favmuftpGrf;xufw,fqdkwm BunfYBu&atmif}} a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;wGif vufeufrsdK;pHk&dS&m csufcsif;yif "m;rsm;udk ,lxkwfvm\/ [l&SefYq&mawmfu oHk;acsmif;udk a&G;cs,fí [dkusL;awmufa&SY csxm;&if;ar;onf/ ]]'umBuD;rSm "m;ygvmovm;? 'grSr[kwf 'D"m;awGudkoHk;rSmvm;}} [dkusL;awmufu "m;udkr,l? aNray:rS ausmufcJwpfvHk;udkom aumuf,lvdkufNyD; bk&m;ausmif;0if;a&SY&dS ausmufNyifcsyfBuD;wGif wpfcsufNcif;a&;Ncpfaevdkuf\/ cPcsif;yif ausmufNyifcsyfBuD;wGif BuD;rm;aomusm;Aef;uGufBuD;wpfck a&;NcpfNyD; NzpfoGm;onf/ xdkausmufNyifcsyfBuD;rSm a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;wnfaqmufpOfu cif;xm;aom ausmufNyifBuD;Nzpf\/ ausmufom;rSm vGefpGmrmausmNyD; ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm BumcJYonfYwdkif vHk;0 vdIufpm;Ncif;r&dSacs/ ,ck [d k u sL;awmuf u trS w f r xif ausmuf c J a v;wpf v H k ; ES i f Y xd k a usmuf N yif c syf B uD ; ay:wG i f usm;uGufrsOf;aBumif; a&;vdkufNcif;rSm ol\ euf&Idif;vSaom twGif;tm;udk NyovdkufNcif;yif Nzpfonf[k em;vnfvdkufBu\/ xdkpOf [dkusL;awmufu NyHK;vsuf . . . ]]"m;odkif;ynm,SOfNydKifw,fqdkwmu odyfNyD; Burf;wrf;vGef;ygw,f? wl&d,mNydKif&ifvJ t&IH;tEdkifNydKifvdkY r&bl;? 'gaBumifY bkef;BuD;u 0goemyg&if usm;wpfyGJ xdk;Bu&atmif}} [k qdkvdkuf\/ [dkusL;awmuf\ twGiftm;odkif;rsm;udk awGYvwfaomf xif;rif? [l&SefY? [lquf q&mawmfBuD;rsm;tNyif 0gawmfBuD;q&mawmfBuD; ckepfyg;wdkYyg rsufESmawmf ysufoGm;Bu&\/ ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD; xif;rifrl þausmif;awmfxJ&Sd rnfolrqdk [dkusL;awmuf\ euf&Idif;vSaom twGi;f tm;ynmudk r,SONf ydKifEikd af Bumif; odvu kd o f nfEiS Yf [du k sL;awmuftm; tEdik af y;aBumif; zGiYf [aBunmrnfNyKpOf? &kwfw&uf oHBudK;oHtqufrNywfBum;vdkuf&NyD; BuG,f&TifrSm oHyHk;BuD;ESpfyHk;udk xrf;vsufavQmufvmonfudk awGYvdkuf&\/ BuG,f&TifaemufwGifrl vli,fwpfa,mufygvm\/olum; usef;qef;zkef;/ BuG,f&TifESifY usef;qef;zkef;onf ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;a&SYodkY avQmufoGm;NyD; q&mawmfBuD;tm; t&dktaoay;vdkufBu\/ xif;rifq&mawmfBuD;u BuG,f&Tiftm; ]]'umBuD; [dkusL;awmufu rif;udk awGYcsifvdkYwJY rif;eJY pum;aNymp&m&dSw,fwJY}} [k pwif qdkavonf/ BuG,&f iT u f [du k sL;awmuftm; wpfcsuv f rS ;f BunfYvu kd \ f / odYk aomf [du k sL;awmufukd BuG,&f iT rf od/ odYk aomf tvdkufoifYyif . . . ]]'DrSm 'um? bkef;BuD;u BuG,f&TifygyJ? 'umBuD;u bmrsm;rSmBum;p&m &dSovJ}} [kar;avonf/ [dkusL;awmufrlum; usm;Aef;udk a&;NcpfNyD;Nzpfí tNcm;bmudkrQ pdwfr0ifpm;awmYacs/ usm;xdk;&ef tm;&kHpl;a&mufae\/,if;aBumifY olYudk usm;bk&m;[k trnfay;BuNcif;Nzpf\/olu ]]OD;yOöif;udk aNym&rnfYpum;udk aemufrSyJ aNymygYr,f? tckb,fol wynfYawmfeJY usm;xdk;rvJ? xGufcJYyg}} [k pdefac:vdkuf\/ trSefrl [dkusL;awmufonf odkif;ynm&yfudk xkwfazmfBuGm;0gaeNcif; r[kwfyg/ usm;udkom xdk;&ef qE´Nyif;NyvGef;aeoNzifY tNcm;udpörsm;udk arYaysmufaeNcif;yifNzpf\/ 27
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xif;rifq&mawmfu . . . ]]'umBuD; twGif;tm; odkif;ynm 'DavmufNrifYrm;aewmudk bkef;BuD;wdkY 'DwpfcgyJawGYzl;ygw,f? 'gaBumifY bkef;BuD;wdkYu t&IH;ay;ygNyD}} [k rdefYqdkav\/ BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfonf xif;rifudk,fawmf\ pum;udk Bum;aomf ausmufNyifBuD;ay:&dS usm;Aef;qDodkY tm&kaH &mufomG ;\/ xdt k cgusryS if þyk*K¾d vfrmS rdrw d Ykd a&Smifvifb&k m;ausmif;odYk vma&mufí odik ;f ynm ,SONf ydKifaom yk*¾dKvfNzpfrSef; odvdkuf&\/ odkYNzifY BuG,f&Tifonf [efrysufyif oHyHk;ESpfyHk;udk ycHk;xufwGif xrf;vsuf toufNyif;Nyif;wpfcsuf &S L &I d u f N yD ; ol \ twG i f ; tm;rsm;ud k aNctpH k w G i f pk p nf ; NyD ; usm;Aef ; \ rsOf ; aBumif ; rsm;ay:od k Y wpfvSrf;csif;yGwfwdkufavQmufoGm;vdkuf\/ xdktcg BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmf\ aNcz0g;ESifY yGwfwdkufoGm;[efonf ol\ euf&Idif;vSaom twGif;tm;udk [dkusL;awmuftm; NyefvnfNyovdkufonf[k a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;&dS bkef;BuD;rsm; tm;vHk;u tHYBobeef;NzifY xifaeBu\/ xif;rif? [l&SefY? [lquf q&mawmfBuD;rsm;vnf; 0rf;omNcif;NzpfrdonfESifY twl wkefvIyfNcif;vnf; Nzpf o G m ;Bu&\/ trS e f r l xd k q &mawmf B uD r sm;onf v nf ; aumif ; ? a&S m if v if a usmif ; rS tNcm;aom bkef;BuD;rsm;onfvnf;aumif;? BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmftm; &l;aygaygESifY at;at;aq;aq; aexdkifwwfaom udk,fawmf[k em;vnfxm;Bu\/ xdk&l;aygaygESifY at;at;aq;aq;aexdkifwwfaom udk,fawmfu ,ck trsm;a&SYarSmufwGif tHYBoavmufatmif euf&Idif;orQNrifYrm; NynfY0vSaom twGif;tiftm;&dSaBumif; Nyovdkuf&m 0rf ; omwk e f v I y f r d N cif ; yif Nzpf y g\/ NyD ; ES p f a ygif ; rsm;pG m twl a ecJ Y a omf v nf ; ol w d k Y o nf BuG , f & T i f w G i f þtiftm;rsdK;&dSonf[k rnfonfYudk,fawmfrQ rodcJYacs/ [dkusL;awmufu BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmftm; . . ]]awmfygawmY udk,fawmf? udk,fawmf&JY twGif;tm; odkif;ynmudk wynfYawmf r,SOfNydKifEdkifygbl;}}[k 0efcHvdkuf\/ xdktcdkufwGif BuG,f&Tifvnf;vSrf;vufp aNcvSrf;udk &yfí ]]'DNydKifyGJudk 'DwGifyJ &yfBuygawmYvm;}} [k trsm;Bum;atmifatmfaNymvdkuf\/ [dkusL;awmufuvnf; ]][kwfygw,f? 'Dusm;xdk;yGJvnf; rNydKifygeJYawmY?wynfYawmf t&IH;ay;vdkufygNyD? 'gayr,fY wynfYawmfu udk,fawmfBuD;eJY wpfyGJwpfvrf; "m;a&;ynm,SOfNydKif csifygao;w,f}} [k BuG,f&Tiftm; pdefac:Nyef\/ [dkusL;awmufonf aNym&if;qkd&if;yif BudK;wyfwl&d,matmufrS ]]csyfce}} "m;wpfvuf qGJxkwfvdkuf\/ NyD; xdk"m;NzifYyif olY&if0odkY Nyefíxdk;csdefxm;NyD; "m;&dk;udkrl tNyifbufodkY cyfapmif;apmif; xkwfxm;\/ þvd k "m;od k i f ; uG u f r sd K ;rS m vG e f p G m xl ; qef ; aom tuG u f N zpf \ / rod v Qif ud k , f Y ud k , f u d k owfaoawmYrnfYyrmyif/ BuG,f&Tif udk,fawmfu . . . ]]bkef;BuD;u w&m;usifYw,f? wHNrufpnf;vSnf;w,f? usrf;pmtkyfawGudk aeylvSrf;w,f? odkif;ynmawmY bmwpfckrSrwwfbl;}} [kqdkav\/ odkYaomf [dkusL;awmufu r,Hkacs/ odkYNzifY &kwfw&uf wpfcsufckefvdkufNyD; apmapmu olY&if0odkY csdefpdkufxm;aom "m;rSm csufcsif;auGYaumufvsuf BuG,f&Tif\ &if0odkY xdk;pdkufcsvdkufav\/ tu,fí tNcm;aom odkif;ynm&Sifrsm;omqdkvQif þwpfuGufESifYyif t&IH;ay;&awmYrnfrSm aocsm\/ odYk aomf BuG,&f iT rf mS twGi;f tm;vGepf mG NynfY0aeolNzpf&m olu pdwo f mG ;wdik ;f ud, k yf gae\/ [du k sL;awmuf\ "m;rSmaBumufp&maumif;avmufatmif vsifNrefaomfvnf; BuG,f&Tif\ pdwftm&kHrSm "m;\ tvsifEIef;xuf Nrefaeav\/ olpdwful;vkdufonfESifY nmbufvufu csufcsif;yif oHykH;udkqGJ\ cE¨mudk,fa&SYrS umxm;NyD; NzpfoGm;\/ ]]xef ; }}ceJ toH E S i f Y twl [d k u sL;awmuf \ "m;u oH y H k ; BuD ; ay:od k Y wd k ; rd o G m ;NyD ; "m;oG m ;rS m wGefYvdrfauGYaumufoGm;\/ 28
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [dkusL;awmufu "m;udk tvsiftNref&kyfodrf;vsuf aemufwpfuGuf xdk;csNyef\/ xef;ceJtoHESifYtwl BuG,f&Tif\ b,fvufvufu oHyHk;udkqGJí umuG,fvdkufNyD; NzpfoGm;Nyef\/ [dkusL;awmuf\ pdwfxJwGif ]]'Du, kd af wmf&YJ odik ;f ynm b,favmufyJ pGr;f pGr;f 'Davmufav;vHwYJ oHy;kH BuD;eJY igY'aD vmufNrefwYJ "m;csuu f kd a&&SnfumuG,fEdkifrSm r[kwfbl; }} [k xifaeav\/ ol u pd w f u l ; csuf N ref v suf NyD ; onf E S i f Y csuf c sif ; yif "m;ud k av;buf a v;wef r S vS n f Y y wf í vQyfwpfNyuftwGif; "m;csufaygif; aNcmufcsufwdwdwdkufcdkufvdkuf\/ odkYaomf wxef;xef;toHaNcmufcsufcefY Bum;vdkuf&NyD; [dkusL;awmuf\ vQyfwpfNyufwdkufcsuftm;vHk; oHyHk;BuD;udkom OD;wnfxdrSefaeawmY\/ eHab;rS 0dkif;BunfYaeaom bkef;BuD;rsm;\ tNrifwGifrl BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfonf aNcum;&m;vufum;&m;NzifY yHkysufyef;ysuf NzpfaeNyD/ wu,fyif bmodkif;rS rwwfaom olvdkNrifae&\/ odkY&mwGif xl;qef;onfrSm [dkusL;awmuf\ Nyif;xefoGufvufvSaom "m;csufrsm;onf BuG,f&Tif\ tuÐspudkaomfrS rxdbJ BuG,f&Tif\ &,farmp&myif aumif;aom aNcum;&m;vufum;&m; vIyf&Sm;rI[efESifYtwl yg0ifvIyf&Sm;aeaom oHyHk;BuD;rsm;u "m;csufrsm;udk tvG,fwul umuG,fEdkifcJYonfudk awGY&aomaBumifYyif Nzpfyg\/ xdkpOf [dkusL;awmufonf us,favmifpGm nmoHay;vsuf BuG,f&Tif\ &if0odkY "m;NzifY pdkufcsvdkufNyef\/ BuG , f & T i f u txd w f w vef Y Nzif Y ]]bk & m;u,f y g}} [k wpf c suf a tmf N yD ; vuf E S p f b uf u d k tvsiftNrefpkpnf;vkduf&m xef;ceJtoHwpfcsuf NrnfoGm;NyD; oHyHk;BuD;ESpfcku [dkusL;awmuf\ "m;udk nSyfxm;NyD; NzpfoGm;Nyef\/ [dkusL;awmufu olY"m;udk tm;xkwfí NyefEkwfaomfvnf; "m;crsm wkwfwkwfrQ rvIyfawmY/ qGJEkwfav NrJavNzpf\/ xdkYaBumifY "m;udk csufcsif;vTwfNyD; vuf0g;ESpfbufNzifY BuG,f&Tif\ rsufESmudk &dkufcsNyef\/ þwpfBudrfwGif BuG,f&TifrSmvufESpfbufNzifY oHyHk;udk qGJxm;&oNzifY Nyefvnf rckcHEdkifawmYacs/xdktcdkuf usef;qef;zkef;rSm olYq&m ta&;edrfYNyD; 'ku©a&mufawmYrnfY ta&;udk Nrifaomf [dkusL;awmuftm; csufcsif;ckeftkyfNyD; vuf0g;apmif;NzifY ycHk;udk ckwfcsvdkuf\/ [dkusL;awmufrSm BuG,f&Tifudkom tEdkifwdkuf&ef tm&kHpl;pdkufaepOf &kwfw&ufckwfcsvdkufaom usef;qef;zke;f\ vuf0g;apmif;udk aumif;pGmcHvdkuf&\/ [dkusL;awmufonf ,if;odkY tydkiftEdkif cHvdkuf&Ncif;rSm usef;qef;zke;ftm; i,fao;onf? tiftm;vnf; NynfYrnfr[kwf[k xifNyD; ycHk;wGifom tm;pkí awmifYcHvdkufNcif;aBumifYvnf; Nzpfyg\/ odkYaomf usef;qef;zkef;\ vuf0g;apmif;rSm vGefpGm NynfY0vSNyD; [dkusL;awmufcrsm ',D; ',dkifyif NzpfoGm;\/ BuG,f&Tif atmfus,f [pfus,fNzifY ]]NrwfpGmbk&m; 'umBuD;? bkef;BuD;udk nSmvdkufyg? bkef;BuD;u 'um&JY "m;csufaBumifY tonf;awGawmif w'dwf'dwfckefaeNyD}} [k oa&mfvdkuf\/ [dkusL;awmuf a'goNzpfvm\/ ]]aBomf vufpowfawmY a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;xJrSm wu,fyJ e*g;awG? usm;awG cdkatmif;aewmudk;? 'Dvdktoufi,f&G,fwJY vli,fawmif 'Davmufaumif;wJY odkif;tiftm;&dSaewmyJ? aumif;NyDa[Y csmwdwf? rif;eJYig NydKif&atmif? rif;om igY&JYwkdufuGuf q,fuGufudk ckcHumuG,fEdkif&if igqdkwJY usL;awmufu 'Dwpfouf aNrNyefYudk Nyefrqif;awmYbl;a[Y}} xdktcsdefwGif [lqufESifY [l&SefYq&mawmfBuD;ESpfyg;onf usef;qef;zkef;tm; usrf;pmxm;&m tcef;udk oefY&Sif;a&; vkyfay;aom vli,ftNzpf Nrifxm;NyD; odkif;ynmoifzl;cJYonfr[kwf/ apmapmu [dkusL;awmuftm; vuf0g;apmif;NzifY tydkiftEdkif ckwfcsvdkufEdkifNcif;rSmvnf; tcGifYtcgBuHKBudKufíom Nzpfonf[k ,HkBunfBu\/ trSefrl ukefvGefcJYaom oHk;ESpfcefYu usef;qef;zkef;wdkY q&mwynfYESpfa,muf aysmufqHk;oGm;aom usrf;pmtkyf Nyef&&dSa&;twGuf 0gqef;awmifodkY wufoGm;pOf aumYvif;vif;\ zcifodkif;q&mBuD;aumYcsif;ESifY awGYqHkNyD; aumYcsif;u usef;qef;zkef;t;m; vuf0g;apmif;odkif;uGufoHk;uGuf oifBum;ay;cJY\/ ,ck usef;qef;zkef;onf vuf0g;apmif;odkif;uGuf oHk;uGufxJrS wpfuGufNzifY wdkufcdkufaeNcif; Nzpfonfudk q&mawmfrsm; vHk;0rod&SmBuay/ usef;qef;zkef;onf xdkodkif;uGuf oHk;uGuftNyif vGefcJYaom q,f&ufcefYu vif;vif;ay;cJYaom vdk[efY oHrPd 29
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]olY&JYodkif;uGufu odyfwdusNrefqefaewm xm;ygawmY? 'gayr,fY olY&JY twGif;tm;u b,fYES,fvkyf 'DavmufawmifNynfY0ae&wmvJ}} [k a&&Gwfaerd\/ xdkpOfrSmyif [dkusL;awmufu usef;qef;zkef;tm; odkif;uGufaNcmufuGuf wdkufcdkufNyD;avNyD/ oluvnf; pdwfxJrS a&&Gwfaerd\/ ]]igu 'Dvdk csmwdwfav; wpfaumifudkawmif rEdkifEdkifbJeJYrsm; a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk vmNyD; pdefac:0YHao;owJY? 'Dvdkqdk&if odkif;avmuwpfckvHk; igYudk Nyuf&,fNyKBurSm qHk;rSm r[kwfawmYbl;}} olua&&GwNf yD;aemuf csucf si;f yif odik ;f tm;udk tNrifYq;kH tqifYoYkd NrSiYf wifvu kd Nf yD; cE¨mud, k w f pfcv k ;kH udv k nf; pBumvdk csmcsmvnfapum usef;qef;zkef;tm; vSnfYywfum 0dkif;vdkuf\/ xdkpOfcdkufwGif [dkusL;awmuf\ vuf0g;apmif;t&dyfrSm usef;qef;zkef;\ wpfudk,fvHk;udk zHk;vTrf;oGm;\/ trSefpifppf usef;qef;zkef;onf odkif;uGufrsm;taNrmuftrsm;wwfxm;ol r[kwfacs/ olu þvdk cufcJeufeJaom wdkufuGufrsdK;udk awGYaomf tb,fvuf0g;apmif;onfvnf;aumif;? tb,fvufoD;onf vnf;aumif; olYcE¨mudk,ftm; wdkufcdkufvmawmYrnfudk rpOf;pm;rcGJNcm;Edkifatmif Nzpfae&\/ xdkYaBumifY olu &kwfw&uf vdk[efYvufoD;odkif;uGuf wpfq,fY&SpfuGufxJrS wpfuGufNzpfaom uufaBu;vufodkif;uGufudk oHk;vdkuf\/ þodkif;uGufrSm &efol\ wdkufuGufudk &ifqdkif&ef oHk;vdkufvQif &efol\vufrSm rdrd\ cE¨mudk,fay:odkY b,fenf;ESifYrQ usa&mufEdkifrnf r[kwfawmYay/ ,ck v nf ; . . . [d k u sL;awmuf b,f a e&mrS y if wd k u f c d k u f wd k u f c d k u f usef ; qef ; zk e f ; \ uufaBu;vufodkif;uGufu umuG,fNyD;Nzpfae\/ wpfenf;qdkaomf [dkusL;awmuf\ pBumodkif;uGufrsm;onf usef;qef;zkef;\tem;odkYyif roDEdkifatmif Nzpfae&\/ a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;rS bkef;BuD;rsm;onf usef;qef;zkef;bufrS atmf[pfNyD; [dkusL;awmufu [l;ceJ vufoD;Nyif;NzifY usef;qef;zkef;\ &if0odkY xdk;oGif;csvdkuf\/ trSefrl [dkusL;awmufonf usef;qef;zkef;\ ckcHumuG,frIrsm;tm; rnfodkYrQ xdk;azmufí r&awmYay/ xdkYaBumifY pdwfr&SnfawmYonfYtqHk;wGif cGeftm;udk toHk;NyKí xdk;oGif;vkdufNcif;omNzpfyg\/ usef;qef;zkef;u [dkusL;awmuf\ vufoD;udk vuf0g;NzifY wGef;xkwfNyef\/ vufoD;ESifYvuf0g; &ifqdkifrdpOf Akef;ceJtoHNrnfoGm;NyD; [dkusL;awmuf\ wpfudk,fvHk;rSmvnf; wpfcsufrQ wkef,ifí oGm;\/ usef;qef;zkef;onf aemufodkY tenf;i,f,dkifxGufoGm;\/ odkYaomf [dkusL;awmufu toufNyif;Nyif;&INyD;aemuf vufoD;wpfvHk;xdk;oGif;Nyef\/ usef;qef;zkef;rl apmapmuoHk;aom a&SmifviftaNccHodkif;uGufNzifYyif vuf0g;udk a&SYodkYwGef;í 0ifvmaom vufoD;udk &dkufxkwfvdkuf\/ Akef;ceJ toHwpfcsufNrnfoGm;NyD; usef;qef;zkef;rSm aemufodkY oHk;vSrf;cefY ,dkifqkwfoGm;Nyef\/[dkusL;awmufvnf; aemufbufodkY wpfvSrf;rQ ,drf;,dkifxGufoGm;Nyef\/ [dkusL;awmufrSm rsufpdrsufESmysufvsuf&dS&mrS . . . ]]a[Y . . . csmwdwf? aemufqHk;wpfuGufyJusefawmYw,faemf? rif;tm;ukefxkwfNyD; ckcHayawmYa[Y . . .}}[k atmfaNymav\/ xdkYaemuf a&SYodkYESpfvSrf;wufum vufoD;udk Nznf;Nznf;csif; xdk;xkwfvdkuf\/ xdkpOfcPwGif a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;wpfckvHk; &kwfw&uf wdwfqdwfNidrfoufoGm;ovdk NzpfoGm;\/ taBumif;rl [dkusL;awmuftoHk;NyKvdkufaom vufoD;uGufonf [dkusL;awmuftwGuf toufru ta&;BuD;aom vufoD;NzpfaBumif; vlwdkif;odaomaBumifYyif Nzpfyg\/ þwpfuGufNzifY usef;qef;zkef;tm; tNyD;tydkifrEdkifcJYvQif [dkusL;awmuf\emrnfowif;rSm tysufBuD; ysuf&acsrnfr[kwfygvm;/ usef;qef;zkef;rl xdkvufoD;uGufudk wwd,tBudrf a&SmifviftaNccHodkif;uGufudkoHk;í vuf0g;NzifY &dkufxkwfvdkufNyef\/ þwpfBudrf vufoD;ESifY vuf0g;xdrdpOf toHNrnfxGufrvmawmY/ ESpfOD;pvHk;\vufu uyfoGm;onfYyrm xifvdkuf&\/ xdkcPrSmyif olwdkYESpfOD;pvHk;onf twGif;tm;udkoHk;í wpfzufESifYwpfzuf wdkufcdkufaeBuNcif;yif Nzpfyg\/ 31
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; pifppf odkif;ynmt&qdkvQif [dkusL;awmufonf usef;qef;zkef;xuf tqrsm;pGm wwfuRrf;\/ odkY&mwGif twGif;tm; odkif;ynmwGifrl usef;qef;zkef;onf olYq&mESifYtwl wmrmq&mawmfudk,fwdkif NyKpka&;om;cJYaom usrf;pmtkyfxJrS twGif;tm;odkif;ynm usifYpOfrsm;udk usifYcJY&onf/ ol\ twGif;tm;rSm yifv,fvdIif;yrm a&SYodkY t[kefNyif;pGm tqufrNywf &dkufcwfEdkifavonf/ xdkYaBumifYvnf; cPrQtBumwGifyif [dkusL;awmufonf atmYceJ aoG;wpfcsuftefoGm;NyD; aemufodkY wpfvSrf;qkwfoGm;av\/ usef ; qef ; zk e f ; onf rd r d u twG i f ; tif t m;ud k x k w f N yD ; wG e f ; vd k u f o nf E S i f Y [d k u sL;awmuf þrQ twGif;'Pf&m&oGm;rnf[krxifrSwfcJY/ xdkYaBumifY uref;uwef;NzifY [dkusL;awmuftem;odkYoGm;um xlrnfNyK\/ [dkusL;awmufu vufNzifY wm;vdkufNyD; rJYNyHK;NzifY . . . ]][dkusL;awmuf [dkusL;awmuf ? rif;urif;udk,frif; odyftxifBuD;cJYwmudk;}} [k rdrdudk,frdrd tNypfwifa&&Gwfvdkuf\/ xdkYaemufwGifrl [dkusL;awmufonf a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif; ausmif;xdkifq&mawmf xif;riftm; 'l;axmuf t&dktaoay;vsuf . . ]]a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;&JY odkif;ynm[m wu,fYudk NrifYrm;vSw,f? b,folrS wkyvdkYr&Edkifbl;qdkwm 'DaeY wynfYawmf aumif;aumif;BuD; odygNyD}}[k 0efcHaNymqdkvdkuf\/ [d k u sL;awmuf o nf xd k p um;ud k aNymNyD ; aemuf csuf c sif ; yif vS n f Y í ck e f x G u f o G m ;awmY\/ cyfvSrf;vSrf;ta&mufwGifrl olu &kwfw&uf &yfvdkufNyD; BuG,f&Tifudk,fawmfbufodkYvSnfYí . . ]]BuG,&f iT u f , kd af wmfBuD;? vlwpfa,mufu wynfYawmfukd pum;trSmyg;vdu k w f ,f? bmwJY usrf;uqDrmS wJY}} [dkusL;awmufonf xdkpum;udk aNymNyD;aemuf a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;atmufodkY aNy;qif;oGm;avawmY\/ ol\ udk,f[efrSm twGif;'Pf&m Nyif;Nyif;xefxef cHpm;ae&aomfvnf; vsifNrefqJyif &dSao;onfudkNrifaomf a&Smifvifbkef;BuD;rsm; wkefvIyfoGm;Bu\/ [dkusL;awmuf xGufcGmoGm;NyD;aemufwGif bkef;BuD;rsm;onf ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD; xif;rif rnfodkY NrGufBum;rnfudk apmifYaeBu\/ xdkpOfwGifyif 0gawmfBuD; bkef;awmfBuD;ckepfyg;xJrS ydefydefyg;yg; bkef;awmfBuD;wpfyg;u &kwfw&uf a&SYavQmufxGufvmNyD; . . . ]]'DwynfYav;&JY odkif;ynmudk b,fol oifay;xm;wmvJ}} [kar;vdkuf\/ bk e f ; awmf B uD ; \toH u vG e f p G m pl ; &S v S \ / wu,f v nf ; tonf ; at;pzG , f &d S v S \ / usef bkef;awmfBuD;rsm;vnf; xdkpl;&SvSaom toHBoZmaBumifY wkefvIyfoGm;Bu\/ [lquf? [l&SefY ESifY ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;rsm;u þar;cGefrsdK;udk ar;csifaeay&m BuG,f&TifESifY usef;qef;zkef;wdkYtm; pl;pdkufBunfYvdkufBu\/ BuG,f&TifwdkY q&m wynfYESpfOD;rSm xdkae&mrSmyif aBumifaeBuNyD; &kwfw&uf bmpum;rQ aNymrxGufEdkifbJ Nzpfae\/ ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD; xif;rifu . . . ]]BuG,&f iT &f YJ twGi;f tm;odik ;f u odyaf umif;ayr,fY olu odik ;f ynmqdv k Ykd bmrS rwwfb;l ?rodb;l ? 'gayr,fY usef;qef;zkef;udk a&Smifvifodkif;ynm taNccHvufoD;odkif;udk b,fol oifay;vdkufwmvJ}} a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;rS bkef;BuD;rsm;\ pdwfxJrSmrl ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD;u þar;cGef;udk ar;aeNcif;onf vl0wfwynfY usef;qef;zkef;u cGef;vGefbk&m;oHk;qltrnfcH [dkusL;awmuftm; tEkdifwdkufEdkifonfYtwGuf usef;qef;zkef;\ q&mtm; csD;usL;&ef ar;aeNcif;[k xifrSwfaeBu\/ xdkpOf ydefydefyg;yg; 0gawmfBuD; q&mawmfBuD;onftar;udk raNzao;bJ Nidrfaeaom usef;qef;zkef;tm; &ufpufcufxefaom tBunfYNzifYBunfYí ar;Nyef\/ ]]'DrSm . . . ig rif;udk ar;aew,f? rif;&JY vdk[efY vufoD;odkif;udk b,foloifay;wmvJ}}
32
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33
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40
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkYaomf xdktcsdefumvonfum; rGef*dkwyfrsm;u w&kwfNynf wpfNynfvHk;udk odrf;ydkufNyD;oumv wdkif;olNynfom;rsm;tm; nSOf;yef;ESdyfpuf zdESdyfcsKyfcs,f tmPmpufNyif;pGmNzifY Nym;Nym;0yfatmif csKyfcs,fxm;aom tcsdefydkif;Nzpf\/ onfYES,f ua,mufu,ufacwfumvysufBuD;xJwGif e,fcsJYorm;rsm;tm; wpfaeYaeY wpfcsdefcsdef wGef;vSefEdkif&ef twGif;usdwfí pnf;vHk;aeBuaom awmfvSefaom odkif;ynmwwf tausmftarmfrsm;vnf; tqufrNywf xGufay:vsuf&dSaeav\/ ,ckESpfum; rGef*dkbk&if eef;wufonfrSm tESpfaNcmufq,faNrmuf &dSoGm;ayNyD/ awmifydkif;yifv,furf;aNcwpfae&mwGif Nzpf\/ toufoHk;q,fcefY vlwpfa,mufonf aNcvSrf;BuJNzifY urf;aNcvrf;rBuD;twdkif; avQmufvSrf;vsuf&dS\/ xdkoli,frSm vGefpGmpdwfapmae[efwl\/ olu aNcvSrf;BuJrsm;NzifY wpdkufpdkufavQmufae\/ pdwfxJrSvnf; . . . ]]'DaeY[m oHk;v ESpfq,fYav;&uf? av;vudk;&ufa&mufzdkY q,fYav;&ufyJ vkdawmYw,f? vrf;c&D;rSm b,f v k d r S rBuef Y BumrS [l w ef ; awmif &D & S i f a usmif ; aqmif u d k trD a &muf r ,f ? 'grS aus;Zl ; &S i f q &m&J Y tESpfudk;q,faNrmufarG;aeYrSm qkrGefaumif;awmif;ay;EdkifrSm}} vli,fonfum; &Dwdkuf&TifNzpf\/ olonf [lwef*dkPf;? *dkPf;acgif;aqmif q&mawmfBuD; usef;qef;zkef;\ wwd,aNrmuf odkif;wynfY Nzpfavonf/ usef;qef;zkef;rSm toufckepfq,fNynfYaomESpfwGif odkif;ynmudk wpfzufurf;cyf wwfuRrf;oGm;í olu xdkESpfrSpum odkif;wynfYrsm;udk vufcHcJY\/ usef;qef;zkef;onf ,ckaomf toufudk;q,fNynfYaNrmufNyD Nzpfaomfvnf; olYwynfY tBuD;qHk;Nzpfaom csdK&Tifacsmif;rSm toufav;q,fyif rNynfYao;ygacs/ olYwGif tm;vHk;vuf&kH;wynfY ckepfa,muf&Sd&m ti,fqHk;armfukqef;rSm toufESpfq,fausmfom &d S a o;onf / xd k w ynf Y ck e pf a ,muf r S m touf y if i,f & G , f B uaomf v nf ; od k i f ; avmuwG i f r l emrnf [dk;[dk;ausmfBum;aeayNyD/ odkif;avmuom;rsm;u [lwef;ckepfazmf[laom trnfudk Bum;onfESifYyif . . . ]][lwef;ckepfazmfqdkwm emrnfausmf *dkPf;qkdawmY tNypfaNymp&mbmrSr&dSbl;}} ,ck &Dwdkuf&Tifonf [lwef;ckepfazmfwGif wwd,aNrmufNzpf\/ ,ckESpf ESpfOD;ydkif;uyif olonf q&mYtrdefYt& zkusufe,fodkY a&mufvmNyD; vk,uf? ypönf;,l? Nyefay;qGJ ponfNzifY Nynfolvlxkudk trsdK;rsKd; 'k u © a y;aeaom vl q d k ; acgif ; aqmif w pf O D ; tm; acsrI e f ; &S i f ; vif ; ypf c J Y \ / xd k vl q d k ; acgif ; aqmif B uD ; rS m odkif;ynmwwfuRrf;&kHru aumufuspfyg;eyfolvnf;Nzpf&m a&Smifwdrf;xGufaNy;aeí &Dwdkuf&Tifonf xdkoltm; tcsdeftawmfyifBumatmif &SmazG&Sif;vif; olwfoifcJY&ao;onf/ ,ck &Dwdkuf&Tifum; q&may;aomwm0efudk ausyGefatmif aqmif&GufNyD;onfESifY q&marG;aeYyGJtrD [lwef;awmfodkY tvsiftNref NyefvmcJYNcif;Nzpf\/ olonf yifv,furf;aNcvrf;rBuD;ay:wGif avQmufae&mrS vrf;rBuD;rSm wNznf;Nznf; ao;i,f usOf;aNrmif;vm\/ vrf;\nmbufwGifrl yifv,furf;aNcNzpfí NyefYNyL;om,mae\/ xdkae&mum; aevSrf;qm; xkwfvkyfaomae&mNzpf\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifonf ywf0ef;usiftm; tuJcwf&if; avQmufaepOf vlESpfq,fcefYonf &kwfw&uf olYeHab;rS txrf;udk,fpDESifY avQmufxGufvmBuonfudk awGY&\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifonf &kwfw&ufrdkY wpfcsufwkefvIyfoGm;\/ xdkvlrsm;xrf;vmaom txrf;xJwGif qm;rsm;om Nzpf[efwl\/ þonfrSm rxl;qef;ay/ trSefwu,f xl;qef;onfu xkdolrsm; tm;vHk;wdkYonf aNcvSrf;NrJNrHNyD; cE¨mudk,f awmifYwif;ckdifrmBu\/ ycHk;ay:&dS xrf;ydk;rsm;rSmvnf; 0g;xrf;ydk;r[kwfbJ rnf;aNymifaom oHxrf;ydk;rsm;udk xrf;xm;Bu\/ &Dwdkuf&Tif\ pdwfxJwGif . . . ]]'D v l a wG tm;vH k ; [m od k i f ; orm;awG c snf ; ygyJ v m;? awmif y d k i f ; yif v ,f u rf ; aNcrS m [dkifqm;*dkPf;BuD;wpfck&dSw,fvdkY Bum;&w,f? 'D*dkPf;uvlawG[m qm;udk t"duxm;NyD; ukeful;w,f? 'DvlawG[m [dkifqm;*dkPf;uvlawGyJ Nzpf&r,f}}
42
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; &Dwdkuf&Tifonf [kdifqm;*dkPf;onf *dkPf;aumif;wpfck r[kwfrSef;od\/ odkYaomf olYtzdkY ,cktcsdefwGif ta&;BuD ; qH k ; rS m ol Y q &m\ arG ; aeY t rD [l w ef ; awmif o d k Y Nyef & ef o m Nzpf í xd k * d k P f ; om;rsm;ud k ol u NzwfausmfavQmufwufoGm;avonf/ xkdvlodkufurl vGefpGm oGufvufvSaom &Dwdkuf&Tif\ aNcvSrf;yHkudk Nrif&aomtcg tHYBooGm;Bu\/ odkYNzifY ae0if&Dwa&mtcsdefwGif &Dwdkuf&Tifonf NrdKYav;wpfNrdKYodkY a&mufvmav\/ xdkYaemuf wnf;cdkcef;wpfckwGif 0ifa&mufwnf;cdkvdkuf\/ ol npmpm;aepOf tNyifbufrS vlwpfodkufa&muf&dSvmaom toH r sm;ud k Bum;&oNzif Y wH c g;ayguf r S vS r f ; í Bunf Y vk d u f a omtcg vrf ; c&D ; wG i f ol a wG Y cJ Y aom vlodkufNzpfaeavonf/ &Dwdkuf&Tifurl xdkolrsm;udk ta&;rpdkufbJ ckwifay:wGif wufí ur®Vmef;pD;Nzef;um twGif;tm;okdif;udk oHk;Budrfwdwd avYusifYvdkufNyD;rS tdyf&m0ifavonf/ oltdyfaysmfaepOf &kwfw&uf wpfzufcef;rS a'gufceJtoHwpfcsufBum;&\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifu vefYEdk;vm\/ olem;pGifYvkdufaomtcg vlwpfa,muf\toHudk Bum;&\/ ]]tm;vHk; aNcazmYNyD;oGm;Bu? [dkbufcef;uvl rEdk;apeJY? awmfBum tvkyf&IyfaeOD;r,f}} xdkYaemuf wHcg;zGifYoHBum;&NyD; tNyifbufodkYwGufíoGm;oHudkyg Bum;&\/ &Dwdkuf&Tif trSefpifppf xdkvlawGudk ta&;rpdkufcsifyg/ odkYaomf xdkvl\ pum;udk Bum;&aomtcg pdwfxJwGif... ]]'D [dkifqm;*dkPf;uvlawG bmawGrsm;vQdKY0SufNyD;vkyfaeovJrodbl;? 'kp&dkufrIwpfckckyJ Nzpf&r,f? 'DawmY igvufyu kd Nf yD; rBunfYEikd af wmYb;l ? wu,fvYkd vlaumif;awGukd u,fwifvYdk q&mBuD;arG;aeYukd aemufusraS &muf&ifvJ q&mBuD;u igYudk cGifYvTwfrSmyg}} usef;qef;zkef;onf olYwynfYrsm;udk odkif;ynmoifay;&kHru vlrIa&;udkygoifay;\/ b,fae&m b,fa'oa&mufa&muf 'ku©a&mufaeoludk OD;pGm tultnDay;&rnf/ u,fwif&rnf[lí Bo0g'ay;avY&dSonf/ xdkYaBumifY [lwef; ckepfazmfwkdYonf odkif;avmuwGif þrQ emrnfBuD;&Ncif;Nzpf\/
43
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [d k i f q m;*d k P f ; om;tm;vH k ; xd w f v ef Y o G m ;BupOf yd k ; csnf t uÐ s ES i f Y v l o nf tarS m if x J o k d Y aNy;0if aysmufuG,foGm;avonf/ [dkifqm;*dkPf;om;rsm;u vJusoGm;aom xdkoludk 0dkif;BunfYBu&m xdkolrSm wpfudk,fvHk; wGefYvdrfaeNyD; toufr&dSawmYacs/ &Dwdkuf&Tifonf eHab; rvSrf;rurf;rS xdktNzpfudkykef;uG,fBunfY&if; tHYBoaeonf/ ]]ydk;csnftuÐseJYvl[m tqdyfNyif;wJY b,fvQdKY0SufvufeufeJY ypfvdkufovJrodbl;? b,fYES,fYvkyfNyD; olu vufrvIyf udk,frvIyfbJ &efoludk aoapEdkifwmvJ}} [k awG;aerd\/ xdkpOf [dkifqm;*dkPf; tzGJYacgif;aqmifu ]]avmifpD;&JYtavmif;udk ab;wpfae&mrSm csxm;vdkuf? igwdkY&JYtvkyfu ydkNyD;ta&;BuD;w,f? NyefvmawmYrS tavmif;udkodrf;r,f? &efolu b,folqdkwmvJ aemufawmY od&rSmyJ}} xdkYaemufwGifrl [dkifqm;*dkPf;om;rsm;onf txrf;udk,fpDxrf;vsuf c&D;qufBuNyefav\/ apmapmu tavmif;udkawmYrl vrf;ab;opfwpfyifatmufwGif csxm;vdkufonf/ &Dwu dk &f iT o f nf xdo k rl sm; ta0;odYk a&mufryS if aoqH;k ol\tem;odYk oGm;a&mufNyD; 'Pf&mudk ppfaq;vdu k \ f / xdkolrSm wpfudk,fvHk; wGefYvdrfaeNyD; vGefpGmNyif;aom tqdyfoifYcH&aBumif;aocsmae\/ olu tqdyful;rnfpdk;í tavmif;udkrl rudkif0YHacs/ xkdYaemuf [dkifqm;*dkPf;om;rsm;aemufodkY qufí vdkufoGm;Nyef\/ oHk;av;rdkifrQ c&D;qufcJYBuNyD;aemuf &kwfw&uf [dkifqm;*dkPf;tzGJYacgif;aqmifonf vuf[efaNc[ef wpfcsufNyvdkuf\/ [dkifqm;*dkPf;om;rsm;onf csufcsif;yif eHab;odkYNzefYNyD; a&SYbuf&dS tdrfwpftdrfokdY Nznf;nif;pGm 0dkif;&Hí csOf;uyfvdkufBu\/ &Dwdkuf&Tif\ pdwfxJwGif ]]olwdkYu bmvJ? e*g;Edkif"m;vdkY aNymaeoH Bum;&w,f? 'DtdrfxJrSmrsm; tJ'D"m; &dSovm;}}[k awG;aerd\/ td r f B uD ; \ tv,f A [d k & d S acgif ; wd k i f r S rD ; cd k ; wvl v l v G i f Y wuf a eonf u d k awG Y &\/ xd k p Of [dkifqm;*dkPf;om;rsm;onf ycHk;ay:rS txrf;udkcsí txrf;xJrScGufNzifY bmypönf;udk cyfxkwfvdkufonfrod/ ab;ywfvnfokdY yufNzL;vdkufonfudk awGY&\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifu aocsmpGm BunfYvdkufaomf [dkifqm;*dkPf;om;rsm; yufNzL;vdkufaomt&mrSm NzLazG;aom yifv,fqm;rsm; Nzpfaeonfudk awGY&\/ pdwfxJwGif ]]'DaeY igawGYwJY udpöawGtm;vHk;[m xl;qef;wmawGcsnf;ygyJvm;? igY&JY*dkPf;wl nDtpfudkawGudk aNymNy&ifawmif olwdkY,HkrSm r[kwfbl;xifw,f}} &Dwdkuf&Tifonf [dkifqm;*dkPf;om;rsm;\ vIyf&Sm;rItm;vHk;udk *&kwpdkuf BunfYaevkduf&m yifv,fqm;rsm;udk olwdkYyufNzL;&mwGif owdBuD;pGmxm;NyD; yufNzL;vsuf&dSonfudkvnf;aumif;? xdkqm;yGifYrsm; udk,fay:okdY zdwfpOfusrnfudk txl;pdk;&drfaeBuonfudkvnf;aumif;awGY&\/ xdkYaBumifY &Dwdkuf&Tif csufcsif;pOf;pm;rdvdkuf\/ ]]'Dyifv,fqm;u tqdyfqm;Nzpf&r,f? 'DvlawGtdrfBuD;ywfywfvnfrSm NzL;xm;yHkaxmufawmY 'DtdrfxJu vlawGudk vkyfBuHzdkYyJ Nzpf&r,f}} &Dwdkuf&Tif xdkokdYpOf;pm;rdonfESifY csufcsif;yif ulnD,dkif;yif;vdkpdwf Nzpfay:vm\/ odkYESifY olu tdrfBuD;\ taemufbufokdY auGYywfcsOf;uyfoGm;\/ xdktcsdefwGif [dkifqm;*dkPf;om;rsm;onf tdrfa&SYydkif;wGifom yufNzL;aeao;&m tdrf\taemufbufokdY a&mufrvmao;acs/ &Dwdkuf&Tifonf tdrfaemufbufokdY a&mufonfESifY 0if;eH&Hudk ckefausmfí tdrf0if;xJodkY0ifvdkuf\/ tdrfBuD;rSm us,f0ef;NyD; tcef;aygif;rsm;pGm &dS\/ odkYaomf tcef;rsm;rSm rnf;arSmifae\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifu pOf;pm;vdkuf\/ rD;cdk;awGu 'DtdrfBuD;&JY tv,faumifu xGufvmw,fqdkawmY tv,fcef;rSm vl&dS&r,f/ &Dwdkuf&Tifu us,favmifaom toHNzifY ]]usKyfu [lwef;*dkPf;uvlyg? aNymp&m&dSvdkY 0ifvmcJYwmyg? usKyfudk bmrSoHo, rNzpfBuygeJY}} odYk aomfwpfbufrS bmwHYk NyefrrI Q r&d/S &Dwu kd &f iT o f nf [lwef;*dP k ;f om;yDyD raBumufr&GYH yif twGi;f cef;bufoYdk qufí avQmuf0ifoGm;\/ olu "m;udkqGJxkwfNcif; rNyKao;aomfvnf; wpfudk,fvHk;udkrl twGif;tm;NzifY NznfYqnf;xm;NyD; toifYtaetxm; Nyifxm;NyD;Nzpf\/ 45
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; &Dwdkuf&Tif twGif;buftcef;odkY a&mufonfESifY &kwfw&ufaNcvSrf;wefY&yfoGm;\/ taBumif;rSm xdktcef;xJwGif vlaoESpfavmif;awGY&NyD; xdktavmif;ESpfavmif;\ wpfudk,fvHk;rSmvnf; wGefYvdrfvsuf rsufESmrSmvnf; aBumufp&maumif;avmufatmif &kyfysufqif;ysufNzpfae\/ olu qufavQmufoGm;Nyef&m tcef;wpfcef;odkY a&mufvmNyef\/xdktcef;rSm vGefpGmarSmifaomaBumifYolu rD;wkwfudkxkwfí rD;xGef;ndSvdkufonf/ rD;wkwf\ tvif;a&mifaBumifY tcef;xJ&dS tcsif;t&mrsm;udk Nrif&aomtcg &Dwdkuf&Tifonf owåd&dSol NzpfvifYupm; BuufoD;arT;nif; xoGm;onf/ tb,faBumifYrl xdktcef;xJwGifvnf; tavmif;rsm;onf wpfOD;udkwpfOD; ydkufaxG;xm;NyD; vufxJ&dS vufeufrsm;NzifY wpfOD;\udk,fxJodkY wpfOD;u xdk;ESufxm;onfudk awGY&\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifu pOf;pm;vdkuf\/ ]]'DtdrfBuD;xJrSm {&mrwdkufyGJwpfck NzpfyGm;cJYwmaocsmw,f? 'DvlawG&JY vufeufawGudkBunfY&kHeJY xdyfoD;odkif;orm;awGrSef; odw,f/ olwdkYwpfawG[m b,fvdkaBumifY 'DrSmvmNyD; aoaeBuovJ}} &Dwdkuf&Tifonf owdBuD;pGmNzifY qufíoGm;Nyef&m tdrfBuD;\tv,fcef;odkYa&mufvmavonf/ tcef;wHcg;udk wGef;ízGifYvdkufonfESifY ylavmifaom avaiGYrsm;u olYrsufESmtm; wkdufcwfvdkufonfudk cHpm;vdkuf&onf/ trSefpifppf tv,fcef;rBuD;\ A[dkwGif BuD;rm;aom rD;zdkBuD;wpfck&dS\/ rD;rSm w[kef;[kef;awmufae\/ xdkrD;zdkab;em;wGif vlBuD;oHk;a,mufudk awGY&onf/ olwdkYonf rD;udk yg;pyfNzifY w[l;[l;rIwfaeonfudk awGY&onf/ xdkrD;awmufBuD;ay:wGif "m;BuD;wpfvufuefYvefYNzwf wifxm;NyD;? xdk"m;BuD;rSm rD;awmufBum;wGif eD&JpGm awmufyae&mrS wNznf;Nznf; NzLvm\/ odkYaomf t&nfvHk;0 raysmfacs/ xdkvloHk;a,mufrSm toufaNcmufq,fcefY&SdBuNyD; olwdkYwpfudk,fvHk;wGif rD;cdk;NymrdIif;wdkYNzifY ayusHae\/ xd k v l o H k ; a,muf u avud k tquf r Nywf r I w f a e\/ rD ; awmuf r S v nf ; t&S d e f N yif ; pG m awmuf a e\/ olwdkYrIwfaeaomavtm;udk BunfY&kHESifYyif xdkvloHk;a,mufpvHk; twGif;tm; tvGefNynfY0aBumif; odEdkifonf/ &D w d k u f & T i f r S m tcef ; teD ; wG i f &yf a eaomf v nf ; rD ; \t&d S e f r S m tvG e f y l N yif ; aeonf u d k od & onf / xdkrD;awmufBuD;xJwGifb,frylNyif;vdrfYrnfudkawmY rpOf;pm;EdkifawmY/ xdkrQylNyif;aom rD;zdkBuD;ay:wGif wifxm;aom "m;BuD;vnf; bmrQrNzpfao;onfudk awGY&oNzifY &Dwdkuf&TifrSmydkNyD; tHYBoae\/ trSefrl þ"m;BuD;rSm wu,fyif "m;aumif;wpfvufNzpf\/ xdkpOf &kwfw&uf tdrfacgifrdk;ay:rS toHwpfoH xGufvm\/ ]]"m;aumif;wpfvufudk zsufqD;wm[m raumif;wJY tvkyfyJ? cifAsm;wkdYtm;vHk; &yfBuyg}} &D w d k u f & T i f u xd k t oH u d k Bum;vd k u f o nf E S i f Y pd w f v I y f & S m ;oG m ;\/ tb,f Y a Bumif Y r l xd k t oH r S m ydk;csnftuÐsESifYvl\toHNzpfaeaomaBumifYyif/ xdkvloHk;a,mufrl xdktoHudkta&;rpdkufyg/ yg;pyfNzifY avudkom qufumqufum rIwfxkwfae\/ acgifrdk;ay:rS vlrSm ]][m;-[m;-[m;}} [k avSmif&,f&,fNyD; &kwfw&uf acgifrdk;ay:rS ckefqif;vdkuf\/ xd k t cgrS y if &D w d k u f & T i f o nf yd k ; csnf t uÐ s ES i f Y vl \ oG i f [ ef u d k aumif ; pG m Nrif & awmY\/ toufo;kH q,fausmfcefY&NSd yD; &ky&f nfrmS vGepf mG BunfYaumif;\/ rsufEmS url NzLa&mfa&mf&aSd e\/ xdo k o l nf vufxw J iG f bmvufeufrQ udkifrxm; &dSvnf;r&dS/ olu at;pufaom avoHNzifY ]]cGefayawmifu odkif;orm;BuD; oHk;OD;cifAsm;? cifAsm;wdkYu 'D"m;udk vk,lwmawmYxm;ygawmY? tck cifAsm;wdkYu 'D"m;udkzsufqD;zdkY BudK;pm;aewmudkawmY usKyfuBunfYraeEdkifbl;}}[k aNymNyD; xdkoloHk;OD;tem;odkY avQmufvmavonf/ xdkpOf taemufbufwGif &yfaeaom tbdk;tkdwpfOD;u &kwfw&uf vufacsmif;NzifY ydk;csnftuÐsESifY vl\rsufESmudk ukwfcsvdkuf\/ ydk;csnftuÐsESifYvlu eHab;odkY a&Smifvdkuf\/ NyD; a&SYwpfvSrf;wdk;0ifvdkuf\/ xk d t cg ta&S Y buf w G i f & yf a eaom tbd k ; td k u rD ; zd k B uD ; ab;wG i f axmif x m;aom oH w l B uD ; ud k , l í [l;ceJydk;csnftuÐsESifYvl\ OD;acgif;udk xkcsvdkuf\/ 46
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; yd;k csnftuÐsESiYf vil ,f\ ud, k [ f efu aygYyg;oGuv f ufv\ S / olu eHab;odYk a&Smifwrd ;f vdu k Nf yef&m oHwrl mS aNrBuD;udkom &dkufrdoGm;NyD; wpftdrfvHk; odrfYodrfYwkefoGm;avonf/ xdkYaemufwGifrl xdktbkd;tdkESpfOD;u ydk;csnftuÐsESifY vli,ftm; 0dkif;0ef;wdkufcdkufavawmY\/ olwdkY\ wdkufuGufrsm;rSm vGefpGmNyif;xefvSNyD; &ufpufvSayonf/wpfcsufxdrSef&kHESifY aoEdkifaom wdkufuGufrsm;yifNzpf\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifu eHab;rSBunfY&if; ydk;csnftuÐsESifYvli,fudk,fpm; wkefvIyfae\/ pdwfxJurl ]]'DvlawG[m wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf bm&efNidK;awGrsm;&dSvkdY 'Davmufawmif &uf&ufpufpuf wdkufcdkufaeBuygvdrfY}}[k awG;aerd\/ odkY&mwGif ydk;csnfvli,f\[efrSm vGefpGmxl;qef;NyD; vQifNrefoGufvufvS\/ tbdk;tdkESpfOD;u 0dkif;0ef;í tNyif;txef wdkufcdkufaeaomfvnf; olu a&Smifwdrf;&kHoma&Smifwdrf;NyD; Nyefvnf ckcH wdkufcdkufNcif;rNyKacs/ xdkpOf oHwludkifaom tbdk;tkdu ]]rif;u b,fuaumifvJ}} [kar;\/ yd;k csnfvil ,fu ceJYûyH;wpfcsuf ûyH;NyNyD; &kww f &uf ud, k w f pfcsuf vIy&f mS ;vdu k \ f / oHwu l ikd af om tbk;d td\ k vufudk olYvuf0g;NzifY &ifqdkif&dkufcwfvdkuf\/ ]]csvGrf}} [laom toHESifYtwl oHwludkifaom tbdk;tdk\ vufaumuf0wf usdK;oGm;NyD; oHwlrSmvnf; acgifrdk;udkazmufí ta0;okdY vGifYxGufoGm;awmY\/ okdYESifY oHwludkifaom tbdk;tdkonf vli,f\ odkif;ynmu rdrdwdkYodkif;ynmxuf omvGefaBumif;odoNzifY "m;ud k v k , l & ef N yif v d k u f \ / od k Y aomf v l i ,f u ol Y xuf v sif \ / yg;ae\/ csuf c sif ; rD ; nS y f u d k q G J í "m;udknSyf,l&efûyvdkuf\/ wwd,tbdk;tkdrlum; vQdKY0Sufvufeufykef;orm;Nzpf\/ vli,ftm; vQdKY0SufvufeufNzifYypf&ef tcGifYta&;udkacsmif;ae\/ okdYaomf vli,f\ vIyf&Sm;[efu vsifNrefvGef;oNzifY tcGifYta&; r&vdkufacs/ ,ck a omf tbd k ; td k w pf O D ; u rD ; nS y f N zif Y "m;ud k n S y f , l & ef N yif o nf u d k Nrif & \/ ol u &k w f w &uf NcpfNcpfawmufylaeaom "m;&dk;udk tNcm;rD;nSyfwpfckNzifYnSyfum "m;udk rD;xJrS qGJxkwfvdkufavonf/ NyD;aemuf xdktbdk;tdkonf rD;nSyfudktwif;qkyfudkifxm;NyD; xkdae&mrS ckefxGufvdkuf\/ usefolrsm;rSm xdktcsif;t&mudkNrifaomf ai;aBumifaeBu\/ xdktcGifYaumif;udk,lum tbkd;tdkonf tNyifbufodkY twif;xGufaNy;avawmY\/ vli,fu xufBuyfvdkufvmNyD; ceJYoHNzifYqdk\/ ]]'DavmufvG,fvG,feJY &EdkifygYrvm;Asm? [m; [m; [m;}} vli,fu aNymaNymqdkqdk vufacsmif;rsm;NzifY tbdk;tdk\aemufausmudk qGJukwfvdkuf\/ tbdk;tdkuvnf; vufxJrS rD;nSyfNzifY nSyfxm;aom"m;udk vTJckwfvkdufonf/ "m;ra&mufrD ylavmifaom avvdIif;u &dkufcwfoNzifY vli,fu &kwfw&uf rckcH&JbJ tbdk;tdk\ aemufausmtm;qkyfudkifxm;aomvufudk a&SYodkYqGJí ypfvdkuf\/ xdktcg tbdk;tdkrSm "m;a&mvlyg rD;zdkBuD;xJokdY vGifYxGufoGm;av\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifonf wpfcsdefvHk; eHab;rSaeíBunfYae&m þolrsm;tm;vHk;rSm &ufpufBurf;êuwfaom olrsm;NzpfaeaBumif;awGY&í oluyg0if&ef vHk;0 pdwfrul;cJYacs/ odkYaom ,ck ydk;csnfvli,fu tbdk;tdktm; rD;zdkxJodkY ypfoGif;vdkufonfudk awGY&aomf olurpOf;pm;EdkifawmYbJ &kwfw&uf xckefvdkufNyD; iSufi,ftvm; avxJrSmyif tbd;k tdt k m; qG, J v l u kd \ f / NyD;avxJrmS yif wpfywfuRrf;ypfum eHab;wpfae&modYk aygYyg;pGm usa&mufomG ;avonf/ xdktuGufrSm [lwef;*dkPf;\ taumif;qHk; ukd,fazmYodkif;ynmNzpfí avxJwGif tNrifYckefEdkif&kHru udk,fudkvnf; a0SYywfa&GYvsm;Edkifavonf/ þ udk,fazmYodkif;ynmudk ]]pGef0Judk,fazmYodkif;}} [k trnfay;xm;\/ þ udk,fazmYodkif;ynmrSm odkif;avmutwGif;&dS tNcm;aom udk,fazmYodkif;ynmrsm;xuf ydkí cufcJeufeJavonf/ trSefrl tbdk;tdkoHk;a,mufonf &Dwdkuf&Tifa&mufaeonfudk odNyD;Nzpf\/ odkYaomf olYudk ta&;rrlcJYacs/ odkY&mwGif ,ck &Dwdkuf&Tif\ pGef0Judk,fazmYodkif;ynmudk awGY&aomf rsufvHk;rsufqefNyL;us,foGm;\/ ydk;csnfvli,fu rsufawmifwpfcsufrQyifYí ]]'gu odkif;avmurSm emrnfBuD;aewJY pGef0Judk,fazmYodkif;vm;}}[kar;av\/ 47
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48
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52
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkvl\ toHrSm Nyefus,fvmNyD; . . . ]]usKyfwdkY&JY rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;u taumif;tqdk;udk cGJNcm;wwfygw,f? [dk[dkifqm;*dkPf;om;awG[m wu,fYvlowf? ypönf;vkwJYvlqkd;awGyg? cifAsm;wdkY [lwef;*dkPf;uvlqdk usKyfwkdYrowf&ufygbl;? cifAsm;uom e*g;Edkif"m;udk ay;&ifawmY usKyfwdkYu cifAsm;udk qHarT;tyfacsmif;&JY tqdyfaNzaq;udkay;r,f}} &D w d k u f & T i f o nf qH a rT ; tyf a csmif ; [l a om trnf u d k B um;onf E S i f Y uref ; uwef ; yif apmapmu jcifudkufcHvdkuf&onf[kxif&aom ae&mrsm;udk vufNzifY zdESdyfBunfY&m xHkusOfvsuf&dSonfudk cHpm;vdkuf&\/ xkdtcgrSyif &Dwdkuf&Tif oabmaygufawmY\/ apmapmu xkdvlpum;udk rBum;wBum;ESifY wdk;wdk; wdk;wdk;aNymNcif;rSm rdrdtm; a&SYodkY wdk;vmatmif wrif y&d,m,fqifí aNymNcif;NzpfNyD;? rdru d a&SYw;dk í em;pdu k af xmifvu kd pf Of qHarT;tyfacsmif;NzifY ypfvu kd Nf cif;yif Nzpfyg\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifonf rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;om;tm;vHk; vGefpGm&ufpufNyD; aBumufp&maumif;aBumif; odxm;\/ xkYd aBumifY olwYkd \ qHarT;tyfacsmif;tqdyrf mS vnf; aBumufp&maumif;vSrnfrmS aocsmayonf/ xdYk aBumifY xdkoltm; vufOD;atmif tvsiftNrefzrf;csKyfNyD; aNzaq;udk awmif;&rnf[k pdwful;vdkuf\/ okdYNzifY olu &kwfw&uf avS0rf;wHcg;udk &dkufcsdK;NyD; avS0rf;xJokdY ckef0ifvkduf\/ avS0rf;xJodkY aNcrcsrDrSyif vlwpfa,mufu arSmifxJrSaeí olYtm; wdkufcdkufvkdufonfudk odvdkuf\/ ol u vuf 0 g;apmif ; Nzif Y wk d u f x k w f v d k u f & m bk e f ; ceJ us,f a vmif a omtoH N rnf o G m ;NyD ; ES p f O D ; pvH k ; aemufokdYvGifYxGufoGm;Bu\/ &Dwdkuf&TifrSm avSukef;ywfay: Nyefa&mufoGm;NyD; vuf0g;rSmvnf; wpfcsufrQ pl;&SpGm emusifoGm;\/ pifppf vuf0g;csif; &dkufcwfcsdefwGif &efolonf vuf0g;Bum;wGif cRefxufaom oHpl;rsm;udk ñSyfxm;Ncif;aBumifY olYvuf0g;wGif oHpl;cRefrsm;NzifY xkd;pdkufNcif;udk cHvdkuf&Ncif; Nzpfonf/ wu,fawmY xdkol\ vuf0g;apmif;tm;rSm &Dwdkuf&Tif\ vuf0g;apmif;tm;xuf rnYHacs/ ÚmPfeDÚmPfeufroHk;bJ &dk;&dk;om;om; wdkufcdkufvQifvnf; &Dwdkuf&Tifonf xdkvltm; tvG,fwulNzifY Edkifrnfr[kwfacs/ xdkpOfcdkuf? xdkvlonf El;nHYnifompGmNzifYyif . . . ]]usKyf&JY vuf0g;Bum;rSm ñSyfxm;wJYoHpl;cRef&JYtqdyfu ydkNyD;aBumufp&maumif;w,f &Dwdkuf&Tif}} &Dwdkuf&Tifonf xkdpum;aBumifY a'gotrsufacsmif;acsmif;xGufvmonf/ olu e*g;Edkif"m;udk qGJxkwfNyD; ab;wpfzufwpfcsufokdY vTJ,rf;ckwfydkif;vdkuf&m ]][kef;[kef;}} [laomtoHESifYtwl avS0rf;cg;v,f\ ab;wpfzufwpfcsufu xufydkif;usdK;oGm;av\/ e*g;Edkif"m;rSm wu,fyif xufNrufvS\/ &D w d k u f & T i f o nf aemuf x yf ck e pf c suf r Q vT J , rf ; ck w f y d k i f ; vk d u f N yef & m xd k v l r S m avS 0 rf ; xJ w G i f ykef;cdkraeEdkifawmYbJ ukef;ywfay:okdY ckefwufvm&avawmY\/ ]]&Dwdkuf&Tif cifAsm;rSm tqdyfESpfrsdK;awmif cHae&wmaemf? 'gawmif wdkufcdkuf&Jao;wJY cifAsm;&JY owådudkcsD;usL;ygw,f}} &Dwd kuf&Tifu xdkvl b,fodkYyifqdkqdk em;pdkufraxmifawmYacs/ vufxJrS"m;NzifYom xdkol\cg;udk ydkif;csvdkuf\/ okdYaomf xdkvlu ausmufql;udk qGJí umvdkuf&m ]]cRrf; . .}} [laomtoHESifYtwl ausmufql;vnf; tv,frS xufydkif;NywfoGm;av\/ xdkvlonf eHab;odkY ckefa&SmifvdkufNyD;aemuf atmf[pfí . . . ]]cifAsm;u touf,lrSmvm;? "m;,lrSmvm;}} [k &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; ar;avonf/ &Dwdkuf&Tifu "m;t&dSefudk &yfwefYvdkufNyD; xdkvl\ tar;udk NyefaNzonf/ ]]aumif;NyD? cifAsm;u usKyfudk tqdyfaNzaq;ay;yg? usKyfu cifAsm;udk "m;ay;r,f}} rSefygonf/ &Dwdkuf&Tif\ &ifbwfESifY aygifwdkYwGif xHkusOfvmNyDNzpf&m tqdyfwufaeNyDNzpfaBumif; ol cH p m;vk d u f & \/xk d Y a Bumif Y e*g;Ed k i f " m;ud k ol r wG , f w m rruf a rmawmY / csuf c sif ; yif ol Y v uf r S " m;ud k xdkvlYaNcaxmufem;odkY ypfcsay;vdkuf\/ ]]uJ . . .usKyf cifAsm;udk "m;ay;vdkufNyD;? cifAsm;u usKyfudk aNzaq;ay;ayawmY}} ]][m; . . . [m; . . . [m;}} xdkvlu aNcaxmufem;rS"m;udk wpfcsufrQBunfYvdkufNyD;aemuf w[m;[m;&,farmaeav\/ olYoGif[efu &,fp&maumif;aom pum;wpfcGef;udk Bum;&ouJYodkYyif/ 56
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; &Dwdkuf&Tifu a'gooHNzifY atmf[pfum aNymav\/ ]]'DrSm udk,fYvl?usKyfu &,fp&maNymaewm r[kwfbl;? cifAsm;qDu aNzaq;awmif;aewmAs? bmvdkY 'Davmuf&,faewmvJ? aNymprf;ygOD;}} xdkvlu NyefraNz/ &Dwdkuf&Tif\ rsufESmudkom vufñdlI;xdk;vsuf w[D;[D; w[m;[m; &,faeNyef\/ NyD;rS . . . ]]aBomf . . . &Dwdkuf&Tif. . . &Dwdkuf&Tif? cifAsm; 'Davmufawmif nHY&ovm;Asm? uRwf . . . uRwf . . . uRwf. . .? cifAsm;vufxJrSm "m;&dSae&ifom usKyfaNzaq;ay;&if ay;OD;r,f? tck cifAsm;vufxJrSm "m;r&dSawmY usKyfu bmay;zdkYrS rvdkawmYbl;av? [m; . . .[m; . . . [m;? [D; . . . [D;}} &Dwdkuf&Tif\ rsufESmrSm wpfckvHk; NzLqGwfoGm;\/ odkYaomf pdwfudk wnfNidrfpGmxdef;&if; . . . ]]a,mufsm;yJ? aowpfaeY arG;wpfaeYyJaygY? usKyf&JY wpfoufrSm rw&m;wmudk bmwpfckrS rvkyfcJYbl;? 'gaBumifY tckcsufcsif;cifAsm;vdk vl,kwfrmvufcsufeJYao&&ifvJusKyfu wpfapYav;rS ûzHp&mrvdkbl;}} xdkvlu vufraxmifum . . . ]][J . . . [J . . . tawmfudk csD;usL;p&maumif;wmygyJvm;? [lwef;ckESpfazmfu wu,fYudk csD;usL;p&m aumif ; wmtrS e f y J ? Bunf Y prf ; Asm? ao&awmYr,f Y tcsd e f r S m awmif 'D a vmuf p d w f u d k wnf N id r f a tmif xdef;xm;EdkifwJYvlrsdK;udk usKyfwpfoufrNrifzl;ao;bl;}} &Dwdkuf&Tifu xdkol\ pum;udk ta&;rpdkuf/ olodcsifonfudk ar;vdkufonf/ ]]cifAsm;emrnfaNymrNyEdkifbl;vm;}} xdkvlu&,fí . . . ]]usKyf u rsuf c H k ; NzL*d k P f ; &J Y tnw& ygrT m ;av;wpf a ,muf y gAsm?[l w ef ; *d k P f ; u wu,f v d k Y uvJYpm;acscsifw,fqdk&ifvJ usKyfwdkY&JY *dkPf;csKyfBuD;udk,fwdkif xGufNyD;&ifqdkifrSmaygY? 'gayr,fY cifAsm;[m 'DaeYrSmyJ bkrodbrodbeJ YJ aooGm;&r,fYtwGuu f akd wmY cifAsm;wdYk *P kd ;f csKyfq&mBuD; use;f qef;zke;f u usKyfwYkd rsucf ;kH NzL*dP k ;f &JY vufcsufvdkY b,fvdkrS xifEdkifp&mtaBumif; r&dSygbl; &Dwdkuf&Tif}} xdo k u l wwGww f w G af Nym&if; tm;&auseyfvsuf&pSd Of &Dwu kd &f iT o f nf ausmufq;l 0dik ;f wpf0ikd ;f udk aumuf,Nl yD; xkdvltm; tm;ukefypfaygufvdkuf\/ xdkolu xdwfvef;wBum; wpfcsufatmfNyD; csufcsif;yif e*g;Edkif"m;udk aumuf,lNyD; ausmufql;udk umuG,f&efûyvdkuf\/ okdYaomf e*g;Edkif"m;rSm omref"m;xuf q,fqrQ av;aeoNzifY qGJír,lvkdufaomfvJ "m;rSm tenf;i,frQ BuGwufvmNyD; NyefusoGm;av\/ trSefrl xdkolonf "m;udk r,rEdkifNcif;awmYr[kwfyg/ "m;udk aumuf,lpOfwGif olcefYrSef;xm;aom tav;csd e f r S m wu,f Y vuf a wG Y tav;csd e f x uf vG e f p G m avsmYenf ; aeonf Nzpf & m ol Y vuf x J r S xkwfvdkufaomtm;rSmvnf; avsmYenf;aeav\/ xdkYaBumifY "m;rSm tenf;i,frQ BuGwufvmNyD; NyefusoGm;Ncif;yif Nzpfonf/ okdYNzifY xkdvlonf ausmufql;udk"m;NzifY rumuG,fEdkifawmYbJ vufNzifYom ausmufql;udk umvkduf&m? vQyfwpfNyuftwGif;rSmyif xkdvlonf "m;udkifvsufESifY NrpfxJokdY bkef;ceJ xdk;usoGm;avawmY\/ wu,frl &Dwdkuf&Tifonf rdrdao&awmYrnf[kxifNyD; &efoltm; awmif;yefNcif;rûybJolao udk,fao wdkufcdkufvdkufNcif;om Nzpfyg\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifonf xdkolNrpfxJodkY usoGm;onfYwdkif "m;udk rvTwfbJ qkyfudkifxm;vsuf awGY&aomf pdwfxJwGif . . . ]]rif;u "m;udk&oGm;ayr,fY Nrpfa&xJrSmyJ epfao&rSmyg}}[k a&&Gwfvdkufrd\/ od k Y aomf &D w d k u f & T i f rxif r S w f a om tcsif ; t&mwpf c k u &k w f w &uf a y:vmyg\/ xd k v l Nrpf a &xJ o k d Y epf v k e pf c if N zpf a epOf w G i f y if tNzLa&mif w ef ; wpf c k bG m ;ceJ Nrpf x J o d k Y xd k ; usvmNyD ; xd k v l \ vnfyif;tm;êud;wpfacsmif;u &pfywfvdkufNyD; NzpfoGm;\/
57
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58
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]usKyfwdkY a&Tig;tmrcHXmeu tvkyfr&dSwmrS r[kwfbJAs? cifAsm;u ypönf;udkvJtyfr,f? emrnfudkvJ raNymbl;qdkawmY wpfNcm;tmrcHXmeudkyJ oGm;ygawmYAsm}} rdef;uav;toHESifY wlolu . . . ]]'D vif t ef ; e,f r S m cif A sm;wk d Y a&T i g;tmrcH X mewpf c k y J enf ; enf ; oH k ; vd k Y &wmAs? useftmrcHXmeawGuoHk;vdkYudkr&bl;? uJ . . . cifAsm; ckavmavmvwfvwf rqHk;NzwfEdkif&if cifAsm;wkdY&JY acgif;aqmifBuD;udk ac:vTwfvkdufyg? usKyf oleJY aqG;aEG;r,fAsm}} xdkpum;aBumifY toH us,favmifus,favmifESifYvl ydkí a'goxGufvm[ef wl\/ olu . . . ]]usKyfu a&Tig;tmrcHXme&JY acgif;aqmifyJ? usKyf tck tNcm;udpö &dSao;w,f? cifAsm;NyefygawmY}} rdef;roHvdkvdk toH&Sifu . . . ]]aBomf . . . vufpowfawmY cifAsm;u a&Tig;tmrcHXme&JY acgif;aqmifBuD; wdk;wmusif;udk;}} pum;udk acwåNzwfxm;NyD;rS qufí . . . ]]cifAsm;&JYemrnfudk usKyf tNrJwrf; Bum;ae&ygw,f? usKyf&JY rsdK;&dk;emrnfuawmY csifyg}} okdYNzifY us,favmifavmifESifYvl?odkYr[kwf a&Tig;tmrcHXme\acgif;aqmif wdk;wmusif;u tenf;i,f auseyfoGm;ovdkESifY . . . ]]cifAsm; bmypönf;tyfrvdkYvJ}} rdef;uav;toHvdkvdkvl? okdYr[kwf csif rsdK;&dk;EG,f0ifuvnf; . . . ]]usKyfu cifAsm;udk t&ifar;&OD;r,f? cifAsm;u 'Dtvkyfudk wm0ef,lEdkifygYrvm;? 'D[mu omrn yg;rTm;tvkyfr[kwfbl;? enf;enf;rS cRwfacsmfvdkY r&bl;As}} xdkpum;aBumifY wdk;wmusif;u a'goudk renf;csKyfwnf;vsuf . . . ]]usKyfu 'Da&Tig;tmrcHXmeudk zGifYvmwm tESpfESpfq,fausmfoGm;NyD? b,favmufBuD;us,fwJY tvkyfrsdK;udkrqdk vkyfzl;w,f? wpfcgrSvJ rcRwfacsmfcJYzl;ygbl;}} &Dwdkuf&Tifvnf; wdk;wmusif;\ emrnfudk Bum;zl;\/ wdk;wmusif;rSm a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ vli,fwpfOD;NzpfNyD; odkif;ynmvnf; racvSacs/ txl;oNzifY vSHwdkav; av;q,fYudk;acsmif;udk wpfacsmif;pD qufwdkufypfvTwfEdkifaom odkif;ynmwGif emrnfausmfcJYol Nzpf\/ xdkpOf rsdK;&dk;emrnf csifqdkolu ûyH;um . . . ]]usKyf u vJ cif A sm;wd k Y & J Y a&T i g;tmrcH X meud k tm;ud k ; vd k Y & rS e f ; od v d k Y vmtyf w myg? 'gayr,f Y pnf;urf;csufoHk;csuf owfrSwfxm;w,f}} wdk;wmusif;u . . . ]]usKyfwkdYuvJ pnf;eJYurf;eJY? pnf;rsOf;uvem;eJYAs? a[m . . . t&Iyft&Sif;&dSwJY ypönf;udk vHk;0 vufrcHbl;? a[m . . . rsdK;&dk;ZpfNrpfudk rodwJY ypönf;udk vufrcHbl;? aemufwpfcku ig;aomif;atmuf wefzdk;&dSwJY ypönf;udk vHk;0 vufrcHbl;As}} wdk;wmusif;onf csifvli,f\ pum;udk qHk;atmifyif em;raxmifbJ olYpnf;rsOf;udk tvsOfpvdk &Sif;NyaeNcif;Nzpf\/ xdkpOf csifvli,fu . . . ]]usKyf&YJ ypön;f uawmY t&Iyt f &Si;f enf;enf;yg;yg;&dw S ,f? rsdK;&d;k ZpfNrpfvJ r&Si;f vif;bl;? cifAsm;&JY pnf;rsOf;eJY udkufnDzdkYrvG,fbl;? aemufNyD; usKyf&JY pnf;rsOf;uvJ rvG,fbl;cifAs? a[m yxrtcsuf 'Dypönf;udk cifAsm;udk,fwdkif acgif;aqmifNyD;awmY vkdufydkY&r,f? a[m 'kwd,tcsuf viftef;e,fuae [laye,fudk r&yfrem; ydkY&r,f? q,f&uftwGif; ta&mufydkY&r,f? aemufqHk; wu,fvdkY trSm;t,Gif; tcRwftacsmf wpfckckNzpfcJY&if a[; . . . a[; cifAsm; acgif;aqmifBuD;&JYtouf rcsrf;om&Hkru cifAsm;wdkY&JY a&Tig;tmrcHXme wpfckvHk;udk BuufiSufrusef tukefowfypfr,f}} xdpk Of wd;k wmusif;u pm;yGcJ u kH kd bke;f ceJ xkvu kd af omtoH xGuv f m\/NyD; us,favmifus,favmif toHNzifY ]]cifAsm;u usKyfudk oufouf tysif;aNy vmaemufaewmvm;?usKyfwkdY a&Tig;tmrcHXmeudk bmrsm; xifaeovJ[if? usKyfu cifAsm;udk ydefydefoG,foG,f &kyf&nf oem;urm;rdkYvdkY onf;nnf;cHaewm? EdkYrdkY&if wpfcsufwnf;eJY Nym;csyfoGm;r,f em;vnfvm;}} 60
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]at; . . . at;}}[k csifvli,fu ceJY&,f &,fNyD; pm;yGJay:odkY ypönf; wpfpHkwpfck bkef;ceJ ypfwifvdkuf\/ NyD;aemuf rdef;roHvdkvdkNzifYyif . . . ]]'D r ,f aoaocsmcsmBunf Y ? 'gu a&T ' *F * g; ES p f a xmif cif A sm;wd k Y &J Y tmrcH & J Y tctwG u f y J ? 'Da&T'*Fg;ESpfaxmif[m ydkufqH q,fodef;eJY nDrQw,f? cifAsm;wdkY tmrcHXmeu ypönf;&SifqDuae ypönf;wefzdk; wpf&mrSmrS av;usyfyJ&wmyJ? 'D aiGq,fodef;qdk cifAsm;wdkY tvkyfvkyfwmawmif&rSm r[kwfbl;}} a&Ta&mifw0if;0if; vufxaeaom a&T'*Fg;rsm;udkNrifuwnf;u us,favmifus,favmif wdk;wmusif;\ trlt&maNymif;vJNyD; NzpfoGm;\/ rSefonf/ tmrcHXme pwifzGifYonfrSpí apmapmu tcsdefxd þrQ rsm;Nym;aom a&Tudk rdrd rNrifbl;cJY/ ,ck rdrdu acgif;wpfcsufndwfvdkufonfESifY 'Da&T'*Fg;rsm;rSm tvdktavsmuf rdrdydkif Nzpf&awmYrnf[k awG;vdkufrdaomtcg wdk;wmusif; pdwfrvIyf&Sm;bJ raeEdkifygawmY/ &Dwdkuf&Tifrl vnfyif;udk b,fnm vSnfYywfí rBunfYEdkifoNzifY olYa&SYwnfYwnfYudkom Nrifae&\/ odkYaomf ,cktcsdefwGif tcef;BuD;wpfckvHk; yuwd Nidrfoufvsuf&dSaeonfudk awGY&\/ xdw k w d q f w d rf BI uD;wGif wd;k wmusi;f \ Nyif;xefaom touf&o I u H o kd m Bum;ae&\/ xdYk aBumifY tNriftm;NzifY bmrQr&dSaomfvnf; &Dwdkuf&TiftzdkY cefhrSef;írl odEdkifyg\/ wdk;wmusif;u a&T'*Fg;rsm;udk rsufvHk;NyL;aBumifaBumifNzifY ai;BunfYaeonfrSm aocsmvS\/ xdktcsdefwGif csifvli,fu . . . ]]usKyfu cifAsm;udk t&ifar;&r,fav? usKyf&JY pnf;urf;csufoHk;csufudk cifAsm; vkdufemEdkifrSmvm;}} wdk;wmusif;u wpfcsuf wGefYoGm;\/NyD;rS udk,fYaygifudk wpfcsufykwfvdkuf\/ NyD;vQif . . . ]]q&mav;u 'D a vmuf a wmif aiG y H k a y;rS a wmY usKyf u q&mav;twG u f touf p G e f Y &pG e f Y & wm0ef,l&awmYrSmaygY? q&mav;&JYypönf; b,ftcsdef ,lvmrSmvJ}} xdktcg csifvli,fu . . . ]]usKyf cifAsm;udk tmrcHcdkif;wJY ypönf;uawmY a[m'Dxrf;pifay:uvlyJ}} ]]cifAsm}} wdk;wmusif; tHYtm;toifYBuD; oifYoGm;\/ &Dwdkuf&TifrSm ydkíyif tYHBooGm;\/ olu vTwfceJ yg;pyf[í ]]usKyf . . . usKyf}} odkYaomf &Dwdkuf&Tif\ EIwfrS usKyf[laom toHom xGufvmEdkif\/ tdyfrufxJwGif bDvl;pD;cHae&olyrm b,frQyif tm;xkwfapumrl olYwpfudk,fvHk; rvIyf&Sm;Edkif&kHru toHvnf; vHk;0rûyEdkifawmYacs/ xdktcgusrSyif qHarT;tyfacsmif;ESifY vuf0g;ñSyfoHpl;cRef\ tqdyfu Nyif;xefvSaBumif; &Dwdkuf&Tif od&awmY\/,cktcsdefwGif olu em;tBum;? rsufpdtNrifu vGJvQif wpfudk,fvHk;&dS tNcm;t*Fg&yfrsm; rvIyf&Sm;EdkifawmY/ xdktcdkuf wdk;wmusif;toH qufBum;&Nyef\/ ]]'D . . . 'DvlyJvm;}} ]][kwfw,f? cifAsm;u olYudk udk,fwdkifapmifYa&SmufNyD;ydkY&r,f? vrf;wpfavQmufvHk; r&yfrem;bJ oGm;&r,f? q,f&uftwGif; [laye,fu [lwef;awmifudk ta&mufoGm;NyD; *dkPf;csKyfq&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;&JY vufxJudk ta&muftyfay;&r,f}} csifvli,f\ pum;udk &Dwdkuf&Tif Bum;vdkuf&aomf [l;ceJ oufNyif;wpfcsuf rIwfvdkufrd\/ &ifrSmvnf; aygYyg;oGm;\/ wdk;wmusif;u pum;qufNyefonf/ ]][lwef;*dkPf;? usKyfwdkY a&Smifvif*dkPf;om;awGu [lwef;*dkPf;om;awGeJY bm&efprS r&dScJYayr,fY wpfzufeJYwpfzuf tquftqH toGm;tvm vHk;0r&dSygbl;? 'g. .}} ]]'DrSm vufcH&if cHr,faNymyg? rcH&if rcHbl;aNymyg? vdk&if;yJ Bum;csifw,f}} csif v l i ,f u pd w f r &S n f o Nzif Y aNymonf / wd k ; wmusif ; \ rsuf v H k ; tBunf Y u a&T ' *F g ;yH k a y: a&mufoGm;NyD;aemuf . . . ]]aumif;NyD? q&mav;&JY tvkyfudk usKyfwdkY vufcHvdkufNyD}} xdktcg csifvli,fu ûyH;um . . . 61
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]'DaeY[m oHk;veJY ESpfq,fYudk;&uf? av;v udk;&ufaeYrSm cifAsm;u 'Dvlukd ab;roD &efrcbJeJY [lwef;awmifudk ta&mufrydkYEdkifcJY&if cifAsm;wdkY 'Da&Tig;tmrcHXmerSm &dSwJY vlaygif; ckepfq,fYwpfa,mufudk wpfa,mufrusef owfypf&vdrfYr,f}} xdpk Of &kww f &uf csiv f il ,fu vufwpfcsuf a0SY,rf;vdu k &f m &T;D &T;D toHEiS Yf twl ao;i,faom tyfacsmif;rsm; vQyfwpfNyufxGufvmNyD; tvHpdkufxm;aom aBuGtdk;wGifpdkufoGm;Bu\/ xdktcg aBuGtdk;rSm uGJNyD; ab;odkY vGifYpifoGm;avonf/ þokdYES,f vQdKY0Sufvufeufypfaom ynmrsdK;rSm wu,fyif aBumufp&maumif;vS\/ wdk;wmusif;EIwfrS ]][m}}ceJ tvefYwBum; tar!dwfûyrdouJYokdY &Dwdkuf&Tifvnf; &iftckefNrefoGm;&\/ xdkYaemuf csifvli,fu . . . ]]oGm;BupdkY}}[k qdkvdkufvQif &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; xrf;pifNzifY xrf;xm;aom vlESpfa,mufonf xrf;pifudk csxm;vdkufNyD; csifvli,fESifYtwl xGufoGm;Buavonf/ twefBumrSyif wdk;wmusif;u owdNyef&vmNyD; &Dwdkuf&Tiftem;odkY avQmufvmum . . . ]]'Du q&mBuD;&JYemrnfudk b,fvdkac:ovJ? [lwef;*dkPf;uvm;}} &Dwdkuf&Tif bmrSraNymEdkif/ wdk;wmusif;udkom ai;í BunfYae\/ wdk;wmusif;u qufí . . . ]]apmapmu [dk csifvli,f[m &kyfvJacsm? toufvJi,f? odkif;ynmuvJ tawmfYudkawmfw,f? b,f*dkPf;? b,ftzGJYuvJAs}} wdk;wmusif;uom qufwdkufar;aeonf/ &Dwdkuf&Tifrl bmrQ raNzEdkif/ aemufqHk; rsufvHk;pHkrSdwfí ta&;rpdkufovdk aevdkuf&av\/ wdk;wmusif;onf þ a&Tig;tmrcHXmeudk zGifYvSpfwnfaxmifcJYonfrSm tESpf ESpfq,fausmfvmcJYNyDNzpf&m tNzpftysurf sKd ;pHu k kd êuHcYJ z;l NyDNzpf\/ odYk &mwGif ,ckuYJ oYkd a&T'*Fg;ESpaf xmifEiS Yf vlwpfa,mufukd tmrcHNyD; apmifYa&Smuf ydkYaqmifcdkifonfY tNzpfrsdK;udk wpfcgzl;rQ rêuHcJYbl;acs/ wdk;wmusif;onf a&T'*Fg;txkwfudk olYtcef;xJodkY odrf;qnf;NyD;aemuf &Dwdkuf&Tifudkvnf; tcef;wpfcef;wGif xnfYxm;vdkuf\/ NyD;vQif csufcsif;yif olYtzGJYom;rsm;udk pka0;cdkif;apvkdufNyD; c&D;pxGuf&ef Nyifqifvdkufonf/ wpfcsdew f nf;wGif tm;xm;&aom vufaxmufEpS af ,mufEiS Yf vnf; wdww f qdwf aqG;aEG;vdu k af o;\/ aqG;aEG;aom taBumif;t&mum; tNcm;r[kwf/ csifvli,f xGufumeD;wGif aNymoGm;aom wm0efrausyGefvQif olwdkY a&Tig;tmrcHXme wpfckvHk;&dS vlrsm;tm; owfypfrnf[laompum; taBumif;t&mudk aqG;aEG;BuNcif;Nzpfonf/ olwdkY tmrcHXmewGif vlaygif; b,fESpfa,muf&dSonfudk olwdkY twdtus rwGufcJYzl;acs/ ,ck taotcsm wGufBunfYrSyif wdk;wmusif;onf rdrdtbGm; tygt0if arG;puav;? rD;zdkacsmifrS tvkyform; tygt0if vlaygif; ckepfq,fYwpfa,mufwdwd &dSaBumif; od&awmYonf/ xdktcg wdk;wmusif;wdkY oHk;OD;om;rSm pum;raNymEdkifawmYbJ wpfa,mufrsufESmwpfa,mufaBumifí BunfYaerdBuav\/ vufaxmufwpfa,mufu . . . ]]'Dtvkyfudk vufcHrdwmawmY rSm;NyDxifw,f}} wdk;wmusif;u . . . ]]ck u d p ö u 'D x d a wmif & d S a erS a wmY bmwwf E d k i f a wmYrS m vJ ? igwd k Y u tm;uk e f x k w f N yD ; 'D v l u d k [lwef;*dkPf;udka&mufatmif ydkYay;&rSmaygY? ck igwdkYu XmerSm&dSwJY toufBuD;? rdef;r? uav;oli,f tm;vHk;udk &GmxJ ydkYcdkif;vdkufr,f? 'gu toifYNyifqifwJYoabmaygY}} odkYNzifY wdk;wmusif;onf csufcsif; vlvTwfí oufBuD; uav;oli,f tm;vHk;udkac:í viftef;ûrdY\ taemufawm&Gm wpf&GmwGif acwå ykef;a&Smifae&ef apvTwfvdkufavonf/ xdkYaemufwGifawmYrl olwdkYonf &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; Nrif;vSnf;NzifYwifí c&D;pwif xGufBuawmY\/ &Dwdkuf&TifrSmrl Nrif;vSnf;ay:wGif vJavsmif;&if; tawG;rsm;pGm 0ifaerd\/
62
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rSJYBuD;ESifYvlu wdk;wmusif;tm; acgif;wpfcsufndwfí . . . ]]rdwfaqGu tckvdk yifyifyef;yef; ydkYaqmifay;wmudk aus;Zl;wifygw,f}} wdk;wmusif;u t&dktaoay;í . . . ]]ta&;rBuD;ygbl;}} rSJYBuD;ESifYvluyif . . . ]]olY'Pf&mu odyfNyif;xefawmY tcsdefaESmifYaES;vdkYrNzpfbl;av? 'gaBumifY usKyfwdkYu t&if,loGm;NyD; awmifay:rSm 'Pf&maysmufatmif ukovdkuf&r,f}} wdk;wmusif;u NrefNreftyfvQif NrefNref wm0efat;onf[k em;vnfum csufcsif;yif . . . ]]aumif;NyDav? 'Dvdkqdk&if usKyfwdkYu 'DrSmyJ [lwef;*dkPf;udk vltyfvdkufawmYr,f}} rSJYeufBuD;ESifYvlu . . . ]]rdwfaqGwdkYu tcaBu;udk tNynfYt0 &NyDvm;}} ]]&NyD;ygNyD}} odkYaomf rSJYBuD;ESifYvlu &ifbwfxJrS a&Tacsmif;wpfacsmif;xkwf,lvsuf . . . ]]'gu rdwfaqGwdkY tao;tzGJ okH;zdkYtwGufaygYAsm}}[k qdkum a&Tacsmif;udk wdk;wmusif;tm; ypfay;vdkufNyD; csufcsif;yif &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; wifaqmifxm;aom Nrif;vSnf;udkqGJí xGufcGmoGm;BuavawmY\/ wdk;wmusif;onf a&Tacsmif;udk Nyefay;&ef pdwful;vdkufaomfvnf; xdkrSJYBuD;vltzGJYrSm awmifBum;vrf;xJodkY 0ifa&mufaysmufuG,foGm;avNyD/ ]][lwef;ckepfazmf emrnfBuD;wm tvum;r[kwfbl;? igwdkY a&Smifvif*dkPf;rSmqdk&if &G,f&uf? &Tifpif; q&mawmfBuD;awGvdk oHrPd vufacsmif;odkif;udk avYusifYwJY q&mawmfawGrSmom 'DvdkoGifNyifrsdK;&dSEdkifwm}} vufaxmufwpfa,mufu wdk;wmusif; a&Tacsmif;udkBunfYNyD; ai;aBumifaeonfudk awGYaomf . . . ]]acgif;aqmifBuD;? [lwef;*dkPf;u vlawG[m wu,fYudk vlrIa&;em;rvnfBubl;? aemufNyD; uRefawmfwdkYu 'Davmufa0;vHwJY c&D;uae yifyifyef;yef; vmwmawmif uRefawmfwdkYudk olwdkY*dkPf;qDudkwufNyD; tem;,lzdkYawmif rzdwfac:bl;? tm;vHk;[m odkif;avmu u vlawGtcsif;csif;yJ? 'Davmuf ...}} wdk;wmusif;rSmvnf; pdwfxJwGif þudpöudk rausreyfNzpfaeolNzpf\/odkYaomf olu raNym0HYoNzifY ûyH;ûyH;ESifYyif/ ]]'DvkdqdkawmYvJ wpfrsdK;aumif;wmaygYuGm? wdkY oufomoGm;wmaygY? EdkYrdkY a&Smifvif*dkPf;om;u [lwef;*dkPf;e,faNrxJudk 0ifvm&wmudku uoduatmifYBuD;NzpfaewmyJuG? tckawmY awmfao;wmaygY}} xdkYaemufwGif wdk;wmusif;wkdY vlodkufonf vmvrf;twdkif; NyefvSnfYvmBuavawmY\/ olwdkYtm;vHk;rSm wm0efausyGefNyDNzpfí þwpfcgwGif olwdkY\ acgif;aqmifBuD;u olwdkYtm; aumif;aumif;BuD; qkcsawmYrnf[k awG;vsuf vGefpGm 0rf;aNrmuf0rf;om NzpfaeBuav\/ vufaxmufwpfa,mufu acgif;aqmifBuD;rsufESm romr,mNzpfaeonfudk awGY&í . . . ]]acgif;aqmifBuD;u [lwef;*dkPf;uvlawGudk rausreyf Nzpfaewkef;yJxifw,f}}[k ar;\/ wdk;wmusif;u oufNyif;csvsuf . . . ]]ig tckrS aemifw&w,f? vGefcJYwJY ESpfq,fYig;ESpfavmufwkef;u igu a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;rSm odkif;ynmoifawmY q,fYESpfESpfBumoifvdkY ynmpHkcJYw,f? ig&JYq&m &G,f&ufq&mawmfBuD;u igYudk aemufxyf ig;ESpfaeNyD; oHrPdvufig;acsmif;odkif;udk wwfatmif oifBum;NyD;rS bk&m;ausmif;uaeNyD; qif;zdkY aNymcJYwm? 'gayr,fY tJ'Dwkef;u igYudk,fig odyf[kwfaeNyDvdkY xifNyD; aemufxyf tyifyef;rcHcsifawmYbl;? 'geJY ig bk&m;ausmif;ay:u qif;vmwmyJ? wu,fvdkY igom [dkwkef;u oHrPdvufig;acsmif;odkif;udk oifcJY&if 'DaeY 'D[lwef;ckepfazmfudk bmrSrIaezdkY rvdkawmYbl;uG}} xdkpOf &kwfw&uf taemufbufrS Nrif;cGmoHrsm;Bum;vdkuf&oNzifY wdk;wmusif;wdkY acgif;vSnfYí BunfYvdkufaomtcg aNcwH&Snf Nrif;wpfaumifaemufrS aNy;vdkufvmonfudk awGYvdkuf&\/ xdkNrif;\ aNcvSrf;u vGefpGm oGufvufvSNyD; rBumrDyif olwdkYab;rS NzwfausmfoGm;\/ 65
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkokdY awG;xifrdonfESifY wdk;wmusif;rSm vGefpGmyDwdNzpfvsuf ûyH;um &,fumNzifY . . . ]]wu,fvYkd cifAsm;&JY *dP k ;f wl tpfuekd YJ naD wGuom cifAsm;avmuf azmfa&Gr,fq&kd if usKyfwYkd u tckavmufqkd [lwef;awmifay:udk a&mufNyDAs}} usef;acR;qef;u tHYBooHESifY . . . ]]b,f . . . b,fv?kd aemifBuD;u usKyfwYkd *P kd ;f wltpfuekd YJ nDawGukd awGYvu kd w f ,f [kwv f m;? b,fwek ;f uvJ? b,fESpfa,mufvJAs}} xdkar;cGef;aBumifY wdk;wmusif;\ &ifxJwGif . . . ]]tif; . . . 'DaumifvJ wu,f[efaqmifaumif;ygvm;}} [k aumufcsufcsrd\/ wpfqufwnf;wGif wdk;wmusif;u . . . ]]'DuaeY usKyfwdkY uHaumif;w,fvdkY qkd&r,fAs? wpfaeYxJrSmyJ usKyfwdkY tifrwef Nrifzl;awGYzl;csifwJY [lwef;ckepfazmfpvHk;udk awGYvdkuf&w,f}} usef;acR;qef;ydkí thHBooGm;\/ ]][if}}ceJ tmar!dwfoHwpfcsuf ûyNyD;aemuf . . . ]]usKyf&JY tpfudkeHygwfoHk; &Dwdkuf&TifudkvJ awGYvdkufw,f [kwfvm;}} ]]eHygwfoHk; &Dwdkuf&Tifvm;? bmvm;awmif rodvdkuf&bl;Asm? olwdkYu uRefawmfwdkYudk emrnfawmif aNymNycsifyrkH ay:bl;? 'gaBumifY usKyfwYkd u b,foel yH gwfb,favmuf? b,foNl zifY &Dwu kd &f iT q f w kd mrSe;f b,ford vJAs? usKyfu aNcmufa,mufpvHk;udk twlwlawGY&wmqdkawmY &Dwdkuf&Tifqdkwm wpfa,mufa,mufawmY NzpfrSmaygYAsm}} ]]aNcmufa,mufpvHk; [kwfvm;? w,fxl;qef;ygvm;? b,faNcmufa,mufvJAsm}} wdk;wmusif;u pdwfr&SnfoHNzifY . . . ]]aNymNyD;NyDaumAsm? cifAsm;&JY*dkPf;wl tpfudkawG nDawGu emrnfawmif aNymrNyawmYvJ usKyfwkdYu b,fYES,fvkyf odcGifY&rSmvJ cifAsm}} wdk;wmusif;\ avoHwGif ceJYaom oa&mfaom avoHrsdK;a&m,Sufae\/ odkYaomf usef;acR;qef;onf xdkt&mudk ta&;rpdkuftm;/olu xl;qef;aom tNzpftysufudkom pdwf0ifpm;ae\/ ]]'Dr,f cifAsm; wu,fawGYvdkufvm;}} wdk;wmusif;u ceJYûyH; ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]cufygAsm? 'DrmS usKyfwpfa,mufwnf;awGYwmr[kwb f ;l cifAsm? usKyfwYkd wpfzYJG v;kH u awGYwmAsdKY? &Si;f yvm;}} usef;acR;qef;u acgif;cg,rf;vsuf . . . ]]'gawmY b,fenf;eJYrS rNzpfEdkifbl;? usKyf&JY tpfudkBud;csdK&Tifacsmif;eJY usefwJYolawGu q&mBuD;udk reufuwnf;u 0wfûyaewmAs? awmifay:uae wpfvSrf;rS qif;csdefr&bl;Asm? q&mBuD;eJY tpfudkBuD;u tpfudkoHk; &Dwdkuf&Tif 'DaeYxdawmif Nyefrvmao;vdkY usKyfudk awmifatmufqif;NyD; apmifYBunfYcdkif;wmAs? b,fES,fYvkyf cifAsm;wdkYu tpfudkBuD;wdkYudk awGYEdkifygYrvJ}} wkd;wmusif;u awGawGa0a0 NzpfoGm;aom avoHNzifY . . . ]][d k . . . [d k b,f b uf y g;rS m rS J Y BuD ; BuD ; &d S N yD ; rS Y J B uD ; ay:rS m tarT ; awG a yguf a ewJ Y vl [ m csdK&Tifacsmif;r[kwfbl;vm;}} usef;acR;qef; wpfcsufrQ aBumifoGm;NyD;aemuf . . . ]] usKyf&JY *dkPf;wl nDtpfudkawGxJrSm b,folrSyg;rSm rJSYrygbl;As}} wdk;wmusif;onf xdkpum;udkBum;aomf &ifxJwGif &kwfw&ufat;pufoGm;\/ ]][d k . . . [d k aNcmuf a ,muf u ol w d k Y u d k , f o l w d k Y [l w ef ; ck e pf a zmf v d k Y aNymwmyJ A s? NyD ; awmY olwdkY[lwef;awmifaNcuae xGufvmBuwm? olwdkYxJrSm &aoYESpfyg;yg ygao;w,fAs? usKyfwkdYu . . .}} usef;acR;qef;u ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]usKyfwdkYq&mBuD;u &aoY0wfayr,fY usKyfwdkY wynfY ckepfa,mufpvHk; &aoYr0wfBubl;? [dkvlawGu olwdkYudk,folwdkY [lwef;*dkPf;uvdkY aNymovm;}} 67
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdktcgusrSyif wdk;wmusif;onf apmapmu Nzpf&yfudk Nyefvnf owdxm;rdawmY\/ trSefrl olwdkYuom xdkvl aNcmufa,mufudk [lwef;*dkPf;u[k xifaeNcif;NzpfNyD; xdkvlrsm;u bmrQraNymacs/ xdkvlawGu [kwfonfvnf;raNym? r[kwf[kvnf; rqdkygacs/ xdktNzpfudk owd&rdaom wdk;wmusif;onf olYvufaxmuf ESpfa,mufudk BunfYvkdufNyD;vQif . . . ]]'DyHktwdkif;qdk&if igwdkYudk [dkvlawG ywfoGm;NyDbJ? wdkY NrefNrefvdkufrSyJa[Y}} wdk;wmusif;u pum;tqHk;wGif csufcsif; Nrif;ay:ckefwufNyD; [lwef;awmifrBuD;bufodkY 'kef;pdkif; pD;oGm;avawmY\/ usef;acR;qef;onf tvm;wl Nrif;ay:ckefwufNyD; wdk;wmusif;\Nrif;ESifY,SOfvdkuf&if; . . . ]][dkvlaNcmufa,mufu wrifoufouf usKyfwdkY&JY emrnfudk bmvdkY tvGJoHk;pm;vkyfwmvJAs}} xdt k cgwd;k wmusif;u Nrif;udk 'ke;f pdik ;f pD;&if; þt&yfukd b,foYkd b,fykH a&mufvmcJYy?kH 'Pf&mNyif;xefpmG &NyD; pum;vnf;raNym? vIyfvnf; rvIyf&Sm;Edkifaom vlwpfa,mufudk [lwef;awmifodkY ta&mufydkYcdkif;vdkufyHkrsm;udk tptqHk;aNymNyav\/ usef;acR;qef;u vGefpGm tHYBoNcif;NzpfrdNyD; . . . ]][dk 'Pf&m&wJYvlu b,folvJ? touft&G,f eJY &kyf&nfuaum}} wdk;wmusif;u . . . ]]olYemrnf b,fvkdac:vJawmY rodbl;As? toufawmY oHk;q,favmufyJ &dSvdrfYr,f}} NyD;vQif wkd;wmusif;u vlyHkyef;udkyg qufvufaNymNyav\/ wdk;wmusif;\ pum;tqHk;wGif usef;acR;qef;EIwfrS [mceJ tmar!dwfoH ûyvdkufrd\/ ]]'g tpfudkoHk; &Dwdkuf&TifyJAs}} usef;acR;qef;onf vGefpGm pdwfvIyf&Sm;rdaomfvnf; csufcsif;yif wnfNidrfatmifûyvsuf b,fvufNzifY wdk;wmusif;\ Nrm;wpfpif;ES,f aNy;aeaom Nrif;\ Zufêud;udk qGJvdkufavawmYonf/
68
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tcef; (8) [lwef;ckepfazmf t&deS t f [keNf yif;pGm aNy;aeaom Nrif;rSm use;f acR;qef;u &kww f &uf vSr;f qGv J u kd o f nfEiS Yf aNcESpaf csmif;axmif ywwf&yfNyD;aemuf wHkYceJ &yfoGm;avawmY\/ wdk;wmusif;rl Nrif;ay:rS vsifNrefpGm ckefqif;NyD; "m;udkyg &Trf;ceJ qGJxkwfvdkuf\/ usef;acR;qef;u . . . ]]aemifBuD; txifrvGJygeJYAsm? cifAsm;u 'Davmuf a0;vHwJY c&D;uae wm0ef,lNyD; usKyfwdkY&JY tpfudkoHk;udk apmifYa&Smuf ac:vmwmudkyJ usKyfu aus;Zl;wifvdkY rqHk;ygbl;Asm}} wdk;wmusif;u [l;ceJ oufNyif;rIwfNyD; "m;udk "m;tdrfxJokdY NyefxnfYvdkuf\/ odkYaomf "m;&dk;udkawmYrl vufNzifY zdxm;qJyifNzpf\/ usef;acR;qef;u . . . ]]usKyf&JY tpfudkoHk;u b,fYES,fYaBumifY 'Pf&m&cJYwmvJ? &efolu b,folvJ? b,folu aemifBuD;wdkYudk vmydkYcdkif;wmvJ}} usef;acR;qef;\ oHk;cGef;aom ar;cGef;udk wdk;wmusif; raNzEdkifacs/ usef;acR;qef;\ csdKNraom rsufESmrSm ñdkarSmifoGm;ovdk xif&NyD; rsufarSmifvnf; êuwfvdkuf\/ xdkYaemuf . . . ]]tJ'Dvl aNcmufa,muf&JY yHkyef;oP²mefu b,fvdkvJ}} [k ar;Nyef\/ xdktcg wdk;wmusif;u xdkvl aNcmufa,muf\ yHkyef;oP²mefudk aNymNyvdkuf\/ usef;acR;qef;u . . . ]]'Dvdkqdk&if usKyf t&ifoGm;vdkufr,f}}[k aNymNyD; csufcsif;yif Nrif;udk 'kef;pdkif; ESifoGm;avawmY\/ Nrif;rSm Nrif;aumif;Nzpfí tvGef vsifNref\/ [lwef;ckepfazmfrSm twlwuG odkif;ynmoifBum; avYusifYvmolrsm;Nzpf&m wpfOD;udkwpfOD; aoG;&if;om;&if; nDtpfudk&if;yrm cspfcifwG,fwmBu\/ ,ckvnf; usef;acR;qef;onf ol\ *dkPf;wl tpfudkoHk; &Dwdkuf&Tifwpfa,muf 'Pf&m tNyif;txef&NyD; &if;Nrpfrodaom vlwpfpk\ vufxJodkY a&mufoGm;onfudk Bum;od&aomf vGefpGm ylyefaomu Nzpfrd&Sm\/ usef;acR;qef;onf awmifaNcvrf;cGJodkY a&mufonfESifY taemufbuf awmifBum;vrf;odkY qufESifvdkuf\/ wpfem&DausmftcsdefrQ 'kef;pdkif;NyD;aomf Nrif;onf arm[dkufvmNyD; aNcvSrf;aES;auG;vmav\/ 69
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]tpfuo kd ;kH u odik ;f ynm 'DavmufawmfvsufeYJ b,fvakd BumifY 'Davmuf 'Pf&m Nyif;Nyif;xefxef &cJYygvdrYf }} xdkpOf olYNrif;u &kwfw&uf [DoHay;NyD; vrf;rudkcGJí awmtkyfxJokdY vSnfY0ifvkdufaBumif; odvdkuf&\/ usef;acR;qef;vnf; wpfpHkwpfck xl;Ncm;NyD[k odvdkufonfESifY Nrif;\ tvdkus awmvrf;twdkif; oGm;apvdkuf\/ awmtkyx f o J Ydk 0ifvu kd o f nfEiS Yf vJûydaeaom Nrif;vSn;f wpfp;D udk awGY&NyD; Nrif;ESpaf umif vJus aoqH;k aeonfuv kd nf; awG;vdkuf&\/ usef;acR;qef;onf csufcsif; Nrif;ay:rS ckefqif;vdkufNyD; Nrif;vSnf;udk zGifYBunfYvdkuf&m twGif;bufwGif vlwpfa,mufrQ rawGY&acs/ olu ab;ywfvnfoYdk BunfY&v I u kd af omtcgwGirf l NrufawmwGif arSmufvsufvaJ eaom vlwpfa,mufukd awGYvu kd &f \/xdo k l arSmufvaJ eaom yHo k P²mefu vlaotavmif;ESiYf wv l \ S / usef;acR;qef;onf &if w 'd w f ' d w f N zif Y xd k v l Y tem;ok d Y aNy;oG m ;NyD ; Bunf Y vd k u f & m aemuf a usmud k Bunf Y &k H E S i f Y yif ol \ tpfudkoHk;&Dwdkuf&TifNzpfaBumif; odvdkuf\/ olu &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; tvsiftNref ayGYxlvdkuf\/ naecif;csdef aea&mifatmufwGif &Dwdkuf&Tif\ rsufESmwpfckvHk; NzLa&mfaeNyD; vHk;0 toufr&dSawmYouJYodkY Nzpfae\/ usef;acR;qef;onf wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;pGmNzifY &Dwdkuf&Tif\ rsufESmudk prf;oyf udkifwG,fBunfYvdkuf\/ awmf y gao;\/ tenf ; i,f aEG ; axG ; vsuf & d S o nf r[k w f y gvm;/ &if 0 ok d Y vuf u av;Nzif Y tomzd í prf;vdkufaomtcgwGifvnf; ESvHk;om;rSm ckefaeao;av\/ odkY&mwGif ESvHk;ckefEIef;rSm rrSefcsifawmY/ ckefwpfcsuf &yfwpfcsuNfzifY tcsdefra&G; ûzef;ceJ &yfoGm;Edkifaom taNctae&dS\/ usef;acR;qef;u rsuf&nfrqnfEdkif? idk&SdKufoHwpf0ufNzifY . . . ]]tpfudkoHk; b,fvdkaBumifY ckvdkNzpfvm&wmvJ? tckar;aewm tpfudk&JY nDav; usef;acR;qef;av}} usef;acR;qef;u rsuf&nfrqnfEdkif/ &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; nifompGm ayGYxlvdkuf\/ &Dwdkuf&Tif\ vufESpfbufrSm aysmYacGvsuf atmufbufokdY wGJavsmif;usaeonfudk awGY&\/ trSefpifppf &Dwdkuf&Tif\ aNc? vuf t&dk;rsm;usdK;ukef&kHru vufacsmif;t&dk;rsm;? vufaumuf0wf t&dk;? vufarmif;&dk;? aygif&dk; tm;vHk;aoG;rsm; wpdrfYpdrfY ,dkxGufaeavNyD/ ,if;tNzpfudk BunfYNcif;NzifY &efolrSm &Dwdkuf&Tif\ t&dk;rsm;udk pdefaNyeaNy csdK;vdkufNcif;NzpfaBumif; xif&Sm;vS\/ vGefpGm&ufpufBurf;êuwfaom vlrsm;yif/ use;f acR;qef;onf vGepf mG a'goxGuo f mG ;\/ olu &eforl sm; xGucf mG oGm;onfrmS rBumao;aBumif;od\/ rdrd\Nrif;ESifY tNrefvdkufvQif rDEdkifayonf/ okdY&mwGif olYacgif;xJodkY pOf;pm;zG,frsm; 0ifvm\/ ]]tpfudkoHk;&JY 'Pf&mu odyfNyif;xefaeawmY olYtoufudk t&ifu,fzdkY ta&;BuD;w,f? &efNidK;qdkwm a[mif;w,fvdkY r&dSygbl;? q,fESpfumvusrSacsacs &ygao;w,f}} olu Nrif;pD;NyD; oGm;BurnfqdkvQif &Dwdkuf&Tif\ cE¨mudk,f vIyfcgNyD; 'Pf&m ydkqdk;rnfpdk;onf/ xdkYaBumifY &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; ayGYzufxm;NyD; awmifay:okdY wNznf;Nznf;wufoGm;av\/ olYNrif;rSm olYocifaemufrS cyfrSefrSefvdkufvmae\/ þaeYonfum; [lwef;*dkPf;udk pwif onfaxmifaom *dkPf;csKyfq&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;\ touf ud;k q,fEpS af Nrmuf arG;aeYyifNzpf\/ eHeufO;D uwnf;uyif wynfYaNcmufa,mufu usef;qef;zke;f udk uefawmYBu\/ wynfYckepfa,mufwGif wwd,wynfY &Dwdkuf&Tifwpfa,mufom vkdae\/ q&mBuD;usef;qef;zkef; tygt0if olYwynfYrsm;tm;vHk;onf &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; vGefpGm pdwfcsBu\/ &Dwdkuf&Tifonf tvkyf vkyf&mwGif aocsm\/ apYpyf\/ xdkYaBumifY vrf;c&D;wGif rnfonfYNyóemrQ NzpfyGm;vdrfYrnfr[kwf[k ,HkBunfxm;\/ arG;aeYtrD ol a&mufvmvdrfYrnf[kvnf; wGufqxm;Bu\/ odkY&mwGif ,aeY aeYv,fcif;wdkifatmif olNyefvmonfudk rawGY&aomtcg usef;acR;qef;udkvTwfí awmifaNcodkY oGm;apmifYcdkif;vdkuf\/ odkYaomf usef;acR;qef;om xGufoGm;aomfvnf; owif;wpfpHkwpf&m Nyefay:rvmacs/ naecif;wdkifatmifvnf; vlrvm owif;rBum;Nzpfíaeav\/ ,ckqdkvQif {nfYcef;aqmif tv,fA[dkwGif pm;yGJrsm;udk wnfcif;xm;NyD;Nzpf\/ za,mif;wdkif? tarT;wkid rf sm;vnf; xGe;f xm;\/ tm;vH;k rSm apmifYpm;&if; pdwv f yI &f mS ;vmBuavNyD/ eHygwfaNcmufwynfY csifv&d eS Ef iS Yf wynfYeHygwfckepf armfukqef;wdkY eSpfa,mufrSm tayguf0wGif 0ifvdkufxGufvdkuf &yfaeonfrSm tBudrfBudrf tcgcg? 70
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usef;qef;zkef;rl w&m;orm;Nzpfí pdwftpOfrSm wnfNidrfae\/ olu olYwynfY ESpfa,mufpvHk;\ t&nftcsif;udk ,HkBunf\/ ,ck xdkwynfY ESpfa,mufpvHk; Nyefa&mufcsdefwefvsuf Nyefrvmao;onfudk od&\/ ta&;BuD;aom udpöwpfckESifY &ifqdkifae&NyDNzpfaBumif; csufcsif;odvdkuf\/ xdkpOfwGifyif wynfYBuD; csdK&Tifacsmif;u za,mif;wdkifudkBunfYNyD; rsufESmcsdKaoG;um . . . ]]q&m? nDav; &Dwdkuf&TifeJY usef;acR;qef;wdkY[m {uEÅ ta&;BuD;wJY udpöwpfckckeJY êuHaeNyDxifw,f? olwdkYu q&mYarG;aeYrSm aumif;rIwpfckckûyNyD; q&mYudk uefawmYwm Nzpf&r,f}} usef;qef;zkef;u NzLqGwfaeaom rkwfqdwfarT;rsm;udk yGwfoyf&if; &,fvsuf . . . ]]tif; . . . tif;? ig touf&Spfq,fNynfYwJYaeYwkef;u rif;u a&wGif;xJudk ckefcsNyD; aoaBumif;BuHwJY rkqdk;rwpfa,mufudk u,fcJYw,f? odyfaumif;wmaygY? 'gayr,fY q,fESpfNynfYrSm aumif;rIwpfckck ûyBuwmawmY [kwfyg&JY? olrsm;awGu vnfwqefYqefYeJY apmifYarQmfae&wmrsdK;awmY odyfarmwmaygYuGm}}[k aNymvdkuf&m wynfY ig;a,mufpvHk; w[m;[m; &,farmBuavawmY\/ trSefpifppf odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;rSm *dkPf;csKyfq&mBuD; Nzpfaomfvnf; taetxdkif yGifYvif;NyD; &,fp&m &Tifp&m [mo&o pum;vHk;rsm;vnf; aNymwwfavonf/ xdktcdkuf wynfYBuD; csdK&Tifacsmif;ESifY wynfY eHygwfESpf &Dvifwef;u &kwfw&uf tNyifbufodkY aNy;xGufoGm;NyD; atmfí . . . ]]nDav; &Dwdkuf&Tifvm;}} ]]uRef . . . uRefawmfyg}} usef;acR;qef;\ NyefaNzoH ay:xGufvm\/olYtoHwGif idk&SdKufoH a&maESmvsufae\/ olYvufxJwGifvnf; vlwpfa,mufudk ayGYzufxm;NyD; wpfudk,fvHk; aoG;rsm;ygayusHvsuf rsufESmwpfckvHk; acR;rsm;NzifY &TJepfae\/ olu tcef;xJodkY aNy;0ifvmNyD; odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;\ a&SYwGif 'l;axmufum . . . ]]q&m . . . tpfudkoHk; vkyfBuHcH& . . .}} tm;vH;k tvefYwBum;NzpfomG ;pOf usef;acR;qef;rSm ud, k w f pfcsuf a&SYiu kd u f soGm;NyD; vJusoGm;av\/ trSerf l olonf a0;vHaom awmifwufvrf;c&D; wpfavQmufvHk; r&yfrem;bJ aNy;vm&NyD; pdwfESvHk;rSmvnf; vGefpGm emBunf; ylaqG;aeaomaBumifY aemufqHk;q&mESifY *dkPf;wl nDtpfudkrsm; a&SYarSmufodkY a&mufaomf arYvJoGm;Ncif;yif Nzpf\/ csdK&Tifacsmif;ESifY &Dvifwef;wkdYu tawGYtêuH&dSolrsm; Nzpf\/ usef;acR;qef;rSm arY&kHom arYvJusNcif;NzpfNyD; &Dwdkuf&TifrSmrl aoa&;&Sifa&;Nzpfaeí olwdkYu &Dwdkuf&Tifudkom zrf;qD;,lvdkufonf/ odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;rSm wpfcsufBunfY&kHESifYyif &dwdkuf&TifrSm vGefpGm 'Pf&mNyif;xefaeaBumif; odvdkuf\/ xkdYaBumifY twGif;buftcef;odkY csufcsif;0ifNyD; aq;vHk;xnfYxm;aom ykvif;rsm;udk xkwf,lvdkuf\/ xkdykvif;xJrS aq;vHk;rsm;rSm 'Pf&mNyif;xefpGm &&dSaomvl\ toufudkyif qufay;EdkifpGrf;aom aq;vHk;rsm;yif Nzpfyg\/ odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;onf ykvif;udk rzGifYEdkifawmYbJ vufNzifYyif tzHk;udkaNcGvdkufNyD; twGif;rS aq;vkH;oHk;vHk;udk xkwf,lum &Dwdkuf&Tif\ yg;pyfxJodkY xnfYvdkuf\/ odkYaom &Dwdkuf&TifrSm owdvHk;0 arYarsmaeolNzpf&m aq;vHk;rsm;udk rrsdKcsEdkif/ usef ; qef ; zk e f ; u vuf E S p f b uf r S vuf ñ d S K ;ES i f Y vuf r ud k p í xd y f r sm;Nzif Y &D w d k u f & T i f \ em;&G u f x d y f r sm;txuf v uf r 0uf c ef Y a e&mud k z d í twG i f ; tm;Nzif Y Ed S y f v d k u f a v\/ ol \ Nynf Y 0 vS a om twGif;tm;NzifYqdkygvQif b,favmufyif 'Pf&mNyifxefí arYaNrmaeol Nzpfaprl cPpOftwGif; Nyefvnf owd&vmEdkif\/ odYk &mwGif ,ckrl q,fcsufausmfrQ zdEySd yf gaomfvnf; &Dwu kd &f iT rf mS vH;k 0rvIy/f odik ;f q&mBuD; usef;qef;zke;f u rwwfEdkifonfYtqHk; yg;&dk;ESpfbufudk ESdyfvdkuf&m &Dwdkuf&Tif\ yg;pyfu yGifYvmawmY\/ xdktcg aq;vHk;oHk;vHk;u yg;pyfxo J Ykd 0ifomG ;NyD; &Dwu kd &f iT rf mS tvdt k avsmuf aq;vH;k oH;k vH;k udk rsdKcsvdu k \ f / okYd &mwGif &Dwu kd &f iT \ f vnfrsdKrSm awmifYwif;aeoNzifY aq;vHk;udk usoGm;atmif rsdKrcsEdkifay/ 71
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdktcg okdif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;\ eHygwfav;wynfY usef;qHkusD;u &Dwdkuf&Tif\ vnfrsdKBuGufom;udk ESdyfES,fay;av\/ csdK&Tifacsmif;ESifY &Dvifwef;wdkYrSmrl *dkPf;xJodkY p0ifuwnf;u olwdkYq&mrSm b,frQyif ta&;BuD;BuD; cufcJaom Nyóemrqdk [efrysuf wnfNidrfpGmNzifY vkyfudkifEdkifonfudk awGYcJY&\/ odkYaomf ,cktBudrfwGifrl olwdkYq&m\ rsufESm trlt&mrSm vGefpGm vIyf&Sm;aeNyD; vufacsmif;rsm;rSmvnf; rodrom wkef&Dvsuf&dSonfudk awGY&\/ ,if;udk BunfYNcif;NzifY &Dwdkuf&Tif\ 'Pf&mrSm tvGefYtvGefNyif;xefaeaBumif; odomvS\/ tcsdeftwefBumaomf usef;acR;qef;vnf; owdNyef&vm\/ olu aumufumiifum . . . ]]q&m tpfudkoHk; taNctae b,fvdkNzpfEdkifao;vJq&m}} usef;qef;zkef;u . . . ]]usef;acR;qef; avmurSm aoNcif;w&m;udk b,fol wkûydifEdkifvdkY &rSmvJ}}[k NyefaNzvdkuf\/ xdktcdkuf tdrfapwpfa,muf 0ifvmNyD; . . . ]]tNyifbufrSm tmrcHXmeu vlwpfodkuf a&mufaeygw,f? q&mBuD;eJY awGYcsifvdkYwJY? viftef;ûrdYu a&Tig; tmrcHXmeu acgif;aqmifBud; wdk;wmusif;wJY}} usef;acR;qef; &kwfw&uf rwfwwf&yfvdkufNyD; a'goNzifY . . . ]]'DaumifYaBumifYaygY q&m}}[k aNymNyD; tNyifbufodkY ckefxGufoGm;\/ csufcsif;yif aNray:odkY "m;usoGm;oHrsm;udk tqufrNywf Bum;&av\/ eHygwfaNcmuf csifvd&SefESifY eHygwfckepf armfukqef;wdkYuvnf; csufcsif; ckefxGufNyD; tpfudkig;udk ulnD&efNyifvdkuf\/ xdkpOf usef;acR;qef;u vlwpfa,mufudk ukwfrSqGJí tcef;xJokdY 0ifvmNyD; aNrBuD;ay:odkY csvdkuf\/ usef;acR;qef;u a'gooHNzifY . . . ]]'DaumifBuD;vkyfvdkY tpfudkoHk; tckvdkNzpf&wm}} csefvd&SefrSm [lwef;ckepfazmfwGif pdwftNrefqHk;Nzpf\/ xdkpum;udk Bum;aomf csufcsif; ckefxGufí aNcaxmufNzifY xdkvludkuef&ef ûyvdkuf\/ csdK&Tifacsmif;u . . . ]]nDav; csifvd&Sef? rvkyfeJYOD;}}[k vSrf;atmfvdkuf\/xdkpOf tNyifbufrS vlwpfa,mufu . . . ]]cifAsm;wdkY [lwef;*dkPf;u 'DvdkyJ &rf;um;wmvm;? usKyfwdkYu apwemoefYoefYeJY cifAsm;wdkYudk vmNyD;awGYwmAs? cifAsm;wdkYu oufouf tEdkifusifY apmfum;csifwmvm;}}[k atmfaNymav\/ csdK&Tifacsmif;u rsufarSmiftomukwfvdkufNyD; aNrBuD;ay:wGif taBumydwfcHvdkuf&í vJavsmif;aeaom wdk;wmusif;udk taBumaNzay;NyD;vQif . . . ]]tNyifbufu rdwfaqGwdkY qlqlnHnH rvkyfBuygeJY? cPavmuf apmifYaeyg?usKyfu tNzpfrSefukd qHk;Nzwfay;ygYr,f}} xdkavoHrSm vGefpGm rmefygNyD; twGif;tm;vnf; vGefpGmNynfY0ay&m toHrSm [def;xGufvm\/ wd;k wmusif;\ vufaxmufEpS af ,mufu xdt k oHukd Bum;&aomtcg odik ;f q&mBuD; usef;qef;zke;f ud, k w f ikd f aNymvdkufonf[kxifrSwfum NidrfoufoGm;Buav\/ csdK&Tifacsmif;uyif qufí . . . ]]nDav; usef;acR;qef;? rif; avmrBuD;eJY? Nznf;Nznf;aNym? nDav; &Dwdkuf&Tifu b,fvdkaBumifY 'Pf&m tNyif;txef&cJYwmvJ}} csdK&Tifacsmif;u wdk;wmusif;\ odkif;ynmavmufESifY &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; b,fenf;ESifYrQ 'Pf&m&atmif rûyEdkifaBumif;od\/ xdkYaBumifY wdk;wmusif;tm; taBumif;pHkzGifY[ aNymNyvm&ef csdKomaomtoHNzifY azsmif;zs ar;Nref;av\/ wdk;wmusif;vnf; &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; rsdK;&dk;emrnf ]]csif}} qdkaom vli,fwpfa,mufu vmtyfcJYaBumif;rS pum aemufqHk; usef;acR;qef;ESifY awGYqHkcJYyHk tqHk; wpfvHk;rusef zGifY[aNymNyavawmY\/ 72
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; aemufqHk;wGif olu aBuuGJaqG;aNrYaomtoHNzifY . . . ]]tpfudkav; csdK&Tifacsmif;? usKyfwdkYu 'Dudpöudk aqmif&Gufwm cRwfacsmfoGm;vdkY cifAsm;&JYnDav; tckvdk Nzpf&wmyg? 'gu usKyfwdkY&JY tNypfyg? usKyfwdkY a&Tig;tmrcHXmeu vlawGtm;vHk;vJ tcktcsdefavmufqdk towfcH&NyDvm;awmif rodbl;Asm}} usef;qef;zkef;rSm wpfcsdefvHk;vdkvkdyif &Dwdkuf&Tif\ aemufaBum&dS taBumr ESpfckudk vuf0g;NzifYuyfí twGif;tm;oHk;um ESdyfvsuf&dS\/ xdktcdkuf wkd;wmusif;\ pum;udk Bum;aomf &kwfw&uf . . . ]]&Dvifwef; rif;u armfukqef;udk ac:NyD; csufcsif; viftef;ûrdYudk vkdufoGm;vdkuf? a&Tig;tmrcHXmeu oufBuD;&G,fBuD;eJY rdef;r? uav;awGudk apmifYa&Smufvdkuf}}[k trdefYay;av\/ &Dvifwef;u wpfcsufrQ aBumiftrf;trf;NzpfoGm;\/ odkYaomf csufcsif;yif olYq&m\ Buifemwwfaom pdwfaeoabmxm;udk odvdkuf\/ ]]csif}}vli,fu wdk;wmusif;tm; tu,fí þudpu ö dk aqmif&Guf&mwGif cRwfacsmfcJYaomf a&Tig;tmrcHXSme&dS vlaygif;ckepfq,fYwpfa,mufudk owfypfrnf[k owday;xm;\/ xdkYaBumifYvnf; q&mu olwdkY ESpfa,mufudk oGm;a&muf apmifYa&Smuf&ef apcdkif;Ncif;Nzpf\/ usef;acR;qef;u . . . ]]q&m? olwdkYaBumifY tpfudkoHk; 'DvkdNzpf&wm}} usef;qef;zkef;u acgif;cgNy\/ csdK&Tifacsmif;u . . . ]]nDav; rif; bmvkdY oabmxm;ao;&wmvJuG? acgif;aqmifBuD; wdk;wmusif;u rif;&JY tpfudkoHk;udk ta0;uaeNyD; apmifYa&SmufcJYwmudkawmY rif;u xnfYrwGufbl;vm;[if}} [lwef;*dkPf;om;xJwGif wynfYBuD; csdK&Tifacsmif;rSm BoZm t&dSeft0g tBuD;qHk;Nzpf\/ csdK&Tifacsmif;onf odkif;ynma&m touft&G,fyg usef*dkPf;wl nDav;rsm;xuf BuD;rm;\/ xdkYaBumifY usef;*dkPf;wlnDav;rsm;u olYudk vGefpGm av;pm;Bu\/,ckvnf; csdK&Tifacsmif;u wpfcGef;vSrf;atmfvdkufonfESifY bmrQ qufvufí raNym0HYawmYacs/ csdK&Tifacsmif;uyif qufí . . . ]]nDav; &Dvifwef;? taNctaeu odyfta&;BuD;aew,f? q&m trdefY&dSovdk rif;u nDav;armfukqef;udk ac:NyD; tckcsufcsif;yJ vdkufoGm;awmY}} od k Y N zif Y &D v if w ef ; ES i f Y armf u k q ef ; wd k Y o nf csuf c sif ; yif ypö n f ; ypö , rsm;ES i f Y vuf e uf r sm;ud k odrf;qnf;Nyifqif&ef xGufcGmoGm;avawmY\/ wd;k wmusi;f rSmrl [lwef;*dP k ;f u rdrw d Ykd rdom;pktwGuf umuG,af pmifYa&Smuf&ef Nyifqifaeonfukd Nrif&aomf rsuf E S m b,f o d k Y x m;&rnf r S e f ; rod a tmif Nzpf o G m ;\/ &if x J w G i f v nf ; trsd K ;trnf razmf N yEd k i f a om cHpm;csufrsdK;cHpm;vdu k &f \/ olu vufEpS zf ufukd pkí odik ;f q&mBuD; usef;qef;zke;f tm; t&dt k ao wpfcsufay;NyD;vQif ]]q&mBuD; uRefawmfwdkY&JY udpt ö wGufeJY q&mBuD;wynfYawGudk 'ku©ray;ygeJY? uRefawmfwdkY NyefygawmYr,f? cGifYûyygOD;}} csdK&Tifacsmif;u Bum;Nzwfí . . . ]]cifAsm;wdkYtm;vkH; 'Dn 'DrSmyJ tem;,lvdkufBuyg? usKyfwkdYu cifAsm;wdkYudk ar;p&mawG &dSygao;w,f}} olYavoHrSm nifom wdk;wdwfaomfvnf; BoZmtmPmoHaESmae\/ wpfzufom; rNiif;qefEdkifatmif BoZmoufa&mufrI&dS\/ xdkYaBumifY wdk;wmusif;wdkY vlodkufrSm rwwfomonfY tqHk; ab;wGif 0ifxdkifvkdufBu\/ &D v if w ef ; ES i f Y armf u k q ef ; wd k Y ES p f a ,muf u m; arY a rsmaeaom &D w d k u f & T i f t m; wpf c suf B unf Y v d k u f N yD ; rsuf&nfa0YvnfpGmESifYyif xGufcGmoGm;BuavawmY\/ xdt k csdew f iG f cef;rBuD;wpfcv k ;kH wdwq f w d Nf idro f ufaeNyD;vQif odik ;f q&mBuD; usef;qef;zke;f \ touf&LS oHEiS Yf ouf N yif ; rI w f x k w f o H u d k Bum;ae&\/ ,if ; tcd k u f usef ; qef ; zk e f ; \ i,f x d y f a y:rS taiGYwaxmif;axmif;xGufaeonf[k xifvkduf&\/ em&D0ufcefY Bumvwfaomf &Dwdkuf&TifrSm ]]tm;}}ceJ wpfcsufatmfvdkuf\/ 73
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]q&m? 'Dodkif;avmurSm vlxl;vlcRefwpfa,mufu udk,fYbmomudk,f avYusifY&ifum 'DoHrPd vufacsmif;odkif;rsdK; &Edkifygovm;}} usef;qef;zkef;u acgif;cg,rf;vsuf . . . ]]'Dynmu a&Smifvif*dkPf;&JY tESpfwpfaxmifausmf pkaqmif;vmcJY&wJY tawGYtêuHxJuae ppfxkwfvdkufwJY tqDtESpfawGyJ? 'gaBumifY 'Dvdk eufeJcufcJwJY odkif;ynmrsdK;&vmcJYwm? 'DynmrsdK;u wpfESpf? ESpfESpf? q,fESpf? tES p f E S p f q ,f a vmuf e J Y wD x G i f avY u sif Y v d k Y & wJ Y ynmrsd K ;r[k w f b l ; ? vl w pf a ,muf u b,f a vmuf y J ÓPfaumif;aeygap? 'D oHrPdvufacsmif;odkif;ynmudk avYusifYwJYenf;udk rwDxGifEdkifygbl;}} pum;udk acwå&yfNyD;aemuf qufvufí . . . ]]q&m a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;rSm aewkef;u odkif;ynmroifcJY&bl;? q&mu tcktcsdefxd 'Dvkd omref aoG;om;t&dk;awGudk b,fvdkvkyfNyD; rmatmif avYusifYEdkifBuw,fqdkwm pOf;pm;vdkYudk r&Edkifbl;}} xdkpOf csdK&Tifacsmif;\ rsufvHk;wGif xl;qef;aom ta&mifwpfcsuf 0if;vufoGm;NyD;vQif . . . ]]nDav; &Dwdkuf&Tif&JY aNcvufawGudk 'D oHrPdvufacsmif;odkif;ynmeJYyJ csdK;vdkufwmyJ}} csifvd&SefrSm xdkpum;aBumifY ]][m}}ceJ atmfí rsuf&nf ,dkpD;usvmNyef\/ wdk;wmusif;rSmvnf; &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; &uf&ufpufpuf 'Pf&mNyif;xefpGm&atmif ûyvdkufolrSm a&Smifvif*dkPf;om;Nzpfonfudk awGYaomf wkefvIyfoGm;\/ olu xpfxpfaigYaigYNzifY . . . ]]'g . . . 'g rNzpfEdkifbl;? usKyf a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;rsm odkif;ynmudk q,fESpfausmf oifvmcJYwm? 'Dvludk wpfcgrS rawGYzl;bl;}} csdK&Tifacsmif;u bmrQraNymbJ qdwfqdwfae&mrS . . . ]]nDav; csifvd&Sef? rif;u acgif;aqmifNyD; wdk;wmusif;udk {nfYcef;xJ ydkYay;vdkufyg? aemufNyD; tmzrfudk aoaocsmcsmrSmvdkuf? {nfYonfawGudk aumif;aumif;rGefrGef {nfYcHygvdkY}} xdktcg csifvd&Sefu wdk;wmusif;wdkY vlodkufudk ac:oGm;av\/ csifvd&Sef NyefxGufvmaomtcsdefwGif cef;rxJü csdK&Tifacsmif;wdkYu q&mBuD;a&SY xdkifaeonfudk awGY&oNzifYolvnf; usef;acR;qef;eHab;wGif uyfí xdkifcsvdkuf\/ usef;qef;zkef;u tNyifbuf&dS opfyifudk ai;armBunfYvdkufNyD; twefBum acgif;cgum . . . ]]'Dudpöu tawmfYudk aNz&Sif;udkifwG,f&cufwJY udpöyJuG,fY? usef;qHkusD; rif; b,fvdkoabm&vJ}} pifppf [lwef;ckepfazmfxw J iG f usef;qHu k sD;onf ÓPftaumif;qH;k Nzpf\/ olonf b,fupd u ö rkd qdk aocsmpGm pOf;pm; wGufcsufNyD;rS NyD;aNrmufatmif vkyfavY&dS\/ olonf cgwdkif;qdkvQif vGefpGm pum;enf;\/ odkYaomf olaNymaom pum;&yfwdkif; rSefonfcsnf;yif Nzpfavonf/ ,ckwpfcgvnf; usef;acR;qef;u 'Pf&mtNyif;txef &aeaom &Dwu kd &f iT u f kd ayGYcsDvmonfuNkd rifaomtcg olonf vGefpGm pdwfxdcdkufoGm;\/ odkYaomf olu qdwfqdwfaevsuf wpfcsdefvHk; xdktaBumif;udk om tEkvHk y#dvHk oHk;oyfae\/ ,cktcg q&mu olYxifNrifcsufESifY oabmxm;udk ar;Nref;vmNyDNzpf&m olu . .. ]]uRefawmfYtaeeJY xifwmuawmY wu,fYZpfNrpfu a&Smifvif*dkPf; r[kwfbl;? e*g;Edkif"m;yg}} usef;acR;qef;ESifY csifvd&SefwdkYESpfa,muf\ EIwfrS ]][m}}ceJ tmar!dwfûyrdvdkufBu\/ csdK&Tifacsmif;url... ]]nDav;u 'DvdkaNymw,fqdkawmY taBumif;&if;udk pOf;pm;NyD;NyD xifw,f? aNymyg? zGifYaNymyg? tm;vHk; pOf;pm;aqG;aEG;BunfYBu&wmaygY}} usef;qHkusD;u . .. ]]tpfudkoHk;u tvkyfvkyfwJYae&mrSm aooyfw,f? apYpyfw,f? aemufNyD; oli,fcsif;rdwfaqGvJ aygif;oif;wwfw,f? 'gaBumifY awmf&w Hk ef&Hk udpeö YJ olrsm;eJY &efûid;zGYJ rrd mS r[kwb f ;l ? tpfuo kd ;kH oGm;okwo f ifvu kd w f YJ vlqdk;BuD;qdkwmvJ odkif;avmuu vlawGtm;vHk; &GH&Smrkef;wD;aewJY vlyJ? 'DvlYtwGufeJYawmY a&Smifvif*dkPf;u vlawGu tpfudkoHk;udk 'Dvdk &uf&ufpufpuf vkyfBuHrSm r[kwfbl;}} usef;qef;zkef;u aocsmpGm em;axmif&if; acgif;ndwfNyvdkuf\/ usef;qHkusD;u qufqdkNyef\/ 75
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]tpfudkoHk;&JY aNcvufawGudk csdK;wmu tNyif'Pf&m? 'gayr,fY ol viftef;ûrdYudk a&mufaeuwnf;u tqdyfoifYaeNyD? 'gaBumifY uRefawmfY&JY oabmuawmY t&ifqHk;viftef;ûrdYudkoGm;NyD; tpfudkoHk;b,fenf;b,fyHk tqdyfoifYcJY&w,fqdkwmudk yxrqHk; pHkprf;oifYw,f}} odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;u acgif;ndwfvsuf. . . ]]&Dwdkuf&Tif&JY udk,fxJu tqdyf[m odyfxl;qef;wmyJ? q&m tckxufxd 'Dtqdyf bmtqdyfqdkwmudk a0cGJvdkYr&ao;bl;? olYvuf0g;rSm taygufao; ckepfayguf? aygifeJY &ifbwfrSm taygufESpfck&dSw,fuG,fY? odkif;avmurSm 'Dvdk &ufpufNyif;xefwJY tqdyfrsdK;udkoHk;wJY xdyfoD; odkif;orm;udk q&m rawGYzl;ao;bl;}} csdK&Tifacsmif;u . . . ]]'Dudpu ö wu,fYudk xl;qef;wmyJ? omrefyJpOf;pm;r,fqdk&if 'Davmufao;i,fwJY vQdKY0SufvufeufeJYypfNyD; &Dwdkuf&Tifvdk vluvJ ra&Smif&Sm;Edkifbl;qdk&if tJ'Dvl&JY odkif;ynm[m yxrwef;tqifYa&mufaeNyDyJ? 'gayr,fY wu,fyxrwef;tqifYa&mufwJY odkif;orm;awGusawmY b,folu 'Dvdk &ufpuf,kwfrmwJY tqdyfvl;wJY vQdKY0SufvufeufeJY ypfygYrvJ}} xdkpum;aBumifY tm;vHk; NidrfoufoGm;Bu\/ olwdkY tm;vHk; taNzrSef pOf;pm;ír&atmif Nzpfae\/ twefBumrS usef;qHkusD;u . . . ]][dk yg;rSm rSJYBuD;eJYvlu bmNzpfvdkY tpfudkoHk;&JY aNcvuft&dk;eJY taBumawGudk acszsufypf&wmvJ? olu wu,fvdkY tpfudkoHk;eJY &efûid;&dS&ifvJyJ tpfudkoHk;udk ol wpfcgwnf; owfypfvdkufrSmyJ? bmNzpfvkdY 'Davmuf oHo&m&Snfatmif vkyfaeOD;rSmvJ? 'gu &Sif;aew,f? olwdkYu tpfudkoHk;udk wpfpHkwpfck ppfar;aewmyJ? olwdkY bmar;EdkifovJ? uRefawmfYtxifawmY [dk e*g;Edkif"m;yJ Nzpf&r,f? wdk;wmusif; NyefaNymwkef;u aNymcJYw,f? [dkvlaNcmufa,mufwnf;rSm tv,fuwpfa,mufu ar;vkdufw,fwJY? e*g;Edkif"m; b,frSmvJwJY}} csdK&Tifacsmif;u . . . ]]e*g;Edkif"m;? OD;xdyfxm;? zl;aNrmfuefawmY? &dScdk;avmY qdkwJY pmcsdK;u vGefcJYwJY ESpfaygif; oHk;av;&mavmufu xGufay:cJYwmr[kwfvm;? tck wu,f 'De*g;Edkif"m; xGufay:vmNyDvm;}} usef;qef;zkef;u raeomawmYí . . . ]]ESpfaygif; av;&mu pmcsdK; r[kwfygbl;? q&m i,fi,fwkef;uawmif rBum;&ao;bl;? tvGefqHk; tESpfaNcmufq,f? ckefESpfq,favmufyJ &dSOD;rSmyg}} usef;acR;qef;u rwfwyf&yfvsuf . . . ]]tpfudkav;aNymwm rSefw,f? tudkoHk;udk 'ku©ay;wmu e*g;Edkif"m;? uRefawmfwdkY t&ifqHk; viftef;ûrdYudk vdu k o f mG ;NyD; pHpk rf;r,f? 'gayr,fY [dk a&Smifvif*P kd ;f &JY odik ;f ynmeJY tpfuo kd ;kH udk &uf&ufpufpuf ñSi;f yef;ESyd pf ufcYJ wYJ vludkvJ uRefawmfwdkY vufrvTwfEdkifbl;}} usef;qef;zkef;u csdK&Tifacsmif;udk wpfcsufrQ BunfYNyD; . . . ]]uJ rif; tck b,fvdkpDpOfrvJ}} rSefygonf/ þESpf umvrsm;wGif odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;onf [lwef;*dkPf;\ udpöt00udk wynfYBuD;Nzpfol csdK&Tifacsmif;okdYom vTJtyfxm;vdkuf\/ tm;vHk;aom udpö&yfrsm;udk csdK&Tifacsmif;uom aocsmpGm pDpOfaqmif&Guf\/ ,ckvnf; csdK&Tifacsmif;onf olYq&maNymaom pum;udk Bum;aomf rwfwwf&yfí &dkaopGmNzifY ... q&m? 'Dudpöu omrefudpör[kwfbl;? 'Dudpöu nDav; &Dwdkuf&Tif vufwHkYNyefwJYudpö Nzpf&kHrubl;? emrnfBuD; odik ;f tzGYJ *dP k ;f BuD;ESp*f P kd ;f eJYvJ ywfoufvmEdik w f ,f? 'gaBumifY tudik t f wG,f raumif;&if odik ;f tzGYJ *dP k ;f BuD;ESp*f P kd ;f y#dyu©NzpfvmEdkifygw,f? 'gaBumifY q&mBuD;yJ tpDtpOf pDrHay;yg}} usef;qef;zkef;u acgif;wpfcsufndwfvsuf . . . ]]aumif;NyD? rif;&,f? usef;qHkusD;&,f? csifvd&Sef&,f oHk;a,mufu igYpmudk,lNyD; a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk oGm;vdkuf? a&mufa&mufcsif; a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;&JY ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfBuD; [kefyg;eJYawGYNyD; 'Dudpöudk aNymNyvd k u f a ygY? ol Y ud k y J pD p Of c k d i f ; vk d u f ? igwd k Y 0if p G u f z uf p &m rvd k b l ; ? a&S m if v if b k & m;ausmif ; u pnf;urf;odyfBuD;wJYausmif;qdkawmY olu 'Dudpöudk aumif;aumif;pHkprf;ay;ygvdrfYr,f}} 76
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csdK&Tifacsmif;? usef;qHkusD; ESifY csifvd&SefwdkY oHk;a,mufu rwfwwf&yfí trdefYudk emcHvdkufBu\/ usef;qHkusD;\ pdwfxJwGif . . . ]]wu,fwrf; 'Dpmudkay;zdkY udpöeJYyJqdk&if nDav; csifvd&Sefukd oGm;ydkYcdkif;&if NzpfNyDyJ? tckawmY q&mu tpfudkBuD;udk,fwkdif oGm;cdkif;&kHrubl;? igYudkyg twlxnfYvdkufw,fqdkawmY 'g taBumif;&if;wpfckck &dSvdkYyJNzpfrSmaocsmw,f? q&mu a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;u bkef;BuD;awG olYvlawGbuf wpfzufowf vdkufrSmpdk;vdkY igwdkYudk taNctaet& BunfYcdkif;wmNzpf&r,f}} [k oHk;oyfaerdav\/ rSefonf/ use;fqef;zkef;u . . . ]]igwd k Y [l w ef ; *d k P f ; eJ Y a&S m if v if * d k P f ; &J Y B um;rS m quf q H a &;u od y f x l ; qef ; wmyJ u G , f Y ? igu a&S m if v if b k & m;ausmif ; u xG u f a Ny;vmwJ Y vl ? 'D E S p f a wG r S m awmY igu tbk d ; BuD ; Nzpf a eNyD r d k Y vd k Y igYud k [lwef;awmifay:wufNyD; vmrzrf;Bubl;? 'gaBumifY igwdkY *dkPf;ESpf*dkPf;rSm tenf;eJY trsm; y#dyu© enf;enf;yg;yg;awmY &dSwmyJ? 'gaBumifYvJ rif;wdkYoHk;a,muf a&Smifvif*dkPf;udkoGm;&if ausmif;xdkifq&mawmf [kefyg;udkawmY &kd&dkaoao av;av;pm;pm; qufqHaNymqdk&r,f? 'gayr,fY igwdkY [lwef;*dkPf;&JY odu©mudkvJ rusapeJYaygY{{ csdK&Tifacsmif;wdkY oHk;OD;om;rSm wpfûydifwnf; acgif;ndwfNyvdkuf\/ usef;qef;zkef;u usef;acR;qef;buf vSnfYí . . . ]]usef;acR;qef;? rif; reufNzefus&if csufcsif;awmifydkif;udk qif;oGm;NyD; viftef;ûrdYudk oGm;vdkuf? 'Dudpö&JY ZpfNrpfudk aoaocsmcsm pHkprf;? [dkudka&muf&if rif;u rif;&JY tpfudk&JYpum;ukdem;axmif&r,f}} usef;acR;qef;u em;axmifvdkuf\/ odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;u qufvufí . . . ]]'DnawmY igwdkY&JY npmpm;yGJudk usif;yvdkY r&awmYbl;? aemufwpfvusrSyJ igwdkYtm;vHk; 'DrSm Nyef v mpk B ur,f ? wu,f v d k Y &D w d k u f & T i f u d k u,f w if v d k Y r&&if v J rif ; wd k Y u ol Y u d k aemuf q H k ; tBud r f NrifcGifY&Buao;wmaygYuGm}} odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;rSm vGefpGm pdwfraumif;Nzpfae\/ odkif;avmuwGif þrQ emrnfBuD;vmcJYNyD; toufudk;q,fNynfYaeYwGifrS cspfwynfYwpfa,muf þuJYodkY tNzpfqdk;ESifY êuHawGYcJY&Ncif;aBumifY vGefpGm pdwfxdcdkufae&Sm\/ csifvd&SefrSm pdwfaysmYolyDyD rsuf&nfwpdrfYpdrfYpD;usvsuf&dS\/ odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;u vuf,rf;um . . . ]]uJ tm;vkH; oGm;tdyfBuawmY}}[k trdefYay;vdkuf\/ xdktcg tm;vHk;rSm 0rf;enf;aBuuGJaom toGifNzifY udk,fYtcef;qDodkY toD;oD; NyefoGm;Buav\/ usef;acR;qef;onf olYtcef;xJodkY Nyefa&mufonfYwdkif tdyfíraysmf&Smacs/ wdk;wmusif;wkdY vlodkuftay: tcJraus Nzpfaeav\/ tcsdefwpfem&DcefY Bumvwfaomf usef;acR;qef;onf b,fodkYrQ êud;pm;tdyfaomfvnf; tdyfí raysmfoNzifY tcef;tNyifbufodkY qufavQmufxGufvmav\/ xdktcg cef;rxJü vlwpfa,mufu vuf E S p f z uf u d k aemuf y pf x m;NyD ; acguf w H k Y acguf N yef a vQmuf v suf & d S a eonf u d k awG Y &\/ aocsmpG m BunfYvdkufaomtcgwGifrS olYq&mNzpfaeonfudk awGYvdkuf&\/ olYq&monf wpfpHkwpfckudk tav;teuf pOf;pm;ae[efw\ l / olu oGm;a&mufraESmifY,u S &f b J J tcef;0&dS wdik v f ;kH wGif tom&yfí Nidro f ufpmG BunfYaevdu k \ f / odik ;f q&mBuD; use;f qef;zke;f onf twefBumatmif acgufwYkHacgufNyef avQmufNyD;aemuf &kww f &uf nmvufuq kd efYí avxJwGif wpfpHkwpfck a&;Ncpfvdkufonfudk awGY&\/ odik ;f q&mBuD; usef;qef;zke;f rSm odik ;f ynmomru pmayynmwGiyf g xl;cRef wwfyeG o f Nl zpf&m tNrJwrf;vdv k kd uAsmrsm;udk a&;prf;avY&\ Sd / ,ckvnf; usef;acR;qef;onf olYq&m\ vIy&f mS ;[efuBkd unfY&if; &ifxrJ S cHpm;csufrsm; aNyaysmufoGm;&ef uAsmrsm;a&;pyfaeNyD[k odí NidrfoufpGmyif BunfYaevdkuf\/ [lwef;ckepfazmfxJwGif usef;acR;qef;onf pmayudk 0goemtygqHk;Nzpfí odkif;q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;u olYudk uAsmpmayrsm; txl;oifBum;ay;cJY\/ pkwfwHa&;enf;rsm;udkvnf; oifBum;ay;cJY\/ xdkYaBumifYvnf; usef;acR;qef;\ vufeuf ESpfrsdK;wGif wpfrsdK;rSm oHpkwfwHNzpfNyd; tzsm;cRefum taBumxdk; wdkufcdkuf&mwGif vGefpGm toHk;0ifaom vufeufwpfrsdK;Nzpf\/ 77
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78
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rdk;n rdk;arSmifusvsuf 0ef;usifwpfckvHk; arSmifESifYrnf;rnf; Nzpfaeaom nyifNzpf\/ xdknwGifyif usef;acR;qef;onf wpfckaom pm;aomufqdkifwGif 0ifa&mufwnf;cdkaevdkuf\/ rdk;rSm wpfnvHk; onf;xefpGm &GmoGef;&kHru eHeufvif;onfYwdkif Nyif;xefpGm &GmoGef;qJyifNzpfae\/ usef ; acR;qef ; onf awmif y d k i f ; od k Y qif ; vmcJ Y \ / c&D ; vrf ; wG i f a&vQH í vG w f & mvG w f a Bumif ; xGufaNy;vmBuaom a&ab; 'ku©onfrsm;udk awGY&\/ usef;acR;qef;rSm a&SYodkYom c&D;qufESifvm&m rBumrDaom tcsdefwGif a&Tig;tmrcHXmerS vlodkufudk vSrf;í Nrifvdkuf&\/ olwdkYonf a&SYrS wpdkufpdkuf oGm;aeBu\/ usef;acR;qef;onf xdkvlokdufudk NrifonfESifY olwdkYtm; ausmfwufí a&SYrS wm;xm;vdkuf\/ xdktcg wdk;wmusif;u rsufpdrsufESm ysufoGm;NyD;vQif . . . ]]usef;acR;qef; bmudpö&dSvdkY usKyfwdkYudk wm;aewmvJ}} ]]'Dvrf;wpfavQmufvHk;rSm a&ab;? 'ku©onfawG 'Davmufrsm;wm cifAsm;wdkY rNrifbl;vm;}} wdk;wmusif;u em;rvnf[efNzifY . . . ]]tJ'g bmNzpfvJ}} usef;acR;qef;u ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]acgif;aqmifBuD;u pdwfaumif; apwemaumif;xm;NyD tJ'D a&ab; 'ku©onfawGudk a&T'*Fg;awGxkwfNyD; ulnD rpvdkufygvm;As}} wdk;wmusif; rsufESmysufoGm;onfxuf ysufvsuf . . . ]]usKyfwdkYu "m;zsm;rSm vl;vSdrfYNyD; toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ûyae&wJY vlawGAs? usKyfwdkYu b,fu aiGaBu;&NyD; a&ab; 'ku©onfawGudk ulnDEdkifrSmvJ}} usef;acR;qef;u ceJYoHNzifY . . . ]]'gNzifY&if cifAsm; tdwfxJu a&T'*Fg; ESpfaxmifuaum}} wdk;wmusif;u "m;&dk;udk csufcsif;udkifvsuf . . . ]]'DrSm usef;acR;qef;? 'DaeY usKyfudk oufouf vm&SmwmaygY [kwfvm;}} ]][kwfw,f? cifAsm;om 'Da&T'*Fg;awGudk xkwfNyD; a&ab; 'ku©onfawGudk rulnD&ifawmY cifAsm;wdkYudk usKyfu b,fenf;eJYrS rvTwfbl;? 'gyJ}} ,if;tcsdefwGif wdk;wmusif;\ vufaxmufESpfa,mufu "m;udk qGJxkwfvdkufNyD; usef;acR;qef;tm; pwif wdkufcdkufvm\/ usef;acR;qef;um; csufcsif;yif raeYnurS ylylaEG;aEG; wwfuRrf;cJYaom pmcsdK;okdif;uGufudkoHk;í Nyefvnf wdkufcdkufvdkuf\/ vufaxmufESpfa,mufrSm "m;ESpfvufpvHk; vGifYxGufoGm;NyD; vlvnf; Nrif;ay:rS xdk;usoGm;\/ wdk;wmusif;onf usef;acR;qef;\ xufNrufvSaom vufodkif;ynmudk Nrifaomf rsufvHk;pHk NyL;0dkif;oGm;\/ Nrif;udk taemufodkY twif;xdk;xGufNyD; xGufaNy;&efvnf; pdwful;vdkuf\/ odkYaomf xdkpdwful;um; aESmif;oGm;NyDNzpf\/ usef;acR;qef;\ Nyif;xefvSaom vufoD;wpfvHk;u ol\ aemufausmNyiftm; xdrSefoGm;NyD r[kwfygvm;/ odYk aomf ol\ odik ;f ynmu vufaxmufEpS Of ;D xufomay&m Nrif;ay:rSrl rusay/ olu a'goNzifY Nrif;ay:rS ckefqif;NyD; usef;acR;qef;ESifY ,SOfûydifwkdufcdkufvm\/ xkdtcdkuf vnfrsdKrS csdKovdk t&om cHpm;vdkuf&NyD; atmYceJ aoG;wpfyGuftefoGm;\/ pifppf Nyif;xefaom usef;acR;qef;\ vufoD; 'PfaBumifY aoG;tefNcif;yif/ wdk;wmusif;onf csufcsif; aNcaxmufrsm; aysmYacGvmum aNrBuD;ay: vJusoGm;\/ usef tmrcHXmerS vlrsm;vnf; q&mBuD;oHk;a,muf wbkef;bkef; vJusoGm;onfudkNrifaomf rsufvHk;NyL;vsuf a&SYodkY wpfvSrf;rQ rwdk;0YHBuawmYacs/ trSefrl usef;acR;qef;onf þvlodkuftay:wGif tcJraus/ wrif aw;rSwfxm;cJY\/ qHk&mae&mwGif êuHovdk wdkufcdkufrnf[kvnf; qHk;Nzwfxm;\/ ,ckrl rdrdu aNcvufuav; aEG;axG;&kH vIyf&Sm;vdkuf&kH&dSao;pOf vloHk;a,muf rxEdkifatmif NzpfoGm;onfudk awGY&aomf 0rf;vnf;0rf;om tHYBoNcif;vnf; Nzpfrdao;\/ pifppf 80
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rdrd topfwwfuRrf;cJYaom pmcsdK;odkif;uGufrSm þrQ BuD;rm;aom pGrf;yum;udk NyvdrfYrnf[k rxifcJYacs/ olu thHBo0rf;omNcif;aBumifY xdkvlokduftay: NidK;xm;aom pdwfwdkYuvnf; aNyavsmYoGm;\/ olu wkd;wmusif;tm; pl;pdkufBunfYvsuf . . . ]]wdk;wmusif;? 'DaeY cifAsm;udk vTwfvdkufr,f? wpfckawmY&dSw,faemf? cifAsm;tdwfxJu a&T'*Fg;ESpfaxmifudk twd'ku©a&mufaewJY a&ab;'ku©onfawGtwGuf tm;vHk;xkwfNyD; rulnDcJY&ifawmY usKyfuvJ wdwfwqdwfpHkprf;NyD; odcJY&if cifAsm;wdkY tmrcHXmeu vltm;vHk;udk wpfa,mufrusef owfypfr,f}} trSefrl xdkvlodkuftm; usef;acR;qef;u Ncdrf;aNcmufvdkufNcif;om Nzpfyg\/ wdk;wmusif;rlum; usef;acR;qef;tm; b,fodkYrS r,SOfEdkifaBumif; odí tb,frSm oabmrwl0HYbJ aeygrnfenf;/ olu acgif;ndwfí oabmwlaBumif; ûy&onfyif/ usef;acR;qef;um; auseyftm;&aom trlt&mNzifY Nrif;udk 'kef;pdkif;í pD;xGufoGm;av\/ rdk;rSm onf;vGef;í vrf;wpfavQmufvHk; wdwfpJoGm;onf[k rawGY&/ woJoJ &GmoGef;vsufyif&dSaeyg\/ xdktcsdefwGif usef;acR;qef;onf pm;aomufqdkifwpfckwGif a&muf&dSwnf;cdk&if; pOf;pm;vdkuf\/ ]]ig 'Da&mufwm odyfaemufusw,f? [dk wdk;wmusif;wdkY vlodkufuaum olwdkY tmrcHXmeudk Nyefa&mufBuNyDvm;? tpfudkESpfeJY nDav;ckepfwdkYvJ b,fqDb,frSm aNccsaeBuygvdrfY? bmyJNzpfNzpf 'DnawmY a&Tig;tmrcHXmeudk ig oGm;NyD;pHkprf;BunfYrSyJ}} ol u npm pm;NyD ; vQif pm;yG J x d k ; av;tm; ar;Bunf Y v d k u f \ / pm;yG J x d k ; u a&T i g;tmrcH X merS m qD;[luefawmfBuD;\ taemufurf;wGif&dSaBumif; aNymNyav\/ usef ; acR;qef ; u t0wf t pm;topf w pf p H k 0wf N yD ; tuste NzD ; vd r f ; Nyif q if 0wf p m;NyD ; aemuf vufxJwGifvnf; ,yfawmifwpfacsmif;udkifum cyfwnfwnf cyfBuGBuG xGufvmvdkuf\/ ol\ oGif[efu olaX;om; pmaytEkynm&SifwpfOD;ESifY wlvSawmY\/ b,fvdkrS odkif;orm;[ef raygufawmYacs/ xdktcsdef xdkumvonfum; csdKrif;quf eef;usNyD; rGef*dkrif;u wpfNynfvHk;udk odrf;ydkuftkyfpdk;aeaom tcsd e f N zpf \ / vif t ef ; ûrd Y rS m ta&;BuD ; aom ûrd Y Nzpf í rG e f * d k p pf w yf r sm;ud k tcsd e f r Nywf c sxm;av\/ ûrdYaevltrsm;tNym;rSm rGef*dkppfom;rsm;\ ñSif;yef;EdSyfpufNcif;? trsdK;rsdK;udk cHpm;ae&í rcHEdkifonfYtqHk;wGif tNcm;ae&mokdY aNymif;a&GYoGm;Bu\/ xdkYaBumifY ûrdYrSm aNcmufuyfuyfNzpfaeonfudk awGY&\/ usef;acR;qef;rSm rGef*dkppfom;rsm;udk a&Smifwdrf;NyD; a&Tig;tmrcHXmebufodkY xGufcGmvmav\/ qD;[luefawmfBuD;\ taemufbufurf;odkY a&mufaomf a&Tig;tmrcHXmeudk awGY&\/ ol teD;odkY uyfvdkufcsdefwGif tdrfa&SYcyfvSrf;vSrf; uefawmfBuD;xJwGif avSwpfpif; qdkufuyfvsuf&dSonfudk awGYvkduf&\/ vlwpfa,muf avSOD;wGif xdkifaeonfudkvnf; rIef0g;0g;Nrifvdkuf&\/ usef;acR;qef;onf xdkavSudk wpfcsufrQom vSrf;BunfYNyD; a&Tig;tmrcHXmeodkY avQmufoGm;vdkuf\/ wHcg;rwGif csdwfqGJxm;aom rD;yHk;BuD;ESpfvHk;rSm rD;Nidrf;vsuf&dSNyD; wHcg;rBuD;rSmvnf; ydwfvsufawGY&\/ olu wHcg;rBuD;tem;okdY avQmufoGm;Nyef\/ xdkpOf &kwfw&uf olYem;xJodkY vlwpfa,muf\ oufNyif;&SnfcsoHudk Bum;vdkuf&\/ xdkoufNyif;csoHrSm wdwfqdwfNidrfoufaom tumv ntcsdefwGif Bum;vdkuf&Ncif;Nzpf&m BuufoD;xpzG,fyif Nzpf\/ usef;acR;qef;u aemufbufodkY zswfceJ vSnfYvdkuf\/ okdYaomf rnfol wpfpHkwpfa,mufudkrQ rawGY&acs/ uefawmfBuD;xJ&dS avSwpfpif;ay:wGif xdkifaeaom vlwpfa,mufrSwpfyg; b,folYudkrQ rawGY&ygacs/ usef;acR;qef;u avSay:rSvltm; vSrf;BunfYvdkuf\/ ol tYHBord&onf/ taBumif;um; xdkvl0wfxm;aom t0wf t pm;rS m rd r d 0wf x m;aom t0wf t pm;ES i f Y wpf y H k p H w nf ; wl a eNyD ; vuf x J w G i f v nf ; ,yfawmifwpfacsmif;udkifxm;onfudk awGYvdkuf&\/ odkYaomf xdkvl\ rsufESmudkrl taotcsmrNrif&ay/ usef;acR;qef;rSm xdkvludk oHk;av;Budrf vSrf;BunfYNyD;aemuf pdwfxJwGif pOfpm;&cufae\/ aemufqHk;wGifrl olonf xdkvludk arYvdkufNyD; a&Tig;tmrcHXme\ wHcg;rBuD;qDodkY avQmufoGm;um wHcg;udk acgufvdkuf\/ arSmifrdkufwdwfqdwfaom nwGif wHcg;acgufoHrSm vGefpGmus,favmifvS\/ odkY&mwGif tdrfBuD;xJü bmvIyf&Sm;oHrQ rBum;&acs/ 81
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usef;acR;qef;u wpfBudrf xyfacgufvu kd Nf yef\/ okYd aomf twGi;f bufrS wHYk NyefoH vH;k 0r&d/S usef;acR;qef;rSm tHYBovmNyD; wHcg;wGef;zGifYvdkuf&m wHcg;u tvG,fwul yGifYoGm;av\/ pifppf wHcg;udk uefYvefYrxdk;xm;Ncif;yif Nzpfyg\/usef;acR;qef;onf rwGefYrqkwfyif cef;rBuD;xJodkY 0ifvdkuf\/ EIwfrSvnf; toHûyvsuf . . . ]]wdk;wmusif; tdrfrSm &dSovm;}} olu toHûy&if; qufí0ifoGm;\/ cef;rBuD;rSm rD;vHk;0r&dS/ xdkYaBumifY yuwd arSmifrdkufae\/ xdkpOf bkef;ceJ toHESifYtwl olYaemufbufrS wHcg;rBuD; &kwfw&uf tvdkvdk ydwfoGm;\/ usef;acR;qef; wpfcsufrQ aBumifoGm;\/ odkYaomf þtcef;BuD;xJwGif vl&dSaBumif; csufcsif;odvdkuf\/ olu . . . ]]a[; . . . a[; . . . a[;}}[k ceJY&,f &,fvdkufNyD;vQif raBumufr&GYH rwGefYrqkwfyif a&SYqufavQmuf 0ifvmcJY\/ xdkpOf olYeHab; ESpfzufrS &kwfw&uf avwdk;oHBum;vdkuf&onfESifYtwl vlESpfa,muff olYudk 0dkif;0ef;wdkufcdkufavawmY\/ olu vufESpfzufudk vsifNrefpGm vIyf&Sm;vsuf NyefvnfckcH wdkufcdkufvdkuf\/ bkef;ceJ toHESifYtwl &efolwpfa,mufvJusoGm;\/ ra&S;raeSmif;yif bdkif;ceJ aemufwpfa,muf vJusoGm;oHudkvnf; Bum;&Nyef\/ taBumif;um; ol\ Nyif;xefvSaom nmvufoD;wpfvHk;u yxrvl\ em;xifaBumrudk xdk;ydwfrdNyD; b,fbuf vuf0g;apmif;u 'kwd,&efol\ cg;udk ckwfrdNyD;NzpfaomaBumifYyifNzpf\/ wpfqufwnf;wGifyif olu aemufxyf &efolESpfa,mufudk vuf0g;apmif;NzifYyif ckwfvGJcsvdkufNyef\/ odkYaomf rdrd wdkufcdkufvdkufaom &efolonf rnfolrnf0grSef; rodoNzifY tm;udk tukefxkwfí rwdkufcdkufacs/ oHk;yHk wpfyHkomxkwfí wdkufcdkufvdkuf&m &efolav;OD;onf wbdkif;bdkif; vJsusoGm;onfYwdkuf 'Pf&mr&acs/ xdkpOf &efolwpfa,mufu us,favmifaom toHNzifY . . . ]]rif; awmfawmf&ufpufwJYvlyJ? owåd&dS&if emrnfaNymygvm;uG}} usef;acR;qef;u &,fvsuf . . . ]]usKyfom wu,f&ufpufwJY vlqdk&if cifAsm;wdkY tckvdktouf&SifaeOD;rSm r[kwfawmYbl;? usKyfu [lwef;ckepfazmfxJu eHygwfig; usef;acR;qef;wJYAs odyvm;}} ar;ol\ EIwfrS [ifceJ toHxGufvmNyD;aemuf tHYBoovdkESifY . . . ]]cifAsm;u wu,fyJ [lwef;*dkPf;u usef;acR;qef;vm;? aiGql;csdwf oHpkwfwH usef;acR;qef;vm;}} usef;acR;qef;u ûyH;vdkufNyD;vQif cg;ESpfzufrS vufeufwpfckudk xkwfNyvdkuf\/ b,fbufwGif aiGa&mifq;l csdww f pfacsmif;? nmbufwiG f oHpw k w f w H pfacsmif;udik x f m;\/ olu vufeufEpS cf u k kd ]]cRrf;}}ceJNrnfatmif &dkufcwfNyvdkufao;\/ rIef0g;0g; tvif;a&mifatmufwGif vJusaeaom &efolav;a,mufrSmrl t0ga&mifouFef;0wfxm;aom bkef;BuD;av;yg; Nzpfae\/ bkef;BuD;ESpfyg;\ rsufESmwGif aoG;rsm;NzifY ayusHaeNyD; usef;acR;qef;tm; vGefpGm &GHrkef;aomtBunfYNzifY BunfYaeonfudk awGY&\/ usef;acR;qef;url tHYBopGmNzifY . . . ]]OD;yOöif;wkdYu b,fuvJ}}[k ar;vdkuf\/ xdkpOf bkef;BuD;wpfyg;u atmfí . . . ]]'DaoG;&efaBuG;udk 'DaeY ay;qyfvdkY r&Edkifao;bl;? uJ . . . wkdY oGm;BupdkY}} pum;qHk;onfESifY ,dkifxd,dkifwdkifNzifY tcef;xJrS aNy;xGufoGm;Bu\/ usef;acR;qef;u . . . ]]OD;yOöif;wdkY cPaeygOD;? bmaoG;&efaBuG;vJ bk&m;}} odkYaomf bkef;BuD; av;yg;pvHk;\ t&dyfta,mifrQ rNrif&awmYygacs/ usef;acR;qef;onf þn aAGaqmfOD;yif qef;Nym;aom tNzpfESifY êuH&ay&m tcef;v,fwGif &yfí pOf ; pm;Ncif ; ûyvd k u f \ / od k Y a omf taNzu xG u f a y:rvmacs/ b,f Y E S , f a Bumif Y a&T i g;tmrcH X mexJ w G i f bkef;BuD;av;yg;u tomykef;ckdNyD; bmraNym nmraNymESifY rdrdtm; wdkufcdkuf&ygoenf;/ 82
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; aemufNyD; olwdkYuyif rdrdtm; aoG;&efaBuG;qyf&rnf[k aNymoGm;ao;\/ odkYaomf usef;acR;qef;\ pdwfxJwGif . . . ]]'Dudpöudk a&Tig;tmrcHXmeu vlawGeJY awGYNyD; ar;rS od&awmYrSmyg}}[k pOf;pm;vdkufrd\/ odkYESifYolu toHudkNrSifYí . . . ]]wdk;wmusif; tdrfrSm&dSovm;? wdk;wmusif; tdrfrSm&dSovm;AsdKY}}[k [pfatmf ar;vdkufNyef\/ odkYaomf wpfzufrS wHkYNyefoH rBum;&/ olYpdwfxJwGif . . . ]]'DvlawGtm;vHk; b,fa&mufaeBuwmygvdrfY? igYudkaBumufvdkY ykef;aeBuwmrsm;vm;}}[k awG;aerdNyef\/ okdYNzifY tdyfxJrS rD;wdkifudk xkwfí rD;xGef;ñdSvdkufNyD; twGif;buftcef;odkY avQmuf0ifoGm;\/ xdktcg tcef;a&SYwGif vJusaeaom rdef;rwpfa,mufudk awGY&\/ olu atmfí . . . ]]tpfrBuD; b,fvdkNzpfwmvJ}} xdkrdef;ru rvIyf/ usef;acR;qef;u xdkrdef;r\ udk,fudk vSnfYvdkufaomf wpfcsuf vTwfceJ atmfvdkufrd\/ taBumif;rl xdkrdef;rrsufESmrSm ûyH;NzJNzJNzpfae\/ okdYaomf wpfudk,fvHk;&dS BuGufom;rsm; awmifYwif;aeavNyD/ toufxGufoGm;onfrSm twefBumNyDNzpf\/ wdwfqdwfaom ntarSmifxJwfi rsufESmûyH;NzJNzJESifY vlaoaumifudk awGY&oNzifY usef;acR;qef; BuufoD;xoGm;\/ olu rwfwwf&yfí BunfYvdkufaomtcg tcef;axmifYwGif vlwpfa,mufvJusaeonfudk awGY&\/ xdkolrSm tdrfapNzpf[efwlNyD; rsufESmrSmvnf; ûyH;NzJNzJESifY toufxGufae\/ usef;acR;qef;u cg;Bum;rS aiGpl;csdwfudk t&HoifYxkwfí udkifxm;vdkuf\/ nmvufwGifrl rD;wdkifudk udkifí ab;ywf v nf o k d Y vS n f Y ywf B unf Y vd k u f \ / xk d t cg twG i f ; tNyif tcef ; rsm;xJ w G i f vl a oaumif r sm; NyefYBuJvsuf&dSonfudk awGYvdkuf&av\/ þrQ BuD;rm;aom tdrfBuD;wGif touf&Sifaeolwpfa,mufrQ rawGY&awmY/ usef ; acR;qef ; twk e f v I y f B uD ; wk e f v I y f o G m ;\/ ol u wk d ; wmusif ; aNymNyaom pum;rsm;ud k csufcsif;NyefBum;a,mifae\/ ]]csif}}vli,fu wdk;wmusif;wdkYtm; . . . }}vrf;ckvwfrSm wpfckck NzpfcJY&ifawmY cifAsm;wkdY&JY a&Tig;tmrcHXme wpfckvHk;u vkckepfq,fYwpfa,mufudk tukefowfypfr,f}}[k aNymcJYonfudk usef;acR;qef; Nyefvnf owd&vdkufNcif;Nzpf\/ ,ck þvlrsm; aoqHk;cJY&onfrSmvnf; ,if;taBumif;aBumifYyif Nzpfayrnf/ xdkpOf eH&HrSDí xdkifaeaom bkef;BuD;ESpfyg;u rdrdtm; ûyH;NzJNzJNzifY BunfYaeonfudk awGYvdkuf&\/ usef;acR;qef;u aemufESpfvSrf;qkwfvsuf . . . ]]OD;yOöif;wdkYu b,fvdkNzpfwmvJ}} [k ar;vdkuf\/ odkYaomf wpfzufrS bmrQNyefraNymacs/ xdktcgusrSyif þbkef;BuD;ESpfyg;vnf; tNcm;olrsm;uJYodkY toufxGufaeNyDNzpfaBumif; od&awmY\/ olu bkef;BuD;ESpfyg;\ udk,fudk aocsmpGm ppfaq;BunfYvdkuf\/ rnfonfY'Pf&mrQ rawGY&acs/ odYk &mwGif cg;Bum;&dS vlukd &,farmapaom taBumwGirf l teDa&mif tuGuw f pfuu G u f kd awGY&\/ usef;acR;qef; ,ckyif oabmaygufawmY\/ pdwfxJrSvnf; . . . ]]vufpowfawmY 'DvlawGtm;vHk;[m &,faBumudk txdk;cH&NyD; aocJYBuwmudk;}} &kwfw&uf olYwpfukd,fvHk; at;pufoGm;\/ ]]'ku©yJ? [dkbkef;BuD;av;yg;u igYudk aoG;&efaBuG; qyfr,fwJY}} pifppf xdkbkef;BuD;av;yg;u usef;acR;qef;tm; vlowform;[k xifae\/ usef;acR;qef;u tusdK;taBumif; bmrQrod&cif rdrdemrnfudk zGifY[ aNymNy&kHru rdrd\ vufeufudkvnf; xkwfNycJY\/ ,if;bkef;BuD;av;yg;vHk;\ odkif;ynmudk BunfYNcif;NzifY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;rSNzpfaBumif; odom\/ odkYqdkvQif wkd;wmusif;onf a&Smifvif*dkPf;om;Nzpfí 'ku©a&mufaeonfudk a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;okdY vlvTwf taBumif;Bum;NyD; ulnDapmifYa&Smuf&ef tultnDawmif;ayrnf/ þbkef;BuD;av;yg;onf olYtm; umuG,f apmifYa&Smuf&ef a&muf&dSvmNcif; Nzpfayrnf/ odkYqdkvQif tudkESpfESifY nDav;ckepfwdkY b,fodkY a&mufaeoenf;/ trSefrl olwdkYESpfOD;udk a&Tig;tmrcHXmetm; umuG,fapmifYa&Smuf&ef q&mu vTwfvdkufNcif;Nzpf\/ 83
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usef;acR;qef;u qufí pOf;pm;vdkufNyef\/ wu,fY&efoltppfu b,folvJqdkwm aemufusawmY a&Smifvif*dkPf;u odrSmygav? avmavmq,f tpfudkESpfeJY nDav;ckepfudk oGm;&SmrSyJ/ okdYNzifY usef;acR;qef;onf tcef;xJrS xGufí cef;r&dS za,mif;wdkifrD;udk rIwfNidrf;vdkufNyD;vQif tNyifodkY 0&HwmrSwpfqifY ckefausmfxGufvdkuf\/ olYaNctpHk aNrokdY rusrDyif &kwfw&uf avwdk;oHwpfcsuf Bum;vkduf&NyD; Nyif;xef av;vHaom vufeufwpfcku olYcg;udk ydkif;&dkufvdkufaBumif; odvdkuf\/ usef ; acR;qef ; rS m avxJ w G i f N zpf í ra&S m if w d r f ; Ed k i f a wmY/ ol u csuf c sif ; yif ql ; csd w f N zif Y ydkif;&dkufvmaomvufeufwGif wpfcsufzdí t&dSef,lNyD; 0if;x&Htay:odkY aygYyg;pGm Nyefckefwufvdkufavonf/ usef;acR;qef; 0if;x&Hay:okdY a&mufonfESifY olYvufESpfzufpvHk; vufeufudk t&efoifY udkifxm;vdkuf\/ apmapmu&efo\ l &du k cf suu f ekd m;axmifvu kd o f nfEiS Yf &efo\ l odik ;f tm;rSm NrifYrm;aBumif; ol odNyD;Nzpf\/ xdYk aBumifY olu raygYq&Jacs/ usef;acR;qef;tm; acsmif;aNrmif; wdkufcdkufvdkufaom vlrSmvnf; usef;acR;qef;u ol\ Nyif;xefvGef;aom &dkufcsufudk aygYyg;pGm a&Smifwdrf;NyD; Nyefí ckefwufoGm;Edkifonfudk Nrif&aomf ]][if}}ceJ tmar!dwfûyrdNyD;vQif . . . ]]tif; . . . 'Daumifu wu,fYudk wpfuGufaumif; ESpfuGufaumif; wwfxm;wmudk;}}[k rSwfcsufcsrd\/ usef;acR;qef;um; &ifxJwGif vGefpGm a'goNzpfae\/ tu,f í apmapmu &d k u f c suf u d k ol o m ra&S m if w d r f ; Ed k i f c J Y v Qif cg;usd K ;NyD ; 'Pf & mNyif ; xef p G m &&dSaeNyDr[kwfygvm;/ odkYaomf usef;acR;qef;u olYq&monf odkif;avmurS vlwkdif;udk &dk&dkaoao av;av;pm;pm; qufqH&rnf[k rSmBum;qHk;r oGefoifcJYonf r[kwfvm;/ usef;acR;qef;u wpfbufvludk tuJcwfBunfYvkduf\/ ol&ifxdwfoGm;&yg\/ tb,fYaBumifYrl olYtm; acsmif;aNrmif;wdkufcdkufvmolrSm omrefvlr[kwfbJ bkef;BuD;ESpfyg; NzpfaeaomaBumifYyif Nzpfyg\/ eH&HatmufwGif bkef;BuD;ESpfyg; &yfvsuf&dS\/ t0ga&mifouFef;wGif teDa&mif tem;uGyfxm;\/ vufxJwGifvnf; ta&mifwvufvuf awmufyaeaom oHk;vufrywfvnf&dS oHrPdawmifa0S;BuD;udk udkifxm;\/ usef;acR;qef;\ pdwfxJwGif . . . ]]'D u d k , f a wmf E S p f y g;u ouF e f ; t0grS m teD t em;uG y f x m;wmqd k a wmY od k i f ; avmuwpf c k v H k ; u odrfYodrfYwkefatmif emrnfBuD;aewJY vdk[efYewfrif; wpfq,fY&Spfyg; bkef;BuD;awGrsm;vm;}}[k pOf;pm;rd\/ vdk[efYewfrif; wpfq,fY&Spfyg;rSm a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ vkd[efYausmif;wdkufrS odkif;ynm txl;cRefqHk; bkef;BuD; wpfq,fY&Spfyg;udk qdkvdkNcif;yifNzpf\/ xdkpOf bkef;BuD;ESpfyg;teuf b,fbufrS bkef;BuD;u awmifa0S;BuD;udk aNrBuD;wGif wpfcsufaqmifYvdkufNyD; ]]usef;acR;qef;? rif;wkdY [lwef;ckepfazmfu odkif;avmurSm emrnfBuD;aewJY vlawGyJ? 'geJYrsm; bmNzpfvdkY 'Davmufawmif vlrqefatmif &ufpufBurf;êuwf&wmvJ}} usef;acR;qef;u ydkí a'goxGufvm\/ olu at;pufpGmNzifY . . . ]]OD;yOöif;wdkYu tusdK;taBumif; bmrS rar;bJ bkrodbrodeJY eH&Hatmufuae acsmif;aNrmif;NyD; wynfYawmfukd wdu k cf u kd w f muawmY vlprG ;f aumif;awG&YJ vky&f ;kd vkypf Ofvm;? a&Smifvifb&k m;ausmif;u odik ;f avmurSm emrnftBuD;qHk;Nzpf&wmu 'Dvdk olwpfyg;udk wddwfwqdwf acsmif;aNrmif;wdkufcdkufvkdY &vmwmvm;}} xdkbkef;BuD;u a'goNzifY wpfcsufrQatmfNyD; &kwfw&uf 0if;x&Hay:odkY ckefwufum awmifa0S;NzifY usef;acR;qef;tm; vTJ&dkufvdkuf\/ usef;acR;qef;u ql;csdwfNzifY awmifa0S;udk ab;odkY qGJcsdwfvdkufNyD; oHpkwfwHNzifY wpfcsufvTJ&dkuf&m ]]xef;}}ceJ toHNrnfoGm;\/ xkdtcg bkef;BuD;rSm vufwpfzufvHk; xHkusOfoGm;ovdk cHpm;vdkuf&NyD;vQif eH&Hay:wGif r&yfEdkifawmYbJ atmufodkY tNrefckefqif;vdkuf&\/ usef;acR;qef;vnf; vufxHkusOfoGm;\/ odkYaomfolu udk,f[efudk xdef;EdkifcJY\/ ol\ pdwfxJwGif tawmfyif wkefvIyfoGm;onf/ þbkef;BuD;\ vuf a rmif ; tm;u wu,f r ao;ygvm;/ igY u d k o m ES p f a ,muf w pf a ,muf 0d k i f ; wd k u f c d k u f v Qif a wmY ig ckcHEdkifr,frxifbl; usef;acR;qef;u atmfar;vdkuf\/ 84
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]OD;yOöif;wkdY&JYbGJYu bmvJ}} nmbufbkef;BuD;u Nznf;nif;pGmNzifY . . . ]]OD;yOöif;u &G,f&if? [kd OD;yOöif;uawmY OD;yOöif;&JY *dkPf;wlnD &G,f&ufyJ}} usef;acR;qef;u vufESpfbufudk pkí . . . ]]aBomf . . . vufpowfawmY a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;&JY vdk[efYewfrif; wpfq,fY&Spfyg;xJu OD;yOöif;awGudk;? bmudpö&dSvdkY wynfYawmfudk vmawGYwmvJ}} &G,f&ifudk,fawmfonf pum;aNym&mwGif vGefpGm aES;auG;\/ Nznf;nif;pGmNzifY . . ]]tckudpu ö a&Smifvif*dkPf;eJY [lwef;*dkPf;&JY {&mrNyóemBuD;Nzpfaew,f? OD;yOöif;wdkYu a&Smifvif*dkPf;rSm yg0ifaewJYvlawGqdkayr,fY bmrS aNymydkifcGifYr&dSbl;? 'gayr,fY 'DaeYudpu ö dk OD;yOöif;wdkYudk,fwdkif vmêuHawGYae&awmY OD;yOöif;wdkY 'umav;udk ar;csifw,f? 'Da&Tig;tmrcHXmexJu vlawG&,f? OD;yOöif;wkdY&JY *dkPf;wl wlav; OD;yOöif;ESpfyg;&,f? tm;vkH;[m 'umav;vufcsufeJY aoqHk;cJY&w,f? 'Dudpt ö wGuf 'umav; b,fvkdaNymcsifovJ}} usef;acR;qef;u ceJYûyH; ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]'D a&Tig;Xmeu vlawG b,fvdkaBumifY towfcH&w,fqdkwm wynfYawmfudk,fwkdif em;rvnfEdkifatmif Nzpfae&ygw,f? 'DBum;xJ OD;yOöif;u wynfYawmf owfw,fvdkY wpfzufowf pGyfpGJaewmudk;? udkif; . . . 'gNzifY wynfYawmf owfwmudk udk,fwkdifNrifvdkYvm;}} &G,f&ifudk,fawmfu toHus,favmifpGmNzifY . . . ]]a0Yzkef;? rif;xGufvmNyD; 'Du 'umBuD; usef;acR;qef;eJY aNymprf;}} xdkpOf csKHykwfwpfck\aemufrS bkef;BuD;wpfyg;xGufvm\/ xkdbkef;BuD;rSm apmapmu usef;acR;qef; a&Tig;tmrcHXmetwGif;odkY 0ifpOf 0dkif;0ef;wdkufcdkufaom bkef;BuD;av;yg;xJrS wpfyg;Nzpf\/ xdka0Yzkef;[kac:aom bkef;BuD;u . . . ]]q&mawmf a&Tig;tmrcHXmeu vlawG tm;vHk;eJY a0YxHk;? a0YuG,fwdkY ESpfa,muf&,f? tm;vHk;udk a[m'D usef;acR;qef;qdkwJY vlqdk;u owfvdkufwmyJ}} &G,f&ifu . . . ]]rif;wdkY udk,fwdkifNrifvdkYvm;}} ]]rSeyf gYb&k m;? wu,fvYkd wynfYawmfwYkd av;a,mufom taNy;aES;&if wynfYawmfwYkd vJ 'Dvq l ;kd vufcsufeYJ ao&rSm aocsmygw,f}} &G,f&ifu qufí . . . ]]rif;u bk&m; w&m;orm;qdkawmY rkom; pum;raNym&bll;aemf? 'Dudpöu igwkdY a&Smifvif*dkPf;eJY [lwef;*dkPf;wdkYeJY ywfowfaeawmY rkom;pum; vHk;0raNym&bl;}} a0Yzkef;u 'l;axmufí vuftkyfcsDum . . . ]]wynfYawmfu bk&m;udk wdkifwnfNyD; aNym&Jygw,f bk&m;}} ]]'Dvkdqdk&if rif; awGYcJYwmudk tptqHk; aNymNyprf;}} xdkpOf usef;acR;qef;onf eH&Hay:rS ckefqif;NyD; olwdkY tem;odkY uyfvkduf\/ a0Yzkef;u pwifí . . . ]]q&mawmf usef;acR;qef;u vlawGtm;vHk;udk vufñdSK;eJY xdk;xdk;owfvkdufw,f? aemufawmYrS olu eH&Hay:uae ckefxGufoGm;ygw,f bk&m;}} usef;acR;qef;u NidrfoufpGmom em;axmifae\/ olu at;pufpGmNzifY . . . ]]aemufawmYaum}}[k pum;yif aBumif;ay;vdkufao;\/ a0Yzkef;u emBunf;pGm wpfcsufBunfYNyD; . . . ]]aemufawmY wynfYawmfu usefoHk;a,mufeJY aqG;aEG;ygw,f? q&mawmfwdkY a&mufvmawmYrSyJ b,fvdkqufvkyfr,fqdkwmudk qHk;Nzwfcdkif;r,fvkdY ? 'geJY wynfYawmfwdkYu tcef;0rSm apmifYaeBuw,f/ 'gayr,fY odyfrBumbl;? a[m'D &ufpuf,kwfrmwJY vlqdk;BuD;u wHcg;acgufNyD; xyf0ifvmNyefw,f? olu wdk;wmusif;udk awGYrvdkYwJY? wynfYawmfu ao&ifvJ rxl;bl;qdkNyD; t&JpGefYNyD; olYemrnfudk ar;vdkufw,f? olu olYemrnf usef;acR;qef;? [lwef;*dkPf;uvkdY udkd,fwdkifzGifYaNymygw,f? wynfYawmfu odyfr,Hkcsifbl;? [lwef;ckepfazmfu 85
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; 'Dvdk &ufpuf,kwfrmwJY tvkyfrsdK;udk vkyfrSm r[kwfbl;vdkYaygY? 'gayr,fY aemufusawmY olu olYvufeufawGudkyg xkwfNyvmawmYrS wynfYawmf tBuGif;rJY ,HkawmYw,f}} usef;acR;qef;u Bum;Nzwfí . . . ]]wynfYawmfu emrnfaNymNyD; vufeufxkwfNywmrSefygw,f? 'gayr,fY OD;yOöif;wkdYu wynfYawmf vlawGudkowfwm taotcsm Nrifyg&JYvm;}} a0Yzkef;u . . . ]]aoaocsmcsmNrifvdkY aNymwmaygY}} usef;acR;qef;u a'goxGufvmNyD;vQif rD;wkdifudk xkwfí rD;ñdSNyD;aemuf . . . ]]OD;yOöif;? wynfYawmf&JY rsufESmudk aoaocsmcsmBunfYygOD;? wynfYawmfu [dk vlowform;vm;}} a0Yzk e f ; ud k , f a wmf u a&S Y od k Y wpf v S r f ; wd k ; í usef ; acR;qef ; \ rsuf E S m ud k pl ; pd k u f B unf Y NyD ; vufñdSK;aigufaigufxdk;um . . . ]]rif;yJ? [if . . . rif; . . . rif;}} a0Yzkef;udk,fawmfu pum;tqHk;wGif &kwfw&uf vJusoGm;av\/ &G,f&ifESifY &G,f&ufbkef;BuD;ESpfyg;u a0Yzkef;tm; csufcsif; ayGYxlvdkuf\/ odkYaomf a0Yzkef;rSmrl rsufESm ûyH;vsufESifYyif toufxGufvsuf &dSonfudk awGY&av\/ &G,f&ifrSm wpfcsufrQ aBumifoGm;NyD; atmfí . . . ]]rif; . . . rif;u olYudk owfypfvdkufw,f}} tNzpf t ysuf u Nref q ef v G e f ; onf N zpf & m &G , f & if E S i f Y &G , f & uf b k e f ; BuD ; ES p f y g;rS m vG e f p G m xdwfvefYwkefvIyfoGm;&kHru usef;acR;qef; udk,fwkdifvnf; rsufvHk;tpHk NyL;0dkif;vsuf rSifoufaerdawmY\/
86
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdt k cdu k f rde;f rysdK\ tuÐsvufarmif; ydwpf ay:wGif ñdrk nf;aom aoG;rsm; pdrYf í xGuv f mNyDNzpf\/ 'Pf&mrSm tvGef Nyif;xefvmNyDNzpf&m twGif;tm;NzifYtqdyfudk rxdef;EdkifawmYaBumif; usef;acR;qef; odvdkuf\/ xdkYaBumifY rdef;rysdK\ vufarmif;udk qkwfudkifNyD; vufarmif; tuÐspudk qkwfNzJvdkufav\/ xkdpOf aemufbufrS vlwpfa,muf\ atmfoHudk Bum;vdkuf&\/ ]]a[Yaumif? apmfum;r,f rBuHeJYuG}} pum;oH tqHk;rD 0SD;ceJ "m;NzifY usef;acR;qef;\ aemufausmudk vSrf;ckwfvdkuf\/ ckwfvmolrSm avSxdk;om;NzpfaBumif; usef;acR;qef; csufcsif;od\/ odkY&mwGif aoa&;&Sifa&;wrQ ta&;BuD;aecsdefwGif Nyef&Sif;Nycsdef r&awmYay/ xdkYaBumifY aNcNzifY aemufNyefuefvkduf&m avSxdk;om;vnf; avS0rf;tNyifokdY vGifYxGufoGm;awmY\/ rdef;rysdKuvnf; . . . ]]&Sif uRefrudk ukzdkY rvdkbl;? uRefrbmom aocsifao? &SifeJY bmrSrqdkifbl;? oGm;}} [kqdkum Nzef;ceJ vuf0g;NzifY usef;acR;qef;\ yg;udk &dkufvdkufav\/ usef;acR;qef;rSm rxifrSwfrD yg;wpfcsuf t&dkufcHvdkuf&NyDNzpf\/ xdkYaBumifY a,mif,rf;í rdef;rysdK\ vufarmif;udk vTwfcsvdkuf\/ rdef;rysdKu rsufESmudk wif;rmpGmûyvsuf . . . ]]&Sif tckxGufoGm;yg? &SifYudk uRefru b,fawmYrS rNrifcsifawmYbl;}}[k atmf[pfum aNymaeNyef\/ usef;acR;qef;um; rarQmfvifYbJ yg;t&dkufcHvkduf&oNzifY &Sufvnf;&Suf? a'govn;f xGufvmrd\/ xdkYaBumifY olu . . . ]]aumif;NyD? usKyf oGm;r,f? cifAsm; 'Davmuf&dkif;vdrfYr,fvkdY usKyf rxifcJYbl;? cifAsm;vdk rdef;r&dkif;rsdK;eJYvJ 'Dwpfouf rawGYyg&apeJYvdkY usKyf qkawmif;ygw,f}}[k aNymNyD; avS0rf;tNyifbufodkY vSrf;xGufvkdufavawmY\/ ]]rdef;r&dkif;rSef;od&if &Sif tck avSay:u qif;vdkufygawmYvm;}} rdef;rysdKu avS0rf;xJrSaeí vSrf;atmfae\/ usef;acR;qef;onf ysOfNym;wpfcsyfudk qGJ,lNyD; Nrpfurf;bufodkY ypfvdkuf\/ avSay:rS qif;rnfûyqJrSmyif acgif;xJodkY tawG;wpfck 0ifvmav\/ ]]tif; tckae ig qif;oGm;&if olYtouf qHk;&IH;&awmYrSm rvGJygvm;}} xdktawG;NzifY usef;acR;qef;u a'goESifY t&Sufudk xdef;NyD; avS0rf;xJodkY Nyef0ifvmav\/ ]]rdef;uav;u usKyfudk yg;&dkufayr,fY usKyfaAGr,lygbl;? pdwfvJ b,fvdkrS rNzpfrdygbl;? 'DrSm rdef;uav;? aus;Zl;ûyNyD; vufarmif;tuÐsuav;udk yifYwifvkdufygaemf? tif; udk,fYtoufudkawmif udk,fraESmaNrmbJudk;}} rdef;rysdKu EGJYqdk;qdk;aom toHNzifY . . . ]]uRefrbmom uRefr aoao? &SifeJY bmqdkifvkdYvJ}} ]]qdkifwmaygYAsm}} ]]&Sif . . . bmaNymw,f}} ]]aBomf . . . 'Dvdkav? rdef;uav;u usKyftpfudk &Dwdkuf&Tifudk tyifyef; tqif;&JcHNyD; apmifYa&SmufcJYw,f r[kwfvm;? tJ'D aus;Zl;udk usKyf NyefqyfzdkY wm0ef&dSw,fav}} rdef;rysKdu ceJYûyH;ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]aBomf . . . aBomf vufpowfawmY &Sifu &SifYtpfudktwGuf uRefrudk u,faewmudk;? wu,fvdkY uRefru &SifYtpfudk &Dwdkuf&Tifudk rapmifYa&SmufcJY&if &Sifu uRefrudk vSnfYawmifBunfYr,fY vlpm;r[kwfygbl;}} usef;acR;qef;u wpfcsufrQ idkifoGm;NyD;rS . . . ]][m . . . 'DvkdvJ r[kwfygbl;Asm}} xdkpOf rdef;rysdK\ udk,fvHk;av;rSm wpfcsufrQ wkef&DoGm;\/ tqdyfwufvmNcif;yif Nzpfyg\/ usef;acR;qef;u pdwfylyefaomtoHNzifY . . . ]]rdef;uav; tuÐsvufarmif;udk NrefNrefr vdkufyg? rdef;uav;u udk,fYtoufudk udk,f rESaNrmbl;vm;[if}} rdef;rysdKu tqdyf'Pfudk tHBudwfcH&if; . . . ]]&SifYtrSm;udk &Sif 0efrcH&if uRefr &SifYudk ukcGifYrûybl;}} 97
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rdef;rysdK\ rsufESmrSm aoG;qkwfvsuf &dSaeNyDNzpf\/ xdkBum;xJwGif EGJYqdk; qdk;oHuav;NzifY aNymvdkufonfudk awGY&aomtcg ydkí *&kPmoufp&m? cspfp&m aumif;aeNyefonf/ aemufqHk;wGifrl usef;acR;qef;onf rdef;rysdKtm; t&HI;ay;vdkufawmY\/ ]]aumif;ygNyDAsm? usKyf rSm;w,fvdkYyJ xm;vdkufygawmY? rdef;uav; vlowfwm rrSm;ygbl;wJYAsm}} ]][ifYtif;? 'Dvkd r&bl;av? rSm;w,fqdk rSm;w,faygY? bmvJ usKyfrSm;w,fvdkYyJ xm;ygawmYvJ? NyD;awmY &Sif bmvdkY oufNyif;cs&wmvJ? 'gqdk wu,fY pdwfausauseyfeyfeJY trSm;0efcHwm r[kwfbl;qdkwmudk NywmyJ&SifY}} usef;acR;qef;rSm þrdef;rysdKav;tm; bmrS pum; y&d,m,fNzifY vSnfYpm;ír&aBumif; odvkduf&\/ wpfzufwiG v f nf; þrde;f rysdK\ toufuu kd ,f&ef vGepf mG ta&;BuD;aeNyDNzpf&m rde;f rysdKESiYf qufí pum;tacstwif raNymvdkawmYay/ xdkYaBumifYrdef;rysdKav; pdwfauseyfoGm;ap&ef aNym&awmY\/ ]]aumif;ygNyDcifAsm . . . aumif;ygNyD? uRefawmfrsdK; usef;acR;qef;onf bk&m;udk wdkifwnfNyD;oumv csif . . . csif}} olu rdef;rysKdav;\ emrnfudkrodoNzifY bmquf&rnfrSef;rod Nzpfaeav\/ xdkYaBumifY rdef;rysdKu ]]csifwl;wl;}}[k axmufay;vdkuf\/ usef;acR;qef;u cyfwnfwnfNzifY qufí . . . ]]uRefawmfrsdK; usef;acR;qef;onf bk&m;udkwdkifwnfNyD;oumv csifwl;wl;udk pdwfa&mudk,fyg trSm;0efcHygw,f cifAsm}}[k qdkvdkufav\/ csifwl;wl;vnf; 0rf;omoGm;vsuf ]]cd}}ceJ toHxGufatmif &,frdav\/ xdkpOf tqdyfuNyif;pGm wufvmNyef&m csifwl;wl;\ udk,frSmaysmYacGoGm;NyD; ukvm;xdkifwGif acGusoGm;av\/ usef;acR;qef;onf tvsifpvdk &ifcGifxJrS [lwef;*dkPf;\ tqdyfaNzaq;vHk; oHk;vHk;udkxkwfí csifwl;wl;\ yg;pyfxx J nfYum auR;vdu k \ f /NyD;vQif csiw f ;l wl;\ tuÐsvufarmif;pudk yifYwifvu kd \ f / xkt d csed w f iG f csiw f ;l wl;\ vufarmif;wpf0ufcefYrSm ndKrnf;vsuf&dSNyD; tqdyfaiGYrsm; wNznf;Nznf;ESifY tay:odkYwufaeonfudk awGY&\/ usef;acR;qef;u csifwl;wl;\ vufarmif;udk qkyfudkifxm;&if; ]]tck b,fvdkaeao;vJ[if}}[k wdk;wdk; ar;vdkuf\/ csifwl;wl;u avoHav;NzifY . . . ]]&if0rSm usyfaeovdkyJ&Sif? aBomf . . . 'geJY &SifYudk b,foluNrefNref trSm;0efcHcdkif;wmvJ? wu,fvdkY uRefrom aooGm;&ifawmY &SifYwm0efyJ}} usef;acR;qef;rl þtaNctaea&mufrSawmY rdef;rysdKav;tm; qufí ESpfodrfY&kHom &dSawmYonf[k em;vnfum . . . ]]ta&;rBuD;ygbl;Asm; pdwfcsyg? wpfudk,fvHk;rSm&dSwJY BuGufom;awGudkom avQmYxm;vdkufyg? tm; vHk;0 rawmifYxm;eJYaemf? tdyfaysmfaewJYtwdkif; tomav;ae [kwfvm;}} csifwl;wl;u tqdyf'Pf cHae&onfYBum;rS usef;acR;qef;tm; rsufapmif;csdwf BunfY&if; . . . ]]uRefrukd aoaeovdkyJ aecdkif;ygawmYvm;}}[k aNymav\/ usef;acR;qef;u oufNyif;wdk;wkd;cs&if; pdwfxJrS pOf;pm;vdkufrd\/ ]]'Drdef;uav; 'Davmuf tonf;toef NzpfaecsdefrSmawmif 'Dvkd EGJYqdk; qdk;ao;&if aemifwpfaeY olY&JY a,mufsm;vkyfwJYvl[m ol&JY EGJYqdk;qdk;wJY 'Pfudk cHae&awmYrSmyJ}} xdkokdY pOf;pm;rdpOf &kwfw&uf &ifckefoGm;rd\/ csifwl;wl;ol\ tawG;udk &dyfrdoGm;ovm;[k pdk;&drfpdwfNzifYvnf; rodrom wdwfwcdk; BunfYvdkufrdao;\/ xdktcg NzLa&mfaeaom csifwl;wl;\ rsufESm eD&JaeNyD; &Suftrf;trf;Nzpfaeaom trlt&m ay:vGifaeonfudk awGY&\/ csifwl;wl;vnf; bmrsm; pOf;pm;rdavonf roday/ ESpfOD;pvHk;rSm tBunfYcsif;qHkvsuf wpfûydifeufwnf; rsufvTmcsvdkufrdBu\/ NyD;wpfzufodkY rodrom vSnfYvdkufrd&mrSmvnf; twlwlyifNzpfyg\/ xkdYaemufwGifrl csifwl;wl;u toHwkd;wdk;NzifY . . . ]]tpfudk uRefr aNymwmqdkwm trSm;yg&dS&if uRefrudk cGifYvTwfygaemf? pdwfvJ rqdk;eJYaemf}}[k qdkNyefyg\/ 98
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usef;acR;qef;rSm csifwl;wl; rlv olYemrnfudk ac:ae&mrS ,cktcg ]]tpfudk}}[k ac:vdkufonfudk Bum;&aomtcg &ifrSm ydkí ckefvmav\/ oufNyif;aiGYaiGY&SdLufvsuf vIyf&Sm;aeaom pdwftpOfudk wnfNidrfatmif ûyvdkuf\/ xdkYaemufwGifrl aEG;axG;aom twGif;tm;vIdif;udkoHk;í csifwl;wl;\ vufarmif; 'Pf&m0ef;usiftm ; cyfzGzG yGwfoyf EdSyfe,fay;aeav\/ csifwl;wl;onf olYtm; *&kwpdkufNzifY ,k,BuifempGm ukoay;aeaom usef;acR;qef;\ rsufESmudk wpfcsuf wpfcsuf wdww f cd;k BunfY&if; &ifxrJ mS vGepf mG aus;Zl;wifaerdav\/ odYk &mwGif usef;acR;qef;rSm tm&kH rysHYviG Yf atmif xdef;odrf;NyD; ukoaecsdefNzpfí EIwfNzifYrl csifwl;wl; zGifY[raNym&Smay/ xdkpOf azmufceJtoHESifYtwl tqdyfvQdKY0Suf vufeufwpfckonf csifwl;wl;\ vufarmif;xJrS ckefxGufvm\/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGifyif 'Pf&mrS aoG;ñdkykyfrsm;vnf; yef;xGufvmav\/ aoG;rnf;rsm;rS eD&JaomaoG;rsm; aNymif;vJxGufvmaomtcsdefwGif usef;acR;qef;onf 'kwd,vQdKY0Sufvufeufudk xkwf,l&ef tm;xkwf&Nyef\/ rBumyg/ 'kwd,vQdKY0Sufvufeufonf yxrvufeuftwdkif; xGufvmav\/ xdktcsdefwGif Nrpfurf;ay:rS vlwpfa,mufu . . . ]]rrav;? avSxJrSm &dSygovm;? quf&ufiSuftzGJY acgif;aqmifu rrav;udk awGYcsifaeygw,f cifAsm}}[k vSrf;í atmfaNymoH Bum;&\/ usef;acR;qef; tYHBooGm;\/ odkYaomf vGefpGm ta&;BuD;aom tcsdefNzpfí *&krûyEdkiftm;acs/ xdkvlu aemufwpfcg atmfvdkufNyef\/ xdktcg csifwl;wl;\ avSay:rS avSxdk;om;u . . . ]]rrav;udk vlqdk;wpfa,mufu Avuúm&vkyfzdkY êud;pm;aeygw,fAsdKY? tzGJYacgif;aqmifBuD; tNrefvmyg}}[k NyefatmfaNymav\/ urf;ay:rS vlu . . . ]]b,faumifvJuG? twifY&JvScsnfvm;? rif;om igwdkY&JY rrav;udk rSJYwpfaygufpGef;atmif vkyfrd&if? rif;wpfudk,fvHk;udk "m;eJYrTef;NyD; owfypfr,f}}[k Budrf;0g;aeNyef\/ wwd, vQdKY0SufvufeufrSm tom;xJodkY teufqHk; pdkuf0ifoGm;cJY[ef wl\/ usef;acR;qef;u twGif;tm;vdIif;udk tBudrfBudrf oHk;í ESdyfe,f wGef;xkwfaomfvnf; xGufrvmao;ay/ xdktcdkuf avSwpfpif;u olwdkYavSem;odkY avSmfcwfa&muf&dSvmonfudk vnf;aumif;? vlwpfa,mufu olwdkYavSay:okdY ckefwufvmonfudk vnf;aumif; usef;acR;qef; odvkduf\/ xdkvl avS0rf;xJodkY ckef0ifvkdufcsdefwGifrl usef;acR;qef;onf olYtm; ausmay;um vufESpfzufuvnf; csifwl;wl;\ vufarmif;udk twif;qkyfudkifxm;aom taetxm;NzifY Nrif&aomf usef;acR;qef;onf wu,fyif csifwl;wl;tm; apmfum;armfum; ûyvkyfaeonf[k xifNyD; usef;acR;qef;\ ausmNyifudk vuf0g;apmif;NzifY wtm; ckwfcsvdkufawmY\/ usef;acR;qef;u avoHudk Bum;onfESifYyif rdrdtm; vuf0g;apmif;NzifY ckwfvkdufNyDNzpfaBumif; odvkduf\/ odkYaomf olu NyefrckcHacs/ oufNyif;wpfcsuf &dSLufvsuf vuf0g;apmif; 'Pfudk wif;cHvkdufav\/ usef;acR;qef;onf [lwef;*dkPf;\ twGif;tm; odkif;usifYpOfudk eufeJNrifYrm;pGm usifYxm;cJYolNzpf&m ol\tm;udk vTJaNymif;aomenf;NzifY xdkvl\ vuf0g;apmif;ESpfbufqDodkY ydkYvdkufNcif;yif Nzpf\/ xdktcsdefwGifyif azmufceJtoHESifY csifwl;wl;\ vufarmif;xJrS aemufqkH; vQdKY0Sufvufeuf xGufvmNyD; avS0rf;\ opfom;qDodkY oGm;pdkufaeav\/ xdkvlu xdktcsif;t&mudk Nrifaomf usef;acR;qef;tm; 'kwd,tBudrf ckwfcs&ef &nf&G,fxm;onfY vuf0g;apmif;udk &kyfodrf;vdkufNyD; . . . ]]rrav; bmrS rNzpfbl;aemf}}[k atmfar;vdkufav\/
99
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; wpfqufwnf;wGifyif xdkvlonf csifwl;wl;\ vufarmif;rS ñdkrnf;aom aoG;ykyfrsm; yef;xGufvmonfudk awGY&Nyefaomf &ifYusufaom odkif;orm;wpfOD;yDyD usef;acR;qef;tm; txifvGJí &dkufvdkufrdNyDNzpfaBumif; csufcsif; odvu dk af v\/ odYk oo d nfEiS Yf trQ pdwrf aumif;Ncif;rsm;pGm Nzpfrad v\/ ol\ vuf0g;apmif;rSm ausmufNyifBuD;udyk if tpd y f p d y f t NrG m NrG m uG J a tmif &d k u f E k d i f a om vuf 0 g;apmif ; rsd K ;Nzpf \ / ,ck usef ; acR;qef ; u ol \ vuf0g;apmif;&dkufcsufudk wif;í cHvdkuf&m tonf;ESvHk;yif aBurGoGm;aya&mYrnf[k xifvkduf\/ xkdYaBumifY twGif; 'PfaBuaq;udk vsifNrefpGmxkwfNyD; usef;acR;qef;tm; aomufcsvkduf&ef ay;vdkuf\/ usef;acR;qef;u xdkvlay;aom 'PfaBuaq;udk acgif;cg,rf;í Niif;y,fvkduf\/ ol\ pdwftm&kHurl csifwl;wl;\ vufarmif;qDokdYom a&muf&dSae\/ csifwl;wl;\ vufarmif; 'Pf&mrS aoG;eDrsm; xGufvmonfudk awGYaomtcgrSyif olYvufEpS zf ufukd vTwv f u kd \ f / olu acgif;udk qwfceJvn S Yf í xkv d t l m; tûyH;NzifY BunfYvu kd \ f / ]]aemifBuD;&JY vuf0g;apmif;tm;u wu,fNyif;wmyJ}} xdkvl vGefpGm wkefvIyfoGm;\/ tb,fYaBumifYrl olY vuf0g;apmif;'PfaBumifY aoqHk;cJYaom odkif;orm;rsm;vnf; renf;awmY/ ,ck þvli,furl vuf0g;apmif;&dkufcsufudk rwdrf;ra&Smif&kHru wif;íyif cHvdkufonfYwdkif bmrQrNzpfonfudk awGY&aomaBumifY Nzpfyg\/ xdkvlu wkefwkef,if,ifNzifY ]]cifAsm; . . . cifAsm;}}[kom [dkra&muf onfra&muf qdkEdkifav\/ usef;acR;qef;url xdkvludk ûyH;&kHom ûyH;NyNyD; bmrQ raNymbJ csifwl;wl; urf;ay;aom vufudkifyk0gudk ,lí 'Pf&mudkaq;xnfYNyD; vufudkifyk0gNzifY pnf;aESmifvkduf\/ NyD;rSyif . . . ]]csifwl;wl;? rif;&JY rdwfaqGeJY rdwfqufay;ygOD;}}[k qdkav\/ xdkvlrSmrl ,cktcsdefxd usef;acR;qef;tm; tHYzG,fbeef; rsufvHk;rsufqefNyL;vsuf BunfYaeav\/ csifwl;wl;u rsufESmwpfcsufwif;vdkufNyD; . . . ]]quf&ufiSufacgif;aqmif bmaBumifaewmvJ? [lwef;*dkPf;u usef;acR;qef;udk EIwfqufvdkufav}} xdktcgrSyif xdkvlrSm owdNyef0ifvm\/ csufcsif;yif usef;acR;qef;tm; t&dktaoay;vsuf . . . ]]aBomf . . . vufpowfawmY [lwef;*dkPf;u emrnfBuD; odkif;orm; usef;acR;qef;udk;? 'gaBumifYrdkYvkdYvJ 'DavmufNynfY0wJY twGif;tm; &dSaewmudk;As? usKyfu csefusif;zefyg? apmapmu apmfum;rdwmudk tEl;tnGwf awmif;yefygw,fAsm}} csefusif;zef\ toufrSm ig;q,fausmfcefY &dSNyDNzpf\/ rsufESmoGifNyif Burf;wrf;\/ vuf0g;ESpfzufrSm ,yfawmifESpfckyrm BuD;rm;NyefYum;NyD; rsufESmwGifa&m vuf? ycHk;? ukwfom;wGifyg BuGufom;rsm; tzkzk? tûydif;ûydif; NynfYarmufaeav\/ pifppf csefusif;zefonf trmcH odkif;ynmudk tqifYNrifYpGm avYusifYxm;ol Nzpf\/ csefusif;zefonf usef;acR;qef;tm; t&dktaoay; EIwfqufNyD;aemuf csifwl;wl;tm; 'l;axmufí t&dt k aoay;\/ csifw;l wl;url acgif;wpfcsufom ndwNf yav\/ usef;acR;qef;\ pdwx f w J iG f vGepf mG tHYBooGm;\/ odkif;ynm vGefpGmNrifYrm;aom csefusif;zefonf csifwl;wl;tm; tb,faBumifY usdK;EGHpGm qufqHae&oenf; [laom tawG;aBumifYyif Nzpfyg\/ xdkpOf csefusif;zefu. . . ]]usm;opftzGYJ acgif;aqmifu [dik q f m;*dP k ;f ? a0vig;*dP k ;f eJY zkusufe,fu vufo;D bk&if*P kd ;f u vlawGukd zdwfNyD; reufNzefreuf csefxefNrpf0&JY 0rfzefuRef;rSm qHkzdkY aNymvdkufw,f? [dkrSm "m;NyyGJvkyfrvdkYwJY? 'gayr,fY tck rrav;u 'Pf&m enf;enf;yg;yg;&aeawmY rrav;udk uifwnfûrdYudk uRefawmf t&if NyefydkYvdkufr,fav? 0rfzefuRef;&JY udpöuawmY usm;opftzGJY acgif;aqmifeJY uRefawmf&dS&ifawmY &EdkifNyDxifygw,f}} csifwl;wl;u EIwfcrf;wpfcsufrJYí . . . ]][dkifqm;*dkPf;? a0vig;*dkPf;? vufoD;bk&if*dkPf;? tif; . . . vufoD;bk&if*dkPf;&JY *dkPf;csKyf aumYqef;vmovm;}} ]]oludk,fwdkif olY*dkPf;udk OD;aqmifvmw,fvdkY Bum;&w,f rrav;}} csifwl;wl;u rJYûyH;ûyH;vsuf . . . 100
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]aumYqef;&JY emrnfu odkif;avmurSm BuD;ayr,fY usm;opftzGJY acgif;aqmifudkawmY rEdkifEdkifbl;? aemufb,fu okdif;tausmftarmf vmOD;rvJ}} csefusif;zefu pOf;pm;NyD;aemuf . . . ]]cGef;vGef*dkPf;u vli,f"m;orm; ESpfa,mufvJvmw,fvdkY Bum;&w,f? olwdkYuvJ 'D . . . e*g; . . . e*g; . . .}} csefusif;zefu pum;udk wef;vef;&yfNyD; usef;acR;qef;tm; wpfcsufrQ rsufvHk;axmifYuyf BunfYvdkuf\/ csifwl;wl;u at;pufpGmNzifY . . . ]]olwdkYuvJ e*g;Edkif"m;udk BunfYcsifowJYvm;? [ifY . . . awmfBum awGYvkdufvdkY avmb&ruf wufaeBuOD;r,f}} usef;acR;qef;rl ]]e*g;Edkif"m;}}[laom toHudk Bum;onfESifY &ifwpfcsuf ckefoGm;\/ csifwl;wl;u qufí . . . ]]tif; . . . 'DESpfawGrSm odkif;avmurSm tawmfYudk xl;cRefwJY vli,fodkif;orm;awG ay:xGufvmw,f? cGef;vGef*dkPf;u vli,fESpfa,mufudk txifao;vdkY rNzpfbl;? igYvufarmif;u 'Pf&mu ta&;rBuD;bl;? 'DawmY igwdkYtm;vHk; 0rfzefuRef;udk vdkufoGm;NyD; yGJBunfYBuwmaygY? usm;opftzGJYacgif;aqmifudkvJ ulnD&if;aygY}} csifwl;wl;u pum;tqHk;wGif usef;acR;qef;bufodkYvSnfYí ûyH;BunfY&if; ]]tpfudkvJ uRefrwdkYeJYtwl vdkufcJYygvm;? yGJBuD;yGJaumif; BunfY&wmaygY}}[k qdkav\/ usef;acR;qef;rSm e*g;Edik "f m;aBumifY olYtpfukd &Dwu kd &f iT f 'Pf&mtNyif;txef&cJY&m ,ckvkd e*g;Edik "f m;NyyGo J Ydk &Dwdkuf&Tiftm; &ufpufpGm t&dk;udk acsypfaom vlqdk;rsm;vnf; a&mufaumif;a&mufvmrnf[k awG;vdkufrd\/ xdkYaBumifY csifwl;wl;\ zdwfac:csufudk acgif;ndwfí oabmwlvkduf\/ csifwl;wl;rsufESmrSm &kwfNcnf; 0if;vufoGm;\/ csufcsif;yif csefusif;zefbufodkY vSnfYí . . . ]]uJ? rif;&JYavS a&SYuae vrf;NyNyD;oGm;}} ]][kwfuJY rrav;}} csefusif;zefu avS0rf;xJrS cg;udkif;í aemufqkwf aemufqkwfNzifY xGufcGmoGm;av\/ csefusif;zef\ csifwl;wl;tay: qufqHyHkrSm tdrfapu tdrf&Siftay: vGefpGm usdK;EGHouJYodkY usdK;EGHpGm qufqHonfudk awGY&\/ xdkYaemuf csifwl;wl;u avSxdk;om;tm; vuf,yfac:vdkuf\/ ]][dwf? 'DudkvmcJYprf;}} avSxdk;om;rSm avS0rf;xJodkY rvm0HY0HY vm0HY0HY Nzpfae&Sm\/ tb,fYaBumifYrl olonf apmapmpOfu taNctaeudk aocsmpGm pl;prf;Ncif;rûyyJ t&rf;uma&m atmf[pfí {nfYonfudk apmfum;rdcJYaom tNzpfudk odaomaBumifY wpfudk,fvHk; wkef,ifum rvm0HY0HY Nzpfae&Ncif;yifNzpf\/ ]]ig ac:aew,f}} ]][kwfuJY rrav;? uRefawmf . . . uRefawmf rodvdkY}} avSx;kd om;u uwkeu f ,ifNzifY 0ifvm&if; csifw;l wl;\ rsufEmS trlt&m vH;k 0 at;pufaeonfukd Nrifaomf usef;acR;qef;tm; tultnDawmif;aom tm;udk;aom tBunfYNzifY vSrf;í wpfcsufBunfYvdkuf\/ usef;acR;qef; pdwfxJwGifrl . . . ]]'D avSxdk;om;u trSefrSm olYtwGuf pdwfylNyD; atmf[pf tultnD awmif;wmyg? tck 'DavSxdk;om;udk ol bmrsm;vkyfrSmrdkY 'Davmufawmif aBumufaeygvdrfY}}[k awG;rd\/ xdkpOf csifwl;wl;onf aBumufvefYvGef;oNzifY uwkefu,if Nzpfaeaom avSxdk;om;tm; at;pufaom rsufvHk;rsm;NzifY pdkufBunfY&if; . . . ]]rif;rSm em;eJYrsufpd &dSvsufom;eJY bmvdkY 'Davmufawmif toHk;rus&wmvJ? 'DawmY rif;&JY em;eJY rsufpdudk bmvkyfypfzdkYoifYovJ aNymprf;}} avSxdk;om;u 0rf;omaom trlt&may:vmNyD; csufcsif; "m;udk qGJxkwfí olYem;&Gufudk Nzwfvkduf\/ b,fbufem; NywfoGm;NyD;aemuf nmbufem;udk Nzwf&ef ûyvdkufcsdefwGif usef;acR;qef;u "m;udk vk,lvdkuf\/ 101
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]'DrSm csifwl;wl;? usKyfu olYudk,fpm; awmif;yefygw,f? 'Dvkd Nypf'PfrsdK; ray;ygeJY}} csifwl;wl;u oufNyif;cs\/ NyD; usef;acR;qef;tm; EGJYqdk;qdk;aom tBunfYuav;NzifY BunfY&if; . . . ]]aumif;ygNyDwJY&Sif? &SifYoabmtwdkif;ygyJ}}[k qdk\/ NyD;vQif avSxdk;om;bufokdY vSnfYum . . . ]]eif usef;acR;qef;udk aus;Zl;wifvkdufprf;}}[k trdefYay;av\/ avSxdk;om;rSm em;wpfzuf NywfoGm;aomfvnf; tNcm;em;wpfzufESifY rsufvHk;tpHk taumif;yuwd usefao;oNzifY emusif&rSef;rodatmif 0rf;omaeav\/ xdkYaBumifY usef;acR;qef;a&SY0,f 'l;axmufvsuf OD;cs uefawmYav\/ NyD;aemuf csifwl;wl;udkyg uefawmYNyD;vQif avSyJYydkif;qDokdY xGufoGm;av\/ ra&S;raESmif;yif avSxdk;om;onf tm;rmeftNynfYNzifY atmf[pfum avSudk r&yfrem; avSmfcwfaeonfudk Bum;&\/ olYoGif[efu ao&GmrSNyefvmonfYyrm wufBuGaeav\/ usef;acR;qef;onf csifwl;wl;tm; wpfcsufrQ apmif;iJYBunfYvdkuf\/ pdwfxJwGifrl . . . ]]'Drdef;uav;[m &kyfacsmoavmuf pdwfusawmY w,fNyD; cufxefygvm;? olYvufatmufu vlawG olYudk 'Davmufawmif aBumufaewmudkaxmuf&if cgwkdif; b,favmufrsm;awmif &ufpufcJYovJrodbl;}} csifwl;wl;url usef;acR;qef;onf olYtm; ausmay;xkdifvdkufonfudk awGYNyD; wpfcsdefwnf;wGifyif usef;acR;qef;\ tuÐsaemufausmwGif apmapmu csefusif;zef\ vuf0g;apmif; 'PfaBumifY pkwfNyJaBurGvsuf &dSonfudkyg awGY&av\/ xdktcg csdKvGifaom toHav;NzifY . . . ]]tpfudk? tpfudkYtuÐs cRwfvdkufav? uRefr csKyfay;r,f? aemufausmrSm NyJaew,f tpfudk&JY}} ]]rvdkygbl;}} ]]aBomf . . . tpfudkuvJ ? uRefrvuf&m raumif;rSm pdk;vdkYvm;[if}} ]]r[kwfygbll;}} usef;acR;qef;u Niif;qefíom ae\/ taBumif;rl csifwl;wl;uJYodkY vltaNrmuftNrm;udk &ufpufpGm owfcJYaom oltm; okwfoifypfoifYonf[k ol em;vnfvdkuf\/ ok d Y & mwG i f ,ck r l ol Y t pf u d k &D w d k u f & T i f u d k taBumif ; ûyí csif w l ; wl ; ES i f Y t wl wpf a vS w nf ; pD ; wpfc&D;wnf;oGm;ae&\/ okdYaomf 0rfzefuRef;rSudpörsm; NyD;NywfvQifrl csifwl;wl;ESifY tNrefqHk;vrf;cGJrnf[k ydkif;Nzwfvdkuf\/ csifwl;wl;vnf; vGefpGmvsif\/ yg;eyf\/ usef;acR;qef;\ rsufESmtrlt&m ñdSK;vsuf&dSonfudk NrifonfESifYyif bmawG pOf;pm;aeonfudk odvdkuf\/ xdkYaBumifY at;pufaom toHNzifY . . . ]]'DrSmtpfudk? uRefrav wdk;wmusif;wdkYvlodkufudk owf&Hkwifrubl;? [dk a0Yzkef;qdkwJY bkef;BuD;udk owfwmvJuRefrygyJ}} ]][kwfygw,f cifAsm;owfwmrSef; usKyf apmapmuwnf;u oHo, NzpfaeNyD;om;yg? 'gayr,fY cifAsm;b,fyHkb,fenf; owfw,fqdkwmom usKyf rodwm}} ]]'gu bmrsm;xl ; qef ; vd k Y vJ ? uRef r u uef p yf r S m tom0yf N yD ; &S i f w d k Y pum;aNymaewmud k acsmif;em;axmifaewmudk;&SifY? 'Dbkef;BuD;u &SifeJY uRefr wu,fwrf; &kyfcsif;rwlrSef;odvdkY zGifYaNymr,f tvkyfrSm uRefru olYyg;pyfxJ tyfacsmif;ypfxnfYvkdufwmaygY? &SifwdkYu ukef;ay:rSmyJ &SmBuawmY b,fawGYygYrvJ}} ]]cifAsm; 'DvkdvkyfvdkufawmY a&Smifvif*dkPf;u usKyfowfw,fvdkYyJ xifwmaygYAs? aumif;w,f? odyfaumif;wJYtBuHyJ}} usef;acR;qef;\ pum;xJwGif rauscsrf;[ef ygaeav\/ csifwl;wl;url rod[efûyvsuf vJYvJYûyH;&if; . . . ]]tckvdk csD;usL;wmudk trsm;BuD; aus;Zl;wifygw,f &Sif}} usef;acR;qef;u a'goNzifY . . . ]]usKyfu cifAsm;eJY bm&efNidK;rS r&dSbJeJY bmvkdYusKyfudk acsmufwGef;&wmvJ}} 102
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csifwl;wl;u ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]uRefru &Sif acsmufxJusatmif wrifoufoufvkyfwm r[kwfygbl;? 'gayr,fY a&Smifvif*dkPf;eJY [lwef;*dkPf;[m odkif;avmurSm xdyfoD;*dkPf;ESpf*dkPf;qdkawmY wu,fvdkYrsm; tJ'D *dkPf;ESpf*dkPf; y#dyu©NzpfNyD; wdkufcdkufBu&if b,folEdkifrvJqkdwm uRefr odcsifvdkY vkyfvdkufwmyg}} usef;acR;qef; rsufvHk;rsufqef NyL;us,foGm;\/ wkefvIyfNcif;vnf; Nzpfrd\/ pdwfxJrSrl . . . ]]vufpowfawmY 'D&nf&G,fcsufeJYudk;? 'gudk ig vHk;0 r&dyfpm;rdvdkufbl;}} xdkpOf csefusif;zef\ a&SYaNy;avSrS vlwpfa,muf\ atmfaNymoHudk Bum;vdkuf\/ ]]a0vig;*dkPf;uvm;a[Y? avSay:rSm b,fol&dSovJ}} nmbuf cyfvSrf;vSrf; a0vig;*dkPf; avSay:rS vlu NyefatmfNyef\/ ]]a0vig;*dkPf;&JY ukd,fawmfav;&dSw,f? 0rfzefuRef;udk oGm;rvdkY}} xdktcg csefusif;zefavSay:rS vlu . . . ]]rrav;eJY quf&uftzGJYacgif;aqmif 'DrSm&dSw,f? cifAsm;wdkYavS aemufqkwfay;yg}} a0vig;*dkPf;avSay:rS vlu NyefatmfNyef\/ ]]wu,fvkdY cifAsm;wdkYavSay:rSm rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;u *dkPf;csKyfBuD;udk,fwdkif&dS&if usKyfwkdY aemufqkwfay;zdkY qHk;Nzwfxm;ygw,f? 'DNyifvlawGqdk&ifawmY aemufqkwfay;p&m rvdkygbl;}} rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;qdkaom pum;udk Bum;aomf usef;acR;qef; tHYBooGm;\/ pdwfxJrSvnf; . . . ]]'D*dkPf;u bm*dkPf;vJ? q&mYaNymoHvJ wpfcgrS rBum;bl;cJYygvm;}} usef;acR;qef;onf NrpfNyifodkY acgif;NyLum BunfYvkduf\/ nmbuf cyfvSrf;vSrf; Nrpfa&Nyifay:wGif avSBuD;wpfpif;? BuD;rm;aom xdkavSBuD;ay:wGif a0vig;BuD;wpfaumif a&;qGJxm;\/ trSefpifppf a0vig;*dkPf;rSm þteD;0ef;usif e,faNrwpf0dkufwGif usufpm;aeaom yifv,f"m;Ny*dkPf;BuD; wpf*dkPf;omvQifNzpf\/ vlowf? ypönf;vkonfY 'kp&dkufrIrsm; usL;vGefaeaom *dkPf;yif/ xdktcdkuf csefusif;zefonf avSxdyfwGif &yfNyD; atmfaNymvkduf\/ ]]a0vig;*dkPf;u udk,fawmfav;? usKyfwdkY&JY rrav; 'DrSm&Sdaew,f? cifAsm;u qHk;Nzwfcsufudk rNyifbl;vm;}} a0vig;*dkPf;rS vlwpfa,mufuvnf; avS0rf;xJrS xGufvmNyD; ceJYûyH; wpfcsufûyH;í atmfaNymae\/ ]]ukef;ay:rSmawmY cifAsm;wdkY&JY rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;udk usKyfwdkY tavsmYay;&rSmaygY? 'gayr,fY a&ay:rSmawmY cifAsm;wkdYu usKyfwkdYudk vdkufavsm&rSmyJ}} xdkYaemuf a0vig;*dkPf;u aemufxyf &Gufxnfwpfck wyfvdkufNyef&m avSrSm Nrefonfxuf NrefvmNyD; a&SYrSwpf&dyf&dyfaNy;aeav\/ trDvdkuf&efyif rvG,fawmYacs/ xdkpOf csefusif;zefu oHukef[pfí atmfNyef\/ ]]a0vig;*dkPf;? e*g;Edkif"m;? aemufNyD; e*g;Edkif"m;}} NrpfNyifwiG f avBurf;vdiI ;f xef rd;k xefvsuf&\ Sd / avSEpS pf if;rSmvnf; tvSr;f uGmaeNyD/ xdYk aBumifY csefusif;zef bmaNymonfudk a0vig;*dkPf;rS aumif;pGm rBum;&acs/ odkYaomf a0vig;*dkPf;u udk,fawmfav;url csefusif;zefu e*g;Edkif"m;udk ESpfBudrfrQ aNymonfudkom Bum;vdkuf\/ csefusif;zefwpfa,muf ta&;BuD;aom pum;udk aNymaeNyD[k wGufum olYavSudk acgif;vSnfYí csefusif;zefwdkY avSESifY eD;atmif uyfvmav\/ tem;odkYa&mufaomf olu atmfí . . . ]]csefusif;zef cifAsm;bmaNymaewmvJ}}[k ar;av\/ csefusif;zefu . . . ]]udk,fawmfav;? usm;opftzGJYacgif;aqmif e*g;Edkif"m;}}[k Nywfawmif;Nywfawmif; atmfaNymae\/ usef;acR;qef;rl vGefpGm tHYBoae\/ ]]'DvlawG bmawGaNymaeygvdrfY? pum;awGuvJ Nywfawmif;Nywfawmif;eJYygvm;}} xdkokdY&dSpOf a0vig;*dkPf;\ avSu olwdkYavSESifY eD;uyfpGm a&mufvmav\/ csefusif;zefonf &kwfw&uf ausmufq;l BuD;wpfcu k kd qGí J a0vig;*dP k ;f \ avSay:okYd ypfwifvu kd \ f / xkt d cg a0vig;*dP k ;f rS avSx;kd om;ESpOf ;D \ pl;pl;0g;0g; atmfoHudk Bum;&NyD; 0kef;ceJ a&xJodkY usoGm;oHudkyg Bum;vdkuf&\/ 103
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csefusif;zef ypfvdkufaom ausmufql;BuD;rSm a0vig;*dkPf;\ avSwGif csdwfrdoGm;\/ aemufxyfwpfzef ausmufq;l BuD; wpfcNk zifYvnf; ypfvu kd Nf yef\/ xkt d cg ausmufq;l BuD; ESpcf rk mS a0vig;*dP k ;f \ avSukd qGcJ sdwx f m;NyD; Nzpfvsuf avSESpfpif;udk qufoG,fxm;ovdk NzpfoGm;\/ a0vig;*dkPf;rS udk,fawmfav;u txdwfwvefYNzifY . . . ]]csefusif;zef cifAsm; bmvkyfwmvJ}}[k atmfar;\/csefusif;zefu ta&;rrl/ olYnmbufvufudkom wpfcsuf a0SY,rf;vdkuf\/ xdktcg rnf;euf awmufaNymifaeaom z&JoD; oP²mef t&m0w¬KBuD;wpfck ysHxGufoGm;NyD; a0vig;*dkPf;\ avS&u G w f ikd Bf uD;odYk bke;f ceJreS u f m &Guw f ikd rf mS usKd ;xGuo f mG ;awmY\/ pifppf z&Jo;D oP²mef t&m0w¬KrSm cseu f si;f zef\ vufpaJG wmf vufeufwpfrsdK;yif Nzpf\/ oHrPdv;kH NzifY ûyvkyx f m;NyD; taemufbufwiG f oHêud;NzifY qufo, G x f m;\/ nmbufoHvkH;udk ypfvTwfvdkufonfESifY b,fbufoHvHk;vnf; tvdktavQmuf vkdufxGufoGm;\/ xdktcg avSBuD;taemufbuf &Gufwdkifyg aNAmif;ceJ usdK;usoGm;\/ ,if;aBumifY a0vig;*dkPf;\ avSay:rS vlrsm;u aBumufvefYwBum;NzifY pl;pl;0g;0g; atmfBu\/ csefusif;zefu olYoHvHk;ESpfvHk;udk Nyef&kyfodrf;NyD;vQif atmfaNymav\/ ]]rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;&dSwJYae&mrSm rif;wdkY a0vig;*dkPf;u b,fawmYrS a&SYuae roGm;&bl;uG? b,fawmYrS ausmr,f rBuHeJYa[Y}} pum;tqHk;wGif olu ausmufql;êud;ESpfacsmif;udk wtm;aqmifYqGJvdkuf&m avSBuD;rSm ukefywfwpfNcrf;eD;eD; tufuGJoGm;avawmY\/ xdkYaBumifY a0vig;*dkPf;\ avSBuD;rSm rnfodkYrQ oHk;r&awmYacs/ xdktcgrSyif csefusif;zefwdkY\ avSxdk;om;rsm;onf at;at;oufompGmNzifY avSudk a&SYokdY qufvuf avSmfcwfoGm;awmY\/ usef;acR;qef;u csefusif;zef\ vufpGrf;udkNrifaomf &ifxJwGif wkefvIyfoGm;rd\/ ]]'DvlBuD;u tm;oef&kHrubl;? ÓPfvJ tawmfaumif;wJYvlBuD;yJ}}[k aumufcsufcsrdav\/ xdkYaemuf csifwl;wl;tm; vSnfYBunfYvdkuf\/ csifwl;wl;\ rsufESmay:wGif bmrQ rxl;qef;ovdk at;at;aq;aq; toGif ay:vGifae\/ þtNzpf þtawGYtêuHrsm;onf olrtwGuf &dk;pif;aeNyD Nzpf[ef wlyg\/ xdkpOf yifv,fNyifrS a0vig;*dkPf;om;rsm;\ atmf[pf tultnDawmif;oHrsm;udk Bum;vdkuf&\/ olwdkYavSBuD;rSm wNznf;Nznf; epfNrKyfvsuf &dSaeNyDr[kwfygvm;/ usef;acR;qef;u xdktNzpfudkNrifaomf rBunfY&ufatmif Nzpfrdav\/ odkY&mwGif csifwl;wl;ESifY csefusif;zefwdkYESpfOD;tm; avSudk &yfcdkif;í xdkvlrsm;udk u,fwifcdkif;&efuvnf; vHk;0rNzpfEdkifaBumif; olod\/ xkdYaBumifY olu bmrQraNymbJ Nidrfaevdkuf\/ csifwl;wl;rl usef;acR;qef;\ trlt&mudk wpfcsufrQ tuJcwfvdkufNyD;vQif ûyH;vsuf &kwfw&uf csefusif;zefudk atmfaNymvdkufav\/ ]]csefusif;zefa&? uRefrwdkY {nfYonfawmfBuD;u oem;vdkYwJY? [dk a0vig;*dkPf;u vlawGudk avSay: u,fwifvdkufprf;yg}} rarQmfvifYaom pum;udk Bum;oNzifY usef;acR;qef; tHYBooGm;\/ csefusif;zefu olYavSay:rSaeí csifwl;wl;Bum;atmif atmfaNymav\/ ]][kwfuJYyg rrav;? {nfYonfawmfBuD;&JY trdefYtwdkif; Nzpf&ygapYr,f}} xdkYaemuf olYavSudk NyefauGYvdkufNyD; atmf[pfí . . . ]][dwf? a0vig;*dkPf;uvlawG em;axmifBuprf;? [lwef;*dkPf;u rif;wdkY&JY toufudk u,fcdkif;vdkY igu u,f&w,frSwfyg? rif;wdkY raocsifao;&if igYavSbufudk ul;vmBuprf;}} a0vig;*dkPf;om;rsm;onf olYxufig toufvkí csefusif;zef\ avSbufodkY ul;cwfvmBuav\/ rBumrD a0vig;*dkPf;rS udk,fawmfav;tygt0if vl&Spfa,mufcefYudk u,fwifvdkufEdkifav\/ usefaNcmufa,mufrSmrl tpD;oefaom a&vdIif;ESifYtwl ygoGm;NyD; toufqHk;&IH;oGm;avonf/ usef;acR;qef;u . . . ]]aus;Zl;wifygw,f}}[k csifwl;wll;tm; pdkufBunfYum aNymav\/ 104
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csifwl;wl;url rsufESmxm;wif;wif;NzifY . . . ]][if; 'Da0vig;*dkPf;u vlawGtm;vHk;[m vlowf ypönf;vkaeBuwJY yifv,f"m;NyawG&SifY? &Sifu olwdkYudku,fNyD; bmvkyfrSmvJ}} usef;acR;qef;u bmrQ NyefraNymEdkif/ csifwl;wl;u qufí . . . ]]wu,fvkdY olwdkYudk ru,f&if &Sif uRefrudk pdwfxJu tNypfwifaerSm aocsmw,f? [if; . . . [if; 'D r d e f ; uav;u touf u av; i,f i ,f e J Y 'D a vmuf a wmif &uf p uf y gvm;? ig 'D v d k rd e f ; rpm;rsd K ;ud k tqdyf'Pf&maysmufatmif ukay;rdwm rSm;wmyJvdkY? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;}} usef;acR;qef;u rsufESm eD&JoGm;\/ tb,fYaBumifYrl apmapmpOfu usef;acR;qef;\ &ifxJwGif þtwdkif; cHpm;ae&onf r[kwfygvm;/ usef;acR;qef;u &SufûyH;NzifY . . . ]]cifAsm;u odyfpum;aNymwwfwmudk;? usKyf cifAsm;udk t&HI;ay;ygw,fAsm}}
105
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
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tcef; (12) "m;NyyGJ xdkYaemufwGifrl csifwl;wl;onf avS0rf;\ twGif;bufcef;xJodkY 0ifNyD; wHcg;ydwfvdkuf\/ twefBumaomf NyefxGufvmae\/ onfwpfBudrfwGifrl csifwl;wl;onf rdef;rt0wftpm;ESifY NyefxGufvm\/ usef;acR;qef;udkvnf; vuf,yfac:ae\/ usef;acR;qef; olYtem;okdYa&mufaomf tuÐst0wftpm; cRwfcdkif;onf/ usef;acR;qef; rNiif;omawmY/ csufcsif; tuÐsudk cRwfvdkuf\/ pdwfxJrSrl ol\ pkwfNyJaeaom tuÐsudk zmax;ay;rnf xifae\/ odkYaomf usef;acR;qef; xifouJYokdY r[kwfbJ apmapmpOfu olr 0wfxm;cJYaaom a,mufsm;0wf tuÐsudk usef;acR;qef;tm; 0wfapNyef\/ NyD;vQif usef;acR;qef;\ pkwfNyJaeaom tuÐsudk taemufbuf tcef;xJokdY Nyef,loGm;onf/ usef;acR;qef;rSm csifwl;wl; 0wfcdkif;oNzifYom 0wfvdkuf&\/ olr tuÐsu olYudk,fxnfESifYqdkvQif tenf;i,fusyfae\/ okdYaomf arT;ysYHaom&eHYwdkYNzifY xHkrTef;ae\/ xdk arT;&eHYu usef;acR;qef;\ ESm0okdY 0ifa&mufvsuf &ifudk wkefcgap\/ pdwfudk axGNym;ap\/ vIyf&Sm;ap\/ t&G,fysdK t&dkif;oufoufrQomNzpfaom usef;acR;qef;onf bmaBumifY&,frod/ csifwl;wl;\ rsufESmudkyif 0HY0HYpm;pm; rBunfY&JawmYay/ okdYaomf vIyf&Sm;aeaom pdwfudk t&dkif;uav; usef;acR;qef;u Budwfí rsdKodyfae&\/ tvsiftNref wnfNidrfapNcif;iSmvnf; NrpfNyifus,fodkY ai;arQmfBunfYvsuf tm&kHaNymif;apvdkuf&\/ okdYESifY eHeufvif;tm&kPfbufodkY ul;vm\/ olwdkYvdkufygvmaom avSrSmvnf; 0rfzefuRef;odkY wa&GYa&GYuyfívmNyDNzpf\/ xdktcsdefwGif uRef;ay:rS c&mrIwfoH Bum;vdkuf&onf/ xdktcg csefusif;zefwdkYavSrSm tvHeufESpfckudk xkwfvsuf uRef;bufrS Nrifomatmif tvHeuf ESpfacsmif;udk Nyefvnfa0SYNyae\/ avSonf uRef;tpyfokdY a&mufvkvk &dSoGm;NyDNzpf\/ xdktcgrSyif uRef;ay:rS vSnfY,rf;Nyaeaom tvHESpfckwGif usm;opfwpfaumif\yHk a&;qGJxm;onfudk awGY&awmY\/ tvHESpfck\ tv,fA[dkwGifawmYrl tbdk;tdkwpfOD;a&mufae\/ xdktbdk;tdku ]]usm;opftzGJYacgif;aqmif ayauG ; csd K u rrav;ud k vI d u f v S J p G m êud q d k y gw,f } }[k vS r f ; íaNym\/ tbd k ; td k t oH u tm;xk w f í zspfñSpfatmfvdkufaom toHrsdK;r[kwf/ wdk;Ncif;? us,fNcif;vnf; r&dS/ odkYaomf cyfa0;a0;rSyif Bum;ae&aom oHrSefrsdK;yif Nzpf\/ 106
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rdk;aomufcsdefwGif avSonf 0rfzefuRef;OD;odkY qdkufuyfavawmYonf/ usm;opftzGJYacgif;aqmif ayauG;csdKudk,fwkdif opfNym;wpfNym; ,lí ukef;aygifcif;ay;vdkuf\/ xkdtcg avSay:rS rsufESmxm; wnfwnfNzifY cyfBuGBuG qif;vmolu csifwl;wl;/ csifwl;wl;aemufrSmawmY usef;acR;qef;/ urf;aNray:odkY aNccsrdonfESifY csifwl;wl;u usef;acR;qef;tm; a&SYrS OD;aqmifavQmufapNyD; ayauG;csdKeSifY rdwfqufay;av\/ ayauG;csdK vGefpGm tHYBooGm;\/ taBumif;rl csifwl;wl;wpfa,muf usef;acR;qef;tm; vGefpGm ta&;w,l ta&;ay;qufqHaeonfudk awGYvkduf&aomaBumifYyifNzpfyg\/ odkYaomf ayauG;csdK Bum&SnfBumarsm tHYBo raevdkuf&yg/ tb,fYaBumifYrl csifwl;wl; rddwfqufay;vmaom vli,frSm [lwef;*dkPf;rS eHygwfig; okdif;orm; usef;acR;qef;rSef; odvkdufaomaBumifY &ifwpfcsufrQ wkefoGm;íyif Nzpf\/ NyD; ta&;w,l[efNzifYvnf; . . . ]]aBomf . . . vufpowfawmY [lwef;ckepfazmfxJu q&mav;udk;? tckvkd odcGifY&wm uRefawmfYudk,f uRefawmf vIdufvIdufvSJvSJ *kPf,lrdygw,fcifAsm}} usef;acR;qef;uvnf; tvm;wl Nyefvnf aNymvdkuf&onf/ xdktcg olwdkYESpfOD;tm; tuJcwfaeaom csifwl;wl;u csdKvGifaomtoHNzifY &,farm&if; . . . ]]&SifwdkY ESpfa,mufpvHk;[m udk,fY&ifxJu wu,faNymcsifwJYpum;udk raNymbJ [efaqmifyefaqmif aNymaeBuwmudk;? wpfa,mufu EIwfcGef;qufpum;om aNym&w,f? wu,f&ifxJrSm aNymcsifaewmu tJ'gr[kwfbl;? bmaNymcsifvJqdkawmY 'ku©ygyJ rrav;&m? [lwef;*dkPf;uvJ 'D"m;NyyGJudk vmaeygvm;? tif; ... 'Dtwdkif;qkd&if 'D"m;udk vkBur,fY vlawGxJrSm vlawmfwpfa,muf wkd;vmNyefNyDaygYcifAsmvdkY aNymcsifwm? NyD; aemufwpfa,mufuvJyJ EIwfcGef;qufpum;om 0wå&m;rysuf NyefaNym&w,f? wu,fawG;aewmu bmvJqdkawmY [if; . . . rif;wdkYvkd odu©mr&dS qdk;oGrf;csifwkdif; qdk;oGrf;aewJY 'kp&dkuf*dkPf;uvlawGeJY igu vHk;0tzufrvkyfcsifbl;? tJ'Dvdk awG;aerdw,f? NyefaNymcsifaew,f r[kwfvm;? uJ . . . b,fYES,fYvJ uRefraNymwm rSef&JYvm; }}[k ar;av\/ ayauG;csdKu w[m;[m; &,farmvdkuf\/ usef;acR;qef;url csifwl;wl;tm; vSnfYBunfYNyD; . . . ]]r[k w f y gbl ; ? usKyf a wG ; aewmu wpf r sd K ;yg? a[m'D q&mBuD ; ayauG ; csd K &J Y od k i f ; ynm[m tawmfudktqifYNrifYrm;ygvm;? apmapmu ta0;uaeNyD; toHrSefavmufeJY usKyfwdkY Bum;avmufatmif aNymEdkifwmudkBunfY&if usKyf tuJcwfrdwmaygYAs? uJ . . . q&mBuD;? q&mBuD;&JY odkif;ynmudk csD;usL;ygw,f? aemufNyD; usKyf'Dudk vmwm[mvJ csifwl;wl;udk tazmfûyNyD; yGJBunfYzdkY oufouf vmwJY vlwpfa,mufyg? "m;udkvkzdkY vHk;0 pdwfrul;rdygbl; cifAsm}}[k ayauG;csdKbufodkY vSnfYí NyefaNymNyefonf/ xdkpum;udk Bum;aomf csifwl;wl;rsufESmay:wGif ûyH;yef;wa0a0 NzpfoGm;\/ vGefpGm 0rf;omoGm;aom t&dyfta&mifrSm yGifYvef;oGm;Ncif;yif/ ayauG;csdK tHYBoae\/ csifw;l wl;\ pdw"f muf rmausm cufxefvo S nf[k ol em;vnfxm;NyD; tb,fy&k o d a,mufsm;rsdK;udkrS b,fwkef;urSvnf; rsufESmomray;cJYbl;aBumif; ol odxm;\/ ,ckrl usef;acR;qef;ESifYusawmY csifwl;wl;\ tpOfwif;rm cufxefaeaom rsufESmonf 0rf;om&dyfNzifY &Tef;a0vsuf aysmYaysmif;El;nHYNcif;odkY ul;aNymif;vsuf&dSonfudk awGY&aomaBumifYyif Nzpf\/ ayauG;csdKonf þvli,f usef;acR;qef;tm; csifwl;wl;u rsufESmomay;vsuf &dSaBumif;udkom odvdkuf\/ tb,fYaBumifY qdkonfudkrl em;rvnfao;acs/ xdYk Nyif vli,f usef;acR;qef;u olYtm; ysLiSmpGm NyefvnfqufqNH cif;? olY odik ;f ynmudyk g csD;usL;aeNcif;udyk if awGY&aomf usef;acR;qef;tay: tvdktavsmuf cifrifvdkpdwf Nzpfay:oGm;\/ ayauG;csdKu csifwl;wl;tm; av;pm;oHNzifY . . . ]]rrav;? [dkifqm;*dkPf;u vlawG&,f? a0vig;*dkPf;? vufoD;*dkPf;u vlawG&,f? tm;vHk;t&efoifY a&mufaeBuNyD? NyD;awmY cGef;vGef*dkPf;u vli,f "m;orm;ESpfa,mufvJ a&mufvmBuw,f? 'gayr,fY ESpfaumifpvHk; axmifYrusKd;bl;? 0ifY0ifYBuGm;BuGm;eJY odyfudk b0ifNrifYaew,f? q&mav; usef;acR;qef;wdkYvkd emrnfodyfBuD;&ifawmY b,favmufrsm;awmif b0ifcdkufaer,f rodbl;? uGmw,f rrav;}} xdpk Of wpfcak om ausmufaqmifBuD;\ aemufbufrS vli,fEpS af ,muf &kww f &uf avQmufxu G v f monfukd awGYvdkuf&NyD; . . . 107
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]a[Y . . . wdkYrsm;aemufuG,frSm bmawG aNymaewmvJ}}[k vSrf;atmfar;avonf/ xdkvli,fESpfa,mufrSm ydefydefoG,foG,fNzpfNyD; toufESpfq,fausmfcefYom &dSOD;rnfNzpfonf/ olwdkY\ aemufausmwGifrl "m;wpfvufpD vG,fxm;\/ ayauG;csdKu xdkvlESpfa,mufudk Nrifaomf csufcsif; rsufESmudk tcsKdqHk;xm;í &,f&,farmarmNzifY . . . ]]a[m . . . BunfYprf;? aNym&if;qdk&if; ay:vmBuwmudk;? tawmfyJ? cifAsm;wdkYeJY rdwfqufay;&OD;r,f? vmBu}} trSefrl cGef;vGef*dkPf;rS xdkvli,fESpfa,mufrSm ayauG;csKdwdkYudk &efûy&ef xGufvmNcif;yifNzpf\/ odkYaomf trSwfrxif &kwfcsnf;Nrifvdkuf&aom csifwl;wl;\ tvS&kyfvTmay:wGif csufcsif; rdef;armoGm;vsuf yg;pyf ta[mif;om;NzifY ai;aBumifoGm;Buav\/ wpf O D ; u rsuf a wmif r cwf w rf ; ai;armBunf Y a eNyD ; wpf a ,muf r l wpf c suf r Q ai;armBunf Y N yD ; rsufESmvTJvkduf\/ wpfzef wdwfwcdk;[efNzifY acsmif;BunfYNyef\/ ayauG;csKdu yHkysufyef;ysuf ai;aBumifaBumifNzpfaeaom vli,fudk vufñdSK;xdk;vsuf . . . ]]oluawmY aumif;usufcsef}}wJY/ wpfzef uGufBunfYuGufBunfYESifY wdwfwcdk;orm; vli,fudkrl . . . ]]oluawmY csefcsdKwJY cifAsm? olwdkY ESpfa,mufpvHk;[m "m;okdif;ynmrSm odyfudkxl;cRefBuwJY vli,fESpfa,mufygyJ? cGef;vGef*dkPf;&JY tm;xm;&m wu,fYxdyfoD; tausmftarmfawGaygY cifAsm? 'DwpfBudrf olwdkY aNrNyefYudk qif;vmwm[m olwdYk&JY eufeJwJY odkif;ynmudk tpGrf;NyzdkYvdkYygyJ}} ayauG;csdK\ pum;oHxJwGif ceJY[ef aESmaeav\/ usef;acR;qef;\ pdwfxJwGifrl ayauG;csdK okH;vdkufaom pum;aBumifY xdkvli,fESpfa,mufu NyefNyD; ceJYvmOD;rnf[k wGufvdkuf\/ odkYaomf xdkvli,f ESpfa,mufxHrS pum;NyefaNymoH qdwfNidrfae&kHru acgif;udkom auseyf[ef wGifwGifndwfaeonfudk awGYvkduf&\/olwdkY trlt&mudk BunfY&onfrSm ayauG;csdK\ aNympum;udkyif rBum;rdav[efyif/ use;f acR;qef;u wtHYwBoBuD;NzifY xdv k El pS af ,muftm; taotcsm xyfrí H pdu k Bf unfYawmYryS if tNzpfreS u f kd NrifawGY&awmY\/ wu,fwGif xdkvli,fESpfa,mufonf csifwl;wl;\ vSyaom &kyfqif; &lyumtm; ai;pdkufNcif;wvD? acsmif;aNrmif;Ncif;wpfvSnfYNzifY tñdSKYcHxm;&olrsm;ES,f rdef;rl;aerdonf r[kwfygvm;/ usef;acR;qef;onf xdktNzpfudkBunfYvsuf &,fcsifpdwfudk xdef;xm;vdkuf&\/ pdwfxJrSrl . . . ]]cGef;vGef*dkPf;[m okdif;avmurSm "m;odkif;ynmeJY emrnfodyfBuD;wJY *dkPf;wpf*dkPf;NzpfvsufeJY 'DwynfYESpfa,mufusawmY w,fNyD; atmufwef;usaeygvm;}}[k a&&Gufvkdufrd\/ trSefrl þvli,f "m;orm;ESpfa,mufrSm b0ifNrifYonf? armufrmonfuvGJí atmufwef;usvSaom vli,fESpfa,mufawmY r[kwfyg/ csifwl;wl;\ tvSuyif olwdkY\ pdwfESvHk;udk ñdSKY,lvdkufovdk vIyfcgapvsuf rdef;rl;a0atmif vSvGef;aeíyif Nzpfyg\/ ayauG;csdKuvnf; &,fcsifpdwfudk xdef;í rdwfqufaeNyef\/ ]]t[rf; . . . t[rf;? a[m'D vli,fuawmY [lwef;*dkPf;u usef;acR;qef;yg? 'guawmY csifwl;wl;wJY? 'Dyk*¾dKvfuawmY usKyfwdkY*dkPf;&JY quf&uftzGJYacgif;aqmif csefusif;zefyJ}} ayauG;csdK ,if;odkY vli,fESpfa,mufESifY usef;acR;qef;wdkY oHk;OD;udk rdwfqufay;&mwGif bm*kPfrQ azmfusL;Ncif; r&dSbJ omref emrnfudkom aNymNy rdwfqufvkduf\/ þonfrSm usef;acR;qef;udk olESifY vGefpGm &ifESD;aomoltNzpf oabmxm;vdkufNcif;yif Nzpfyg\/ csifwl;wl;u vGefpGmoabmusae\/ usef;acR;qef;tm; wpfcsufwpfcsuf 0ifYí0ifYí BunfYvdkufaom tBunfYwGif arwåma&mifrsm; &Tef;a0ae\/ cGef;vGef*dkPf;rS "m;orm; aumif;usufcsefrSm pdwfBuD;olNzpf\/ olu csifwl;wl;tm; ai;armvsuf BunfYaepOf csifwl;wl;u usef;acR;qef;bufokdY vSnfYí pdkufBunfYvsuf &dSonfudkNrifaomf tvdkvdk uRJNrD;wdkoGm;onf/ 108
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]0kef; . . . csvGrf}} xdktcdkuf toHESpfcsuf Bum;vdkuf&NyD;vQif olwdkYESpfOD;pvHk; xdkifcHkusdK;í aNrBuD;ay: ûywfusoGm;onfudk tm;vHk; tHYBopGmNzifY awGYvkduf&av\/ okdYaomf olwdkYESpfOD;rSmvnf; xdyfoD; odkif;orm;rsm;Nzpfí aNrBuD;ESifY ausmNyifrxdrD vufNzifY aNrBuD;udkaxmufum wGef;í vl;vJ xEdkifvdkufav\/ odkYaomf . . . ]]0g; [m; [m; [m;}} ]][m; [m; [m;}} usef0ikd ;f rsm;rS y&dowfrsm;u olwYkd \ yHyk sufyef;ysuf NzpfomG ;yHu k kd BunfYí w[m;[m;ESiYf &,farmBuav\/ aumif;usufcsefwdkY rsufESmrxm;wwfatmif t&SufBuD; &SufoGm;\/ pdwfxJrSvnf; aumif;pGm odvdkuf\/ trSefrl ayauG;csdKonf olwdkYxdkif&ef cHkrsm;udk vufNzifY zkefokwfay;ovdkESifY twGif;tm;NzifY xdkifcHkudk usdK;vkvkeD;yg;Nzpfatmif ydyd&d&d vkyfxm;Ncif;yif Nzpfyg\/ þvkd Nyif;xefNyD; tm;ygvSaom twGif;tm; odkif;ynmrsdK;udk olwdkY b,fodkYrQ r,SOfûydifEdkif/ ,cifurl aumif;usufcsefonf rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;udk 'kp&dkufrI usL;vGefaeaom omref aNratmuf*dkPf;wpf*dkPf;tNzpfom txifao;pGm em;vnf xm;cJY\/ xdkYaBumifYvnf; olwdkY *dkPf;wl nDtpfudkESpfOD;rSm þ0rfzefuRef;odkY vkdufvmNyD; vlpGmvkyfaeNcif;yif Nzpfyg\/ ,ckrl txifESifYtNrif vGefpGm uGmNcm;vSonfudk awGY&aomf rarmfBuGm;&JbJ rsufpdysuf rsufESmysuf NzpfoGm;Buav\/ xdkpOf ayauG;csdKu at;pufpGmNzifY . . . ]]cGef;vGef*dkPf;u odkif;ynmrSm NrifYrm;w,fqdkwmudk BuGa&mufvmBuwJY {nfYy&dowf tm;vHk;vJ odxm;Buygw,f? 'Dvdk odxm;vsufeJY xdkifcHkESpfckudk ,lNyD; tckvdk tpGrf;xyfNyzdkY roifYygbl;? 'Dvkd xdkifcHkawG usdK;atmifxdkifEdkifwJY okdif;ynmrsdK;avmufuawmY 'DvlawGtm;vHk; xrif;pm;a&aomuf oabmavmufom xm;Buygw,f}} ayauG;csdKu pum;udk acwå&yfNyD; olYtzGJYom;rsm;bufodkY rsufESmrlí . . . ]]uJ . . . rif;wdkYvJ [dkvlpGrf;aumif;awGvdk xdkifcHkusdK;atmif xdkifNyoGm;ovdk xdkifNyvdkufprf;}}[k trdefYay;vdkuf&m ayauG;csdK\ tzGJYom;rsm; xdkifae&m 0dkif;qDrS xdkifcHkusdK;oH waNzmif;aNzmif; qufwdkufyif Bum;vdkuf&avawmY\/ odkYaomf olYtzGJYom;rsm;onf xdkifcHkrsm;usdK;atmif wu,fxdkifNyvdkufaomfvnf; udk,fudk xdef;xm;oNzifY aumif;usufcsefwdkYuJYokdY aNrBuD;ay: yHkysufyef;ysuf usoGm;Ncif; tvsOf;r&dSbJ ûyH;NzD;NzD; trlt&mNzifY [efrysufyif rwfwwf&yfvsuf taetxm; NzpfaeBuav\/ xdktcg {nfYy&dowfrsm;u vlwGifus,fvkyfvGef;aom aumif;usufcsefwdkY ESpfOD;udk ayauG;csdKu wrift&SufcGJaeaBumif; odaomf ratmifYtnf;EdkifawmYbJ 0g;vHk;uGJ&,farmvdkufBuNyefav\/ &,farmrI rqHk;rD aemufxyf rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;om; ESpfa,mufonf BuD;rm;aom ausmufwHk;wpfwHk;pD r,lvmNyD; txl;oD;oefY {nfYonfawmf0dkif;qDodkY avQmufoGm;av\/ xdkYaemuf ckHusdK;ESpfckudk ab;okdY uefxkwfvdkufNyD; . . . ]][k w f u J Y ? a[m'D xd k i f c H k E S p f v H k ; u cif A sm;wd k Y & J Y tav;csd e f u d k rcH E d k i f v d k Y usd K ;usoG m ;NyD q d k a wmY 'DausmufwHk;ay:rSmyJ xdkifvkdufBuaygYAsm}}[k qdkav\/ trSefrl þol ESpfOD;rSm rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;wGif vGefpGmemrnfBuD;aom vl oefBuD;ESpfa,muf Nzpfyg\/ xdkvlESpfa,muf\ odkif;ynmrSm tqifYr&SdvSaomfvnf; olwdkYESpfa,muf\ vufarmif;tm;rSmrl arG;uwnf;u vGefpGm BuD;rm;\/ ,ck olwdkYonf pum;tqHk;wGif aumif;usufcsefwdkYxHodkY BuD;rm;aom ausmufwHk;ESpfwHk;udk ypfay;NyD; zrf;,lap&ef ûyvkdufav\/ aumif;usufcsefwdkYESpfOD;rSm "m;odkif;orm;rsm;omNzpfí "m;twwfynmwGifom aumif;\/ ,ckrl tvGeaf v;vHBuD;rm;aom ausmufw;kH ESpw f ;kH udk zrf;&rnfqakd omf b,fenf;ESiYf rQ rwwfprG ;f Edik af cs/ xdkYaBumifY aumif;usufcsefu aBumufvefYwBuD;NzifY . . . ]]r . . . rypfeJY? atmufudk Nyef . . . Nyefcsvdkufyg}}[k atmfaNymav\/ odkYaomf vl oefESpfa,mufu ]]a[;}}[k ûydifwlatmfí ausmufwHk;BuD;udk OD;acgif;xufodkY r wifvdkufNyD; aumif;usufcsefwdkY ESpfOD;xH ypfvTwf&ef [efNyifvkduf\/
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ayauG;csdKu oabmraygufoNzifY . . . ]]NcaoFY [kwfvm;}} xdki,fom;u acgif;udk êud;pm;cg,rf;NyD; . . . ]]r[kwfbl;? vl . . . vlwpfa,muf? 'dNyifvlawG wpfa,mufrusef towfcHvdkuf&NyD? avSawGvJ wpfpif;rusef NrSKyfypfcHvkduf&NyD}} xdki,fom;u pum;tqHk;wGif vJusaoqHk;oGm;av\/ ayauG;csdKu pdwfrcsrf;rom Nzpf&kHru a'govnf; xGufoGm;\/ ]]ig oGm;BunfYr,f csefusif;zef}} ]]igvJ vdkufr,fav}} ]]rvdkufeJYuGm? rif; 'DrSmyJaeNyD; rrav;udk apmifYa&Smuf&pfyg}}[k NyefaNymav\/ trSefrl ayauG;csdKonf a&TNcaoFYrif;qdkol\ odkif;ynmrSm vGefpGm NrifYrm;vSaBumif;od\/ xkdYaBumifY ta&;taBumif;ay:aygufvmaomf csifwl;wl;tm; umuG,f apmifYa&Smuf&ef csefusif;zeftm; aNymvdkufNcif;yif Nzpfyg\/ xkdodkY aNymírS rqHk;rDrSmyif vlwpfa,muf\ acsmif;[efYoHudk Bum;vdkuf&\/ wpfqufwnf;wGif . . . ]]oGm;zdkY rvkdawmYygbl;? usKyf a&TNcaoFYrif;u 'DrSm a&mufaeygNyD}}[laom pum;oHudkyg Bum;vdkuf&\/ tm;vH k ; &if w k e f o G m ;BuNyD ; eH a b;ywf v nf o d k Y tavmwBuD ; Bunf Y vd k u f r d B u\/ xd k t cg ]][l ; }}ceJ avwdk;oHNyif;Nyif;wpfcsuf Bum;vdkuf&onfESifY wpfûydufeuf ausmufaqmifwpfck\ aemufuG,frS vlwpfa,muf ckefxGufvmonfudkyg awGYvkduf&yg\/ xkv d u l Nkd rifBuaomf tm;vH;k tvGew f ek v f yI af csmufcsm;oGm;Bu\/ csifw;l wl;vnf; txdww f vefYNzifY tm;ceJ wpfcsufatmf&if; usef;acR;qef;tm; zufrwwf yl;uyfaevkdufrd\/ rS e f o nf / wk e f v I y f a csmuf c sm;rnf q d k u wk e f v I y f a csmuf c sm;zG , f & myif Nzpf y g\/ xd k v l r S m udk,fvHk;BuD;rm;wkwfcdkif&kHomru omrefvlxuf wpfaycefY ydkíNrifYrm;\/ ycHk;us,fNyD; acgif;rS qHyifrsm;vnf; teufa&miftpm; a&Ta&mifNzpfvsuf ycHk;xdatmif Nzmusae\/ rsufvHk;tpHkrSm pdrf;zefYzefYESifY ta&mifwzdwfzdwf awmufaeav\/ vufxw J iG rf l ckepfaycefY&n S af om wkwBf uD;wpfacsmif;udk udik x f m;\/ wkwBf uD;\ ESpzf ufpeG ;f wGirf l oHql;BuD;rsm;NzifY NynfYESufae\/ usef;acR;qef;rSm xdk vlxGm;BuD;udk BunfYNyD; . . . ]]a&TNcaoFYrif;? tif; . . . 'Demrnfu olYacgif;ay:u a&Ta&mifqHyifudk trSwfonmûyNyD; ac:wJYemrnfyJ Nzpf&r,f? olu b,folvJ? q&maNymzl;wJY emrnfawGxJrSm 'DemrnfwpfcgrS rBum;zl;ygbl;}}[k pdwfxJrS awG;awmaerdav\/ vlxGm;êudif;BuD; odkYr[kwf a&TNcaoFYrif;rSm wpfudk,fvHk;yif wd&pämefom;a&NzifY csKyfxm;aom t0wfudk 0wfxm;\/ odkif;orm; {nfYonftm;vHk;onf ol\ cHYnm;aom vGefpGmvnf; aBumufrufzG,faumif;aom [efyeftrlt&mudk Nrifaomf pum;yif raNym0HYBuawmY/ tm;vHk; qdwfNidrfvsuf &dSaeBu\/ ayauG;csdKurl tm;wif;vsuf a&SYwpfvSrf;wdk;NyD; . . . ]]q&mBuD;&JY emrnfudk rod&bl;vm;}} ]]usKyfemrnfu &SufpGef;yg? tNyifemrnfuawmY a&TNcaoFYrif;wJY}} usef;acR;qef;ESifY csifwl;wl;vnf; wpfa,mufudk wpfa,mufBunfYvdkufrdBu\/ olwdkYawG\ pdwfxJwGif... ]]'DvlBuD;&JY [efyefuom aBumufp&maumif;ayr,fY pum;aNymawmY ,Of,Ofaus;aus;ygyJvm;}}[k awG;aerd\/ ayauG;csdKvnf; usef;acR;qef;wdkYuJYokdYyif oabmaygufum tm;wufvmav\/ ]]aBomf . . . q&mBuD; &SufpGef;udk;? q&mBuD;u bmudpö bmtaBumif;rsm;&dSvdkY 'DuRef;udk a&mufvm&wmvJ cifAsm}} &SufpGef;u wpfcsufûyH;vkduf\/ odkYûyH;pOf NzLazG;orQ ta&mifvufvuf xoGm;aom oGm;wef;rsm; ay:vm\/ olu ayauG;csdK\ tar;udk raNz/ ar;cGef;om ar;vdkuf\/ 120
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]rif;wkdYuaum bmudpö 'Dudk vmBu&wmvJ}} ayauG;csdKu b,fokdY paNz&rSef;rodatmif NzpfoGm;\/ pdwfxJwGifrl . . . ]]'Dudpöudk 'DvlYudk zHk;uG,fxm;vdkY&rSm r[kwfbl;? 'gayr,fY 'Dvl&JY odkif;ynmu b,favmufyJawmfaeae olu wpfa,mufwnf;yJ? igeJY csefusif;zef aygif;NyD;wdkufcdkuf&if? NyD;awmY aemufNyD; usef;acR;qef;&,f? rrav;&,f 0iful&if 'DvlYudk &Sif;ypfEdkifrSm aocsmw,f}}[k awG;vdkufrd\/ odkYNzifY ayauG;csdKu tm;wufvmaomtoHNzifY... ]]usKyf w k d Y rsuf c H k ; NzL*d k P f ; u tck w avm "m;aumif ; wpf v uf &xm;ygw,f ? tJ ' D " m;ud k tck odkif;avmurdwfaqGawGudk zdwfac:NyD; "m;NyyGJusif;yaewmyg}} &S u f p G e f ; u tif ; rvk y f tJ r vk y f cyf w nf w nf y if a eNyD ; Nruf c if ; Nyif tv,f A [d k & d S rD ; zd k B uD ; ud k vSrf;BunfYvkduf\/ rD;[kef;[kef; awmufaeonfY Bum;wGif "m;wpfvufudk awGY&\/ xkd"m;onf ,ckwdkif rysufpD;r,dk,Gif;bJ &dSonfudkNrifaomf trSefyif "m;aumif;wpfvufrSef; odoGm;\/ odkYESifYolu rD;zdkBuD;qDodkY aNcvSrf;usJNzifY avQmufoGm;avonf/ csefusif;zefonf &SufpGef;\ vIyf&Sm;rIudk rsufNcnfrysuf BunfYae&mrS &SufpGef;u rD;zdkay:rS e*g;Edkif"m;udk ,l&ef vufvSrf;vkdufonfudk Nrifaomf us,favmifaom toHNzifY . . . ]]&yfvkduf}}[k atmfvkdufav\/ &SufpGef;u aemufodkY vSnfYBunfYNyD; ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]bmvkyfzdkYvJ}}[k wnfNidrfpGm ar;vdkuf\/ csefusif;zefu toHudkNrSifYí . . . ]]'D"m;u usKyfwdkY rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;&JY "m;yg? cifAsm; BunfYcsif&ifvJ ta0;uaeyJ BunfYyg? rudkifygeJY}}[k wm;Nrpfvdkuf\/ &SufpGef;u oa&mfûyH; ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]aeygOD;uG? 'D"m;udk rif;wdkYudk,fwkdif oGef;vkyfwmvm;? 'grSr[kwf rif;wdkY 0,fxm;wmvm;}} csefusif;zef taNz&Smr&rD &SufpGef;uyif pum;qufNyef\/ ]]rif;wkdYu 'D"m;udk rif;wdkY*dkPf;&JY"m;vkdY bmvdkYaNym0HY&wmvJuG? 'D"m;[m rif;wdkY olrsm;vufxJuvkvmwJY "m;? iguvJ tck rif;wdkYvufxJuae Nyefvkw,fuGm? uJ . . . 'DawmY bJpm;bJacs NzpfoGm;a&maygY? 'DawmYuGm 'D"m;udk ig BunfYcsifovdk BunfYvkdY&w,f? vkyfcsifovdk vkyfvkdY&w,f? igYoabmyJaygY}} &SufpGef;u aNymNyD;onfESifY rD;zdkbufodkY zswfceJ vSnfYí "m;udk vSrf;,lvkdufonf/ xdktcdkuf csefusif;zefu olYcg;wGif csnfxm;aom oHvHk;ysHudk ûzwfvdkufNyD;vQif atmfaNymav\/ ]]rdwfaqG cifAsm;vufudk ckcsufcsif; Nyef&kyfvkdufyg? Nyefr&kyf&ifawmY usKyfu rvTJra&Smifom cifAsm;udk wkdufcdkuf&vdrfYr,f}} olu ,if;okdY atmfaNymonfESifYtwl oHvHk;ysHudkyg0SD;ceJ ypfvTwfvdkuf&m &SufpGef;\ aemufausmqDodkY wef;rwfpGm vGifYaNy;oGm;avawmY\/ odkYaomf &SufpGef;urrI/ xdkYNyif csefusif;zef\ udk,fu wpfcsuf ,dkifoGm;NyD;vQif &kwfw&uf aoG;rsm;tefum vJus aoqHk;oGm;avawmY\/ taBumif;rl &Supf eG ;f \ twGi;f tm;u olYoq H ;l wkwBf uD;rSwpfqifY oHv;kH xJoYdk a&mufomG ;NyD; csefusif;zeftm; wpfqifY wkdufckdufvdkufaomaBumifY Nzpfyg\/
121
rmwdum tcef; (13) tcef; (14) tcef; (15) tcef; (16) tcef; (17) tcef; (18) tcef; (19) tcef; (20) tcef; (21) tcef; (22) tcef; (23) tcef; (24) tcef; (25) tcef; (26) tcef; (27) tcef; (2*)
a&TjcaoFhrif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 a&cJrD;awmif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 yifv,frkefwkdif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 ajrmuf0if½dk;pGef; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 rD;awmifarsmufBuD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 ajrjyefhokdh tjyef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 twdwf\ a0'em t&dyfrsm; . . . . . . . . . . 180 ausmufaumif;ukd aoG;NyD . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 opömESifh &efaBuG; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 ESpfwpf&m arG;aeh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 [lwef;awmifay: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 [lwef;ckESpfazmf jyefqHkNyD . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 [lwef;awmifxdyfay:0,f . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 arG;aeh {nfhonfrsm; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 pdefac:yGJBuD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 a&cJvuf0g; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef; (13) a&TNcaoFYrif; csefusif;zefonf a0vig;*dkPf;\ avSBuD;udk wdkufcdkufpOfu tb,frQ tm;rmefaumif;aomfvnf; ,ckrl &SufpGef;\ odkif;uGuf wpfcsufwnf;ESifY toufxGufoGm;&NyD Nzpfyg\/ xdktcg quf&uftzGJYom; ig;a,muf &kwfw&ufckefxGufvmNyD; ESpfa,mufu csefusif;zef\ tavmif;ukd ayGYxlvkduf\/ usefoHk;a,mufurl vufeufudk,fpD qGJxkwfvkdufNyD; &SufpGef;tm; wkdufcdkufav\/ &SufpGef;u olwYkd ukd BunfYNyD; ûyH;aevdu k \ f / wpfcsdew f nf;wGiyf if nmbufvufrS udik x f m;aom oHq;l wkwBf uD;NzifY rD;zdak tmufrS vQdKí txufokdY vSefwifvkdufonf/ xdktcg {&mrrD;zdkBuD;onf aNrmufwufoGm;NyD; &SufpGef;udk wdkufcdkufvmaom quf&uf*dkPf;om;oHk;a,mufudk vSdrfYí owfypfvdkufNyD;Nzpfovdk quf&uftzGJYom; ESpfa,mufudkyg vSdrfYí owfvkdufavawmY\/ usefvltm;vHk;rSm xdkNrifuGif;aBumifY wpfudk,fvHk; at;pufoGm;\/ usef;acR;qef;rSm . . . ]]ig toufrBuD;ayr,fY odkif;avmurSm&dSwJY xdyfwef; odkif;orm;awGeJY êuHawGYcJY&aygif; renf;awmYygbl;? 'DvlxGm; &SufpGef;BuD;vdk tm;tvGefoefNyD; aBumufp&m aumif;wJY odkif;orm;rsm;awmY rawGYcJYzl;ygbl;}}[k pdwfxJrS awG;aerd\/ qufívnf; . . . ]]ig 'DvlYudk b,fvkdenf;eJYrS wkdufcdkufvdkY rEdkifEdkifbl;? tpfudkBuD; tpfudkESpfvJ olYudk EdkifrSmr[kwfbl;? tdk ... igwdkY [lwef;ckepfazmfu 0dkif;0ef;NyD;olYudk wdkufcdkuf&ifawmif EdkifrSm r[kwfbl;? 'Dodkif;avmurSm igwdkY q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef; udk,fwdkif awmifay:uqif;NyD; wdkufcdkufrSyJ EdkifEdkifr,f}}[k awG;rdNyef\/ xdktcsdefwGif &SufpGef;u e*g;Edkif"m;udk ,lí vufacsmif;NzifY wpfcsuf awmufvkduf\/ "m;udk,fxnfrS xGufvmaom toHu oHtoHvnf;r[kwf/ opfom;oHvnf;r[kwf/ bmoHrSef;rodaom toHwpfrsdK; xGufvdkYvm\/ &SufpGef;u xkdtoHudk em;pdkufaxmifvkdufNyD;aemuf acgif;wndwfndwfNzifY . . . ]]aumif;w,f? odyfudkaumif;w,f? 'grS wu,fY "m;aumif;}} [k csD;rGrf;aeav\/ NyD;vQif olu acgif;armYBunfYvkduf&m ayauG;csdK\ eHab;&dS cHkay:wGif "m;tdrftm; csxm;onfudk awGYvkdufoNzifY . . . 122
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]"m;tdrfu 'De*g;Edkif"m;&JY "m;tdrfyJr[kwfvm;? ,lvmcJYprf;yg}}[k ayauG;csdKtm; aNymvdkuf\/ ayauG;csdKu rvIyrf ,Suf xkid v f suf aeav\/ taBumif;rl olu þokYd awG;rd\/ ]]þvdk taNctaersdK;wGif ol b,fenf;ESifYrQ touf&SifcGifY &Edkifrnfr[kwf? tu,fí "m;tdrfudk ay;vdkufvQifvJ odu©mus&kHrSwpfyg; tusdK;rxl;}} [k awG;rdavonf/ xdkYaBumifYolu . . . ]]cifAsm; usKyfudk owfcsifowfyg? "m;tdrfudkawmY b,fenf;eJYrS ray;Edkifbl;? 'DrSm &SufpGef;? usKyfu owådaBumifwJY vlpm;rsdK;awmYr[kwfbl;As}} [k NyefaNymav\/ &SufpGef;u ceJYûyH; ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]aBomf cifAsm;u wu,fYowådcJygyJvm;? rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;xJrSm vlawmfawG &dSom;yJudk;}}[k NyefaNymNyD; &kwfw&uf vufxJrS "m;udk ayauG;csdKxH ypfaygufvdkufav\/ ayauG;csdKu &kwfw&uf wkd;0ifvmaom "m;udk vufNzifYrzrf;&JbJ eHab;odkY a&Smifwdrf;vdkuf\/ odkY&mwGif xl;qef;aomNrifuGif;u ay:vmyg\/ xdktcg &SufpGef;u "m;udk tomt,m zrf;,lNyD;cg;Bum;xJ xdk;xnfYvdkufav\/ xdkNrifuGif;udk rsuf0g;xifxif awGYvkduf&aom odkif;orm; y&dowftm;vHk;rSm thHBovGef;oNzifY yg;pyfta[mif;om; NzpfoGm;Buavonf/ &SufpGef;onf "m;udk cg;Bum;xJ xkd;xnfYvdkufNyD; ab;ywfvnf&dS odkif;orm;rsm;udk wpfa,mufcsif; BunfYvdkufNyD;rS . . . ]]ig 'D"m;udk ,lvdkufwmeJYywfoufNyD; rif;wdkY bmaNymcsifBuao;vJ}} &SufpGef;u xdkar;cGef;udk tm;vHk;Bum;atmif ESpfBudrfwdkifwdkif ar;vdkufaomfvnf; rnfolrQ EIwfwHkYNyefNcif; r&dSacs/odkY&mwGif &kwfw&uf [kdifqm;*dkPf;rS vlwpfa,mufxí . . . ]]q&mBuD;&JY *kPfowif;[m odkif;avmurSm tvGefausmfBum;aewmyJ? 'D"m;udkvJ q&mBuD;yJ &xdkufygw,f? uRefawmfwdkYtm;vHk; oabmwlygw,f}}[k qdkav\/ &SufpGef;u [kdifqm;*dkPf;om;tm; &Tef;awmufaom tBunfYNzifY BunfYvdkuf\/ ]]a[Y . . . rif;u [dkifqm;*dkPf;&JY acgif;aqmif uG,fayg xifw,f? [kwfvm;}} ]][kwfygw,f? q&mBuD;}} xd k v l u rd r d \ emrnf u d k &S u f p G e f ; uJ Y o k d Y od k i f ; tausmf t armf u od o nf [ k od & aomf vG e f p G m tm;wufoGm;av\/ xdkpOf &SufpGef;u . . . ]]aeprf;ygOD;? rif;u igY*kPfowif;udk aumif;aumif;BuD; Bum;zl;w,fqdkawmY igu odkif;avmurSm bmaumif;rIawGrsm; ûycJYovJ? aNymprf;ygOD;uG}} ]]'g . . . 'gawmY . . .}} uG,faygrSm txpftaigY NzpfoGm;\/ trSefvnf; &SufpGef;taBumif;udk ol odonfr[kwfay/ &SufpGef;u oa&mfûyH;wpfcsufûyH;vsuf . . . ]]'DrSm? NzD;wmzsef;wm ig rêudufbl;? igYtaBumif;udk rif; bmwpfckrS odwmr[kwfbJeJY bmvdkY odovkdvdk aNym&wmvJuG? 'DawmY igaNymr,f? rif; em;axmif? a[m'D "m;udk yxrOD;qHk; rif;wdkY [dkifqm;*dkPf;u &vkdufw,f? aemufawmY csefayawmifu tbdk;BuD;oHk;a,mufu Nzwfvkw,f? aemufawmYum [lwef;*dkPf;u &Dwdkuf&Tif&JY vufxJudk a&mufoGm;w,f}} usef;acR;qef;onf wpfcsdefvHk; NidrfoufpGm tuJcwfae&mrS xdkpum;udkBum;aomf &ifckefrdoGm;\/ ]]vufpowfawmY tpfudkoHk;[m wu,fyJ 'De*g;Edkif"m;eJY ywfoufcJYwmudk;}}[kvnf; awG;vkdufrd\/ xdkpOf &SufpGef;u pum;qufaeNyef\/ ]]rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;u ÓPfeDÓPfeufoHk;NyD; &Dwdkuf&Tif&JY vufxJu vk,loGm;w,f? a[; . . . a[; . . . a[;? rif;wkdY [dkifqm;*dkPf;u 'D"m;udkrS r&EdkifawmYwJYaemufawmY ig,lwmudk oabmwl&awmYrSmaygYuGm? 'DrSm uG,fayg? rif;vkd taNctaeBunfYNyD;rS tacsmifvdkufzm;aewJY vlrsdK;udk ig trkef;qHk;yJuG? uJ . . . rwfwwf&yfNyD; igYqD xGufvmcJYprf;? xGufcJYprf;}} 123
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; uG,faygrSm &SufpGef;\ Nyif;xefaom avoHudk rvGefqef0HYbJ acgif;av;iHkYum avQmufxGufvm\/ olYwpfudk,fvHk;vnf; aBumuf&GYHpdwfNzifY wkef,ifaeonf/ usef;acR;qef;rl apmapmpOfu pum;wpfcGef;udkom xyfwvJvJ Bum;a,mifae\/ ]]rsufcHk;NzL*dkPf;u ÓPfeDÓPfeufokH;NyD; &Dwdkuf&TifvufxJuae vk,lw,f}} usef ; acR;qef ; u csif w l ; wl ; tm; pd r f ; pd r f ; pl ; pl ; Bunf Y v d k u f \ / csif w l ; wl ; \ rsuf E S m rS m vnf ; xdkpum;aBumifYyifavm raNymwwf NzLa&mfvsuf&dS\/ &SufpGef;u pum;qufNyef\/ ]]rif;wdkY [dkifqm;*dkPf;&JY odkif;ynmu bmrS toHk;uswmr[kwfygbl;? rif;wdkYu tqdyfawGeJYyJ vlawGudk vkyBf uHowfNzwfaewJY wu,fY 'kp½du k *f P kd ;f yJu?G 'DrmS uG,af yg? rESpw f ek ;f u rif;wdYk &Dxekd ,fu olaX;BuD; use;f wif;&JY rdom;pkwpfckvHk;udk tqdyfcwfowfNyD; a&T? aiG? OpömawGudk t"r®vl,lcJYBuw,f r[kwfvm;uG [if}} uG,faygrSm vGefrif;pGm xdwfvefYoGm;\/ trSefrl þudpöudk olwdkY*dkPf;rS vQdKY0Sufxm;aomudpö Nzpf\/ ,ck &SufpGef;u vlyHktv,fwGif azmfxkwfNyaeNyD/ ol b,fenf;b,fyHk odygoenf;/ uG,fayg &GYHaBumufpGm awG;aepOfyif &SufpGef;u us,favmifaomtoHNzifY trdefYay;av\/ ]][dwf uG,fayg? rif;wynfYukd tqdyfqm;ESpfcGuf,lvmcdkif;cJYprf;? rif;wdkY*dkPf;&JY tqdyfqm;u b,favmufrsm; tqdyfNyif;ovJqdkwm ig vufawGYprf;oyfBunfYrvkdY}} uG,faygu olYwynfYwpfa,muftm; tqdyfqm;ESpfcGuf ,lckdif;vdkuf&\/ &SufpGef;onf tqdyfqm; ESpfcGufudk udkifí ESmacgif;NzifY &SLBunfYvdkuf\/ NyD;aemuf &kwfw&uf wpfcGufudkarmYí olYyg;pyfxJodkY tqdyfqm;udk oGefxnfYNyD; tm;yg;w& 0g;pm;vdkufav\/ NyD;vQif . . . ]]igwdkYESpfa,muf wpfa,mufwpfcGufpD pm;Bu&r,f? uJ rif;tvSnfYyJ}}[k qdk\/ uG,faygrSm 0rf;vnf;om? aBumufvnf; aBumufaom cHpm;csufESpfrsdK; wpfûydifwnf;cHpm;vkduf&\/ taBumif;rl &SufpGef;u olYbmomol tqdyfqm;udk aomufcsvdkufonfudk Nrif&í 0rf;omrdNcif;yif Nzpf\/ olwdkY\ tqdyfqm;u vGefpGm tqdyfNyif;\/ ûrdcs&efrqdkxm;ESifY ta&Nym;uav;NzifY xd&kHESifYyif tqdyw f ufí aoEdik af om tqdyrf sKd ;Nzpfay&m &Supf eG ;f uJYoYdk 0rf;Adu k t f a&muf aomufrsKd csaomf raobJ cHEikd t f YH avm[k awG;rdNyD; 0rf;omrdNcif;yJ Nzpf\/ aBumuf&GHYaom taBumif;url . . . &SufpGef;onf oludk,fwdkif vlyHktv,fwGif tqdyfudk aomuf&kHNzifY rNyD;ao;bJ rdrdudkyg aoazmfñdSovkd tqdyfqm;rsdKckdif;aeaomaBumifY Nzpfyg\/ xkdYaBumifY olu taBumuftuef Niif;rnf[k EIwfcrf;udk [vkdufrnf ûypOfrSmyif &SufpGef;u olYudk,fudk qwfceJ qGJ,lvkdufNyD; *RwfceJolYyg;&dk;udk ûzwfcsvdkuf\/ NyD; yg;pyfudk NyefrydwfEdkifatmif vkyfvkdufNyD;vQif tqdyfqm;udk uG,fayg\ yg;pyfxJodkY oGefcsavonf/ tcsdefcPi,f twGif;rSmyif tqdyfqm; wpfcGufvHk;onf uG,fayg\ AdkufxJokdY 0ifa&mufoGm;awmY\/ xdktcsdefrSmyif &SufpGef;onf uG,fayg\ yg;&dk;udk NyefapYay;vkduf\/ &SufpGef;wpfa,muf þodkY þES,f uG,faygtm; tqdyfqm;udk twif;yg;pyfNzJí rsdKcscdkif;Ncif;twGuf odkif;orm;rsm; rnfodkYrQ rcHpm;&onfYtNyif auseyf0rf;omíyif NzpfaeBu\/ tb,fYaBumifYrl . . . &Dxdke,frS olaX;BuD; usef;wif;rSm vGefpGm oabmouúm, aumif;olNzpfNyD; xdke,fwpf0dkuf&Sd qif;&JEGrf;yg;olrsm;\ u,fwif&Sifvnf; Nzpf\/ odkY&mwGif usef;wif;onf touf&Snf&Snf rae&&kHru olYrdom;pk wpfckvHk;yg ukefvGefcJYaomESpfu &ufpufpGm towfcHvdkuf&\/ odkYaomf rnfolrnf0g owfoGm;rSef; rnfolrQ rodBu/ xdkYaBumifY xdke,fwaBum&dS qif;&Jcsrf;omvltrsm;u usef;wif;ESifYwuG olYrdom;pktwGufyg &ifxkrem NzpfcJY&av\/ ,ck r l usef ; xif ; ES i f Y wuG ol Y rd o m;pk u d k y g wpf a ,muf r usef owf o G m ;aom ol r sm;rS m [dkifqm;*dkPf;rSNzpfaBumif; odBuNyDNzpf&m [kdifqm;*dkPf;\ acgif;aqmifNzpfol uG,faygtm; ,ckuJYodkY &SufpGef;u uvJYpm;acsaomtm;NzifY tqdyfqm;rsdKcscdkif;onfudk Nrif&í auseyf0rf;omBuNcif;yif Nzpfyg\/ 124
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdktcg a0vig;*dkPf;om;rsm;onf ai;armBunfYaepOfNzpf&m tqdyfqm;t&ufrsm; olwdkYacgif;ay: usa&mufvsufpdk&TJukefavawmY\/ tqdyft&uf\ teHYrSm vGefpGm cH&cufaom teHYrsdK;Nzpf\/ xkdteHYudk trIrJY &SL&dSKufrd&kHavmufESifYyif atmYtef a p\/ a0vig; *d k P f ; om;rsm;vnf ; csuf c sif ; yif rl ; armf v suf wa0gYa0gY watYatYNzif Y atmYtefvsuf&SdaeBuav\/ a0vig;*dkPf;rS *dkPf;acgif;aqmif rdkufusif;onf olY*dkPf;om;rsm; tapmfum;cH&onfudk Nrifaomf xkdif&mrS qwfceJ rwfwwf x&yf\/ okdYaomf bmpOf;pm;rdonf rod csufcsif; NyefxdkifcsvkdufNyef\/ &SufpGef;u *emrNidrf Nzpfaeaom a0vig;*dkPf;acgif;aqmif rdkufusif;udk BunfY&if; . . . ]][dwf rdkufusif;? 'DESpf ig;vydkif;rSm rif;OD;aqmifwJYtzGJYu [ifukef;Nrpf0rSm ta&SYyifv,fudkoGm;wJY avSBuD;wpfpif;udk vk,ufcJYw,f r[kwfvm;}} [k ar;av\/ rdkufusif;rsufESm csufcsif;ysufoGm;\/ txpftaigYNzifYvnf; . . . ]][kwf . . . [kwfygw,f cifAsm}} ]]aumif;NyD rdkufusif;? rif;wdkYu yifv,f"m;NytvkyfeJY toufarG;0rf;ausmif; ûyaewJY taumifawGqdkawmY "m;Nywdkufrvk,uf&&if b,fvdk touf&Sif aexdkifEdkifrSmvJuG? 'gudk igu tNypfrwifygbl;? 'gayr,fY . . .}} ]]bm . . . bm 'gayr,fYvJ cifAsm}} ]]wdwfaeprf; rdkufusif;? ig pum;aNymaew,f? NzwfaNymwmwdkY? pum;Ekdifvkovdk NzwfaNymwmwkdYudk vHk;0 rvkyfygeJY}} ]][kwf . . . [kwfuJY cifAs}} ]]'gayr,fY rif;wkdYu ypönf;Opömwif vk,uf,liif&kH rauseyfao;bJ tJ'D avSBuD;ay:rSmygwJY tNypfrJYwJY ukefonfESpfq,fausmfudkyg yifv,fxJ ypfcsNyD; tm;EGJYwJY rdef;uav;q,fa,mufudkvJyJ toufqHk;wJYtxd t"r® ûyusiYf cYJ w,f? tJ'D tûytrl[m igwdYk okid ;f avmu wpfcv k ;kH udk tk;kd rJow k v f u dk w f YJ tûytrl? wu,fYoidk ;f ynm&Siaf wGukd apmfum;vkdufwJY tûytrluG? 'gudkawmY ig b,fenf;eJYrS cGifYrvTwfEdkifbl;? uJ . . . rif; bmapm'uwufrvJ? wufEdkifw,f rdkufusif;}} rdkufusif; wpfudk,fvHk; usOfceJ cHpm;vkduf&\/ wkef,if wpfaigYaom toHNzifY . . . ]]'g . . . 'guawmY usKyf&JYi,fom;wynfYawG&JY vufcsufyg? usKyf aemufuG,frSmNzpfwJY udpöyg? usKyf vHk;0 rygygbl;Asm}} ]]'DrSm rdkufusif;? rif;[m rif;&JY i,fom;wynfYawG&JY OD;pD;acgif;aqmif r[kwfvm;}} ]][kwf . . . [kwfygw,f cifAsm}} ]][kwf&if rif;&JY i,fom;awG 'Davmuf pnf;rJYurf;rJY 'kp&dkufNypfrIBuD;awG t&rf;uma&m usL;vGefaewmudk rif;vufyu kd Bf unfYaewm[m rif;rSm ydNk yD; tNypfr&dv S m;? 'DrmS rdu k u f si;f ? ig &Si;f &Si;f aNymr,f? rif;wdYk *P kd ;f &JY tûytrl[m igwdYk okid ;f orm;? odik ;f ynm&Sif wpfpv k ;kH &JY odum© udk apmfum;vdu k w f YJ tûytrl? wdYk rsufEmS udk aNcaxmufeYJ uefvu dk w f YJ tûytrlyJuG? 'geJYrsm; rif;eJY rqdkifbl;? rywfoufbl; aNym0HY&atmif rif; r&Sufbl;vm;? rif;[m rif;wdkY*dkPf;&JY acgif;aqmifvm;? acgif;a&Smifvm;? aNzprf;yg}} ]]usKyf acgif;aqmifyg}} ]]at;? acgif;aqmifq&kd if tNypfusp&m&d&S if rif;rSmydNk yD; BuD;BuD;us,u f s,f tNypf&zdYk &dw S ,fqw kd m em;vnfyg? uJ . . . rdkufusif;? bmaNymOD;rvJ}} rdkufusif; bmrSraNymawmY/ aNym&efvnf; taBumif;t&mu olYacgif;ay: yHkusaeNyD/ xdkYaBumifY olvw G v f rf;r&daS wmYreS ;f csufcsif;odNyD; cg;rS "m;udk cRrf;ceJ qGx J w k v f u kd \ f / NyD;vQif olYa0vig;*dP k ;f om;rsm;bufoYkd csmceJ vSnfYí . . . ]]csmpD? csif;qef? [lvdkY rif;wdkYawG [dkaeYu udpörSm ygBuw,f r[kwfvm;a[Y}} pum;vnf;tqHk; olYvufxJrS "m;u oHk;csufrQ vIyf&Sm;oGm;\/ xdktcg i,fom;oHk;a,mufrSm iSufaysmyif ckwfvSJcH&ovdk pum;wpfcGef;rQyif NyefraNymEdkifrD wkef;ceJ vJustoufaysmufoGm;BuawmY\/ &SufpGef;u axmif;ceJ a'goNzpfoGm;\/ 126
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]a[Y . . . rdkufusif;? rif;u tckrS igYa&SYrSm rif;wynfYawGudk aoavmufatmif qHk;rNyaezdkY rvdkygbl;? rif;todu odyfaemufusoGm;NyDuG? t&ifuom 'Dvkd rif;wynfYawGudk xdef;odrf;BuyfrwffcJY&if 'DaeY rif;udk ig vm&SmzdkYawmif rvkdawmYbl;? 'DawmY rif;eJYig wdkwdkNywfNywfyJ &Sif;vdkufBu&atmif? rif;vufxJrSm "m;&dSw,f? rif;[m tqifYNrifY odkif;orm;wpfa,mufvJ Nzpfw,f? 'DawmY rif;&JY pdwfBuKduf odkif;uGuf taumif;qHk;odkif;uGufeJY igYudk wdkufprf;uGm}} rdkufusif; oufNyif; av;yifpGmcsonf/ &SufpGef;vufrS b,fodkYrQ a&Smifwdrf;í r&awmYrSef; ol odNyD/ xdkYaBumifY olaoudk,fao &ifqkdif&efom olqHk;Nzwf&wmY\/ odkY&mwGif olYpdwfêuduf ûyrlEdkifonf[k &SufpGef;u tcGifYta&; ay;xm;ay&m olacgif;xJodkY tawG;wpfck csufcsif; 0ifvmav\/ xdktawG;rSm . . . ]]uRef;ay:rSmomqdk&if ig olYudk b,fenf;eJYrS ,SOfEdkifrSmr[kwfbl;? tJ . . . a&xJrSmqdk&ifawmY igYurÇm? igYpdwfêudufae&myJ? ig olYudk r,SOfEdkifwmawmif udk,fvGwf&kef; aNy;EdkifrSm aocsmw,f}} odkYNzifY ]]q&mBuD; &SufpGef;? usKyf 'Dukef;ay:rSm q&mBuD;eJY ,SOfûydifzdkYxuf a&atmufrSm ,SOfûydifcsifygw,f? 'grSvJ usKyf&JYpdwfBuKduf odkif;uGuf? taumif;qHk; odkif;uGufawGudk oHk;Edkifr,fcifAs}} ]]rif;oabmyJ rdkufusif;? udkif; . . . rif; pdwfBuKdufa&G;NyD;NyDqdk&if yifv,fxJoGm;NyD; ûydifBuwmaygYuGm? uJ . . . vm}} &SufpGef;u pum;tqHk;wGif oHk;vSrf;rQ avQmufxGufvdkufNyD;rS &kwfw&uf aNcvSrf;udk &yfypfvdkuf\/ taBumif;um; &SufpGef;acgif;xJ tawG;wpfck aNy;0ifvmaomaBumifY þodkY a&&Gwfrd\/ ]]rNzpfbl;? rNzpfbl;? tckae ig 'DuxGufoGm;&if 'DxJu vlawGtm;vHk; xGufaNy;oGm;Bur,f}} vlxGm;BuD; &SufpGef;\ a&&GwfoHu trsm;olig omref pum;aNymoHxuf us,favmifay&m tm;vHk; em;NzifYqwfqwf Bum;Bu&av\/ xdt k cg &ifwek Nf cif;? acsmufcsm;Ncif;? ESv;kH rNidrNf cif;? tom;rsm; qwfqwfwek u f m aoG;rsm; at;pufoGm;Ncif;wdkYNzifY vltrsm;onf udk,fYenf;udk,fY[ef udk,fYtwdkif;twmNzifY toD;oD; cHpm;vkdufBu&\/ tm;vHk;vdkvdk\ pdwfxJrSvnf; . . . ]]tif; . . . oluigwdkY xGufaNy;oGm;rSmudk aBumufw,fwJY? 'Dvkdqdk&if 'DrSm&dSwJY vlawGtm;vHk;udk ol owfrvdkYeJYwlw,f}}[k awG;rdBu\/ rdkufusif;u þtcGifYta&;udk ,lum tavmwBuD;qdk\/ ]]q&mBuD; &SufpGef;cifAsm? yifv,fxJoGm;NyD; ûydif&ifvJ usKyf q&mBuD;udk rEdkifEdkifygbl;? 'DawmY usKyf t&IH;ay;ygw,f}} [k c, awmif;yefoHNzifY qdkav\/ &SufpGef;u rdkufusif;udk pl;pl;prf;prf; wpfcsufBunfYNyD; . . . ]]aumif;NyDav? rif; igYudk t&SHK;ay;w,fqkd&if rif; igYa&SYrSmwif rif;udk,frif; BudKuf&menf;eJY owfaoNyayawmY}} ]]Asm}} rdkufusif; ydkí acgif;eyef;BuD;oGm;\/ ezl;NyifrS acR;oD;acR;aygufrsm; 'D;'D;usvm\/ ]]AsmawG bmawG vkyfraeeJY? uJ . . . vkyfp&m&dSvkyfawmYav}} ]]r . . . r[kwfao;ygbl; q&mBuD;&,f? odkif;ynm ûydifwmav;eJY owfao&r,fqdkwm}} ]]a[Y . . . rdkufusif;? rif; wdwfqdkwdwfawmY? 'DrSm rif;rdkYvdkYrpOf;pm;rdw,f? rif;vkdaumifu igYvkdvleJY odkif;ynmcsif;ûydif&atmif tqifYcsif;wlovm; wefovm;uG a[? rif;toufudk awmif;zdkYvmwm? 'DrSm tm;vHk;Bum;atmif wpfcgwnf; aNymvdkufr,f? usKyf &SufpGef;[m wpfzufom;tay: rawmfrw&m; vkyfcJYwJYol rSeforQudk wpfa,mufrS touf&Sifvsufrxm;cJYbl;? tukefvHk; i&Judk Nzwfvrf;u ydkYypfr,f? tJ'gudk odxm;NyD;&if rif;wdYk u rif;wdYk &YJ pdwêf uduf odik ;f ynmeJY igYuw kd u kd cf u kd Ef ikd w f ,f? wu,fvYdk igYukd rif;wdYk Eikd &f if rif;wdYk uo k v kd af ygYumG }} &SufpGef;u rdkufusif;bufokdY tm&HkvTifYvdkufNyef\/ olonf aNrBuD;xJrS &THYap;ESpfwHk;udk EdIuf,lí t&ufNzifYa&mNyD;vQif anmifap;usrQ ap;xdkif;atmif vkyfNyD;aemuf . . .
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]tif; . . . 'DteD;tem;rSm prf;acsmif;wkdY a&wHcGefwdkY&dS&if odyfaumif;rSmyJaemf? yifv,fa&uawmY &dSyg&JY? cyfzdkY a&yHk;r&dSawmY cufw,f tpfudk}} ]]tpfudk tBuH&NyD}} usef;acR;qef;u xkdodkYaNymNyD; uRef;BuD;\ tpGef;wpfzuf&dS at;pufaeaom ae&modkYoGm;um a&cJwHk;BuD;udk yifv,fNyifxJrS r,lNyD; *lxJwGif wnfYxm;vkdufav\/ ra&S;raESmif;rSmyif a&cJwHk;BuD; t&nfaysmfNyD; tNyifbufodkY pD;xGufvmav\/ xkdtcg tnpftaBu;rsm;udk aq;xkwfvkdufouJYodkY teHYtoufrsm; uif;pifoGm;awmY\/ ,if;odkY usef;acR;qef;wpfa,muf *lxJwGif oefY&Sif;a&;vkyfaepOf csifwl;wl;u "m;NzifY 0uf0HBuD;rsm;\ ta&cGu H ckd mG í tom;rsm;udk vS;D xkwv f u dk \ f / þ0ef;usifae&mrSm rD;awmifNzpfaomfvnf; tvGeaf t;aom a&cJonfY aNrmuf0if&;kd pGe;f Nzpfí at;pufru I &daS eyg\/ xkYd aBumifY 0uf0H tom;rsm;udk a&cJab;wGif xm;vdu k v f Qif b,fawmYrQ ykyfokd;oGm;vdrfYrnf r[kwfacs/ csifwl;wl;u . . . ]]tpfudka&? ckaecgrSm rD;&dS&if odyfaumif;rSmyJaemf}} usef;acR;qef;u rD;awmifxdyf0rS awmufavmifaeaomrD;udk BunfYNyD; . . . ]]rD;uawmY &dSygw,f? 'gayr,fY odyf tiftm;BuD;aevkdY cufaewm wl;wl;? tif;av? wNznf;Nznf;eJY tBuHxkwf&ifawmY &rSmyg}} xdkYaemufwGif olwdkYonf 0uf0H OD;aESmufudk pm;NyD; tdyfpuftem;,lvkdufBuavawmYonf/ aemufwpfaeY/ xdkaeYwGif usef;acR;qef;u csifwl;wl;tm; vufwkdYac:í . . . ]]'Dr,f wl;wl;? rD;pm&zkdY udk,fwpfck tBuH&xm;w,fuG,fY}} csifwl;wl;u 0rf;omtm;&oHNzifY . . . ]]b,f . . . b,fvkd tBuH&wmvJ tpfudk [if}} ]]rD;awmif tayguf0rSm rD;awmufu odyfBuD;vGef;aew,f wl;wl;? tem;uyfzkdYqkdwm rvG,fbl;? tem;ruyfcifuyJ rD;aoG;cJNzpfoGm;Ekdifw,fuG,fY? tck tpfudkY tBuHu opfacgufawGudk&Sm êud;vkd t&SnfBuD;uspfNyD; aeylvSrf;vkduf? aemufNyD; . . .}} csifwl;wl;u odyfoabmusoNzifY vufckyfvuf0g;wD;vsuf . . . ]]odyfydkifwJY tBuHygyJ tpfudk? êud;&JY xdyfzsm;rSm cJvHk;csnfxm;NyD; rD;awmif0em;udk vSrf;ypfvkduf? 'Dvkdqdk&if êud;rSm rD;qGJoGm;rSm aocsmw,f? 'gqdk wl;wl;wdkY vkdcsifaewJY rD;&NyDaygY tpfudk&JYaemf}} olwdkYESpfOD;rSm wpfcsdefvHk; om;pdrf;ig;pdrf;udkom pm;vmcJY&m ,ck rD;awmufudkNrifaomf vGefpGm tusuf pm;aomufcsifae&SmNyD Nzpf\/ okdYNzifY olwdkYonf csufcsif;yif opfacgufrsm;udk cGmí êud;uspfavawmY\/ xdkYaemuf av;&ufrQ aeylvSrf;xm;vdkufonf/ ig;&ufaNrmufaomaeYwGif olwdkYonf rD;awmifbufqDodkY OD;wnf xGufcGmoGm;Bu\/ rD;awmif0udk BunfYvQif eD;rvdkvdkESifY rdkifig;q,fcefY a0;uGm\/ ZGJNzifY c&D;qufae&\/ odkYaomf olwdkY ESpfOD;rSm avQmufav yltdkufvmavESifY aemufqHk;wGif EIwfcrf;rsm;yif aNcmufuyfvmNyD; touf&SL usyfvmavonf/ xdktcg usef;acR;qef;u . . . ]]udk,fwkdY 'Dae&muyJ rD;pmêud;udk rD;awmifxdyfqD ypfvTwfvkdufBuygpdkY? 'Dxuf a&SYwufNyD; oGm;&ifawmY udk,fwdkY rD;aoG;cJ NzpfoGm;rSm aocsmw,f wl;wl;}} csifwl;wl;u tm;i,foHNzifY . . . ]]bk&m;ocifu wl;wl;wdkYudk tpdrf;oufoufyJ pm;ckdif;aea&mYovm; tpfudk&,f}} usef ; acR;qef ; u tm;uk e f x k w f í cJ v H k ; ud k 0S D ; ceJ ypf v T w f v k d u f \ / cJ v H k ; aemuf w G i f êud ; pu wef;vef;ygoGm;onf/
157
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162
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xkdtcg csifwl;wl;\ ñdSK;EGrf;aeaom rsufESmuav;rSm &kwfNcnf;&Tifvef;vmav\/ vDxif;bufodkY vSnfYívnf; . . . ]]OD;av; tazYudk 'DtaBumif;awG tptqHk; aNymNyvkdufyg? uRefr rBumcif *dkPf;csKyfudkNyefvmNyD; tazYudk vmawGYr,fvkdY . . . aemf}} vDxif;u ûyH;vsuf . . . ]]aumif;ygNyD? usKyfu cifAsm;wkdY ESpfa,mufudk*kdPf;csKyfuae apmifYêudaeygYr,f}} csifwl;wl;u qufí . . . ]]'geJY ODav;? uRefr tpfudkaum aeaumif;w,f r[kwfvm;}} ]]odyf aumif;wmaygY wl;wl;? ol tckwavm odkif;ynmtrsm;BuD; wdk;wufvmw,f? OD;av;vkyfwJY usKyfuawmif olYudk t&IH;ay;ae&NyDuG,fY}} ]]aBomf . . . 'DavmufawmifyJvm;}} ]][kwfw,f wl;wl;}} xdkYaemuf vDxif;wkdYvnf; &Dvifwef;ESifY usef;acR;qef;wkdYtm; EIwfqufum olwdkYavSBuD;qDokdY NyefoGm;Buav\/ usef;acR;qef;onf olwkdYtm;vHk; xGufcGmoGm;NyD;csdefwGif uref;uwef; [efNzifY &Dvifwef;tm; ar;vkduf\/ ]]tpfudk? tpfudk &Dwdkuf&Tif&JY 'Pf&m b,fvdkaevJ[if? olaysmufoGm;NyDvm;}} &Dvifwef;u csufcsif;raNz/ Nidrfoufí ae\/ twefBumrSyif . . . ]]tif; . . . }} [k oufNyif;csNyD; . . . ]]nDav; &Dwdkuf&TifuawmY bmrSrNzpfygbl;? 'gayr,fY olu vlaoeJYawmY rNcm;awmYbl;uG? wpfudk,fvHk; rvIyfEkdifawmYbl;av}} usef;acR;qef;rSm tpfudk eHygwfoHk;Nzpfol &Dwdkuf&Tifraoao;aBumif; od&aomf vGefpGm0rf;omoGm;\/ okdYaomf &Dwdkuf&TifrSm vlaoaumifuJYokdY wpfudk,fvHk; rvIyf&Sm;EdkifawmYaBumif; Bum;&aomtcg vGefpGm pdwfraumif;Ncif;Nzpf&Nyefonf/ xdkYaBumifY usef;acR;qef;u rsuf&nf0Jvsuf idk&dIufoHNzifY qkdav\/ ]]tpfudk &Dwdkuf&Tif&JY &efol b,folvJqdkwm pHkprf;vdkY&NyDvm; tpfudk}} &Dvifwef;u &kwfw&uf csifwl;wl;bufodkY vSnfYí pl;&SpGm wpfcsuf pdkufBunfYNyD;vQif . . . ]]csifwl;wl;? usKyfnDav; &Dwdkuf&Tifudk vkyfBuHwJYvl[m b,folvJqkdwm odovm;}} [k ar;vm\/ csifwl;wl;vnf; wpfukd,fvHk; wpfcsufrQ wkef,ifoGm;NyD;vQif . . . ]]uRefr rodygbl;}} [k aNz&Smonf/ &Dvifwef;u csifwl;wl;udk tBunfYvTJNyD; usef;acR;qef;tm; ar;Nyef\/ ]]nDav; a&Smifvif*kdPf;uaNymw,f? rif;u a&Tig;tmrcHXmeu vlawGtm;vHk;udk owfwJYtNyif olwkdY a&Smifvif*dkPf;om; bkef;BuD; wpfcsdKYudkvJ owfcJYw,fqdk [kwfvm;}} ]]'g . . .}} usef;acR;qef;u bmaNym&rnfrodatmif NzpfoGm;pOf csifwl;wl;u Bum;0ifí aNzonf/ ]]'g[m . . . tpfudk usef;acR;qef;eJY rqdkifygbl;? tm;vHk;udk owfwm uRefryg}} &Dvifwef;u csifwl;wl;tm; wpfcsufpdkufBunfYvdkufNyef\/ olYrsufvHk;tBunfYwGif emBunf;aom trlt&may:vGifae\/ okdYaomf csufcsif;yif xkdtrlt&m aysmufoGm;NyD; . . . ]]igvJ wGufxm;ygw,f? nDav;u 'DvlawGudkavQmufowfvdrfYr,f r[kwfbl;qdkwm? 'Dudpeö JY ywfowfNyD; a&Smifvif*dkPf;u [lwef;awmifudk oHk;BudrfwdwdwufvmNyD;awmY ar;Buw,fuG? 'gayr,fY nDav;aysmufaewJY taBumif;udk odkif;avmuwpfckvHk;odaeBuawmY b,fvdkrS aNz&Sif;vkdYr&EkdifcJYbl;av? igwdkYu a&Smifvif*dkPf;[m igwkYd &YJ &Dwu dk &f iT u f kd vkyBf uHw,faNymw,f? olwYkd uvJ nDav;olwYkd vu l kd owfw,fvYkd pGypf w JG ,f? tJ'v D dk taNctwif tNyeftvSef pGypf BJG uwke;f rSm a&Smifvifb&k m;ausmif;&JY bke;f awmfBuD; cH;k 0efu orm"d&NSd yD; taNrmftNrif&w Sd YJ yk*K¾d vfrYkd vYdk a&Smifvif*P kd ;f om;awGukd Nyefxed ;f csKyfNyD; igwkYd eYJ Nyóem rwufapcJYb;l uG? 'gaBumifYvJ 'Dq,fEpS f tawmtwGi;f rSm a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;BuD;eJY igwkdY[lwef;*dkPf;u aoG;aNrrpD;cJYwmaygY nDav;}} 202
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205
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csifwl;wl;vnf; vGefpGm yg;eyf vdr®molNzpfí xdkoabmudk csufcsif; em;vnf oabmaygufoGm;\/ xkdYaBumifY csifwl;wl;u . . . ]]aumif;NyDav? uRefru tpfudk&Dwkduf&TifqDrSm tckyJ oGm;oifvkdufygYr,f? 'gayr,fY uRefr cHEkdif&nf &dSygYrvm; raNymwwfbl;}} csifvd&Sefu . . . ]]rpdk;&drfygeJY? rruom aNcvSrf;eJY aNcuGufudk aoaocsmcsm rSwfxm;vkduf&if &ygNyD}} odkYESifY tm;vHk;u &Dwdkuf&Tif\ tcef;xJodkY 0ifvkdufBu\/ csifwl;wl;rSm [lwef;awmif a&mufuwnf;u rrmrusef; NzpfaeoNzifY &Dwkduf&TifESifY rsufESmcsif;rqdkifcJY&ay/ ,ck yxrqHk;tBudrf rsufESmcsif; qdkif&Ncif;yif Nzpfyg\/ &Dwkduf&Tifonf csifwl;wl;tm; tuJcwfBunfYNzifY BunfYvkduf&m &kyfqif;t*Fg acsmarmvSyoavmuf wnfNidrfvSaom csifwl;wl;udkNrifaomf usef;acR;qef;twGuf 0rf;omoGm;av\/ NyD;wpfzef csifwl;wl;u ckepfpifBu,f odkif;uGufudk oifBum;NyD; olYudk,fpm; 0ifa&muf wkdufckdufay;rnf[k Bum;&Nyefaomf 0rf;enf;0rf;om NzpfoGm;&Smavonf/ olu csifwl;wl;tm; ûyH;BunfY&if; . . . ]]nDrav;twGuf tpfudku bmrS vufaqmifray;EkdifcJYbl;? 'gaBumifY tck 'Dodkif;uGuf&JY ta&;BuD;qHk; aNcuGuaf wGudk vufaqmifypön;f trSwef YJ tpfuo kd ifay;&awmYrmS aygY? aemufyikd ;f &efoal wG qkwo f mG ;awmYrS tpfuu kd rif;udk tptqHk; tao;pdwf Nyefoifay;r,f [kwfvm;}} ]]aus;Zl;wifygw,f tpfudk}} þonfrSm yxrqHk;tBudrf csifwl;wl;\ pum;oHudk &Dwdkuf&Tif Bum;vkduf&Ncif;yif Nzpfyg\/ ,if;odkY csifwl;wl;xHrS ]]aus;Zl;wifygw,f tpfudk}} [laom pum;oHudk Bum;&aomtcg &kwfw&uf olYrsufESmwpfckvHk; wGefYvdrfoGm;NyD; rsufvHk;tBunfYudk a&SYodkYom pdkufíBunfYaerdav\/ wpfpHkwpfckudk awG;ai;í taotcsm pOf;pm;ae[efyif/ usef;acR;qef;u vefYzsyfoGm;NyD; . . . ]]tpfudk bmNzpfoGm;wmvJ}} [k owday;vdkuf\/ odkYaomf &Dwdkuf&Tif bmrS NyefraNymbJ xkdtwdkif;ai;aBumifae\/ olYrsufvHk;xJwGifrl xl;qef;aom ta&mifxGufaebdodkY &dS\/ emBunf;cHNyif;aom t&dyfta,mif vkdvdkyif/ usef;acR;qef;u csifwl;wl;tm; wpfcsuf BunfYvkduf\/ csifwl;wl;\ rsufESmwGifvnf; trlt&m ysuf,Gif;ae\/ aBumuf&GHY wkefvIyfaeouJYodkY/ csdK&Tifacsmif;url &Dwkduf&Tifudk BunfYvkduf? csifwl;wl;udkBunfYvkdufESifY olwdkY\ rsufESmtrlt&mrsm; aNymif;vJoGm;&onfudk em;rvnfEkdifatmif Nzpfaeav\/ okdYaomf olwdkYtoD;oD;\ &ifxJodkYrl edrdwfqdk;rsm; 0ifa&mufvmNyDNzpfyg\/ olwdkYonf tvkdtavsmuf &ifckefoHrsm; us,favmifvm&avNyD/ xkdpOf &Dwkduf&Tif\ oufNyif;csoHudk us,favmifpGm Bum;&NyD; NzLa&mfaom ol\ yg;ESpfbufrSm teDa&miforf;vmonfudk awGYvkduf&\/ olu wkd;nif;aomavoHNzifY . . . ]]nDrav;? rif; 'Dtem;udk avQmufvmcJY? ig rif;udk aoaocsmcsm BunfYcsifw,f}} csifwl;wl;\ wpfudk,fvHk; wkef,ifvsuf&dS\/ cifyGef;onfNzpfol usef;acR;qef;\ vufudkom wif;usyfpGm qkyfukdifxm;NyD; a&SYodkY wpfvSrf;rQ rwdk;oGm;&Jacs/ twefBumaomf &Dwkduf&Tifu . . . ]]rif; a&SYwdk;rvmvJ ta&;rBuD;ygbl;? [dk;aeYwkef;u rif;&JY rsufESmudk igrS rNrifvkduf&bJ? at; . . .rif; tck a[m'D pum;ES p f c G e f ; ud k Nyef a NymNyygvm;? cif A sm;ud k , f w k d i f 'D y pö n f ; ud k tmrcH N yD ; vk d u f y d k Y & r,f ? vrf;c&D;wpfavQmufrSm r&yfrem;bJ q,f&uftwGif; ta&mufydkY&r,f? wu,fvkdY vrf;c&D;rSm wpfpHkwpf&m cRwf,Gif;cJY&if a[; . . . a[; . . . cifAsm;&JYtouf ao&kHwif rubl;? cifAsm;&JY a&Tig;tmrcHXme wpfckvHk; vlBuD;vli,fra&G; tm;vHk;ao&vdrfYr,f}} usef;acR;qef;wdkYtm;vHk;rSm &Dwdkuf&Tifu þpum;vHk;rsm;udk wpfvHk;csif; Nznf;nif;pGm aNymaeonfudk Bum;&aomf ausmcsrf;í vmrd\/ csifwl;wl;vnf; &kwfw&uf tHudk Budwfí a&SYodkY wpfvSrf;wuf&if; . . . ]]tpfudk &Dwdkuf&Tifu odyfcsD;usL;p&m aumif;ygw,f? uRefr&JYtoHudk aumif;aumif;rSwfrdw,f? 237
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [dk;aeYwkef;u tpfudkYudk a&Tig;tmrcHXmeudk vmydkYwJYvl[m uRefrygyJ}} &Dwdkuf&Tif\ rsufESmrSm ydkí aBumufrufzG,faumif;vmav\/ olu Nznf;nif;pGmNzifY . . . ]]'Dvkdqdk&if [kdaeYu avSay:rSm igYudk tqdyftyfeJYypfwmu rif; . . .}} olu &kwfw&uf pum;udk &yfvkdufNyD; usef;acR;qef;tm; wpfcsuf BunfYvdkuf\/ olYtBunfYwGif t"dyÜm,faNrmufNrm;pGm ygae\/ olu &kwfw&uf oufNyif;wpfcsuf&dIufvkdufvsuf vGefpGm vIyf&Sm;aeaom pdwfudk xdef;vkdufNyD;vQif . . . ]]tif; . . . ta&;rBuD;awmYygbl;av? igu tck 'ku©dw NzpfaeNyDyJ? bmrS aNymp&m rvdkawmYygbl;? at; . . . nDrav;u tpfudkwkdY&JY [lwef;ckepfazmf&JY *kPfodu©mudk rusatmifxdef;ay;&r,f}} csifwl;wl; rsuf&nf0JvmNyD Nzpf\/ olronf &Dwdkuf&Tif\ apwemudk aumif;pGm oabmaygufvm\/ [kdpOf [dktcgu avSay:wGif &Dwkduf&Tiftm; tuGufqifí tqdyftyfNzifY avS0rf;xJrS ypfvkdufolrSm csifw;l wl;rSe;f &Dwu kd &f iT f odomG ;\/ olr\ toHrw S qifY odomG ;Ncif;yif Nzpfyg\/ odYk aomf &Dwu kd &f iT o f nf olY*P dk ;f wl nDav; usef;acR;qef;udk cspfvGef;oNzifY olYtwGufESifY olwdkY\ tdrfaxmifa&; ysufNym;rnfpdk;í q,fESpfwdwd emBunf;cJY&aom a0'emudk twif;xde;f csKyfNyD; tNzpfreS u f kd od0k u S x f m;&ef êud;pm;aeaBumif; csifw;l wl; odvu dk o f nf/ usef;acR;qef;onf &Dwu kd &f iT \ f trlt&mudo k m awGYvu dk Nf yD; ol\pum; wpfyikd ;f wpfpudo k m Bum;vdu k &f aomfvnf; tNzpfrSefudk yg;eyfpGm &dyfpm;rdvkdufonf/ olu wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;aom? r,HkBunfEkdifvGef;aom tBunfYNzifY csifwl;wl;udk pdkufBunfY&if; xpfxpfaigYaigYNzifY . . . ]]rif; . . . rif;u . . . wu,fyJ tpfukd&Dwdkuf&Tifudk tqdyftyfeJY ypfvkdufwJYvl}} csifwl;wl;rSm olYpdwfudkol rcsKyfwnf;EdkifNzpfum rsuf&nfûzdifûzdifus&if; . . . ]][kwf. . . [kwfygw,f? [kdaeYwkef;u avSxJrSm tpfudk&Dwdkuf&Tifudk tqdyftyfeJYypfwm uRefrygyJ}} usef;acR;qef; &kwfw&uf atmfí . . . csifwl;wl; wu,f? rif; . . . rif; bmNzpfvkdY igYudk apmapmu raNym&wmvJ´ ]]uRefr tJ'Dwkef;u tpfudkeJYrS rodao;wm? aemufydkif; tpfudk &Dwdkuf&Tifu tpfudkY&JYtpfudkrSef;odawmY uRefr b,faNym&JawmYrSmvJ? tpfudk &Dwdkuf&Tif tckvkd Nzpf&wm[m uRefrom t"du w&m;cH Nzpfaewmudk;? aemufNyD; tpfudk &Dwdkuf&Tifudk vuf0g;rSm oHpl;eJY &dkufwJYvluvJ uRefr&JY tpfudk&if; csif&,f0rfyJav? uRefrwdkY rsufcHk;NzL*kdPf;u wu,fawmY [lwef;*dkPf;eJY bm&efñdSK;&efprS r&dSygbl;? 'gaBumifY e*g;Edkif"m;udk &NyD;wJYaemufrSm tpfudk &Dwdkuf&Tifudk [lwef;*dkPf;udk NyefydkYcJY&ygw,f tpfudk}} usef;acR;qef;\ wpfudk,fvHk;rSm wqwfqwfwkef,ifvmNyD; rsufvHk;rsm;vnf; rD;0if;0if;awmufvsuf &dSaeav\/ olu csifwl;wl;tm; vufñdSK;xdk;&if; . . . ]]rif; . . . rif; . . . igYudk nmw,f}} xdktcg csifwl;wl;u "m;udk qwfceJqGJxkwfNyD; "m;&kd;udk usef;acR;qef;tm; xdk;ay;&if; . . . ]]tpfudk uRefr&JY tNypfudk uRefr b,fvdkrS ra&Smifwdrf;csifygbl;? 'gaBumifY tpfudk tck uRefrudk a[m'D"m;eJY owfvkdufyg}} usef;acR;qef;u csifwl;wl;ay;aom "m;udk qwfceJ qGJ,lNyD; csifwl;wl; &if0udk xdk;pdkufvkduf&ef [efNyifvu dk \ f / odYk aomf xdck Pwm tcsdet f wGi;f rSmyif q,fEpS q f ,fr;kd rQ cspfBuifpmG twlaexdik cf YJ aom olYcspfZeD;udk rowf&ufvsuf Nzpfum wpfcsufrQ ai;aBumifoGm;&if; ]tm;} [k wpfcsufatmfí tNyifbufodkY wpf&dSefxdk; aNy;xGufoGm;avawmY\/ csifwl;wl;wkdYtm;vHk;rSm usef;acR;qef; bmaBumifY &kwfw&uf wpf&dSefxdk; aNy;xGufoGm;onfudk em;rvnfBuoNzifY ai;aBumifí BunfYaerdBuav\/ NyD;rSyif vkdufxGufoGm;Buonf/ xdkpOf usef;acR;qef;u usef;qef;zkef;a&SYwGif 'l;axmufvsuf . . . ]]q&m uRefawmf[m cGifYrvTwfEkdifwJY tNypfBuD;udk usL;vGefcJYrdygw,f? 'gaBumifY uRefawmfu q&mYudk wpfckyJ awmif;qdkcsifygw,f}} usef;qef;zkef;vnf; apmapmu tcef;xJwGif Nzpfay:aeaom Nyóemudk vkH;0 rod&SdoNzifY olu nifompGmyif . . . 238
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]bmudpövJ? rif;aNymyg? q&mu rif;&JY awmif;qdkcsufudk vufcHrSmyg}} [k qdkav\/ usef;acR;qef;u bmrS NyefraNymbJ usef;qef;zkef;tm; OD;oHk;Budrf csvkduf\/ NyD;rS . . . ]]q&mYudk aus;Zl;wifygw,f? uRefawmfYrSm om;wpfa,muf &dScJYygw,f q&m? tck vlqdk;&JY vufxJudk a&mufaeygw,f? q&mu uRefawmY&JY tJ'Dom;av;udk vlqdk;awG vufxJuae Nyef&atmif u,fwifNyD; om;av;udk vlvm;aNrmufwJYtcsdefxd apmifYa&Smufay;ygaemf}} usef;acR;qef;onf xdkokdYaNymNyD;aemuf &kwfw&uf vSnfYí cHk;0efq&mawmfBuD;? cHk;usd? cHk;&SefY q&mawmfBuD;rsm;ESifYwuG cGef;vGef*dkPf;csKyfBuD; q&mBuD; [dkwdkufcsHK;? 0gar*dkPf; ponf tm;vHk;udk vSnfYywfBunfYvkdufNyD;vQif . . . ]]tck 'Dupd aö wG tm;vH;k [m usKyfwpfa,mufwnf;&JY vufcsuyf gyJ? 'gaBumifY usKyftNypfukd usKyf0efcyH gw,f? tm;vHk; auseyfBuygawmY}} usef;acR;qef;\ pum;qHk;onfESifY tNyifbufqDrS vufeufESpfck rzdwfac:bJ &kwfw&uf t&dSeft[kefNyif;pGmESifY vQyfwpfNyuf 0ifvmNyD; vufeufwpfcku ol\ vnfyif;udk xdrSefum csufcsif;yif aoG;rsm; yef;xGufvmNyD; ae&mwGiyf if vJus aoqH;k oGm;avawmY\/ tNzpfu NrefqefveG ;f oNzifY xdt k csdew f iG yf if usef;qef;zke;f ? csdK&Tiaf csmif;? &Dvifwef;? usef;qHkusD; ponfY q&mwynfY av;a,mufrSm a&SYaemufqifYatmfum usef;acR;qef;tm; ckeftkyfvkdufav\/ odkYaomf Akef;Akef;[laom toHESifYtwl usef;qef;zkef;eHab;&dS {nfYonfawmf av;OD;om usef;qef;zkef;\ vuf0g;apmif; twGif;tm;aBumifY eHab;odkY vGifYpOfoGm;NyD; usef;acR;qef;udkawmYrl olwkdY tcsdefrD ru,fEkdifawmYacs/ usef;acR;qef;um; vnfrsdKrS aoG;aBumNywfum toufZD0def csKyfNidrf;oGm;NyD Nzpfyg\/ armfuq k ef;? csifv&d eS Ef iS Yf usef;acR;qef;\ cspfZeD; csifw;l wl;wkYd vnf; xyfBuyfruGm a&mufvmBuonfYwidk f usef;acR;qef;\ toufudkum; rrDvkdufygawmYacs/ xkdtcsdefwGifyif cef;raqmif Nywif;ayguf tNyifbufrS . . . ]]azaz . . . azaz}} [laom uav;i,f wpfa,muf\ atmfoHudk trSwfrxif tm;vHk;Bum;vkduf&\/ a[m . . . aemufwpfcg Bum;&NyefygNyD/ ]]azaz . . . az}} ,ckwpfzef atmfac:vkdufaom toHurl &kwfw&uf wdrf0ifoGm;NyD; wpfpHkwpfa,mufu uav;i,f\ yg;pyfudk wpfpHkwpfckESifY zkH;tkyfvkdufovkdyif Bum;vkdufBu&av\/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGifyif usef;qef;zkef; udk,fvHk;rSm &kwfw&uf ckefysHxGufoGm;NyD; vlawG\ OD;acgif;rSausmfí Nywif;ayguftNyifodkY vQifwpfNyuf a&mufoGm;avawmY\/ cef;raqmif tNyifbuf rvSrf;rurf; wpfae&mwGifrl rGef*kdppfom; t0wftpm;ESifY vlwpfa,mufonf toufq,fESpfcefY&dS uav;i,f wpfOD;tm; zufxm;NyD; uav;i,f\ yg;pyfudkyg vuf0g;NzifY zHk;tkyfxm;av\/ odkYaomf uav;i,frSm xdkrGef*dkppfom;\ vufrSvGwf&ef twif;&kef;uefvsuf &dSaeyg\/
239
rmwdum tcef; (29) tcef; (30) tcef; (31) tcef; (32) tcef; (33) tcef; (34) tcef; (35) tcef; (36) tcef; (37) tcef; (38) tcef; (39) tcef; (40) tcef; (41) tcef; (42) tcef; (43)
a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif; qDokdh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 vdyfjymukef; orm;awmfBuD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 awmwGif; wkdufyJG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 rarQmfvifhaom owif;BuD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 aq;ynm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 twdwfZmwfvrf;pHk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 vQdKh0Suf'Pf&m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 tqdyfbk&if aq;bk&if . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 uHqdk;rkd;arSmif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 ukd,fvGwfvuf½kef; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 cGef;vGefawmifokdh ESpfa,muftwl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 q&mBuD; [kdwkdufcsHK; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 tvif;wrefawmf &efa&mif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 ESif;awmif a'0D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 yef;NcH okdif;NydKifyGJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
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281
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326
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340
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tcef;(43) yef;NcH odkif;NydKifyJG xdktoHaMumifh usef;[lusif;\&ifrSm vdIif;xovdk wkef,ifvm\/ olUvuf0g;jyifwGif acR;ap;rsm; pdrfh,dkxGufvmonftxd wodrfhodrfh cHpm;vdkuf&\/ rSefonf/ usef;[lusif;onf þtoH&Sif usL;usifhtm; awGUcGifh&&ef tcsdef ESpfveD;yg;rQ arQmfvifhapmifhpm; cJh&onf r[kwfygvm;/ xdkpOf aemufxyfí rdef;uav; toHwpfoHaygvmjyef\/ ]]tpfudk tckvdk apmapmpD;pD; a&mufvmwm[m OD;av;? a':av;wdkUudk uefawmhzdkUeJU qkrGefaumif;awmif;zdkU vmwmvm;? 'grSr[kwf nDrav;twGuf qkrGefaumif;awmif;zdkU vmwmvm;qdkwm roJuJGbl;}} oHk;OD;om;\&,foHrsm;u cef;rBuD;xJodkU vGifhjyefUvmonfESifh twl a,musmf; vli,fwpfOD;ESifh rdef;uav; ESpfOD;wdkUvnf; cef;rxJodkU 0ifvmMuav\/ xdkUaemuf a,musfm;av;\ nmbufwGif usL;usif;u &yfí b,fbufwGifrl tjcm;rdef;uav; wpfa,mufu &Hí&yfvdkufav\/ usef;[lusif;\ rsufvHk;tMunfhESifh tm½Hkurl usL;usif;tcef;xJodkU 0ifvmonfh tcsdefupNyD; ,ckwdkif usL;usif;udo k m rsufawmifrcwf pdu k Mf unfv h suf tm½Hpk ;l a&muf aerdav\/ pifppfusef;[lusif;onf vlysdKabmf0ifp q,fausmfouf t&G,fodkU a&muf &SdvmNyDjzpfí þodkU zdkr qJGaqmifrI pwifcHpm;&onfrSm rqef;ygacs/ odkUaomf usef;[lusif;\ cHpm;rSKwGif wPSm&m* >yrf;aom taiGUtoufrsm; ra&m,Sufygacs/ olU&ifxJwGif usL;usif;\ ½kyfyHkvTmtm; xm0pOf jrifawGUaevdkaom? toHudk rjywftpOf Mum;aecsifygaom qE´rsm;om aphaqmf udef;atmif;aeyg\/ 358
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkpOf a,musfm;vli,fESifh rdef;uav;onf usL;usif;\rdbESpfyg;udk OD;cs EIwfqufNyD; qkrGefaumif;rsm; awmif;ay;Muav\ NyD;vQio f w l Ukd oH;k a,mufom;onf tdrBf uD;\ taemufbuf&dS yef;NcHqo D Ukd avQmufomG ;Muav\/ xdktcgusrSyif usef;[lusif;vnf; xdka,musfm;vli,frSm ½kyf&nfvGefpGm acsmarmcefUnm;aMumif; awGU& avawmh\/ rdef;uav;rSmvnf; usL;usif;ESifh tNydKifvSyolav;jzpfaMumif; odvdkuf&\ xdkpOf rdef;uav;u ... ]]usL;usif;a&? rif;&JU vufñdk;odkif; b,ftqifh a&mufNyDvJ[if? igwdkUudk wpfuGuf ESpfuGufavmuf jyygOD;uG,f}} [kqdk\/ ]]atmifr,f? rif;u ighudk oufouf aemufajymifwmayghav? igu aemuf q,fESpfxyfusifh&ifvJ rif;wdkU rsdK;½dk;&JU taMumydwf odkif;ynmudk rrDygbl;}} xdktcg vli,fu &,fí ... ]]rif;wdkUESpfa,mufuvJ wpfa,mufudkwpfa,muf ESdrfhcsaevdkufMuwm 'Davmuf emrnfBuD;wJh ESif;awmifa'0D ESpfa,mufursm; odkif;ynmnHhEdkif OD;rSmvm;uG,fh }} ]]igu wpfa,mufwnf; tdrfrSm usifhae&wmuG,fh? 'Dawmh rif;udk *dkPf;wl armifESr ESpfa,mufvdk aqG;aEG;azmfr&Sdawmh wdk;wufrSK b,fjrefyghrvJ? rif;wdkUESpfa,mufusawmh wpfaeukef wpfaecef;? wpfa,mufeJU wpfa,muf tjyeftvSef avhusihfvdkufwdkuf cdkufvdkuf? aqG;aEG; ñSdESdKif;vdkufeJU [if; ...}} usL;usifh\ pum;oHwGif 0efwdkaom remvdkaom toHaESmaeí xdkrdef;uav;u EIwfcrf;aphum NyHK;aeav\/ odkUaomfusL;usif;\ pum;udkrl olronf jyefírajzay/ qdwfqdwfaejcif;jzifh 0efcHjcif;udk jyaevdkufav\/ vli,fonfrl usL;usif; pdwfqdk;oGm;rnf pdk;[efjzifh tvsifpvdk 0ifajymav\/ ]]tdk ... 'DvdkvJ r[kwfygbl;? rif;rSmu q&mESpfa,mufawmif &Sdwmudk;? OD;av;eJU a':av;ESpfa,mufpvHk;u rif;udk oifay;awmh rif;u igwdkUxuf ydkawmfwmayghuG,fh}} usL;usif;u ESKwfcrf;av; pl;í ... ]]igwdkU ... igwdkUeJU [ifh? tpfudkwdkUu *dkPf;wl armifESrawGqdkawmh uRefrvdk wpf0rf;uJGxuf yd k c if M urS m aygh a v? uRef r u aemuf a jymif a ewmud k tpf u d k u t[k w f x if N yD ; ol U buf u yJ wpf c sd e f v H k ; bufvdkufajymaewmyJ}} usL;usifhu pum;tqHk;wGif wpfbufodkU rsufESmvSnfhvdkuf\/ vli,ftm; ta&; rpdkufawmh[ef jyKjcif;yif jzpfyg\/ xdktcg vli,fu rsufESmcsdKaoG;&if; ... ]]tpfudkuawmh ... a[m'D wpf0rf;uJG nDrvJ cifwmyJ? *dkPf;wl nDrav;udkvJ cifwmyJ? twlwlyJ}} usL;usif;u vli,fbufodkU qwfceJ rsufESmjyefrlNyD; ... ]]tpfudk ... tpfudkwdkU&JU q&mu aemufxyf wynfhrav;wpfa,mufudk vufcHvdkufw,fqdk }} vli,fu rdrdtm; usL;usif;u apmif;csdwfí ajymvmawmhrnfrSef; &dyfpm;rdí acgif;wpfcsufndwfNyD; pum;vrf;aMumif; ajymif;vdkufav\/
359
rmwdum tcef; (44) tcef; (45) tcef; (46) tcef; (47) tcef; (48) tcef; (49) tcef; (50) tcef; (51) tcef; (52) tcef; (53) tcef; (54)
twdwfopöm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360 acsmufurf;yg;BuD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 usrf;uqDrSm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 aoG;opfpGrf;&nf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 vuf&nfprf;yGJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 tqdyfyifhul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416 tvif;rmef*kdPf; 0kdif;NzdKjcif; . . . . . . . . . . 427 a&Trif;om; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438 &J&ifhjcif;ESifh opömw&m; . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446 &SmyHkawmfc&D; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457 opömw&m; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usL;usif;u rsufESmxm; wif;wif;jyKí ... ]]nDrav; ...rif;ukd igu bmrS xdcdkufatmif rjyKcJhbJeJY b,fES,fhaMumifh 'DESpful;aeYMuD;rSm ighudk vmNyD; avSmifovkd ajymifovkd vkyf&wmvJ}} rdef;uav;u tHhMoaom trlt&maqmifí ... ]][if ...rif; rSm;aeNyD? igu 'DESpful;aeUrSm rif;twGuf oufoufvmNyD; qkrGefaumif; awmif;ay;wmyg/ b,fES,fhvkyf rif;udk vmNyD; avSmifajymifw,fvdkY ajymae&wmvJuG,fh}} usL;usif;u vli,fbufodkY vSnfhí ... ]]uJ ...tpfudkyJ qHk;jzwfayawmh? b,folY tvGefvJ qdkwm}} vli,frSm bmajymvdkY ajym&rSef;awmif rodatmif jzpfoGm;avonf/ pifppf vli,fonf wpf0rf;uGJ nDrudk rxdyg;&Jovkd *dkPf;wl nDrudkvnf; rxd&Jacs/ xdkYaMumifh vli,fu ESpfa,muf pvHk;udk rsufESmcsKdaoG;í ... ]]tpfudkwdkY tcsif;csif; rawGU&wmvJ MumygNyD? tckvdk awGUMu qHkMuckdufrSm tcsif;rsm;p&m pum;awG rajymygeJYawmhuG,f? aMomf ... 'geJY usL;usif;a&? tckwavm OD;av;eJY a':av;u rif;udk bmodkif;ynm topfawG oifay;vJuG,f? tpfudkwdkYudkvnf; wpfuGufESpfuGufavmuf jyygOD;}} usL;usif;u pOf;pm;[efjyKNyD; ... ]]vGecf w hJ hJ tywfwek ;f u azazu uRefrudk pkww f o H ikd ;f uGux f u J vuFmwpfy'dk f oifay;vdu k w f ,f? 'gayr,fh uRefr aumif;aumif; roif&ao;ygbl;? tpfudkwdkYu uRefr trSm;&Sd&if jyifay;aemf [kwfvm;}} vli,fEiS hf rde;f uav;u usL;usi;f \ pum;tqH;k wGif vuf ckyw f ;D vdu k f Muav\/ usL;usi;f onf acG;rsm;udk avSmiftdrfxJ jyefoGif;NyD; eH&HwGif csdwfxm;aom oHrPdpkwfwH wpfpHkudk ,lvdkufonf/ xdkeH&HwGif vufeufrsKd;pHk csdwfxm;\/ odkYaomf trsm;pkrSm pkwfwHrsm;yif jzpf\/ þonfudk Munhfjcif;jzifh usL;usif;onf pkwfwHodkif;ynmudk trsm;qHk; oifMum;avhusifh ae[ef &Sdygonf/ usef;[lusif;onf olYzcifxHrS þvdk pkwfwHvufeuf taMumif;udk aumif;pGmMum;cJhzl;\/ xdkpOfrSmyif usL;usif;onf nmbufvufwGif pkwfwHudk udkifí b,fbufvufjzifh rdef;uav;tm; vuf,uf ac:avonf/ ]]nDrav; rif; igeJY vmupm;av? 'DpkwfwH odkif;uGufu wpfa,mufwnf; avhusifhvdkY r&bl;uG,fh}} xdkrdef;uav;url usL;usif;u rdrdtm; wpfpHkwpf&m jyKvdrfhrnfrSef;odí acgif;cg,rf;jy&if; qdkav\/ ]][iftif;? igu rif;avmufrS odkif;rwufwm? b,fupm; EkdifrvJ}} vli,fu rwufomí Mum;0ifajym&\/ ]]nDrav; usL;usif;? tpfudkeJYyJ upm;Muwmaygh? 'gayr,fh tpfudkYudkawmh n§m&vdrfhr,faemf? nDr&JU pkwfwHcRefMuD;eJY tpfudkY &ifbufudk xefusKH;? acgif;u ayaph taMumrMuD;ukdom xdk;vdkuf&if tpfudkawmh 'DESpful; r*FvmrSmawmif t&ufav;awmif aomuf&rSm t[kwfawmhygbl;uG,f}} rSefonf/ vli,fajymaom taMumrESpfckrSm aoaMumMuD; rsm;jzpfí xdk;rdvQif rkcsao&ayrnf/ usL;usif;onf vli,f\ csD;usL;ajr§mufyifhaom pum;udkMum;aomf vGefpGm oabmusoGm;\/ olru &,fí ... ]][if; ...tpfudkaemf? awmfawmfpum;wwf? udkif; vmNyD tpfudka&}} ol r onf ajymajymqd k q k d b,f n mES p f z uf p vH k ; jzif h vl i ,f t m; pwif w d k u f c k d u f a v\/ ol r \ b,fnmpkww f rH sm;u wu,fyif vli,f\ xefusK;H ac: &ifbufaMumESihf ayaphac: OD;acgif;aMumukd wdu k cf u dk v f m\/ vli,fu ,m;ceJYwpfcsuf atmfoHay;&if; &,farmí ... ]]nDrav;u tpfudka0hydudk wu,f taowdkufawmhrSmvm;uG,f}} [k ar;vdkufonf/ xdktcsdefwGif usL;usif;\ pkwfwHzsm;rsm;u vli,f\ aoaMumqDodkY eD;uyfonfxuf eD;uyfvm&m vli,fyif "m;udk xef;ceJYqx JG w k Nf yD; usL;usif;\ pkww f rH sm;udk umvku d &f \/ xkt d cg usL;usif;u pkww f EH pS af csmif;udk tjzLa&mifwef; ESpfck jzpfatmif vsifjrefpGm a0SY,rf;NyD; vli,ftm; qufvufwdkufcdkuf avae\/ usef;[lusif;onf usL;usif;\ vsifjreforQ tm;ygvGef;aom wkdufuGufrsm;udk rSifwufrdolvkd ai;armí Munfhaerdavonf/ a0hydqdkolvli,f\ "m;odkif;rSmvnf; vGefpGmaumif;rGefonfudk awGU&\/ odkYaomf tcsdeftenf;i,f MumonfESifhtrQ vli,f a0hydonf usL;usif;\ pkwfwHwdkufuGufrsm;udk rckcHEkdifyJ a&Smifíom ae&onfudk awGU&av\/ wpfcgwpf&H txdwfwvefY atmf[pfí tonf;toef ckefysHaemufqkwfae&onfudkvnf; MuHK& 361
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usef;[lusif;onf xkad e&mwGiyf if &yf&if; ai;idik f pOf;pm;vsuf &So d nf/ xdpk Of usL;csefvif\ pum;oHrsm;u olYem;xJodkY jyefvnf 0ifa&mufvmavonf/ ]]oludk enf;enf;av;rS r&dyfrdatmif vkyfxm;&r,f orD;}} wJh/ ]]bmudk r&dyfrdatmif vkyfMu&rSmvJ}} olu twefwef pOf;pm;aevkdufonf/ odkYjzifh ½kwfw&uf olYtawG;rsm; ½IyfaxG;ae&mrS xif&Sm;ay:vGif vmavawmhonf/ ]]aus;Zl;&SifMuD; usef;acR;qef;\ yHkawmf}} rSefygonf/ þyef;csDum;ukd þrQ obm0usus a&;qGJ xm;ygvsuf olYzcif\ yHkwlusawmhrS rsufESmoG,foG,f r[kwfbJ tb,faMumifh ar;½dk;um;um; jzpfae&ygoenf;/ odkYaomf olYzcif \ rsufcHk;ESifh rsufvHk;rsm;rSmrl tvGefwlvSonf/ rSefonf/ þtcsufrSmvnf; olwdkY om;tzESpfa,muf\ rsufcHk;ESifh rsufvHk; rsm;u wlvGef;íyif jzpfygonf/ odkY&mwGif olYrsufESmu ar;½dk;um;NyD; olYzcif\ rsufESmurl oG,fí cRefonf/ usL;csefvif ajymjycsuft& qdkvQifrl xdkyef;csDum;udk oludk,fwdkifa&;qGJcJhonf[k od&onf/ odkYayr,fh bmaMumifhrsm; olYzcif\ wu,fh½kyfyHkESifh þrQ uGmjcm;ae&ygoenf;/ yef;csDum;xJrS usef;acR;qef;\ yHkrSm usef;[lusif; MuD;vmaomyHkESifh wlaeavonf/ usef;[lusif;onf yef;csDum;csyfESifh yufowfí trsKd;rsKd; a0zefydkif;jcm; aerdonf/ usef;[lusif;\ &ifrSm ½kwfjcnf wkef,if oGm;NyD; pdwfxJrSvnf; ]]igudk olwkdY awGUoGm;NyD; xifw,f}} [k a&½Gwf vkdufrdavonf/ odkYaomf xkdtcsdefwGifyif usL;usif;\ wdk;nif;aom toHudk olMum;vkduf&onf/ ]]tpfudk NidrfNidrfaeprf;yguG,f? Munfh? tpfudkaemf? uRefr xç jyefvkdufr,f odvm;}} xdkaemuf a,musmf;wpfa,muf\ toHudkyg Mum;&jyefavonf/ usef;[lusif;\ &ifrSm 'def;ceJ ckefoGm;onf/ usOfceJU atmifhoGm;&Smonf/ olonf ½kwfjcnf;qdkovkd idkcsifpdwfrsm; jzpfay:vm avawmhonf/ aMomf ...oljrifrufavaom tdyfrufvSvSuav;onf ½kwfjcnfyif aysmufuG,foGm;avNyD r[kwfygvm;/ ]]aMomf ...wu,fawmh ol ightaMumudk xdk;ydwfvkdufwm[m reufjzef rdk;vif;&if ighudk aemufajymif usDp,fzkdYrS r[kwfwmbJ? vufpowfawmh olu ntcsdefrawmf tckvdk olY tpfudk 0rf;uGJeJU csdef;awGUzdkYudk;}} xdkodkY pOf;pm;rdpOf usef;[lusif;\ cE¨mudk,frSm aysmhacG oGm;NyD; tiftm;r&SdawmhouJhodkY jzpfoGm;avonf/ odkYaomf olu csufcsif; jyefpOf;pm;vkduf\/ ]]tdk ...igu tnw& b0rvSwJh tdrfajc&majcrJh irGJwpfa,mufyJ? odkif;ynmrSma&m? pmayynmrSma&m? ½kyf&nfrSma&m? olYtpfudk a0hydudk b,fvdkrS ,SOfvkdY r&ygbl;av? usL;usif;u olYtpfudk a0hydeJYrS wu,f vdkufzufwmyg}} usef;[lusif;u olYudk,fol þodkY ajzodrfhNyD;aemuf av;yifaom oufjyif;udk csvkdufavonf/ xdkpOf usL;usif;\ wkefvIyf acsmufcsm;vsuf &Sdaom tmar!dwfoHudk Mum;&avonf/ ]]taz ...taz}} rSefonf/ usL;csefvifonf rD;0if;0if;awmufaeaom rsufvHk; jzifh usL;usif;tm; Munfhvsuf a'gooHjzifh qdk\/ ]]rif;wdkY 'DrSm bmvmvkyfwmvJ}} usL;usif;u bmrS rjzpfovdk MudK;pm;[efaqmif&if; ... ]]tpfudku orD;eJU rawGUwm MumvkdY ol 'Dn 'DudkvmNyD; orD;eJY pum;vmajymwmyg azaz}} ]]eif ...eif w,ftwifh&J ygvm;[if? wu,fvdkY usef;[lusif; odoGm;&if ...}} usL;usif;u tvsifpvdkjzifh ... ]]orD;u olY&JU taMumudk tomav; ydwfxm;cJhygw,f azaz? awmfMum orD;jyefoGm;NyD; ajzay;vkduf&if olodrSm r[kwfygbl;}}
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380
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; olu ajymajymqdkqdk trsKd;trnf rodaom tyifwpfyifrS toD; wpfvHk;ukd cl;í *laygufxJodkY ypfoGif;vkduf\/ ]]a&mhAsKdU ...'DtoD;udk pm;MunfhOD;}] ol ypfvkdufaom opfoD;rSm *leH&HESifh wdkufrdNyD; usL;csefvif tem;odkY a&mufaomf ausrGoGm;avonf/ odkYaomf usL;csefvifonf iwfrGwf aeonfrSm MumNyDjzpfí csufcsif; aumuf,lum taphyg 0g;pm;vkduf\/ olonf pm;av Adkufqmav jzpfvmojzifh usef;[lusif;tm; atmfajymavonf/ ]]wlav;? ighudk aemufxyfay;ygOD;}} xdktcg usef;[lusif;u ... ]]cifAsm;MuD;u pdwfykyfw,f? iwfaorS aumif;w,f? pm;csif&if udk,fhbmom 0ifvm,l}} ]]wlav; ...igh udk,fvHk;u MuD;awmh 0ifvkdY r&bl;uG}} usef;[lusif;u &,fí ... ]]vG,fygw,f? cifAsm;&JU udk,fvHk;udk ESpfykdif;ydkif;vkduf&if 0ifvdkY &NyDaygh}} usL;csefvifrSm a'goxGufNyD; usef;[lusif;tm; atmf[pfqJqdk aeavonf/ usef;[lusif;rl &,farmvsuf *layguf0rS taemufbufodkY jyefavQmufvmavonf/ twefMum avQmufvmrdaomtcg awmifMum; wpfae&mwGif a&wHceG w f pfck pD;usvsuf&o dS nfukd awGU&avonf/ a&wHceG Mf uD;rSm pdrf;jraom a&uefMuD; wpfckxJodkY wa0ga0g usaeavonf/ odkYaomf a&uefrSm vHk;0 jynfhvQHjcif; r&Sdacs/ tjcm; xGufayguf &Sd[ef wlavonf/ usef;[lusif;onf wa0ga0g pD;usaeaom a&oHESifh pdrf;jraom uefa&udk jrifonfESifh rdrdwpfudk,fvHk; npfywfayusHaeaom tjzpfukd owd&NyD; a&ueftem;odYk avQmufomG ;avonf/ a&mufaomf zdeyfukd cRwfí a&xJoYkd ajcwpfzuf csMunfhvdkufonf/ ]]tm; ...}} olY ajcz0g;u a&rsufESmjyifESifh xdvkdufonfESifh ]tm;}ceJY atmfí xckefvdkufrdonf/ taMumif;rl a&uefwGif;&Sd a&rsm;rSm vGefpGm at;puf vSojzifh ajcz0g;rSm a&udk xdvdkufrdonfESifh a&ylESifh xdonfxufyif ydkí emusifapaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ olu ajcz0g;udk uref;uwef; Munfhvdkufaomtcg ajcz0g;jyif wpfckvHk; eD&JNyD; a&mifwufvmonfudk awGU&avonf/ tu,fí tcsdef tenf;i,f Mumonftxd pdrfxm;vQifrl ajcaxmuf wpffacsmif;vHk; cJoGm;rnfrSm aocsmavonf/ olu vQmav;udk xkwfNyD; ... ]]xl;qef;vkdufwm}} [k a&½Twfvdkufrdonf/ olonf i,fpOfuyif a&cJrD;awmifuRef;wGif aexdkifvmcJh&m rnfrQat;aom a&yifjzpfap cHEdkif&nf &SdcJhavonf/ odkYaomf þrQavmuf at;aom a&udkrl olwpfcgrQ rMuHKawGUzl;cJhygacs/ ydkí xl;qef;onfrSm þa&rsm;onf tvGefw&m at;pufaeaomfvnf; cJírl roGm;ygacs/ olonf a&uefxJodkY Munfhvkdufavonf/ xkdpOf a&uefxJrS ]]tkef; ...tkef;}} [laom zm;atmfoHrsm; Mum;&NyD; wpfudk,fvkH; eD&Jvsuf &Sdaom zm;MuD;oHk;aumif ½kwfw&uf ckefxGufvmonfudk awGU&avonf/ zm;MuD;rsm;rSm vGefpGm MuD;rm;NyD; omrmef zm;rsm;xuf oHk;av;qrQ MuD;rm;avonf/ olwdkYonf a&xJrS ckefxGufvdkufonfESifh wpfudk,fvHk; a&aiGUrsm; ysHUaeavonf/ yrmqdkaomf a&cJwHk;rS a&aiGUrsm; ysHUouJhodkYyif/ usef;[lusif;onf xkdodkY vGefpGm xl;qef;aom zm;MuD;rsm;udk jrifaomf ½kwfjcnf; uav;pdwf ay:vmNyD;vQif zm;wpfaumifudk zrf;NyD; upm;&ef pdwful; jzpfay:vmjyefonf/ olonf zm;rsm; tem;odkY jznf;nif; nif;ompGm avQmufomG ;NyD; zm;eDMuD; wpfaumifukd vufjzifh zrf;tkyv f u dk af vonf/ odYk aomf olYvufu xdzk m;eDMuD;\ ausmjyifukd xdvu dk o f nfEiS hf twl aEG;axG;aom tylvidk ;f wpfcu k kd zm;eDMuD;\ ud, k rf w S qifh olYvufarmif;xJoYkd pD;0ifvmonfukd cHpm;vkduf &avonf/ xkdzm;eDMuD;rSm Murf;wrf;vSonf/ zm;eDMuD;onf usef;[lusif;\ vufwGif;rS wpfcsuf½kef;xGufNyD; vTm;ceJckefí olYvufarmif;udk rvTwfwrf; ukdufcJxm;avonf/
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396
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usL;csefvifxufykdNyD; aMumufp&m aumif;wJh vl jzpfygap/ igu olwkdY&JU axmifacsmufxJudk usEdkifp&m r&Sdygbl;? ightwGufaMumifhvnf; igh&JU arG;pm;azaz 'ku©a&mufp&m r&Sdawmhbl;aygh}} olu xkdodkY twefMumatmif pOf;pm;aerdNyD;aemuf rdef;uav;\ tar;udk ajzavonf/ ]]ighemrnfu iEGm;yg}} ]][,f ...MuHMuHzefzef emrnfuvnf; ]iEGm;} wJh? EdkYeifh&Jh rsKd;½kd;uaum}} usef;[lusif;u pOf;pm;vkdufjyefonf/ ]]ighrsK;d ½d;k u use;f ? csi;f ? &Suf ...'Dval wG tm;vH;k raumif;bl;? 'DrsK;d ½d;k emrnfukd ajym&if vlawGu &dyrf Ed ikd w f ,f? 'gaMumifh igu usef;eJY csif;&JU toHMum;u usif;yJ ,lvkdufr,f}} odkYjzifh olu ]]igemrnfu usif;iEGm;yg? eifh&JU emrnfuaum? eifh&JU rsKd;½dk;emrnfuaum}} rdef;uav;rSm wpfcsufrQ wkefvIyfoGm;NyD; ... ]]igrSm rsKd;½kd;emrnf r&Sdbl;}} twefMumrS qufí ajz;nif;pGmjzifh ... ]]igtazu ighudk pGefYvTwfvdkufNyD? igudkawGU&if owfvdrfhr,f? igh tazrsKd;½kd;udk igr,lbl;? ightaruvnf; ightwGufaMumifh aooGm;&wm? igu ½kyfvnf;qdk;w,f? 'gaMumifh ighudk ]½kyfqdk;r} vkdYyJ olwkdY ac:ovkdyJ ac:aygh}} usef;[lusif;u tHhMovsuf ... ]]eifu ...eifh tazudk aoatmifvkyfr,f [kwfvm;? b,fjzpfEdkifrSmvJ}} rdef;uav;u oufjyif;csufvsuf ... ]]'Dudpöudk ajym&if t&SnfMuD;yJ? ighrSm tarESpfa,muf &Sdw,f? ightart&if;u r,m;MuD;? 'gayr,fh om;orD; rxGef;um;bl;? ightazu aemufxyf rdef;rwpfa,mufudk ,lvkdufw,f? 'kwd,rdef;ru tpfudk ESpfa,mufarG;w,f? tpfr wpfa,mufarG;w,f? tazu 'kwd,rdef;rudk odyfcspfw,f? aemufrS taru ighudk yçpm;ray;bl;aygh? aemufNyD; igh&JU 'kwd,tar&JU tdrfaxmifpku emrnfMuD;qdkawmh olutarhudk tNrJwrf; tEdkifusifhwmyJ? tpfudkeJY tpfruvnf; ighudk tNrJwrf; ½kdufESufw,f? 'Dawmh igu b,fvkdvkyf&awmhrSmvJ}} usef;[lusif;u ... ]]eifhtaz w&m;rQw&rSmaygh}} xkdtcg rdef;uav;u ... ]]ightazu wpfzufowfaevdkY igu a'goxGufNyD; igh&JU 'kwd, tarudk owfypfvkdufwmaygh}} usef;[lusif;\ EIwfrS tmar!dwf jyKrdNyD; ai;aMumif oGm;avawmhonf/ þvkd rdef;uav;wpfa,mufu olr\ rdaxG;udkyif owf0Hhonf qdkonfudkrl ol vHk;0 rarQmfvifhcJhacs/ odkYaomf rdef;uav;udk,fwkdifu þudpöudk ajymjypOfwGifrl rdef;uav;\ trlt&monf at;pufvGef;NyD; bmrS rjzpfouJhodkY ajymaeojzifh olu ykdíyif tHhMordavonf/ rdef;uav;u jznf;nif;pGm qufí ajymaerdonf/ ]]ightaru ighu ighrdaxG;udk owfwmudkawGUawmh igawmh ysm;tHk ukd wkwfeJY xkd;csrdovdk jzpfNyDqkdNyD; ighukd csufcsif; xGuaf jy;ckid ;f awmh wmaygh? 'gayr,fh olwYdk u ighukd rdvu kd w f ,f? 'geJY ightaru ighukd u,fzYkd twGuef YJ olYudk,fol owfaovkdufw,f? uJ ...ajymprf;? ightar &JU toufudk igowfwmyJ r[kwfvm;? wu,fvkdY ightazu ighudk awGU&if rowfbJaerSmvm;}} xkdpum;udk Mum;aomf usef;[lusif;onf &ifwxdwfxdwf ckefoGm; rdavonf/ olY pdwfxJwGifvnf; ... ]]ig b0uHu raumif;awmh tazeJY tar[m tapmMuD;uwnf;u uG,fvGefoGm;cJhw,f? 'gayr,fh tazeJYtaru ighudk cspfw,f? oem;w,f? 'D rdef;uav;eJY pm&if igu trsm;MuD; uHaumif;w,fvkdY qkd&rSmaygh}} xdktcg usef;[lusif;onf rdef;uav;tay:wGif ydkí Muifem oem;rdvmavonf/ olu nifompGmjzifh ... ]]eif ...tdrfu xGufvmwm b,favmufMumNyDvJ[if? b,fES,fh vkyf wpfa,mufwnf; oGm;vm ae&wmvJ[,f}} rdef;uav;u acgif;wndwfndwf vkkyfNyD; ... ]]odyfawmhMumNyD}} 403
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]eif ...tck b,foGm;OD;rvdkYvJ}} ]]igvJ rodbl;? ightaz? ightpfudk? ightpfrawGeJY rawGU&&if awmfNyD}} usef;[lusif;onf rdef;uav;ESifh pum;ajym&if;u rdef;uav;\ b0rSm rdrd\ b0ESifh wlvGef;ojzifh rdef;uav;tay:wGif ydkí cifrif &if;ESD;rl &Sdvmavonf/ xkdYaMumifh olu ... ]]ighajcaxmuf aumif;oGm;vdkY &Sd&if ig eifhudk tazmfvkyfNyD; [kd a,mufusm;av;udk oGm;&Smay;r,f? ig olYudk ar;r,f? bmjzpfvkdY eifhudk 'Dvkd qufqH&wmvJvdkY}} rdef;uav;u ... ]]wu,fvkdU olu ighudk xyf½kdufae&ifaum}} usef;[lusif;u &ifudk aumhí ... ]][if; ...olom eifhudk wpfcsufxd&ifav igu olYudk enf;enf;rS n§mrSm r[kwfbl;}} ]]olu ighudk ta&;rpdkufbJ pum; wpfcGef;rS rajymbJ aeae&ifaum}} usef;[lusif;rSm ½kwfw&uf rajzEkdif/ twefMum ai;idkifae NyD;rS..... ]]ig wwfEkdifoavmuf MudK;pm;&rSmaygh}} xkdtcg rdef;uav;onf wpfudk,fvHk; vIyfcgoGm;atmif &,farm vdkufavonf/ olronf avmuwGif t&,f&qH;k aom pum;udk Mum; vdu k &f ovdyk if tm;yg;w& &,fvu dk jf cif;yif jzpfygonf/ usef;[lusif; u tHMh ovsuf ... ]][Jh ...igpum;u bmrsm; &,fp&m aumif;aevdkYvJ}} rdef;uav;u &,farm&if;rSyif ... ]]½kyfqkd;av;? eifu bmaumifrdkvdkY olrsm;u eifh&Jh pum;udk em;axmif&rSmvJ? igu olYudk ae&mwum &Smwm &SmvkdYudk rawGUbl;? eifuaum olYudk &SmawGUEkdifrSmrdkYvkdYvm;? eifu bmrsm; tpGrf;tp &SdvdkYvJ? [m; ...[m; ...[m; ...}} usef;[lusif;u zGifh[ ajymvkdufcsif\/ odkYaomf ol rajzbJ aevdkufonf/ olY rsufESmrSmrl eD&Jvsuf ... rdef;uav;onf &Suf½GHUoGm;aom olY rsufESmudk Munfhvsuf &,fjcif;udk &yfNyD; ... ]]eif...bmajymcsifvdkYvJ}} ]]eifu ighudk &,faeOD;r,f? ig rajymawmhbl;}} xkdtcg rdef;uav;u at;pufpGmjzifh ... ]][if; ...&,fvJ &,fcJhNyD;NyDyJ? tvGefqHk; aemufxyf &,f½HkyJaygh raoEkdifygbl;}} usef;[lusif;u atmfí ... ]]rdef;uav; igu eifhudk 'Davmuf apwemxm;vsufeJY eifu ighudk &,fw,f? 'gawmh raumif;ygbl;}} rdef;uav;u ... ]]ig eifudk ar;r,f? eifu ighudk bmajymrvdkYvJ}} usef;[lusif;u ... ]]eifu wpfa,mufwnf; oGm;vmae&w,fqadk wmh igeJY b0wl awGyaJ ygh? ighrmS taztar r&Sb d ;l ? nDtpfukd armifErS vJ r&Sb d ;l ? 'gaMumifh igu eifukd ajymrvkYd ? wu,fvYdk [kad umifav;u eifu h kd aemufxyf ta&;rpdu k b f ;l qk&d if igu eifhudk igh&JU tazmfjyKNyD; twlwl oGm;zkdY vmzdkY ajymrvdkYyJ? eifu igeJY rwefbl;ajymvkdY iguvJ rajymcsif awmhygbl;}} rdef;uav;u a'gooHjzifh ... ]]eifu igeJU b,fwefrvJ? [kdaumifav;u eifhxuf trsm;MuD; omw,f? ig tck eifeJY bmpum;ajymwm tysif;ajyrvm;vdkY vmajymwm[Jh? [ifh tckrS wu,fh N*dKvfaumifeJY vmawGUaew,f}} olronf xkdodkY pdwfqdk;rmefqkd; ajymNyD;? jcif;awmif;udk ajcaxmuf jzifh uefxkwfypfvkdufonf/ xkdYaemuf rsufESmudk vufjzifh tkyfí ta0; odkY xGufajy;oGm;avonf/ usef;[lusif;url onfodkY tajymcH&aomfvnf; pdwfrqdk;acs/ olY pdwfxJwGifrl ... ]]'D rdef;uav;u odyfudk oem;p&m aumif;aeygvm;? olY&ifxJrSm odyf tcH&cufaeyHkyJ}} 404
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usef;[lusif;onf aemufxyf ESpf&ufrQ vJavsmif;aejyefonf/ xkdpOf ajr;acG;wpfaumifonf tpm&Sm&if; use;f [lusi;f tem;odYk csO;f uyfvm&m use;f [lusi;f u vuf0g;apmif;jzifh ckwo f wfNyD; tpm tvdYk imS pm;vdu k af vonf/ þodkYjzifh aemufxyf oHk;av;&ufrQ Mumvmavonf/ usef;[lusif;\ ajcaxmufrSmvnf; wpf0ufcefY aumif;rGef oufomvmonf/ aemufxyf ckESpf&uf &Spf&ufcefY MumvQifrl vrf;avQmufí &ayvdrfh jzpfygonf/ xdkpOfwGifyif olonf rdef;uav;tm; owdw& &Sdaejyefonf/ odkYaomf usef;[lusif;onf rdef;uav;\ trnfudkyif odcGifhr&cJhay/ xkdn ol tdyfarmusaeckduf olY em;xJodkY ESif;ajray:rS vSrf;avQmuf vmaom toHrsm;udk Mum;&ojzifh csufcsif; Edk;vmavonf/ ,cktcsdefwGif usef;[lusif;onf aepMum odkif;usifhpOfudk usifhvmcJh&m twGif;tm;rSm tqifhoHk;odkYyif a&muf&SdaeNyD jzpfygonf/ tqifhtjrifhqHk;aom eHygwfwpfq,f tqifhodkY a&muf&ef twefyif vkdao;aomfvnf; olYtwGif;tm;rSm tjcm;olESifh ,SOfvdkufvQif vGefpGm jrifhrm;aeavNyD/ xdkYaMumifh ol\ udkufig;q,fywfvnfrS wpfpHkwpfck vIyf&Sm;oHudkyif xifxif&Sm;&Sm; Mum;Ekdifavonf/ ,ckvnf; olu ESif;ajrawG eif;avQmufvmoHudk Mum;í udk,ftay:ydkif;udk rwfum xkdifvkdufonf/ odkYaomf ajcaxmufrSmrl rvIyf&Sm;Ekdifay/ acgif;armhí vSrf;Munfhvdkufaom tcgwGifrl vlckESpfa,mufcefY avQmufvmonfudk awGU&avonf/ a&SUqHk;rS avQmufvmolrSm tusnf;wefrav; jzpfNyD; olr\ aemufbufrS vlajcmufa,mufrSmrl ,yfawmif wpfacsmif;udk jzefYxm; ouJhodkY olrtm; 0kdif;xm;aom yHkoP²mefjzifh avQmufvmavonf/ olwkdYonf rdef;uav;u olwdkYtem;rS xGufajy;oGm;rnfudk pdk;&drfae ouJhodkYyif/ usef;[lusif;\ pdwfxJü ... ]]olYudk olYtazESifh tpfudk tpfrawGu zrf;rsm; zrf;rdvkdufNyDvm;? b,fvkdaMumifh ighqDukd avQmufvm Muwmygvdrfh}} xkdpOfrSmyif xkdoltm;vHk; olYtem;odkY a&mufvmavonf/ usef;[lusif;u rdef;uav;aemufrS vlajcmufa,muftm; MunfhvkdufaomtcgwGifrl tMuD;tus,f wkefvIyfoGm;rdavonf/ taMumif;rl xkd vlajcmufa,muf pvHk;udk ol odaeaomaMumifhyif jzpfygonf/ b,fbufwGif [lcsif;ESifh olr\ rdcif [lvuf? NyD; olrESifh *dkPf;wl tpfudk a0hyd/ nmbufwGif cGef;vGef*dkPf;csKyfMuD; [dkxkdufcsKH;ESifh olY ZeD; pl;&Sif/ tv,fwGifawmhrl touf oHk;q,fcefY&Sd 0gar*dkPf;rS wifrif;/ rSefonf/ olY a':av; usda&Smifrltm; ESdyfpufí raumif;MuHcJhaom wifrif;yif jzpfygonf/ usef;[lusif; tMuD;tus,f wkefvIyfoGm;onf ESifhtrQ pdwfxJrSvnf; ... ]]'Drdef;uav;u b,fES,fvkyf? 'DvlawGeJY od&wmygvdrfh? olvJ odkif;avmuxJu okdif;orm; wpfa,mufyJvm;? olu ightaMumif;udk odoGm;vkdY 'DvlawGudk ac:vmNyD; igh&JU tazMuD; &SufpGef;&JU ae&yfudk ar;rvkdY xifw,f}} olu xkdodkY awG;rdaomtcg wkefvIyfoGm;rdjyefonf/ wpfaMumif;wnf;aomf xdkvlrsm;onf odkif;ynm vGefpGm awmfMuolrsm; jzpfaMumif; olodxm;½Hkru ,ck tcsdefwGif oluvnf; rvIyfEkdif r&Sm;Ekdifjzpfaeojzifh olwdkYESifh rnfodkYrQ r,SOfEkdifaMumif; olodavonf/ xkdYaMumifh olu pdwfxJrS a&½Gwfvkdufrdonf/ ]]igu igharG;pm;tazqDodkY olwdkYudk ac:oGm;r,fvdkY wrif[efaqmif ajymNyD;awmh ighajcaxmuf aysmufoGm;wmeJY 'DaumifawGudk aumif;aumif; wkdufckdufypfvkdufr,f}} rSefonf/ vGefcJhaom av;ESpfausmf umv uomqdkvQif usef;[lusif;onf toufyifaoao þodkYaom atmufusKdU[efaqmifaom tvkyfrsKd;udkvkyf&ef pOf;yif pOf;pm;rnfr[kwf/ ,ckrl olonf touft½G,f &vmonfESihftrQ csifhcsdef pOf;pm;wufvmNyD jzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh olonf rnfodkYrQ aMumifhMujcif; r&SdawmhbJ jyefvnfí vSJtdyfvdkufaeavonf/ xkdpOf rdef;uav;onf olYa&SUwGif twefMum &yfNyD; olYudk NidrfoufpGm Munfhaerdavonf/ NyD;vQif wdk;nif;pGm ouf jyif;csí wpfbufodkY rsufESmvTJvkdufavonf/ 406
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usef;[lusif;onf wd;k nif;aom rde;f uav;\ oufjyif;csoHukd Mum;vku d &f avonf/ xko d ufjyif;csoHonf av;xJwGif aqG;jrnfhaMuuGJaom cHpm;csufrsm; NyGrf;wD;vQuf &Sdaeonfudk awGUxd cHpm;vkduf &onf/ xkdpOf a0hydonf vufxJrS "m;udk wpfcsufrQ qçí ceJYNyHK; NyHK;um... ]]rif;u aocgeD;rSm vlwpfa,mufeJY awGUcsifygw,fvdk ajymvkdY igu vlacsmav; wpfa,mufeJYrsm; awGUzdYk vm;vdYk rSwyf gw,f? vufpowfawmh ud½k yk q f ;kd eJY awGUzkYd u;kd ? [m; ...[m; ...[m; ...&,fp&m aumif;vdu k w f muGm? tif; ...rif;wdkY ESpfa,mufuawmh wu,fvJ a&SUoGm; aemufvkduf nDygayw,fa[h? [m; [m; [m;}} rdef;uav;u pdwfrqdk;/ rwkefrvIyf trlt&mjzifh ... ]][kwfw,f? ig raocifrSm oleJY awGUcsifao;w,f? ig olYudk ar;p&m wpfck&Sdao;vdkY? 'Dtajzudk Mum;NyD;awmhrS ig aoaysmfygNyD}} usef;[lusif;rSm em;axmif&if; em;½Iyfvmonf/ ol xifcJhonfESifh wjcm;pD jzpfaeonf r[kwfygvm;/ ,ck ...þvl ajcmufa,mufrSm rdef;uav;tm; owfjzwf&ef vkdufvmjcif; jzpf[efwlonf/ odkYaomf olronf rdrdudk vmawGUNyD; pum;wpfcGef; ar;OD;rnfwJh/ odkYjzihf olu ... ]]rdef;uav; bmudpöudk ar;rvkdYvJ}} ]]ig eifhudk wpfckar;r,f? eif rSefrSef ajz&r,faemf}} ]]igeJoufqkdifwJh udpöqdk&if ig rSefrSefajzr,f? olrsm; udpöqdk&if awmh ig rajzEkdifbl;}} usef;[lusif;u þodkY ajymvkdufjcif;rSm rdef;uav;u ol\ arG;pm;zcif &SufpGef;taMumif;udk ar;vmrnf pdk;aomaMumifhyif jzpfygonf/ rdefuav;u ceJYNyHK; NyHK;í ... ]]olrsm;&JU udpöqdk&if igu bmjzpfvdkYar;&rSmvJ? ig wpfckeifhudk ar;r,f? eif igeJY tazmfvkyfcsifw,f qkdwmu eifh&ifxJu wu,f ajymwmvm;}} xkdpum;aMumifh usef;[lusif;u vl;vJí xkdifvkdufonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGifyif olr\ aMuuGJaeaom rsufvHk;rsm;udk awGUaomf ... ]]ig wu,f ajymwmyg}} [k ajzvkdufavonf/ xkdtcg rdef;uav;u ... ]]'Dvdkqdk&if eifu ig ½kyfqkd;wmudk cGifhvTwfNyD; igeJY wpfoufvHk; aygif;oif; aexkdifrSmvm;}} usef;[lusif; bmjyefajym&rSef; rod jzpfoGm;onf/ olu xpfxpf aighaighjzifh ... ]]ig ...rpOf;pm;bl;}} þwGif a0hydESifh [lcsif;wdkYu w[m;[m; &,farm vkdufMuavonf/ NyD;vQif a0hydu ... ]]'D t½kyfqdk;av;uawmif eifhvkd rdef;rrsKd;udk r,lcsifbl;wJh? 'Dawmh igwkdYu rif;udk rowfwmawmif rif;bmom owfaozkdY aumif;aeNyD}} [k ajymavonf/ rdef;uav;onf ½kwfjcnf; acgif;iHkum idkaeavaomf usef;[lusif; pdwfvIyf&Sm;oGm;avonf/ xkdpOf usef;[lusif;onf ol\ aMuuGJzG,f aumif;aom b0ukd jyefvnf owd&vmonf/ xkdtcg þrdef;uav;rSm olYxufyif ydkí uHqdk;aeonfudk awGU&avonf/ olronf xkdpum;av;wpfcGef;udk ar;&ef twGuf olYqDodkY a&mufvmcJhjcif;yif r[kwfygvm;/ olY pdwfxJwGifvnf; ... ]]ighb0rSm taz? tar? tazMuD;? bdk;bdk;? OD;av;? OD;MuD; wdkYuvGJ&if b,folurS ighudk wu,f *½kkrpdkufcJhygbl;? tck 'Drdef;uav;uawmh igtay: wu,faumif;cJhw,f? ig oleJY twlwuG aygif;oif; aexkdif&if bmraumif;p&m &SdrSmvJ}} ol xkdokdY tawG;0ifaepOf rdef;uav;onf wpfudk,fvHk; wkef,ifvmNyD; olYtem;rS vSnfhxGufoGm;&ef jyKavonf/ xkdtcg olu rdef;uav;\ nmbufvufudk vSrf;qGJí atmfajymavonf/ ]]rdef;uav; ...ig wpfoufvHk; rif;eJY aygif;oif; aexkdifr,f}} xkdpum;udk Mum;aomf rdef;uav;\ rsufvHk;tpHkrSm ta&mif awmufvmavonf/ toH wkd;wdk;jzifhvnf; ... ]]eif ...ighukd rnmygbl;aemf}} 407
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]eifhudk ig rnmygbl;? 'DaeYupNyD; ig eifhudk apmifha&Smufr,f? *½kpdkufr,f? eifhudk 'ku©ay;r,fh vlawGudk igu toufpGefYNyD; ckcH umuG,fay;r,f}} usef ; [l u sif ; u xk d o d k Y qk d a omf rd e f ; uav;onf ol Y e H a b;wG i f xk d i f c sNyD ; ol Y v uf E S p f b uf u d k qkyfudkifvkdufonf/ NyD; olYrsufESmudk xl;qef;aom tMunfhjzifh Munhfaeavonf/ aemuf ½kwfw&uf ... ]]eifu ighukd rdef;r tjzpfeJY,lzkdY oabmwlwmudk ig odyf0rf;om ygw,f? 'gayr,fh vGefcJhwJh ESpfawGuwnf;u igh&JU pdwfudk olrsm;u ydkifoGm;NyD? [kdwkef;u ighukd ol ta&;rpdkufbl;? ighudk ½kdufw,f? udkuf w,f? tck olu igh&JU 'D½kyf&nfrsKd;udk awGU&if ighudk ydkNyD; rkef;rSmyJ? 'gayr,fh 'Daoemaumifudk ig rarhEkdifygbl;}} usef;[lusif;u rdef;uav; qdkvdkaom vli,fudk odonf/ olr onf xkdvli,ftm; ]aoemaumif} [k qdkvdkufaomfvnf; olr\ avxJwGif vGefpGm vGrf;qGwf owd&aom toHrsKd; jzpfay:aeonfudk odvdkuf&onf/ usef;[lusif;onf xkdpum;udk Mum;aomf &ifxJwGif rcHcsd rcHom jzpfvmavonf/ xkdpOf [lcsif;u Mum;0ifí at;pufpGm qkdavonf/ ]]uJ ...rif; ajymp&m ukefNyD? xawmh}} rdef;uav;u jzif;nif;pGm xNyD; usef;[lusif;tm; ... ]]ig ao&awmhr,f? ig raovJ igu eifhudk r,lygbl;? igu eifh&JU pum;udk Mum;csifvkdY wrifowfowf vmcJhwmyg? eif ighudk pdwfrqdk;ygbl;aemf}} rdef;uav;\ toHrSm vGefpGm El;nhH odrfarGUavonf/ xkdpOf [dkxdkufcsKH;\ ZeD; pl;&Sifu ... ]]tck rif;ajymprf;? [kdvl b,frSmvJ}} xkdtcg rdef;uav;u ... ]]aumif;NyD ...uRefrajymr,f? [kdvlYudk a[m'Dvl&JU tdrfrSm 0Sufxm;w,f}} [k ajymNyD; [lvufudk vufnd§K;xkd;jyvkdufavonf/ [lvufrSm rsufESmwpfcsuf ysufoGm;NyD; ... ]]rif; bmawG avQmufajymaewmvJ}} a0hydu Mum;0ifí ... ]]ig ar;r,f? rif;u igh nDrav; usL;usif;udk bmjzpfvkdY owfypf vdkuf&wmvJ? b,folu ckdif;wmvJ}} xkdpum;aMumifh usef;[lusif; wpfudk,fvHk; ausmuf½kyfvkd at;pufoGm;avonf/ xkdpOf rdef;uav;u ... ]]ighudk owfcdkif;wJh vluawmh a[m'D cGef;vGef *dkPf;csKyfJMuD; vifr,m;eJY 0gar*dkPf; rsufMuG,fq&mr ygyJ}} ]][Jh ...aumifr? igwdkYudk eifu &efwkdufay;w,f ayghav? udkif;[m}} [lqufu ajymajymqkq d dk vuf0g;apmif;jzifh rde;f uav;tm; ½ku d cf svku d af vonf/ [lquf\ vuf0g;tm;rSm jyif;vSonf/ rde;f uav;u xkv d uf0g;tm;udk wku d ½f u kd f rckc&H /J a&Smifwrd ;f ½Hk ay;vku d o f nf/ olr\ a&Smifwrd ;f [efrmS oGuv f uf zswfvwfonfEiS t hf rQ ajcvuf vIy&f mS ;rlrsm;rSm eufecJ ufcv J aS om tuGurf sm;jzpfonf/ ,if;udk jrifaomf usef;[lusif;u ... ]]vwfpowfawmh ...'Drdef;uav;[m odkif;orm; wpfa,mufyJudk;? olu bmjzpfvkdY usL;usif;ukd owfypfvkduf&wmvJ/ usL;usif;u ighudk n§nf;yef; ESdyfpufcJhrSef;odvkdY wrif oGm;owfvkdufwmvm;}} usef;[lusif;\ tawG;rQif rjywfcif rdef;uav;tm; a0hydESifh [lcsif;wdkYu "m;vGwfudk,fpDjzifh 0kdif;ywfí w&Murf; wkdufckdufMuavonf/ okdYwap rdef;uav;onf [lvuf\ vuf0g;apmif; ½kdufcsufrsm;udkom tav;xm;NyD; a0hydESifh [lcsif;wdkY\ "m;csufrsm;udkrl tvQOf;rQyif *½krpdkufacs/ olronf [lvuf\ tm;ygvSaom ½ku d cf sufrsm;udk yGwu f moDum a&Smifwrd ;f &if; vQyfjyufovkd [lcsif;ab;odYk a&mufomG ; NyD; ]jzef;} ceJU ½ku d cf sufEiS t hf wl [lcsif;"m;udk vk,lvkdufavonf/ þwGif a0hydESifh [lvufwdkYonf txdwfwvefY ckeftkyfNyD; [lcsif;udk u,fwif&ef jyKavonf/ xkdtcg rdef;uav;u tcGifhta&;udk vufvGwfrcHbJ ],m;} ceJ nmoHay;NyD; vufxJrS "m;udk vIyf&Sm;vkdufavonf/ þwGif [lcsif;\ rsufESmay:ü aoG;eDaMumif;wpfck xif;ceJY ay: vmNyD; [lcsif;onf pl;pl;0g;0g; atmfoHESifhtwl t½kyfMudK;jywfovkd vJusoGm;avawmhonf/ 408
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; pifppf [lcsif;\ 'Pf&mrSm jyif;xefvSonf r[kwfayacs/ olronf ½kyf&nf acsmarmjcif;? vSyjcif;udk rufarmvGef;ol jzpfavonf/ xkdYaMumifh rdef;uav;\ "m;csufonf olYrsufESmtm; ½kyfysufqif;ysuf jzpfoGm;aprnfudk tpdk;&drf vGefvsuf pdwfacsmufcsm;um vJusoGm;jcif; jzpfayonf/ xkdtcsdefwGif [lvufu rdef;uav;\ aemufausmrS 0ifa&mufwkdufckduf vmjyefonf/ rdef;uav;uvnf; ½kwfjcnf;yif [lvuf\ wdkufuGufudk a&Smifwdrf;&if; rsufESmcsif;qdkifrS 0ifvmaom a0hyd\ "m;udkyif vGifhpifoGm;atmif wkdufckdufvkdufavonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyif [lvufu rdef;uav;\ nmbuf ajcaxmufwiG &f adS om taMumpHu k kd vufnKd§ ;jzifh qwfceJ xd;k ydwv f u dk af vonf/ þwGif rde;f uav;vnf; rwfrwfyif r&yfEkdifawmhbJ ]tifh} ceJ toHESifhtwl usef;[lusif;\ ukd,fay:odkY yHkvsufom; vJusoGm;avawmhonf/ rarQmfvifah om tjzpftysufaMumifh owd0ifvmaom [lcsif;onf a0hy\ d "m;udk qwfceJ aumuf,v l u kd Nf yD; rdk;Ncdrf;oHvkd [pfatmfvsuf... ]]'Daumifrudk ckcsufcsif; rowfao;bl;/ olYajcaxmufudk jzwfNyD; xm;cJhr,f? 'grS n a&mufwmeJ 'Daumifr ajracG;pm jzpfr,f}} ajymajymqkdqkd [lcsif;onf "m;udk yifhaNr§mufvkdufavonf/ þwGif rde;f uav;\ ajcay:usa&mufawmhrnfh "m;csuu f kd vsijf refpmG [lvufu 0ifa&muf [efYwm;vku d Nf yD; rdef;uav;tm; ppfar;vkdufonf/ ]]uJ ...rif;jrefjrefajymprf;? usL;usif;udkowfzdkY rif;udk b,fol ckdif;wmvJ}} rdef;uav;onf ½GHUxdwf[ef ESrf;aphrQyif r&SdbJ rxdw&D NyHK; vsuf ... ]]&SifwkdYu tusyfudkifvmrSawmh ZmwfpHk ajym&awmhrSmaygh&Sif? [if; ...[if; wu,fawmh usL;usif;[m a,mufusm;wpfa,mufudk MudKufaew,f? wpfcsdefwnf;rSm rdef;rESpfa,mufu a,mufusm;wpfa,mufudk NydKifwl MudKufaeMuw,f qdkawmh? [if; ...[if; ...&nfpm; vllvk tlEkuRJcwf qdkovkdaygh&Sif? rdef;uav;ESpfa,muf[m wpfa,muf udkwpfa,muf remvkd0efwkd pddwfawG yGm;rsm;vmNyD; NydKifbuf rdef;uav;u usL;usif;udk owfypfzkdY uRefrudk ckdif;vdkufwmygyJ ? [if; ...[if; ...[if; ...tJ'Dawmh? 'DudpörSm uRefru ...}} rdef;uav;\ pum;u qHk;cef;rwkdifcifcJhay/ [lcsif;onf Mum;&aom pum;aMumifh a'goxGufum vQyfjyufovkd ½kwfceJxí rdef;uav;\ &if0wnfhwnhfudk "m;jzifh xkd;csvdkufavonf/ wu,fawmh rdef;uav;onf [lcsif;\ w&d&d n§Of;yef;jcif;udk rcHvkday/ w&d&d n§Of;yef;jcif;xuf wpfcsufwnf; towfcHvkduf&onfu ydkaumif;onf[k awG;um [lcsif;\a'gorD;ukd [kkef;ceJ awmufatmif qGay;vkdufjcif;om jzpfayonf/ ol\ y&d,m,fausmhuGif;odkY [lcsif;0ifvmonf rSefaomfvnf; rdef;uav; uHaumif;aeao;onf[k qkd&rnfvm;rod? [lcsif;xdk;vdkufaom "m;zsm;onf rdef;uav;\ &if0ay:ra&muf tm;ygvGef;aom t&m0w¦Kwpfckonf "m;zsm;udk vma&muf xdrSefoGm;onf/ "m;ESifh t&m0w¦K xdawGUoHESifhtwl [lcsif;vufxJrS "m;onf ta0;qDodkY vGifhpOfoGm;awmhonf/ þwGif rdef;uav;udk ywf0kdif;xm;olrsm; tm;vHk; wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;um aemufodkY qkwfcGmoGm;Muonf/ olwkdY\ pdwfESvHk;twGif;odkY wpfNydKifeufwnf; 0ifa&mufvmaomtodrSm odkif;ynm tqifhjrifhvGef; vSaom vlwpfOD;wpfa,mufonf rdef;uav;bufrS ,kdif;yif;ulnDaeNyD[laom todyif jzpfygonf/ ,if;aMumifhvnf; olwdkYonf wkefvIyf acsmufcsm;pdwfjzifh ywf0ef;usifudk avhvm pl;prf;vkdufMuonf/ þae&m þa'o\ ywf0ef;usif;wpfckvHk;wGif ckdp&muyfp&m opfyif csHKykwf[lívnf; wpfEG,fwpfrQif wpfyifwavyif r&S/d olwYdk tm;vH;k ajccs&m wpfciG w f pfjyifv;kH onf uEÅ&ES,f [mvm[if;vif; jzpfonf/ xkYd aMumifh [lvufonf wtHhwMoESifh ... ]]o...rD ; ? b,f . ..b,f v k d j zpf w mvJ } } [k xpf a igh o H E S i f h ar;vd k u f \ / [l c sif ; vnf ; OD ; aES m uf acsmufcsm;oGm;[efESifh ... ]]tif; ...pOf;awmh pOf;pm;&cufom;yJ? orD;vufxJu "m;udk jyif;xefvGef;wJ vQKdU0Sufypönf;wpfck vmrSefwmawmh trSefyJ? 'gaMumifh vufxJu "m;vGifhoGm;awmhaygh}}
409
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412
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xkdtcg usef;[lusif;rSm rSifwufrdovkd jzpfoGm;onf/ ,if; trnfudk ol Mum;zl;ovkdvdk &Sdaeonf/ b,ft&yf? b,fa'o? b,ftcsdef? b,ftcgu Mum;cJh odcJhavonfudk ol roday/ ol rSwfÓPf enf;aeonf/ pOf;pm;onf/ twefMumatmif pOf;pm;onf/ odkYaomf ol rrSwfrdacs/ ]]'Demrnfudk ightaru rSnfhxm;wmyg? olu ighudk yifhulvufñId; odkif; oif;ay;aewkef;u 'Demrnfudk rSnfhay;cJhwmyJ}} ]]yifhul vufñId;odkif;}} [laom toHudk Mum;vkduf&onfESifh usef;[lusif;\ cE¨mudk,fxJrSm qwfceJ wkefoGm;onf/ &ifonfvnf; wxdwfxdwf ckefvmonf/ rdef;uav;um; olY pum;udkol tquf rjywf ajymaeqJ/ ]]igu 'D ynmudk i,fi,fuwnf;u oifMum;avhusifhcJhwm[? 'gayr,fh tqifhjrifhjrifh atmifjrifzdkYawmh odyfvdkaeao;w,f? qufNyD; avhusifhNyD; atmifjrifcJh&ifawmh [dk ...rsufMuG,f *dkPf;csKyfMuD;udkvJ aMumufzdkY rvkdawmhygbl;/ eif tJ'D ynmudk rMunhfcsifbl;vm;}} usef;[lusif;u acgif;cg acgif;ndwfyif rjyK&ao;/ rdef;uav;u olY&iftwGif;rS bl;uav;wpfbl;udk qGJxkwfvkdufonf/ tzHk;udk zGifhvdkufaomtcg xkdbl;xJü vufrt½G,fcefY &Sdaom yifhulESpfaumifudk awGUvkduf &avonf/ xl;jcm;onfum; xkyd ifu h rl sm;\ aemufausmwGif ta&mifpkH ta&;taMumif;rsm; ,Sujf zmvsuf &Sad eonf/ ,if;ta&mifrsm;rSm vGefpGm awmufyvsuf &SdaeMuonf/ þwGif ruao;? omref yifhulrsm;wGif ajcaxmuf &Spfacsmif;om &Sdaomfvnf; ,ck awGUjrifae&aom yifhulESpfaumifum; ajcaxmuf wpfq,hfESpfacsmif; &Sdaeonfudk awGUvkduf&onf/ usef;[lusif;onf xkdyifhulrsm;udk Munhfae&if;rS orm;awmfMuD; [dkcsif;\ ZeD;jzpfol 0rf;eeful;u olYudk ay;xm;cJhaom tqdyfusrf; aygif;csKyfMuD;udk ajy;í owd&vkdufonf/ ]]yifhul\ aemufausmwGif a&mifpHk ta&;taMumif;rsm; &SdaeNyD; ,if;ta&mifrsm; awmufyaeygu vGefpGm tqdyfjyif;\/ xkdYjyif ajcaxmufrsm;rSm q,facsmif; &SdcJhvQif tvGefw&m tqdyfjyif;vGef;\/ xkdyifhulwkdY udkufjcif; cH&vQif ukpGrf;Ekdifaom aq;r&Sd}} ,ck awGUae&aom yifhulESpfaumifum; ajcq,facsmif;yif ru wpfq,fhESpfacsmif;txdyif &Sdaeonf/ þwGifru tqdyfusrf; aygif;csKyfMuD;xJwGif ryg/ odkYjzpfvQif þyifhul ESpfaumif\ tqdyfjyif;xefrIonf pOf;pm; awG;ac:íyif &EkdifthHrnf rxifawmh/ tm;vDrSm usef;[lusif;\ rsufESmjyifwGif aMumuf½GHU[ef tHhMo[efrsm; jzpfay:aeonfudk awGU&onfESifh tNyHK;vJhvJh NyHK;um ... ]]b,fqkd;vdkYvJ? ighyifhulawG tqdyfjyif;w,f qkdwm eifem;vnf aeovkdyJ? [if; ...[if; ...}} olronf bl;udk jyefydwfvkdufNyD; ... ]]uJ ...wkdY c&D;qufOD;pdkY? at;at;aq;aq; ae&ma&mufrS 'D yifhul awGtaMumif;udk ig &Sif;jyyghr,f}} pum;qHk;onfESifh olronf aumuf½dk;MudK;pudk qGJí ajy;jyef onf/ awmifajcwpfckodkY a&mufaomtcg usef;[lusif;udk az;rí vGwf&mwGif ae&mcsxm;vdkufNyD; xkdifcHkMudK;pudk qGJum ajy;jyefonf/ awmifeHab; acsmufteD;odkY a&mufaomtcg olronf qGJxm;aom aumuf½dk;MudK;udk t&SdefESifh vTwfvkdufavonf/ xkdtcg MudK;pESifh xkdifcHk onf t&Sdefjyif;pGmESifh acsmufxJodkY vGifhusoGm;avawmhonf/ pifppf awmh tm;vDu ajc&m azsmufvkdufjcif; jzpfygonf/ usef;[lusif;onf rdef;uav;\ tjyKtrludk ai;MunhfaepOfrSmyif rdef;uav;u olY tem; odkY a&mufvmavonf/ ]]uJ ...eif ighausmukef;ay: wufayawmh a[h}} ]]bmajymw,f?eifu ighudk csDykd;oGm;rvdkYaygh? [kwfvm; eif odyf yifyef;aeNyD tm;vD}} rdef;uav;u pum;cGef;wHkU rjyefawmh/ rsufapmif;xkd;um pkduf Munhf&if; ... ]]ig yifyef;w,f ryifyef;wm ighudk,fig todqHk;yg}} usef;[lusif; bmrQ qufrajymawmh/ ajym&efvnf; vkdtyfawmh rnf r[kwf/ xkdYaMumifh olonf tm;vD\ aemufausmukd rSv D u dk &f if; vnfyif;udk zGz&G pfoikd ;f í zufvu dk o f nf/ xkt d cg tm;vDu [uf[uf yufyuf &,farmum ... ]]bmvJ[? eifvkyfyHku ighvnfyif; tpfrSmpdk;vkdY zGzGav; n§pfxm; wmvm;? ighrSmjzifh uoduatmifhjzpfvkdY}} 420
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; pifppf tm;vDonf yGifhvif;ajzmifhrwfol jzpfygonf/ tMuifem w&m;MuD;olvnf; jzpfygonf/ ,if;udk odjrifcpH m;vku d &f aom usef;[lusif;rSm tm;wuf0rf;ajrmufomG ;onfEiS t hf rQ zGzu G ikd ;f xm;aom vufukd cyfwif;wif; av;n§pfum &pfodkif;zufwG,fvkdufawmhonf/ þwGif udk,fae[efxm;rSefoGm;onfESifh tm;vDonf ½kwfw&uf ckefvdkufum opfudkif;wpfudkif;rS wpfudkif;? opfyifwpfyifrS wpfyif ull;oGm;avawmhonf/ aemufqHk; awmifukef;eHab;wpfckodkY a&mufrS ajray:odkY ckefqif; vkdufonf/ olr\ rsufESmum; vef;qef;½TifjrL;vsuf/ ]]]uJ ...wkdY 'Dae&mrSm EGm;wif;ukyfav;wpfck xkd;&atmif raumif; bl;vm;}}} ]][ ...EGm;wif;ukyfu bmvkyfzdkYwkef;}} tm;vDonf usef;[lusif;\ xHktt pum;aMumifh [uf[uf yufyuf &,farm&if; ... ]]EGm;wif;ukyfav;xdk;NyD; EGm;av;udk aecdkif;rvdkYaygh[? eifhemrnf u [if; ... [if; ... EGm; ... EGm;av;aygh? r[kwfvdkYvm;}} usef;[lusif;u ½Iwnfwnf rsufESmxm;ESifh ... ]]rvkdygbl;? ighajcaxmufu oHk;av;&ufqdk aumif;vmrSmyg? ight½dk;awG jyefqufoGm;ygNyD? MudK;pm;NyD; avQmuf&if &ygw,f}} ]][if; ... bmMudK;pm;NyD; avQmufrSmvJ? tcktwdkif;aewmawmif 'Davmuf½kyfqdk;aewJh Opöm? aemufxyf axmhusKd;axmhusKd; jzpfoGm;&if Munhf&Jp&mawmif &SdrSm r[kwfawmhbl;? olYudk,fol odyfvSw,frsm; xifaevdkYvm;? [if; ...[if; ...}} ajymajymqkdqkd tm;vDwpfa,muf teD;ywf0ef;usifudk &Sif;vif; ypfvkdufonf/ use;f [lusi;f onf rde;f uav;\ *½kwpdu k f jyKpkapmifah &SmufrrI sm;? tMuifempum;rsm;? ½d;k om;ajzmifrh wfrrI sm;? ponfwdkYudk awG;awm&if; pdwfvIyf&Sm;vsuf &Sdaeonf/ tcsdeftenf;i,f twGif;rSmyif ,SOfvsuf &Sdaom ausmufwHk;MuD; ESpfwHk;udk opf½Guf opfudkif;rsm;jzifh rdk;umvkduf onfESifh wJuav;oP²mef vkyfudkifNyD;pD;oGm;onf/ aemufqHk;taeESifh acgifrdk;ay:odkY ESif;yGifhESif;cJrsm;,lí zHk;tkyf xm;vkdufonf/ rde;f uav;onf jzwfx;dk ÓPf aumif;vSonf/ olY tpDtrH axmifah phvo S nf/ ,cktwkid ;f qdv k Qif ta0;qDu vSrf;Munfhvdkufaomfvnf; wJuav;udk wJuav;rSef; rodEkdifawmhay/ wJwif;ukyfuav;um; ESif;zHk;aom awmifurluav;tjzpf &SdaeNyD jzpfonf/ tm;vDonf ezl;rS pD;usvmaom acR;pufrsm;udk okwfoifNyD; usef;[lusif;udk olr\ ausmufwHk; wJwif;ukyfuav; twGif;odkY oGif; vkdufonf/ ]]uJ ...EGm;av;? eif 'DrSm at;at;aq;aq;eJh pdwfcsvufcs aeayOD;aemf? ig pm;p&m oGm;&SmvkdufOD;r,f [kwfvm;}} usef;[lusif;onf rdef;uav;udk Munhf&if; oem;oGm;onf/ olY tay: *½kpdkufvGef; vSaomaMumifhvnf; 0rf;om0rf;enf; ESpfrsKd;udk cHpm; vkduf&onf/ ]]tm;vD ...eif ...eif odyfyifyef;aeNyDvm;? cPwpfjzKwfawmh tem;,lvkdufprf;ygOD;? ig eifhudk tm;em vSygNyD[m ...}} ]]awmfprf;yg? vlqw dk m wpfa,mufukd wpfa,muf trSew f u,f oHa,mZOf &Sw d ,fq&kd if yg;pyfu ajymaevdYk tykdyJ? wu,f [kwf r[kwfqkdwm vufawGUuom tajzrSef ay;wmod&JUvm;}} rdef;uav;u vkd&if;udk &Sif;&Sif; jywfjywf ajymNyD;onfESifh tem;rS cGmvdkufonf/ usef;[lusif;rSm rdef;uav;udk ai;Munfh&if; rcsdwifuJ jzpfaeonf/ olronf pdwfESvHk; aumif;onfESifhtrQ ½dk;om; ajzmifhrwfol jzpfonf/ olr\ jyKrl vIyf&Sm;rIrsm;onf wpfbufvl\ pdwfESvHk;udk qkyfudkif zrf;pm;EkdifpGrf; &SdvSonf/ odkYaomf þrdef;uav;\ ½kyf&nf½lyumrSm ½kyfysufqif;ysuf jzpfaecJhNyDrdkY usef;[lusif;onf pdwfxJwGif tvGefyif xdckdufrdonf/
421
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442
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445
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447
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rsuf
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456
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; apmapmu rsuf
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466
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; &efa&mif tvGef pdwfysufaerdonf/ olY orD; &efa0onf i,f½G,f vSol rdef;uav; jzpfojzifh tajctae rSefudk oHk;oyfEkdifrnf r[kwfaMumif; &efa&mif odaeonf/ þtcef;twGif;ü aojcif;\ t&dyftaiGUrsm; zHk;vTrf; aeaMumif; &efa0 rod&Sday/ xdkYaMumifh &efa&mif a0'em cHpm;aeonfhMum;rS wif;wif;rmrmjzifh &efa0tm; ajymvkdufjyefonf/ ]]orD; azaz pum;em;axmifprf;? tjyifudk jrefjref oGm;vdkY ajymae w,f r[kwfvm;? oGm;prf; jrefjref}} olY zcif\ xl;jcm; wif;rmaom toHaMumifh &efa0onf vlpdrf; bufodkY vSnfhvkdufonf/ ]]bkef;MuD; &Sifu bmjzpfvkdY uRefr tazukd 'Pf&m&atmif vkyf&wmvJ? &Sifawmfawmf &ufpufygvm;}} xkdvlonf vIdufvSJrI vHk;0 rygaom r&,fcsif &,fcsif toHMuD; jzifh &,farmvkdufavonf/ ]]aMomf ...rif;u w,fvJ rsufpd&Sifygvm;? ighudk awmf½Hkwef½Hkvlu bkef;MuD;rSef; rodMubl;? rif;u awmfawmfuav; rsufpd&Sifaeawmh odvkdufwmayghav? [kwfvm;? 'Dawmh rif;udk touf&Sifvsuf xm;cJhvkdY rjzpfawmhbl;? uJ ...}} ajymajymqkdqkdESifhyif olonf &efa0udk vufñSKd;jzifh xkd;vkdufav awmhonf/ &efa&mif odvkdufonf/ &efa0om þvufñSKd;jzifh txdk;cHvkduf&ygu olYorD; yGJcsif;NyD; aoqHk;vdrfhrnfudk wyftyfaocsmpGm odvkduf& onf/ xkdYaMumifh olYorD; &efa0udk tcef;tjyifodkY a&mufoGm;atmif uefxkwf ypfvkdufawmhonf/ &efa&mif taejzifh tjrefqHk; &efa0udk u,fq,fvkdufjcif; jzpf aomfvnf; xkdol\ vufñSKd;url &efa0tm; xkd;rdjzpfatmif xkd;rdvkduf ao;onf/ odkYaomf ta&;MuD;aom aowGif;udk rxdk;rdojzifh touf ab;rS vGwfajrmuf oGm;cJ&h onf/ &efa0 tcef;tjyifbufoYkd 'Pf&m&vsuf a&muf&o dS mG ;jcif; jzpfaomfvnf; vH;k 0 pdwcf sí &Edik af o;onf r[kwfojzifh &efa&mifonf tHMudwf tm;wif;vsuf &efa0 xGufoGm;&m wHcg;udk ckefí ydwfxm;vdkuf&onf/ xkdvlpdrf;onf rckd;rcefY tNyHK;ESifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]][if; [if; [if; ? 'Daumifrav; igh&JU a&cJvufñSKd;'Pfudk aumif;aumif; cHoGm;&NyD? 'D'Pf&meJY ao&rSm rkcsy?J ol aemufxyf oH;k &ufavmufyJ touf&iS Ef idk af wmhrmS ? &efa&mif rif;u b,fq;dk vdYk v?J igh&UJ a&cJvufñKS ;d 'Pfukd 'DavmufcHxm;vsufeJY rwfwyf&yfEkdifao; wmudk;}} &efa&mifu ... ]]cifAsm;[m a&Smifvifausmif;&JU bkef;awmfMuD;udk; ? bGJUemrnf u ...}} ]]ighbGJUemrnfu ½Tifusif;yJ}} xkd tjyifrS ajymaeaom pum;udk tdwftwGif;ü &Sdaeaom usef;[lusif;u taotcsm em;axmifae&m ]½Tifusif;} [lonfh trnf udk Mum;vkduf&aom tcgwGifrl tMuD;tus,f wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;oGm; rdawmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh ol\ pdwfxJwGif ... ]]'Dbek ;f MuD;[m ighukd a&Smifvif aepMum odik ;f usifph Of oifay;wJh bke;f MuD;yJ? olu ighu, kd x f rJ mS tat;"mwf tqdyfawGrd aew,fqkdwm odvsufom;eJ igh&JU tjyifu taMum&SpfckpvHk;udk zGifhay;cJhwmvJ 'D bkef;MuD;yJ? awmfawmf aumifuspf qkd;0g;wJh bkef;MuD;? 'DtaMum&Spfckudk zGifhvdkufawmhrS ighudk,fxJu tat;"mwf tqdyfawGudk b,fvkd ukEkdif awmhrSmvJ? wpfoufvHk; tat;"mwf tqdyfoifhaeatmif vkyfwJh bkef;MuD; ? 'Dbkef;MuD;[m okdif;ynmuvJ tvGefawmf? qkd;½Gm; aumufuspfwJh ae&mrSmvnf; NydKifpH&Sm;qkdawmh tif; ...'Dwpfcgawmh tvif;rmef*dkPf; vHk;0 NydKuGJ&awmhrSm yguvm;}} xkdpOf &efa&mifu ajymvkdufonf/ ]]'DuGrf;rdefawmifay:udk tvif;*dkPf;MuD; ajcmuf*dkPf; wufvmMu NyD;? tvif;rmef*dkPf;eJ w&m;rQrQww ynm&Sif yDyDoo odkif;ynm wkdufcdkufMu&atmif vmcJhMuwmudk ig xifw,f? 'Dvkd cdk;aMumifckd;0Suf wkdufr,fh vlrsm; ygvmvdrfhr,fvkdYvJ rarQmfvihfcJhbl;? tck rif;wkdY a&Smifvif*dkPf;u ...}} &efa&mifonf ol\ pum;udk qHk;atmif rajymEkdifawmhacs/ aysmhacG vJusoGm;avawmhonf/ trSefpifppf &efa&mifonf ol\ pdwf"mwfudk tvGefwif;xm;ojzifhom þrQ ajymEkdifcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ omrefvl wpfa,muftzdkY þrQ rsm;jym;aom pum;vHk;rsm;udk ajymEkdifawmhrnf r[kwfacs/ 475
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; &efa&mif\ tjzpfudkMunhfNyD; ½Tifusif; bkef;MuD;onf w[m;[m; &,farmNyD; &efa&mifukd rcdk;rcefY ajymjyaeawmhonf/ ]]'Dwpfcgawmh rif;wkdY tvif;rmef*kdPf;[m igwkdY a&Smifvif*dkPf;&JU vufcsufeJY vHk;0 jydKuGJ&awmhr,fuG? odkif;avmurSm tvif;rmef*dkPf; qdkwm vHk;0 &Sdraeatmif igwkdYu zsufqD;jyvkdufr,f? [if; [if; [if;? w,fvJ w&m;usp&m aumif;ygvm;? rif;wkYd *P kd ;f rSm vlawmfawG trsm; MuD; pkaeMuwmyJ? 'gayr,fh wpfa,mufeYJ wpfa,muf aoG;pnf; nDnGwfrI qkdwm r&Sdawmh tif; ...aemufqHk;awmh 'DvdkyJ jydKuGJysufpD; &awmhrSmyJ? odyfawmhvJ rxl;qef;ygbl;av? wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf &efñSKd;zGJUNyD; udk,fhaowGif; udk,fwl;aeMuawmh igwdkYu jzdKzsuf&wm ydkvG,foGm;wmaygh}} bkef;MuD; ½Tif;usif;\ pum;rsm;onf aorif;cHwGif;0odkY a&mufae MuNyD jzpfonfh &efa&mifESifh csLxif;wkdY\ em;wGif;odkY 0ifa&mufoGm; avonf/ rSefvkdufavjcif;/ rdrdwkdYonf þ tESpfçESpfq,frQaom tcsdef umvtwGif; rnfonfh vkyfief; aqmifwmrsm;udk vkyfudkifcJhMuygoenf; rdrdwkdY vkyfudkifcJhMuonfh tvkyfonf wpfckwnf;om &SdcJhonf/ xkd wpfckwnf;rSm wjcm;r[kwf/ rdrdwkdY tcsif;csif; &efñSKd;zGJUaoG;uGJ owfjzwfaeMujcif;omwnf;/ aemifw qdo k nfrmS aemifrS &wufonfh todw&m;ygaywum;/ ,ckrl rdrw d Ydk tm;vH;k aovljzpfaeMuawmhrS rdrdwkdY\ trSm;rsm;udk jyefjrifrdMuawmhonf/ bkef;MuD; ½Tifusif;\ pum;rsm;onf jcGif;csufr&Sd rSefuefvSaMumif; wpfnDwpfnGwfwnf; todtrSwf jyKrdMuonf/ xkdY aMumifh csLxif;onf atmf[pfí ... ]]&efa&mif ...igaozdkYyJ aumif;awmhwmyJ? bmrS OD;aESmufr&SdwJh ig? b,fvdkyJ jzpfjzpf rif;om wkdY*dkPf;csKyf vkyfcJh&if ckvkd wpfuGJwpfjym; jzpfaewmxufawmh ydkaumif;OD;rSmyJ}} olwkdYonf trSefw&m;udkvnf; odjrifvkdufMuNyD/ aovkeD;yg; vnf; jzpfaeMuNyD jzpfonfhtavQmuf udk,fhtrSm; udk,f 0efcHMuvsuf ,lusKH;r& aemifw&vsuf &SdaeMuayNyD/ &efa&mifurl oabmxm;MuD;ol jzpfonfhtavQmuf rcsdNyHK;uav; NyHK;vsuf ajymvkdufonf/ ]]ig *dkPf;csKyfvkyfvkdY b,fjzpfrvJ csLxif;&m? ighrSm *dkPf;csKyf t&nftcsif;rS r&Sdwm? ighudk,fig odygw,f? igwdkY tm;vHk; rSm;MuwJh udpyö J? at; ...wdkYrSm;cJhvdkY 'Dvkd *dkPf;MuD; ysufpD;&wmqkdawmh wkdY&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD;u wkdYtay: cGifhvTwfawmhrSm r[kwfygbl;}} xkdpum;udk Mum;&aomtcg ½Tifusif;onf w[m; [m; &,farm vsuf ... ]]'DacG;aumif ...&efazmhxif; aowm enf;enf; apmoGm;w,f? [m; ...[m; ...[m; ...EkdYrdkY&if olY tvif;rmef *dkPf;MuD; b,fenf;b,fyHk ysufpD;NyD; b,fvkd jymyHkjzpfoGm;&w,fqkdwm ol jrifoGm;Ekdifao;w,f? b,favmufrsm; &ifuGJoGm;rvJ rodbl;? [m; ...[m; ...[m; ...}} xkdpOf csLxif;u atmfvkdufonf/ ]]rif;wkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD;udk odu©mcsraeprf;eJY? wkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD;om &Sdae&if rif;wkdY a&Smifvif*dkPf;[m 'D awmifxdyf rajymeJY? awmifajc&if; tem;awmif uyf&JrSm r[kwfbl;}} xkdtcg ½Tifusif;u ceJYNyHK; NyHK;í qufajymvkdufonf/ ]]&efazmhxif; aoonf jzpfap? raoonf jzpfap? 'Daumif wpfoufvHk; emrnfysufoGm;atmif ...}} ½kwfw&uf ]bef;} toHwpfcsuf Mum;vkduf&NyD;onfhaemuf0,f ½Tifusif;xHrS ]tm;}ceJ atmfoHwpfcsuf xGufvmonf/ tjzpfrSm ½Tifusif;\ aemufbufü 'Pf&mjzifh vJaeaom a0&du ½Tifusif;\ aemufausmudk vuf0g; apmif;jzifh ½kdufcsvdkufjcif;aMumifh jzpf ayonf/ a0&donfvnf; ½Tifusif;\ a&cJvufñSKd;'Pf aemufwpfcsuf txkd;cH vkduf&jyefonf/ ESpfa,mufpvHk; aemufodkY ,drf;,dkif qkwfcGm oGm;Mu&onf/ trSefpifppf a0&donf tvGef OmPfrsm;ol wpfa,muf jzpfonf/ ½Tifusif;\ ckd;aMumifcdk;0Suf twkdufcH&rIaMumifh 'Pf&m&oGm;onf rSefaomfvnf; vHk;0 rvIyfr&Sm;Ekdifonf txd 'Pf&m&cJhjzifh r[kwf/ &efol \ odkif;ynm tvGef jrifhrm;aeaMumifh od&Sdxm;ojzifh jyefrxçEdkifawmh onfhyrm vJavsmif;aevkdufjcif; jzpfonf/ vJavsmif;ae&mrS ½Tif;usif;tm; tvpf wkdufcdkufrnfh tcsdefudk apmifhpdkif;aecJhjcif; jzpfayonf/ 476
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdk;rnfhqif aemufwpfvSrf;qkwfonfh yrmyifwnf;/ ½Tifusif; pum;rsm;rsm; ajymaecsdefwGif tcGifhta&;udk acsmif;aeaom a0&du olYü usef&Sdaeao;onfh tiftm; tukefn§pfxkwfvkdufNyD; ½Tifusif;\ aemufausmudk wpfcsufvTwf ½kdufcsvkdufjcif;yif jzpfygonf/ ½Tifusif;onf odkif;avmuü tvGefawmfol jzpfaomfvnf; ½kwfw&uf tvGefjyif;xef vSonfh vufoD;jzpfonfh a0&d\ a&cJvuf0g;apmif;udkrl rcHEkdifawmhbJ ,dkifvJusoGm;&avonf/ olonf csufcsif;yif wifysOfacGxkdifvsuf ol\ twGif;tm;udk xkwfum a0&d ½kdufoGif;vkdufonf tat;"mwfudk wkdufxkwfae&awmh onf/ xkdtcg wpfcef;vHk; Nidrfouf wdwfqdwfaeawmhonf/ tb,f aMumifhqkdaomf þtcef;twGif;&Sd odkif;orm;&Spfa,mufpvHk; 'Pf&m udk,fpD&vsuf &SdaeMuNyD r[kwfygvm;/ &Spfa,mufpvHk; rnfolrQ rvIyf&Sm;EkdifMubJ rdrdwkdY\ twGif;tm; rsm;udk xkwfvsuf 'Pf&mrsm;udk ukpm;aeMu&onf/ &efa0rSmrl tcef;tjyifbufwiG f vJusvsuf &Sad eayonf/ olr onf tcef;twGi;f &Sd odik ;f orm; tm;vH;k xuf twGi;f tm;vnf;enf;? odik ;f ynmvnf; edru hf sojzifh a&cJvufñKS ;d \ 'Pfukd tm;vH;k xuf tcH&qH;k vl jzpfaeayonf/ ol\ 'Pf&monf tjyif;xefqHk; jzpfaeay onf/ usef okdif;orm; &Spfa,mufpvHk;onf rdrdwkdY\ okdif;tm; tjref jynhf0vmap&ef MudK;pm;aeMuayonf/ t&ifOD;qHk; odkif;tm;jynfh0vsuf t&ifOD;qHk; vIyf&Sm;Ekdifaom olonf toufcsrf;om&m&ol jzpfayvdrfh rnf/ tu,fí ½Tifusif;om t&ifOD;qHk; vIyf&Sm;EkdifcJhvQif useftvif; rmef*dkPf;om; tm;vHk; toufqHk;½HI; Mu&ayawmhrnf/ olwkdY tm;vHk; onf xdyfoD;okdif;orm;rsm; jzpfMuonfh tavQmuf twGif;tm; taumif;qHk; jzpfonfh ½Tif;usif;onfom rdrdwkdYxuf apmNyD; vIyf&Sm;Ekdif rnfudk odvkdufMu&onf/ usef;[lusif; taeESifhrl bmudkrQ rjrif/ bmudkrQ rMum; jzpfae& onf/ olY taejzihf tdwfxJwGif aeae&ol r[kwfygvm;/ odkYaomf wpfcef;vHk; jidrfoufaeonfudkrl usef;[lusif; cHpm;od&Sdvkdufrdonf/ rkefwkdif;rwkdufrD jidrfoufaejcif; rsKd;aywnf;/ tajctaeonf tvGef aMumufrufzG,f&m aumif;aeaom tajctae jzpfaeonf/ xkdpOf apmykwufonf pum;ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tdwfxJu rdwfaqGav;? 'Dwpfcgawmh rif; igwdkYudk u,f&awmh r,f tcsdef jzpfvmNyD? tajctae tm;vHk; rif; cefYrSef;rdw,f r[kwfvm;}} xkdtcg usef;[lusif;u ... ]]uRefawmfu b,fvdk u,f&rSmvJ? enf;vrf; &Sd&if ajymyg? uRef awmf u,fyghr,f}} xkdtcsdefwGif ½Tifusif;onf ol\ twGif;tm;udk wjznf;jznf; jyef vnf pkpnf;vmEkdifonfudk awGUvkduf Mu&onf/ ½Tifusif;onf olYtajctaeudk oltvGeftm;& 0rf;om jzpfaeonf/ wdwfqdwfNidrfoufaeaom tcef;wGif;0,f arQmfvifh rxm;onfh tdwftwGif;rS wpfpHkwpfa,muf\ pum;ajymoHudk Mum;vkduf&aom tcg ½kwfw&uf jzpfojzifh tMuD;tus,f wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;oGm;onf/ ol\ twGif;tm;vIdif; rsm;onfvnf; jyefvnf ½IyfaxG;oGm;um pkpnf; xm;onfh twGif;tm;rsm; NydKuGJoGm;jyefawmhonf/ tat;"mwfrsm;onf ½Tifusif;\ wpfudk,fvHk;ü jyefvnf MuD;pdk;vmojzifh wqwfqwf wkef,if aeawmhonf/ ]]tdwfxJu rdwfaqGav;? tdwfxJu twkdif;yJ x&yf vkdufayawmh? tdwfudk csnfxm;wJh MudK;udk ajzay;zdkYuawmh rvG,fawmhbl;? 'DMudK;udk iguvGJvkdY b,folurS rajzwufbl;? iguvJ tcktcsdefrSm b,fvkdrS ajzray;Ekdifawmhbl;}} apmykwufu tdwfxJrS usef;[lusif;tm; vSrf;ajymvkduf&m usef;[lusif;onf olYpum;twdkif; rwfwyf&yfvdkufonf/ apmykwufu qufajymonf/ ]][kwfNyD ...[kwfNyD? tcktwkdif;yJ tdwfxJuae bkef;MuD;tem;txd a&mufatmif avQmufoGm;vkduf? bkef;MuD;tem; a&muf&if vufoD;eJY wpfcsufwnf;eJY xkd;owfvdkuf? 'grS rif; ighudk u,fwif&m a&mufrSmyJ aumif;av;}} usef;[lusif; awGa0oGm;onf/ vlwpfa,mufudk &uf&ufpufpuf owfNyD;onf txdawmh raqmif½Guf vdkay/ xkdYaMumifh apmykwuf\ pum;twkdif; aqmif½Guf&ef wkHUqkdif;aejcif; jzpfonf/ 477
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; apmykwufu usef;[lusif; bmawG;aeonfudk odvkdufojzifh ... ]]rdwfaqGav; ...'Dbkef;MuD; b,favmuf &ufpuf qkd;0g;w,f qkdwm rif;tod rif;tMum;yJ r[kwfvm;? 'DvkdvlrsKd;udk owfoifh rowfoifh rif;yJ aoaocsmcsm pOf;pm; MunhfhygOD;? 'Dbkef;MuD;[m vlawGudk aumif;usKd; ay;zkYd xuf qd;k usKd;ay;zdYk 'DavmuxJ a&mufvmwJh bke;f MuD;yg? tck avmavmq,fawmif ol tjrefq;kH jyefaumif;vm &if tm;vHk;udk owfawmhrSmyg? rif; oludk owfvkdY i&JrusEkdifygbl;? ukodkvfawmif&OD;rSmyg}} usef;[lusif;u jyefajzvdkufonf/ ]]uRefawmf cifAsm;wkdYudkvnf; ulnDcsifygw,f? 'gayr,fh 'D bkef;MuD;udk owfypfwJh tvkyfudk vkyfNyD;rS ulnD&wmrsKd;awmh rvkyfyg&apeYJ}} zef[kdpefYu 0ifajymvkdufonf/ ]]nDav; ...ckxufxd rif; oabmrayguf ao;bll;vm;[if? tck nD;av; vkyf&r,fh tvkyfu owfrvm;? aorvm;qkdwJh tvkyfwpfckck udk vkyf&rSm? olYudk cktcsdefrSm owf&ifowf? rowf&if olu igwkdYudk owfwJhtjyif rif;ukdyg owfypfrSm taotcsmyJ}} ½Tif;usif;u uref;uwef; 0if&Sif;jyonf/ ]]igu 'Daumifav;eJY b,fvkdrS &efñSKd;&Sdwm r[kwfbl;? bmjzpfvdkY igu owf&rSmvJ? rif;wkdYu ighudk &Sif;csifwmeJY oufouf &efwkduf ray;ygeJY? rif;wkdY 'Daumif;av;udk tdwfxJ xnfhydwfxm;wmudk MunhfwmeJY 'Daumif;av;[m rif;wkdY*dkPf;u r[kwfrSef; todom;MuD;yJ? rif; wkdY zrf;vmrSef; odwmyJ? igu bmjzpfvkdY rif;wkdY zrf;vmwJh vludk owf&rSmvJ}} tvif;rmef*dkPf;om;rsm;ESifh ½Tifusif;onf tvGefarm[kduf yifyef;pGmjzifh pum;ajymaeMu&onf/ ol\ twGif;tm;udk tjrefqHk; jyefvnfpkpnf;&ef MudK;pm;aeonfh umv twGif;0,f usef;[lusif; wpfbufbuf ygvmatmif aoG;aqmif ajymMum;&jcif;onf trSefyif tm;tif ukefcef;aom vkyf&yf wpfckyif jzpfonf/ þkodkY rqGJaqmifEkdifvQif usef;[lusif; wpfckck vkyfvkdufonfESifh ½Tifusif;tzdkY 'ku© a&mufEkdifonf/ usef;[lusif;onfvnf; tvGef tMuH& cufaeonf/ bke;f MuD; ½Tiu f sif;onf trSew f u,f aumufuspforl eS ;f [lusif; odonf/ odYk aomf þbke;f MuD;udk owfonf txdawmh ol raqmif½Gu vkdacs/ tu,fí þbkef;MuD;ukd ½dkufowfvkdufNyD qkdygu rdrdonf tvif;rmef*dkPf;bufrS wpfoufvHk; &yfwnf &ayawmhrnf/ þuJhodkY &yfwnf&rnfh tcsufudk usef;[lusif; pdk;&drfí þrQ tMuH&cufaejcif; jzpfayonf/ tb,faMumifq h adk omf rdr\ d q&mbk;d bk;d u þuJo h Ykd aom *dP k ;f rsKd;udk rnfonfh tcgrQ r0if&ef twefwef qH;k rpum; ajymMum;cJh aomaMumifh aywnf;/
478
rmwdum tcef; (55) tcef; (56) tcef; (57) tcef; (58) tcef; (59) tcef; (60) tcef; (61) tcef; (62) tcef; (63) tcef; (64) tcef; (65) tcef; (66)
aoa&;&Sifa&; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479 tm;ajymif;tm;vTJ okdif;ynm . . . . . . . . . . 487 xGufayguf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498 ajrG"m; okdif;uGuf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505 . jzefajza&;orm; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517 opömarwåm\ wefzkd; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .527 tjyeftvSef "m;okdif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539 wpfukd,fawmf okdif;orm; . . . . . . . . . . . . 549 &ifeifhaom "m;csuf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 ajratmuf vIdPfacgif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573 oJuEÅm& tavmif;ajr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580 olvdk rdef;uav; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590
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489
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490
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; olr\"g;onf vufrS vGifhpifxGufoGm;onfESifh wpfpHkwpfa,mufu vkyfvdkufrSef;odvdkufonf olronf csufjcif;yif vufñSdK;jzifh [lusif;\ vnfrsKd udk xdk;csvdkufawmhavonf/ [lusif;onf aemufodkU tomt,m ckefqkwf vdkufum ... ]]nDrav; &efa0 igav ... igyg}} &efa0onf i,fpOftcgu [lusif;ESifhvufyGef;wwD; aexdkifcJholjzpf&m [lusif;udkaumif;pGm rSwfrdaeonf/ ,ck rarQmfvifhonfh tcsdefü [lusif;\ toHudkMum;vdkuf&aomtcg tvGeftHhMooGm;rdonf/ ]]tpfudk [lusif;vm;}} olronf [lusif;\toHudkom rSwfrdonf/ ½kyf&nfudkrl rrSwfrdawmh? [lusif;\ ½kyf&nfrSm tawmfyif ajymif;vJaeonf[k rSwfxifaerdonf/ [lusif; uvnf; zkH;uG,fí raeawmhay/ ]][kwfw,f &efa0? ig [lusif; yg}} &efa0onf [lusif;rSe;f aocsmwyftyf odvu kd af omtcg tvGew f ek v f KS yf oGm;onf/ wtHw h Mojzifh ar;vdu k f awmhonf/ ]]tpfudk wu,fyJ tpfudk [lusif;aemf? nDr odyftHhMowmyJ? tpfudk [lusif;b,fvdkvkyfNyD; 'Dudk a&mufvmwmvJ[if}} ]]OD;av;apmykwufu ighudkac:vmcJhwmyJ nDrav;&? [dkvlqdk;BuD; ½Tifusif; 'Dtcef;xJajy;0ifvmvdkU vdkufvmwm? 'Dusawmh rawGU&awmhbl;? 'D vlqdk;udk rrdvdkU rjzpfbl;? 'Dtcef;xJrSm wjcm;xGufayguf ½Sdao;vm;}} &efa0onf ½kwfw&uf olUzcif&efa&mif twGuf pdwfyloGm;ojzifh ... ]]'Dtcef;xJu wjcm;udk xGufp&mvrf; r½Sdygbl;? tpfudk [lusif; cPaeOD;aemf nDrazazudk oGm;MunfhvdkufOD;r,f azaz 'Pf&modyfjyif;xef aeOD;rvm; rodbl;}} olronf ajymajymqdq k Ekd iS yhf if vuf0g;apmif;jzifh tdraf zmfrav;udk ½du k o f wf&ef ½G,v f u kd o f nf/ ½kwjf cnf;yif [lusif;u ... ]]rvkyfeJY &efa0 ? rvkyf eJY}} [lusif;onfajymajymqdkqdkESifhyif &efa0\ vufudk ykwfxkwfvdkuf&m &efa0\ vuf0g;apmif;onf ab;bufoUkd acsmfxu G o f mG ;awmhonf/ &efa0onf olUudk þodUk wm;jrpf&ygrnfvm;[k vGepf mG a'goxGuo f mG ;onf/ xdkUaMumifh a'gooHjzifh ... ]]tpfudk [lusif;u 'Daumifrav;udk bmvdkU umuG,fay;ae&wmvJ}} ]]&efa0 ... eifroem;wwfbl;vm;? ol[m 'ku©dwrav;yJOpöm? oem;p&m aumif;ygw,f? bmjzpfvdkU owfcsifae&wmvJ}} ]]tdk ... tpfudk [lusif; 'gawGrodygbl;? tpfudk [lusif;u tckrSa&muf vmwm bmodrSmvJ? 'Daumifr 'Dudkvmwmu taumif;vmwmr[kwfbl;? nDr wdkUtdrfudk olvQdKvmvkyfaewmodvm;? 'gaMumifhazazu olUvuf? olUajcawGudk oHBudK;eJY csnfxm;&w,f}} [lusif;u acgif;w,rf;,rf;jzifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]rjzpfEdkifbl; ... rjzpfEdkifbl;? 'Drdef;uav;[m 'Dvdk,kwfrmr,fh rdef;uav;rsdK; r[kwfygbl;? rowfygeJh? tpfudk awmif;yefygw,f? olUudk rowfygeJY [kwfvm;]} ]]aumif;NyDav? tpfudkU ajympum;aMumifh olUudk rowfawmhbl; ? tr,fav;}} &efa0onf ½kwfw&uf ,drf;xdk;usoGm;onf/ [lusif;u uref;uwef; 0ifxdef;ay;vdkufonf/ ½kwfw&uf csufcsif;yif&efa0onf [lusif;\ cg;ESifh &if0½Sd taMumoHk;ckudk xdk;ydwfvdkufawmhonf/ &efa0onf tdrfazmfrav;udk owfrnfhta&;ü [lusif;0ifa&muf wm;jrpfaeojzifh rwm;jrpfEdkifatmif t&ifO;D qH;k [lusif;\ taMumrsm;udk xd;k ydwv f u kd f jcif;jzpfonf/ NyD;rS tdraf zmfrav;udk owf&ef&nf½, G jf cif;jzpfonf/ odkUaomf xdk tcsdefrSmyif olr\'Pf&mu½kwfjcnf; jyefxvmojzifh wpfudk,fvHk;at;pufum wqwfqwfwkefvsuf aysmhacGvJusoGm;awmhonf/ xdktcg tdrfazmfrav;onf atmufü usaeaom &efa0\ "m;udk aumuf ,lvsuf eH&Hü jyefcsdwf xm;vdkufonf/ NyD;aemuf [lusif;tm; ½Sif;jyonf/ 491
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]rruawmh uRefrudk tNrJwrf; r,HkouFmjzpfaewmygyJ? tcktcsdefrSm uRefrtaeeJY rrudkowfvdkuf&if rr bmwwfEdkifrSmvJ? uRefrowf&if &wJh tcsdefawG trsm;BuD;½SdcJhwmygyJ? 'gayr,fh uRefr rvkyfygbl;? b,fvdkyJ uRefr pdwfaumif;xm;xm; rru uRefrtay: r,Hkwmuawmh r,HkwmygyJ}} xdkpOf [lusif;onf rwfwyfx&yfvdkufonf/ [lusif;onf &efa0\ taMumxdk;ydwfvdkufjcif;udk cHvdkuf&aomfvnf; ol\twGif;tm;rsm; tvGef aumif;aeojzifh ydwfoGm;aom taMumrsm;udk csufcsif; wGef;zGifhEdkifvdkufjcif; aMumifh þuJhodkU ½kwfjcnf;x&yfEdkifjcif;jzpfonf/ ]]uJ ... &efa0? tpfudkajymwm rrSefbl;vm;? nDr oufouf txifvJG aewmyg}} [lusif;onftdrfazmfrav;bufodkU vSnfhí ajymvdkufonf/ ]]rdef;uav; ... [dkbkef;BuD; ½Tifusif;'Dtcef;xJ 0ifvm&muae b,faysmufoGm;wmvJ? 'Dtcef;xJu wjcm;xGufvrf; ½Sdao;ovm;}} rdefuav;u jyefar;vdkufonf/ ]]tpfudku 'Dbkef;BuD;aemufudk wu,fvdkufrSmvm;? 'Dbkef;BuD;u tifrwef aumufuspfawmh aMumufp&m odyfaumif;wm}} ]]'Dbkef;BuD;udk rowf&&ifraebl;? olb,ftxd ajy;rvJ? olajy;wJUaemuf urÇmajrtqHk; vdkufowfr,f}} rdef;uav;onf [lusif;wu,fvdkufrnfjzpfaMumif; ,HkMunfoGm;[efjzifh acgif;wpfcsufrQ ndwfvdkufNyD; vufudkifyk0gwpfxnfudk xkwf,lvdkufum &efa0\ rsufpdudkydwfxm;vdkufonf/ NyD;rS [lusif;\vufudk qJGac:um tarSmifxJodkU avQmuf0ifvdkufonf/ olronf [lusif;udk ckwifa½SUodkU qJGac:vmNyD; csxm;aom jcifaxmifudk vSefvdkufonf/ olru ckwifay: t&ifwufvdkufNyD; [lusif;udkvnf; jcifaxmifxJ0if&ef ajymvdkufonf/ xdrk ed ;f uav;\ tjyKtrlrsm;aMumifh [lusi;f pdw½f yI af xG;oGm;onf/ xdrk ed ;f uav;u avoH wd;k wd;k nif;nif; uav;jzifh [lusif;Mum;½Hk ajymvdkufonf/ ]]tpfudk ... &J&Jomwufyg? xGufvrf;u 'DckwifyJ}} xdkpum;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg rnfonfhtcsufudkrQ rpOf;pm;awmhbJ xdkrdef;uav;ESifhtwl ckwifay: ,SOftdyfvdkufawmhonf/ rdef;uav;onf rnfonhfcvkwfudk ESdyfvdkufonfrod ckwifBuD;tv,frS yGifhxGufoGm;NyD; ESpfa,mufpvHk; atmufodkU jyKwfusoGm;awmhonf/ teufrSmq,faycefU½Sdaomfvnf; jrufacsmufyHkBuD; toifhcif; xm;ojzifh olwdkUtaejzifh rnfodkUrQ xdcdkuftemw& r½d Muacs/ tdrfazmfrav;onf [lusif;vufudkqJGí a½SUodkUajy;jyefonf/ tcef;onf arSmifrnf;aeonfjzpf&m olr\ajcvufrsm;rS oHBudK;rsm;vSKyfcwfonhf toHudkom Mum;ae&onf/ xdkpOf [lusif;onfwpfpHkwpf&mudk ½kwfw&uf owd&vdkufojzifh xdk rdef;uav;tm; ar;vdkufonf/ ]rdef;uav; ... rif;&JUajcaxmufu apmapmwkef;u axmheJYaxmheJYeJY roefrpGrf;yg? tckawmh b,fES,fh taumif;jyef jzpfoGm;&jyefwmvJ } rdef;uav;onf NyHK;vdkufNyD; ... ]]uRefru rreJY OD;av;&efa&mifwdkUa½SUrSm [efaqmifae&wmyg? tpfudkU ta½SUrSmawmh [efaqmifzdkUvdkr,f rxifygbl;}} [lusif;onf tarSmifxJüjzpfaeojzihf rdef;uav;\rsufESm rnfodkUjzpf aeonfudk vHk;0rcefUrSef;EdkifcJhacs/ odkUaomf ½kwfcsnf;yif olUrdcif\ ajympum;rsm;udk owd&vdkufawmhonf/ ]]'gaMumifhtaruajymwmyJ? rdef;uav;awG[m vdrfnmwwfwJhae&m rSmawmhNydKifpH½Sm;yJwJY? [kwfvJ [kwfwmyJ? apmapmwkef;uqdk&if nDrav; &efa0uawmif olwpfckckjzpfoGm;ovdkvdk nmNyD; ightaMumudk xdk;ydwf cJhao;w,f}} olwdkUESpfa,mufonf vdkPfacgif;xJü vrf;aMumif;rsm;twdkif; vSnfhywf ajy;aeMu&m aemufqHk; qufajy;p&mvrf; r½SdawmhaMumif; awGU½Sdvdkuf&onf/ þodkU vrf;qHk;oGm;aomfvnf; bkef;BuD;½Tifusif;udkrl t&dyfta,mifrQ rawGUMu&ay/ ]]uRefrawmh 'Dae&mavmuftxdyJ a&mufzl;wmtpfudk? a½SUqufoGm;&r,fh vrf;uawmh½SdrSmyg? 'Dae&mrSm vrf;awGu trsm;BuD;½SdaewmyJ? uRefrawmh 'Dvrf;awGudk½SmzdkU rawGUcJhygbl;}} 492
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf eH&rH sm;udk vufjzifah vQmufí prf;oyfaevdu k o f nf/ vQdKU0Suf cvkwaf wGrsm;udk awGUvdUk awGUjim; prf;oyfMunfhjcif;yif jzpfonf/ ]]uRefrvJprf;MunfhNyD;jyDtpfudk? aoaocsmcsmudk avQmufMunfhNyD;NyD ? vQdKU0Sufcvkwf wpfckrSrawGU&bl;}} [lusif;onf vQdKU0Sufcvkwfrsm;udk xyfrHr½Smawmhacs/ ab;buf½Sd eH&Hrsm;udk wGef;Munfhvdkufonf/ rnfonfheH&HrQ vHk;0rvSKyfMuacs/ odkUaomf wpfckaomeH&HrSmrl tenf;i,fvSKyfoGm;ouJhodkU xifvdkuf&ojzifh [lusif;onf twGif;tm;udk tm;ukefxkwfvsuf xdkeH&HudkwGef;Munfhvdkufonf/ xdktcg eH&HBuD;rSm jznf;nif;pGmjzifh aemufbufodkU a½GUvsm;oGm;aMumif; awGUMu&awmhonf/ xdkeH&HBuD;\ wpfbufwGifum; aemufxyf vdkPfacgif; ½SnfBuD; wpfck ½Sdae acsonfwum;/ a½SUrS vdkPfacgif;½SnfBuD;udkMunfhí tHhMoaeMupOf wdk;nif;aom acsmif;qdk;oHwpfcsufudk ½kwfw&uf Mum;vdkufMu&onf/ [lusif;u avoHwdk;wdk;jzifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]&efola½SUrSm½Sdw,f? rif;aemufu jznf;jznf;csif;omvdkufcJh Mum;vm;? tEÅ&m,f½Sdw,f? 'Dbkef;BuD;u tifrwef qdk;0g;aumufuspfwJhbkef;BuD;}} ]]tdk ... uRefr raMumufygbl; tpfudk? tpfudkawmif raMumufao;wm uRefru bmjzpfvdkUaMumuf&rSmvJ? jzpf&ifvJ ESpfa,mufpvHk;aygh}} olwdkUESpfa,mufavQmufvmonfh vdkPfacgif;onf wjznf;jznf;usOf; ajrmif;vmaMumif; awGU&onf/ wjznf;jznf; atmufbuf edrq hf if;vmaMumif; odvu kd Mf u&onf/ t0usO;f aoma&wGi;f BuD; yHo k @mefrsKd ; jzpfaeonf/ ½kwfw&uf[lusif;\ acgif;ay:rS jyif;xefaom avvSdKif;wpfck vSKyf½Sm;oGm;oH Mum;vdkuf&ojzihf [lusif;onf csufcsif;yifaemufodkUvSnfhvsuf rdef;uav;udk zufNyD; atmufbufodkUckefqif;vdkuf&onf/ olwdkUckefcsvdkufonfrSm vufrwif tcsdefrD½Hk uav;jzpfonf/ tu,fíaESmifhaES;aeygu olwdkUESpfa,mufpvHk; touf½Sif zG,f&mr½Sdawmhacs/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf BuD;rm;vSaom ausmufwHk;BuD;u ]0kef;} ceJvm a&mufydwfqdkUoGm; aomaMumifh jzpfayonf/ ckefcsvdkufEdkifojzifh ausmufwHk;BuD;ESifh xdcdkufrnfhab;rS uif;a0;cJh&jcif;jzpfonf/ [lusif;onfeH&Hudk wG,fuyfwufvsuf tay:odkUprf;oyfMunfh vdkufaomtcg ausmufwHk;BuD;udk udkifvdkufrdonf/ xdktcdkuf½Tifusif;\ wD;wdk;avoHudk Mum;vdkuf&awmhonf/ ]]acG;aumifav; ... tifrwefvlpGrf;aumif; vkyfcsifwJhaumif 'DwGif;xJrSmyJ aoayawmh? at; ... 'gayr,fh uHaumif;w,fvdkUawmh rSwfvdkufOD;? wpfa,mufwnf; rao&bJeJU rdef;uav;wpfa,muftazmfvkyfNyD; ao&vdkU ?ausmufw;kH wpfw;kH wnf;qd&k if odyaf wmhpw d rf cs&bl;? 'Dawmh aemufEpS v f ;kH avmuf xyfyw d x f m;vdu k rf S ydak ocsmr,f? uJ ... vmava&mhwpfvHk; ... aemuf wpfvHk;}} w0kef;0kef;ESifh aemufxyfausmufwHk;BuD;rsm;jzifh ydwfqdkUvdkufoH Mum;vdkuf &awmhonf/ awmf½Hkwef½Hktm; ravQmhwwfaom [lusif;yif pdwfysufvufysuf jzpfoGm;rdawmhonf/ þrQav;vH BuD;rm;vSaomausmufwHk;BuD;rsm;udk [lusif;taejzifh rnfodkUrQ wGef;uefxkwfEdkifawmhrnf r[kwfay/ [lusif;onf pdwftm;avQmhpGm jzifhjyefqif;vmcJhonf/ rdef;uav;u ... ]]tpfudk ... wGif;uodyfarSmifwmyJaemf? uRefrrSm rD;jcpfawmh½Sdygw,f? za,mif;wdkifwdkU rD;wkwfwdkUrygawmh 'DrD;jcpfuav;u cHrSmr[kwfbl;? wu,fh ta&;taMumif;usrS oHk;&ifaumif;r,faemf}} [lusif;onf rdef;uav;\ pdwfxm;ESifh tajrmftjrif½SdyHkudk owdjyKvdkuf rdonf/ [lusif;onf rdef;uav; vufudkqJGvsuf a½SUrS OD;aqmifavQmufoGm; onf/ rD;jcpfudkxkwfroHk;bJ tarSmifxJwGif prf;w0g;0g;avQmufMujcif; jzpfojzifhc&D; rwGifvSay ... / xdkpOf [lusif;onf aowÅmwpfvHk;udk arSmifxJüyif ½kwfw&uf oGm;udkif rdvdkufonf/ [lusif;onf 0rf;omtm;& jzpfoGm;onf/ 'DwGif;aygufrS xGuf&ef twGuf wpfpHkwpfckaomvufeufudk &Edkifvdrfhrnf[laom arQmfvifhcsufaMumifh 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzpfjcif; jzpfonf/ olonfaowÅmudk vufjzifh ½dkufcsdK; ypfvdkufonf/ aowÅmwGif;rS trSKefU uav;rsm; xGufvmonfudk prf;oyfrdvdkufMuonf/ arSmifxJwGif jzpfojzifh rnfonfh trSKefUrsm;jzpfaMumif;udkrl rod½SdMuacs/ 493
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]0ke;f } ceJ jrnf[nf;aomtoHBuD;ESit hf wl *lBuD;wpfcv k ;kH odro hf rd w hf ek f oGm;awmhonf/ olwUkd ESpaf ,mufpvH;k onfvnf; vHk;0r[efEdkifawmhojzifh vJusrwwfjzpfoGm;Mu&m a½Smifacsmif;\ cE¨mudk,fuav;udk ayGUzuftum tuG,f ay;vdkuf&ayonf/ vdkPfacgif;wpfckvHk; ,rf;rSKefU ,rf;cdk;rsm;? rD;cdk; zkefrSKefUrsm;jzifh zHk;vTrf; jynfhESufaeawmhonf/ ½kwfw&uftm;jzifh wpfa,mufudk wpfa,mufyif rjrifEdkifavmufatmifjzpfoGm;&onf/ [lusif;u ]]a½Smifacsmif; ... rif; bmrSrjzpfbl;aemf? xdrdcdkufrd oGm;ao;ovm;}} a½Smifacsmif;onf [lusif;\ar;pum;udk ½kwfw&ufrajzEdkif/ zkefrSKefYrsm;aMumifh acsmif;w[Gwf[Gwf qdk;ae&mrS rsuf&nfrsm;0Jvsuf [lusif;udk pdkufMunfh vdkufNyD; ... ]]tpfudkav; ... tpfudkav;? tpfudkav;[m uRefrtay: odyfoufñSm wmyJaemf}} [lusif;onf wtHhwMojyefar;vdkufonf/ ]]bmjzpfvdkUvJ a½Smifacsmif;&JU}} ]]apmapmwke;f u ,rf;rSKefUawG aygufuaGJ wmh tpfuakd v; ud, k v f ;kH eJY uRefrudk umuG,af y;cJw h ,f r[kwv f m;? 'Djyifvlqdk&if uRefrudk b,fñSmvdrfh rvJ?olUudk,fol vGwfatmifyJ a½SmifrSmaygh}} [lusif;onf a½Smifacsmif;\ pum;aMumifh NyHK;vdkufrdonf/ ]]'grsm;a½Smifacsmif;&,f? rif;urdef;uav;yJ? igu a,musfm;om;BuD; wpfa,mufOpöm? rif;udkigu apmifha½Smuf&rSmayghuG,f}} ol o nf xd k p um;ud k a jymNyD ; onf E S i f h tay:od k U wuf o G m ;onf / ol t vG e f pd w f y suf o G m ;onf / ausmufwHk;BuD;rsm;onf rlvae&mrS wpfvufrrQra&GU/ odkUaomf ... [lusif;0rf;omoGm;onf/ ab;bufeH&HwGif taygufuav; wpfayguf aygufoGm;acsNyD/ rnfonfh taygufyifjzpfap olwdkU vGwfajrmufEdkif onf r[kwfygvm;/ [lusif;onf a½Smifacsmif;udkac:í xdktaygufrS wdk;xGufvdkufMuonf/ olwdkUonf aemufxyf vdkPfacgif;wpfck twGif;odkUxyfrHa&muf½SdoGm;awmhonf/ a½Smifacsmif;rSmrl ,cifvdkPf*lwGif;ü ydwfrd aoqHk; awmhrnf[k rSwf,lxm;cJh&m ,ckuJhodkU xGufvmEdkifaomtcgvGefpGm 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpfae&onf/ [lusif;ESifha½Smifacsmif;wdkUonf xdkvdkPfacgif;twdkif; avQmufxGufcJhMu&m tqHk;wGif ausmufwHcg;BuD; wpfcsyfudk awGUvdkufMu&onf/ tcef;\ tv,fwGifrl vlt&dk;pkMuD; ESpfck udk awG hvdkufMu&onf/ t0wftpm;rsm; vHk;0aqG;jrnfh a
496
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497
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504
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507
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509
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513
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; wdkufcdkufEdkifonfudk xm;OD;/ onfvli,fuav;\ vuf[ef?tm;xkwfenf;? ae&mutp vSKyf½Sm;yHk tm;vHk;onf q,fESpf tESpfESpfq,frQ avhusihfxm;aom vli,fwpfa,muf\ vufuGufrsm;ESifh wlaeayonf/ xdkodkU pOf;pm;aerdojzifh cHk;½SefUonf rlvae&müyif ai;aMumifaMumif &yfaerdawmh onf/ cef;rBuD;wGif½Sdaom vltm;vHk;\ rsufvHk;tpHkwdkUonfvnf; cHk;½SefU\udk,fay:odkUyif a&muf½SdaeMuonf/ apmapmu olwdkUESpfa,mufonf odkif;uGufESpfuGufwdkufcdkufcJh&m tvGefjrefqefvSNyD;? tvGefvsifjrefvSpGmyif vlcsif;cGmvdkufMuonf/ xdyfoD;odkif;tausmftarmf oHk;av;OD;rQuvJGí olwdkUESpfa,mufwGif rnfolEdkifí rnfol½SHK;oGm;onfudk ½kwfw&uf rodvdkufMuacs/ [lusif;u at;aq;pGm&yfaeNyD; cH;k ½SeUf rsufarSmifuw k af eonfukd Munfjh cif;tm;jzifo h m cH;k ½SeUf ½I;H edro hf mG ;jcif; jzpfrnf[kcefUrSef;wGufcsuf½Hkom wwfEdkifMuawmh\/ trSefpifppf þe*g;vufonf; odkif;ynmonf a½Smifvif*dkPf;rS ESpf&maygif;rsm;pGm xdef;odrf;vmcJhaom odkif;ynmjzpfí [muGuf? vGwfuGuf? cRwf,Gif;csuf vHk;0 r½Sdavmufatmif aumif;rGefjynfhpHkonf odkif;ynm wpf&yfyifjzpfayonf/ tu,fí[lusif;onf þe*g;vufodkif;ynmESifh omjyefí wdkufcdkufEdkifjcif; r½SdygucHk;½SefUukd tEdkif&Edkif&ef rvG,fulvSacs/ cHk;½SefUonf awGa0pOf;pm;ae&mrS ½kwfw&uf qufwdkufyif odkif;uGufig;uGufudk tqufrjywf wdkufxkwfvdkuf\/ [lusif;rSmrl vHk;0pdk;&drfylyef[ef r½Sdacs/ cHk;½SefUwdkuf xkwfvdkufaom odkif;uGufrsm;twdkif; jyefvnf wdkufcdkufEdkifonfom jzpfNyD;? tNrJwrf; cHk;½SefUxuf oHk;vufrcefU vufOD;aeonfomjzpf\/ xdkUaMumifhcHk;½SefUtaejzifh wpfuGufwdkufxkwfvdkufwdkif; olUajcudkaemufodkU wpfvSrf;qkwfaevdkuf&onf/ aemufq;kH ig;uGuo f Ukd a&muf½adS omtcg cH;k ½SeUf onf ajcvSr;f ig;vSr;f qkwcf &hJ NyD;? ol\&if0½St d aMumr wpfcu k v kd nf; [lusif;\vufacsmif;rsm;u tomt,mwdkUxdoGm;avawmh\/ xdkw'*FtwGif; cHk;½SefUonf tvGefpdwf"mwf usqif;oGm;cJhawmh\ tb,faMumifhrl olESpfaygif;rsm;pGm tm;BudK;rmefwuf r&yfrem; ZGJ? vHkHYv? 0D&d,ESifh tqufrjywf avhusifhcJh&aom odkif;ynmonf olUtwGufrnfodkUrQ toHk;rus jzpfcJh&NyD; r[kwfygvm;/ cHk;½SefU\rsufESmonf rsm;pGmEGrf;e,f tm;avsmhoGm;onf/ xdkUjyif jznf;nif;pGmjzifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]'umav; ... 'umav;&JU odkif;ynm[m ighxufydkawmfygayw,f}} olonfajymajymqdq k Ekd iS hf ol\b,fbufvuf0g;apmif;udk csDajr§mufvu kd u f m nmbuf vufaumuf0wftm; ckwfcsvdkufawmh\ odkUaomf ol\b,fbufvufonf atmufodkU t½Sdefjyif;pGmjzifh qif;vmpOf vrf;ckvwfü tm;jywfovdk jzpfoGm;um avsmhqif;oGm; onf/ tb,faMumifhygenf;/ [lusif;u cHk;½SefU\b,fbuf vufaumuf0wf½Sd taMumwpfckudk wpfcsufrQ wdkUvdkufaomaMumifhyif jzpfay\/ [lusif;uav;pm;aomtoHjzifh ... ]]wynfhawmf[m a½Smifvif*dkPf;&JUe*g;vufonf; odkif;ynmeJY t½Sifbk&m;udk tEdkif,lvdkufwmyg? 'DynmeJY wdu k cf u kd cf v hJ Ukd a½Smifvif*P kd ;f BuD;&JU odum© udk b,fvrkd S xdcu kd pf &m r½Syd gbl;?wynfah wmfuom 'Da½Smifvif*P kd ;f BuD;&JU odkif;ynmeJU t½Sifbk&m;udk rwdkufcdkuf&ifawmh wynfhawmftaeeJU t½Sifbk&m;udk b,fvdkrS EdkifrSmr[kwfygbl;bk&m; ?bmjzpfvdkUvJqdkawmh 'Djyifb,fodkif;ynmrS t½Sifbk&m;udk tEdkif&zdkU rvG,fulvdkUygyJ bk&m;}} trSefpifppf cHk;½SefUonf[lusif;udk t½SHK;ay;vdkuf&ojzifh tvGefpdwf"mwfusoGm;NyD; BuD;pGmaom t½Sufw&m; udkvnf; cHpm;vdkuf&onf/ xdkUaMumifhol\ nmbufvufudk zsufqD;ypf&ef BudK;pm;cJhjcif;jzpfay\/ ,ck [ l u sif ; onf j yif y od k i f ; avmurS vl w pf a ,muf o mjzpf o nf / xd k v l wpf a ,muf u rd r d w d k U a½Smifvif*dkPf;BuD;bufrS umuG,fajymMum;aeonfudk awGUBuHK&aomtcg vGefpGm yDwdMunfEl;awmh\/ tESpw f pfaxmifausmfrQ xde;f odr;f vmcJ&h aom a½Smifvif*P kd ;f BuD;\ *kPo f u d m© onf rdrad Mumifh ysufp;D qH;k ½I;H &awmhrnfuJhodkU jzpfcJh&onf/ 529
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usqif;vkvk a½Smifvif*dkPf;\ *kPfodu©mudk az;rxdef;odrf;vsuf wu,fhtjzpfrSefudk ajymMum;vdkufaom [lusif;tm; tvGefaus;Zl;wifvdkufrdonf/ xdkUaMumifh bkef;awmfBuD;cHk;½SefUonf [lusif;tm; vSdKufvSJpGmjzifh ... ]]'umav;&JU apwemudk bkef;BuD;wpfoufvHk; rarhygbl; 'umav;&JU jynfh0wJh pdwfxm;udkvnf; bkef;BuD; vSdKufvSdKufvSJvSJ csD;usL;ygw,f}} [lusif;u bkef;awmfBuD;cHk;½SefUudk OD;ñGwft½dktaoay;vdkufNyD; ]]t½Sifbk&m;eJU ,SOfNydKifwdkufcdkufNyD; t½Sifbk&m;udk apmfum;rdovdk jzpfcJhwmudk cGifhvTwfygbk&m;}} bkef;awmfBuD;cHk;½SefUu &if;ESD;yGifhvif;pGmjzifh NyHK;&,fvdkufNyD;aemuf ... ]]wu,fawmhvJ 'De*g;vufonf;odkif;ynm[m 'umav;&UJ vufxJa&mufoGm;vdkUom 'Davmuf xufxufjrufjruf jzpfoGm;cJh&wmyJ? 'DavmufxufjrufoGm;vdrfhr,f? 'Dvdk tjyifwpfa,mufqD 'Dynm a&mufoGm; vdrfhr,fvdkU tdyfrufawmif rrufcJhbl;? aemifwpf csdefcsdefrSm rif;tm;vyfcJh&if igwdkUa½Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;udk tvnfvmyg? ightaeeJY rif;eJU odkif;ynmjcif; zvS,fcsifygao;w,f}} trSefpifppf odkif;avmuwGif ]odkif;ynmzvS,fjcif;} [lonfhpum;onf wpfOD;udk wpfOD;pdefac:onfh pum;rsdK;yifjzpfay\/ odkUaomf,cktcsdefwGif bkef;awmfBuD;cHk;½SefU ajymMum;vdkufonfh pum;rsm;\teuf t"dyÜg,frSmrl wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; tEdkiftxufjyKí pdefac:onfhpum;rsdK; r[kwfaMumif; tm;vHk;u em;vnfvdkufMuonf/ cHk;½SefUonf wu,fyif vSdKufvSJaompdwfxm;jzifh [lusif;\odkif;ynmudk av;pm;í ajymvkdufaom pum;yifjzpf\/ xdkpum;\teuft"dyÜg,fudk [lusif;uvnf; oabm aygufem;vnf vdkufyg\/ xdkUaMumifh uref;uwef;ESifh jyefvnfavQmufxm;vdkuf&awmhonf/ ]]rSefyg ... wynfhawmf tm;vyfwJh wpfcsdefcsdefrSmawmh t½Sifbk&m;qD tvnftywf vmcJhrSmygbk&m;}} þcHk;½SefUq&mawmfBuD;onf tvGef0gBuD;NyD;tqifhjrifhaom bkef;awmfBuD; wpfyg;yifjzpfonf/ odkUaomfa½Smifvifausmif;\ taxGaxGaom ausmif;udpöt00udk pDrHcefUcJG&ef t&nftcsif;rl r½Sd½Smay/ xdkUaMumifh a½Smifvifausmif;wdkufwGif ta&;BuD;aom &mxl;XmeEÅ&wdkUudk cefUtyfjcif;rcH&/ tkyfcsKyfpDrH udkifwG,fjcif; rjyKcJh&/ od k U &mwG i f ol \ od k i f ; ynmES i f h tusif h p m&d w Å r S m rl a½S m if v if a usmif ; wd k u f w G i f tvG e f xif ½ S m ; ausmfMum;cJhayonf/ xdkUaMumifh ausmif;wdkuftwGif;½Sd tm;vHk;aombkef;awmfBuD;rsm;ESifh vltm;vHk;uolUudk tvGef½dkao av;pm;Mu&ayonf/ þtajctaeü cHk;½SefUxufydkrdkBuD;rm;aom wm0efrsm;udk xrf;aqmif&onfh q&mawmfBuD;cHk;usdtzdkUrl rsm;pGmpdwftBuH tdkufaeayonf/ ,aeUawGYjrif&aom tajctaet& a½Smifvif*dkPf;om;rsm;taejzifh [lusif;udk qufvufNyD; pdefac: wdkufcdkufEdkif&ef rjzpfawmhrSef; od½SdvdkufavNyD/ tb,faMumifhrl olwdkU*dkPf;\ tm;txm; &qHk;aom bkef;awmfBuD;cHk;½SefUonfyif [lusif;udkt½SHK;ay;vdkyf&NyD r[kwfygvm;/ q&mawmfcHk;usdonf *dkPf;BuD;ajcmuf*dkPf;\ acgif;aqmifjzpfí þodkUtusOf;tusyf tajctae awGUBuHK&aomtcg rnfodkUBuHpnf&rnfudkyif rawG;Edkifavmufatmif OD;aESmufajcmufoGm;&av\/ odkif;avmuü rnfodkUrQ xifay:ausmfMum;jcif; r½Sdaom omrnvli,f odkif;orm;av; wpfa,muftm; rdrdwdkUu t½HI;ay;vdkuf&onfqdkygu odkif;avmuwpfckvHk;u rdrdwdkUtm;[m;wdkuf &,farmMuayawmhrnf/ [lusif;taejzifh a½Smifvif*dkPf;tm; rnfrQ az;az;rr umuG,fajymqdkonfjzpfap cHk;½SefU\ t½IH;onf a½Smifvif\ t½IH;yifjzpfacsonf/ xdkUaMumifhrnfodkUrQ pdwful;BuHpnfí r&awmhonfhtqHk; q&mawmfcHk;usdonf 0gqef;*dkPf;csKyfBuD; ½Sef;&Dudk vSrf;íMunfhvdkufawmhonf/ 0gqef;*dkPf;csKyf ½Sef;&Donf OmPfeDOmPfeuf tvGefrsm;aom olwpfa,mufjzpfNyD; aumufuspf,kwfrmol wpfa,mufvnf;jzpf\/ tvif;rmef*dkPf;BuDtm; ppfcif;&ef ta&;tcif;BuD;udk tpDtpOf a&;qJGolvnf;jzpfonf/
530
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]'Daumifav;udk ½Sif;rypf&if igwdkU 0gqef;*dkPf;&JU odu©m½SdygOD;rvm;uG}} csufcsif;yif t&yf½Snf½Snf tbdk;BuD;u atmfvdkufjyefonf/ ]]a[haumifav; ... rif;udk igwdUk uESpaf ,muf wpfa,muf wdu k cf u kd Mf ur,fa[h? rif;taeeJU 'gudrk w&m;bl; xif&if apmapmuwnf;u igwdkUudk t½HI;ay;vdkufayawmh}} t&yfykonf t&yf½Snf\ pum;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg rsufarSmifwpfcsuf ukwfoGm;onf/ ESKwfrSvnf; AvHk;AaxG;ajymvdkufonf/ ]]nD ... nDav;? rif; bmawGajym}} ol\pum;qHk;atmif [lusif;u apmifhqdkif;em;axmifaeonf r[kwfacs/ pum;pudk jzwfí ½kwfw&uf 0ifajymvdkufavonf/ ]]ESpfa,mufwpfa,mufqdk odyfaumif;wmaygh? usKyfuodyfBudKufaygh? 'gayr,fh wpfckawmh &Sdw,faemf? wu,fvdkU cifAsm;wdkU ½IH;oGm;&if tvif;rmef*dkPf;udk &efr½Sm&bl;}} t&yf½Snfonf tvGef0rf;omoGm;onf/ ol0rf;omrIudk rrsdKodyfEdkif/ ]]igwdkU nDtpfudkESpfa,mufeUJ rif;wdkufr,fqdk&ifawmh ½IH;zdkUaocsmaeNyD? igwdkU ESpfa,mufrSm tjyeftvSef "m;odik ;f wpfy'k ½f w dS ,f? 'Doikd ;f uGu[ f m wu,faumif;wJh odik ;f uGu?f tifrwefvQdKU0Suef ufew J hJ odik ;f uGu?f igwdUk u rif;eJUwpfa,mufcsif; wdkuf&rSmudk pdk;&drfwm? ajymNyD;wJh uwdpum;udkawmh rif;rysuf&bl;aemf}} [lusif;uNyHK;&if; ajymvdkufonf/ ]]uRefawmfuawmh uwdrysufygbl;? q&mBuD;wdUk wku d &f ifom enf;enf;avmuf ñSmñSmwmwmav; vkyyf g}} t&yf½Snfurl ol\avudk tenf;i,frQ ravQmh? olu qufajymonf/ ]]igwdkU&JU "m;uawmh odyfjyif;xefvmav aMumufp&maumif;avyJ? rif;udk Munfh& wmawmh odyfrqdk;vS ygbl;? tif; ... igwdkU "m;csufeJU ao&&ifawmh oem;p&myJ}} xdkpOf t&yfykyk vlu vSrf;atmfvdkufonf/ ]]nDav;? rif;pum;udk avQmhajymvdkU r&awmhbl;vm;}}
538
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; t&yf½Snfonf [lusif;\ ycHk;udkESpfcsufrQ ykwf&if; &,farmaeawmh\/ xdkodkU tm;&yg;& &,farmaeNyD;rS ... ]]rif; w,foabmusp&maumif;ygvm; ? rif; udkif&r,fh vufeufudk ighvmar;&ovm;uG? [m; ...[m; ... [m;}} [lusif;onf t&yf½Snfu olUycHk;udk ESpfcsufrQvmykwfonfudk NidrfNidrfoufoufyif cH,lvdkufonf/ t&yf½n S u f ykwv f u kd o f nfv h ufrmS ½d;k ½d;k om;om; vufjzpfaMumif;ESi?hf vlBuD;wpfO;D u uav;wpfO;D tm; &if;&if;ES;D ES;D ykwfvdkufonfh oabmrsdK;om jzpfaMumif; [lusif;odonf/ odkUaomf cef;rwGif;½Sd vltm;vHk;rSmxdkjrifuGif;udk MunfhvsufvGefpGm wkefvSKyfoGm;Muonf/ rnfoo l nf rwkev f KS yfbJ aeEdik t f ehH nf;/ ,cktcsdeo f nf omrntcsderf sdK;r[kwf / wpfa,mufuw kd pfa,muf tjywf t owf tEd k i f , l & ef Bud K ;pm;aeMuonf h tcsd e f u mv jzpf a eonf / rnf r Qta&;BuD ; oenf ; [l r l ½Sef;&DonfyifvQif tvGefjyif;xefaom tqdyfudk r½dk;rom; aumufuspfpGm toHk;jyKcJhao;onf r[kwfygavm/ olwUkd jrifuiG ;f wGif t&yf½n S f tbd;k BuD;u [lusif;\ycH;k udyk w k af eonf/ [lusif;uvnf; tykwcf aH eonf/ tu,fí tbdk;BuD;u [lusif;\ycHk;udk ykwf&if;½kwfw&uf wdkufcdkufvdkufygu [lusif; rnfodkUrQ wwfEdkifawmhrnf r[kwf/ rnfonfhenf;ESifhrQ ckcHumuG,fEdkifrnfr[kwf/ xdkUaMumifh olwdkUrSm wkefvSKyf acsmufcsm;oGm;Mu&jcif; jzpfayonf/ t&yf½Snf tbdk;BuD;onf &,farmae&mrS ... ]]igu rif;udk bmudkifcdkif;cdkif;? rif;u udkifrSmvm;}} [lusif;uNyHK;&,fvsuf ... ]]q&mBuD; udkifcdkif;wmudk udkif&rSmaygh}} t&yf½Snfonf cef;rBuD;\ ywf0ef;usif tESHYtjym;udk tuJcwfMunfhvdkufonf/ cef;rBuD;\ b,fbuf axmifhwGif ausmufwHk;BuD;rsm; csxm;onfudk awGUvdkuf&\ olonf NyHK;vdkuf&if; ausmufwHk;BuD;rsm; csxm;onfudk awGUvdkuf&\/ olonf NyHK;vdkuf &if; ... ]]igu rif;udktomay;vdkufr,f? rif;twGuf av;av;vHvH ½Sdr,fh vufeufudk udkifcGifh ay;vdkufr,f}} þodkUajymvdkuf&if; olonf[lusif;tm; tcef;axmifhrS ausmufwHk;BuD;rsm;udk ñGefjyvdkufonf/ NyD;aemuf w[m;[m;jzifh [m;wdkuf&,farmaeawmh\/ tu,fpifppf olonf[lusif;tm; aemufajymifaejcif;rQom jzpfonf/ þrQavmuf av;vHaom ausmufwHk;BuD;rsm;tm; rnfolonf vufeuftjzpf rnfodkUudkifwG,f toHk;jyKEdkifrnfenf;/ wdkufcdkuftoHk;jyK&ef rqdkxm;ESifh? r ,lEdkif&efyif vG,fulvSonf r[kwfacs/ odkU&mwGif [lusif;url NyHK;&,fvsuf ... ]]aumif;ygNyD q&mBuD;?q&mBuD; ay;udkifwJh vufeufudkyJ uRefawmfudkifyghr,f? q&mBuD;u uRefawmfhudk ynmprf;aewmudk;}} pum;qHk;onfESifh [lusif;onf tcef;axmifh ausmufwHk;rsm;½Sd&modkU avQmufoGm;NyD;? vufwpfbufpDwGif ausmufwHk; wpfwHk;us r ,lvdkufawmh\/ þrQav;vHvSaom ausmufwHk;BuD;rsm;udk r ,lNyD;aemuf tbdk;BuD; ESpfa,muf½Sd&modkU ayghyg;pGmckefxGufvm\ {nfhcef;twGif;½Sd odkif;ynm½Siftm;vHk;vdkvdkonf ][if} ][,f} ][m} [laom tmar#dwfoH rsm;udk jyKvdkufrdMu\/ þodkU[lusif;taejzifh r ,loGm;Edkifvdrfhrnf[k vHk;0rarQmfvifhcJhMuay/ tcsdKUurl ai;aMumifaMumif jzpfoGm;Mu\/ t&yf½Snftbdk;BuD;url ol\rkwfqdwfjzLBuD;udk vufjzifh tqufrjywf qJGoyfae&if;rS pOf;pm;rdoGm;onf/ ]][m ... wu,fvkyfawmhrSmygvm;}} t&yfykrSm ydkíyif pOf;pm; aeayao;onf/ [lusif;\odkif;ynm jrifhrm;vSaMumif;udk olwdkUwpfqifhNyD; wpfqifh jrifawGUae&onf/ aMumufcref;vdvd jrifhrm;aom ynm&yfrsm; jzpfaeaMumif; odae&onf/
540
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkynm½Sifuav;ESifh olwdkUwdkufMu&ayawmhrnf/ þodkUrQ rwdkufcdkufEdkifvQifawmh 0gqef;*dkPf;\ *kPfodu©mvHk;vHk; us&ayawmhrnf/ ½Sef;&DaMumifh usqif;cJh&NyDjzpf aom 0gqef;*dkPf;\ *kPfodu©mudk olwdkUtaejzifh rnfodkUrQ jyefqnfEdkifawmhrnf r[kwf cs/ xdkUaMumifh[lusif;tm; ½kwfjcnf;wdkuf&ef qHk;jzwfvdkufonf/ ]]uJ ... aumifav; owdxm;ayawmha[h}} ol\"m;jzifh [lusif;udk ckwfvdkuf\/ t&yf½Snfu atmfíar;onf/ ]]tpfudkBuD; wu,fcsrSmvm;}} t&yfyku jyefaigufvdkuf\/ ]]w,f ... wu,frcsvdkU? aemufajymifae&rSmvm;uG}} ol\"m;csufudk [lusif;u ausmufwHk;jzifh ckcHvdkufojzifh ]xef;}ceJ jrnf[D;oGm;um ausmufwHk; rD;yGifhoGm;onf/ [lusif;onf ausmufwHk;BuD;rsm;udk a½SUodkUwGef;xkwfxm;vdkufjyefonf/ t&yf½Snfu atmf[pfí olUtpfudkBuD;odkU vSrf;owday;vdkufonf/ ]]tpfudkBuD; olxkwfvdkufwm ]a&pkefpD;} odkif;uGufyJ? 'Daumifuav; rvG,fbl;? ausmufwHk;BuD; awG[m vufawGvdkjzpfaew,f? ausmufwHk;BuD;awGeJY odkif;uGufazmfNyD; wdkufaewm tpfudkBuD;}} t&yfykonfvnf; owdxm;rdonfom/ xdkUaMumifh olwdkU\wdkufpGrf;&nfudk jr§ifh wifvdkufMuonf/ ]]nDav; ... b,fwdrf; nm&rf;}} t&yfykonf atmf[pf&if; odkif;uGufwpfckudk xkwfvdkuf&m t&yf½Snfuvnf; atmf[pfí odkif;uGufwpfck jyefxkwfNyD; [lusif;tm;wdkufcdkufvdkufonf/ ]]a&pkef a&qef}} t&yfyku ... ]]ae eJY v}} olwdkUESpfa,mufonf wpfa,mufwpfcGef;pD atmf[pf&if; olwdkU\"m;uGufrsm;udk tqufrjywf xkwfaeMu\/ olwdkU\tjyeftvSef "m;odkif;rSm emrnfay;xm;onfh twkdif; tuGufaphvS\/wpfa,mufu twnfh wdkufcdkufvQif aemufwpfa,mufuajymif;jyef wkdufcdkuf\/ wpfa,muf\ vdktyfcsufudk wpfa,mufujznfhpGuf wdkufcdkufoGm;Muojzifh a&yufr0ifatmif aumif;rGefvSay\/ [lusi;f rSmrl ol\aepMumusiphf OfEiS hf tm;ajymif;tm;vJT odik ;f ynmudt k oH;k jyKvdu k &f m ausmufw;kH BuD;ESpw f ;kH rSm tvGefayghyg;aom cJvHk;i,fuav;rsm; yrmjzpfaeawmh\/ xdkUaMumifh tbdk;BuD;ESpfa,muf\ "m;uGufrsm;udk þrQ ayhgyg;pGm umuG,fEdkifaejcif;jzpf\/ tbdk;BuD;ESpfa,muf\ "m;csufrsm;rSm jyif;xefvsifjref vSonfrSefaomfvnf; [lusif;u ta½GUtajymif; jrefvSpGmjzifh ausmufwHk;BuD;rsm;ESifh umuG,fEdkifcJhojzifh olwdkU\ "m;csufrsm;onf ausmufwHk;rsm;udkom ckwfxpf aerdMuawmh\/ xd k p Of ... [l u sif ; onf rnf o l r Q rxif r S w f a om tjyKtrl w pf c k u d k jyKvk y f v d k u f \ / ol o nf ausmufw;kH BuD;ESpw f ;kH udk tay:odUk ajr§mufwifvu kd Nf yD;? vQyjf yufouJo h Ukd aom vsijf refrKS rsKd ;jzifh tbd;k BuD; ESpaf ,muf\ vnfukyfudkzrf;qJGvdkufonf/ csufcsif;yif olwdkUESpfOD;tm; rsufESmcsif;qdkif yl;uyfxm;vdkufawmh\ [lusif;onf tbdk;BuD;ESpfOD;tm; taMumydwfNyD;? xdkodkUyl;uyfay;vdkufjcif;jzpfojzifh ESpfOD;pvHk; rnfodkUrQ vSKyf½Sm;Edkifjcif; r½SdMuawmhacs/ [l u sif ; \vsif j ref r S K rS m vuf z sm;cgavmuf a y\/ tb,f a Mumif h vuf z sm;cgavmuf o nf [ k csD;usL;&ygoenf;/ [lusif; xdktjyKtrltm;vHk; jyKvkyfvdkufonfhtcsdefonf ausmufwHk;rsm; tay:odkU ajr§mufwif vdkufonfh tcsdeftwGif;tNyD;tpD; vkyfvdkufjcif;aMumifh jzpfay\/ ,cktcg ausmufwHk;rsm;onf tbdk;BuD;ESpfOD;\ acgif;ay:odkU jyefvnf usa&mufvmvsuf ½SdaeNyD/ pdk;&drfaomtoH? acsmufcsm;aomtoH? wkefvSKyfaomtoHrsm;ESifh tvefUwMum; atmf[pfvdkufaom toHrsm;onf cef;r twGif;pl;pl;0g;0g;xGufvmawmh\/ 541
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkUaomfausmufwHk;BuD;rsm;onf tbdk;BuD;ESpfOD;\ OD;acgif;ay:odkU usa&mufrvm awmhyg/ tu,fí usa&mufvmNyD qdkyguvnf; þtbdk;BuD;ESpfa,muf\ oGifjyif½kyf&nf yuwdcE¨mudk,frsm; yDjyifjynfh0pGm jrifawGU Edkifawmhrnf r[kwfacs/ pdpdnufnuf aMuonfhtjzpfodkU a&muf½SdoGm;&ayawmhrnf/ ,ck ... þtjzpfodkU a&mufp&m r½Sdawmhyg/ [lusif;onf tay:rSt½Sdefjzifh jyefusvmaom ausmufwHk;BuD; ESpfwHk;udk vufjzifhjAKef;ceJ ab;odkU ½dkufxkwfypfvdkufavNyD/ xdkUaemuf NyHK;&,f&if; tbdk;BuD;ESpfa,muf\ taMum rsm;udk ajzay;vdkufum ... ]]q&mBuD;wdkU raMumufMuygeJUaemf? uRefawmf usDp,faemufajymifvdkufwmyg}} t&yfykonf pdwf"mwf tvGefusqif;oGm;onf/ [lusif;\tpGrf;udk apmapmydkif;u olwdkU rsufjrif jzpfcJhMuonf/ ,ckaemufydkif;udk,fawGU odvdkufMu&jyefNyD/ [lusif;\odkif;ynmpGrf;udk olwdkU rsufjrifudk,fawGU cHpm;od½SdvdkufMu&NyD/ xdkUaMumifht&yfykonf oufjyif;wpfcsuf cs&if;ajymvdkuf\/ ]]awmfygNyDuGm ... }} t&yf½Snfurl ... ]]'geYJ rqdkifbl;uG}} bmjzpfvdkU rqdkifwmvJ[k [lusif;uar;vdkufonf/ ]]tck NydKifwmudkyJ MunfhayghuGm? rif; ... tifrweftm;oefvdkU ausmufwHk;BuD;awGeJY igwdkUudk EdkifoGm;wmyJ? odkif;uGufaMumifh EdkifwmrS r[kwfwm}} ]]'Dvdkqdk&if uRefawmfwdkU xyfNydKifMuwmaygh}} ]]xyfNydKif&ifvJ &ygw,f? 'Dwpfcgawmh ½dk;½dk;rNydKifMubl;?topftqef; wpfckck NydKifMuwmaygh}} a½Smifacsmif;onf xdkNydKifyJGESifh pum;ppfxdk;aeMuyHkudk wpfcsdefvHk; Munfh½Iaeonf jzpf&m tbdk;BuD;ESpfOD;\ t½IH;ray;csifonfh oabmxm;udk odvm&onf/ xdkUaMumifh olr\rsufESmudk vufñdk;jzifh ukwfjcpf&if; ... ]]½Sufp&mBuD; ... ½Sufp&mBuD;?½IH;wmawmif jiif;csifao;w,f t½IH;ray;csifao;bl;}} xdkpum;udk cef;rwGif;rS vltm;vHk;yif Mum;Mu&onf/ tbdk;BuD;ESpfa,mufurl rMum;[efjyKaevdkufMu\/ xdkUjyif t&yf½Snftbdk;BuD;u ... ]]EGm;av; rif;rauseyf&if rNydKifeJYayghuG? rif; rNydKif&ifawmh wdkUNydKifyJGrSm t½IH;tEdkif r½Sdbl;vdkU owfrSwf&rSmyJ? wu,fvdkU rauseyf&ifvJ aemiftESpfoHk;q,fusrS xyfNydKif}} t&yfykonf tvGefpdwfqdk;oGm;onf/ a'gojzifh t&yf½Snfudk vSrf;í atmfaiguf vdkufawmh\/ ]]wdwfprf; ... nDav;? igwdkU ½IH;wm[m ½IH;wmyJ ? uJ ... EGm;av;? igwdkUrif;udk ½IH;w,f?tck rif;BudKufovdk igwdkUudkpDpOfEdkifNyD}} [lusif;u ... ]]uRefawmfhtaeeJU bmrS awmif;qdkp&m r½Sdygbl;? q&mBuD;wdkUudk b,fvdkrS rpDpOfygbl;? uRefawmf aqmif½Gufaewmu tcsufwpfcsufwnf;aMumifhyg? q&mBuD;wdkU&J *dkPf; eJY tvif;rmef*dkPf;udk aMuat;oGm;atmif aqmif½Gufay;aewmyg}} t&yf½Snfu xyfrHatmf[pfvmjyefonf/ ]]'grjzpfEdkifao;wJhudpöyJ ? tcktopftqef;wpfckck NydKifzdkUawmif pOf;rSrpOf;pm;&ao;wm? tpfudkBuD;u bmjzpfvdkU aemufqkwfoGm;&wmvJ}} t&yfyk tbdk;BuD;u rsufarSmifBuD;om ukwfaeawmhonf/ pum;rajymawmh/ tckawmh olvufcHonf/ ol\*dkPf;wlnDav; t&yf½Snfonf ½l;½l;aygaygpdwfxm;rsdK; ½Sdaomfvnf; wpfyg;oloGufcsmyg' vnfoGm;aprnfh awma&muf awmifa&muf pum;rsm;jzifh wpfcgwpf&H t½IH;rS tEdkifodkUa&mufatmif pGrf;aqmifEdkifwwfay\ xdkUaMumifh y&dwfowfAdkvfyHktv,fwGif jrifraumif;Mum;raumif; jzpfaeaomfvnf; rodrom Nidrfaevdkufawmh\/ xdkpOf [lusif;u ... ]]q&mBuD;&JU oabmu b,fvdkjzpfapcsifvdkUvJ}}
542
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; t&yf½Snfu ... ]]igwdkU 0gqef;*dkPf;&JU tjyeftvSef "m;odkif;tpGrf;b,favmuf xufxufjrufjruf ½Sdw,fqdkwm rif;awGUzl;oGm;NyD r[kwfvm;}} [lusif;uNyHK;&if; jyefajzvdkufonf/ [lusif;\ tNyHK;t"dyÜm,fudk vlwdkif;vdkvdk o½kyfazmfwwfMuonf/ t&yfykurl qufírodcsif[ef aqmifaeonf/ ][kwfuJhq&mBuD;? uRefawmf aumif;aumif;odoGm;ygNyD}} ]]at; ... odoGm;&if aumif;aumif;rSwfxm;? wdkUvdkyJ cGef;vGef*dkPf;rSmvJ a&pkefa&qef "m;odkif;½Sdw,fvdkU wdUk Mum;xm;&w,f? 'D"m;odik ;f uvJ igwdUk 0gqef;*dP k ;f &JU tjyeftvSef "m;odik ;f vdyk J tpGr;f xufwm? 'D"m;odik ;f ESpcf [ k m wu,fht>rmyl; nDtpfudk "m;odkif;uG }} [lusif;u0ifaxmufvdkufonf/ ]][kwfrS [kwf&JUvm;Asm}} ]][kwfrS odyf[kwfayghuGm? 'D"m;odkif;ESpfckudkom yl;aygif;NyD; wdkufvdkuf&ifawmh tzdk tr?tyl tat;? tjyeftvSef? a&pkef a&qef? ydk;tdrfvdk tifrwef tuGufaphxufjrufwJh "m;odkif;ynmBuD; jzpfoGma&muG? tif; ... 'gayr,fh}} ]]'gayr,fh tpGrf;uodyfxuf vGef;oGm;awmh rif;igwdkUeJY wdkuf&JawmhrSm r[kwfawmh ygbl;av}} [lusif;ut&yf½SnfbufodkU pum;rajymawmhbJ cGef;vGef*dkPf;bufodkU vSnfhajymvdkufonf/ ]]cGef;vGef*dkPf;u b,fq&mBuD;xGufNyD; 'D"m;odkif;tuGufudk jyrSmvJ}} xdktcg t&yf½Snfu tavmwBuD; 0ifa&muf ajymqdkvdkufavonf/ ]]a[h ... a[h ... aeygOD;uG? cGef;vGef*dkPf;rSm wdkUESpfa,mufeJU wJGEdkifwJh vlqdkvdkU ][dkwdkufcsKH;} wdkUvifr,m; ESpfa,mufyJ ½Sdwm? wjcm;vlawGu igwdkUnDtpfudkeJU rwJGEdkifbl;uG? tif;av ... cGef;vGef*dkPf;u 'DESpfa,mufuvJ owÅd½SdOD;rSmyg}} tm;vHk;onfpdwfxJwGif usdwf&,faerdMuawmhonf/ t&yf½Snftbdk;BuD;onf ol\enf;y&d,m,fudk atmifjrifpGm toHk;jyKaeayNyD/ olajymaeonfh pum;rsm;onf tajymiftysufvdkvdk twnfvdkvdkESifh twnf,l r&aompum;rsm;om jzpfayonf/ odkUaomfolonf vlyg;vleyfBuD; wpfa,mufomjzpfayonf/ pum;emxdk;vsuf cGef;vGef*dkPf;\ xdyfoD;ESpfa,mufudk yJGcif;r0if 0ifatmif usKH;oGif;aejcif;om jzpfay\/ t&yf½Snf½Snf\ pum;rsm;onf [dkwdkufcsKH;ESifh olUZeD;pl;½SifwdkUtm; rsm;pGm tusOf;tusyf jzpfapawmhonf/ ql;Mum;rSbl;cg;uJhodkU rvl;om rvGefUom tajctaersdK;odkU qdkufa&mufapcJhavonf/ yJGcif;twGif; 0ifvQifvnf; tawmf wdkufcdkuf&rnfudk odaeonf/ rwddkufbJaevdkUr&atmifvnf; t&yf&Snfu pum;emxdk;aeonf/ pm;vnf;½l; qkyfvnf;ql; qdkaom tajctae omwnf;/ þodkUrwifrus rjywfrom; jzpfaeaom tajctaewGif t&yf½Snfonf ol\ y&d,m,f 0uftl&pfudk wpf&pf xyfwif;vdkufjyefonf/ ]]cGef;vGef*dkPf;u [dkwdkufcsKH;wdkU vifr,m;ESpfa,muf[m rif;udkwdkuf&JrSm r[kwfbl;uG? iguawmh tjypfrwifygbl;uGm? olwdkU&JU ]a&pkef a&qef} "m;odkif;[m aumif;awmh aumif;ygw,f? 'gayr,fh"m;uGufawG[m odyrf vGwv f yfMubl;? igwdUk 0gqef;*dP k ;f &JU tjyeftvSef "m;odik ;f eJU ,SOMf unfv h u kd af wmh ESpq f ifah vmuf edru hf saewm awGU&w,f? 'Dawmh rif;eJU b,fwdkuf&J rvJuGm}} xdkpum;udk Mum;vdkuf&aom tcgwGifrl pl;½Sifonf vHk;0rcHr&yfEdkif jzpfoGm;&awmhonf/ t&yf½Snf\ y&d,m,f ñGwfuGif;wGif; 0ifoGm;&jcif;jzpfayonf/ t&yf½Snfu 'D,kefjrifí 'DcsKHxGifxm;jcif;jzpfay\/ pl;½Sifonf ½kwfw&uf ckef;xGufvdkufNyD; rsufpdwpfrSdwf vQyfwpfjyuf twGif;olr\ "m;udkqJGxkwfum t&yf½SnfqDodkU xdk;oGif;vdkufonf/ olr\vSKyf½Sm;rSKü wpfpuúefUrQ &yfqdkif;oGm;jcif;r½Sd/ wpfqufwnf; wpfcsdefwnf; zswfceJ xdk;oGif;vdkufjcif;jzpfayonf/ tvGefjrefqefvSojzifh olronf "m;udkrnfodkU qJGxkwfvdkufonf? rnfodkU wdkufcdkufvdkufonfudk ½kwfw&uf rodvdkuf&ovdk jzpfoGm;Mu&onf/ 543
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; t&yf½Snfonf wpfcsufrQ wkefvSKyfacsmufcsm;oGm;NyD; ol\"m;jzifh csufcsif;ckcH vdkuf&onf/ olr\"m; t&yf½Snftem;odkU a&mufvkvktcsdefrSom t&yf½Snfuolr\"m;udk z,fxkwf Edkifvdkufjcif;jzpfayonf/ þodkU z,fxw k f vdu k jf cif;rSmvnf; t&yf½n S \ f ckcH vdu k o f nfh "m;uGuf tvGev f sifjrefaomaMumifo h m jzpfayonf/ wu,f pifppf t&yf½Snf\ "m;odkif;ynmrSmvnf; tvGeftqifhtwef;jrihfvSaom ynmomjzpfayonf/ pl;½SifESifht&yf½SnfwdkU ESpfa,mufonf wpfa,mufudkwpfa,mufpdwfwGif;rS csD;usL;vdkufMuonf/ t&yf½Snfu ... ]]tif; ... pl;½Sif&JU "m;csuf w,faumif;wmyJ}} [kawG;vdkufovdk pl;½Sif\ pdwfxJwGifvnf; ] tif; ... 0gqef;*dkPf;&JU "m;odkif;u b,fqdk;vdkUvJ? olwdkUeJYaygif;NyD; [lusif;udk wdkuf&ifawmh wu,fhudktpGrf;xufrSm aocsmw,f} [k awG;aerdonf/ xdkUaMumifh [dkwdkufcsKH;bufodkU pl;½Sifonf vSrf;atmf ac:vdkufonf/ ]]a[; ... ½Sif'Dbufudk vmcJhygvm;}} [dkwdkufcsKH;onf ZeD;jzpfolpl;½Sif\ trdefUMoZmudk vGefqef0Hhol r[kwfacs/ ZeD; cdkif;aporQudk vdkufvkyf &vsuf ZeD;ajymorQ acgif;ndwfae&oljzpfayonf/ odkUaomfvlxk y&dowfa½SUwGifrl *dkPf;csKyfBuD;\ [efyefrSifarmif; tjynfhjzifh ]tif;} [kwpfcsufxl;vsuf yJGcif;tv,fodkU xvmonf/ a½SUwGifi,fom;av;a,mufu OD;aqmifNcH&Hvsuf½SdNyD; aemufi,fom;ESpfa,mufrl ol\"m;udk ½dkaoav;pm;pGm udkifay;xm;&onf/ cef;rtv,fodkU a&mufaomtcgrS i,fom;rsm;u qkwfcGm oGm;Muonf/ [lusif;u [dkwdkufcsKH;\ tjyKtrludkNyHK;íom Munfhaevdkufonf/ pl;½Sifu ... ]]0gqef;*dkPf;&JU tjyeftvSef "m;odkif;u rqdk;bl;yJ}} t&yf½Snfu pyfNzJNzJ xDrxif[efjzifh jyefajymonf/ ]]aus;Zl;wifygw,f}} pl;½Sifonf olUa,musmf; [dkwdkufcsKH;udk rsufapmif;wpfcsufxdk;vdkufNyD; ... ]]bmjzpfvdkUMumaewmvJ ? igwdkUav;a,muf 'Daumifav;eJU upm;MunfhMuwmaygh}} olronf ajymajymqdkqdkESifh [lusif;udkpdkufMunfhvdkuf&m ½kwfw&ufyif tHhMoxdwf vefUoGm;rdawmh\/ ]]rif; ... rif;}} ,ckyJGwGif ynmpGrf; trsdK;rsdK;jyaeonfh [lusif;udk olwdkUodcJhzl;Muonf/ [lusifESifh olrwdkU cJGcGmpOftcsdefu [lusif;onf uav;t½G,f cefUom½Sdao;onf/ ,ckrl vlvm; ajrmufaeayNyD/ ESKwfcrf;arT;ppuav;vnf; ½Sdaejyefonf/ xdkUaMumifholrtaejzifh [lusif;udk ½kwfw&uf rrSwfrdjcif; jzpfonf/ ,ckaocsmpGm pl;pdkufMunfhawmh rSomvQif ½kyf&nftoGiftjyif? [efyeftrlt&mwdkUudk vHk;0rSwfrdvmawmhonf/ [lusif;u ... ]]twdwfZmwfaMumif;awGudk ajymraeeJUawmhAsdKU? usKyfudk EGm;av;vdkUom rSwfxm; vdkufayawmh}} pl;½Sifu csufcsif;oabmaygufoGm;onf/ [lusif;onf olUtrnf&if;udk þcef;rrS y&dwfowfrsm; odap csifyrkH &/ rdru d vnf;oabmwlygonf/ oabmrwlívnf; rjzpfacs tu,fírdru d ol\emrnf&if;udk tjcm;olrsm; odoGm;atmif vkyfcJhvQifoluvnf; rdrdwdkU vifr,m; olUtay:rnfodkU aus;Zl;uef;cJhonfrsm;udk jyefvnf zGifhcsayvdrfhrnf/ rdrdwdkU taejzifh þuJhodkU t½SufuJGrcHEdkifacs? xdkUaMumifh[lusif;\emrnf&if;udk jr§Kyfxm;&ef oabmwl rdjcif;jzpf\/ odkUESifh olru ... ]]EGm;av; ... rif;&JUodkif;ynmuawmh wu,fhudkwdk;wufvmygovm;? csD;usL;w,fa[h}} [lusif;uvnf; pl;½Sif\ t&dyfjytaumifxifonfh OmPf&nfudk usdwfí csD;usL;rdvdkufonf/ ESKwfrSvnf; ... ]]cifAsm;wdkU&JU "m;odkif;[m wu,femrnfausmfw,fvdkU usKyfMum;ae&wmyJ?cifAsm; wdkU usKyfudkwdkuf&ifawmh avsmhavsmhayghaygh wdkufayawmhAsdKU}} [dkwdkufcsHK;onf ol\"m;udk wqqjzifh udkifvdkufNyD; [lusif;udkar;vdkufonf/ ]]rif; bmvufeuf udkifrSmvJ}} [lusif;onf pl;½Sifudkom owdxm;aeojzifh [dkwdkufcsKH;udk arhavsmhaerdonf/ ,ckuJhodkUar;vdkufrSom [dw k u kd cf sK;H udk Munfv h u kd rf o d nf/ol\pdww f iG ;f 0,f twdw\ f t&dyw f Ukd udk wjznf;jznf;jyefvnf jrifa,mifvmrdonf/ 544
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [d k w d k u f c sKH ; qd k o nf h þvl , k w f r mBuD ; u rd r d t ay: rnf o d k U aus;Zl ; uef ; yH k r sm;ud k w&d y f & d y f jyefvnfowd&vmrdonf/wdkUaMumif ikwfvQdK;aeaom a'gorsm;onfvnf; wjznf;jznf;
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546
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571
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572
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579
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585
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589
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; trSwf&vdkufonfESifh tvefUwMum; atmfvdkufNyD; ... ]]apmapmu pm;aomufyJGrSmxrif;pm;MuwJh vlawGtm;vHk; jrif;ay:u qif;Mu? ajrBuD;ay:rSm vmxdkifMuyg? twGif;tm;udkxkwfNyD; trl;ajyatmif rBudK;pm;MuygeJU? 'Dtwdkif;yJ vmxdkifMuyg}} NyD;aemuf oluta&;wBuD; qufvufñTefMum;onf/ ]]tvHtig;cktzJGUeJU bdk;bdk;wdkUtzJGUu xdkifaewJhvlawG&JU av;bufav;wefu tumtuG,fay;xm;Muyg? ajrBuD;ay: xdik af ewJh olawGukd taumif;qH;k tumtuG,f ay;Mu&r,f? b,forl S tem;uyfrcHygeJU ?tem;uyfvmwJh vlawGudk owfomypfvdkuf}} csifxif;usuf\ tzJGUESifh tvHig;zJGUwdkUonf olwdkU\ "m;rsm;udk ½Trf;ceJjrnfatmif qJGxkwfvdkufNyD; &efa&miftp½Sdonfh acgif;aqmifrsm;\ av;bufav;wefrS 0dkif;0ef;um&HvdkufMuonf/ [lusif;onf aemufqHk;pum;udk atmf[pfrSmMum;NyD; xGufcGmoGm;onf/ ]}usKyfudk apmifhaeMu? usKyfjyefrvmrcsif; b,folrS 'Dae&muxGufcGmroGm;MuygeJU}} &efa&mifwdkUrSmrl rdrdwdkUtaejzifh acgif;rl;ouJhodkUom cHpm;ae&jcif;jzpfNyD; tjcm; rnfonfh a0'emudkrQ cHpm;&jcif;r½Sdojzifh *dkPf;csKyfBuD;\ ta&;wBuD;EdkifaerSKudk rnfodkUrQ em;rvnfEdkifbJ jzpfaeMuonf/ odkUaomf*dkPf;csKyfBuD;\ tpGrf;tpudk olwdkUtm;vHk;u vHk;0,HkMunfMuonf/ xdkUaMumifh[lusif;\ pum;udk wpfoa0rwdrf; em;axmifMuvsuf olUtrdefUtwdkif; ajrBuD;ay:wGif xdkifaevdkufMuawmhonf/ [lusif;rSmrl pd;k &dryf yl efpmG jzifh ausmufred \ f a*[modUk av[keu f o hJ Ukd ajy;vTm;vsuf ½Sad eayonf/ [lusif;tzdUk rpdk;&drf rylyefívnf;rjzpfacs/ rdrd\ ayghqrSKaMumifh rdrd*dkPf;om;rsm; tqdyfoifh cHcJhMu&jcif; r[kwfygvm;/ onftqdyf wufvmonfESifh oHk;em&D twGif; toufaoqHk;&ayawmhrnf/ tu,fítcsdefrD ajzaq;om&atmif r,lEdkifcJhvQif rdrd\*dkPf;om;rsm;udk rdrdowfypfovdk jzpfaeawmhrnf/ rdrt d aejzifrh l acsmufxüJ zm;om;ESix hf ;l qef;aom opfo;D rsm;udk pm;aomufc&hJ onfjzpfí tqdyrf oifEh ikd af cs/ olonfa*[ma½SUodkU a&mufaomtcg wHcg;rBuD;udk vSpfceJjzwfausmf0ifa&mufcJh&m wHcg;apmifhonf toHwpfcsufMum;vdkufojzifh vSnfhMunfhvdkufaomfvnf; vl&dyfyif rawGUvdkuf&acs/ [lusif;pm;aomufcef;twGif; a&muf½Sdvmonfh tcsdefwGif ausmufrdefonf pmtkyf wpftkyfudk zwfaeaMumif;awGU&\/ olronf [lusif;\ajcoHudk Mum;&í vSnfhMunfhNyD; NyHK;vdkufonf/ xdktcg [lusif;u ... ]]ausmufrdef cifAsm;qDu yef;yGifhwpfyGifhavmuf vdkcsifygw,f? tJ'gudk aus;Zl;jyKNyD; ay;prf;yg}} [lusif;tjrifhodkU ½kwfw&uf ckefwufoGm;NyD; a&uefxJü aygufaeonfh yef;yif ½SpfyifcefUudk wpfNydKifeuf Ekwf,lum tcef;xJodkU jyefvnfckef0ifvmonf/ xdkpOf ... vQdKU0Sufvufeufrsm;jzifh w½TD½TD ypfcwfoHudk Mum;vdkuf&ojzifh ol\ tusÐvufp wpfbufjzifh &pfywfodrf;,lvdkuf ouJhodkU jyKvkyfvdkuf&m vQdKU0Sufvufeuf uav;rsm; tm;vHk;ol\ tusÐp xJüxdk;pdkufvsuf ½Sdaeawmhonf/ cPcsufcsif;yifol\ tusÐp udk jyefvnf ½dkufxkwfvdkuf&m vQdKU0Suf vufeufuav;rsm;onf ausmufrdef xHodkU jyefvnf xdk;pdkufoGm;Muawmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf vsifjrefpGmab;odkU ckefa½Smifvdkufonf/ tcef;xJ½Sd vufzuf&nf Murf;tdk;? yef;uef? cGufa,mufrsm;onf [lusif;\ tusÐvufprS wkefcgxGufvmonfh avvSdKif;'PfaMumifh tm;vHk;vGifhpOf uJGaMuukefawmh\/ [lusif;onf olcl;jzwfvmonfh yef;yifrsm;udk Munfhvdkuf&m ajzaq;rSef; odvdkufí pdwfat;oGm;onf/ yef;yiftm;vHk;udk ol\&ifcGiftwGif;odkU xdk;xnfhvdkufonf/ ausmufrdeftm; ajymvdkufonf/ ]]aus;Zl;wifygw,f? oGm;vdkufygOD;r,f}} ausmufrdefonf rcdk;rcefU NyHK;&,fvdkuf&if; ... ]]½Sifvmwkef;u vG,fayr,fh jyefxGufzdkUawmh vG,fw,f rxifeJU}} olronf ajym&if;qdk&if; pmtkyfMum;xJrS yg;vTmaom "m;wdkuav; ESpfacsmif;udk qJGxkwfí [lusif;udk wdkufcdkufavawmhonf/ 594
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdo k Ukd axmufvu kd Nf yD;onfEiS hf rdr\ d aepMumtwGi;f tm;udk xkwí f ? oGi;f vdu k f jyef½w k o f rd ;f vdu k f ponfjzifh toGm;tjyef vSnfhvnfaeatmif vkyfaevdkufonf/ ½HkcRef taMumqdkonfrSm tvGef,m;apaom taMumjzpfí [lusif;\twGif;tm; jzifh arTvdkufaomtcg ausmufrdefonf ratmifhEdkifawmhbJ wcpfcpf &,farmaerdawmh onf/ olronf ½kef;z,f&efBudK;pm;vdkufaomfvnf; taMumudk xdk;ydwfvdkufojzifh r½kef; uefEdkifawmhacs/ xdk½HkcRef taMum\ ,m;,Hjcif;onf acwÅcP jzpfygu pnf;pdrfwpfrsdK; cHpm;Edkif onf jzpfaomfvnf; qufwdkuf cHpm;vm&onfhtcgrl tvGef tcH&cufaom a0'em wpfrsdK;jzpfvmawmhonf/ aemufqHk;wGif ausmufrdefonf &,f&if; &,f&if;rS tvGeftcH&cufonfh tqihfodkU a&muf½SdNyD; idk&onfh tqifhodkUa&mufvmawmh\/ [lusif;onf þuJhodkU tEdkiftxuf jyKrlrSKrsm;udk ESpfoufonfr[kwfaomfvnf; rdrd\ *dkPf;om; trsm;tjym;\ toufudk u,fq,f&ef twGuf pdwfwif;íqufwdkuf jyKvkyfvdkuf&m ausmufrdefcrsm ol\tonf;ESvHk;rsm;onf yg;pyfxJrS ckefxGufawmh ra,mif a0'em tjyif;txef cHpm;vdkuf&awmh\ olronf a0'em cHpm;ae&if;rS atmf[pf qJqdkaeao;onf/ ]]acG; ... acG;aumifav;? eif ... eif ... wpfaeUus&if ightaMumif;od&r,f? awmfygNyD? awmfygNyD? awmfygawmh usef;[lusif; *dkPf;csKyfBuD; ? vTwfygawmh}} ]]cifAsm; usKyfudk vTwfrvm;? rvTwfbl;vm;ajym}} ausmufrdefonf idk&if; ... ]]vTwf ... vTwfygawmhr,f? uRefr ajcaxmufudk vTwfygawmh}} [lusif;onf pdwfcsoGm;NyD; ... ]]pdwfr½SdygeJUAsm? usKyfu vkyfcsifvGef;vdkU r[kwfygbl;? usKyfvlawG&JU toufudk u,fp&m ½SdaevdkUyg}} olr\ ajcaxmufudk vTwfay;vdkufNyD; taMumudkvnf; ajzay;vdkuf\/ ausmufrdefonf toufudk jyif;xefpGm ½SLvdkuf&if; [lusif;tm; qJqdkvdkufonf/ ]]acG;aumif;av; ... ighzdeyfudk jyef0wfay;}} [lusi;f onf zdeyfukd udik í f olr\ajcz0g;udk vSr;f qkyv f u kd o f nf/ xdt k cg [lusi;f \ taoG;tom;rsm;onf ½kwfjcnf;ylaEG;vmvsuf wkefvSKyfacsmufcsm;oGm;onf/ apmapmwkef;url ol\vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf pdwfaZmoefaeojzifh tawGUtxd tm½Hkudk owdrxm;rdacs/ ,ckrlolronf pdwfat;vufat;jzifh jzLazG;El;nHhaom ajcz0g; uav;rsm;udk udkifvdkufrdaomtcg wpfudk,fvHk; wkefwkef,if,if jzpfvmawmhonf/ ausmufrdefonfvnf; [lusif;enf;wl cHpm;vdkuf&ojzifh ajcaxmufudk ½kwfw&uf jyef½kyfvdkufrdonf/ olr\rsufESmuav;onfvnf; ½SufaoG;wufvsuf &J&JeDaeawmhonf tarSmifxJwGif jzpfonfrdkU [lusif;taejzifh owdrjyKrdvdkufacs/ olronf NidrfoufpGmjzifh olr\zdeyfudk olUbmomjyef0wfaeonf/ xdkodkUudk,fpD NidrfoufaeMuonfhtcdkuf olr\pdwfxJwGif xl;jcm;qef;Mu,faom cHpm;csufwpfck ay: vmonf/ xdkcHpm;csufum; ... [lusif;u olr\ajcz0g;udk xyfudkifapcsifaom pdwfqE´yif wnf;/ xdkpOf [lusif;u ... ]]jrefjrefvkyfav? usKyf tjyifxGufcsifvmNyD}} olronf rnfodkUrQ jyefrajymawmh/ eH&H wpfae&mwGif vufacsmif;uav;jzifh acgufvdkufonf/olronf tcsdef;tcsuf jyKvkyfxm;onfh oauFwtwdkif; acgufvdkuf jcif;omjzpfonf/ xdkodkU acgufvdkufonfESifh tay:rS tzHk;wHcg;0 tvdkvdkyGifhvmonf/ [lusif;onf tHhMo0rf;omoGm;onf/ þrQ jrefjrefqefqef jzpfvdrfhrnf[kvnf; rxifcJh/ ]]uJ ... usKyfwdkU xGufMupdkU}} ausmufrdefonf acgif;iHkUvsuf ab;em;wGif&yfum Nidrfoufaeonf/ 600
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf rdef;rom;wpfa,mufjzpfaom olrtay: n§if;yef;ESdyfpufrdcJhonf wdkUudk jyefvnf pOf;pm;rdojzifh rsm;pGmpdwfraumif; jzpfoGm;onf/ xdkUaMumifh ol\ udk,fudk wpfcsuf udkif;ñGwfvdkufNyD; ... ]]ausmufrdef ... apmapmwkef;u rwwfomvdkU vkyfcJh&wJh tjyKtrlawGtwGuf usKyf awmif;yefygw,f}} ausmufrdefonf olr\udk,fudk csmceJvSnfhum [lusif;udk ausmckdif;ypfvdkufonf olr\ ycHk;onf wkefwkef,if,ifESifh vSKyf½Sm;aeonfudk Munfh&jcif;tm;jzifh idk½SdKufae[ef wlonf/ [lusif;onf ,ckrS ausmufrdef\tvStyudk cHpm;vdkufrdonf/ apmapmurl olr ESifh olrESifhOmPfcsif;NydKif pdwfarmae&ojzifh olr\tvStyrsm;udk owdrjyKrdcJh/ ,ckrl aMumh½Sif;vSyaom udk,fcE¨m? jzLazG;ao;oG,faom vnfwdkifaMumhaMumhuav;udk awGU& aomtcg Muifemoem;onfh pdwfrsm; ay:xGufvmcJhonf/ [lusif;onf wdk;nif;aom avoHuav;jzifh ESKwfqufvdkufonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ... usKyf oGm;awmhr,faemf? usKyfxyfawmif;yefcJhygw,f}} ausmufrdef\c E¨mudk,fuav;onf wpfcsuf vSKyf½Sm;oGm;onf/ [lusif;u olvSnfhvdkufNyD[k xifvdkufrdonf/ odkUaomfausmufrdefonf ol\OD;acgif;udk tenf;i,frQyif apmif;iJhrMunfhawmhacs/ [lusif;onf tcsdefrqJG&JawmhbJ wGif;xJrS ckefxGufvdkufonf/ tcdkuftwefU twGif; [lusif; wkefvSKyfoGm;&\ taMumif;rSm rGef*dkjrif;wyfwpfwyfonf olwdkU\ tvif;rmef*dkPf;om;rsm;udk 0dkif;0ef; wdkufcdkuf vsuf½SdaMumif; awGUjrif&aomaMumifh jzpf\/ [lusif;tvGef pdwfylaeonf/ ol\pdwfxJwGifvn;f ... ]]igwdUk *dP k ;f &JU acgif;aqmifawGtm;vH;k tqdyo f ifah ewm b,fou l OD;aqmifEikd f awmhrmS vJ? 'DreG *f pkd pfwyfukd b,fvdkckcH EdkifawmhrSmvJ? 'ku©ygyJ}} olonf þodkUawG;rdavav ol\t½Sdefudkjr§ifhíajy;avavjzifh aemufqHk;wdkufyJG teD;odkU a&mufoGm; awmhonf/ xdkpOfMunfvifatmifjrifvSaom rdef;uav; toHwpfoH udk [lusif;Mum;vdkuf&onf/ ]]a&TtvHtzJGU ta½SUajrmufbufudk wdkuf? a&tvH tzJGUu taemufawmifbufudk wdkuf}} toH½iS u f m; a½Smifacsmif;wnf;? olr\ trdeUf ay;oHtwdik ;f tvif;rmef *dP k ;f om; rsm;onf wufnv D ufnD wdkufcdkufvsuf½SdaeMuonf/ rGef*dkppfwyfonf a½Smifacsmif;\ OD;aqmifwGef;vSefaerSKudk rnfodkUrQ xdk;azmufjcif; rjyKEdkifawmhojzifh tv,faumifrSxdkifaeMuonfh acgif;aqmifydkif;udk rnfodkUrQ 'ku© ray;EdkifMuawmhacs/ usef;[lusif;onf oHk;av;csufrQ ckefvdkufonfhtcg olwdkU*dkPf;om;rsm;bufodkU a&mufoGm;awmh\/ tvif;rmef*dkPf;om;rsm;onf olwdkU\ *dkPf;csKyfBuD; jyefa&mufvmonfudk awGU&aomtcg tvGef tm;wuf0rf;om oGm;Muojzifh rd;k aumif;uifyiG x hf u G rf wwf atmf[pfvsuf MobmoHay;um rGe*f pkd pfwyfukd w&Murf; 0ifa&mifxkd;ckwfMuawmhonf/ &efa&mifwdkU acgif;aqmifydkif;onf ol\trdefUtwdkif; ajrjyifwGifxdkifvsuf ½SdaeMuNyD; ? a½Smifacsmif;onf awmifukef;av;wpfckay:wGif &yfum tvif;rmef*dkPf;udk OD;aqmifaeonfudk awGU½Sdvdkuf&onf/ a½Smifacsmif;onf [lusif; jyefa&mufvmonfudk awGU½Sdaomtcg 0rf;omtm;& vSrf;ac:vdkuf\/ ]]tpfudkav; ... vmyg ... vmyg ... tpfudkav; trdefUwpfcsufay;vdkufwmeJU 'DwyfawG vefoGm;rSmyJ}} [lusif;u ... ]]rif;yJ qufNyD; OD;aqmifvdkuf a½Smifacsmif;a&? igwyfaemufydkif;udk oGm;NyD; olwdkU ppfAdkvfudk oGm;zrf; vdkufOD;r,f? olwdkUudk aemufqkwfzdkU 'geJU tusyfudkif&r,f}} xdkpOf c&moHwpfckudk ½kwfw&uf Mum;vdkuf&NyD; jrif;q,fpD;cefU wdkufyJGjzpfae&m odkU 'kef;pdkif; pD;vmaeMuonf/ [lusif;url tvGef rsufpdvsifvSonf/ xdkvlodkufudk jrifvdkuf&onfESifh rnfol rnf0gawG jzpfaMumif; odvdkufNyD; jzpfayonf/ xdkolrsm;onf tjcm;olrsm;r[kwfMu/ ausmufrdef\ udk,f&Hawmf rkqdk;rsm;jzpfMuaom av;orm; ½Spfa,mufESifh olwdkU\tzJGU0ifrsm;omwnf;/ 601
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602
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf yef;yGifhuav;udkudkifí ]a&mh} [kajymNyD;ypfpdkufvdkuf&m a½Smifacsmif;\ qHyifMum;wGif xdk;pdkufoGm;avawmhonf/ a½Smifacsmif;onf xdkyef;yGifhuav;udk jyefjzKwf&ef vuf[efjyifvdkufonf/ a½Smifacsmif;onf yg;uav;ESpfbuf eD&Jvsufacgif;ikHYxm;&if;rS ... ]]uRefruvdkcsifygw,f? 'gayr,fh ocifrav; &efa0awGUoGm;&if pdwfqdk;aerSm pdk;&drfvdkUyg}} ]]rif;'DaeU igwdkU*dkPf;twGuf 'Davmufawmif tusdK;jyKcJhwmyJ? rif;udk &efa0 r,HkouFmjzpfp&m rvdkawmhygbl;? uJ ... ,loGm;ayawmh}} xdkrS a½SUc&D;odkU qufMu&jyefonf/ [lusif;wdUk vlou kd o f nf vrf;c&D;wpfavQmufv;kH ü ausmufred t f aMumif;om ajymqdv k mrdMuonf/ odUk aomf ausmufrdef\ Zpfjrpftajctaeudkrl rnfolwpfa,mufrQ odrxm;Muacs/ þodkUjzifh aemufqHk;wGif a½Smifvif bk&m;ausmif; wnf½Sd&m a½SmifqufawmfodkU a&muf½SdvmMuawmhonf/ [lusif;onf ol\emrnfjzifh a&;xm;aom pmwpfapmifudk vlvTwfí a½Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;odkU BudKwifay;ydkUcdkif;vdkufonf/ [lusif;onf a½Smifvifausmif;odkU r0ifrD tpDtpOfwpfck jyifqifa&;qJGxm;&onf olUtaejzifh a½Smifvif ausmif;awmfESifh rwdkufcdkufvdk odkUaomf a½Smifvifausmif;u wdkufcdkufvmvQif rnfodkUckcH&ygrnfenf;? xdkUaMumifh þtpDtpOfudka&;qJGxm;jcif;jzpfonf/ [lusif;\tpDtpOft& tvHig;zJGUESifh bdk;bdk;csifxif;usufwdkU vltm;vHk;onf awmifay:odkU ½SKcif;rsm;udk vma&mufMunfh½SKMuonfh c&D;onfrsm;tjzpf [efaqmifcdkif; vdkufNyD; vlrsm;udk jzefUxm;vdkufonf/ rdrd\ avcRefoH Mum;onfhtcgrS a½Smifvif ausmif;xJodkU 0if&ef jyifqifvdkufMuonf/ xdkpOf BudKwifpmay;cdkif;vdkufonfh *dkPf;om;onf tHhMowkefvSKyfpGmjzifh jyefajy; xGufvmonfudk awGUvdkufMu&onf/ xdkolonf [lusif;udk t½dktaoay;NyD; tajctaeudk wifjyowif;ydkUonf/ a½Smifvif ausmif;wdkufwGif vl[lí wpfa,mufrQ r½Sdawmh[lonfh owif;yifwnf;/ [lusif;wdkUtvGeftHhMooGm;Muonf/ trSefwu,ftm;jzifh vnf;vlt&dyfta,mif wpfckrQ rawGUMu&awmh/ ausmif;wdkuftm;vHk; [mvm[if;vif; jzpfaeacsNyD/ ol w d k U tm;vH k ; onf wm;rmtaqmif o d k U oG m ;Munf h M uonf wpf a ,muf r Qr½S d usrf ; pmtk y f r sm; odrf;qnf;xm;aom yd#duwfwdkufwGifvnf; rnfonfhypönf;rQr½Sdawmh avmf[efUtaqmifwGifvnf; vufeufrsm; vHk;0rawGU&awmh tm;vHk;[mvm[if;vif; jzpfaeavNyD/ [lusi;f wdUk onftjzpftysurf sKd ;udk vH;k 0arQmv f ifh xm;Muonfr[kwf xdUk aMumifh yifow l Ukd \ *dP k ;f om;rsm;udk ½k y f z suf í wyf j zef U xm;cJ h M uao;onf r[k w f y gvm;? ,ck r S vH k ; 0rarQmf v if h o nf h tjzpf t ysuf r sm;ud k awGUvdkuf&aomtcg wpfa,mufudkwpfa,muf ai;aMumifMunfhaerdMuawmhonf/ a½Smifvif*dkPf;BuD;rSm þurÇmavmutwGif;rS vHk;0aysmufuG,foGm;oa,mif xifrSwfaeMu&awmhonf/ xdkpOf ... [lusif;onf ½kwfw&uf wpfpHkwpfckudkawGUjrifvdkuf&aom trlt&mjzifh wm;rmbk&m; ausmif;aqmif\ ta½SUbufuGif;jyifBuD;qDodkU ajy;xGufoGm;onf olonf opfyifBuD;wpfyif\yifpnfü vufeufwpfpHkwpf&mjzifh ckwfxpfxm;aomt&mwpfckudk awGUvdkufrdaomaMumifhjzpfayonf/ xd k t cg ol w d k U \ ab;ywf v nf u d k a ocsmpG m avh v mppf a q;vd k u f a omtcg rmausmaom Murf;cif;ausmufay:wGif ajc&myg;yg;rsm;udk awGU&onfhtjyif "m;jzifh ckwfxpfrd xm;aomt&mrsm; tjcm;vufeuf rsdK;pHkwdkUjzifh ckwfxpfrdxm;aom t&mrsm;udk awGUMu& jyefonf/ csLxif;u &efa½Smiftm;vSr;f ar;vdu k o f nf tjzpfrsm;onf xl;qef;vSNyD; awmfawmfav; OD;aESmufOmPfo;kH í pOf;pm;&rnfhudpör[kwfygvm; xdkUaMumifh &efa½Smiftm; ar;vdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ ]]&efa½Smif 'gb,fvdkjzpfwmvJ}} xdktcg &efa½Smifu ... ]]'guodyf½Sif;ygw,fuGm vGefcJhwJhoHk;av;&ufavmufu a½Smifvifausmif;wdkufxJ rSm tjyif;txefqHk; wdkufyJGBuD;wpfyJGjzpfcJh&r,f 'guaocsmw,f 'gayr,fh a½Smifvif *dkPf;BuD;wpfckvHk; okwfoifypfcH&w,f rcH&bl; qdkwmawmh igvnf;taotcsm rajymEdkifbl;}} zef[dkqef;uvnf; ol\xifjrifcsufudk0ifar;onf/ 604
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605
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606
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
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610
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611
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613
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614
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ½kwfw&uf wHcg;0bufrS t&m0w¦Kwpfckonf ]0kef;}ceJ xdkvlxHodkU usa&mufvm&m xdkvlonf vuf0g;jzifh xdkt&m0w¦KBuD;udk½dkufcsvdkufonf/ xdkpOf xdkt&m0w¦KxJrS tm;ceJ emusifpGm atmf[pfoHwpfcsufMum;vdkuf&NyD; xdkt&m0w¦KtdwfBuD;xJrS vlwpfa,muf vGifhpOfxGufusvmawmhonf/ xdkvl\ ½dkufcsufonftvGefjyif;xefvSojzifh tdwfxJrS vlonftouf½SifEdkifp&m taMumif; r½Sdawmhacs/ xdkvlonf rarQmfvifhaom tjzpftysufaMumifh ½kwfw&uf wkefvSKyfoGm;\ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olonf tdwBf uD;udt k m½Hpk u kd í f ½du k v f u kd pf Of w'*FtwGi;f a0&du olU aemufoUkd vQyfwpfjyuf a&muf½v dS mum jyif;xefvo S nfh a&cJvuf0g;odkif;jzifh ½dkufcsvdkufí jzpfayonf/ xdkvlonf wkefvSKyfoGm;onfESifhtwl a'gorsm; wzsOf;zsOf;xGufvmojzifh ol\ vuf0g;apmif;jzifh a0&d\ acgif;udk ½dkufcsvdkuf\/ xdkvuf0g;apmif;udk a0&d*½krpdkufbJ w[m;[m;&,fum ol\a&cJvuf0g;odkif;jzifhom qufwdkuf½dkufcsaeavawmh\/ a0&d u xd k v l \ vuf 0 g;apmif ; ud k rrS K onf r S m vnf ; rrS K avmuf p &myif / tb,f a Mumif h q d k a omf xdkolU½dkufcsufonf vrf;ckvwftwGif;tm;jywfoGm;um vufrSm aysmhacG oGm;awmhonf/ xdkpOf wHcg;0bufrS tdwfwpfvHk;udkudkifí vlwpfa,muf0ifvmonf/ tvif;rmef *dkPf;rS apmykwufwnf;? apmykwuftzdkU vrf;ütaESmifht,Suf twm;tqD;rsm;udk rawGU ½SdcJh&ojzifh þodkUtcsdefrD vdkufvmEdkifjcif;jzpfonf/ apmykwufonfusef;qef;zkef;em;ü 'l;axmufxdkif t½dktaoay;um ... ]]tvif;rmef*dkPf; ... *dkPf;csKyfBuD; usef;[lusif;&JU vufatmufi,fom;? apmykwufu q&mBuD; usef;qef;zkef;udk t½dktaoay;ygw,f}} usef;qef;zkef;u ... ]]apmykwuf ... rif;yifyef;oGm;NyD? cP tem;,lvdkufygOD;}} apmykwufu ... ]]q&mBuD;usef;qef;zkef;cifAsm;? uRefawmfwdkU tvif;rmef*dkPf;&JU vuf0J&H &efa&mif? rsufcHk;jzL tvHacgif;aqmif csifxif;usuf? *dkPf;apmifhrif; ig;yg; ½SdwJhtxJu rif;av;yg; eJU tvHig;zJGU tzJGUom;awG [lwef;awmifudk a&mufaeMuygNyD? q&mBuD; vufydkufNyD;om Munfhaeyg? tvif;rmef*dkPf;tppfu 'D*dkPf;twkBuD;udk b,fvdk½Sif;ypfw,fqdkwm rsufjrifudk,fawGU awGU&ygapr,f}} trSefpifppf apmykwufajymaeonfh yk*¾dKvfrsm;onf wpfa,mufrQ [lwef;awmifodkU a&muf½Sdaejcif; r½Sdao;yg/ olwdkU*dkPf;om;tm;vHk;onf þrQjrefjrefawmh ra&mufEdkifMuyg/ odkUaomf tajctaeudkoHk;oyfvdkufNyD; [efESifh acsmufvdkufjcif;omjzpfonf/ apmykwuf\pum;onf tñSmudk udkifvSKyfvdkufouJhodkU ausmufrdef wkefvSKyf acsmufcsm;oGm;onf/ xdkUaMumifh olronfvTwfceJ ar;vdkuf\/ ]]usef;[lusif;aum ... ½SifwdkU&JU *dkPf;csKyfBuD; usef;[lusif;aum? olUudkac:xkwf vkdufprf;yg}} &Dwdkuf½Tif\ xrf;pifab;em;ü &yfaeaom usef;[lusif;udk vHk;0rodojzifh þodkU ar;vdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ [lusif;url vGefpGm0rf;ajrmufoGm;onf/ ,ck olwpfa,mufwnf; r[kwfawmh/ ol\ vuf½Hk;ESpfa,muf a&mufvmayNyD/ [lusif;ESifh ywfoufonfh ar;cGef;udk tar;cHvdkuf&onfh apmykwufonf a0&dudk pHkprf;onfh[efjzifh vSrf;Munfhvdkufonf/ a0&donf usef;[lusif;ESifhtwlwl yxrqHk;xGuf cGmoGm;ol r[kwfygvm;/ odkUaomf ... a0&d rsufESmay:wGifvnf; rnfuJhodkU jyeftajzay;&rnfudk rodouJh odkUjzpfaeayonf/ xdktajctaeudk ausmufrdefuaumif;pGm tuJcwfrdoGm;onf/ xdkU aMumifh NyHK;&,f&if; ]]'DESpfa,mufwnf;eJU bmrsm;wwfEdkifrSmrdkUvJ? [if; ... [if;}} odkUaomf olr\pum;oHyif rqHk;vdkufao;? cef;rBuD;\ ta½SUbufaxmifhrS &,foHwpfck xGufay:vmNyD; ... ]]apmykwuf ... &efa&mifa&mufaeNyDvm;}} toHü tm;rmefjynfh0vSonfh odrf;iSufrif;csifxif;usuf a&muf½Sdvmjcif;aywnf;/ 618
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619
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621
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
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626
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630
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdktcg clwdkonf "m;udk jyefay;vsufab;bufodkU avQmufxGufoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;\ pdwfxJwGif... ]]'Dcg;ukef;BuD;clwdkU&JU odkif;ynmu [dkvuf0g;apmif; tbdk;BuD;ESpfa,mufxuf awmif awmfaeyguvm;? ol&JUtwGif;tm; tajctaeawmhrod&bl;? pum;vHk;0rajymbJ vuf[efajc[efeJU ajymaeyHkaxmuf&ifawmh t rsm;aeovm;rqdEk ikd b f ;l ? 'gayr,fh olUem; uawmhMum;ae&wmyJ? em;Mum;&if tt awmhrjzpfEikd b f ;l 'Dvw l pfcck ak wmh wpfckckyJ}} xdkpOfausmufrdefonf ckH;wHk*dkPf;rS odkif;orm;wpfa,mufudk ac:vdkufjyefonf/NyD; aemufcHk;wHk\ vuf0g;apmif; odkif;uGufudk avhusihfjyefawmhonf/ NyD;aemufausmufrdefu ]]rsuf
642
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645
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647
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649
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf tvGeftHhMooGm;rdonf/ qGHUtaeolyrm [efaqmifxm;onfh cg;ukef;BuD;clwdkonf rdrdwdkU tvif;rmef*dkPf;BuD;\ vuf,m&HBuD; jzpfaeacsonf wum;/[lusif;onf &efa&mifwdkUudkpl;prf;ar;jref;aom tMunfhjzifhMunfhvdkuf onf/ &efa&mifESifha0&dwdkUonf tvGeftm;&½Tifvef;vsuf ½SdaMumif;[lusif; awGUvdkuf&ojzifh [lusif;onf 'l;axmufaeaom zef;a&mifudk uref;uwef; qJGxlvdkufrdonf/ ]]vuf,m&HBuD; xyg ... xyg}} xdkpOf &efa&mifESifh a0&dwdkUonf zef;a&mif\ vufESpfbufudkqkyfudkifvsuf zef;a&mif\rsufESmudk MunfhvdkufMuNyD; rsuf&nfawGawGusrdMuawmhonf/ &efa&mif u ... ]]tpfudkBuD; zef;a&mifudk uRefawmfwdkUtNrJwrf; owd&aerdwmyJ}} zef;a&mifuolwdkUudk jyefvnfayGUzufNyD; cifrifMuifempGmjzifh ESpfodrfh vdkufonf ]]nDav; ... tckigwdkUudk bk&m;ocifu apmifraeygNyDuGm? igwdkUnDtpfudk wpfawG jyefawGUMu&wmawG tifrwefawmfwJh *dkPf;csKyfBuD;wpfa,muf &aewmawG[m bk&m;ocif Munfh½SK apmifrvdkUayhguGm}} &efa&mifu ... ]]tpfudkBuD;&JU rsufESmu b,fhES,fh 'DvdkjzpfoGm;&wmvJ[if? uRefawmfwdkUawmif rrSwfrdawmhbl;? e*dk½kyf&nfay:atmif renf;Munfh,l&w,f}} zef;a&mifu ... ]]'DvdkrS rvkyf&ifvJ [dkvlqdk;BuD; rdk;BudK;vufoD;½Sif csefcGef;udk b,fvdk oGm;vdrfnmvdkU&awmhrSmvJ nDav;&? rsufESmudk 'Dvdkvkyf½Hkwif rubl;? ajcaxmufudkyg axmheif;axmheif; jzpfatmif wrif½dkufcsdK;ypfvdkuf&wm}} [lusif;wdkUoHk;a,mufonf zef;a&mif\pum;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg MuufoD;wjzef;jzef; xoGm;Muvsuf wuRwfuRwfjzifh pkwo f yfrMd uawmhonf/ zef;a&mif\ pum;udv k nf; t"dygÜ ,f aygufvu kd Mf uonf/ zef;a&mifþodUk ½kyfzsuf&jcif;rSm tvif;rmef*dkPf;csKyfBuD;&efazmhxif; aoqHk;&onfh taMumif;&if;udk pHkprf;&efyifjzpfayonf/ &efa&mifonf zef;a&mif\pum;aMumifh olUpdwrf sm; rsm;pGmvSKyf½mS ;wke, f if oGm;rdawmhonf/ a0&donfvnf; zef;a&miftm; 'l;axmuft½dktao ay;vdkufum... ]]vuf,m&HBuD; ... vif;qJGrif;a0&du vuf,m&HBuD;udk &ifxJu vSdKufvSdKufvSJvSJ av;pm;csD;usL;rdwJh taMumif; tav;teufajymMum;yg&ap}} &efa&mifonf pd;k &draf omrsufEmS jzifh ywf0ef;usift&yfav;rsufEmS pvH;k udk vSnyhf wftuJcwfMunf½h KS vdu k \ f / NyD;aemuf ]]'Dae&mrSm pum;ajymvdkUodyfraumif;bl;? tEÅ&m,fawGu 0dkif;0dkif; vnfaewm[dka½SUbufu awmifukef;rSm vlolt&dyfta,mif vHk;0rawGU&bl;? tJ'DrSm oGm;pum; ajymMu&atmif}} olwdkUav;a,mufonf awmifukef;xdyfodkU a&mufonfhtcg 0dkif;xdkifí pum;ajymMuonf/ þae&modkU a½S;½SKvmrnfh rnfolUudkrqdk olwdkUut&ifOD;pGm jrifawGU&rnf/ xdkUjyifolwdkUpum;udk acsmif;ajrmif;em;axmifrnfh ab;tEÅ&m,f udkvnf; rpdk;&drf&awmhacs/ ,cifu tvif;rmef*dkPf;csKyfBuD; &efazmhxif;½kwfw&uf aysmufuG,foGm; aomtcg tvif;rmef*dkPf;½Sd xdyfoD;odkif;orm;rsm;onf *dkPf;csKyfBuD;ae&mudk qufcHEdkif&ef tvkt,uftNydKiftqdkif BudK;pm;Muawmhonf/ zef;a&mifrSmrl þae&mvkyJGBuD;wGif vHk;0ryg0ifbJ? &efazmhxif;udk ½SmazG&ef odkif;avmutwGif;odkU vG i f h o G m ;awmh \ / ol r nf r Q Bud K ;yrf ; ½S m azG y gaomf v nf ; &ef a zmh x if ; ud k vH k ; 0rawG U &awmh a y/ xd k U jyif tvif;rmef*dkPf;BuD;onfvnf; aemufqHk;wGif wuJGwjym;jzpfoGm;NyDudk awGU½Sd&aomtcg zef;a&mifonf pdwf"mwf tBuD;tus,f usqif;oGm;NyD; olwpfa,mufwnf; odkif;avmutwGif; avvGifh aevdkufawmh\/ BuHpnfaomfvnf; rjzpf? rBuHpnfaomfvnf; jzpf\qdo k nfh pum;twdik ;f n wpfnwGif ysufp;D ,d, k iG ;f aom bk&m;ausmif;ysufwpfckü 0ifa&muf rdk;cdk tem;,laepOf rdk;BudK;vufoD;½Sif csefcGef;ESifh a½Smifvifbkef;BuD;cHk;usufwdkU twlwuG0ifa&muf vmonfudkawGUvdkuf&awmhonf/ csefcGef;onf tvif;rmef*dkPf;csKyfBuD; &efazmhxif;\ *dkPf;wlnDjzpfaMumif;udkrl zef;a&miftaejzifh aumif;pGmod½Sdayonf/ 650
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653
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654
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; onfar;cGef;uav;u [lusif;\OD;acgif;udk rdk;BudK;ypfvdkufonfESifh wlvSonf/ onfar;cGef;rsdK; ar;vmvdrfhrnf[k vHk;0rxifrSwfcJh/ rGef*dktrsdK;orD; jzpf aeí tvGefyGifhvif;vSaomaMumifhom onfvdkar;cGef;rsdK; ar;&Jjcif;jzpfonf/ rD;a&mifatmufü ausmufrdef\rsufESmuav;rSm trSefwu,fyif vSyaeonf jzpfí [lusif;uvTwfceJ ajzvdkufonf/ ]]rif;u acsmwmaygh}} ausmufrdefrsufESmuav;onf 0if;vufoGm;NyD; olr\nmvufjzifh [lusif;\ vufudk qkyfudkifNyD; ... ]][lusif; ... ½SifuRefrudk tNrJawGUcsifovm;[if ? tckvdk t&ufaomufzdkU vmac:&ifaum tNrJ vdkufrvm;[if}} [lusif;onf rdrd\vufudk ylaEG;El;nHhaom olr\vufuav;jzifh qkyfudkif xm;jcif;udk cH&aomtcg wpfudk,fvHk; ½Sdef;½Sdef;jrjrcHpm;oGm;&NyD; &ifvnf; w'dwf'dwf ckefvmawmhonf/ olonfpdwfudk xdef;vdkufNyD;rS ... ]]ig 'DrSm tMumBuD;raeEdkifbl;? aemufoHk;av;&ufqdk&if awmifydkif;udkoGm;&awmhr,f}} ]]awmifydkif;udk bmoGm;vkyfrSmvJ[if}} [lusif;onf oufjyif;wpfcsuf csvdkufonf/ ]]igrajym&ifvJ rif;&dyfrdrSmyJ? igajymjyef&ifvJ rif;pdwfqdk;OD;rSmyJ}} ausmufrdefonf csufcsif; oabmaygufoGm;onf/ [lusif;onf awmifydkif;odkU qif;íawmfvSefa&; tiftm;pkrsm;udk pkpnf;awmhrnf/ olronf wpfcsufai;arm oGm;&if; ½kwfw&uf ]]½SifuRefrudk udpöoHk;ck aqmif½Gufay;r,fqdkwJh uwdudk rarhao;bl;aemf}} ]]rarhygbl;}} ]]'gjzifhuRefr yxrqHk;udpöwpfckajymr,f? uRefreJU twloGm;NyD; e*g;Edkif"m; oGm;,lr,f}} [lusif;onf apmapmuwnf;uyif ausmufrdefcdkif;rnfh udpörsm;onf vG,fulaomudpörsm; jzpfrnf r[kwfaMumif; BudKwif &dyfpm;rdonfom jzpfyg\/ odkUaomf e*g;Edkif"m;,l&rnfh udpöavmuf cufcJrnfvdkUawmh rxifrSwfcJhacs/ ausmufrdefonf [lusif;\rsufESmudk tuJcwfNyD; ... ]]bmvJ ... ½Sifoabmrwlbl;aygh? uwdysufcsifNyDaygh}} [lusif;\pdwfxJwGif ... ]]e*g;Edkif"m;[m igharG;pm;taz&JU vufxJrSm ½Sdaewmudk odkif;avmu wpfckvHk;u odaewmyJ? olUudk bmrSzHk;uG,fp&mrvdkygbl;}} odkUESifh [lusif;u ausmufrdeftm; ajymvdkufonf/ ]]e*g;Edkif"m;[m igharG;pm;taz ½SufpGef;&JU vufxJrSmyJ igu b,fhES,fh olUvufu "m;udk vkNyD;rif;udk ay;EdkifrSmvJ}} ausmufrdefu ... ]]uRefru ½SifhudkoGm;vkcdkif; cdk;cdkif;wmrS r[kwfwm? uRefru'D"m;udk iSm;Munfh NyD; jyefay;rSmyJ? uRefrMunhfaewJh tcsdefrSm ½SifuvJ uRefrab;em;rSm &yfMunfhaeaygh? uRefr xGufrajy;ygbl;}} [lusifonf olr\pum;udk em;axmifae&if; olUbmomolvnf; tawG;a0 aerdonf/ ]]'D*dkPf;BuD;ajcmuf*dkPf;u vlawGudk u,fcJhNyD;wJhtcg ightazBuD;udk jyefac:NyD; igwdkU *dkPf;csKyfvkyfcdkif;zdkU pdwful;xm;wmeJUawmh tawmfyJ? igygae&ifawmh ausmufrdef bmrS vkyfEdkifrSm r[kwfbl;}} xdkUaMumifh [lusif;u ausmufrdeftm; ... ]]aumif;NyD? igoabmwlw,f}} ]]'gjzifh ½Sifb,ftcsdef oGm;rSmvJ}} ]]aemuf oHk;av;&ufqdk&if oGm;jzpfr,f xifw,f}} ]]aumif;w,f? 'gqdk&if uRefrvJ jyifqifp&muav;awG jyifqifxm;&wmaygh? ½SifoGm;umeD;us&if uRefrudk vmac:aemf}} 660
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]bm ... rif;vJ vdkufr,f [kwfvm;}} ]]vdkufrSmaygh? ½SifharG;pm;tazu yifv,f&yfjcm; uRef;wpfckrSm r[kwfvm;? wu,fvdkU olu ajrjyefUudk rjyefcsifbl;qdk&if jyef,loGm;ay;eJU b,favmuf &,fp&m aumif;ovJ? uRefru tckvdk wpfcgwnf; vdkufcJhawmh "m;udk MunfhNyD;wmeJU &SifharG;pm;tazudk csufcsif;jyefay;vdkuf½Hkaygh}} [lusif;onf olUarG;pm;tazxH oGm;onfh yifv,fc&D;onf tvGefMurf;wrf; ítEÅ&m,fBuD;vSaMumif; aumif;pGmodonf/ xdkUaMumifholu ... ]]yifv,fxJrSm vSdKif;avodyfxefNyD; tEÅ&m,fodyfBuD;wm bmjzpfvdkU udk,fwdkif vdkufcsif&wmvJ ausmufrdef}} ]]½Sifawmif oGm;&Jao;wm? uRefru bmjzpfvdkU roGm;&J&rSmvJ}} ]]rif; tazuaum oabmwlyghrvm;}} ]]uRefr tazu uRefrudk bmrSrajymbl;? tvdkvdkufxm;wm? uRefrvkyfcsifwmvkyf? bmrqdk vkyfvdkU&w,f}} ]]'Dvdkqdk&if oGm;umeD;usawmh igrif;udk vmac:r,f? [kwfvm;}} ol w d k U \pum;rqH k ; rD y if tvef U wMum;ql n H a tmf [ pf o H r sm; Mum;vd k u f & ojzif h ausmuf r d e f u vSrf;Munfhvdkuf&m ... ]][m ... 0rfzm;bk&m;ausmif; rD;avmifaeyguvm;? OD;av; clwdk ... OD;av;clwdk jrefjrefvm}} odkUaomf OD;av;clwdk trnfcH zef;a&mifum; qdkiftjyifbufwGif vHk;0r½Sdawmhacs? ausmufrdefu qdkif&Siftm; ar;Munhf&m zef;a&mif a&mufa&mufcsif;yif tjyifodkU xGufcGmoGm;aMumif; odvdkuf&onf/olronf ½kwfw&ufawmh zef;a&mifu rdrdudk opömazmufvdrfhrnf[k rxifrSwfvdkufacs/ [lusif;url olwdkhu\ tpDtpOftwdkif; vkyfief;pwifaqmif½GufaeNyD jzpfaMumif; odvdkufí csufcsif; ausmufrdeftm; ... ]]uJ ... igoGm;OD;r,f}} ajymajymqdkqdkESifh jywif;aygufrS ckefxGufoGm;awmhonf/ ausmufrdefuvnf; ... ]]aeOD; ... aeOD;? uRefrvJ ½SifeJU twlwlvdkufr,f}} odkUaomf olrjywif;ayguf tjyifodkU a&mufaomtcgwGif [lusif;udk t&dyf ta,mifrQyif rjrifrawGU& awmhacswum;/ zef;a&mifonf ausmufrdefudk t&ufqdkifxJodkU ydkUay;vdkufNyD; onfESifh olUvkyfief;udk pwifaqmif½Guf&ef csufcsif; xGufcGmoGm;awmhonf/ xdktcsdefwGif rsuf
661
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662
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]trSefuawmh e*g;Edkif"m;eJU wdrfvTm"m;udk oGef;vkyfcJhwJhvl[m wpfa,muf wnf;yJ? olu wu,fh odkif;ynm½SifBuD; r[kwfbl;? 'D"m;ESpfvufudk vkyfwkef;u e*g;Ekdif"m;xJrSm ppfaoe*FAsL[m usrf;pmtkyfudk xnfhxm;w,f? wdrfvTm"m;awmh odkif;ynmrSm xdyfwef;vdkU qdkEdkifwJh vpMum odkif;usifhpOfudk xnfhxm;vdkufw,f? 'D"m;ESpfvufxJu pmtkyfESpftkyfudk ,lzdkUuawmh enf;wpfenf;yJ½Sdw,f? 'guawmh wdrfvTm"m;eJU e*g;Edkif"m;udk wpfbufwpfcsufprD mS udik Nf yD;tcsif;csif; ckwyf pfvu kd w f hJ tcgrSm "m;ESpv f ufpf vH;k usdK;oGm;NyD; usrf;pmtkyf ESpt f yk pf vH;k xGufvmEdkifw,f? 'Dppfaoe*FAsL[m usrf;pmtkyfuawmh rGef*dkawGudk wGef;vSefwJh tcgrSm trsm;BuD; taxmuftul jyKEdkifwJh pmtkyfjzpfw,f}} csLusL;onf r[mvQdKU0SufcsufBuD;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg tdyfruffrufae ouJhodkUjzpfaerdawmhonf/ rsuf
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rsuf
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665
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676
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677
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; tvd k ... uRef ; ay:wG i f vl a v;a,muf u vl w pf a ,muf u d k 0d k i f ; 0ef ; wd k u f c d k u f aeMuyguvm;/ twdkufcHae&aom vlwpfa,mufonf [lusif;\arG;pm; tazBuD;½SufpGef;yif jzpfawmhonf/ ol \ tazBuD ; ½S u f p G e f ; onf rsuf p d E S p f u G i f ; tvif ; &ol r [k w f a omf v nf ; &ef o l av;a,mufudkvufeufrudkifbJ usifvnfpGmckcH wdkufcdkufEdkifonfudk awGU½Sd vdkuf&aomtcg vGefpGmauseyftm;& rdawmhonf/ ,cktcsdefwGif [lusif;\odkif;ynmrSm tvGeftqifhtwef;jrifhae&m ½SufpGef;\odkif;uGufrsm;udk MunfhvdkufonfESifh ½SufpGef;onfa0&dwdkUxuf rsm;pGm omvGefaeaMumif; od½Sdvdkuf&onf/ usefav;a,mufrSmrl olawmif;pm;*dkPf;\t0wftpm;rsm;udk 0wfpm;qif,ifxm;aMumif; awGU½Sd&NyD;? usefoHk;a,mufrSmrl wdkufyJGtwGif; r0ifbJ tajctae udk apmifhMunhftuJcwf aeMuaMumif; awGU½Sdvdkuf&onf/ olwdkU\ vlav;a,muf tajctae raumif;vQif olwdkU yg0ifwdkufcdkufMuayrnf/ xdkpOf olawmif;pm;*dkPf;rS vlwpfa,mufu ajymvdkufonf/ ]]½SufpGef;rif;&JU e*g;Edkif"m;udk wdkUvufxJtyfyg? 'gqdk&if rif;&JU toufudk csrf;omcGifhay;r,f}} ]][m; ... [m; ... [m;? rif;wdkU wpfawG[m wu,f&,fp&m aumif;wJh vlawGyJ? e*g;Edkif"m; ighudk,fay:rSm ½Sdaewm rjrifMubl;vm; bmjzpfvdkU tydkpum; awGajymaeMuwmvJ? tpGrf;tp½Sd&if ,layghuG}} ½SufpGef;onf w[m;[m; &,farm&if; olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om;rsm;udk ajymvdkufonf/ xdkpOfa½Tyef;yGifh bGm;bGm;onf uRef;ay:odkU ckefwufNyD; acsmif;w[Gyf [Gyf qdk;&if;rS atmf[pfvdkufonf/ ]]a[h ... olawmif;pm;*dkPf;u aumifawG? rif;wdkU wpfawG[m b,fvdk aumifawGvJ? ighuRef;udkvnf; vmw,f? igh&JU {nfhonfawmfudkvJ apmfum;w,f? bm oabmvJuG}} [lusif;u pdwfxJwGiftawG;rsm; a0aerdawmhonf/ ]]aMomf ... vufpowfawmh 'gu a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;&JU vif;a>ruRef;yJudk;? tckpum;twdkif;qdk&ifawmh ightazBuD;[m a½Tyef;yGib hf mG ;bGm;&JU zdwaf c:csuf aMumifh 'DuRef;udk a&mufvmcJw h yhJ ykH ?J ightazBuD;[m [dw k ek ;f uawmh b,favmuf ac:ac: rjyefbl; qdkNyD;? tck a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;ac:wmusawmh 'DuRef;udk vdkufvmcJhw,f? a½Tyef;yGifh bGm;bGm;[m b,fenf;eJU ightazBuD;&JU a&cJrD;awmifuRef;udk odoGm;&wmvJ}} xdktcdkuf½SufpGef;tm; 0dkif;0ef; wdkufcdkufaeaom vlav;a,mufwdkUonf ½SufpGef;bufrS vlrsm; a&muf½Sdvmonfudk awGU½Sdvdkuf&aomtcg wdkufyJGudk tjrefqHk; tqHk;owfEdkifatmif BudK;pm;vdkufMuonf/ ab;wGif&yfMunfh tuJcwfaeaom vloHk;a,mufwdkUonf wdkufyJGtwGif;ckefí 0ifa&mufvmMuawmhonf/ a½T y ef ; yG i f h b G m ;bG m ;onf ud k , f a zmh o d k i f ; ynmjzif h ck e f í ajy;xG u f o G m ;onf [l u sif ; onf v nf ; ausmufrdefudkac:í a½Tyef;yGifh bGm;bGm;aemufrS ajy;vdkufawmh onf/ ausmufrdefu avoHwdk;wdk;jzifh [lusif;udk owday;vdkufonf/ ]][lusif;bmjzpfvdkU olUaemufudk'Davmufvdkufae&wmvJ? 'DavmufvdkufzdkU rvdkygbl;? 'DtbGm;BuD; ½SdaewJhaemuf awmh ½SifhtazBuD; bmrSrjzpfEdkifygbl;? uRefrwdkU twGufta&;BuD;qHk;u uRefrwdkUvlvHk;ay:atmif raezdkUyJ}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\pum;udk oabmaygufvdkufojzifh acgif;wpfcsufndwfjyNyD; opfyifwpfyif aemufuG,fodkU0ifcdkvdkufonf/ [lusif;onf olUtazBuD;½SufpGef;udk 0dkif;0ef;wdkufcdkufaeonfh vlckepfa,mufudk Munhfvdkufaomtcg toufoHk;q,fausmfrQ ½Sdao;aom vlwpfa,muf udkxl;xl;jcm;jcm; owdjyKrdvdkufonf/ xdkvludk taotcsm pl;pdkufvsuf pOf;pm; Munhfrdaomtcg xdkvlonf rnfolrnf0gjzpfonfudk owd&vdkufawmhonf/ rdrdi,fpOfwkef;u rdrd\q&mbdk;bdk;ESifhtwl a½Smifvif*dkPf;odkU oGm;a&muf cJhMu&onf/ a½Smifvif*dkPf;\ aepMumodkif;usifhpOfESifh [lwef;*dkPf;\aepMum odkif;usifhpOfESifh [lwef;*dkPf;\ aepMumodkif;usifhpOfrsm; ESD;aESmzvS,f&ef oGm;a&mufcJhMujcif;jzpfonf/ xdkzvS,fyJGwGif rdrd\q&mbdk;bdk; udk,fwdkifa&;om; jyKpkcJhaom odkif;usrf;BuD;udkolwdkU a½Smifvif*dkPf;\odkif;usrf;yg[k ajymqdkcJhaom vli,fcsef½dkonf ,ckolUarG;pm;tazBuD; ½SufpGef;udk wdkufcdkufaeonfh touf oHk;q,fcefU ½Sdvlyifjzpfawmhonf/ csef½dk\ rSwfOmPfonf tvGefaumif;vSonf/ usrf;pmrsm;udkwpfBudrfrQ zwfvdkuf½HkrQESifh csufcsif; tvGwf&rSwfrdEdkifonf/ [lusif;\pdwfxJwGif wpfa,mufwnf; ar;jref;aeonf/ 680
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]'Dcsef½dku a½Smifvif*dkPf;&JUwynfhyJ? b,fvdkvkyfNyD; olawmif;pm;*dkPf;xJ a&mufae&wmvJ}} xdkpOf ckepfa,mufwpfa,muf jzpfaeojzifh ½SufpGef;rSm tajctaewjznf; jznf;qdk;0g;vmawmhonf/ olUycHk;wGifvnf; "m;csufwpfcsuf½Syfí xdoGm;cJh&onf [lusif;pdwftvGefylyefoGm;ojzifh ckefxGufwdkufcdkuf&ef [efjyifvdkufpOf ausmufrdefu [lusif;vufudk qwfceJ qJGvdkufonf/ NyD;rSavoHwdk;wdk;jzifhajym Mum;vdkufonf/ ]]a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;u vufydkufMunfhraeygbl;? ½Siftpdk;&drfBuD;raeygeJU qHk;atmifvJMunfhprf;ygOD;}} ausmufrdef\pum;aMumifh [lusif;onf a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;udkvSrf;Munhf vdkufrdonf/ a½Tyef;yGifh bGm;bGm;url ol\awmifa0S;udkudkifí rcdk;rcefUtNyHK;jzifh ckepfa,mufwpfa,muf wdkufyJGudk MunfhaeaMumif; awGU½Sd&onf/ 0ifa&muf ulnD wdkufcdkufrnfh [efum;vHk;0ray:? xdkpOf ... ½SufpGef;rSm ajcaxmufjzifh wpfcsuf tuefcH vdkuf&ojzifh ,dkifvJusvkvk jzpfoGm;cJh&onf/½SufpGef;uJhodkUaom odkif;tausmftarmfBuD; wpfa,muf þuJhodkU tajcysufoGm;jcif;onf olawmif;pm;*dkPf;rS vlrsm;twGuf r[mtcGifhta&;BuD;yifjzpfawmhonf/ xdUk aMumift h vGef 0rf;omtm;& auseyfomG ;MuNyD; tm;vH;k onf ½Supf eG ;f tay:odUk wpfNydKifeuf cket f yk v f u kd f awmhonf/ odkUaomf ... vQyfjyufvdkufonfhES,f teufa&mifwef;wpfckonf ½Grf;ceJ jzwfoef;xGufoGm;onfh wpfcPtwGif;rSmyif olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om; ckepfa,muf teuf ig;a,mufonf vla&m"m;ygxufydkif;jywf toufaysmuf oGm;Muawmhonf usefwpfa,mufrSmrl vufarmif;wpfbufjywfoGm;NyD;? csef½dkrSmrlvHk;0ajymif;jyef jzpfoGm;&ayNyD/ ½SufpGef;\vufwGif r[l&ma&mif rnf;eufaeaom "m;BuD;wpfacsmif;udk udkifxm;aMumif; awGU½SdMu&onf/ xdk"m;um; odkif;avmuwpfcGif odrfhodrfhwkef emrnfBuD;aeaom e*g;Edkif"m;BuD;om jzpfayownf;/ tm;vHk;onf tjzpftysuf\ vsifjrefrSKaMumifh rSifwufawGa0aeMupOf ½SufpGef;onf ol\e*g;Edkif "m;BuD;udkudkifí cefUnm;pGm&yfvsuf ½Sdaeawmhonf/ a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onfvnf; olUESKwfrS *gxmrEÅ&m;rsm; ref;rSKwf½Gwfqdk aeouJhodkU toHrsm;wD;wdk; xGufvmaeonf/ olronf *gxmrEÅ&m;rsm;udk ½Gwfqdk aejcif;r[kwfyg/ ol½GwfqdkaeonfrSm ... ]]e*g;Edkif"m; ... 'g[m e*g;Edkif"m;}} xdkpOf csef½dkonf aoG;qkwfjzLa&mfaom rsufESm½Sdaeaomfvnf; tm;vHk;wkef vSKyfoGm;Muaponhf pum;udk ajymvdkufayonf/ ]]q&mBuD;½SufpGef;&JU odkif;ynm[m 'Davmuftqifhtwef; jrifhrm;vSwmudk uRefawmfwkdU vSdKufvSdKufvSJvSJ csD;usL;ygw,f? tckvufarmif;jywfoGm;wJh uRefawmfwdkU*dkPf;&JU 0g&ifh*dkPf;om; odkif;orm;BuD;udk jyefvTwfay;r,f qdk&if uRefawmfu olUudk,fpm;taocHygr,f}} xdkpum;aMumifh tm;vHk;pdwfvSKyf½Sm;oGm;Mu&onf/ rdrd\ *dkPf;tay:ESifh *dkPf;0ifrsm;tay: toufpGefYí opöm½Sdol wpfa,muf r[kwfygvm;/ odkif;avmuom;wdkUonf opömw&m;udkvGefpGm wefzdk;xm;wwfMu\/ xdkUaMumifh tm;vHk;pdwf vSKyf½Sm;oGm;&jcif; jzpfayonf/ [lusif;rSm ,cifucsef½dk\r½dk;om; rajzmifhrwfaom pdwfaMumifh txif tjrifao;xm;ol jzpfonf/ ,ckuJhodkU csef½dk\ &J&Jawmuf pum;udkMum;vdkuf &aomtcgwGifrl rsm;pGmcsD;usL;rdawmhonf/ ½SufpGef;onf atmifjrifcefUnm;aomtoHBuD;jzifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]csef½kd ... rif;&JU &J&ifw h phJ w d "f mwfukd igvSKd ufvKdS ufvv JS JS csD;usL;w,f? rif; 'Dtbd;k BuD;udk ayGUcsDNyD;oGm;vd&k mudk oGm;ayawmh? rif;&JU toufudk igcGifhvTwfw,f} csef½dkonf &J&ifhwnfMunfpGmyif ½SufpGef;\pum;udkjyefMum; vdkufonf/ ]]q&mBuD; uRefawmhtoufudk rowfbJ cGifhvTwfvdkufwmudkawmh uRefawmfaus;Zl;wifygw,f? 'gayr,fh uRefawmfwdkU&JU olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om; ig;a,muf[m q&mBuD;&JU vufcsufeJU toufaoqHk;cJhMu&NyD? 'gaMumifhrdkU aemuf xyfq,fESpftwGif;rSm uRefawmfh taeeJU odkif;ynmavhusihfvdkU atmifjrifcJh&if uRefawmfu'D&efa
681
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]tm;vD ... tm;vD ... ajymprf;? rif;odwmawGudk ajymprf; rif;&JUtbGm;igh udknmaewm r[kwfvm;? [kwfw,f? a½Tyef;yGifh ighudknmaewm jzpf&r,f? ajym ajymrif;odwmawG ar;jref;vdkufonf/} odUk aomf tm;vDrmS rnfoUkd rQ rajymEdik af wmhyg? olr\yg;jyifwiG f rsuf&nf rsm;pD;usvmawmhonf/ a½Tyef;yGihf bGm;bGm;\ nmbufvuf0g;apmif;onf tm;vD \OD;acgif;udkzdxm;vsuf ½Sdaeonf/ tu,fírsm; tm;vDuom olrrBudKufonfh pum;rsm;udk ajymMum;cJhvsif wpfcsufwnf;ESifh tao½dkufowfvdkufrnfom jzpfawmhonf/ xdkUaMumifhtm;vDonf ½SufpGef;oHo,uif;aprnfh pum;udk a½G;cs,f vdkuf&awmhonf/ ]]OD;av; ½SufpGef; uRefrtbGm;rnmygbl;? uRefrwdkU 'DwpfacgufajrjyefUudk jyefoGm;csdefrSm [lusif;owif;udk vHk;0rMum;cJhygbl;}} tm;vD\pum;rsm;udk a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm; auseyfoGm;onf/ xdkUaMumifh olr\rsufESmwGif tNyHK;&dyfrsm; ay:vmNyD; olr\ nmbufvuf0g;apmif;udk jyefvnf½kyfodrf;vdkufonf/ odkUaomf vHk;0 vTwfvdkufonfum;r[kwf? tm;vD\ vufaumuf0wfudkrl csKyfudkifxm;qJ½Sdaeayao;onf/ ½SufpGef;u ... ]]'Dvdkqdk&if rif;wdkU bmowif;awGMum;cJh&ovJ ? igwdkUtvif;rmef*dkPf;BuD; tajctaeaum b,fvdkjzpf aeovJ? tajctaeaumif;ovm;? qdk;ovm;igwdkU&JU rdwfa[mif;aqGa[mif;awG&JU tajctaeawGudkvJ odcsifw,f? jynfhjynfhpHkpHk ajymjyprf;yg}} a½Tyef;yGifh bGm;bGm;u ... ]]at; ... rif;ajymwJh owif;awGudk igbmrSrodbl;? bmjzpfvdkUvJ qdkawmh rif;ajymwJh[mawGudk igu pdwfrSr0ifpm;bJudk;? igpdwf0ifpm;wmu 0gar*dkPf;u rsufruRef;udk vdkufcJhzdkUawmif ac:ao;w,f? rifhom;urS rvdkufwm}} ½SufpGef;onf tm;vD½SdrnfxifonfhbufodkU vSnfhíar;vdkufonf/ ]]tm;vD olajymwmawG [kwf&JUvm;}} ]][kwfygw,f? uRefruvJ tJ'Dwkef;u vif;a>ruRef;udk vdkufcJhzdkU twif;tusyfac:ygw,f? [lusif; b,favmuf qdk;ovJqdk&if rvdkuf½Hkwifrubl;?uRefr vufudkawmif udkufvdkufao;w,f? uRefrvufrSm olU&JUoGm;&m tckxufxd usef aeao;w,f? uRefr rnm&ygbl; OD;av;½SufpGef;}} xdkpum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg ausmufrdefonf [lusif;\vufudk zspfñSpfqkyfudkifvdkufrdonf/ olronf [lusif;udkpdkufMunfhaeonf/ olr\ rsufvHk;xJwGif remvdkjcif; t&dyfta,mifrsm;? ceJUonfh t&dyfta,mifrsm; zHk;vTrf; aeayonf/ ]]aMomf ... ½Sifu uRefrudknmwmayghav? vufpowfawmh 'Daumifrav; udk ½SiftapmBuD;uwnf;u odaewmayhg}}
683
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ausmufrdefonf xdkpum;rsm;u ol\ESKwfu xkwfajymvdkufonf r[kwfyg? ol\ rsufvHk;rsm;udk ajymvdkufjcif;om jzpfyg\/ [lusif;onfvnf; ausmufrdef\rsufvHk;wGif;rS tar;pum;rsm;udk aumif;pGm em;vnfvdkufrdojzifh rsufESmwpfjyifvHk; ½SufaoG;wufNyD; eD&JoGm;awmhonf/ xdkUjyif [lusif;taejzifh tm;vDonfrdrdtay: þrSoHa,mZOf½Sdvdrfhrnf[k rxifcJhacs/ ,ckrdrdtay: þrQoHa,mZOfxm;rSef; od½Sdvdkuf&aomtcg MunfEl;rd ovdkvdk aqG;jrnfhrdovdk cHpm;vdkuf&awmhonf/ xdpk Of ausmufred o f nf [lusi;f \vufukd ½kww f &uf qJ, G v l u kd u f m yg;pyf wGix f nfí h udu k v f u kd af wmhonf/ ausmufrdef\ tjyKtrlonf jrefqefvGef;vSojzifh [lusif;onfyif ½kwfw&uf bmrSef;rodEdkifatmif jzpfoGm;rdonf/ csufcsif; yif[lusif;\vufrS aoG;rsm;jzmusvmawmh\ odkUaomf ... [lusif;\udk,fwGif;½Sd twGif;tm;rsm;onf tvdkvdk wefjyefwGef;uefvdkufojzifh ausmufrdef\ESKwfcrf;rS vnf;aoG;rsm;pD;us vmayawmhonf/ xdkUaMumifhESpfa,mufpvHk; ½kwfw&uf atmfvdkufrdMuonf/ [lusif;onf em;rvnfEdkifaom oabmt"dyÜm,frsm;jzifh ausmufrdefudk Munhfvkdufonf/ [lusif;taejzifh wu,fyifem;rvnfEdkif/ rdrdtm;ausmufrdefonf tb,faMumifh taMumif;rJh udkuf&ygoenf;/ xdkodkU MunfhvdkufrS [lusif; ydkrdkem;rvnfEdkifatmif jzpfoGm;&awmhonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf ausmufrdef\rsufESmwGif tNyHK;&dyfrsm; ay:aeNyD; olr\ rsufvHk;rsm;wGif ½SufaoG;jzmjcif;? yDwd jzpfjcif;ESifh MunfEl;jcif; t&dyfta,mifrsm; ,Sufoef;&pfodkif; aeaomaMumifh aywnf;/
684
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686
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687
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ausmufrdefonf xyfrH&,farmNyD; ajymjyvdkufjyefonf/ ]]tHrm ... xl;qef;wmwpfck½Sdao;w,f? tJ'Dwkef;u ½Sifhudk vif;a>ruRef;udk vmzdkU twif;ac:awmh ½Sifuaoawmif rvdkufbl;qdk? tckusawmh ½Sifhudkb,folu rSrac:bJeJU ½Sifhbmom½Sif vdkufvmw,f? tck½Sifu vlBuD;jzpfvmawmh i,fi,f wkef;uvdk r[kwfbJeJUpdwfajymif;oGm;NyD; tm;vDudk jyefawGUcsifaeNyDayhg[kwfvm;}} ]]rif ; bmawG ayguf w wf u & avQmuf a jymaewmvJ ? tck ' D u d k vm&wmu rif ; ac:vd k U igvdkufvm&wmr[kwfvm;}} [lusif;\pum;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg ausmufrdefonf ½SufaoG; vTrf;oGm;onf/ &ifxJwGifvnf; MunfEl;ESpfodrfhaom a0'emwpfckudk wodrfhodrfh cHpm; vdkuf&onf/ [lusi;f \pum;onf tm;vDac:vQif aoawmifþvif;a>ruRe;f odUk vmvdrrhf nfr[kw?f olruac:vmíom þuRef;odkU vdkufvm&jcif;jzpfonf [laom oabmrsdK;aqmifoGm;onfh twGufaMumifhjzpfayonf/ olwdkUESpfOD;onf xl;jcm;qef;Mu,fonfh a0'emwpfrsdK;pD cHpm;vdkufMu&ojzifh NidrfoufoGm;Muawmhonf/ rsufvHk;csif;qHkvdkuf MuaomtcgwGifvnf; ESpfOD;pvHk;olwdkU\ rsufvHk;rsm;udk vJTypfvdkuf&awmhonf/ ESpfOD;pvHk;\ pdwfxm;rsm;ü qef;jym;onfhoabmo½kyfrsm; aqmifaejcif;udk jyojcif;yif jzpfayawmhonf ausmufred u f pí pum;qdo k nf/ olronf OD;acgif;udik UHk íwd;k nif;aom avoHuav;jzifh ajymjcif;jzpfonf/ ]]uRefr ½SifhudktrSeftwdkif;ajymjyr,f? [dkwpfcsdefwkef;u ½Siftm;vDudk udkufcJhw,f? tm;vD[m tcsdefawG 'Davmuf MumwJhtxd 'D'Pf&meJU ywfoufNyD; ½Sifhudk rarhEdkifao;bl;? olUavoHudk ½SifMum;&w,f r[kwfvm;? olUwpfoufvHk; ½Sifhudk arhawmhr,fr[kwfbl;vdkUawmif xif&w,f? 'gaMumifh uRefruvJ ½Sifhudk udkufvdkufwmyJ? 'grS ½Sifu uRefrudkwpfoufvHk; rarhbJ aeawmhrSmaygh}} [lusif;\&ifxJü trsdK;trnf cJGjcm;rjyEdkifaom a0'emwpfckudk cHpm;vdkuf &jyefonf/ MunfEl;jcif;vm;? yDwdjzpfjcif;vm;? oem;jcif;vm;? *½kPmjzpfjcif;vm; rnfonfh a0'em[lírcJGjcm;wwfawmh/ olUtay:xm;onfh ausmufred \ f cspfarwÅmudv k nf; em;vnfvu kd rf ad wmhonf/ odUk aomf rnfonfph um; jyefajym&rnfurkd l [lusif;rod/ ausmufrdefu qufíajymonf/ ]]uRefr ... tm;vD&JU vufzrdk;u 'Pf&mudk MunfhwmeJU ½Sifu olUudk udkufvdkufwJh'Pf&m[m odyfeufw,fqdkwm uRefrodvdkufw,f? ½SifuolUudk 'Davmuf'Pf&meufeuf jzpfoGm;atmifudkufvdkU oluvJ ½Sifhudk'Davmuf pJGpJGNrJNrJ owd&wm r[kwfvm;? 'gaMumifh uRefru ½SifolUudkudkufwJh 'Pf&mxufydkeufatmif ½Sifhudk udkufvdkufrvdkUbJ? 'gayr,fhrudkuf&ufygbl;? 'Pf&mudk wdrfwdrfav; jzpfoGm;atmif jznf;jznf;av; udkufvdkuf jyefawmhvJ ½SifuRefrudk arhoGm;rSm aMumufw,f? 'gaMumifhuRefru 'Pf&m&atmifwpfcsufudkufNyD;rS tckvdk tom; pm;vdrf;aq; vdrf;ay;vdkufawmh 'Pf&mueufoGm;awmhwmaygh}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdefþtaMumif;rsm;udk pajympOfu &,fcsifaerdonf/ odkUaomf wjznf;jznf; &ifarmp&mawGyJ jzpfvm&awmhonf/ ausmufred o f nf rdrd tay: wu,fyif pJpG v GJ rf;vrf;arwÅm&daS eNyD r[kwyf gvm;/ [lusif;u oufjyif;½SnfBuD; wpfcsufudkcsvdkufonf/ ]]ighudk udkufwmawG tom;pm;vdrf;aq;awG vdrf;ay;wJhtwGuf igu rif;udk pdwfrqdk;awmhygbl;? ightaeeJU rif;&JUapwemawGudk apmfum;aew,fvdkUyJ xm;vdkufygawmh? b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf igurif;udk arhEdkifrSm r[kwfygbl; ausmufrdef&,f}} ausmufrdef\rsufESmonf tpyxrücspfarwÅm t&dyfta,mifrsm;ESifh ½Tef;vJhaeonf rSefaomfvnf; [l u sif ; \aemuf q H k ; pum;ud k M um;vd k u f & aomtcg vQd K U0S u f y g;eyf a om tNyH K ;&d y f r sm;ay:vmawmh o nf / xdktNyHK;&dyfrsm;onf acwÅcPom ay:vmNyD; csufcsif;aysmufuG,foGm;Muonf/ ausmufrdefu ... ]]½Sifu b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf uRefrudk rarhygbl;vdkU ajymcJhw,faemf? wu,fawmh uRefru ½Sifhtay: aumif;aumif; qufqHcJhwmu tifrwef enf;ygw,faemf}} ]]'gqdk&if rif; taeeJU ightay:aumif;aumif;qufqHaygh? opöm½Sd½SdqufqHaygh}} ]]uJ ... rif;u igtNrJwrf;owd&atmif ighvufudk udkufw,f? 'Dawmh iguvJ rif;vufudkjyefudkufvdkufr,f? 'grS rif;vJ ighudk wpfoufvHk;arhrS r[kwfawmhbl;}} 689
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ausmufred o f nf [lusif;\pum;ESihf tjyKtrlwUkd aMumifh ½Suo f mG ;NyD; ol\ vufukd vsifjrefpmG ½kyv f u kd o f nf/ NyD;aemufavS0rf;xJrS ajy;xGufoGm;awmhonf/ olronf tjyifbufrS0ifvmaom a½Smifacsmif;ESifh0ifwdkufrdrwwf jzpfoGm;cJh&onf/ olrESifh[lusif;ESpfOD;wnf; ½SdaevQiftaMumif;r[kwf/ ,ck[lusif;xHrS ajy;xGufvm&if; a½Smifacsmif;ESifh wdkufrdvkwdkufrdcif jzpfoGm;&onfhtwGuf ausmufrdefudk ydk½SufoGm;&onf/ a½Smifacsmif;onf [lusif;em;odkU avQmufvmNyD; ... ]]tpfudkav; ... [dk a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;u tm;vDqkdwJh aumifrav;eJU [dkbufudk avQmufoGm;wm awGUvdkuf&w,f? olwdkUrSm tdwfwpfvHk;vJ udkifxm;wm awGU&w,f? bmrsm; vkyfrvdkUvJ rodbl;}} a½Smifacsmif;url [lusif;odoifhonfxifojzifh owif;ay;jcif;jzpfonf/ [lusif;tzdkUrl apmapmu tjzpftysufaMumifh ½SufaoG;rTefaeojzifh a½Smifacsmif;udk rnfodkU jyefajym&rSef; rodawmhacs/ xdkUaMumifh ]tif;} wpfvHk;om xl;vdkufrdonf/ odkUaomf ... twefMumai;idkifrdaeNyD;rS ... ]][dkuRef;&JU ukef;jrifhydkif;udk oGm;wmvm;? tJ'D ukef;jrifhay:rSmqdk&if tazBuD; ½SufpGef;½Sdaevdrfhr,f}} ]][ift h if; ... tpfuakd v; uke;f jrihb f ufwufomG ;wm r[kwb f ;l ? olwUkd u ta½SUajrmufbufukd oGm;aeMuwm? aemufNyD;wpfa,mufeJU wpfa,mufvJ tqifajyyHkr&Mubl;? jiif;cHkaeyHk&w,f}} [lusif;taejzifh a½Smifacsmif;ay;aom owif;udk rnfoUkd rQtoH;k rcsEdik b f J jzpfaeonf/ xdUk aMumifrh ;kd csKyfonfh tcsdefxdomapmifhqdkif;aevdkufMu&awmhonf/ narSmifoGm;aomtcg [lusif;onfausmufrdefESifh a½Smifacsmif;wdkUudk ac:í olUtpDtpOfudk ½Sif;jyonf/ ]]ig ... 'DnrSm ig&JU arG;pm;tazBuD;qDudk oGm;r,f? bmjzpfvdkUvJqdkawmh olUrSm tEÅ&m,fawG 0dkif;0dkif;vnfaevdkU ? rif;wdkUuawmh 'DavSay:uyJ apmifhaeMuayawmh? vlrsm;rsm;uRef;ay:wufvm&if a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm; qdkwmuawmh ajymraeeJUawmh}} olronf ajymajymqdkqdkESifh ol\wdrfvTm"m;udk [lusif;xHodkUypfay;vdkufawmhonf/ [lusif;onf "m;udk ½kwfw&ufzrf;,lvdkufNyD; tHhMovGef;vSonfh pdwf jzifhtxyfxyf ajymaerdawmhonf/ ]]aMomf ... ausmufrdef ... ausmufrdef? olu ightay:rSmwu,fyJ ,HkMunf aewmyguvm;? Munfhprf; tifrwefta&;yg t&ma&mufwJh wdrfvTm"m;udk ighudk xdk;ay;vdkufwmyJ}} [lusif;onf "m;udk aemufausmwGifxkd;xm;vdkufNyD; uRef;\ukef;jrifhydkif;odkU ajy;wufvmcJhonf/ uRef;ay:odkU ajy;wuf&mwGif xifxif½Sm;½Sm; pdwfvGwf udk,fvGwf ajy;wuf&jcif;rsdK; r[kwfacs/ a½Tyef;yGifh bGm;bGm; jrifawGUoGm;rnfudkvnf; pdk;&drf&ao;ojzifh udk,fudkusKHU acgif;udkiHkUí tajy;wuf&jcif;jzpfonf/ &efol\ vQdKU0Sufaom tBuHtpnfudkazmfxkwfrnfqdkvsif udk,fu a½S;OD;pGm vQdKU0Sufxm;&rnf r[kwfygvm;/ wJtdrf\reD;ra0; ae&modkUa&muf½Sdvmaomtcg [lusif;onfpum;ajymoHvdkvdk? vloHvdkvdk Mum;vdkuf& ojzifh teD;tem;½Sd csKHykwfwpfcktwGif;&dyfceJ 0ifcdkvdkuf&onf/ [lusif;onf ywf0ef;usiftajctaeudk ydkí*½kpdkuf vdkuf&onf/ xdktcg toHESdrfhí ajymMum;vdkufaom vlwpfa,muf\pum;oHudk Mum;vdkuf& onf/ ]]rif;bmjzpfvdkU &yfae&wmvJ? vkyfp&m½Sdwm vkyfav? bmjzpfvdkU ayuwfuwf vkyfae&wmvJ[if? tcsdefodyf½Sdwmr[kwfbl;}} a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;\ toHomwnf;/ tm;vD\ajymoHudkvnf; Mum;vdkuf&jyefonf/ ]]tdk ... bGm;bGm;uvJ 'Dvdkudk,fh&JU i,foli,fcsif; wpfa,muftay:'Dvdk rawmfrw&m; BuHpnfwmuawmh raumif;ygbl;? opömrJh&mvJ usygw,f? aemufNyD; OD;av;½SufpGef;u bGm;bGm;udk,HkMunfNyD; a&cJrD;awmifuRef;uae 'Dudk vdkufvmwmyJ}} a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;u tm;vD\pum;udk jyefacsyonf/olr\toHü rvdkwrmtoHrsm;? pdrf;um;aom toHrsm; >yrf;wD;vsuf ½Sdaeayonf/ ]][if; ... bmighudk ,HkMunfvdkU vkdufvm&rSmvJ? olvdkufvmwmu olUtaMumif;eJUolyJ? olUom;udk vm½SmwJhudpöigeJU bmqdkifovJ}}
690
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; þpum;udk Mum;&jcif;tm;jzifh a½Tyef;yGifh bGm;bGm;onf rdrd\arG;pm; zcifBuD;½SufpGef;tay: wpfckck vkyfBuH&ef BuHpnfonfrSm aocsmaeayNyD/ rnfonfh tBuHtpnfjzpfonfudkrl rod&ao;ay/ xdktBuHtpnfESifh ywfoufí tm;vDu oabmrwlbJ jzpfaeonfudk pum;toGm;tvm axmufcsifhNyD; odvdkuf&onf/ xdkUaMumifholwdkUESifhydkrdk eD;uyfoGm;ap&ef csKHykwftwGif;rS a½SUodkU ydkwdk;vdkufonf/ xdktcgusrS a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;udk awGUvdkuf&awmhonf/ xdkUjyif a½Tyef;yGifh bGm;bGm;xHrS oHacsmif;rsm;udkausmufwHk;jzifh xk½dkufaejcif; tvkyf rNyD;ao;aMumif; od½Sd&onf/ [lusif; tvGeftHhMooGm;onf/ raumif;aom tBuHtpnfwpfckjzpfrnf rSefaomfvnf; rnfodkUaom tBuHtpnf jzpfonfudkrl rod&ay/ xdkpOftm;vD\ toHxGufay:vmonf/ ]]bGm;bGm; ... ol&JUe*g;Edkif"m;udk vk,lcsifw,fqdk&ifvJ ajAmifwpfa,mufcsif; ,SOfwdkufNyD;vk,lygvm;? tckvdk cdk;aMumifcdk;0Sufvkyfwmuawmh ½Sufp&mvJ aumif;ygw,f? w&m;&mvJ rusygbl;}} a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf a'goaMumifh iHkUudkif;xm;aom olUudk,fudk rwfvdkufonf/ ]]tm;vD ... nnf ; pum;u w,f B uD ; us,f y guvm;? nnf ; tazvuf x J u ae igu,f c J h w mud k nnf;arhoGm;NyDaygh? [kwfvm;? tckawmh nnf;u t½G,fa&muf vmNyDqdkNyD; ighpum;udktmcHaewmaygh? aeprf;ygOD;? igem;rvnfwm ar;prf;yg &apOD;?nnf;u bmjzpfvdkU ½SufpGef;bufu wpfcsdefvHk;umuG,fae&wmvJ}} a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;\ toHonf a'gooHjzpfaomfvnf; wdk;wdk;usdwfusdwf ajymvdkufonfh a'gooHom jzpfayonf/ ½SufpGef;Mum;oGm;rnfudk pdk;&drfaom aMumifh jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ xdkpOftm;vDonf olUycHk;wGifxrf;wifxm;aom tdwfudkypfcsvdkuf&m wa*smif;a*smif;toHrsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&onf/ tm;vDonf aemufbufodkU oHk;vSrf;cefU ckefqkwfvdkufonf/ ]]bmvkyw f mvJ nnf;u tawmifpv kH Ukd ysHcsifNyDaygh [kwv f m;? igu,fxm; wJah us;Zl;awGarhNyDaygh [kwv f m;}} tarSmifwGif;üyif a'goaMumifh ta&mifw0if;0if;awmufyaeonfh a½Tyef; yGifhbGm;bGm;\ rsufvHk;rsm;udk awGUvdkuf&onf/ [lusif;yif MuufoD; x oGm;rdonf/ ]][ifhtif; ... bGm;bGm;aus;Zl;udk uRefrb,fawmhrS rarhbl;? 'gayr,fh OD;av;½SufpGef;u ol ... olU&JU arG;pm;taz r[kwfvm;}} a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf acsmufuyfpGm&,farmvdkufonf/ ]]igjzifh tHha&m ... tHha&m? 'DavmuBuD;xJrSm 'DavmuftpJGtvrf;BuD;wJh rdef;uav;rsdK;vJ ½Sdao;wmudk;? [lusif;qdkwJh aumifav;u acsmufxJusvdkU aooGm;NyDyJ? rif;udk,fwdkif [lvufeJU[lcsif;wdkUom;tzawG ajymwJhpum;awGvJ Mum;NyD;NyD r[kwfvm;? rif;urauseyfvdkU olwdkUESpfa,mufudkawmifzrf;csKyfNyD; ½dkufESuf ppfar;a o;w,f r[kwfvm;? acsmufxJusoGm;wJh vlwpfa,muf[m [lusif;tppf r[kwfbJ [lusif;twkwpfa,mufvdkU nnf;uxifaeao;vdkUvm;? [lusif;qdkwJh aumifav;uaovdkU tckqdkt½dk;awmif aqG;aeavmufNyD?nnf;uawmh ckxufxd olUudkrarhEdkifao;bl;? tHha&m ... thHa&m}} ]][ifhtif; ... uRefrawmh olUudkb,fawmhrS rarhEdkifbl;}} tm;vD\pum;udkMum;vdkuf&aomtcg a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf oufjyif; wpfcsufcsvdkufonf/ ]]uJ ... olraoao;bl;bJ xm;ygOD;? nnf;&JU tck½kyf&nfrsdK;udk olucspfEdkif ygOD;rvm;? nnf;uawmh olwjcm;rdef;uav;awGeJU cspfBudKufaewmudk MunfhNyD; pdwfaysmfEdkifygOD;rvm;? nnf;[m wu,fpdwful;,OfwJh rdef;uav;yJ}} tm;vDonf a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;\pum;rsm;udk rnfodkUrQcGef;wkHUrjyefbJ Nidrfoufaeawmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;u qufíajymjyefonf/ ]]nnf;om [dkyifhul vufñdk;odkif;udk rusifhbl;qdk&if awmfao;w,f? tckawmh 'Dodkif;oGm;usifhvdkU nnf;rsufESmtckvdk jzpfoGm;&wm r[kwfvm;? [if; ... tckawmh r&awmhygbl;}} tm;vD\pum;oH xGufay:vmonf/ ]]bGm;bGm;ajymw,f? olaooGm;NyDwJh? [kwfw,f ... olaooGm;NyDyJxm;? uRefr&JU ½kyf&nfvJ ysufoGm;cJh&NyD oluRefrudk cspfcspf rcspfcspf bmrSajymp&m rvdkawmhbl;? 'gayr,fh OD;av;½SufpGef;u olY&JU arG;pm;tazyJ? uRefrwdkU OD;av; ½Supf eG ;f 'kua© &mufr,fh tvkyu f b kd mrS rvkyo f ifyh gbl;? bGm;bGm;udk uRefr awmif; yefcsifwm wpfcyk ½J ydS gw,f? 691
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; OD;av;½SufpGef;udk xdcdkufatmif rvkyfzdkU wpfckwnf; udkygyJ? usefwmawGuawmh bGm;bGm;oabm? bGm;bGm;bmyJ cdkif;cdkif; uRefrvkyfyghr,f}} tm;vDonf oem;pzG,fyif 'l;axmufawmif;yefae½Smonf/ trSefpifppf a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;ESifh tm;vDwdkU a&cJrD;awmifuRef;rS jyefa&mufvmMuonfrSm wpfESpfyifrjynfhao;ojzifh [lusif;tvif;rmef *dkPf;csKyfBuD; jzpfoGm;onfh tcsufudk yifolwdkU odrxm;Muacs/ ]]aumif;NyD? nnf;'Davmuf awmif;yefaerSawmh olUudkig rowfawmhbl;}} ]]tdk ... bGm;bGm;&,f? bGm;bGm;udk aus;Zl;wifvkdufwm}} ]]'gayr,fh e*g;Edkif"m;udkawmh ig&atmif,l&rSmyJ}} xdktcg tm;vDu wpfpHkwpfck 0ifajym&ef BudK;pm;vdkufavonf/ ]]'gayr,fh ... }} ]]nnf ; bmrS quf a jymraeeJ U awmh ? awmf M umigpd w f q d k ; vmvd r f h r ,f ? igpd w f qd k ; vm&if nnf;roufombl;rSwf}} ajymNyD ; onf E S i f h a½T y ef ; yG i f h b G m ;bG m ;onf ol \ vk y f i ef ; ud k q uf v k y f a e[ef w l o nf / ol U vuf u d k a0SU,rf;vdkufaom tcgxef;ceJ xef;ceJ toHrsm;udk Mum;vdkuf &awmhonf/ tm;vDrSmrl ausmufwHk;wpfwHk;ay:wGif xdkifvsuf wodrfhodrfh idka
692
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csef½o kd mwnf;? olUvufxw J iG f "m;wpfacsmif;udk udik x f m;onf/ xdt k cgusrS ausmufred rf eS ;f qawG;awmcsuf rsm;onf arSmfq&mwpfOD;\ a[majymcsufrsm;ES,f rSefuefaeNyDjzpfaMumif; odvdkuf&awmhonf/ csef½dkonf trSefwu,fyif aumufuspfyg;eyfoljzpfacsonfwum;/ xdkpOfa½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf wJtdrfuav;udk vSrf;íatmf[pfvdkufawmh onf/ ]]armifav; ½SufpGef;a& ... xawmhav? aemufxyfao&rSm raMumufwJh olcdk;av; a&mufvmjyefNyD}} a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;\ pum;aMumifh [lusif;wkefvSKyfoGm;onf/ ola&muf½Sdaeonfudk a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm; od½SdoGm;avNyDvm;/ odkUaomf ol\vSKyf½Sm;oGm;aom pdwfrsm;udk jyefvnfxdef;csKyfvdkufonf/ ol\udk,fazmh odkif;ynmonf omrefudk,fazmh odkif;ynmr[kwf/ ol\udk,fazmhodkif;ynm tqifhtwef;udk a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;\ tqifhrQavmufu rnfodkUrQ rodEdkif? xdkUaMumifh [lusif;onf &J&J0Hh0Hh a½SUodkUwdk;í ckefxGufvdkufjyefonf/ odkUrSom ol\arG;pm;tazBuD;ESifheD;oGm;rnf r[kwfygvm;? olUtzdkU eD;av aumif;avyif? eD;rSom olUarG;pm;tazBuD;\ tEÅ&m,frsm;udk umuG,fay;Edkif ayvdrfhrnf/ tcsdeftawmfMumonftxd wJtdrfuav;onf vHk;0Nidrfoufvsuf½Sd aeonf/ vlolr½Sdonfh tvm;ay/ aemufxyf twefMumonfhwdkifatmif apmifhqdkif;vdkufaom tcgrS wJtdrfuav;twGif;rS vlwpfa,muf xGufvmonf/ xdkolum; ½SufpGef;yifjzpfawmhonf olonf rnfonfhpum;udkrQrajym/ Nidrfoufwdwfqdwfaeonf/ a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf toHjr§ifhí ajymvdkufonf/ ]]armifav; ... rif;uawmh wu,fv h yl ?J ud, k rhf w d af [mif;aqGa[mif;awGus awmh tNrJwrf;owd0&D , d xm;NyD; qufqw H ,f? 'Djyifval wGusawmh ,H, k MkH unfMunfeUJ qufqw H ,f? uJ ... tckMunfph rf;ygOD;? reufu rif;vTwv f u kd w f hJ csef½dkqdkwJhaumifu rif;udk owfzdkUjyefvmjyefNyD}} ½SufpGef;u at;pufrmausmaom avoHjzifh a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;\ pum;udk wkHUjyefvdkufonf/ ]]tom;xJuavmufu tjyifa&m*gxufydkqdk;w,f? twGif;&efu tjyif&ef xufaMumufp&maumif;w,f? tjyif&efoludk rsufESmcsif;qdkifwdkuf Edkifw,f? twGif;&efu udk,fhaemufausmudk cdk;aMumif cdk;0Suf wdkufwwfw,f? tck csef½dku bmvm vkyfjyefwmvJ}} a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf reufwkef;u wdkufyJGwGifcsef½dkonf rnfonfh ajcuGuf?vufuGufrsm; eif;xm;aMumif; ½SufpGef;udkvdrfnmí olUvGwfajrmufa&; twGufxGufayguf½SmoGm;aMumif; wdkUudk½Sif;jyvdkufonf/ ½SufpGef;onf pum;qHk;vdkufonfESifh 0kef;ceJ ckefxGufoGm;um csKHykwfwpfck qDodkU ckeftkyfvdkufawmhonf/ csKHykwfwGif;rS csef½dkonf ½kwfw&ufckeftkyfvmaom ½SufpGef;udk xdwfvefUwMum;"m;jzifh ckcHumuG,f ckefxGufvdkufonf/ odkUaomf csef½dk\"m;onf ckwfEdkifonfhtqifhodkUyif ra&mufvdkuf&? ½SufpGef;\vufxJodkU &dyfceJygoGm;onf/ ½SufpGef;\nmvufu csef½dk\yg;udk oHk;csufwdwd qufwdkuf½dkufypf vdkufawmhonf/ ol\vnfukyfudk qJGvsuf ... ]]vlvdrf ... vlnm? ol&Jabmenf;wJhaumif? rif;udk tckigowfvdkuf&if Muufuav; iSufuav;awGudk owfvdkuf&ovdkyJ jzpfaevdrfhr,f? igurif;udk q,fESpfjynfhrS ½SmzdkUuwday;xm;w,f? 'gaMumifh rif;udk igrowfao;bl;? aemufwpfacguf 'DuRef;ay:udk a&mufvm&ifawmh rif;udk igowfypfr,f}} olonf olUpum;qHk;onfESifh awmifukef;atmufbufqifajcavsmodkU vTifhypfvdkufawmhonf/ odkU&mwGif csef½dkypfusrnfh ae&mrsm;onf oHcReftrsm;tjym; axmifpdkufxm;aom ae&mjzpfaeonf/ tu,fícsef½dkom oHcRefrsm;ay:odkU usoGm;ygu a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;\ tBuHtpnfonf vHk;0ysufjym; &ayawmhrnf/ xdkUaMumifh a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf csufcsif;ckefxGufvmNyD;awmifa0S;jzifh csef½dk\cE¨mudk,fudk xde;f umta0;odUk vJyT pfvu kd o f nf/ csef½o kd nf oHcRefrsm;\ tEÅ&m,frS uHaumif;axmufrpGm vGwaf jrmufomG ;&ayNyD/ a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf csef½dk½Sd&modkU vSrf;atmfvdkufavonf/ ]]rif;trSwf r½Sdao;&ifawmh aemufwpfcg igh&JU vif;a>ruRef;udk vmcJhOD;? rif;wpfa,mufwnf;wif rubl;? rif;wdkU olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om; tm;vHk;udk owfypfr,f}}
693
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf ajymajymqdkqdkjzifh olr\vufwpfbufudk a0SU,rf;vdkuf&m a½Ta&mifyef;yGifhuav; wpfyGifh0SD;ceJ vGifhxGufoGm;onf/ xdkvQdKU0Suf vufeufuav;onf csef½dk\yg;teD;ü½Sdaom taMumudk xdrSefoGm; ojzifh csef½dkonf ol\yg;wpfbufudk vufjzifh zdudkifum olUaemufrS wapäo&J vdkufvmonfhES,f aMumuftm; vefUtm;jzifh ajy;xGufoGm;awmhonf/ ,cktcg ½SufpGef;onf oHcRefrsm;pdkufxm;onfh ae&mESifhtvGef eD;uyfvm NyDjzpfonf/ [lusif;onfvnf; wwfEikd o f rQ ½Supf eG ;f ESihf eD;rnfah e&modUk yke;f cdk a½GUajymif;ae&ayonf/ trSepf ifppf [lusif;\odik ;f ynm tvGejf rifrh m; aeíom xdyfoD;odkif;orm;rsm; jzpfMuonfh½SufpGef;ESifh a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;wdkUrSm [lusif; ykef;aejcif;udk rodMujcif;jzpfayonf/ odkUaomf csef½dkrSm[lusif;xuf odkif;ynmrsm;pGmedrfhusvSojzifh csef½dka&mufaeonfudk ½SufpGef;wdkUucsufcsif; odoGm;Mujcif;jzpf\/ a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf ½SufpGef;udk vSrf;ajymvdkufavonf/ ]]armifav; ... rif;&JUem;u 'Davmufawmif vsifaerSudk;? 'gqdk&if bmaMumufp&m½SdawmhovJ? t&ifwkef; uvdkyJ odkif;avmuxJrSm xifxifay:ay: jyef vSKyf½Sm;EdkifNyDayhg}} ]]'gawG ta&;rBuD;bl;? 'gawGtwGuf ighpdwful;xJrSm bmrSr½Sdbl;? ightwGufta&;tBuD;qHk;u [lusif;udk awGUatmif½SmzdkUyJ? ighom;udk awGU&rS igpdwfat;&rSm }} ]]'gqdkvJjzpfygw,f? rif;&JUe*g;Edkif"m;udkom ighudk iSm;prf;yg? ig0gar*dkPf;udk pdefac:NyD;wmeJU rif;om;[lusif;udk vdkuf½Smay;yghr,f?raumif;bl;vm;}} ½SufpGef;onf olUOD;acgif;udkom cg,rf;jyaeawmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf ½SufpGef;tm; el;nHhaysmhaysmif;aom pum;rsm;jzifh qJGaqmif&ef xyfrH BudK;pm;jyefawmhonf/ ]]armifav; ... igwdkUtvif;rmef*dkPf;[m *dkPf;csKyfBuD;&efazmhxif; raocifwkef;u qdk&if b,favmuf tiftm;awmifhwif;ovJ ? igwdkUtvif;rmef rif;av;yg;qdk&if odkif;avmuwpfcGifhvHk; odrfhodrfhwkefatmif ausmfMum;cJhwm r[kwfvm;? tckqdk&ifawmh tvif;rmef rif;awG[mrsufESmrJG jzpfukefMuNyD? b,folurSvJ *½k rpdkufMuawmhbl;? tcke*g;rif;udk olrsm;utEdkifusifhaeMuNyD? 'gav;udk rif;udk tultnD ray;csifbl;vm;}} [lusif;onf xdkpum;rsm;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg wkefvSKyfoGm;rdonf/ xdkUaMumifh pdwfwGif;rS wD;wdk; a&&Gwfvdkufrdav\/ ]]aMomf ... vufpowfawmh a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;[migwdkU tvif;rmef*dkPf;&JU tvif;rmef rif;av;yg;xJu e*g;rif;udk;? tif; ... awmfawmfawmh tHhMop&m aumif;wmyJ}} ½SufpGef;onf oufjyif;cs&if;ajymvdkufonf/ ]]a½Tyef;yGifh bmjzpfvdkU &efudk&efcsif;wHkUESif;awmhrvJ? wdkUwpfawGvJ toufawG BuD;ukefygNyD}} ]]rif;u bmjzpfvdkU pdwfavsmhae&wmvJ? tckqdk&ifodrf;iSufrif;eJU vif;qJGrif;wdkUvJ uGrf;rdefawmifay:rSm ½Sdwkef;½SdqJyJ? wdkUav;a,mufjyefaygif;wdkuf&if odkif;avmuudk aumif;aumif;BuD; jyefacgif;aqmifEdkifrSm aocsmygw,f}} ½SufpGef;onf tHhMooGm;NyD; tvefUwMum;jyefar;vdkufonf/ ]]bm ... olwdkUuGrf;rdef awmifudk jyefoGm;Muw,f? [kwfvm;}} a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;u tm;vDudk ar;aighjy&if; ajymvdkufonf/ ]]'gawGu tm;vDudk,fwdkif awGU&wmyJ? tm;vD *dkPf;BuD;ajcmuf*dkPf;u uGrf;rdefawmifudk 0dkif;0ef;wdkufcdkuf MuwJhtaMumif; ajymjyvdkufprf;}} tm;vDonf olodorQwdkUudk ½SufpGef;tm;ajymjyvdkufonf/ odkUaomf a½Tyef;yGifh bGm;bGm;uolrtm; vrf;wpf0ufrS jyefac:oGm;ojzifh awmifxdyfodkU ra&muf½SdcJh&bJ aemufydkif;[lusif;\ tjzpftysufrsm;udk vHk;0rod½SdcJh&ay/ xdkUaMumifh aemufydkif;tjzpftysufrsm;onf olr\pum;rsm;xJü vHk;0ygrvmjcif; jzpfawmhonf/ tm;vD\ pum;qHk;oGm;aomtcg a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;u qufajymonf/
694
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697
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; a&Tyef;yGib hf mG ;bGm;url olr\tBuHtpnfukd zsufq;D vdu k o f x l o H Ukd vSnhf Munfv h u kd o f nf/ xdt k cg[lusif;udk awGUvdkuf&awmhonf/ ]]a[h ... a0vig;*dkPf;u aumifav;? rif;u bmjzpfvdkU ighudpöudk uysuf,ysuf 0ifvkyf&wmvJ? rif;eJU bmqdkifvdkU 'Dvdk0ifaESmifh,Suf&wmvJ ajymprf;}} olronf ajymajymqdkqdkjzifh olr\vufudk a0SU,rf;vdkufaomtcg a½Ta&mifyef;yGifh vQdKU0Sufvufeuf uav;rsm; vGifhxGufoGm;NyD; tm;vDxHrS tm;ceJ atmfvdkufoH Mum;vdkuf&awmhonf/ wu,fOmPfrsm;aom a½Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;ygay/ a&Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;onf wu,fwrf;tm;jzifh [lusif;udk t"du vkyfBuH&ef r&nf½G,f/ tm;vDonf olrudk opömazmufNyD;atmufü oHcRefrsm;½SdaMumif; ½SufpGef;udk owday;cJhonfhtwGuf taoESKwfydwfvdkufjcif;jzpfayonf/ [l u sif ; tm; &ef v k y f r nf [ ef j yKvd k u f o jzif h tm;vD o nf a&T y ef ; yG i f h b G m ;bG m ; \ tEÅ & m,f u d k vHk;0rarQmfvifhawmhbJ trSKrJh trSwfrJhyif aevdkufrdawmhonf/ a&Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;xHrS vufeufrsm; 0ifa&mufvm aomtcg tm;vDonf vHk;0rckcH EdkifawmhbJ a&Tyef;yGifhoHk;yGifh &if0ü xdk;pdkufcHvdkuf&awmhonf/ þtcsdeftwGif; tvsifjrefqHk; vSKyf½Sm;vdkufolrSm [lusif;yifjzpfawmh\/ tm;vD\ &ifüvQdKU0Suf vufeufrsm; xdrSefoGm;aMumif; awGUvdkuf&aomtcg [lusif;\ rsufvHk;rsm; ysmceJjzpfoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf vTm;ceJ ckefxGufoGm;um tm;vDudk ayGUydkufxm;vdkufrdonf/ tm;vDonfrdrdtm; olpdrf;a,musfm;uav; wpfa,mufuvma&muf axG;ayGUonf[k xifrSwfvdkufojzifh &kef;uef&efBudK;pm;awmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh yg;pyfrS eDaxG;aom aoG;rsm; ydkrdk usqif;vmawmhonf/ [l u sif ; onf tm;vD rnf o nf h t wG u f a Mumif h &k e f ; uef o nf u d k csuf c sif ; oabmayguf o G m ;NyD ; rdr½d yk zf sufxm;onfh t&mrsm;tm;vH;k udk z,fcsypfum rdr\ d e*d½k yk &f nfukd jyefay:apvdu k o f nf/ [lusif;\ rsufEmS udk jrifvdkuf&aomtcg tm;vDonf tHhMovGef;vSojzifh ai;aMumif Munfhaerdawmhonf/ ]]rif; ... rif; EGm;av;vm;[if}} ]][kwfw,f ... igEGm;av;yJ}} tm;vD o nf tvG e f p d w f o uf o mrS K &&S d o G m ;NyD ; rS vQd K U0S u f v uf e uf y k e f ; rsm;\ 'Pf c suf a Mumif h owdarhoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf tm;vD\'Pf&mjyif;xefaMumif;odojzifh vQdKU0Sufvufeuf rsm;udk vHk;0xkwfr,l&Jacs/ xdkvufeufrsm; pdkuf0ifaeonfh ab;ywfvnfrS aoG;aMumrsm;udkom a½S;OD;pGm xdk;ydwfxm;vdkuf&onf/ xdkpOf &SufpGef;\pum;oHudk [lusif;Mum;vdkuf&onf/ ]]cifAsm; usKyfudk u,fwifwJhtwGuf trsm;BuD;aus;Zl;wifygw,f? usKyftaeeJU atmufuoHcRefawGudk vHk;0rjrifEdkifawmh trsm;BuD; tEÅ&m,f½SdcJhwmygyJ}} [lusif;onf olUtazBuD;\pum;twGuf rsm;pGm &ifeifhoGm;onf/ rdrdtm; olpdrf;wpfa,muf[k xifjrifae½Smonf r[kwfygvm;/ ]]uRef ... uRefawmf ... uRefawmf}} [l u sif ; onf ol \ pum;ud k q H k ; atmif quf a jym&ef tcG i f h t a&;r&awmh y g/ ½k w f w &uf y if cyfvSrf;vSrf;ta0;wpfae&mrS ]xef;}ceJ toHwpfcsufudk Mum;vdkuf &í jzpfonf/xdktoHonftvGefwdk;nif;aom toHuav;omjzpfaomfvnf; Mum; vdkuf&olrsm;\em;xJwGif rcHr&yfEdkifatmif jzpfapaom xl;qef;vSonfh toH jzpfayawmhonf/ &SufpGef;?[lusif;ESifh a&Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;wdkU oHk;a,mufpvHk;rSm xdktoHaMumifhtBuD;tus,f wkefvSKyf acsmufcsm;oGm;Mu&awmhonf/ tb,faMumifh þrQ avmuf wkefvSKyfacsmufcsm;oGm;Mu&jcif;jzpfygoenf;/ olwdkUoHk;a,mufpvHk;onf tvGeftwGif;tm; jynfh0Muolrsm;jzpfMuonf/ xdkrQ twGif;tm; jynfh0vSonfh olrsm;udk tvGefwdk;nif;vSaom toHuav;u pdwftaESmifht,Sufay;Edkifonfudk awGUodvdkufMuojzifh þrQ acsmufcsm;oGm;Mu&jcif; jzpfawmhonf/
700
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdktDMunf tvif;rmefrsm;\pdwfxJwGifvnf; tajrmuf'PfaMumifh epfjrKyfoGm;onfh avSBuD;xJwGif [lusif;wdkUtm;vHk;ygoGm;MuNyD; toufaoqHk;oGm;MuNyD[k ,lqvdkufMuawmhonf/ olwdkUajcmufa,mufwdkUonf urf;rjrifvrf;rjrif yifv,ftwGif;avSi,f uav;wpfpif;jzifh a&pD;twdkif; awmifbufodkU vGifharsmygvmMuonf/ tu,fí u,fq,frnfhol rawGUvQifvnf;aumif;? uRef;wpfuRef;udk rawGUvQifvnf;aumif;? ajcmufa,mufpvHk; tpmiwf? a&iwf aoqHk;Mu&ayawmhrnf/ olwdkUajcmufa,mufxJwGif rnfodkUrQ wkefvSKyfrSKr&SdbJ tvGefaysmf&TifaeolrSm &SufpGef; wpfa,mufwnf;om jzpfawmhonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olUtoufwrQ cspfcif&aomom;jzpfol [lusif;ESifh jyefvnfawGUqHkae&NyD r[kwfygvm;? þuJhodkUaom 'ku©rsm;udk &SufpGef;tzdkU 'ku©[k rxifrSwfawmhay/ xdkUaMumifh ylyefrSK vHk;0r&SdbJ a&Smifacsmif;ESifh aysmfwNyHK;NyHK; pum;ajymvmawmhonf/ csLusL;rSmrl wpfcsdefvHk; Nidrfoufwdwfqdwfaeonf/ olronf wpfcgwpf&H [lusif;ESifhrsufvHk;csif; qHkrdvdkufonfh tcgwGifvnf; olr\rsufvHk;udk uref;uwef; vJTz,fypfvdkufonf/ &SufpGef;taejzifh þtjzpfrsm;udk rnfodkUrQ rodacs/ xdkUaMumifh &,farm&if; pum;p vdkufonf/ ]][lusif; ... [dkwkef;u rif;&JUrdbawG[m avSeJUarsmNyD; ajrmufydkif;udk a&mufoGm;cJhw,f? aemufqHk;awmh tMuifvifr,m;jzpfoGm;Muw,f? 'DaeUusawmh rif;vJ avSeJUarsmvm&NyD? 'gayr,fh rif;tazwkef;uawmh oleJUtwl rdef;uav; wpfa,mufyJ ygoGm;w,f? rif;usawmh rdef;uav;av;a,mufawmif ygvmw,f? 'Dae&mrSmawmh rif;u rif;tazxufomoGm;NyD? [m; ... [m; ... [m; ...}} &SufpGef;onf avSay:wGif ygvmonfhrdef;uav;rsm;udk vHk;0*&krpdkufbJ ajymcsif&majymcsvdkufonf/ csLusL;rSmrsufESm&JceJjzpfoGm;NyD; acgif;iHkUoGm;awmhonf/ a&Smifacsmif;url ... ]]OD;av; ... uRefru tpfudkav;udk jyKpkaewJh tdrfazmfrav;yg?tpfudkav;&JU b0Muifazmfpm&if;xJrSm uRefrrygygbl; OD;av;}} xd k t xJ w G i f pd w f " mwf t rmqH k ; jzpf a om ausmuf r d e f o nf ' Pf & m&aevsuf u tm;wif ; vsuf [pfatmfvdkufonf/ ]]&SufpGef;tbdk;BuD; ?&Sifpum;ajym&if owdxm;ajymyg? &Sifu tm;vHk;udk odrf;usKH;NyD; apmfum;vkdufwmyJ? uRefr'Pf&maysmufoGm;&ifawmhvm; &Sif ... aumif;aumif; owdxm;ayawmh? tckvdk rqifrjcif ajymwJhtwGuf aumif;aumif; jyefESdyfpuf jyr,f}} &S u f p G e f ; onf w[m;[m;&,f a rmvsuf ausmuf r d e f \ tajymud k oabmus aeawmh o nf / ausmufrdef\pum;rsm;onf Murf;Murf;wrf;wrf;yif jzpfaomfvnf; &SufpGef;tzdkUrl yef;ESifhaygufvdkufonfhyrmom xifrSwfaeonf/ olonf NyHK;wpf 0uf&,fwpf0ufjzifh qufajymvdkufonf/ ]][ ... 'Daumifrav; wu,faMumufp&maumif;ygvm; ? igawmifaMumuf vmNyDuG ? [m; ... [m; ... [m;}} xdkodkU&,fae&mrS ol\rsufESmonf ½kwfjcnf;wnfoGm;NyD; ]]'geJU igar;&OD;r,f raeUnu [lusif; tBuD;tus,f 'ku©a&mufaewkef; rif;0ifu,fvdkufwm igcsD;usL;ygw,f? 'gayr,fh bmjzpfvdkU 'Dvdk aMumufp&m aumif;wJh olaoudk,fao wdkufuGif;twGif; udk,fhaowGif;udk,fwl;wJh wdkufuGufawG oHk;&wmvJ}} xd k t cg tif r wef xuf j ruf o G u f v uf v S a om ausmuf r d e f o nf pum;xpf xpf t t jzpf u m a&vnfatmifrajymEdkifawmhbJ 'ku©a&mufae&awmhonf/ ]]ol ... ol ... ol}} rnfonfhpum;udk qufajym&rnfrSef; rodbJ jzpfae&mrS ½kwfw&uf tHudk wif;wif;BudwfvdkufNyD; olr\&ifxJ½Sd pum;rsm;udk ajymcsvdkufawmhonf/ ol\ &ifcGifxJrS cHpm;csufrsm; aygufuJGxGufvmjcif;yif jzpfawmhonf/ usefvlrsm;uvnf; ausmufrdefajymvdkufonfh pum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg tHhMowkefvSKyf oGm;Muawmhonf/ rnfonfh rdef;rysdKrS vla&SUola&SU rdrd\ cHpm;csufrsm;udk þodkUzGifh[ today;vdrfhrnf r[kwf[k xifrSwfxm;Mu&m ausmufrdef uyGifhvif;pGm today;vdkufojzifh tm;vHk;xdwfvefUoGm;Mu&jcif;jzpf avonf/ 711
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; wu,fwrf;tm;jzifh ausmufrdefonf rGef*dkruav;wpfa,mufom jzpf&m olr\pdwf"mwfonf w&kwftrsdK;orD;wpfa,muf\ pdwf"mwfESifhrnfodkUrQ rwlEdkifay/ rGef*dktrsdK;orD;jzpfaeonfh twGufolronf vGefpGmyGifhvif; &Jwif;vSayonf/ &ifxJrS tcspfESifh ywfoufonfrsm;udk tjcm;olrsm;uJhodkU vQdKU0Sufodkodyf xm;vdrfhrnf r[kwfacs/ cspfvsifvnf; cspfonfh tavsmuf?rkef;vsifvnf; rkef;onfhtavsmuf [efraqmifwrf; zGifh[ajymrnfom jzpfayonf/ ausmufrdef\pum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&aom [lusif;onf ausmufrdef tay:rsm;pGm Muifemoem; oGm;rdawmhavonf/ ]]ausmufrdef[m igh&efolyJ? ol[mbmjzpfvdkUrsm; ighudka&G;NyD;awmhrsm; arwÅm&Sdae&wmvJ? [if; ... cufygw,fav}} [lusif;onf idk½SdKufaeaomausmufrdef\ vufuav;udk qkyfudkifum olr\tem;odkU uyfíwdk;nif;pGm ESpfodrfhajymMum;vdkufonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ... aemufwpfcgus&if 'Dvdkrdkufrdkufuef;uef;odkif;uGufawG roHk;&bl;aemf}} ausmufrdefonf olr\pdwfudk ½kwfw&ufrxdef;Edkifíom olr\tcspfudk vSpf[ xkwfazmf vdkufrdjcif; jzpfonf/ xkwfazmfNyD;rS &Suf&GHUjcif;BuD;pGm jzpfcJh&awmhonf/ txl;ojzifh [lusif;utxiftjrifao;rnfudk oltvGefpdk;&drfaMumifhMurdonf/ odkUaomf ,ck[lusif;onf olrpdk;&drfouJhodkU olrtay: txif ao;onfhpdwfrsm; r&SdaMumif; awGUvdkuf&onf/ olrtay: txifao;onfh pdwfrsm; r&SdaMumif;awGUvdkuf&onf/ olrtay: MuifMuifememjzifh *½kwpdkuf owday;pum;ajymonfudk Mum;vdkuf&aom olr\ESvHk;om;0,f wodrfhodrfh MunfEl;oGm;vsuf &Sufjcif;? aMumufjcif;ESifh MunfEl;aejcif;wdkUa&m>yrf;aeonfh a0'em wpf&yfudk cHpm;vdkuf &awmhonf/ yifv,fjyifwGif ,aeUtzdkU 'ku©a&mufcJh orQ t&mtm;vHk;udk arhaysmufoGm;rdawmhonf/ xd k t cd k u f r S m yif rd k ; BuD ; oJ o J r J r J &G m oG e f ; csvmawmh o nf / þod k U rd k ; &G m csvd k u f jcif ; rS m vnf ; uHMur®muolwdkUbufrS az;az;rr axmufulvsuf &Sdaeonfh oabmyifjzpfawmhonf/ wpfaeukefwpfaecef; yifv,fxJwGif arsmaeygu a&iwfrnfh a0'emudk olwdkUtm;vHk; a&S;OD;pGm cHpm;Mu&rnfom jzpfonf/ ,ckrl rdk;&Gmcsvdkufojzifh a0'emwpfck oufomoGm;&jcif; jzpfonf/ xdkpOfa&jyifxufodkU 0kef;ceJ ckefwufvmaom ig;BuD;wpfaumifudk &SufpGef; onf e*g;Edkif"m;jzifh ½kwfw&ufxdk;pdkufzrf;,lvdkufonf/ ig;BuD;onf vl;&if; vdrfh&if;jzifh "m;zsm;xdyfwGif xdk;pdkufygvmawmhonf/ avSay:rS ygorQvltm;vHk;onf &SufpGef;\em;yg;rSKudk tvGefcsD;usL;rdMu awmhonf/ &SufpGef;\ em;yg;rSKaMumifh olwdkUtwGuf wpfeyfpm&du©m&vdkufonf r[kwfygavm/ olwdkUonf zrf;rdaom ig;BuD;udk tcsdK;uscJGa0vsuf tpdrf;vdkuf pm;aomufvdkufMuawmhonf/ rdk;vnf; vHk;0pJoGm;ojzifh avSay:wGif yif jzpfovdk tem;,ltdyfpuf vdkufMuawmhonf/ avSi,fuav;rSmrl wa&GUa&GU arsm aeqJom/ olwdkUtm;vHk; tdyfaysmf aeMupOf tm;vDu ½kwfw&uf tvefUwMum; xatmfvdkufonf/ tm;vD\ 'Pf&monf tvGefjyif;xefvSojzifh wpfcsdefvHk;arh ajrmaecJhonf/ ]][lusif; ... bmjzpfvdkU igeJUtwlwl vif;a>ruRef;udk rvdkufcsif&wmvJ[if}} [lusif;wdkUtm;vHk;onf tm;vD\atmfoHaMumifh vefUEdk;vmMuawmhonf / tm;vDurl ua,mifuwrf;jzifh qufatmfaeawmhonf/ ]][lusif; ... igwpfa,mufwnf; uRef;ay:rSmaeae&wmb,favmuf ysif;p&m aumif;ovJ[if? eifudk,fcsif;rpmwwfbl;vm;? bmjzpfvdkU igeJUtwl raecsif&wmvJ? owfr,f? eifhudk igowfr,f}} [l u sif ; onf tm;vD \ ezl ; ud k vuf z 0g;jzif h p rf ; oyf M unf h v d k u f a omf cspf c spf awmuf u d k , f y l aeonfudkawGU&awmhonf/ 'Pf&mt&Sdefjyif;xefvGef;ojzifh tzsm; 0ifvmNyD; ua,mifuwrf;pum;rsm;ajymaejcif; jzpfawmhonf/ xdkpOf tm;vDu atmfvdkufjyefonf/ ]]taz ... taz uRefrudk rowfygeJU ? tazu bmjzpfvdkU rdef;rawG trsm; BuD;,l&wmvJ[if? 'gtazh tjypf? tazhtjypf? uRefr tjypfr[kwfbl;}}
712
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713
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
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716
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(80) *dkPf;csKyfrBuD; [lusif;wdkU\ avSi,fuav;onf wjznf;jznf;ESifhvif;a>ruRef;bufodkU eD;uyfa&muf&Sdvmawmhonf/ tjriftm;jzifhrl olwdkUtwGuf ab;&eftEÅ&m,f t&dyfta,mifrsm;udk vHk;0rawGUMu&ojzifh tenf;i,f pdwfat;oGm; Mu&onf/ odkYaomf xl;jcm;qef;Mu,frSK wpfckudkrl awGU&SdvdkufMu&onf/ vif;a>ruRef;BuD;rSm rD;awmufrD;vQHBuD;rsm; w0kef;0kef; awmufavmifaeatmif rD;yHkBuD;rsm; xGef;ñSdxm; aMumif; awGU&SdvdkufMu&onf/ [lusif;onf xdkjrifuGif;rsm;udk olUtazBuD; &SufpGef;tm; ajymjyvdkufonf/ [lusif;\ pum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkufonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf &SufpGef;onf tvefU wMum;atmf[pfvdkufawmhonf/ ]][m ... 'ku©yJ? tBuD;tus,f 'ku©yJ? a&Tyef;yGifhudk tvif;rmefrif;orD;rSef; olwdkU odoGm;MuNyD? olwdkU a&Tyef;yGifhudk t&Sifvwfvwf rD;½SdKUowfMuawmhr,f? 'gaMumifhrdkU rD;zdkBuD;awGzdkxm;wm}} &SufpGef;\pum;qHk;oGm;onfESifh a&Smifacsmif;onf ]'Hk;} ceJ vJusoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;uref;uwef; aumuf,layGUcsDí Munhfvdkufaomtcg a&Smifacsmif; owdarhaeNyD jzpfonf/ [lusif;uol\taMumudk ESdyfay;vdkufojzifh jyefvnf owd&vmonf/ a&Smifacsmif;\rsufvHk;rsm;0,f rsuf&nfOrsm; cdkwJGvsuf&SdaeaMumif; [lusif; awGUvdkuf&onf/ [lusif;onf tvGeftHhMooGm;ojzifh ... ]]a&Smifacsmif; ... rif; bmjzpfvdkUvJ[if? ajymprf;}} ]][ifhtif; ... uRefr bmrS rjzpfygbl;? vlwpfa,mufudk rD;½SdKUowfr,fvdkU Mum;vdkuf&vdkU vefUNyD; arhoGm;wmyg}} 717
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf a&Smifacsmif;udk acsmharmhESpfodrfhvsuf pdwfcsrf;omap&ef az;az;rr ajymvdkufonf/ ]]'gu tazBuD;&JU cefUrSef;csufyg? taotcsm jzpfvdrfhr,fvdkU rajymEdkifygbl;? [kwfcsifrS [kwfrSmyg? [kwfvdkU&Sd&ifvJ bmjzpfovJ? [dka&mufwJhtcg a&Tyef;yGifhudk igwdkU 0ifu,fvdkuf½Hkaygh}} [lusif;\pum;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg a&Smifacsmif; tvGef0rf;omoGm; onf/ ]]tpfudk[lusif; ... tpfudkUudk uRefrawmif;yefygw,f? a&Tyef;yGifhbGm;bGm;&JU toufudku,fay;ygaemf}} ]]pdwcf s a&Smifacsmif;? rif; pdwcf srf;omr,fq&kd if bmrqdik gvkyaf y;r,f? a&Tyef;yGib hf mG ;bGm;udk u,fzUkd udp[ ö m b,favmufcufwJh udpördkhvdkUvJ? igtpGrf; ukef BudK;pm;NyD; &atmifu,fay;r,f}} xdktcdkufrSmyif olwdkU\avSuav;onf urf;pyfodkUqdkufuyfa&muf&Sd vmawmhonf/ urf;ajcwpfavQmuf wGiv f nf; BuD;rm;cefUnm;vSaom avSBuD;rsm; wef;pD qdu k u f yfxm;onfukd awGUvdu k &f onf/ [lusif;onf rsufarSmif ukwf&if; pOf;pOf;pm;pm;jzifhajymvdkufonf/ ]]tif; ... tDMunf tvif;rmef*dkPf;[m 'Dwpfcgawmh tvHk;t&if;eJUudk a&mufvmwmyguvm;}} wdkufyJGrsm;ESifh &if;ESD;uRrf;0ifvSonfh ausmufrdefonf [lusif;wdkU rawGUEdkifonfh aoe*FAsL[mt& ta&;ygvSonfh wdu k u f iG ;f wdu k u f u G rf sdK;udk ydí k awGUEdik jf rif Edik o f nf/ olr\ pum;uol\ppfy&d,m,f oabmrsm;udk azmfñTef;jyvsuf&Sdae ayonf/ ]][lusif; ... uRefrwdkU 'Dae&mu wufvdkUrjzpfbl;? uRef;&JU [dkaemufbufudk oGm;NyD; vlr½SdwJhae&m a&mufrS urf;ay:wuf&if aumif;r,f? 'DvlawGeJU xdyfwdkuf oGm;wdk;&if uRefrwdkUtwGuf tajctaeraumif;bl;}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\tBuHtpnfudk oabmwlvdkufonf/ xdkUaMumifh avSudk uRef;taemufbufodkU a&muf&SdoGm;&eftwGufavSmfcwf&ef [efjyifonf/ odkUaomf olUavSudk ravSmfEdkifcifrSmyif ]0kef;} ]0kef;} [laom tajrmufoH ESpfcsufudk Mum;vdkuf&NyD; avSi,f\ ab;ESpfbufwGif BuD;rm;aom vSdKif;vHk;BuD;rsm; xoGm;awmhonf/ xdpk Of urf;pyfü qdu k u f yfxm;onfh tvGeBf uD;rm;aom avSBuD;wpfpif;ay:rS vlwpfa,mufu w½kwb f mom pum;jzifh vSrf;atmfowday;vdkufonf/ ]]avSuav; ... avSmfxGufajy;zdkU rBudK;pm;ygeJU? ajy;vJ rvGwfygbl;? urf;udkuyfvdkufyg? ruyf&if tajrmufeJUypfNyD; jr§Kyfypfvdkufr,f}} [lusif;wdkU rwwfEdkifawmh? rnfonfhenf;ESifhrQ rxGufajy;Edkifawmh? olwdkUu vufOD;oGm;NyDjzpfonf/ tu,fí urf;ruyfbJ avSmfxGufajy;ygu tajrmufqefxdNyD; tm;vHk;aoqHk;Mu&ayvdrfhrnf/ xdkUaMumifh aemufqHk;wGif avSuav;udk urf;odkUuyfvdkufawmhonf/ tpDt&D qdkufuyfxm;onfh avSBuD;rsm;Mum;0ifuyf vdu k &f jcif;jzpfonf/ apmapmu w½kwpf um;jzifv h rS ;f trdeUf ay;ol\ avSBuD;ESihf ,SOv f sufom; qdu k u f yfro d mG ;onf/ xdktcg avSBuD;ay:rS qHyifrsm;ESifh tDMunfvlrsdK;rsm;udk awGU&SdMu&onf/ odkUaomf [dkwpfaeUu olwdkUESifh ,SOfNydKifwdkufcdkufcJhMuonfh tvif;rmef*dkPf;u oHk;a,mufudkrl vHk;0rawGUMu&acs/ xdkpOf w½kwfpum;ajymwwfaom tDMunfwpfa,mufu ar;jref;pHkprf;vmonf/ ]]cifAsm;wdkU b,folawGvJ? bmudpöeJU 'Dudka&mufvmMuwmvJ? rSefrSef ajymyg}} ,if;odkUaom udpörsdK;ü tvGefoGufvuf csufcsmvSonfhausmufrdefu 0if ajzvdkufonf/ ]]uRefrwdkU avSysufvdkU yifv,fxJ arsmaeMuwJh 'ku©onfawGyg? uRefrwdkUrSm tpmvJ rpm;&? a&vJ raomuf&eJU trsm;BuD;twd'ku© a&mufae&ygw,f? uRefrwdkUudk u,fMuyg&Sif}} xdkvlonf ausmufrdef\tajymudk ,Hkwpf0uf r,Hkwpf0ufjzpfaerdonf/ ausmufrdefwkdU\yHkyef;o@meft& avSysufonfqdkonfh tcsufrSmvnf; jzpfEdkifaumif;onf[k ,lqxm;yHk&onf/ odkUaomf xdkvlonf ukef;ywf tv,fwGif &Sdaeonfh acgif;aqmifjzpf[efwlol vlwpfa,muftm; olwdkUtDMunfbmompum;jzihfyif vSrf;ajym vdkufonf/ xdt k cdu k t f wefUtwGi;f [lusif;onf vSpcf eJwpfcsufvKS yf&mS ;vdu k o f nf/ olonf ½kww f &ufcek x f u G o f mG ;NyD; ukef;ywftv,fwGif xdkifaeonfh acgif;aqmifjzpfoludk vQyfwpfjyufzrf;csKyfvdkufjcif;jzpfayonf/ [l u sif ; \ vS K yf & S m ;rS K rS m vsif j ref v S o jzif h tpyxrü avS a y:rS vl r sm;tm;vH k ; rS i f w uf r d u m ai;aMumifoGm;Muonf/ aemufrS tajctaeudk oabmaygufNyD; ½kwf½kwfoJoJ jzpfukefMuawmhonf/ 718
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf acgif;aqmifjzpf[efwloludk zrf;rdNyD;onfESifh ol\tzJGUom;rsm; &Sd&modkU jyefvnfckef0if vmonf/ avSay:&Sd &efoUl bufom;rsm;onf wpfa,mufwpfceG ;f a'gooHrsm;ESihf atmf[pfaeMuonf/ [lusi;f wdUk \ tem;odkU ruyf&JMuacs/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olwdkU\acgif;aqmifonf [lusif;wdkU\ vufwGif;ü usa&muf aeaomaMumifh jzpfayonf/ tjcm;tjcm;aom avSBuD;rsm;rS *dkPf;om;rsm;onfvnf; [lusif;wdkUwufa&mufaeonfh avSBuD;ay:odkU a&muf&Sd vmMuawmhonf/ odkUaomf olwdkUtm;vHk;wpfa,mufwpfcGef; atmf[pf½HkrS ty tjcm;tjyKtrlrsm;udk vHk;0rjyKvkyf&JMuacs/ xdkpOfvltkyfMum;rS vlwpfa,mufonf vQyfwpfjyuf ckefxGufvmNyD; [lusif;udk ausmufrD;wdkifjzifh ½dkufvdkufawmhonf/ [lusif;onf xdkausmufrD;wdkif udkawGUvdkuf&onfESifh wpfaeUuwdkufcdkufcJhaom tvif;rmefoHk;a,muf a&muf&SdvmrSef; od&Sdvdkufawmhonf/ [lusi;f onf olUtzJUG om;rsm;tm; vGwu f if;&mwpfae&modUk qkwcf ikd ;f vdu k f NyD; olUvufxüJ zrf;csKyfxm;aom acgif;aqmifBuD;tm; t&Sdefjzifh usvmonfh ausmufrD;wdkifESifh &ifqkdifay;vdkufonf/ wdrfvTmtvif;rmefonf ol\vufudk vrf;ckvwfrS tjrefqHk;½kyfodrf; vdkuf&onf/ ½kyfodrf;NyD;onfESifh ab;odkU ckefxGufvdkuf&awmhonf/ tcsdefrD xdef;Edkifvdkufíom olwdkU\acgif;aqmifudk ausmufrD;wdkifESifh r½dkufrdjcif;jzpfonf/ xdktcg vpE´mtvif;rmefESifh avayGtvif;rmefwdkUESpfa,mufonf ausmufrD;wdkif udk,fpDudkifí [lusif;xHodkU ckeftkyfvdkufMujyefonf/ odUk aomf ,ckwpfBudrw f iG u f m; olwUkd pdwx f ifwikd ;f rwdu k cf u kd Ef ikd Mf uacs/ olwUkd \ tBuD;tuJ wpfa,muftm; [lusif;u tumtuG,f vkyfxm;NyD; r[kwfygvm;? olwdkUonf [lusif;em;odkU twifh&J&J rcsOf;uyfEdkifMuawmhacs/ xdt k vif;rmef*P kd ;f oH;k a,mufwUkd wdu k &f tcuf? rwdu k &f tcuf tBuH& usyfaeMupOf olwUkd \ awGa0aerSKudk tcGifhaumif;,lNyD; vpE´mtvif;rmef\ vufrS ausmufrD;wdkifwpfacsmif;udk [lusif;t&,lvdkufEdkifonf/ xdt k cgwGirf l usefvrl sm;onf a&SUqufwu kd &f ef ydk wGeUf qkwo f mG ;MuNyD; aemufoUkd jyefqw k o f mG ;Muawmhonf/ xdktcsdefwGif urf;ajcüqdkufuyfxm;aom avSBuD;tm;vHk;rS tajrmufBuD;rsm;onf [lusif;wufaeonfh avSBuD;tm; 0dkif;0ef;csdef&G,fxm;awmhonf/ [lusif;&yfaeonfh avSBuD;ay:rS tDMunfrsm; tm;vHk;onf tjcm;avSBuD;rsm;odkU jyefvnful;ajymif;oGm;Muawmhonf/ [lusif;wdkUavSESifh rsufESmcsif;qdkif&Sdaeaom avSBuD;ay:rS tDMunfwpf a,mufu w½kwfbmompum;jzifh vSrf;ajymvdkufonf/ ]]a&TarT; jcaoFhrif; ... rif;wdkU zrf;xm;wJh igwdkU&JU Nidrf;csrf;a&;rif;udk jyefvTwfay;yg? rif;wdkUudk jyefvTwfay;r,f}} &SufpGef;onf w[m;[m; &,farmum jyefajzvdkufavonf/ ]]rif;wdkUu ighudk oli,fESyfpm; uav;av;rsm; rSwfaeMuovm;a[h? igwdkU u 'D"m;pmcHudk vTwfvdkufw,f qdk&ifwdkUavmufrdkufwJhvl 'DavmuxJrSm &SdygOD; rvm;? "m;pmcH wdkUvufxJrSm r&Sdawmhbl;qdk&if igwdkUwpfawG tajrmufpmawG jzpfukefawmhrSmayghuG? [m; ... [m; ... [m;}} xdkvlu a'gojzifh jyefatmfvdkufonf/ ]]uJ ... qdkprf;? rif;wdkU bmvdkcsifovJ}}
719
rmwdum tcef; (81) tcef; (82) tcef; (83) tcef; (84) tcef; (85) tcef; (86) tcef; (87) tcef; (88) tcef; (89) tcef; (90) tcef; (91) tcef; (92) tcef; (93)
t½IH; tEkdif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720 iSufuav; ysHoGm;NyD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731 olawmif;pm;*kdPf; tpnf;ta0; . . . . . . . . .741 jyefvnfawGhqHkjcif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751 cspfovm; rkef;ovm; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .762 pdwf,kwfrm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .772 jcaoFhrif; b,fqDb,f0,f . . . . . . . . . . . 783 olawmif;pm;*kdPf; XmecsKyfokdh . . . . . . . . . . 789 tvdrfay:jcif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796 r*Fvmaehjrwf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805 aoG;pnf;aom r*Fvmaeh . . . . . . . . . . . . . 812 c&D;Murf; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 826 cspfoludk apmifha&Smufjcif; . . . . . . . . . . . . 831
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
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730
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]tif; ... pdwfrqdk;ygbl;? rif;u ighESvHk;om; wnfhwnfhudk rxdk;bJ ab;udk acsmf xdk;vdkufuwnf;u ighudk wdwfwcdk;cspfaeNyD qdkwm ig odvdkufvdkUyJ}} [lusif;onf tjzpfrSefuav;udk usDp,fvdkonfh oabmjzifh wrifajymvdkufjcif; jzpfonf/ ]]oGm; ... }} csLusL;onf pum;wpfvHk;wnf;atmfvdkufum rsufESmuav;&JoGm;onftxd &SufaoG;zsef;oGm;awmhonf/ ]][if; ... 'DvdkrSef;od&if tJ'DaeUuwnf;u olUESvHk;om;wnfhwnfhudk xdk;ypfvdkuf w,f? 'gqdk&if olrsm;udk tckvdk tEdkifusihfEdkifawmhrSm r[kwfbl;}} [lusif;onf csLusL;udk,fvHk;uav;udk ydkrdk wif;usyfpGm zufvdkufonf/ ]]aemufqdk&if rif;udk igu ydkNyD; cspf&awmhrSm ? rif;&JUpum; twdkif;ajym&&ifawmh rif;udk ydkNyD; tEdkifusihf &OD;rSmyJ? bmjzpfvJ odvm;? rif;[m igh&JU tifrwefcspfp&maumif;wJh ZeD;av; jzpfawmhrSm rdkUvdkUyJ }} csLusL;onf [lusif;udk pl;pl;pdkufpdkufMunfhvdkufNyD; ... ]]tpfudk[lusif; ... uRefr tpfudkUudk apmfum;rd&if trSm;wpfckck vkyfcJhrd&if uRefrudk ½dkufrSmvm;? owfrSmvm;[if}} [lusif;ESifh csLusL;wdkU\ rsufESmESpfckrSm tvGefeD;uyfaeMuojzifh wpfOD;\ xGufoufonf wpfOD;\ rsuf E S m od k U ½d k u f c wf v suf &S d a eMuonf / [l u sif ; pd w f r xd e f ; Ed k i f a wmh / ol r \yg;uav;ud k tm;&yg;& ½SdKuferf;vdkufrdonf/ ESKwfrSvnf; ajymvdkufonf/ ]]rif;avmuf El;nHhodrfarGUwJh rdef;uav; wpfa,mufu bmtrSm;awG vkyfrdEdkifrSmvJ}} csLusL;onf [lusif;\ ausmudk odkif;zufxm;&if;rSm jyefajymvdkufonf/ ]]vlwdkif;[m trSm;usL;vGefwwfwmcsnf;yJ? uRefru ydkqdk;Edkifw,f? bmjzpfvdkUvJ qdkawmh uRefr&JU rdbawG[m uRefri,fi,fuav;uwnf;u qH;k yg;oGm;cJMh uwm? uRefr uwpfaumif
738
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]csLusL; ... igaoaocsmcsm ajymr,f em;axmif? rif;[m igh&JUcspfZeD; rif;bmyJ trSm;usL;vGefcJh usL;vGefcJh rif;tay: igarwÅmrysufbl;? vufeJU ½dkufvm;ykwfvm;vkyfzdkU rajymeJU avoHrmrmeJUawmif rif;udk tjypfrwifbl;? uJ ... ,kHNyDvm;} ]]tpfudk[lusif;pum;udk NrJNrJrSwfxm;aemf? ay;NyD;wJh uwdudk a,musfm;yDyD wnfwHh atmif vkyf&r,f? b,fawmhrS uwdrysuf&bl;}} [lusif;onf csLusL;udk ayGUzufvdkuf&if; ... ]]csLusL;&,f ... ighpum;udk ,Hkprf;yg? igay;NyD;wJh uwdudk b,fawmhrS rzsuf&ygbl;uG,f}} csLusL;uvnf; [lusif;udk jyefvnfayGUzuf vdkufum ... ]]tpfudk[lusif; uRefrav tpfudkeJU vufxyfEdkifwmudk odyf0rf;omwmyJ? 'gayr,fh uRefru ausmufrdefwdkh a&Smifacsmif;wdkU vdkawmh xufxufjrufjruf r&Sdbl;aemf? 'gaMumifhrdkU uRefrudk EHkEHktt rdef;uav;qdkNyD; txifrao;eJUaemf? uRefr ... uRefrav? tpfudk [lusif;udk twwfEdkifqHk; taumif;qHk; jyKpk,k,rSmyg}} aemuf&ufrsm;0,f [lusif;onf csLusL;\ udk,fwGif;&Sd tqdyfudk ol\twGif;tm;udk toHk;jyKí tjyifodkUa&mufatmif wdkufxkwfypfvdkufonf/ xdktcg csLusL;\ cE¨mudk,fwGif;rS xl;jcm;csufwpfckudk awGU&Sdvdkuf&onf/ csLusL;\ udk,fwGif;rS tvGefat;pufaom twGif;tm;vSdKif;wpfcku [lusif;\ twGif;tm;udk ckcHwGef;vSefaeonfudk awGU&Sdvdkuf&onf/ xdktat;"mwf twGif;tm;vSdKif;onf ,cktcg tvGefao;i,faom tm;vSdKif;uav;wpfck jzpfae ao;aomvnf; aemif wpfcsdefcsdefwGif tvGefjyif;xefaom tm;vSdKif;wpfcktjzpfodkU ajymif;vJ oGm;EdkifaMumif; [lusif;cefUrSef; od&Sdvdkufonf/ [lusif;onf pdwfxJü awG;awmvdkufrdonf/ ]]'g[m 0gar*dkPf;&JU twGif;tm;yJ jzpf&r,f? 0gar*dkPf;&JU odkif;ynm[m tzdkbuf tm;ray;bl;? trbufudkyJ tm;ay;w,f}} csLusL;\tqdyfrsm;udk [lusif;xkwfay;cJh&m ESpf&ufrQ tMumwGif vHk;0aysmufuG,f oGm;awmhonf/ csLusL;\ tqdyfrsm; ajyavsmhoGm;onfh wwd,aeUwGif avSBuD;wpfpif; olwdkU\uRef;&Sd&modkU wnfhrwfpGm OD;wnf &Gufwdkufvmonfudk [lusif;wdkU awGU&SdMu&\ [lusif;onf &SufpGef;tm; xdktaMumif;udk ajymjyvdkufonf/ csLusL;url wkef,ifaom toHuav;jzifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]tpfudk[lusif; ... 'DavSBuD;u uRef;wnfhwnfhudk bmjzpfvdkU avSmfvm&wmvJ}} ]]at; ... [kwfw,f? awmfawmfav; tHhMop&mawmh aumif;aew,f? yifv,f"m;jy awGrsm;vm;rodbl;}} xdkavSBuD;onf BuD;rm;vGef;ojzifh uRef;\urf;ajcodkU uyfírvmEdkifawmhbJ a&euf&m wpfae&mwGif ausmufcs &yfem;ae&onf/ rsm;rMumrDyif avSi,fuav;wpfpif; uRef;bufodkU avSmfcwfvmaMumif; awGUMu&jyefonf/ uRef;ay:odUk wufvmolrsm;onf yifvnf"m;jyrsm; r[kwMf u/ rGe*f pkd pfom;rsm;om jzpfMuonf/ olwUkd onf rGef*dka&wyf\ ppf0wfpHkrsm; 0wfqifxm;Muonfudk awGU &onf/ [lusif;\ yxrOD;qHk;aom tawG;um; ... ]]ausmufrdef tjrifrSef&vdkU igwdkUudk vmac:wmrsm; rodbl;}} olonf csLusL;\ rsufESmudk pl;prf;vdkufonf/ csLusL;tvGefpdwfvSKyf&Sm; aeaMumif;awGUvdkuf&onf/ xdkpOf rGef*dkppfom;rsm;onf olwdkUoHk;a,mufudk t½dktao ay;NyD; ar;jref;vdkufonf/ ]]q&mBuD; usef;[lusif; &Sdygovm;}} ]]usKyf usef;[lusif;yJ}} xdkrGef*dk ppfom;onf usef;[lusif;\ pum;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg tvGefw&m 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;omjzpfoGm;NyD; tm;yg;w& ajymvdkufonf/ ]]uRefawmhfemrnfu yg;Zl;yg? 'DaeU q&mBuD;udk &SmawGU&wm uHaumif;w,fvdkU qdk&rSmygyJ? uRefawmfwdkUu trdefUeJU vmMuwmyg? q&mBuD; usef;[lusif;eJU q&mBuD; &SufpGef;udk ajrjyefUudk jyefac:oGm;zdkUu uRefawmfwdkU&JU wm0efygyJ}} 739
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkppfom;onf [lusif;ESifh &SufpGef;wdkUudkom jyefac:rnf[k ajymaeonf/ csLusL;\trnfudk csefvSyf xm;aMumif; tm;vHk;u owdjyKrdvdkufMuonf/ [lusif;u jyefar; vdkufonf/ ]]tckq&kd if cifAsm;wdUk usKyfwUkd udk vmac:&wJh twGuaf wmfawmf yifyef;oGm;MuNyD r[kwv f m;? tck b,fou l usKyfwdkUudk vmBudKcdkif;wmvJ}} olUudk,fol yg;Zl;[k rdwfqufcJhaom ppfom;uyif jyefajzonf/ ]]uRefawmfwdkU&JU ppfaoemywd trdefUeJU vmBudKMuwmyg? q&mBuD;wdkUudk tckvdk &SmawGUcJhwJh twGuf uRefawmfwdkUudk &mxl;wdk;ay;ygvdrfhr,f}} xdktcsufaMumifh olwdkUonf rdrdwdkUudk awGUvdkufonfESifh 0rf;omtm;&jzpfoGm;cJh Mujcif; jzpfaMumif; [lusif;wdkU ,ckrS vdyfywfvnf em;vnfrdMuawmhonf/ &SufpGef;u ajymvdkufonf/ ]]'Dvdkqdk&if aumif;NyD? usKyfwdkU&JU ypönf;awGudk oGm;,lvdkufOD;r,f? ,lNyD;&if cifAsm; wdkUaemuf vdkufcJhr,f}} &SufpGef;onf ajymNyD;onfESifh [lusif;ESifh csLusL;wdkU\ vufudkqJGum uRef;twGif;odkU jyefavQmuf oGm;awmhonf/ opfyifESifhcsKHykwfrsm; twefyif rsm;jym;vSaom tumtuG,fae&modkU a&mufaomtcgrS &SufpGef;u ajymvdkufonf/ ]]tck ... ausmufrdefavSvTwfNyD; igwdkUudk vmBudKcdkif;wm taMumif;wpfckck &Sd&r,f? rif;wdkU b,fvdk pOf;pm;xm;MuovJ}}
740
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(83) olawmif;pm;*dkPf; tpnf;ta0; [lusif;u ... ]]tazBuD;uaum b,fvdkawG;xm;ovJ? ausmufrdef[m [dkavSay:rSm &SdEdkifovm;}} ]]'Daumifrom avSay:rSm &Sd&ifawmh taumif;om;? wdkU&JU &efa
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf wkef,ifaomavoHjzifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]tazBuD; ... olwu,fyJ 'Davmufawmif &ufpuf ,kwfrmEdkifovm;[if? uRefawmfwdkUu olUtay: bmrsm;raumif;BuHcJhrdvdkUvJ}} &SufpGef;u ceJUNyHK;NyHK;í ajymvdkufonf/ ]]bm raumif;BuHrdcJhvdkUvJ [kwfvm;? rif; rodbl;vm;? *dkPf;BuD; ajcmuf*dkPf;u odkif;orm;awGudk rif;vGwfatmif vkyfvdkufwm? olUudk raumif;MuHwmayghuG? aemufNyD; wdkU'DuRef;rSm aeaewmu aorSmrS r[kwfwm? pm;p&m &du©mqkdwmu &SmazGvdku &aeEdkif w,fqdkwm olodwmyJ? wjcm; avSawGu wdkUudkawGUNyD; u,foGm;vdkU wdkUwawG ajrjyefU a&mufoGm;&if olUtwGuf tEÅ&m,fBuD;yJ r[kwfvm;}} csLusL;u aumufíar;vdkufjonf/ ]]tazBuD;&JU oabmudk ajymygOD;? tazBuD;&JU tBuHtpnfu uRefrxufawmh ydkaumif;r,f xifw,f}} &SufpGef;uvnf; csLusL;udk jyefar;vdkufonf/ ]]ighorD;&JU oabmudkvJ ajymjyygOD;? 'grS 0dkif;NyD; taumif;qHk;tBuHtpnfudk pOf;pm;EdkifrSmaygh}} ]]uRefroabmuawmh olwdkUeJU vHk;0 vdkufroGm;csifbl;? uRefrwdkU 'DrSmae ae&wmu ydkab;uif;ygw,f? ajrjyefUudkvJ rjyefcsifawmhbl;}} &SufpGef;onf w[m;[m; &,farm&if;ajymvdkufonf/ ]]aumif;uGm ? ighorD;uawmh wu,fh tBuHaumif; OmPfaumif;udk ay;vdkuf wmudk;? uJ ... ighorD; ajymwJhtwdkif; olwdkUeJU rvdkufcsifvdkU avSay:udk rwufMuawmhbl; qdkygawmh? olwdkUu ighwdkUudk vTwfygrvm;? uJ ... aemufwpfcg igwdkUu 'DavSxJu vlawGtm;vHk;udk owfypfvdkufygNyDwJh ? olwdkUu aemufxyf avSawG rvTwfedkifawmh bl;wJhvm;? 'ghxuf ta&;BuD;wm wpfcsuf &Sdao;w,f? ajrjyefUrSm [lusif;twGuf apmifhaewJh vkyfief;awG wpfyHkwpfacgif;BuD;&Sdaew,f? 'DawmhwdkU 'DuRef;rSm wpfoufvHk; aevdkU b,fjzpfawmhrvJ}} csLusL;onf rsufESmuav; eD&JoGm;NyD; ... ]]'Dvdkqdk&if tazBuD;yJ tpDtpOf vkyfygawmh? tazBuD;&JU tpDtpOftwdkif; uRefrwdkU vdkufvkyfyghr,f}} &S u f p G e f ; onf [l u sif ; ES i f h csLusL;wd k U \ em;em;uyf N yD ; wD ; wd k ; ajymvd k u f o nf / [l u sif ; wd k U u acgif;wndwfndwfESifh oabmwlaMumif; vu©Pm jyMuonf/ NyD;aemuf olwUkd oH;k a,mufom;nf pkaqmif;xm;aom ig;ajcmufEiS hf tjcm;&dum© tpm;tpmrsm;udk avSay:odUk wifNyD;avSBuD;udk xGufcGmcdkif;vdkufawmhonf/ avSBuD;onf yifv,fjyiftwGif;odkU c&D;tawmftwef aygufonftxd xGufcGm vmNyD;onfhtcsdefwGif olwdkUavS\ acgif;aqmiftm;[lusif;u "m;jzifhaxmufxm;vdkuf \/ ]]rif;wdkU igwdkUajymwJh pum;udk aoaocsmcsm vdkufemMuprf;? tck rif;wdkU&JU avSudk ta&SUbuf OD;wnfNyD; &GufvGifhMuprf;}} xdktcg acgif;aqmifjzpfolu aMumufaMumufvefUvefUESifh awmif;yefwdk;vQdK;&Sm onf/ ]]q&mBuD; ... uRefawmfwdkU ... uRefawmfwdkU q&mBuD;wdkUudk bmrS rapmfum;ygbl;? raumif;BuHzdkUvJ rBudK;pm;ygbl;}} ]]at; ... rif; ajymwmudk ig,Hkw,f? 'gayr,fh igwdkUrSm taMumif;wpfck &Sdaew,f? 'gaMumifh ightrdefUtwdkif;vkyf? em;raxmif&ifawmh rif;wdkUtm;vHk;&JU acgif;awGudk jzwfypfr,f}} xdktcg ppfom;rsm;\ acgif;aqmifu aMumufaMumufvefUvefUESifh 0efcH uwdjyKonf/ \][kwf ... [kwfuJh q&mBuD;? q&mBuD;wdkU ajymwJhtwdkif; uRefawmfwdkU &GufvGifhay;yghr,f}} xdkacgif;aqmifonf avSxdk;om;rsm;udk ta&SUbufodkU OD;wnfavSmfcwfcdkif;awmhonf/ oHk;&ufrQ Mumaomtcg olwdkUonf ork'´&mjyifus,fBuD;odkU a&muf&Sdvmawmh onf/ trSefpifppftm;jzifh ausmufrdefwdkU\ rGef*dkpufavSBuD;rsm;ESifh wdk;rnfpdk;&drfí þodkU vrf;aMumif;ajymif; avSmfcwfvmMujcif;jzpfonf/
742
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]*dkPf;csKyfBuD; ... usKyf[m usKyfwdkU*dkPf;BuD;twGuf rem;rae tvkyfvkyfaewJhvl jzpfwJhtwGuf raumif;qdk;0g; *dkPf;om;wpfa,mufudk vuf&zrf;qD;xm;ygw,f? *dkPf;csKyfBuD;yJ MunfhpDpOfay;yg}} csef&dkonf pum;ajymwwfoljzpfonf/ udk,f&nfaoG; pum;uav;rsm;udk rodrom ñSyfoHk;&if; olU*kPfudk wifjzpfatmif wifvu kd af o;onf/ olonf pum;qH;k onfEiS hf vufcyk w f ;D vdu k &f m olawmif;pm;*dP k ;f om; av;a,muf vlwpfa,mufudk zrf;qD;csKyfaESmifí ac:vmMuonf/ raumif;qdk;0g;*dkPf;om;[k csef½dku ajymqdkaeojzifh [lusif;onf tzrf;cHvli,f udk aocsmpGm Munfhvdkufonf/ xdkvli,f\ rsufESmudk awGUzl;jrifzl;ovdkqdkawmh &Sdonf/ odkUaomf rnfolrnf0grSef; rodbJ jzpfae&onf/ xdkvli,fonf tBuD;tus,fa'go xGufaeojzifh ½kef;&if;uef&if; ygvmonf/ csef½dkem;odkU a&muf&Sdaom tcgwGif vli,fonf cse½f t kd m; wHaxG;jzifh ½kww f &uf vSr;f axG; vdu k o f nf/ cse&f o kd nf csucf si;f yif a&Smifwrd ;f vdu k Nf yD; wpfqufwnf;yif xdkvli,f\ yg;udk vJT½dkufvdkufawmhonf/ xdkvli,f\ yg;onf csufcsif;yif eD&Ja,mifudkif; oGm;awmhonf/ csef½dkonfvnf; a'gotrsuf ajcmif;ajcmif;xGufvsuf &Sdaeonf/ þuJhodkU ae&mrsdK;üom r[kwfcJhvQif xdkvli,fonf towfcH&aumif;cH &Edkifayonf/ olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;av;a,mufonf olwdkU\ *dkPf;csKyfBuD;udkawGUzdkU wGef;xdk; qJGiifí ac:xkwf vmMuonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfBuD;udk 'l;axmufNyD; t½dktao ay;vdkufprf;}} xdkvli,fonf olawmif;pm; *dkPf;csKyfBuD; q,f[dkvHkudk t½dktao ray;onfh tjyif wHawG;jzifhyif ½kwfw&uf axG;vdkufao;onf/ *dkPf;csKyfBuD;onf uref;uwef; acgif;ikUH a&Smifwdrf;&ef BudK;pm;vdkufaomfvnf; ra&SmifEdkifbJ ezl;wGif wHawG;rsm; ayusH oGm;awmhonf/ csef½dkonf ½kwfjcnf;yif xdkvli,f\ ajcaxmufrsm;udk jzwf½dkuf&m xdkvli,f vJusoGm;awmhonf/ csufcsif;yifcsef½dku vli,fESifh *dkPf;csKyfBuD;\ Mum;wGif 0if&yfvdkufaomtcg *dkPf;csKyfBuD;tm; umvdkufovdk jzpfoGm;onf/ olonf a'gooHjzifh Budrf;armif;vdkufonf/ ]]rif; ... tawmf aoyef;yGifhcsifw,fwJh aumifyJ? ighudk vlowfcsifatmif awmfawmfvkyfaew,f}} ]]rif;wdkUu bmawG vmNcdrf;ajcmufaewmvJ? rif;wdkU ighudk zrf;rdvmNyD r[kwfvm; rif;wdkU BudKufovdk vkyfaygh? ighudk ao&rSm aMumufwJhaumifvdkUrsm; xifaeovm;? igu tvif;rmef *dkPf;om;uG}} csef½u kd xdv k il ,ftm; ½du k v f NJS yD; ½ke;f &if;qefcwfjzpfatmif vkyv f u kd o f jzifh cef;rxJrS vlrsm;onf csef½x kd o H Ukd tm½HkpdkufoGm;Muonf/ xdktcsdefwGif *dkPf;csKyfBuD; q,f[dkvHkonf olUezl;üayusHaeaom wHawG;rsm;udk okwfoifypf vdkuf&onf/ *dkPf;om; rsm;onf xdktjzpfudk ½kwfw&uf rodvdkufMuojzifh q,f[dkvHktzdkU £ajE´rysuf qufvufaeEdkifawmhonf/ csef½dkonf q,f[dkvHk £ajE´rysuf aeEdkifavmufNyD[k ,lqvdkufum aemufodkU ajcESpfvSrf;cefU qkwfvdkufNyD; ... ]]*dkPf;csKyfBuD; ... 'Daumif[m raumif;qdk;0g;*dkPf;rSmawmh wu,fh xdyfoD;odkif;orm; wpfa,mufyJ? olUodkif;ynm[m awmfawmf tqifhtwef;jrifhw,f? 'gaMumifhrdkU olUudk ayhgayhgqq rvkyfbJeJU *dkPf;om; av;a,mufeUJ csKyfuikd cf ikd ;f wm&wm raumif;qd;k 0g;*dP k ;f u rif;BuD;av;a,mufxufawmif olUynmu omyH&k w,f}} [l u sif ; onf xd k p um;ud k Mum;vd k u f & aomtcg tvG e f t H h M ooG m ;onf / aemuf r S wjznf ; jznf ; oabmaygufvmojzifh xdkvli,f\ odkif;ynmudk þodkU rwefwq ajr§mufyifh ajymMum;rSom *dkPf;csKyfBuD;\ t&Sufudk umuG,fEdkifrnf r[kwfygvm;/ rnfodkUyifjzpfap [lusif; pOf;pm;aeonfh tcsufrSm *dkPf;csKyfBuD; wpfa,muftaejzifh tb,faMumifh þrQ odkif;ynmnHhzsif;ae&oenf;qdkonfh tcsufudkyif jzpfavonf/ wHawG; axG;csufudkyif ra&SmifEdkif[kqdkvQif tjcm;"m;vHS vufeufwpfckckudk tb,fodkU a&Smifwdrf;Edkif ayvdrrhf nfenf;/ þtcsufwpfcsufonf t"dygÜ ,f r&S?d ,kwrdÅ &Sd aom tcsufjzpfaeonf/ ydí k xl;qef;aom tcsufrmS q,f[dkvHk wHawG;axG;cHvdkuf&aomtcg pdwfqdk; a'goxGufaom rrlt&m[lí vHk;0r&SdbJ aMumuf½GHUwkefvSKyf oGm;aom trlt&mrsm;om &Sdaejcif;yifjzpfonf/ ol\rsufESmwGif vQdKU0SufcsufBuD; wpfckay:aygufoGm;rnfudk pdk;&drfaeonfh tvm;yif/ 753
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf tH0ifcGifus rjzpfonfh tcsdKUaom trlt&mrsm;aMumifh uefUvefUum aemufuG,frSm Zmwfvrf; wpfckckawmh &Sd&rnf[k wGufqvdkufonf/ xdkpOf pnf;urf; xdef;odrf;a&;rSL;\toH xGufay:vmonf/ ]]csef½dk ... ol b,folvJ}} ]]olUemrnfu a0vif;? olu a0qef;&JUom;yJ}} a0qef; [laom trnfudk Mum;vdkuf&awmhrS xdkvli,fudk [lusif;od&Sdrdawmhonf/ tvif;rmef*dkPf;BuD; vdyjf ymuke;f wGif *dP k ;f vH;k uRwf tpnf;ta0;BuD; usi;f ycJph Ofu xdv k il ,f\ zcif jzpfaoma0qef;onf rdr\ d ab;wGif &SdaecJh ayonf/ a0qef;onf ES,fES,f&& *dkPf;om;wpfa,muf r[kwfay/ tvif;rmef*dkPf;\ tqifhjrifh*dkPf;om; wpfa,mufjzpfonf/ tvif;rmef*dkPf;\ awmifydkif;awmfvSefa&;wyf\ tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;vnf; jzpfonf/ xdkUaMumifh [lusif;taejzifh a0qef;udk aumif;pGm od&Sd jcif;jzpfawmhonf/ pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;rSL;u wtHhwMo ajymvdkufavonf/ ]]bm ... olu a0qef;&JU om;vm;? csef½dk rif;'Dwpfcgawmh wu,fhudk awmfwmyJ? 'Daumifh tazu awmifyikd ;f rSm odyef mrnfBuD;aewJh aumify?J olUwyfu rGe*f akd wGtay:rSm atmifyGJ tvDvD cHaew,f? tckoUl om;igwdUk vufxJ a&mufvmawmh bmajymp&m &SdawmhovJ? olUtaz[m igwdkU pum;udk em;raxmifvdkU rjzpfawmhbl;? awmfw,fuGm? csef½dk odyfawmfw,f}} xdkpum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg a0vif;onf atmf[pfqJqdkawmhonf/ ]]rif;wdkU tdyfrufrufraeMueJU ? ightazu rif;wdkU vdk rdef;rusifh rdef;rBuHBuHwwfwJh vlrsdK;r[kwfbl;? ol&Jaumif;uG? ol&Jaumif; ? rif;wdkUu t&Sufr&SdbJeJU ighudk "m;pm;cH vkyfNyD; tusyfudkifzdkU pOf;pm;aeMuao;w,f? prf;Munfhprf;ygOD;? &rvm;vdkU? olUom;udkom taocHrSmuG? rif;wdkU tusyfudkifwmudkawmh b,fawmhrS vufcHrSm r[kwfbl;? aemufwpfck rif;wdkU rSwfxm; Mu? ightaz[m *dkPf;csKyfBuD; usef;[lusif;&JU pum;wpfck xJyJ emcHw,f? [m; ... [m; ... [m; ... [m; ? igwdkU tvif;rmef *dkPf;udk rif;wdkUvdk tEkwfpkwfyvkwfpkwf olawmif;pm;*dkPf;u vmNydKifcsifao;w,f? rif;wdkU *dkPf;csKyfvdk vlpm;rsdK;[m igwdkU *dkPf;csKyfBuD;&JU zdeyfudkifay;wJh tqifhudkawmif r&Edkifbl;uG? [m; ... [m; ... [m; ... [m;}} xdkpOf csef½dku0ifajymvdkufonf/ ]]rif;wdkU *dkPf;csKyf usef;[lusif;&JU odkif;ynmu qdk;awmh rqdk;vSygbl;? 'gayr,fh olu toufwdkr,f? olUudk aA'ifq&mu a[mxm;w,f? 'DESpftwGif;rSmyJ aovdrfhr,fwJh}} csef½dkxHrS pum;xGufvmonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf [lusif;ykef;aeonfh ab;buf&Sd opfyifBuD;rS opfudkif;onf ½kwfw&uf wkefvSKyfoGm;onfudk owdjyKvdkufrdonf/ [lusif; em;pdkufaxmifvdkufaomtcg xdkae&mrS touf½SLoH wpfckudk wdk;nif;pGmMum;vdkuf&onf/ odkUaomf xdktouf½SLoHonf csufcsif; aysmufuG,f oGm;ojzifh xdkvlonf olUtouf½SLoHudk jyefvnf xdef;odrf;vdkufaMumif; [lusif;odvdkuf&onf/ ]]tif; ... igwpfa,mufxJ r[kwfygvm;? ighvdk acsmif;ajrmif;ykef;atmif;aewJh vlawGvJ 'Dudk a&mufaeMuyguvm;}} xdkpOf a'gojzifh atmf[pfvdkufaom a0vif;\ toHudk Mum;vdkuf&onf/ ]]rif;wdkUu rif;wdkUjzpfcsifwmawG avQmufajymaewmyJ? igwdkU *dkPf;csKyfBuD; [lusif;avmuf pdwfxm; El;nHhwJhvl? oabmaumif;wJhvl 'Dodkif;avmuxJrSm wpfa,mufrS r&Sdbl;uG? bk&m;ocifu olUudk tNrJapmifha&Smuf aerSmyJ? ol[m aemufxyf tESpfwpf&mru touf&Snf&SnfaeEdkifr,fh vluG}} csef&dku ... ]]at; ... rif; bmyJajymajym aA'ifq&muawmh usef;[lusif;[m toufEpS q f ,fh av;ESpx f uf ydrk ae&bl;vdUk aoaocsmcsm a[mwm;wmyJ}} csef½dkonf olUpum;udk qufajym&ef jyifqifaepOfrSmyif apmapmu tenf;i,f vSKyf&rf;oGm;aom opfyifay:rS vlwpfa,muf cef;rxJodkU ckefqif;oGm;awmhonf/ 754
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]usef;[lusif; 'DrSm&Sdw,fa[h? b,faumifu ighudk toufwdkr,fvdkU usdefqJae&wmvJ ajymMuprf;}} [lusif;onf tvGefw&m tHhMooGm;ojzifh aoaocsmcsm Munfhvdkufrdonf/ a,musfm; t0wftpm;udk aoaooyfoyf 0wfqifxm;onfh ausmufrdef jzpfaeacsonf wum;/ xdkUaMumifh [lusif;wkefvSKyfacsmufcsm;oGm;rdawmhonf/ ol\ESvHk;om;twGif;0,f 0rf;omonfvm;? aMuuJG0rf;enf;onfvm;? cJGcJGjcm;jcm; trnfwyf&ef cufcJvSonfh a0'emwpfckudk cHpm;vdkuf&awmhonf/ ausmufrdefrSef; odvdkufonfESifh [lusif;[if;ceJ jzpfoGm;cJh&onf/ cef;rxJ&Sd vltm;vHk;onf olUudk,fol usef ; [l u sif ; [k ajymaeaom ausmuf r d e f x H o d k U tm½H k a &muf a eMuojzif h [l u sif ; \ tmar#d w f o H u d k rMum;rdvdkufMuacs/ csef½dkwdkUonf ½kwfw&uftm;jzifh xdwfvefUoGm;Muonf/ odkUaomf ,ck usef;[lusif;[k ajymaeolrSm rd e f ; uav;wpf a ,muf E S i f h tvG e f w l v S N yD ; od k i f ; avmuxJ ü ajymaeMuonf h usef ; [l u sif ; \½k y f & nf E S i f h odyfrwlvSonfudk awGU&SdMu&aomtcg r,HkouFmpdwfrsm; ay:vmMuawmh\/ csef½dkuatmfajymvdkufonf/ ]]usef;[lusif; tapmBuD;xJu aoaeNyDyJ? b,fu usef;[lusif; twkwpfa,muf xGufvm&wmvJ}} ausmufrdefuvnf; a'gojzifh jyefatmfvdkufonf/ ]]usef;[lusif;vm; aor,fqdkwm cJ,Of;vdkufwm? 'Davmuf pGrf;&nfjynfh0wJh vl[m b,fawmhrS raobl;? rif;wdkU 'Du vlawGtm;vHk; aoawmif usef;[lusif;u raobl;aemf}} olr\ avoHrsm;xJwGif aMuuJG 0rf;enf;rSKrsm; xGufaeonfudk Mum;odvdkuf &aomtcg &ifxJ0,f eifhceJ jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf uRef;ay:ürdrdwdkUtm; ypfxm;cJhonf tjzpftwGuf aMuuJG 0rf;enf;aeonfvm; rqdkEdkifay/ [lusif;onf olUudk,fol csufcsif; owday;vdkufrdonf/ ]][lusif; ... rif;bmawG awG;aeovJ? 'Dvkd aumufuspf,w k rf mwJh rde;f uav;[m b,fvakd Mumifh rif;twGuf aMumifh0rf;enf;aewmvJ? [lusif; ... [lusif; ... rif;[m wu,fawmh olUtay: arwÅm rukefao;bl;? cspfpdwfrjy,fao;bl;? 'gaMumifh rif;[m olUudk wwfEdkiforQ taumif;bufuae pOf;pm;aewmudk;}} csef½dku atmf[pfar;vdkufonf/ ]]rif; b,folvJ? wdkUcGifhrjyKbJeJU bmaMumifh 'Dcef;rxJ 0ifvm&wmvJ}} ]]igvm; ... igusef;[lusif;yg[ qdkaerS b,folvJvdkUar;ae&ao;vm;? ig&JU*dkPf;om;udk jyefvTwfprf;? ajymp&m&Sd&if ighudkajym}} csef½dk\ab;wGif &yfaeaom qdkUcsif;pl;onf oa&mfNyHK; NyHK;íajymvdkufonf/ ]]'DrmS ausmufred ?f olrsm;uawmh cifAsm;udk rodMuayr,fh usKyfuawmh odw,f? olrsm;wawG use;f [lusi;f udk rawGUzl;ayr,fh usKyfu awGUzl;w,f}} qdkUcsif;pl;onf ol\ pum;udk acwÅ&yfvsuf *dkPf;csKyfBuD;q,f[dkvHkxHodkU vSrf;í ajymvdkufonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfBuD; ... 'Drdef;uav;[m wjcm;ol r[kwfbl;? rGef*dkrif;orD;av; ausmufrdefqdkwmyJ? olUvufatmufrSm wu,fhtausmftarmf odkif;orm;awG trsm;BuD; &Sdw,f? OmPfeD OmPfeufvJ tifrwef rsm;w,f olUudk aumif;aumif; owdxm;yg}} qdUk csif;pl;u usef;[lusif;udk eD;eD;uyfuyf awGUzl;onfrmS trSeyf ifjzpfonf/ csef½u kd rl [lusif;i,fpOfwek ;f u a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;wGif wpfBudrfom awGUcJhzl;ayonf/ pnf;urf;xde;f odr;f a&;rSL;onf csufcsif;yif avcRefí tcsufay;vdu k Nf yD; atmf[pf trdeUf ay;vdu k af wmhonf/ ]]usefuGef; e*g;acgif;onf ... cifAsm;taeeJU *dkPf;om;awGudk OD;aqmifNyD; tjyifu &efolawG 0ifvm&if ckcHEdkifatmif tqifoifh jyifqifxm;yg}} usefuGef; e*g;acgif;onf OD;ñGwf t½dktaojyKum trdefUudk emcHvsuf cef;rtjyifudk vsifjrefpGm xGufoGm;awmhonf/ csufcsif;vdkvdkyif bk&m;ausmif;BuD;\ av;bufav;wefrS avcRefoHrsm;udk tqufrjywf Mum;vdkuf&awmhonf/
755
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ausmufrdefonf rsufESmwpfcsuf ysufoGm;NyD;? vufckyfwpfcsufwD;vdkufonf/ vufckyfoHqHk;oGm;onfESifh tcef;xJodkU vlESpfa,mufckefvTm;0ifa&mufvmawmhonf/ vuf0g;*dkPf;wl nDtpfudkESpfa,mufjzpfonfh vkusefUESifh aumhydwdkU ESpfa,mufyif jzpf awmhonf/ pnf;urf; xdef;odrf;a&;rSL;onf csufcsif; trdefUay;vdkufonf/ ]]'DvlESpfa,mufudk zrf;vdkufMuprf; vHk;0 rvGwfapeJU }} xdktcg tdwfckepftdwform; av;a,mufwdkUonf vkusefUESifh aumhydwdkUtm; tjyif;txef 0ifa&muf wdkufcdkufMuawmhonf/ odkUaomf wdkufcdkufMuí oHk;uGufyif rjynfhao; xdk*dkPf;om;av;a,mufpvHk; vJusoGm; awmhonf/ olUvlrsm; ta&;edrfhoGm;onfudk jrifvdkuf&awmh odkif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;onf wdkufyJGtwGif;odkU csufcsif; ckefysH0ifa&mufvmNyD; vuf0g;apmif;jzifh aumhydudk ½dkufcsvdkufonf/ xdkvuf0g;apmif;½dkufvdkufonfh t&SdefESKef;ESifh avoHudk em;awmif½HkrQjzifh tvGefw&m jyif;xefvSaom ½d k u f t m;jzpf a Mumif ; vnf ; od v d k u f r d o nf / xd k v uf 0 g;apmif ; \ ½d k u f u G u f t & e*g;Ed k i f v uf 0 g;apmif ; odik ;f wpfq,f&h pS u f u G rf S wpfuu G jf zpfaMumif;vnf; odvu kd rf o d nf/ xdek *g;Edik f vuf0g;apmif; odik ;f ynmrSm vGecf ahJ om tESpfwpf&mcefUu taumif;qHk;aom NydKifpH&Sm;odkif;ynm jzpfcJhayonf/ odkUaomf ,if;odkif;ynmonf vQdKU0Suf eufev J o S jzifh wpfpwpfp wdraf um aysmufq;kH vmcJ&h m ,cktcsdeüf odik ;f uGuf wpfq,fEh pS u f u G o f m usef&adS wmhonf/ odik ;f ynmoifMum;a&;rSL;u þuJo h Ukd &Sm;yg;cufcv J NS yD; tvGejf yif;xefonfh ½du k cf sujf zifh ½du k v f u kd o f nft h cg aumhydonf ayghayghqq rvkyf&JbJ vuf0g;apmif;wpfcsuf wHkUjyef½dkufxkwfvdkuf&onf/ wu,fwrf;tm;jzifh olwdkUESpfa,muf\ odkif;tm;rSm vHk;0rwlMuacs/ odkif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;\ odkif;tm;onf tzdktm;jzpfí tyl"mwfjzpfonf/ odkUaomf aumhyd\ odkif;tm;rSmrl trtm;jzpfonfh tat;"mwf jzpfaeonf/ odkU&mwGif olwdkUESpfa,mufom; ,SOfvdkufaomtcg aumhyd\ odkif;tm;utenf;i,f omaeaMumif; awGU&Sd&onf/ xdkU aMumifh odkif;ynmoifMum;a&;rSL;onf aemufodkU ajcvSrf;wpfvSrf; qkwfay;vdkuf&onf/ ol w d k U ES p f a ,muf o nf aemuf x yf vuf 0 g;apmif ; ES p f c suf ½ d k u f v d k u f M ujyef o nf / od k i f ; ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;onf aumhyd\odkif;tm;udk awmifhrcHEdkifojzifh aemufbufodkU ajcESpfvSrf; xyfqkwfay;&jyefonf/ odkif;ynmoifMum;a&;rSL;\ tajctaer[efrSef; odojzifh usef;yef e*g;acgif;onf ckef0ifvmNyD; aumhydudk wdkufcdkufawmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf vuf0g;apmif;tbdk;BuD;ESpfa,muf 0ifvmonfESifh olronf jyefvnf ckefxGufoGm;&ef [efjyifvdkufonf/ odkUaomf olr ckefrxGufEdkifawmh/ csef½dkonf "m;udk xkwfíolrudk wm;xm;vdkufaomaMumifh jzpfayawmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf 0rfzm; bk&m;ausmif;xJwGif *dkPf;BuD;ajcmuf*dkPf; odkif;q&mBuD;rsm;xHrS tqifhtwef; jrifhvSaom odkif;uGufrsm;pGmudk &vdkuf[efwlonf/ olr\ "m;odkif;ynmonf tawmfyif tqifhjrifhvSayonf/ olronf ]csef;} ]csef;} ]csef;} [laom "m;oHoHk;csufESifhtwl odkif;uGufoHk;uGuf xkwfoHk;vdkufonf/ xdkoHk;uGufudk csef½dk&ifqdkifrwdkufEdkifacs/ xdkUaMumifh aemufodkU ckefqkwfí a&Smifvdkuf&onf/ odkUaomf pwkw¦tuGufudkrl vHk;0ra&SmifEdkifawmh/ ausmufrdefu csef½dk\&ifbwfodkU olr\ "m;udk xdk;oGif;vdkufawmhonf/ xkdpOf qdkUcsif;pl;onf ½kwfw&uf ckef0ifvmNyD; ol\"m;jzifh ausmufrdef\"m;udk z,fxkwfypfvdkufonf/ [lusif;onf tay:pD;rS Munfhaeoljzpf&m cef;rBuD;twGif; xdk;ckwfwdkufaeorQudk xif&Sm;pGm awGUjrifae&onf/ qdkUcsif;pl;onf csef½dk \toufudk u,fvdkufjcif; omjzpf onf/ qdkUcsif;pl;onf trSefwu,fyif [lwef;*dkPf;\ "m;odkif;ynmtESpfom&udk &&Sdxm;vdkufayNyD/ ol\ "m;csufonf jyif;xef½HkrQru rSefvnf; rSefuefvSonf/ csef½dkurl a&Smifvif*dkPf;om;jzpfojzifh a&Smifvifodkif;ynmjzifh ab;rS yHhydk;wdkuf cdkufonf/ ausmufrdefonf odkif;uGufrsdK;pHkudk wwfajrmufuRrf;usifcJhonfrSm rSefaomfvnf; ,ckuJhodkU ESpfa,mufwpfa,muf wdkufcdkuf&onfh tcgwGifrl wdkufppfrScHppfodkU wjznf;jznf; ajymif;vm&awmhonf/ [lusif;onfvnf; Munfh&if;Munfh&if;jzifh ausmufrdeftwGuf ylyefvmawmhonf/ þtajctaetwdkif;om qufvufckcHoGm;&ygu aemufqHk;vufyrf;usNyD; ½SKH;edrfhoGm;& ayawmhrnf/ 756
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757
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]][if; ... &Sifh tazBuD;u &ufpufayr,fh &Sifhvdkolrsm; vSdrfhwdkif;cHwJh EkHEkH ttBuD; r[kwfbl;? &Sifu uRefrtwGuf bmylae&wmvJ? &SifhtazBuD;u uRefrudk owfvdkuf&if tm;vD twGufwdkufcdkufay;NyD;&m a&mufoGm;wmaygh? &SifhtwGuf ydkraumif;bl;vm;}} ]]igu bmawG EkHtaevdkUvJ? rif;udk ightazBuD;eJU wrifudk ay;rawGUapcsifvdkU ajymaewm}} ]][lusif; ... &Sif[m odyf&,fzdkUaumif;wmyJ? wu,fawmh &Sif[m uRefrudk b,fvdkrS rrkef;Edkifbl;? &SifhtazBuD;u uRefrudk owfrSm &Sifodyfpdk;&drfw,f r[kwfvm;}} ausufrdefonf [lusif;\ &ifxJrS vQdKU0Sufcsufudk azmfxkwfvdkufojzifh [lusif;\ rsufESmwpfjyifvHk; &JceJ jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ ]]rif; ... vQmodyfr&SnfeJU ? wpfaeUus&if rif;tjypfeJUrif; cH&rSm yJ? tJ'DtcgusrS aemifw&raeeJU? taumif;qHk; tBuHay;vdkufr,f? rif; ... igwdkUeJU a0;a0;aeyg? awmfMum igpdwfrxdef;Edkif&if rif;udk owfrdvdrfhr,f}} ausmufrdefonf [lusif;tem;odkU avQmufvmNyD; ... ]]uRefr OD;av;&SufpGef; eJU csLusL;udk aoaocsmcsm ar;p&m &Sdaew,f? uRefruvJ olrsm;&JU aemufuG,frSm olrsm;raumif; wmrajymcsifbl;? uRefru ydkNyD;awmif bGif;bGif; ajymwwfao;w,f? 'gaMumifh olwdkU&JU rsufESmpHknD ajz&Sif;r,f}} [lusif;onf wtHhwMo jzpfoGm;onf/ ]]rif;u olwdkUudk bmawGar;NyD; ? bmawG ajz&Sif;rvdkUvJ}} ]tdk ... uRefrwdUk ajz&Si;f wJh tcgusawmh &Sio f rd mS aygh? uRefruawmif aorSm raMumufbeJ UJ &Siu f Mum;xJu bmjzpfvdkU aMumufae&wmvJ? uJ ... uRefrudk olwdkUqD ac:oGm;yg} [lusif;awGa0oGm;onf/ ]]ausmufrdef ... 'grif;oabmeJU rif;oGm;wmaemf? wu,fvdkU ightazBuD;u rif;udk owf&ifawmh rif;udk igvHk;0ru,fEdkifbl;? tJ'DawmhrS ighudk tjypfrwifeJU }} ]]tdk ... &Sif uRefrtwGuf pdwfylraeprf;ygeJU}} [lusif;onf a'gojzifh atmfvu kd o f nf/ trSepf ifppf ausmufred t f m; olUtazBuD; qDoUkd rvdu k &f ef wm;jrpfí r&EdkifaomaMumifh u½kPm a'gaomjzifh atmfvdkufjcif;om jzpfonf/ ]]igu bmjzpfvdkU qkawmif;½Hk qkawmif;ae&wmvJ? 'Davmuf aoapcsif&if wpfcgwnf; &SifhvufeJU owfvdkufygvm;}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdefESifh pum;,SOfNydKiftEdkifvkí rajymEdkif? qufíajymaevQif olUtxkyf olajzjyovdk jzpfaeNyD; olom t&SufuJGae&ayvdrfhrnf/ xdkUaMumifh vSnfhxGuf oGm;awmhonf / ausmufrdefuvnf; olUaemufrS uyfvdkuftm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf NrdKUwGif;odkU 0ifcgeD;wGif ajcvSrf;rsm;udk wkefUceJ &yfqdkif;vdkufonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ... igu rif;twGuf udpo ö Hk;ck aqmif&Gufay;r,fvdkU uwday;xm; w,f r[kwfvm;? tckqdk&if igu rif;twGuf e*g;Edkif"m; &Smay;NyD;NyD? aemufxyfudpö ESpfck aqmif&Gufay;zdkU usefaeao;w,f? tck rif; ightazBuD;eJU vdkufawGU&if ightazBuD;u rif;udk aocsmayguf owfrSmyJ? 'gaMumifh tck rif;jyefoGm;prf;yg? ig awmif;yefygw,f? igusefwJh udpöESpfckaqmif&Gufay;NyD;wJh tcgusawmhrS ightazBuD;eJU vmawGU&if vJjzpfw,f r[kwfvm;}} ausmufrdefonf NyHK;vdkuf&if ... ]]&Sif ... uRefraorSmpdk;vdkU 'DtaMumif;jycsufawG &SmNyD; ajymaewm r[kwfvm;? [if; ... [if; uRefr odw,f? &SifuRefrudk rowf&ufbl;}} [lusif;onf a'gojzifh atmfvdkufjyefonf/ ]][kwfw,f? rowf&ufbl;? 'g bmjzpfovJ? rif;[m igpdwfqif;&Jatmif vkyfaewmyJ}} ausmufrdefonf MunfEl;0rf;ajrmufaom avoHjzifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]bmjzpf&rvJ ... uRefr odyf0rf;omwmaygh? uRefrudk 'Davmuf cspfyghrvm;vdkU t&ifu pdk;&drfcJhw,f? uRefravmuf cspfvdrfhr,fvdkUvJ rxifcJhbl;? tck uRefr odNyD? &SifvJ uRefrvdkyJ}} 768
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf oufjyif;wpfcsuf ½SdKufvdkufonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ig rif;udk awmif;yefygw,f? vdkufrvmygeJU aemf ...}} ]][ifhtif; ... uRefr OD;av; &SufpGef;udk awGUrSjzpfr,f? rawGUvdkU rjzpfbl;? 'gaMumifh ZGwfvdkufvmwmaygh}} [lusif;rwwfEdkifawmh / ckrS ausmufrdef tifrwef acgif;rmrSef;odawmhonf/ ,ckuJhodkU ajymr& qdkr& jzpfavmufonftxd acgif;rmr,f[kawmh rxifcJhacs/ xdkUaMumifh wnf;cdkcef;&Sd&modkU avQmufvm&awmhonf/ [lusif;onf &SufpGef;\ wHcg;udk acgufvdkufonf/ ]]tazBuD; ... tazBuD; ... wHcg;zGifhygOD;}} [lusif; wHcg;acguf&if; ausmufrdef\ udk,fuav;udk umxm;vdkufonf/ odkUaomf twGif;rS rnfonfh wHkUjyefoHudkrQ rMum;&acs/ [lusif;onf wHcg;udk wGef;Munfhvdkufonf/ wHcg;udk twGif;bufrS uefUvefUxdk; xm;aMumif; od&Sdvdkuf&onf/ [lusif; tvGeftHhMooGm;onf / olUtazBuD; rnfrQ em;yg;onfudk [lusif; aumif;aumif;odonf/ tdyfaysmfaevsufrSyif olwdkU\ ajcoHudk aumif;aumif; Mum;od aeESifhwwfonf/ ,ck tcef;wGi;f rS rnfonfh toHurkd Q rMum;/ [lusif;onf twGi;f tm;udk xkwí f wHcg;udk wGe;f vdu k o f nf/ bef;ceJ jrnf[D;vsuf opfom;uefUvefUBuD; usdK;yJhoGm;awmhonf/ tcef;xJwGif vlwpfa,mufrQ r&Sd ? jywif;wHcg;rSmrl yGifhaeonf/ {uEÅ tazBuD; &SufpGef; jywif;aygufrS ckefxGufoGm;jcif;jzpf&rnf/ [lusif;onf csLusL;\ tcef;a&SUodUk avQmufvmNyD; wHcg;acgufvu kd jf yefonf/ odUk aomf rnfonfh toHurkd Q rMum;/ xdkUaMumifh apmapmu enf;twdkif;wHcg;udk ½dkufcsdK;NyD; zGifhvdkufjyefonf/ tcef;xJwGif csLusL;r&Sd? tcef;xJ&Sd ypönf;rsm;onf z½dkz&J jyefUusJírae/ olUae&mESifhol pDpD&D&D &Sdaeonf/ xdUk aMumifh [lusi;f onf pm;yJx G ;kd udk ac:ar;vdu k af vonf/ pm;yJx G ;kd uvnf; &Supf eG ;f wdUk ESpaf ,muf xGuo f mG ; onf u d k vH k ; 0rawG U yg[k ajzMum;onf / ½k e f ; &if ; qef c wf jzpf o nf v nf ; rMum;&yg[k xyf a jymonf / [lusif;pdwfoufom&m &oGm;onf/ ]]{uEÅ ... ESpfa,mufpvHk; rouFmp&m wpfckck awGUvdkU &efolUaemufudk vdkufoGm;Muwm jzpf&r,f}} aemufqHk;&SufpGef;\ tcef;wGif;odkU 0ifvdkufMuonf/ ausmufrdefu ... ]]&Sifu OD;av;&SufpGef; r&SdwmvJ awGUa&m bmjzpfvdkU 0rf;omovdk jzpfae&wmvJ}} ]]rif; ... bmawG avQmufajymae&wmvJ? igu bmjzpfvdkU 0rf;om&rSmvJ}} ausmufrdefu NyHK;&,fumajymvdkufonf/ ]][if ... uRefru &SifhrsufESmudk Munfhaewm&Sifh od&JUvm;? &Sif wHcg;udk wGef;zGifh 0ifvdkufwkef;u OD;av; &SufpGef;udk rawGU&awmh wpfcsufaMumifoGm;w,f? pdwfvSKyf&Sm;NyD; wif;aewJh &SifhrsufESm[m csufcsif; ajyusoGm;NyD; pdwfoufomvdk jzpfoGm;w,f}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdefudk Edkifatmif rajymEdkifrSef; odojzifh olUudkvHk;0 ta&;pdkuf jyefajymraeawmhbJ ckwifapmif;wGif 0ifxdkifvdkufawmhonf/ ausmufrdefuvnf; NyHK;aphaphjzifh cHkwpfcHkwGif 0ifxdkifvdkufonf/ ]]&Sif rajymayr,fh uRefrodygw,f? OD;av; &SufpGef;u uRefrudk owfrSm &Sifodyf pdk;&drfaew,f r[kwfvm;? olr&Sdwm awmfoGm;w,f? EdkUrdkU&if &SifhtzdkU tawmfav; tcuf awGU&awmhrSm ? uRefrodw,f? &Sif ... uRefr aorSm odyfpdk;&drfaew,f}} ]]rif;[m w,fcufwmyJ? [kwfw,f? [kwfw,f? uJ ... bmjzpfovJ}} ]]uRefr odyf0rf;omaevdkU ajymjyaerdwmyg}} ]]uJ ... ajymprf;ygOD;? iguawmh rif;udk rowf&ufbl;? rif;uawmh ighudk bmjzpfvdkU wpfBudrfNyD;wpfBudrf vkyfBuHae&wmvJ? rif;uawmh ighudk owf&ufw,f r[kwfvm;}} ausmufrdef\ rsufESmuav;onf ½kwfw&uf eDjref;oGm;NyD; wdk;nif;aom toH uav;jzihf ajymvdkufonf/
769
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]][kwfw,f? t&ifwkef;uawmh &Sifhudk uRefr wu,fowfcsifcJhwmyJ? 'gayr,fh [dkwpfcg&SifeJU uRefr axmif a csmuf x J u d k usoG m ;NyD ; uwnf ; u &S i f h u d k uRef r b,f v d k r S rowf & uf a wmh b l ; ? owf c sif a e ygao;w,fvdkUajym&if uRefrudk rdk;BudK;ypfrSmyJ}} [lusif;onf olr\usdefqdkaom pum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg tvGeftHhtm; oifhoGm;onf/ ]]'gjzifh bmjzpfvdkU [dk "m;ESpfvufeJU ighudk uRef;ay:rSm xm;ypfcJh&wmvJ? 'Dvdkawmh ypfxm;Edkif&ufovm;}} \]&Siu f uRerf udk wbufowf txifvaGJ ewmyJ? tckae uRerf ajymvJ &Si, f rkH mS r[kwb f ;l ? OD;av;&Supf eG ;f eJU csLusL;wdkU jyefa&mufvmNyD;&if uRefrwdkU av;a,muf rsufESmpHknD ajz&Sif;Mur,f? 'DtcgusrS &SifoabmaygufrSm}} ]]rif;[m pum;udk a0hvnfaMumifywf ajymwwfwJh ae&mrSmawmh yxrwef;pm;xJuyJ? rif;ighudkyJ nmvdkU&rSm? ightazBuD;udkawmh rif;nmvdkU&rSm r[kwfbl;? od&JUvm;}} ausmufrdefonf wcpfcpf&,f&if; ... ]]&Sifuaum bmjzpfvdkU uRefr nmwmcHae&wmvJ? &Sif .... uRefrudk cspfaevdkU r[kwfvm;}} ]][kwfw,f ... [kwfw,f? 'gbmjzpfovJ}} ]]bmrS rjzpfbl;? uRefruawmh 0rf;omw,f}} [lusif;onf tm;&yg;&NyHK;aeaom ausmufrdef\rsufESmuav;udk rMunfh&Jawmhojzifh rsufESmvJT aevdkuf&onf/ ausmufrdefuvnf; rnfonfh pum;rQ rajymawmh/ xdkpOf [lusif;onf olawmif;pm;*dkPf;u zrf;qD;xm;aom tvif;rmef*dkPf;om; a0vif;udk owd&rdvdkufonf/ onfvludk olawmif;pm;*dkPf;u tjcm; wpfae&modkU ac:aqmifoGm;vQif u,fwif&cufaeay awmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh [lusif;onf xdkifae&mrS ½kwfjcnf; xvdkufrd\/ ausmufrdefu ... ]]b,foGm;rvdkUvJ}} ]]a0vif;udk oGm;u,frvdkU}} ]]uRefrvJ vdkufr,f}} ]][ifhtif; ... rvdkufcJheJU}} ]]vdkufrSmyJ ? bmjzpfvdkU rvdkuf&rSmvJ}} ]]rif;u tm;vDudk owfwJh w&m;cHyJ? igu &efoleJU twlwl,SOfNyD; roGm;Edkifbl;}} ausmufrdef\ rsufvHk;rsm;wGif tNyHK;&dyfwpfck ay:vmawmhonf/ ]]aumif;NyDav ... &Sifu uRefreJU twlwl roGm;csifbl;qdkvJ uRefr wpfa,mufwnf;yJ 'DrSm aecJh&rSmyJ}} [lusif;onf tcef;tjyifodkU a&mufrS csmceJ jyefvSnfhvmonf / ]]ausmufrdef}} ]]bmvJ ...}} ]]wpfa,mufwnf; 'DrSmaeNyD; bmvkyfrvdkUvJ? ajymprf;}} ]]OD;av; &SufpGef; jyefvmatmif apmifhrSmaygh? &SifoGm;csifoGm;av? ODav;&SufpGef; jyefvmwJh tcgusawmh uRefrajymvdkufyghr,f? &Sifa0vif;udk oGm;u,faew,fvdkU}} ]]ausmufrdef ... rif;[m w,fNyD; ajym&qdk&Muyfyguvm; ightazBuD;u odyfpdwf BuD;wm? olu rif;udk awGUwmeJU owfrSm rif;&JU ajz&Sif;csufawGudk em;axmifaerSm r[kwfbl;}} ausmufrdefu oufjyif;cs&if;ajymvdkufonf/ ]]'gqdkvJ uRefr&JU uHaygh? b,fwwfEdkifrSmvJ}} ]]uJ ... oGm;prf;yg? onfhjyif wpfae&m&m oGm;a&Smifaeprf;yg? igjyefvmwJh tcgusrS tazBuD;eJU awGUMuwmaygh}} ]][ifhtif; ... uRefrbm a&Smifp&m aep&mr&Sdbl;}} ]]uJ... 'gjzifhvJ igeJUvdkufcJh? a0vif;udk oGm;u,fr,f? aemufrS twlwljyefNyD; ajz&Sif;Muwmaygh}} ]]'g ... uRefru vdkufcsifvdkU r[kwfbl;aemf? &Sifvdkufcdkif;vdkU vdkuf&wm}} ]]wdwfprf;yg? rif;udk igtNrJwrf; t½SHK;ay;ygw,f}} 770
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ausmufrdefonf cspfpzG,fNyHK;vdkuf&if; ... ]]&Sif ... cPav;apmifhaemf}} ausmufred o f nf tcef;xJoUkd 0ifomG ;NyD; wHcg;udk jyefyw d v f u kd o f nf/ twefMumaomtcg jyefxu G v f monf/ t0wfopftpm;opfrsm;jzifh awmufawmufajymifajymif 0wfqifxm;onfudk [lusif;awGUvdkuf&onf/ ]][lusif; ... 'DtusÐeJU uRefrvS&JUvm;[if}} [lusif;\ pdwfxJwGif tvGefvSonf[k xifaomfvnf; rnfodkUrQ rajymawmhbJ rsufESmudk tjcm;bufodkU vJTvdkufawmhonf/ ]][lusif; ... &SifvJ t0wftpm; aumif;aumif; wpfxnfavmuf vJvdkufygvm;}} [lusif;onf a'gooHjzifh jyefatmfvdkufonf/ ]]igu i,fi,fuav;xJu 'DvdkyJ pkwfpkwfjywfjywf ayayawaw aewwfw,f? ighudk npfywfw,fxif&if igeJU twlwl roGm;eJuaygh? cJGoGm;Muwmaygh}} ]]tdk ... 'DvdktxifrvJGygeJU? uRefrpdwful;u 'Dvdkr[kwfygbl; &Sift0wftpm; aumif;aumif;0wfvdkuf&if b,fvdkom;om;em;em; jzpfvmr,fqdkwm odcsifvdkUyg? uJ... 'DrSm cPav;apmifhaemf ? uRefr &SifhtwGuf t0wftpm; wpfpHkajy;0,fvdkufr,f? [dk... ol awmif;pm;awGu awmifydkif;udk qif;oGm;rSef; odaeMuwmyJ Opöm? uRefrwdkU jrefjrefvdkuf &if rDygw,f}} olronf [lusif;udk rapmifhbJ ajy;xGufoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf ckwifapmif;wGif 0ifxdkif&if; rdrdudk,frdrd tjypfwifaerdawmhonf/ rdrdonf tb,faMumifh þrQ pdwf "mwfaysmhnHh&oenf;/ þrdef;uav;\ rm,maxmifacsmuf twGif; tb,faMumifh trdcH ae&oenf;/ þrdef;uav;onf rdrd\wpf0rf;uJG nDrav;tm;vDudk owfaomoljzpfonf/ rdrd\ &efoludk rdrdu tb,faMumifh NyHK;&,fpum;ajymae&oenf;/ olonf ESKwfzsm;ü wwGwfwGwfa&½Gwfaeonf/ ]][lusif;... [lusif; ... rif;[m wu,fawmh a,musfm;ryDowJh aumifyJ}} ausmufrdefonf twefMumonftxd jyefra&mufvmojzifh [lusif;onf ½kwfceJ rwfwyf&yfvdkufonf/ ]]igu bmjzpfvdkU olUudk apmifhae&wmvJ? igwpfa,mufxJ a0vif;udk oGm;u,f &ifNyD;wmyJ}} [lusi;f onf xGuo f mG ;awmhrnf[k qH;k jzwfvu kd af omfvnf; wu,fwef;tm;jzifh rxGu&f jJ yef? tb,faMumifh qdkaomf ausmufrdefonf &SufpGef;ESifh awGUygu &SufpGef;\ vuf0g;apmif;jzifh wpfcsufwnf; aooGm;Edkifonfudk pOf ; pm;vd k u f r d í jzpf o nf / xd k o d k U pOf ; pm;rd a omtcg Muuf o D ; wjzef ; jzef ; xrd N yD ; ck w if a pmif ; wG i f jyefxdkifrdjyefawmhonf/ aemufqHk;ausmufrdefonf txkyfESpfxkyfudk ayGUydkufí jyefa&mufvmonf/ [lusif; uajymvdkufonf/ ]]rif;oGm;wmuvJ Mumvdkufwm? tusÐ vJraeawmhbl; olawmif;pm;*dkPf;aemuf csufcsif;vdkufMupdkU}} ]]&SifuvJ odyfavmBuD;wmyJ? 'DavmuftMumBuD; apmifhaeNyD;rS aemufenf;enf; av; MumoGm;awmhvJ bmjzpfovJ uRefr jrif;ESpfaumif0,fvmw,f}} xdkUaMumifh [lusif;onf ausmufrdef xkwfay;onfh t0wftpm;rsm;udk vJvdkuf &awmhonf/ odkUaomf &SufpGef;wdkU ,cktcsdeftxd jyefra&mufvmMujyefaomtcg pdwfyl&jyefonf/ xdktaMumif;ESifh ywfoufí ausmufrdefudk wdkifyifMunfhrdonf/ ausmufrdefonf rsufarSmifukwf pOf;pm;&if; ... ]]tHah wmh tHMh op&myJ? 'De,f wpf0u kd rf mS awmh olawmif;pm;*dP k ;f wpfzUGJ xJ ajc½Iyf aewmyJ? wjcm; b,f*P kd ;f rS 'De,fxJrSm r&Sdbl;? uRefrwdkU q,f[dkvHkwdkUaemufvdkuf&if trSefudk od&rSmyg}} ]][kwfw,f? a0vif;udku,f&if; tazBuD;&JU owif;udkpHkprf; &awmhrSmyJ}} [lusif;onf pm;yJGxdk; vli,fudk vSrf;ac:vdkufonf/ tu,fí &SufpGef;ESifh csLusL;wdkU jyefvmcJhvQif rdrdonf awmifydkif; odkU qif;oGm;aMumif;? olawmif;pm;*dkPf; aemufodkU vdkufoGm;jcif;jzpfaMumif;ESifh &SufpGef;wdkUtaejzifh rdrd\aemufodkU vdkufvm&ef rSmMum;cdkif;vdkufonf/ olwdkUESpfa,mufonf rdk;aomuf tvif;ra&mufrDyif jrif;pD;í ESpf&ufcefU c&D;jyif; ESifMuawmhonf/
771
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
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tcef;(86) pdwf,kwfrm [lusif;wdkUonf tpyxrwGif c&D;wGifvSaomfvnf; wjznf;jznf; ESif;rsm;usvm onfhtcgwGifrl tvGeftoGm;& cufvmawmhonf/ awmifwufvrf;rsm; jzpfojzifh jrif;rsm; onfvnf;ajcukefvufyef; usvmawmhonf/ [lusif;onf jrif;\ ausmay:wGif rwfwyf&yfvsuf ta0;odkUvSrf;arQmfMunfhvdkuf&m vlaetdrfajcqdkí vHk;0rawGU&acs/þodkUjzifh wjznf;jznf; c&D;qufvdkufaomtcg olwdkU\ a&SUrS awmaMumifwpfaumif ajy;xGufoGm;onfudk awGUvdkuf&ojzifh ... ]]ausmufrdef ... 'DawmaMumifudk zrf;NyD; npmpm;Mu&atmif}} [lusif;wdkUonf awmaMumif\ ajc&mudkcHí vdkufMuonf/ awmifukef;wpfck atmuf&Sd *lxJodkU ajy;0ifvmonfukd xyfrH awGU&Sv d u kd Mf u&onf/ [lusif;onf ½kww f &uf cket f yk Nf yD; zrf;vdu k &f m awmaMumifBuD;onf *lxJodkU r0ifEdkifrDyif [lusif;\ vufwGif tzrf;cHvdkuf&awmhonf/ aMumif;BuD;onf [lusif;\ vufukd udu k &f ef acgif;udk jyefvn S v hf u kd o f nf/ odUk aomf aMumifBuD; rudu k Ef ikd rf D [lusif;u twGif;tm;xkwfí ñSpfvdkufojzifh awmaMumifBuD;onf vnfyif;½dk;usdK;í aooGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf awmaMumif taoaumifBuD;udk udkifvsuf *lBuD;tm; avhvm pl;prf; Munfhrdonf/ *lBuD;[k qdk&aomfvnf; us,fus,fjyefUjyefU &SdvSonf r[kwfacs/ vlESpfa,muf 0ifcdkaeEdkif½Hkom &Sdonf/ odkUESifh olonf ausmufrdefxHodkU jyefavQmufoGm;NyD; 772
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]ausmufrdef ... [dkem;rSm *lwpfckawmh awGU&NyD; 'Dwpfnawmh 'D*lrSmyJ em;vdkufMuwmaygh}} ausmufrdefonf acgif;ndwfjyNyD;rS ½kwfw&uf rsufESmeDoGm;awmhonf/ olronf csufcsif;yif rsufESmudk wpfbufodkU vSnfhvdkufNyD; jrif;rsm;udk *l&Sd&modkU qJGxGufoGm;awmh onf/ wu,fawmh *lxJwGif [lusif;ESifhtwl ESpfa,mufwnf; ae&rnfudk ausmufrdef &Sufaejcif;jzpfawmhonf/ [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\vufrS jrif;ESpfaumifudk awmifukef; taemufbufodkU qJG,loGm;NyD; opfyifBuD; ESpfyifatmuf csnfxm;vdkufonf/ NyD;aemufopfudkif;rsm;udk &SmazGí *lxJürD;arT;vdkufonf/ olwdkU rD;yHk\ ywf0ef;usifwiG rf l oefUoefU&Si;f &Si;f jzpfaeonf udk awGU&aomfvnf; twGi;f bufoUkd vSr;f Munfv h u kd af omtcgwGirf l rnf;arSmifaeonfudk awGUvdkuf&ojzifh tawmftwef &Snfvsm;aom*lwpf*l jzpf&rnf[k [lusif;aumufcsuf csvdkufonf/ olwdkUarT;vdkufonfh rD;yHkonf w[kef;[kef; awmufavmifaeojzifh aEG;aEG; axG;axG; &Sdvmawmhonf/ [lusif;onf tcsdefjAKef;raeawmhbJ awmaMumifBuD;\ ta&cGHudk cGmum rD;uifvdkufawmhonf/ NyD;aemuf wpfa,mufwpfjcrf; pm;aomufvdkufMuonf/ pm;aomufNyD;pD;aomtcg [lusif;onf rD;yHktwGif; xif;rsm;xyfrH xnfhvdkufonf/ rD;&Sdef aoroGm;ap&ef jzpfonf/ eH&HwGif rSDtdyfvdkuf&if; ... ]]ausmufrdef ... tdyfMupdkU}} ausmufrdefu NyHK;jyvsuf tjcm; eH&HwpfbufwGif acgif;rDStdyfNyD; rsufpdudk tom rSdwfvdkufonf/ [lusif;rSm olr\cE¨mudk,frS oif;ysHUaomarT;&eHUudk ½SL½SdKufaerdojzifh wpfudk,fvHk;&Sd aoG;rsm; qlyGufvmawmhonf/ ausmufred \ f yg;uav;ESpb f ufonfvnf; rD;a&mifaMumifh &J&eJ aD eonfukd awGU&aom tcg [lusif;pdwrf sm;vSKyf&mS ; azmufjyefcsif vmawmhonf/ olrudk ayGUzuf rerf;vdkufrdap&ef olUudk,fol BudK;pm;í xdef;odrf;ae& awmhonf/ þodkUjzifh tdyfaysmf&ef BudK;pm;ae&avonf/ noef;acgif,HodkU a&mufaomtcg ta0;rS jrif;cGmoH oJhoJhudk Mum;vdkuf&ojzifh tdyf&mrS vefUEdk;vmawmhonf/ [lusif;onf tm½Hkpl;pdkufvsuf taotcsm em;axmifMunhfaomtcgwGif tm;vHk; jrif;av;aumifrSef; odvdkuf&onf/ jrif;rsm;onf awmifydkif;rS ajrmufydkif;odkU vmaerSef; udkvnf; cefUrSef;od&Sdvdkuf&onf/ [lusif;onf *ltjyifbufodkU Munfhvdkufaomtcg ESif;rsm;wzJGUzGJU usqif;vsuf&Sd aeao;aMumif; awGUvdkuf&ojzifh pdwfxJwGif awG;vdkufrdonf/ ]]ESif;awGuvJ 'Davmufusae tcsdefuvJ nBuD;oef;acgif;'Dvdk tajctaersdK;rSm awmfawmfwefwef udpöeJUawmh c&D;oGm;MurSmr[kwfbl;? tifrwef ta&;BuD;wJh udpö&SdvdkU jzpfrSmyJ}} jrif;cGmoHrsm;onf olwdkU *l&Sd&mbufodkU wjznf;jznf;eD;uyfvmNyD; ½kwfw&uf &yfvdkufoHudk od&SdvdkufMuonf/ ausmufrdefvnf; tdyf,mrS Edk;vmawmhonf/ olru wdk;ñSif;aom avoHuav; jzifh ... ]][lusif; ... ckvmwJh vlawG[m &efolvm;? rdwfaqGvm; rodEdkifbl;? b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf cPa&Smif aevdkuf&ifawmh aumif;r,fxifw,f? olwdkU&JU tajctaeudkvJ od&wmaygh}} ]]apmapmuwnf;u ig Ekd;aewm? olwdkUjrif;cGmoHawG Mum;vdkuf&uwnf;u awmifydkif;vmrSef; odw,f}} ]]tJ'gudku xl;qef;aewmyJ}} ausmufrdefonf ajymajymqdkqdkjzifh ESif;cJrsm;udk BuHK;,lvdkufNyD; rD;yHkay: jyefvTrf; zHk;tkyfvdkufonf/ olwdkU &SdaeaMumif; vlpdrf;rsm; rodap&ef BudKwifumuG,fxm;jcif; jzpfonf/ xdkpOfvlav;a,muf olwdkUbufodkU avQmufvmoH Mum;vdkuf&onf/ ajcoHt& olwdkU\ ajcvSrf;rsm; tvGefjrefqefvSaMumif;cefUrSef; od&Sdvdkufonf/ [lusif;u avoH wdk;wdk;jzifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]'Dvlav;a,muf&JU udk,f[ef vSKyf&Sm;rSKu odyfNyD; jrefqefayghyg;aew,f? omref t&yfom;awGr[kwfbl;? xdyfoD;odkif;orm;awGyJ}} [l u sif ; wd k U taejzif h tjyif x G u f yk e f ; atmif ; csd e f r&S d a wmh o jzif h ausmuf r d e f \ vuf u d k q J G u m *l\twGif;bufodkU 0ifvdkuf&onf/ *lonf twGif;bufodkU wjznf;jznf; usOf;ajrmif;oGm;aMumif; awGUMu&onf/ *l\ wpfae&mwGif tauGUwpfckjzpfaeojzifh tjyifbufrS vlonf *lxJu vludk rnfodkUrQ awGUEdkifvdrfhrnf r[kwfacs/ 773
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkpOf tjyifrS vlwpfa,muf\ toHudkMum;vdkuf&avonf/ ]]'DrSm *lwpf*l&Sdaew,fa[h}} [lusif; tvGeftHhMooGm;awmhonf/ xdktoH&Sifonfum; [lwef;*dkPf;\ eHygwfav;jzpfol OD;BuD; usef;qHk;usD;\toHyifwnf;? aemufxyf pum;oHwpfck xGufay:vm jyefonf/ ]]nDav; ... armfukqef;&JU trSwftom;awGu 'Dtxd vrf;jyaewmyJ? ol'D*lxJ vmzl;w,f xifw,f}} xdktoH&Sifonf [lwef;*dkPf;\ eHygwfajcmufjzpfonf/ OD;av; csifvd&SefrSef; [lusif;odvdkufonf/ [lusif;onf yg;pyfukd [í atmf[pfEKS wfquf&ef [efjyifvu kd pf Of ausmufred u f ol\ yg;pyfukd ½kww f &uf vSrf;ydwfvdkufonf / avoHwdk;wdk;uav;jzifh ajymvdkufao; onf/ ]]&Sif ... b,fvdk vkyfvdkufwmvJ? 'D*lxJrSm &SifeJUuRefr ESpfa,mufxJ awGUoGm;&if b,favmuf rsufESmylp&maumif;vdkufvJ }} [lusif;pOf;pm;vdkufaomtcg ausmufrdef\pum;rsm; rSefuefaMumif; odvdkuf onf/ olESifh ausmufrdefwdkU ESpaf ,mufonf rnfoUkd rQ usL;usL;vGev f eG jf zpfMuonf r[kwaf omfvnf; ,ckuo hJ Ukd tumvntcg vlou l if;a0;&m *lBuD;wpfcktwGif; twl awGU&Sdvdkuf&ygu rnfolrqdk txifrSm;Edkifp&m tajctaeyifjzpfawmhonf/ [lusif;\ OD;BuD;ESifhOD;av;wdkUonf olwdkUESpfa,mufudkom awGUvkdufygu rkcstxifrSm;ayawmhrnf/ [lusi;f tzdUk ydq k ;kd onfh tcsufrmS ausmufred o f nf omreft&yfow l pfa,muf r[kw/f *dP k ;f BuD;ajcmuf*P kd ;f rS odkif;orm;rsm;tygt0if OD;BuD;OD;av;wdkUudkyg zrf;qD; xdef;odrf;cJhbl;onfh &efoltrsdK;orD;wpfa,muf jzpfaeay ao;onf/ xdkpOf &Dvifwef;u ]][if 'DrSmrD;yHkwpfyHkygvm;? 'DrD;yHk[m rMumao;bl; vwfvwfqwfqwfBuD; &Sdae ao;w,f ? [m ... 'DrSm awmaMumifta&cGHwpfckvJ &Sdaeyguvm;}} aemufwpfa,muf toHay:vmjyefonf/ ]]'gawGu ta&;rBuD;ygbl; nDav;wdkU&m nDav; armfukqef;udk awGUzdkUu ta&; BuD;wmyg? igolUtwGufyJ pdk;&drfaerdw,f}} xdktoHrSm OD;BuD; csdK&Tifacsmif;\ toHjzpfonf/ [lusif; em;vnfvdkufNyD? OD;av; armfukqef;onf wpfpHkwpfckaom tcuftcJ odkUr[kwf wpfa,muf a,mufaom &efoEl iS hf BuHKawGUaeyH&k onf/ OD;av;armfuq k ef; twGuf OD;BuD;? OD;av; wdUk &SmyHak wmfxu G v f mMujcif;om jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ csdK&Tifacsmif;\ pdk;&drfwBuD; ajymvdkufonfh pum;udk OD;BuD;usef;qHkusDu &,farmí ESpfodrfhvdkufonf/ ]]tpfudkBuD;uvJ nDav;armfukqef;udk uav;av;rsm; rSwfaeovm;? ol&JUodkif;ynm b,favmuf tqifhtwef; jrifhw,fqdkwm tpfudkBuD;a&m nDav;wdkUyg odMuwmyJ Opöm? awmf½Hkwef½Hk&efoludkawmh nDav; armfukqef;u vHk;0 *½kpdkufrSmr[kwfbl;}} xdkpOf trsm;oltm;vHk;xuf [lusif;tay: ydkrdk oHa,mZOf &Sdaom csifvd&Sefu ajymvdkufonf/ ]]iguawmh nDav; armfukqef;twGuf vHk;0pdwfrylbl;? nDav; armfukqef;u &efol odyf&Sdwm r[kwfbl;? igpdwfylwmu [lusif;udkyJ? olu tvif;rmef*dkPf;&JU acgif;aqmifjzpfaeawmh olUrSm tEÅ&m,fydkrsm;w,f? aemufNyD; ... olrsm;&JU y&d,m,f rm,mawG udkvJ bmrSem;vnfwm r[kwfbl;? 'Dawmh rormolawG&JU vSnfhuGufxJ a&mufoGm;rSm pdk;&drf&w,f}} [lusif;onf olUOD;BuD; OD;av;rsm;\ pdwfxm;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg &ifwGif;ü azmfrjyEdkifaom Munf E l ; 0rf ; ajrmuf j cif ; yD w d u d k cH p m;vd k u f & onf / ol U OD ; BuD ; OD ; av;rsm;onf ol U tay: wu,f y if aumif;&SmMuygao;onf/ xdkpOf ... ausmufrdefu [lusif;\ em;em;odkU uyfíwdk;wdk;av; ajymvdkufonf/ ]]tckqdk&if ... &SifuRefr&JU vSnfhuGufxJ 0ifaeNyD aumif;aumif;owdxm;ayawmh}} xdkpOf csdK&Tifacsmif;\ toHudk xyfrHMum;vdkuf&jyefonf/
774
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]nDav; ... armfukqef;u ajrmufydkif;udk vmNyD;[lusif;udk &Smw,f? olvrf;pawmh &oGm;yHkyJ? 'gayr,fh xifusif;NrdKUu wnf;cdkcef;rSm uref;uwef; a&;xm;cJhwJh pmuawmh tifrwef em;vnf&cufaew,f? bmwJh ... ]*dkPf;om; azmufjyefw,f? &Sif;&r,f} wJh? 'gu bmoabmvJ}} usef;qHkusD;u ... ]]igwdkU [lwef;*dkPf;xJrSm b,folrsm; azmufjyefaeovJ rodbl;? [lusif;rsm; ...}} olonf ol\pum;udk qHk;atmif rajymEdkifawmhbJ wpfydkif;wpfvufpjzifh &yfqdkif; vdkufonf/ ol\ avoHü pdk;&drf yllyef rSKrsm; zHk;vTrf;vsuf &Sdaeonf/ csifvd&Sefu a'gESifharmESifh 0ifajymawmhonf/ ]][lusif;vm; ... 'Daumifav;[m udk,fhrsufESmudk,f tdk;rnf;okwfwJh tvkyfrsdK; b,fawmhrS rvkyfbl;? udk,fh*dkPf; odu©musatmif vkyfr,fhtpm; olUtoufom taocH rSm iguawmh 'DvdkyJ ,Hkxm;w,f}} usef;qHkusD;u ... ]]igajymwmu wpfrsdK;yg? ausmufrdefqdkwJh [dk rGef*dkrav;[m tifrwef uvdrfuuspf vkyfwwfwJh rde;f uav;? aemufNyD; ½kyu f av;uaum? rif;wdUk jrifwhJ twdik ;f yJ? [lusi;f uvJ vli,fv&l , G q f akd wmh aoG;om;ql
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf ausmufrD;wkdifajcmufwdkifrS odkif;uGufudk xkwfoHk;vdkufawmhonf/ w'*FtwGif;rSmyif olonf csdK&Tifacsmif;udk vufoD;jzifhxdk;\/ &Dvifwef;udk ajcaxmuf jzifh uefonf/ usef;qHkusD;udk OD;acgif;jzifh wdkufNyD; csifvd&Sef\"m;udk vk,lvdkufawmhonf/ xdkodkif;uGufonf jrifzl;awGUzl;aeus ajrjyefU odkif;ynmr[kwfojzifh csdK&Tifacsmif; wdkUtm;vHk;rSm rnfonfhtuGufjzifh jyefvnf ckcH&rnfudkyif rpOf;pm;Edkifatmif jzpfoGm;Mu onf/ pdk;&drfpdk;&drfrdawmhonf/ xdkpOf ausmufrdefu [efyefrifarmif; tjynfhjzifh atmf[pfvdkufonf/ jzwfxdk;OmPf aumif;vSaom ausmufrdefygay/ ]]'DvlawG[m igwdkU rGef*dkawGU&JU odkif;ynmudk txifao;aew,f? ppfolBuD; tm;vHk;udk rSwfavmuf om;avmufatmifqHk;rvdkufprf;}} xdpk Of [lusif;onf wdu k cf u kd af e&if;rS ½kww f &uf xdik cf svdu k o f nf/ [lwef; av; azmfonfvnf; [lusif;\ tjyKtrlaMumifh aMumiftrf;trf; jzpfoGm;MuNyD; olwdkU\ "m;rsm;udk ½kwfw&uf jyef½kyfodrf;vdkufum tajctaeudk apmifMh unhv f u kd Mf uonf/ apmifMh unfo h nfqo kd nfh tcsed rf mS rsupf d wpfrw dS rf Qavmufaom tcsed u f kd qdv k jkd cif;jzpfonf/ olwUkd OD;av;onf csufcsif; wpfNydKifeufwnf; wdu k cf u kd v f u kd Mf ujcif; jzpfayonf/ csdK&Tiaf csmif;? &Dvifwef;ESihf usef;qHkusD;wdkUu a&SUbufrS "m;zsm;jzifh xdk;pdkufvdkufonf/ csifvd&SefrSmrl ol\ "m;udk [lusif;u vk,lvTifhypf xm;ojzifh olU"m; r&Sad wmhacs/ odUk aomf armfuq k ef;\ "m;udk odr;f qnf;xm;oljzpfojzifh xd"k m;jzifh [lusif;\aemuf ausmudk wdkufcdkufvdkufawmhonf/ xdpk Of [lusif;onf ajcaxmufukd wpfcsufví GJ cwfvu dk af omtcg ajrjyifþ azG;azG;vSKyfrQ usqif;aeonfh ES i f ; yG i f h E S i f ; cJ rsm;onf [l w ef ; av;azmf \ rsuf E S m rsm;ay:od k U usa&muf u k e f a wmh o nf / xd k U aMumif h av;a,mufpvHk;aemufodkU jyefqkwfvdkufMu& onf/ odkUaomf [lusif;u olwdkUxuf ydkjrefojzifh &Dvifwef;\ ajcaxmufudk zrf;udkif qJGvSdrfhvdkufNyD; taMumoHk;ckudk xdk;ydwfvdkufonf/ wpfqufwnf;yif ajrjyifrSaeí uRrf; xdk;xvdkufNyD; avxJ 0JysHum csifvd&Sef\ OD;acgif;udk 'l;ESifh wdkufvdkuf&m csifvd&Sef 0kef;ceJ arhvJusoGm;awmh\/ csdK&Tifacsmif;onf csifvd&Sefudk u,fwif&ef ajy;vmonf/ [lusif;u ausmay;NyD; ½kwfw&uf xdkifcsvdkufojzifh csdK&Tifacsmif;\ &ifcGifxJodkU wdk;0ifovdk jzpfoGm;onf/ csdK&Tifacsmif;onf rnfodkUrQ ra&Smifwdrf;Edkifawmh / vuf0g;apmif;jzifh [lusif;\ ausmjyifudk ½dkufcsvdkuf&ef &G,fvdkufonf/ xdkpOf [lusif;\wHawmifqpfonf csdK&Tifacsmif;\ &if0&Sd taMumudk xdk;ydwfvdkufonf/ csdK&Tifacsmif;onfvnf; aysmhacGusoGm; awmhonf/ usef;qHkusD;onf olwdkU av;a,mufteuf olwpfa,mufwnf;usef&Sdaeonfudk awGUvdkuf&aomtcg olvnf; {uef½SHK;edrfhawmhrnfudk odvdkufrdonf/ odkUaomf olonf vHk;0 pdk;&GHU ysm,mcwfjcif; r&SdbJ [lusif;udk wnfNidrfpGmjzifhyif wdkufcdkufvdkufonf/ usef;qHk;usD;\ wnfNidrfaom pdwfxm;ESifh yd&daooyfvSaom "m;odkif;uGufrsm;udk awGUvdkuf&aomtcg [lusif;\ pdwfxJwGif csD;usL;rdvdkufonf/ ]]igwdkU [lwef;*dkPf;&JU "m;odkif;u wu,fh"m;odkif;ynmudk; igom 'Dvkd xl;xl;qef;qef; ynmawG wwfrxm;&if ighOD;BuD; OD;av;awGudkb,fvkdrS ,SOfNydKifEdkifrSm r[kwfbl;}} xdkpOf usef;qHk;usD;u ol\ &ifbwfudk "m;ESifh xdk;vdkufonf/ [lusif;onf acgif;iHkUí "m;OD;udk ol\OD;acgif;ESifh xdk;cHvdkufonf/ odkUaomf wpfNydKifeufwnf;yif udk,fudk vJScsvdkufojzifh usef;qHkusD;\ "m;csuf vJGoGm;&onf/ [lusif;url usef;qHkusD;\ csufatmuf&SdtaMumESifh ajcovHk;aMumudk xdk;ydwfvdkufonf/ xdkpOf usef;qHkusD;onf ½kwfw&uf pl;pl;0g;0g; atmf[pfvdkufNyD; wpfudk,fvHk; wGefUvdrfvsuf rsufjzLvefum toufxGufoGm;awmhonf/ xdktjzpfaMumifh [lusif;onf tBuD;tus,f xdwfvefUoGm;awmhonf/ ol xd;k ydwv f u kd o f nfh taMumrsm; tm;vH;k onf rnfoUkd rQ touftEÅ&m,f r&SEd ikd af om taMumrsm; jzpfonf/ ,ck tb,faMumifh þodUk jzpfomG ;&oenf;/ [lusi;f onf aZmacR;rsm; jyefvmNyD; use;f qHu k s;D \ xGuo f uf0ifoufukd prf;oyfvdkufonf/ 780
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ½kwfw&uf usef;qHk;usD;onf [lusif;\ OD;acgif;ü zHk;tkyfxm;aom y0gudk qJGcRwf vdkufavawmhonf/ usef;qHkusD;ESifh [lusif;wdkU ESpfa,mufpvHk; ausmuf½kyfBuD; rsm;ES,f jzpfoGm;Muawmhonf/ twefMumaomtcgrS ... ]]aumif;w,f [lusif; ? rif;udk; ? odyfawmfw,f? igwdkUtay: rif;'Dvdk qufqHcJh wmawGuawmh wdkU q,foufrarhawmhygbl;}} usef;qHkusD;onf ajym&if;? ajym&if;rS toHwdrf0ifoGm;awmhonf / ol\ rsufESmwGif a'goESifh aMuuJGrSKrsm; a&maxG;aeawmhonf/ rsuf&nfaygufBuD;rsm;vnf; wpfaygufcsif; usvmawmhonf/ trSefpifppf usef;qHk;usD;onf olUudk,fol aovltjzpf oabmxm;vdkufNyD; jzpfonf/ tu,fí rdrdaooGm;cJhvQif rdrdtm; owfoGm;olonf rnfolrSef; odvdkufMuawmhrnf r[kwfacs/ xdkUaMumifh ,ckuJhodkU y&d,m,fqifNyD; [lusif;\y0gudk cRwfcs vdkufjcif; jzpfawmhonf/ [lusif;onf ol rarQmfvifhonfh tajctaeudk a&mufvmaomtcg ai;aMumifaeNyD; rnfonfh pum;udkrQ yDyDoo rajymEdkifbJ jzpfaeonf/ ]]OD;BuD; ... uRef ... uRefawmf r[kwfbl;? uRef ... uRefawmf OD;av; armukqef;udk rowfbl;}} usef;qHkusD;onf w[m;[m; &,fvdkuf&if; ... ]]aumif;w,f ? odyaf umif;w,f ? rxl;l ygbl;uGm? tck igwdUk av;a,mufuykd g owfvu kd yf gawmh? tpfuBkd uD; ... tpfudkav; ... nDav; ... tm;vHk; MunfhvdkufMuprf;? armfukqef;udk owfwJh vl[m wjcm;vl [kwf½dk;vm;? igwkdU &ifxJ tonf;xJrSm om; wpfa,mufvdk cspfcJh&wJh [lusif;wJha[h? [m; ... [m; ... [m;}} usef;qHk;usD;onf ½l;oGyfoGm;onfhES,f tawmrowfEdkifatmif &,faeawmhonf/ odkUaomf olU&,foHonf wjznf;jznf; idkoHygvmawmhonf/ csdK&Tifacsmif;wdkU oHk;a,mufrSmrl tHhMoaMuuJGvGef;vSojzifh vHk;0 pum; rajymEdkifawmhbJ ai;aMumif MunfhaerdMuawmhonf/ [lusif;onf rnfodkUrQ rajz&Sif;awmh? ol\ OD;aESmufrsm; ½SKyfaxG;vGef;vSojzifh olUudk,fol owfao&ef atmf[pfvdkufonf/ ]][lusif; &Sifa,musfm;r[kwfbl;vm;? olrsm;awG tjzpfrSefrodbJ txifvJGae Muwmuav;udk cHEdkif&nf r&Sdbl;vm;? b,fawmhjzpfjzpf trSefw&m;udk zHk;uG,fxm;vdkU r&ygbl;? wpfaeUawmh tjzpfrSef ay:vmrSmyJ? &SifhOD;av;udk owfwJh w&m;cHtppfudk &Sm aygh? bmjzpfvdkU udk,fhudk,fudk owfao&rSmvJ}} [lusif;onf qwfceJ wkefvSKyfoGm;NyD; owdjyef0ifvmonf/ [kwfayom;yJ ? ig a,musfm;yJ/ [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\ pum;rsm; rSefuefvSaMumif;udk odem;vnfrd ojzifh ausmufrdefxHrS tBuHOmPfrsm; xyfawmif; vdkufonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ... igwdkU tckavmavmq,f bmvkyfMu&if aumif;rvJ[if }} [lusif;onf ajym&if; ausmufrdefem;odkU avQmufoGm;vsuf olr\ ydwfaeaom taMumrsm;udk zGifhay;vdkufonf/ ausmufrdefonf [lusif;tm;ESpfodrfhvdkufavonf/ ]]&Sif bmrSpdwfrnpfeJUaemf? &Sifh tvif;rmef*dkPf;rSm vlawmfawG trsm;BuD; &Sdovdk uRefrrSmvJ vlawmfawG trsm;BuD; &SdaewmyJ? 'Dvl awGeJU 'Dvlowfw&m;cHudk awGUatmif &SmEdkifygw,f}} xdkpOf usef;qHk;usD;u atmfajymvdkufonf/ ]][lusif; ... rif;rSm vlpdwfenf;enf;avmuf &Sdao;w,f qdk&if igwdkUudk tckcsufcsif; vmowfprf;yg? rif;udk igwdkU&JU &efolrGef*dkreJU yl;yl;uyfuyf pum;ajymaewm rjrifcsifbl;}} ]]uRefrwdkU yxrqHk;vkyf&r,fh tvkyfu a0vif;udk oGm;u,fzdkUyJ ? aemufrS &SifhtazBuD;udk oGm;&Sm&r,f? 'Dvdk&Smaewkef;rSm &SifhOD;av; armfukqef;udk owfwJh w&m;cHudkyg wpfcgwnf; pHkprf;aygh? aemufNyD; &SifhnDrav; tm;vDudk owfwJh w&m;cHudk vJ&Sm&r,f}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\pum;aMumifh tvGeftHhMooGm;NyD; tvsiftjref ar;vdkufonf/ ]]ausmufrdef rif; ... rif; bmajymvdkufw,f}} ausmufrdefonf wnfNidrfat;aq;pGmjzifh ajymvdkufavonf/ 781
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]uRefru &Sifhudk ar;prf;yg&apOD; ? &SifhOD;av; armfukqef; udk&Sifowfovm;? bmjzpfvdkU &SifhOD;BuD; OD;av;awGu &SifrS &SifygyJvdkU pGyfpJGae&wmvJ? tm;vDudkaum uRefr owfovm;? &Sifuaum bmjzpfvdkU uRefrowfw,fvdkU xifae&wmvJ? uRefr tjzpfu &SifhtjzpfeJU twlwlaygh? udk,fcsif;pmMunfhygOD;}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\ pum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&aom tcg wpfukd,fvHk; wkefwkef,if,if jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh pdwfxJü oHo, jzpfoGm;onf/ ]]ausmufrdefvJ ighvdk txifvJGcH&wmrsm;vm;}} ]]uRefrar;r,f &SifhOD;av;awGudk ydwfxm;wJh taMumawG[m b,ftcsdefusrS jyefyGifhEdkifrSmvJ}} ]]aemuf q,fem&DavmufMumrS yGifhEdkifr,f}} ]]'gjzifh&if uRefrwdkU &SifhOD;BuD;? OD;av; av;a,mufudk *lxJjyefxnfhxm;vdkufr,f? vlowfw&m;cH rawGUrcsif;rSmawmh &SifolwdkUeJU b,fvdkrS rsufESmcsif;qdkifvdkU rjzpfawmhbl;}} [lusif;taejzifh xlylaeNyDjzpf&m pOf;vnf;rpOf;pm;wwfawmh/ rnfodkU vkyfudkif& rnf udkvnf; rodawmh/ xdkUaMumifh ausmufrdefajymonfhtwdkif; vkdufvkyf&awmhavonf/ xdkpOfjyif;xefvSaom jrif;cGmoHrsm;udk cyfa0;a0;rS Mum;vdkuf&awmhonf/ ajrmufbufrS awmifbufodkU vmaeaom jrif;cGmoHrsm; jzpfonf/ jrif; ta&twGufu oHk;aumif/
782
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tcef; (87) jcaoFhrif; b,fqDb,f0,f jrif;cGmoHrsm; Mum;vkduf&onfESifh ausmufrdefonf usef;[lusiff;tm; tcsufjy vufjyvkdufonf/ teD;&Sd ausmufwHk;rsm;\ aemufuG,fü 0ifa&mufykef;atmif aevkduf onf/ usef;[lusif;onf a&SUOD;pGm ol\ OD;MuD;? OD;av;rsm;udk ausmufw;kH MuD;rsm; aemufu, G o f Ykd ydYk xm;vku d o f nf/ olwYkd yke;f uG,f vdu k Mf uonfrmS tcsderf ½DS u kH av;rQom jzpfonf/ tenf;i,f aemufusoGm;ygu xkd jrif;orm;rsm;u olwdkYtm; tvsifOD;pGm awGUjrifoGm;Mu ayvdrfhrnf/ ykef;uG,fNyD;MuonfESifh upkefpdkif;vmaom jrif;rsm;udk awGUvkduf Mu&onf/ olwkdY taotcsm pl;pdkufMunhfvkdufaom tcg a&SUqHk;rS ajy;aeaom jrif;wpfaumifudk aemufrS jrif;ESpfaumifu trDvkduf aeaMumif; awGUMu&onf/ usef;[lusif;onf tm;vHk;xuf rsufpd&Sifol jzpfojzifh vTwfceJ ajymvkdufrdonf/ ]][if ...qkdYcsif;pl;ygvm;}} ausmufrdefu ta&;wMuD; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]oludk jrefjref wm;vkdufprf;yg}} ]]bmjzpfvkdY wm;&rSmvJ}} ]][lusif; ...&Sifu bmjzpfaewmvJ? olwkdY bk&m;ausmif;xJrSm ajymcJhMuwJh pum; awGudk arhoGm;NyDvm;}} 783
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usef;[lusif;onf xkdtcgrS oabmaygufoGm;onf/ ausmufcJ wpfvHk;udk aumuf,lvkdufNyD; vufjzifh awmufxkwfvkdufonf/ qdkYcsif;pl; pD;aom jrif;\ a&SUajcaxmufudk xdrSefum jrif;rSm vJusoGm;avawmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf tvGef tuGufjrifol jzpfayonf/ qkdYcsif;pl; jrif;ay:rS usonfESifh wpfjydKifeuf csK½d iT af csmif;\ taMumudk xk;d ydwf vku d af wmhonf/ xkYd aMumifh csK½d iT af csmif;onf olYom;tm; atmf[pfí taMumif;Mum; todray;Ekdifawmhacs/ aemufrS jrif;udk 'kef;pdkif;pD;vsuf tjyif;vkdufvmol ESpfa,mufudk awGUjrifvdkuf&aomtcg usef;[lusif; tvGef tHhtm; oifhoGm;onf/ vkdufvmolrsm;rSm usef;yef e*g;acgif;ESifh csef½dkwkdYwnf;/ xkdYaMumifh usef;[lusif;\ pdwfxJwGif awG;aerdonf/ ]]'DaumifawG csefayawmifudk oGm;NyD; twdwfarhaq; azmfrvkdY ajymxm;MuNyD;rS tckawmh b,fhES,f wpfa,mufuajy;? ESpfa,mufu vkdufaeMu&wmvJ rodbl;}} odkYaomf ...csufcsif;yif tajzudk pOf;pm;rdvkdufjyefonf/ ]][kwfNyD ...[kwfNyD? {uEÅ qkdYcsif;pl; tjrifrSef &oGm;vkdY xGufajy; vmwm jzpf&r,f? tck olwkdY ajy;vmwJh yHkpHtwkdif;qkd&if igawG;wm rSefrSmyJ? qkdYcsif;pl;udk u,f&r,f}} usef;[lusif;onf þodkY awG;aepOfrSmyif usef;yef e*g;acgif; ESifh csef½dk wkdYu qkdYcsif;pl; teD;odkY a&mufaeMuNyDayNyD/ usef;yef e*g;acgif;u a'gowMuD;jzifh ar;vkdufonf/ ]]qdkYcsif;pl; ...rif;u nMuD;rif;MuD; wkdYrodatmif xGufajy;wm bmoabmvJ? wkdYudk opöm azmufwmaygh? wkdY owif;udkoGm;ay;rvdkY aygh? [kwfvm;? rif; tazudk 'Dowif; oGm;ay;r,fqdkNyD; xGufajy;wmaygh [kwfvm;}} "m;w0ifh0ifhjzifh ajymqkdaeaom ol\ [efyefrSm tvGefa'go xGufaeaMumif; odom xif&Sm;vSonf/ qkdYcsif;pl;tm; ,ck csufcsif; rkwfxpfowfjzwfawmhrnfhyHk aygufaeonf/ csKd½Tifacsmif;rSm ol\ om;twGuf pdk;&drfylyefaerdonf/ olu awmif;yef tm;udk;aom tMunhfjzifh usef;[lusif;udk vSrf;Munhfvkdufonf/ usef;[lusif;u pdwfryl&ef vuf[efESifh jyvkdufNyD; acgif;wpfcsuf ndwfjyvkdufonf/ usef;[lusif;\ tcsufjyrIaMumifh csKd½Tifacsmif; tenf;i,f at;csrf;rI &oGm;onf/ xkdtcg qkdYcsif;pl;u jyefvnf atmf[pfvkdufonf/ ]]usKyfu usKyftazqDudk owif;ay;zkdY ckvkd xGufajy;vmwm r[kwfbl;}} usef;yef e*g;acgif;u ceJYNyHK; NyHK;&if; xyfar;vkdufonf/ ]]'Dvdkqkd&if *dkPf;csKyfMuD;u rif;udk igwkdYeJ vkdufNyD; aq;&SmzkdY trdefYay;xm;vsufeJY bmjzpfvkdY nMuD; rif;MuD; xGufajy;wmvJ}} qdkYcsif;pl;u ... ]]cifAsm;wdkY bmrS pmemw&m;r&Sdbl;? cifAsm;wkdYrSm taz tar r&Sd bl;vm;? cifAsm;wkdY&JU taz tarudk jyefvkyfMuHckdif;&if cifAsm;wkdY vkyfrvm;? usKyftazudk jyefvkyfMuHckdif;wmudk usKyf b,fenf;eJYrS vufrcHEkdifbl;}} usef;yef e*g;acgif;u ... ]]'Dvkdqdk&if rif;u *dkPf;csKyfMuD;&JU trdefYudk tmcHw,faygh? wkdY *dkPf;udk opömazmufwmaygh? *dkPf;csKyfMuD;&JU trdefYudk remcH&if b,fvkd tjypfrsKd; cH&r,fqkdwm rif;od&JUvm;}} xkdtcg qkdYcsif;pl;u acsmufuyfaMuuGJpGm ajymvkdufonf/ ]]usKyf[m e*dkuwnf;u rMuHaumif; rpD&uf qkd;qkd;0g;0g; tjypfMuD;wpfckudk usL;vGefxm;cJhwJh vlyJ? usKyf vkyfcJhwJh tjypfu usKyfudk tNrJwrf; owday;aew,f? 'D&ufawGxJrSm usKyf tdyfudk rtdyf&Jbl;? rsufpdrSdwfvkdufwmeJ usKyf&JUOD;av; armfukqef;u tNrJacsmufvSefYae wmyJ? usKyfOD;av;vdyfjymu usKyfem;rSmyJ vmvmuyfaew,f? cifAsm; wkdY usKyfudk owfcsifw,f r[kwfvm;? usKyfraMumufbl;? tckcsufcsif; owfvkdufMu? usKyfu cifAsm;wkdYudk aus;Zl;awmif wifvkdufOD;r,f}} usef;yef e*g;acgif;onf ol\ a'goudk rxdef;Edkifawmh/ ol\ "m;udk ukdifaNr§mufNyD; "m;udk vTJckwf&ef [efjyifvkdufonf/ ]]aumifNyD? 'Davmuf aocsifwJhaumif aoayawmh}} 784
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkYaomf csef½dk ½kwfw&uf 0ifajymvkdufonfh pum;aMumifh "m;onf qdkYcsif;pl; tay: rusawmhbJ avxJwGif &yfwefY oGm;awmh onf/ ]]e*g;acgif;MuD; ...ol usKyfwdkYeJY oabmwlNyD;NyDyJ? bmjzpfvkdY owf aeawmhrSmvJ? olYudk vTwfvkdufyg}} usef;yef e*g;acgif;onf tvGeftHhMovSojzifh csef½kd\ pum;udk yJhwifoHuJhodkY jyef&dwfvkdufrdonf/ ]]olYudk vTwfvkdufyg [kwfvm;}} ]][kwfw,f ...ol[m olY&JUOD;av; armfukqef;udk oludk,fwkdif owfvkdufwmyJ? olY*dkPf;u 'Dtwkdif;aervm;? armfukqef;udk owfwJh w&m;cHudk ajrvSef&SmrSmaygh? 'Dawmh olY*dkPf;u olYudk jyefowfrSmyJ? 'Dvkd opömw&m; r&SdwJh aumif;rsKd;udk usKyfwkdY owfzkdY rvkdygbl;}} usef;[lusif;onf vnf;aumif;? [lwef; av;azmfonf vnf;aumif; xkdpum;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;oGm;Mu awmhonf/ vufpowfawmh armfukqef;udk owfonfh w&m;cHonf qkdYcsif;pl; ayudk;/ xkdtcg qdkYcsif;pl;u a'go oHjzifh jyefatmfvkdufonf/ ]]csef½kd ...cifAsm;u b,fvkdvJ? 'Dowif;udk b,folYudkrS rajymyg bl;qkd? cifAsm; usKyfudk b,fvkd uwd ay;xm;ovJ? cifAsm; rajymvkdYuawmh usKyftaz b,fvkdrS rodEdkifygbl;}} csef½kdu at;pufaumufuspfaom tNyHK;udk NyHK;vdkufonf/ ]]Mo ...rif;u igh&JU uwdudkawmh rarhbl;? rif; ighudk ay;cJhwJh uwdusawmh arhaew,f [kwfvm;? rif;u rif;&JU uwdukd t&ifqHk; zswfwm? 'Dawmh igh&JU tjypf r[kwfawmhbl;}} ]]cifAsm;u usKyfudk usKyf&JU q&mbdk;bdk;eJY tazwkdYudk tqdyfcwf owfcdkif;wmudkawmh usKyf b,fenf;eJYrS vufrcHEkdifbl;? 'Djyif tvkyf qdk&ifawmh usKyf vkyfay;Ekdifw,f}} ]]qdkYcsif;pl; rif;[m wdrfra,mifeJY euf? vG,fra,mifeJ cuf qkdwm vkd w,fajym& tqkd& Muyfygvm;? igwkdYu rif;udk b,frSm tqdyfcwf cdkif;vkdYvJ? tqdyf r[kwfygbl;? arhaq;ygvkdY ajymNyD;NyDyJ}} qdkYcsif;pl;u a'go wMuD;oHjzifh atmfvkdufonf/ ]]r[kwfbl; ...r[kwfbl; ...cifAsm;ajymwmawG wpfckrS r[kwfbl;? cifAsm;wkdY azsmfr,fhaq;u tdyfaq; r[kwfbl;? tckcifAsm;wkdY &Smxm;wJh taumifawG[m wu,fh tqdyf tjyif;qHk; taumifawG? 'DaumifawG uae xkwfr,fhaq;[m b,fawmhrS arhaq;rjzpfEkdifbl;? tqdyfaq;yJ jzpf&r,f}} csef½kdonf ol\ "m;tdrftwGif; jznf;nif;pGm jyefxnfhvkdufonf/ NyD;rS at;aq;aom toHjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]qkdYcsif;pl; rif;[m noef;acgifrSm 0gar*dkPf;u csLusL;&JU tcef; udk oGm;acsmif;MunhfvkdY rif;&JU OD;av;u awGUoGm;w,f? olu rif;udk wpfvrf;vHk; vkdufzrf;w,f? aemufqHk;buf tcef;vJa&mufa&m rif;u olYudk ½kdufowfvkdufw,f? tckqkd&if rif;usL;vGefcJhwJh tjypfudk jyefacs zsufvkdY r&awmhygbl;? 'Dtajctae a&mufrSawmh bmjzpfvkdY aemuf qkwfcsifae&wmvJuGm}} qkdYcsif;pl;onf ol\ acgif;udk vufESpfbufjzifh zspfnp§ fqkyfudkif vsuf ,drf;,drf;,dkif,kdifjzifh xvmNyD; atmf[pfvkdufonf/ ]csef½kd ...vl,kwfrm? [kdaeYnwkef;u usKyf[m usKyfOD;av;&JU vufcsufeJY ao&awmhrSm? cifAsm; bmjzpfvkdY 0iful&wmvJ usKyfu cifAsm;&JU axmifacsmufxJudk 0ifcJhrdwmyJ} csef½kdu w[m;[m; &,farmvsuf ajymvkdufonf/ ]]Mo ...'D v d k q k d & if armf u k q ef ; &J U aemuf a usmrS m ½k d u f x m;wJ h vuf 0 g;apmif ; 'Pf u b,f o l Y vuf0g;apmif;'PfvJ? rif;½kdufwmvm; ig½kdufwmvm;? igu apwemeJY rif;&JU *kPfodu©mudk umuG,fay;cJhwm? rif;ursm; ighudk jyeftjypfwifae&ao;w,f &Sdao;w,f? aumif;NyDav? 'Dvdkqkd&ifvJ igwdkY jyefawmhr,f}} qkdYcsif;pl;u csef½dku vG,fvG,fulul jyefvTwfvkdufonfudk awGU&aomtcg tonf;at;oGm;awmhonf/ aMumufpdwfrsm;vnf; wpfukd,fvHk; zHk;vTrf;vmawmhonf/ ]]csef ...csef½dk cifAsm; usKyfudk b,fvkdenf;eJY xyfESdyfpufOD; rvkdYvJ}} csef½kdu &,farmvsuf ajymvkdufonf/ 785
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]b,fvkdenf;eJYrS rESdyfpufygbl;uGm? rif;u t&rf; aMumufae wmudk;uG? uJ ...rif;udk ypönf;wpfckawmh jy&OD;r,f}} usef ; [l u sif ; onf xk d p um;ud k tvG e f pd w f 0 if p m;oG m ;onf / rnf o nf h ypö n f ; rsm; jyonf u d k Munhfvkdufcsifonf/ odkYaomf csef½dkwkdY jrifoGm;rnfudk pdk;&drf&aomaMumifh Munfhcsifpdwfudk rsKdodyfxm;vkduf &onf/ xdkpOf qkdYcsif;pl;u wtHhwMo a&½Twfvkdufonf/ ]][if ...'g ...'gu csLusL;&JU ypönf;yJ? 'g[m 0gar*dkPf;&JU trSwf tom; vufpGyfyJ? cifAsm; b,fu &vmwmvJ? 'DvufpGyf[m tifrwef ta&;MuD;wJh vufpGyf}} xkdkpum;udk Mum;&aomtcg usef;[lusif; xdwfvefYoGm;awmh onf/ ]]igeJY csLusL; aemufqHk;awGUwkef;u csLusL;&JU vufxJrSm 'D vufpGyf &Sdaeao;wmyJ? 'Dvkd vufpGyfrsKd;ukd vlwum udkifEkdifwm r[kwfbl;? tckawmh b,fvkdvkyfNyD; csef½dk&JUvufxJ a&mufoGm;cJh&wmvJ}} csef½kdu NyHK;&,fí ajymvkdufonf/ ]]usef;yef e*g;acgif; tcsdefawGodyfMumaeNyD? usKyfwdkY oGm;MupdkY? usKyfwkdY *dkPf;xJrSm 'Dvlr&Sdawmhbl;vkdY oabmxm;vkdufMuwmaygh}} olwkdYonf pum;qHk;oGm;onfESifh xGufcGmoGm;Muawmhonf/ odkYaomf qdkYcsif;pl;u tarmwaum vSrf;wm;vkdufonf/ ]]csef½dk ...aeygOD;? cPaeMuygOD;? csLusL; b,frSmvJ? tck ol b,frSmvJ cifAsm; vufxJa&mufaeNyDvm;}} csef½kdonf aemufjyefvSnfhMunhf&if; vSrf;ajymvkdufonf/ csef½kdonf vlwpfa,muf\ aysmhuGufudk odoljzpfNyD; pum;ajym vnf; tifrwef uRrf;usifvSayonf/ ]]rif; bmawG atmfar;aewmvJ? rif;ar;aewmawGudk ajzzdkY tcsdef odyfr&Sdbl;? wpfckawmh igajymEkdifw,f? ig[m tcktxd tdrfaxmifr&Sd ao;bl;? iguom awmif;qkd&if *kdPf;csKyfMuD;[m ighudk csLusL;eJY ay;pm;rSmyJ}} qkdYcsif;pl; r½SLEdkif r½SdKufEdkif jzpfoGm;onf/ ol\ vnfacsmif;0wGif wpfpHkwpfck wpfqkdYaeouJhodkY cHpm;vkduf&onf/ csef½kdu taysmhqGJ qGJonfh pum;rsKd;udk qufajymvkdufavonf/ ]]wu,fawmh igu olrsm;&JU tcspfudk rvkvkdygbll;uGm? rif; 'Davmuftxd 'ku©a&mufcJh&wm[m 'Dred ;f uav; twGuaf Mumifyh J r[kwv f m;? rif; 'Davmuf'u k c© NH yD; cspfcw hJ hJ rde;f uav;udk iguMum; jzwfNyD; ,lvu dk &f if b,fw&m;&m usyghrvJ? 'Dawmh rif;udkyJ igu OD;pm;ay;yghr,f? 'gayr,fh tck rif;u igwkdY*dkPf;udk opömazmufNyD qkdawmh rif;udk bmrS iJhnm§ p&m rvkdawmhbl;ygh}} qkdYcsif;pl;onf eufeJpGm acgif;iHkU pOf;pm;aeawmhonf/ wpfpHk wpfckudk vkyfoifh rvkyfoifh ,wdjywf rpOf;pm;Ekdifojzifh tvGefpdwf ½IwfaxG;ae[efvnf; wlonf/ xkdtcg ausmufwHk;rsm;\ aemufuG,frS csKd½Tifacsmif;rSmrl ... csKd½Tifacsmif;onf usef;[lusif;&Sd&modkY vSrf;Munhfvkdufonf/ ol\ rsufESmwGif rsuf&nfrsm; xdef;rEdkif odrf;r& pD;usaeonfudk awGU&Sd&awmhonf/ olY wpfoufwmü tjyif;xefqHk;aom pdwfxdcdkufrI udk cHpm;ae&ayNyD/ xkdtckduftwefY twGif;rSmyif qkdYcsif;pl;u ... ]]csef½dk ...e*g;acgif;? usKyfrSm;oGm;ygw,f? usKyfu wpfcgwpf&H pdwfrxdef;EkdifwJhtcg trSm;awG usL;vGefwwfygw,f? usKyfudk cGifhvTwf Muyg? usKyf awmif;yefygw,f}} csef½kd ½Tifvef;oGm;onf/ 0efxkyf0efydk;MuD;wpfck olY ycHk;ay:rS usoGm;onfhES,f olY pdwfxJwGif ayghayghyg;yg; jzpfoGm;onf/ xkdYaMumifh w[m;[m; &,fvkduf&if; ... ]]udpö r&Sdygbl;uGm? igwkdYu cGifhvTwfygw,f? a,mufusm;qdkwm 'Dvkd uwdwnfrSayghuG? rif;uom a[m'D arhaq;udk [lwef;awmifudk ,loGm; rif;&JU q&mbkd;bkd;eJY rif;&JU tazwkdY&JU tpm;taomufawGxJrSm cwfxm;vkduf? usefwJhtykdif;udk igwkdY qufvkyfr,f? rif;pdwfat;at; omxm;? rif;&JU q&mbdk;bdk;eJY tazudk igwkdYu bmrS rvkyfygbl;? igwkdYu usef;[lusif;udk tMuyfudkifrvdkY 'Dvdkvkyf&wmyg}} qkdYcsif;pl;onf ol r&Sif;rvif; jzpfaeonfh tcsufudk ar;vkduf onf/ ]]tpfudkMuD; csef½dk? usKyfwpfck ar;yg&ap? csLusL;u b,fhES,f tpfudkMuD;&JU vufxJ a&mufvm&wmvJ? 'Davmuf vG,fvG,fulul uav;eJY a&mufvmwmuawmh taMumif;&Sdvdrfhr,feJY wlw,f}} 786
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csef½kdonf ol\ tMuHtpnfrsm; atmifjrifawmhrnf jzpfojzifh tvGef ½Tifvef;ae&m &,f&,fNyHK;NyHK;jzifhyif vkdvkdcsifcsif ajzMum;vkduf onf/ ]]'guawmh usef;yef e*g;acgif;&JU aus;ZlaMumifhyJuG? igwkdY *dkPf;0ifawG tpnf;ta0; rpcif pm;aomufqkdifrSm pm;aomufaeMu wkef;u vlpdrf;oHk;a,muf ygaewmawGU&w,f? tJ'DtxJu wpfa,muf [m csLusL;jzpfwm odvkduf&w,f? 'gaMumifh igwkdYu olYudk zdwfac: vkdufwmyg? pdwfcsyg? csLusL; tckbmrS rjzpfygbl;? rSJUwpfayguf rpGef; ap&ygbl;qkdwm wm0efcHygw,f}} usef;[lusif; tvGeftHhMo oGm;&onf/ rifarmif; tvGefaumif;vS aom olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm;ygay/ xkdaeYu olwkdY &Sdaeonfudk olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm; vHk;0rod[k rSwfxifcJhMuonf/ odkYaomf olwkdYonf od&Sdaeygvsuf rod [efaqmifum £aNE´rysuf xGufcGm oGm;cJhMujcif; jzpfaMumif; ,ckrS od&awmhonf/ csef½kd\ pum;wGif &SufpGef;taMumif; wpfcGef;wpfyg'rQ ygrvmonfudkvnf; [lusif; owdjyKvkdufrdonf/ xkdYaemuf olwkdY oHk;a,mufpvHk; jrif;pD;í xGufcGmoGm;cJhMuawmh onf/ ÄÄÄ olwkdY oHk;a,mufpvHk; jriffuGif;rS vHk;0 aysmufuG,foGm;onfh txd usef;[lusif; apmifhqdkif;aevkdufonf/ vHk;0aysmufuG,f oGm;vQif oGm;csif; ol\ OD;MuD; OD;av;rsm;\ ydwfaeaom taMumrsm;udk zGifhay; vkdufonf/ usef;[lusif;onf csKd½Tifacsmif;wkdY av;a,mufa&SUwGif jym;jym;0yfarSmufvsuf OD;cs uefawmh&if; ... ]]OD;MuD; ...OD;av;wkdYudk OD;cs uefawmhNyD; awmif;yefygw,f? uRefawmf b,fvkd ajz&Sif;&rSef;rodvdkY vkyfrdvkyf&m 'Dvkd apmfum;cJhrd wmyg? OD;MuD;wkYd uRefawmfhudk cGifhvTwfMuygaemf}} csKd½Tifacsmif;onf oufjyif;&SnfMuD; wpfcsufom csvkdufonf/ rnfonfh pum;udkrQ rajymEkdifawmh/ &Dvifwef;url usef;[lusif;udk ayGUxlvdkufNyD; aMuuGJ0rf;enf;pGm ajymvkdufrdonf/ ]]igwkdYwpfawG rif;udk cGifhvTwfzkdY rvTwfzdkYqkdwJh pum;ajymzdkY rvkd awmhygbl;? 'gayr,fh qkdYcsif;pl;[m [if; ...igwkdYudk,fwkdif em;eJY qwfqwf rMum;vkdYuawmh b,fvkdenf;eJYrS ,HkEkdifMurSm r[kwfbl;}} csKd½Tifacsmif;onf ol\ "m;udk ½Trf;ceJ qGJxkwfvkdufonf/ csef½kd wkdY xGufcGmoGm;&modkY "m;jzifh nTefjyvkdufNyD; ... ]]igwkdY tckcsufcsif; aemufu vkdufMupdkY? 'DaumifawG pdwfat; vufat; oGm;aeMurSm? wkdY vkduf&if aumif;aumif;rdw,f 'DacG;aumif awGudk owfypfr,f}} usef;qHkusD;u azsmif;azsmif;zszs ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tpfudkMuD; pdwfat;at; xm;yg? 'Dudpö[m tifrwef ½IyfaxG;wJh udpöMuD;yg? uRefawmfwkdY a&&Snf pOf;pm;Mu&r,f? acgif;at;at;xm; pOf;pm;Mu&r,f}} xkdpOf csKd½Tifacsmif;onf rsuf&nfrsm; pD;usvmvsuf ½SdKufiif idkaMuG;awmhonf/ usefvlrsm; tm;vHk;onf csKd½Tifacsmif;\ tjzpfudk pmemMuojzifh rom,maom rsufESmjzifhom ai;MunhfaerdMuawmhav onf/ ]]nDav; ...nDav; ...armfukqef; ...rif; rif;udk tpfudkMuD; rsufESm rjy&Jawmhygbl;? tpfudkMuD; om;twGuf tpfudkMuD; t&Suf&aeygNyD}} csKd½Tifacsmif;onf ½SdKufiif ajymqkdae&mrS "m;udk ½kwfw&uf qGJxkwfvkdufum ol\ vnfyif;udk vSD;jzwfvkdufawmhonf/ xkdodkY jzpfEkdifonfudk usef;[lusif; MudKwif awG;qxm;onf jzpf&m ol\ tm;ajymif;tm;vTJ odkif;ynmjzifh csKd½Tifacsmif;\ vufrS "m;udk vk,lvkduf&onf/ usef;[lusif;onf csKd½Tifacsmif;ESifh xyfwl eD;yg;rQ vIyf&Sm;vkdufjcif; jzpfaomfvnf; "m;oGm;onf vnfyif;udk tenf;i,f &SyfxdoGm;ao;onf/ xkdYaMumifh aoG;rsm; pdkYxGufvmav awmhhonf/ &Dvifwef;onf ta&;MuD;qHk;aom olwkdY vkyfaqmifoifhonfh tcsufudk 0ifajymvkdufonf/
787
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]tpfudkMuD; ...qkdYcsif;pl;&JU udpöudk b,ftcsdefrqkd ajz&Sif;vdkY &ygw,f? tcktcsdefrSm ta&;tMuD;qHk;u q&mMuD; rSJUwpfayguf rpGef;& atmif umuG,fapmifha&SmufzkdYyJ? wu,fvkdY uRefawmfwkdYxuf olwdkY vufOD;oGm;&if uRefawmfwkdY tm;vHk; &ifusK;d&awmhrSmyJ}} xkdpum;udk Mum;vkduf&aom tcgusrS csKd½Tifacsmif;onf ol\ owdukd jyefvnf xdef;Ekdifawmhonf/ [lwef; nDtpfudkrsm; tNrJwrf; OD;xdyfxm;vsuf ta&;tMuD;qHk;[k owfrSwfxm;olrSm olwkdY\ q&mMuD; usef;qef;zkef;yif r[kwfygvm;} ]][kwfw,f? [kwfw,f? igu [dkacG;aumifav; twGufeJY pdwf½Iyf aewmeJY 'gawGudk rawG;rdbl;? uJ ...tck igwkdY tjrefqHk; awmifay: jyefMur,f? q&mMuD;udk umuG,fapmifha&SmufMu&r,f? wkdYwawG &Sdae vkdYuawmh b,folYudkrS odyfpdk;&drfp&m rvdkygbl;}} usef;qHkusD;onf usef;[lusif;tm; ajymvkdufonf/ ]][lusif; ...csLusL;udk u,fzdkYudkawmh rif;yJ aqmif½Gufayawmh? udpöNyD;&if awmifay:udk wpfacgufvmNyD; tusKd;taMumif; igwkdYudk vmajymjyOD;}} ]][kwfuJh OD;MuD;}} usef;qHkusD;onf avoHudk ESdrfhvkdufNyD; ... ]][lusif; ...ausmufred f qkw d hJ aumifrav;u tifrwef aumuf uspf OmPfrsm;w,faemf? rif; aumif;aumif; owdxm;? qdYk csif;pl;u tck erlemjyxm;NyD? 'gudk oifcef;pm ,layawmh? rif;vJ olavQmufwhJ vrf;udk ravQmufrad peJY}} usef;[lusif;onf rsufESmwpfjyifvHk; eD&JoGm;&mrS acgif;ndwfjy vkdufrdonf/ þodkYjzifh [lwef; av;azmfwkdYonf armfukqef;\ tavmif;udk o,f,l xGufcGmoGm;Muavawmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf usef;[lusif; tem;odkY avQmufvmNyD; ... ]][lusif; &SifhOD;MuD;u uRefrudk owdxm;vkdY ajymoGm;w,f r[kwfvm;}} [lusif;\ rsufESmonf ½kwfjcnf; eD&JoGm;NyD; ... ]]r[kwfygbl;}} ausmufrdefonf r&,fcsifh &,fcsifjzifh [ifhceJ wpfcsuf &,fvkduf onf/ avSmifNyHK;uav; wpfcsuf NyHK;vkdufNyD; ... ]]uJ ...'DvdkMuD; &yfraeeJY? &Sifh csLusL;udk tjrefqHk; oGm;u,fvdkuf ygOD;? awmfMum qkdYcsif;pl; vufxJ a&mufoGm;vkdY &Sif&JU &ifawGvnf; uGJaeygOD;r,f}} usef;[lusif;\ rsufESmwGif &SufaoG;vTrf;NyD; &JceJ jzpfoGm;jyefonf/ odkYaomf usef;[lusif;onf ausmufrdefudk rnfonfh pum;udkrQ jyefrajymawmh/ ajymvQifvnf; olom t½l;jzpfNyD; xyft&Suf uGJ&OD;rnf jzpfygonf/ olwYdkonf jrif;ESpaf umifukd jyef,u l m awmifyikd ;f odYk c&D;quf Mu&awmhonf/ use;f [lusi;f onf jrif;pD;&if;rS olY tazMuD; &Supf eG ;f ESihf csLusL;wkYd twGuf pdwyf al erdawmhonf/ olY tazMuD; &Supf eG ;f tae jzifh olawmif;pm;*dP k ;f \ vufxJodkY a&muf&SdoGm;ygu tvGefqHk; ESdyfpufcH&½Hkom &Sdayrnf/ csLusL;rSm rdef;uav; jzpfojzifh t&SufwuGJ tusKd;enf; jzpf&zkdY rsm;onf/ tu,fí olwdkYonf csLusL;udk twif; t"r® odrf;ykduf MuHpnfMuvQif csLusL;onf olYudk,fol owfaooGm; rnfom jzpfonf/ xkdtawG;rsm; acgif;xJ a&mufvmaomtcg olwdkYudk u,fwif&ef iSufrsm;ozG,f awmifyHcwfí ta&muf ysHoef;oGm;csifygawmhonf/ xkn d wGif olwYdk onf NrdKUuav; wpfNrdKUodYk a&muf&v dS mMuonf/ wnf;cdck ef; wpfcw k iG f wnf;ckv d u dk Mf uonf/ aemufwpfaeY eHeufwGifrl usef;[lusif;onf pmwpfapmif a&;vsuf ausmufrdef\ ab;em;wGif csxm;um olwpfa,mufwnf; tvsifOD;qHk; xGufcGmvmcJhawmhonf/
788
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csef½kdu odkif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;tm; acsmharmh ESpfodrfhovkd ajymvkdufonf/ ]]vuf½Hk;&nfcsnf;yJ tm;udk;rS a,mufusm; r[kwfygbl;? ESvHk;&nf vnf; tm;udk;&OD;rSmaygh? uJ ... usef;[lusif; cifAsm; tzrf;cHrvm; rcHbl;vm; ajym}} [lusif;uvnf; &,farmNyD; ajymvdkufonf/ ]]aumif;ygNyD ...aumif;ygNyD? cifAsm;wkdY&JU trdefYtwkdif; emcHyghr,f? tif; ...'DaeYusrSyJ olawmif;pm;*dkPf;&JU owÅdudk awGU&awmhw,f? vlawGwif edrfhusovm; atmufarhrdw,f? pdwf"mwfuvJ w,fvnf; edrfhuswmudk;}} [lusif;onf aemufodkY ESpfvSrf;rQ qkwfvkdufNyD; ½kwfw&uf aemufuRrf;xkd; ckefxGufvkdufawmhonf/ [lusif; usoGm;onfhae&mum; olawmif;pm;*dkPf;csKyfMuD; q,f[dkvHk\ ycHk;ay:odkYwnf;/ ol\ nmbuf vuf0g;apmif;onf q,f[kdvHk\ i,fxdyfudk zdwifxm;onf/ ol\ b,fbufvufurl q,f[kdvHk\ vnf*kwfrS taMumudk qkyfudkifxm;vkdufonf/ þodkif;uGufrSm ajrjyefYodkif;ynmrS odkif;uGufrsm; r[kwfacs/ ausmufrD;wkdif ajcmufwkdifay:rS odkif;uGuf rsm; jzpfayonf/ [lusif; taejzifh þodkif;uGufudk xkwfoHk;onfrSm taMumif;rJh r[kwfacs/ olawmif;pm;*dkPf;csKyfMuD; wpfa,mufudk omrmef odkif;uGuf rsm;oHk;í zrf;qD;vdkufygu tjyif;txef ckcHrIrsm;ESifh MuHKawGU&NyD;? rzrf;Edkif rqD;Edkif jzpfoGm;rnfudk pdk;&drfojzifh þodkif;uGufrsm;udk oHk; vkduf&jcif; jzpfayonf/ þxl;qef;onfh odkif;uGufrsm;udk oHk;onfhwkdif q,f[dkvHktaejzifh wefjyefckcHrIrsm; jyKvkyfvdrfhrnf[k usef;[lusif;u arQmfvifhxm; ayonf/ odkYaomf *dkPf;csKyfMuD; q,f[dkvHkxHrS rnfonfh ckcHrIrsm;udkrS rawGU&/ tvG,fulqHk; zrf;qD;EkdifcJhavNyD/ xkdYaMumifh usef;[lusif;onf uav;i,f wpfa,mufu vlMuD;wpfa,muf\ ycHk;xufwGif cGxkdifNyD; jrif;pD; aqmhupm;aeonfhyHkpHrsKd; jzpfaeayonf/ &,fp&m jrifuGif; jzpfaeawmhonf/ odkYaomf rnfolrQ r&,fEdkif/ olwkdY\ *dkPf;csKyfMuD;onf MuGufuav; iSuu f av;rsm; tzrf;cH&ouJh odYk tzrf;cHvu dk &f onfudk awGUvku d &f aomtcg olawmif;pm;*dP k ;f om; rsm;onfvnf; tvef Y w Mum; atmf [ pf M uawmh o nf / atmf ½ H k o m atmf [ pf E d k i f o nf / tem;ok d Y r l rnf o l r Q ruyf & J M u/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf [lusif;\ vuf0g;apmif;udk tenf;i,f qwfvkduf½HkrQjzifh *dkPf;csKyfMuD; \ i,fxdyfwpfckvHk; aMurGoGm;Ekdifayonf/ i,fxdyf[lonfrSm vlwkdif;\ aoaMumyif jzpfonf r[kwfyg vm;/ olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om; tm;vHk;onf rnfonfh vIyf&Sm;rIudkrQ rvkyf&JMuonfhtjyif þtajctaeqkd;rS vGwfajrmufoGm;atmif rnfodkY MuHpnf pdwful&rnfudkvnf; rodMuawmhacs/ ÄÄÄ xkdtcsdefwGif tdrfacgifrdk;ay:rS om,m n§if;nHhvSaom ajyGrIwfoH wpfoHonf avvIdif;Mum;wGif vl;umvSdrfhumjzifh xGufay:vmawmh onf/ xkdYjyif yDo MunfjrvSonfh apmif;cwfoHudkyg Mum;vkdufMu &jyefonf/ vltm;vHk;onf xkdtoHrsm;aMumifh ½kwfw&uf xdwfvefYovdk jzpfoGm;MupOfyif tusÐjzL 0wfqifxm;aom rdef;uav; av;a,mufwkdYonf cef;rMuD;xJodkY ckefqif;vmMuawmhonf/ olwkdY\ vufxJwGif apmif;rsm; udk,fpDygvmMuonf/ tm;vHk;u xkd rdef;uav; av;a,muftm; rsufpDus uRwfxGufrwuf pl;pdkufMunhfaecdkuf aemufxyf tusÐ teufrsm; 0wfqifxm;Muaom rdef;uav; av;a,mufu xyfrH ckefqif;vmMujyefawmhonf/ olwkdY\ vufxJwGif ajyGwpfacsmif;pD udkif;xm;MuaMumif; tm;vHk; u owdjyKrdvkdufMuonf/ xkdrdef;uav;rsm;onf wpfpHkwpfNyHKMuD; r&yfMubJ? wpfbufwpfwef;pD cGJjcm;í &yfvkdufMuonf/ olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm;onf yg;pyfrsm; ta[mif;om;jzifh ai;MunhfaeMupOf tusÐt0ga&mif 0wfqifxm;onfh rdef;uav; wpfa,mufu toufq,fhoHk;ESpfcefY&Sd rdef;uav; wpfa,mufudk vuf qGJí y&dowf tv,fodkY avQmuf0ifvmaawmhonf/ tusÐt0ga&mif 0wfqifxm;onfh rdef;rrSm toufoHk;q,fausmfcefY &Sdayvdrfhrnf/ ½kyf&nff½lyumrSmrl tvGefvSy cefYnm;NyD; ol\ tjyKtrlESifh [efyef rsm;onfvnf; tvGefyif txufwef; usvSaMumif; usef;[lusif; awGU&Sd&ayonf/ 793
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; toufq,foHk;ESpfcefY&Sd rdef;uav;rSmrl tvGef ½kyfqkd;vSonf/ xkdrdef;uav;\ tjcm;vufwpfbufwGif tpdrf;a&mif 0g;wpfacsmif;udk udkif;xm;ayonf/ olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om; tm;vHk;\ rsufvHk;rsm;onf xkdrdef;r\ vufwGif;&Sd 0g;pdrf;ay:odkYom a&muf&SdaeMuawmhonf/ usef;[lusif;onf þrQ rsm;jym;vSpmG a&muf&v dS monfh rde;f uav;rsm; tv,f0,f q,f[v dk \ kH ycH;k xufü uav;av;yrm xkid af e &onft h wGuf &Suaf Mumufrad omfvnf; csef½u dk csLusL;udk vTwrf ay; ao;ojzifh oluvnf; xkdifNrJxkdifae&awmhonf/ csLusL;udk rvTwforQ olYtaejzifh q,f[dkvHkudk rvTwfEkdifay/ olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om; tm;vHk;\ tm½Hkonf 0g;pdrf;ay:ü a&muf aeaMumif; usef;[lusif; &dyfrdvkdufojzifh oluvnf; 0g;pdrf;udk tuJ cwf pl;prf;Munhfrdawmhonf/ 0g;pdrf;onf omref 0g;vHk;0g;prf;rsm;ESifh rwlbJ ta&mifrsm; awmufyvsuf pdrf;vJhvJhjzpfaeonf/ tusÐt0g rdef;ru tm;vHk;udk a0SU,rf;MunhfvkdufNyD;rS aemufqHk; wGif [lusif;udk Munhfonf/ ]]usef;[lusif; ...&Sifu toufvnf; i,fawmhwm r[kwfygbl;? b,fhES,fh uav;av;vkd aqmhae&wmvJ? udk,fhbmomudk,f jyefMunhf prf;ygOD;}} olr\ avoHonf tjypfwifonfh avoH[k ½kwfw&uf tm;jzifh xif&ef &Sdaomfvnf; wu,fwrf;tm;jzifh tpfru armifi,fjzpfoltm; ajymqkdqHk;ronfh &if;ESD;uRrf;0ifvSonfh avoHrsKd;om jzpfayonf/ usef;[lusif; rsufESmü &JceJ jzpfoGm;onftxd &SufoGm;rdonf/ ]]usKyfu uav;vkd aqmhaewm r[kwfygbl;? csef½kdqkdwJh [kdvl,kwfrmu aumufuspf ,kwfrmwJh enf; pçoHk;w,fav usKyf&JU tazmfukdzrf;? "m;pmcHvkyf tMuyfudkifw,f? 'gaMumifh usKyfuvJ olwkdY&JU *dkPf;csKyfudk zrf;NyD;? olwkdYudk jyeftMuyfukdifaewmyg}} xkdrdef;ronf NyHK;ppjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]olrsm;&JU *dkPf;csKyfudk jrif;vkdwufpD;aevkdYuawmh enf;enf;vG,f r,f xifw,f? uRefr ...cseftef; uae 'Dudk vmwJh vrf;wpfavQmufvHk; &SSifh taMumif; Mum;vm&w,f? tvif;rmef*dkPf;MuD;&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD;[m wu,fh vlqkd;uav;wJh? olwkdY ajymwmawG [kwfr,frxifbl;? tck awGUawmhrSyJ [if; ...}} xkdpOf ...q,f[dkvHkonf [lusif;\ atmufrS atmf[pfvkdufav onf/ ]]usef;[lusif; ...wPSmtdk;av;? rif; bmjzpfvkdY igh tay:wufNyD; tEdkifusifhae&wmvJ? jrefjrefqif;prf;}} olonf atmf&if; [pf&if; ½kef;xGuf&ef MudK;pm;onf/ odkYaomf [lusif;u ol\ taMumudk udkifxm;ojzifh ½kef;xGuf&ef rwufEkdifbJ jzpfae&onf/ xkdYjyif [lusif;onf olYtm; q,f[kdvHku vla&SUola&SUü wPSmtdk;av;[k ac:qkd ykwfcwfvdkufonfudk Mum;vk d u f & aomtcg &S u f a 'gojzif h vnf * k w f a Mumud k ud k i f x m;vk d u f o nf / vuf u d k tm;yk d xk w f í n§pfvkdufawmhonf/ xkdtcg q,f[kdvHkonf [efraqmifEdkifawmhbJ emusifpGm nnf;nLvkdufrdawmhonf/ olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm;onf rdrdwkdY a&SUü rdrdwkdY\ *dkPf;csKyf MuD;wpfa,muf *kPfoa&r&Sd? odu©mr&Sd? pGrf;&nfr&Sd? oem;zG,f jzpfae onfudk awGU&aomtcg &Sufvnf;&Suf? a'govnf; xGufrdMuawmh onf/ csef½kdonf raeomawmhojzifh [lusif;tm; tay;t,l vkyf& awmhonf/ ]]usef;[lusif; ...cifAsm;u usKyfwkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD;udk vTwfay;? usKyfuvJ csLusL;udk vTwfay;r,f}} olonf ajymNyD;onfESifh csLusL;\ aemufausmukd axmufxm;onhf "m;tm; "m;tdrftwGif;odkY jyefxnfhvkdufonf/ ]]aumif;NyD}} [lusif;onf q,f[v dk \ kH ycH;k xufrS ckeq f if;vdu k &f m csLusL;\ eHab;odYk a&muf&v dS mawmhonf/ ,cktcg csLusL; owd&vm jyefavNyD? olr\ rsufESmuav;onf ñSKd;EGrf;vsuf &Sdaeonf/ [lusif;onf olrudk ayGUxlvdkufNyD; cHkvGwf wpfvHk;wGif xdkifapNyD; tem;,lvkdufaponf/ csef½kdonf tusÐt0ga&mif rdef;rbufodkY vSnfhí ar;vdkufonf/ ]cifAsm;u b,folvJ? b,fuvJ? bmudpöeJY usKyfwkdYqDudk a&muf vm&wmvJ}} 794
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xkdtcg tusÐ0grdef;rxHrS at;pufvSaom pum;oH xGufay: vmawmhonf/ ]]rdk;MudK;vufoD;&SifcsefcGef; b,frSmvJ? olYudk ac:xkwfvkdufprf;}} csefcGef;\ trnfudk Mum;odvdkuf&aomtcg [lusif; tvGef tHhMooGm;rdonf/ csefcGef;onf rnfonfh tcsdeftxd jyóemrsm;udk ½IyfaxG;atmif vkyfaeawmhrnf rodacs/ csef½dkonfvnf; csefcGef;\ trnfudk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg rsufESmysuf oGm;awmhonf/ odkYaomf olonf vlyg;wpfa,muf jzpfonfESifhtnD ol\ rsufESmudk csufcsif; jyefwnfvkdufonf/ pum; udkvnf; £aNE´&&yif jyefajymvkdufonf/ ]]rd;k MudK;vufo;D &Sif csefceG ;f qkw d mu jcaohrF if; &Supf eG ;f &JU q&myJ? csefceG ;f taMumif; odcsif&if usef;[lusif;ukd ar;aygh}} tusÐ0grdef;ronf csef½dktm; qufrar;awmh/ q,f[dkvHkbufodkY vSnfhvkdufonf/ ]]&Sifuawmh b,folwJh? a,musfm;wpfa,mufvHk; vkyfaeNyD; bm jzpfvkdY 'DavmuftoHk;rus jzpfae&wmvJ? olrsm;u udk,fhudk vkyfcsifwdkif; vkyfaewm jyefckcHzdkU rBudK;pm;bl;? wnnf;nnf;wnLnL vkyfaew,f}} olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om; tm;vHk;wdkUonf xdkpum;aMumifh t&Suf& oGm;Muonf/ olwdkU\ *dkPf;csKyfBuD;onf þrQavmuf toHk;rus jzpfaevdrfhrnf[k olwdkUtm;vHk; rxifrSwfcJhMuacs/ xdkpOf csef&dku 0ifíajymonf/ ]]ol[m usKyfwdkU&JU *dkPf;csKyfBuD;yJ? ckwavm rusef;rmvdkU 'DvdkcH vdkuf&wmyg? cifAsm;[m {nfhonfyJ? {nhfonf[m {nhfonfvdkyJ ajymyg pum;ajym&if csifhcsifhcsdefcsdef ajymyg}}
795
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tcef;(89) tvdrfay:jcif; xdktcg tusÐ0grdef;ronf q,f[dkvHk\ rsufESmudk pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf Munhfvkdufum oa&mfNyHK;çNyHK;vkdufonf/ ]]olu olawmif;pm;*dkPf;&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD; [kwfvm;}} q,f[dkvHk\ rsufESmonf xkdpum;aMumifh jzLavsmfoGm;awmhonf/ tusÐ0grdef;ronf olYab;rS rdef;uav;\ vufxJwGif ukdifxm; aom 0g;pdrf;udk vufñSKd;xkd;jyum ... ]]'g[m &SifwkdY *dkPf;&JU *dkPf;csKyftrSwftom; acG;½dkufwkwf r[kwfvm;}} tm;vHk;aom olrsm;onf rdef;uav;vufxJwGif udkifxm;aom 0g;pdrf;wkwfudk MunhfvkdufMuonf/ acG;½dkufwkwfqkdonfrSm olawmif; pm;*dkPf;csKyfMuD;rsm;\ vufpGJtrSwftom; jzpfavonf/ odkYaomf ,ck q,f[dkvHk\ vufxJwGif acG;½kdufwkwf r&SdbJ tb,faMumifh wpfyg;ol\ vufxJü a&muf&Sdae&oenf;/ odkif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;onf oHo, &Sdvmonf/ ol\ oHo,udk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; od&ef zGifh[ar;vdkufonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; ...'D rdef;uav; vufxJu acG;½kdufwkwf[m tppfvm;? twkvm;}} q,f[kdvHkonf wkefwkef,if,ifjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]][kwf ...[kwfygw,f? ig Munhf&wmawmh twkyJ}} 796
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; tusÐ0g rdef;ru ... ]]aumif;NyD ... 'Dvkdqkd&ifvJ &Sifh&JU acG;½dkufwkwftppfudk ,ljyygOD;? ,SOfMunhfh&if b,f'if;[m twk? b,f'if;[m tppfqkdwm uGJuGJjym;jym; od&rSmyJ}} xkdar;cGef;udkrl q,f[kdvHku £aNE´&pGm jyefajzonf/ ]]acG;½kdufwkwfqkdwm usKyfwkdY olawmif;pm;*dkPf;&JU txGuftjrwfqHk; ypönf;yJ? cifAsm;wkdY ajymwdkif; usKyfu xkwfrjyEkdifbl;? 'D acG;½kdufwkwfudk tNrJwrf; udkifxm;&if aysmufrSmyJ pdk;&drf&ao;w,f? tckvdk vHkvHkNcHKNcHK odrf;xm;wm[m usKyfwkdY *dkPf;twGuf taumif;qHk; tpDtpOfyJ}} olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm;onf tusKd;taMumif; rqDavsmfvSaom q,f[kdvHk\ pum;udk Mum;vkduf &aomtcg oHo,rsm; yGm;rsm; vmawmhonf/ *dkPf;csKyfMuD; wpfa,mufvHk; jzpfaevsufom;ESifh ol\ vufpGJ trSwftom;udk aysmufrSmpdk;í udk,fwGif aqmifrxm;onf[lonfh pum;onf ol\ *kPfoa&udk vHk;0 avsmusysufpD;apawmhonf/ xkdpOf tusÐ0grdef;r\ ab;rS rdef;uav;onf ol\ vufxJrS 0g;pdrf;wkwfudk udkifaNr§mufjy&if; ajymvkdufavonf/ ]]olawmif;pm; *dkPf;u 0gpOfMuD;wJh yk*¾dKvfawG tm;vHk; em;axmif Muyg? 'DacG;½kdufwkwf[m uRefrwkdY *kP d ;f &JU rsKd;pOf rsKd;quf wpfavQmuf vH;k xde;f odr;f vmwJh ypön;f ? 'g[m twkjzpfEidk rf vm;? tm;vH;k vmí MunhMf uyg}} olawmif;pm; *kdPf;om;rsm; tm;vHk;u olr\ ]uRefrwkdY *dkPf;} [lonfh toHk;tEIef;udk Mum;vkdufMu&ojzifh tvGef tHMh ooGm;Muonf/ olwYdk \ pdwx f w J iG f þ uav;rav;onf olwYdk \ olawmif;pm; *dP k ;f om;rsm; ayvm;[k awG;awmaerdMuawmhonf/ xkdYjyif olwkdY tm;vHk;onf tpkvkduf tpkvkduf 0g;pdrf;wkwfudk teD;uyf avhvmMunhfMuonf/ trSefwu,fyif acG;½kdufwkwf jzpfaeaMumif; awGU&Sd&avawmhonf/ tusÐ0grdef;ronf tm;&yg;& &,farm&if; ajymvkdufjyefonf/ ]]olawmif;pm; *dkPf;csKyfMuD; q,f[kdvHk[m e*g;Ekdifvuf0g;apmif; q,fh&SpfuGufeJY acG;½kdufwkwf odkif;ynm ESpfrsKd;wnf;eJY odkif;avmurSm vlodrsm; xif&Sm;vmcJhwmyJ? 'Dawmh prf;MunhfMuwmaygh? [kwf&ifausmf ykkyf&if ay:rSmyJ? uJ ...a&Smif[kef rif;xGufvkdufprf;? a[m'Du *dkPf;csKyfMuD; q,f[dkvHkeJY e*g;Ekdif vuf0g;apmif; okdif;ynm zvS,fMunfhvkduf prf;ygOD;}} xkdtcg ajrGudkifaom rdef;uav;wpfa,muf a&SUodkY xGufvmav awmhonf/ csef½kdonf a'gowMuD;jzifh atmf[pf wm;jrpfvkdufonf/ ]]cifAsm; b,fvkd rdef;rvJ? cifAsm;[m usKyfwdkY olawmif;pm;*dkPf;udk oufouf vmapmfum;aew,f? tck cifAsm;&JU tysK&d ef wpfa,mufukd ac:NyD; usKyfwYdk&UJ *dP k ;f csKyfMuD;eJY ,SOjf ydKifcikd af o;w,f? usKyfwYdk *dP k ;f udk txifao;wJh oabmaygh? *dkPf;csKyfMuD; ...*dkPf;csKyfMuD; udk,f wkdif wkdufzdkY rvkdao;ygbl;? 'Drdef;rawG bmuvlawGvnf; qkdwm usKyf t&if ppfaq;Munhfyg&ap? usKyf t&ifwkdufyghr,f}} csef½dkonf ol\ *dkPf;csKyfMuD;\ *kPfudk Nr§ifhwifonfh taejzifh q,f[kdvHktm; t½kdtao wpfcsuf jyKvkdufonf/ ol\ "m;udk ½Trf;ceJ qGJxkwfvkdufum cef;rtv,fodkY avQmufxGufvmavawmhonf/ a&Smif[kefu ... ]]rru uRefrudk e*g;Ekdifvuf0g;apmif; odkif;uGuf zvS,fcdkif;wm? &SifhMunhf&wm e*g;Ekdif vuf0g;apmif; odkif;uGufvJ wufyHkr&ygbl;? wwfaum wuf&JUvm;? vuf0g;apmif; odkif;uGufygvdkY qkdaerS &Sif bmjzpfvkdY "m;udk udkifae&wmvJ}} ]]rif;wkdYu b,fu[mawGrSef; rodbJeJY igwkYd&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD;udk bmjzpfvdkY xGufNyD; ,SOfjydKifcdkif;&rSmvJ? rif;wdkY b,fu[mawGvJ ajymprf;}} tusÐ0g trsKd;orD;u usef;[lusif;tm; vSrf;í ajymvkdufay onf/ ]]usef;[lusif; ...&Sifhudk uRefr tultnD wpfck awmif;csifygw,f}} ]][kwfuJh ...ajymyg? uRefawmf wwfEdkifwmrSef&if bmrqkd ulnDyghr,f}} 797
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]&Sif 'Dcsef½kdqkdwJh vludk xdef;csKyfxm;vdkufyg? [kd ...*dkPf;csKyf twkMuD;udkvJ xGufrajy;Ekdifatmif wm;qD;ay;prf;yg}} usef;[lusif;onf tapmMuD; uwnf;uyif q,f[kdvHk\ t&nftcsif;ESifh yufowfí oHo, &Sdaeol jzpfayonf/ tjcm;oHo, jzpf aeonfh tcsufwpfcsufvnf; &Sdao;onf/ ,cktcsdew f iG f ol\ qH;k jzwfcsuf? nTeMf um;csuf [lí wpfpw kH pfck rQ r&S/d csef½kd ajymorQ acgif;ndwaf e&jcif; jzpfavonf/ ,cktcg tusÐ0grdef;ru *dkPf;csKyftwkMuD;[k ajymvkdufaom tcgrS &Sif;&Sif; vif;vif; oabmaygufoGm;rdawmhonf/ [lusif;onf acgif;wpfcsuf ndwfjyvdkuf&if; q,f[dkvHkxHodkY ckef0ifvkdufonf/ q,f[kdvHkonf aMumufaMumufvefYvefYjzifh [lusif; \ &ifbufudk vufo;D jzifh xk;d vdu k af omtcg ]bke;f }ceJ jrnf;[nf;oH wpfcsuf ay:vmawmhonf/ [lusif;rSmrl rnfodkYrQ rjzpf/ [lusif;onf w[m;[m; &,farm&if; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]e*g;Edkif vuf0g;apmif;qkd&if 'Dvdk b,fjzpfygvdrfhrvJ? cifAsm;&JU vufoD;u bmrS toHk;ruswJh vufoD;yJ}} [lusif;onf uav;i,f wpfa,muf\ *kwfudk qGJzrf;vdkufouJhodkY q,f[kdvHkudk qGJzrf;vkdufonf/ cef;rMuD;\ tv,facgifodkY ypfydkYvkdufonf/ q,f[kdvHk crsmrSmrl [lusif;tm; rnfokdYrQ wGef;vSefckcHEdkifjcif; r&SdawmhbJ [lusif; jyKorQ Ek&onfh b0odkY a&mufoGm;&awmhonf/ odkYaomf csef½dkurl ol\ "m;udk qGJxkwfvsuf [lusif;udk tjyif;txef wkdufckdufawmhonf/ odkYaomf wpfuGufrQom wkdufvkduf&onf/ "m;rSm vGifhpOfxGufoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf csef½dk\ taMumukd xkd;ydwfvkdufojzifh csef½kdonf ajrMuD;ay:okdY vJusoGm;awmhonf/ xkdtcg uav;rav;uvnf; atmf[pf idk,dkNyD;? uGufvyfa&SUodkY ckefxGufvmonf/ vJusaeonfh q,f[dkvHktm; xkykwf½kdufESufNyD; atmf[pf ajymqkdaeawmhonf/ ]]&Sif ...&Sif vl,kwfrmMuD;? uRefr tazudk &Sif vkyfMuHw,f? uRefr&JU tazudk &Sif vkyfMuHw,f? &Sifhudk rauseyfbl;? owfr,f? tckyJ uRefr owfr,f}} olronf ajymajymqkdqkdjzifh q,f[dkvHk\ qHyifudk qGJukdifvkduf onf/ xkdpOf rarQmfvifhaom tjzpfwpfck jzpfvmawmhonf/ ÄÄÄ tjzpfrSm ...? rdef;uav;onf q,f[dkvHk\ qHyifudk pkqGJqkyfudkif vkdufonfESifh wpfjydKifeuf q,ff[kdvHk\ qHyifrSm tkyfvHk;uRwfxGufum acgif;wHk;MuD; jzpfaeaMumif; awGUvkdufMu&jcif; jzpfayonf/ rdef;uav;onf ½kwfw&uf ai;aMumif oGm;rdaomfvnf; ½kwfjcnf;yif oabmaygufoGm;awmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh rdef;uav;onf q,f[dkvHk\ rsufESmwpfckvHk;udk qGJ jzKwfvkdufaomtcg ESmacgif;MuD; jyKwfxGufçvmawmhonf/ tcef;wGif; &Sd vltm;vHk;onf tHhMojcif;ru tHhMordMuojzifh ai;armvsufom MunhfaerdMuonf/ olwkdYtm;vHk; odvkdufMuayNyD/ q,f [ k d v H k \ rsuf E S m yH k u k d xk í rsuf E S m zH k ; wyf u m ½k y f z suf x m;jcif ; jzpf a yonf / þol u m; wu,fpifppftm;jzifh q,f[dkvHk tppf r[kwfacswum;/ olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om; tm;vHk;onf ½kwfw&uf owd0ifvmNyD; a'gowMuD; atmf[pfvkdufMuawmhonf/ ]]rif; ...b,folvJ ...ajymprf;? bmjzpfvdkY igwkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD; [ef aqmifae&wmvJ}} [lusif;onf NyHK;í ab;odkY qkwfa&Smifay;vdkufonf/ q,f[kdvHk twk ay:aygufvmNyD jzpfí olwdkY olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm; tcsif;csif;om pm&if;&Sif;Mu&ayawmhrnf/ olYtaeESifh 0ifygp&m rvkdawmh/ ,cktcsdefwGif vufykdufí Munhfae½Hkom &Sdawmhonf/ usef;yef e*g;acgif;onf rnfonfh pum;wpfcGef; udkrQ rajym/ 798
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; q,f[kdvHktwk\ ab;em;odkY uyfoGm;NyD; q,f[kdvHk twk\ yg;udk tcsufaygif; q,fcsufcefY ½dkufypfvkdufonf/ [lusif;tzkdYrSmrl idktm;xuf &,ftm;oef[k qkd&rnf uJhokdY jzpfae ojzifh NyHK;aerdawmhonf/ rNyHK;bJvnf; raeEkdifacs/ q,f[kdvHk twkonf atmfMuD;[pfus,fjzifh idk,dkvkdufaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ ]]'g ...'g usKyftjypfr[kwfbl;? usKyfeJY rqkdifbl;? csef½kdu usKyfudk vkyfckdif;vdkY usKyfu vkyf&wmyg? usKyfu olYudk aMumufae&wmyg}} pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;rSL;onf csufcsif;yif ol\ *dkPf;om;rsm; bufodkY vSnfhí trdefYay;vkdufawmhonf/ ]]csef½kdudk zrf;csKyfvkdufMuprf;}} csef½kdonf olYtwGuf Mur®mqkd; 0ifawmhrnfudk od&SdvkdufavNyD/ odkYaomf ol\ taMumrSm xkd;ydwfjcif; cHxm;&ojzifh rnfodkYrQ rvIyf &Sm;Ekdifawmh/ olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om;rsm;onf olYudk zrf;qD; csKyfaESmifvkdufMuonf/ pnf;urf; xdef;odrf;a&;rSL;onf tusÐ0grdef;uav;udk OD;nTwf t½dktao jyKvkdufonf/ ]]rdef;ua;v&JU aus;Zl;aMumifh uRefawmfwdkY olawmif;pm;*dkPf;[m vl,kwfrmawG&JU vufxJrSm a&wdrfepf &awmhr,fh tjzpfu vTwfajrmuf cJh&ygw,f? usKyfwkdY[m rdef;uav;udk azmfrjyEkdifavmufatmif aus;Zl;wifaMumif; vIdkufvIdufvSJvSJ ajymyg&ap? rdef;uav;&JU emrnfudk rod& bl;vm;}} tusÐ0g rdef;uav;onf ESpfESpfNcdKufNcdKuf NyHK;vkdufonf/ ]]uRefru awmeufMuD;xJrmS aecJw h m MumNyDqadk wmh ud, k ehf mrnf ud, k af rhaeygNyD? uRefru ta&;rMuD;ygbl;? ta&;MuD;wmu 'Duav;rav;yg? olYudk &SifwkdYxJu wpfa,mufrS rrSwfrdMubl;vm;}} xdktcg uav;ronf olr\ rsufESmudk vufjzihf yGwfoyfqGJcs vkdufonf/ trSefpifppf xkdrdef;uav;\ rsufESmrSmvnf; rsufESmzHk; pGyfxm;vsuf ½kyfzsufxm;jcif;yif jzpfayonf/ xkrd ed ;f uav;\ e*k½d yk &f nfukd awGUvku d &f aomtcg odik ;f ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;rSm wtHw h Mo ajymvku d o f nf/ ]]ol ...ol? *dkPf;csKyfMuD; ZeD;eJY ½kyfcsif;wlvkdufwm? ol ...ol}} tusÐ0g rdef;ru jzwfí ajymvkdufonf/ ]][kwfw,f ...ol[m *dkPf;csKyfMuD; q,f[kdvHk&JU orD;av; q,f[kefyJ? *dkPf;csKyfMuD; q,f[dkvHk vkyfMuHcH&NyD;wJh tcsdefrSm q,f[dkvHk&JU vuf&if;wynfhMuD; 0rfa&Smif[m uRefrwkdYqDudk a&mufvmygw,f? a&mufvmw,f qdkwmu toufab;u vGwf&mvGwfaMumif; tajy;tvTm; a&mufvmwmyg? 0rfa&SmifeJY twl acG;½kdufwkwfwpfacsmif;eJY a[m'D q,f[kefuav;yg ygvmw,f? 0rfa&Smif[m aovkaoqJygyJ 'gayr,fh olwkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD;&JU orD;av;udkawmh uReffrwkdY vufxJ ab;roD &efrc ta&mufydkYcJhygw,f? 0rfa&SmifvJ aemufqHk; tm;ukefNyD; aooGm;cJh&&Smw,f}} odkif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;u ... ]]rdef;uav; ...'Dvkdqkd&if usKyfwdkY&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD; uG,fvGefoGm;NyDaygh [kwfvm;? olb,fvkd uG,fvGef oGm;cJh&wmvJ? odyg&ap}} olawmif;pm; *kdPf;csKyfMuD; q,f[dkvHkonf vGefcJhaom q,fESpfausmfcefYu e*g;Edkif vuf0g;apmif; odkif;uGufudk avhusifh&if; ol\ vufESpfbufpvHk; taMumrsm; aooGm;cJh&onf/ þodkY taMumrsm; aooGm;cJh&jcif;rSm ol\ twGif;tm; rjynfh0jcif;aMumifh jzpfayonf/ xkdtaMumif;aMumifh ol\ *dkPf;udpt ö 00udk ol\ vufatmuf i,fom;rsm;ESifh vTJxm;cJhNyD? olurl olYZeD; olYorD; wkdYudk twl ac: aqmifvsuf t&yfwum? e,fwum vSnhfvnfvsuf aq;0g;rsm; t&Sm xGufoGm;cJhonf/ xkdtcsdeftwGif; *dkPf;csKyftwk ay:xGufvmjcif; jzpf avonf/ odkYaomf ...olYtm; rnfolurQ *dkPf;csKyftwk[k rxifrSwfcJh Muay/ olYtm; twk[k rxif&atmif ydyd&d&daexkdifjyKrl cJhaomaMumifh jzpfayonf/ tusÐ0grdef;uav;u *kdPf;csKyfMuD; q,f[kdvHk tppf\ taMumif; udk ajymjyonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; q,f[dkvHk[m rdk;MudK;vufoD;&Sif csefcGef;&JU vuf csufeJY aooGm;cJh&wmyg}} ]]bm}} 799
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;u ... ]]vufpowfawmh wu,fh w&m;cH tppfu 'Dcsef½kdeJY csefcGef;wkdY q&mwynhf ESpfa,mufudk;? olwkdY ESpfa,mufpvHk;u odkif;avmu wpfckvHk;udk tkyfpD;NyD; wkdif;jynfudkawmif odrf;ykdufcsifaeMuwJh aumifawG? tck olwdkY vkyfyHkukdMunhf? 'Duae wpfqifhNyD;wpfqifh wufr,f? tvif;rmef*dkPf;? a&Smifvif*dkPf;? [lwef;*kdPf;eJY 0gr*dkPf;awGudk olwdkY vufckyfxJu a&jzpfatmif vkyfr,f? tif; ...'DaumifawG&JU tMuHu awmh wu,fhudk yufyufpufpuf MuHwJh tMuHygvm;}} xkdtcg olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om;rsm;onf vHk;0 rcsKyfwD;EkdifMuawmh a'go,rf;tkd;MuD; aygufuGJoGm; Muawmhonf/ tm;vHk; wpfnDwpfnTwf wnf; atmf[pfvkdufMuonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD;twGuf wdkufcdkufay;Mu}} xkd atmfoHMuD;onf [lusif;wkdY\ tonf;ESvHk;rsm;udkyg wkefvIyf acsmufcsm;oGm;aponftxd wkef[nf; xGufay:vmawmhonf/ olwkdYonf csef½dkESihf *dkPf;csKyftwkwkdYudk pdwf&Sdvuf&Sd 0ifa&muf xkd;Mudwf ½kdufESufMuawmhonf/ pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;rSL;ESifh odkif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;wkdYonf vnf; olwkdY *dkPf;om;rsm;udk rxdef;odrf;EkdifMuawmhacs/ csef½dkESifh *dkPf;csKyftwkwkdYrSm wdkufckdufjcif; cHvkdufMu&ayNyD/ *kdPf;om;aygif; rsm;pGm\ xkaxmif; ½kdufESufcsufatmuf0,f rcsdrqefY touf xGufoGm;Mu&awmhonf/ xkdpOf tusÐ0g rdef;ru ... ]]uRefrwkdY ckkvkd a&mufvmMuwmudk &SifwkdY tHhMoaumif; tHhMo Mur,f? rtHhMoMuygeJY? uRefr&JU rdbawGeJY &Siw f Ykd olawmif;pm;*dP k ;f [m acwftqufqufuwnf;u qufpyf yufowfraI wG &Scd yhJ gw,f? 'gaMumifh uRerf taeeJY tckvkd0ifNyD; pGufzufcJh&wmyg? tckqkd&if udpöawG tm;vHk;vkdvkd &Sif;vif;oGm;ygNyD? 'DnDrav; q,f[kefudkawmh 'DrSmyJ xm;cJhygawmhr,f? &SifwkdYyJ aumif;aumif; jyKpk apmifha&Smufay;ygvkdY awmif;qkdcJhygw,f}} pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;rSL;? okdif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;ESifh usef;yef e*g;acgif;wkdYu vIdufvJSpGm aus;Zl;wif pum;rsm; ajymMum; Muonf/ q,f[kefuav;udk jyKpkapmifha&SmufrSm olwkdY\ r[mwm0efMuD; jzpfaMumif; ajymMum;Muonf/ olronf csufcsif;yif olr\ tysKd&H &Spfa,mufwdkYESifh twl xGufcGmoGm;awmhonf/ ÄÄÄ olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm;onf xl;jcm; qef;Mu,faom þrdef;rtm; rnfonfht&yf? rnfonfh trsKd;tEG,furSef; vHk;0 rod&Sd Muay/ olwkdY*dkPf;ESifh rnfodkY qufEG,fywfoufcJhonfudkvnf; vHk;0 rod&SdMuay/ xkdYaemuf odkif;ynma&;rSL;onf q,f[kef\ vufuav;udk qGJac:vdkufNyD; [lusif;bufodkYvnf; vSrf;ajymvdkufonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; usef;[lusif; twGif;buf tcef;udk acwÅMuGygvkdY zdwfac:ygw,f}} [lusif;ESifh olawmif;pm;*dkPf;wkdY\ qufqHa&;onf vHk;0 ajymif;vJoGm;acsNyD/ tjzLESifh trnf;uJhokdY jcm;em;oGm;avNyD/ olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;tm;vHk;onf ,cktcsdefü [lusif;udk ½kdaoav;pm;pGm qufqH aeMuNyD jzpfonf/ [lusi;f onf xkt d cgusrS qkYd csi;f pl;udk owd&NyD; ar;jref;Munfh vku d rf o d nf/ [lusi;f ar;vdu k o f nfh tcsed w f iG f qdkYcsif;pl; r&Sdawmh/ olwkdYtm;vHk; q,f[kdvHk twkudpö &Sif;vif;aeckduf xGufajy; wdrf;a&SmifoGm;acsNyD/ tcef;wGif;odkY a&muf&Sdvmaomtcg [lusif;onf olawmif;pm; *dkPf;\ xdyfoD; yk*¾dKvfrsm;ESifh twllwl ,SOfí xkdifvkdufonf/ csLusL;onfvnf; [lusif;\ab;ü vmxkdifonf/ olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm;u taMumajzay;vkdufojzifh taMumajyoGm;NyD jzpfavonf/ [lusif; yxr ar;vkdufonfh ar;cGef;rSm ol\ arG;pm;zcifMuD; &SufpGef; rnfonfhtajctae &Sdaeygoenf; [lonfh ar;cGef;om jzpfawmhonf/ 801
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;onf oufjyif;&SnfMuD;wpfcsufukd csvkdufonf/ NyD;aemuf [lusif;tm; av;pm;pGmjzifh &Sif;jyonf/ ]]csef½dk ...cavmufqefvdkufwJh twGufaMumifh usKyfwdkY tm;vHk; odkif;avmuu rdwfaqGudk rsufESmawmif rjy&Jawmhbl;? usKyfwkdY olawmif;pm;*dkPf;MuD;&JU oufwrf;wpfavQmufrSm t&SufwuGJ tusKd;enf;qHk; jzpfcJh&wJh tjzpfMuD;ygyJ? *dP k ;f csKyfMuD;udk usKyfwYkd trSet f wdik ;f ajymjyyghr,f? &Supf eG ;f eJY csLusL; ESpaf ,mufpvH;k udk 'Dac:vmcJw h m rSef ygw,f? tJ'w D ek ;f u q&mMuD; &Supf eG ;f [m a&m*gxçaeygw,f? olY ckwifaf y:rSm arhvaJ ewm awGU&vkYd usKyfwYdk u oludk wkdufawmif rwdkuf ckduf&awmhbJeJY 'Dudk ta&mufac:vmEkdifcJhw,f? 'gayr,hf vGefcJhwJh &Spf &ufavmufu q&mMuD; &SufpGef;[m tapmifhESpfa,mufudk owfNyD; 'Dae&muae xGufajy;oGm;cJhygw,f? 'Dpum;awG[m tm;vHk; trSefawG ygyJ}} [lusif;onf odkif;ynma&;rSL;\ pum;udk ,HkMunfvkdufonf/ ]]'Dvkdqkd&if uRefawmfh tazMuD; tck b,fudka&mufaeNyDvJ qkdwm rodawmhbl;aygh}} okdif;ynm oifMum;a&;rSL;onf acgif;cgjyvkdufavonf/ xkdY aemuf [lusif;\ *dkPf;om;jzpfaom a0vif;ukd vTwfvkduf&ef trdefY ay;vkdufonf/ vlra&mufvmrD a0vif;\ toHu pl;&SpGmjzifh t&ifOD;qHk; a&muf&Sdvmonf/ ]]cifAsm;wdkY olawmif;pm;awG[m usKyfudk vmnmaeMujyefNyD? usKyfwdkY&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD; usef;[lusif;[m tifrwef jrifhjrwfwJhvl? tckvkd npfywfpkwfayNyD; ,kwf,kwfnHhnhH ae&mrsKd;udk b,fawmhrS rvmbl;? [m; [m; [m; cifAsm;wkdYu b,favmufnmnm usKyfu r,Hkbl;}} a0vif;\ pum;rsm;onf olawmif;pm; *dP k ;f om;rsm;\ *kPo f u d m© udk vH;k 0 ESrd chf s ajymqdv k u kd jf cif; jzpfojzifh tm;vHk;\ rsufESm wGif &SufaoG; wufMuGoGm;Muonf/ [lusif;onf a0vif;\ pdwf"mwfudk tvGef auseyfoabmus oGm;ojzifh csufcsif;yif ae&mrSxí tcef;0odkY oGm;a&mufMudKqkdvkduf avonf/ ]]a0vif; ...ig 'DrSm &Sdw,f? 'D&ufawG twGif;rSmawmh rif;awmf awmfav; 'ku©cHvkduf&yHk &w,f}} a0vif;onf usef;[lusif;udk awGUvkduf&aomftcg tvGef tHhMovSojzifh yg;pyf;ta[mif;om; jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ odkYaomf olY trlt&mrsm;onf tHhMoonfh trlt&mrS tvGef 0rf; ajrmuf0rf;om jzpfoGm;onfh trlt&mokdY wjznf;jznf; ajymif;oGm;um [lusif;&Sd&modkY tm;&yg;& ajy;vmawmhonf/ [lusif;em; a&mufonf ESifh 'l;axmufxkdifcsum t½kdtao ay;vkdufawmhonf/ EIwfrSvnf; tm;&auseyfpGm ajymvkdufonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; wu,fyJ a&mufvmwmudk;? 0rf;omvkdufwm? uRefawmfawmh ajymrjyEkdifavmufatmif 0rf;omwmyJ? *dkPf;csKyfMuD; 'D olawmif;pm;awG tm;vHk;udk tjrefqHk; trdefYcsNyD; okwfoif &Sif;vif; vkdufyg? olwkdY tm;vHk;[m uRefawmfwkdY tvif;rmef*dkPf;udk zsufqD;zkdY MuHaewJh vlawGcsnf;yJ}} usef;[lusif;onf NyHK;í 'l;axmufaeaom a0vif;udk qGJxlí xckdif;vkdufonf/ ]]a0vif; ...olwYdk[m vlvrd v f n l mawG&UJ vSnu hf u G u f kd cHvu dk &f vkYd tckvkd wpfa,mufeYJ wpfa,muf txifrmS ; tjrifrSm;jzpfcJhMu&wmyg? tck tm;vHk; wpfa,mufeJY wpfa,muf em;vnfrI &SdoGm;MuygNyD/ igh rsufESmudk axmufxm;NyD; olwkdYudk pdwfrqkd;ygeJYawmhvkdY ig awmif;yefygw,f}} olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm;onfvnf; a0vif;ESifh *dkPf;csKyfMuD; usef;[lusif;wkdY tjyeftvSef pum;ajym aeMuonfudk avhvm tuJ cwfaeMuonf/ usef;[lusif;\ iJhn§maxmufxm;aom pdwfESifh nD&if; uJhodkY qufqHaeaom tjyKtrlrsm;udk awGU&aomtcg usef;[lusif; tay: tvif;rmef*dkPf;om;rsm; opöm&SdMuyHkudk rtHhMordMuawmhacs/ a0vif;onf [lusif;\ awmif;yefpum;aMumifh ol\ a'gorsm;udk csKyfwnf;xm;vkdufawmhonf/ olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm;onfvnf; [lusif;wkdYtm; pm;aomuf zGG,f&mrsm;ESifh wnfcif; {nfhcHMuNyD; tu,fí [lusif;uom olwkdY\ tultnD vkdtyfcJhygvQif olwkdYonf tcsdefra&G;vma&muf ulnDygrnf[k uwdpum; ajymMum;Muonf/ [lusif;ESifhtwl rGef*dkrsm;udk wkduf xkwfrnf jzpfaMumif;vnf; xyfrH uwdjyKMuonf/ 802
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;wkdY oHk;a,muf olawmif;pm;*kdPf; XmecsKyfrS xGufcGmvm Muaomtcg olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om; tm;vHk;onf cifrif&if;ESD;pGmjzifh vufjy EIwfquf usef&pfcJhMuonf/ olwdkYonf jrif;udk,fpDjzifh awmifykdif;odkY qif;vmcJhMuonf/ a0vif;onf [lusif;ESifh csLusL;wkdYudk ocifESifh ocifrozG,f ½kdaoav;pm;pGmjzifh jyKpkay;onf/ þrQ jyKpk&ef rvdkaMumif; [lusif;u wm;jrpfaomfvnf; r&ay/ [lusif;onf c&D;ESifaepOftwGif;rSmyif xkdaeYu &SufpGef;ESifh csLusL;wkdY tzrf;cH&yHkudk aocsm*epGm ar;jref;vdkufonf/ csLusL;uvnf; tjynfhtpHk &Sif;jyonf/ xkdaeYu [lusif; wnf;ckd cef;rS xGufcGmoGm;NyD;onfhaemuf &SufpGef;onf wpfukd,fvHk; wkefwkef ,if,if jzpfvmNyD; aygufu& pum;rsm;udk avQmufajymawmhonf/ olru aMumuf½GHUvmojzifh acsmharmh ESpfodrfhygaomfvnf; rtdyfbJ ZGwf twif;yif ajymcsif&m pum;udk avQmufajymonf/ xkdYaemuf tcef;xJü ckefaygufae&if;rS aysmhacG vJusoGm;awmhonf/ xk d t csd e f r S m yif ol a wmif ; pm;*d k P f ; om;rsm;onf ½k w f w &uf ck e f 0 if v mNyD ; ol r rnf o d k Y rQ rvIyf&Sm;vdkufEkdifrDrSmyif taMumxkd;ydwf cHvkduf &onf/ þodkYjzifh &SufpGef;a&m olryg olawmif;pm;*dkPf;odkY a&muf&Sdvm& jcif; jzpfawmhonf/ [lusif;onf csLusL;\ pum;rsm;udk em;axmifNyD;aomtcg aumif;pGm em;vnfrdonf/ tb,f a Mumif h q k d a omf ol Y tazMuD ; &S u f p G e f ; taMumif ; ud k ol o d a omaMumif h jzpf o nf / ol Y tazMuD;&SufpGef;onf ckESpfqifh vufoD; odkif;udk avhusifhcJhojzifh cE¨mudk,f\ taMum ckESpfckae&mwGif xdckduf 'Pf&m&cJh&onf/ xkd'Pf&m 'Pfcsufrsm;aMumifh wpfcgwpf&H ½l;oGyf ouJhodkY pdwfazmufjyefwufayonf/ ,cktcsdefwGif &SufpGef; rnfonfhae&modkY a&muf&Sdaernfudk [lusif;a&m csLusL;yg rpOf;pm;wufatmif jzpfaeawmhonf/ xkdtcg [lusif;u ... ]]aejynfawmf[m vlaygif;pHkwJh ae&myJ? vlpHkwJh ae&mrSm owif;pHk &Edkifw,f? tck igwdkY awmifykdif;udk qif;&rSmqkdawmh aejynfawmfudk jzwf&OD;rSmyJ? 'Dawmh aejynfawmfrSm c&D;wpfaxmufavmuf em;NyD; tazMuD;udk pHkprf;&r,f}} csLusL;url EIwfcrf;udk raphwaphvkyfí oa&mfNyHK;uav; NyHK;vkduf NyD; ... ]][if; ...tpfudk[lusif; aejynfawmfudk oGm;csifwm taMumif;&Sdygw,f? uRefr rodbl; rSwfaeovm;}} [lusif;onf csLusL; rnfonfudk &nf½G,fí ajymaeonfudk &dyfrdojzifh rsufESmwpfjyifvHk; &JceJ jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ odkYaomf olY pum;udkrl tckdiftrm qufajymvkdufonf/ ]]rif;xifovdk r[kwyf gbl; csLusL;&,f? wu,fvYdk aejynfawmfukd a&muf&if vif;qGrJ if; a0&dwYdk ? vuf,m&H zef;a&mifwdkY vuf0J&H &efa&mifwkdYudk awGUr,f? olwdkYu tm;vHk;u ighudk 0kdif;NyD; ul&Smay; Edkifwmaygh}} csLusL;url tavQmhray; qufajymonf/ ]]tHr,f ...rdef;uav;wpfa,mufqkd&if tpfudk[lusif;&JU vlawG xufawmif ydkawmfao;w,f? olYukdom &Smcdkif; tpfukd[lusif;&JU taz MuD;udk usdef;ao jyefawGU&r,f}} [lusif;onf csLusL;u þuJhokdY ausmufrdefESifh apmif;csdwfí ajymqkdav wpfckaemufykdif; bk&m;ausmif;wGif ausmufrdefESifh awGUqHkcJh&yHkudk rajym&Jav jzpfae&awmhonf/ odkYaomf ...olu csLusL;udk vSrf; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]csLusL; rif;[m wpfcsdefvHk; ausmufrdefudkyJ owd&aeygvm;? ighudk ausmufrdefeJYyJ aemufaew,f}} ]]tif; ...uRefr rarhEkdifwmu xm;ygOD;? wjcm;vl wpfa,mufu rarhwmu cufaew,f}} [lusif;onf csLusLESifh pum;qufrajym&Jawmh/ [lusif;wkdYonf aemufqHk; NrdKUav;wpfNrdKUodkY a&muf&SdvmMuonf csLusL;u ... ]]uRefrwkdY vrf;avQmufMu&atmifaemf}} ]]aumif;om;yJ? avQmufMuwmaygh}} olwdkYESpfa,mufonf wpfa,mufvuf wpfa,mufwGJí NrdKUjyifodkY avQmufvmcJhMuonf/ aerif ; MuD ; onf taemuf u Ref ; ü 0if v k v k j zpf a eacsNyD / naeqnf ; qm\ tvS t yrsm;onf olwdkYESpfa,muf\ pdwfESvHk;udk odrf;MuHK;qGJ ,lvsuf &Sdaeayonf/ 803
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xkdtcsdefusrS [lusif;onf ausmufrdefESifh awGUcJhyHk? ol\ OD;av; armfukqef;\ tavmif;udk awGUcJhyHk ponfwkdYudk tptqHk; ajymjyvkduf awmhonf/ aemufqHk;wGif csLusL;\ vufuav;ESpfbufudk olu qkyfudkifum ... ]]csLusL; ...rif;[m igh&JU ZeD;avmif;yJ? 'Dawmh ightaeeJY rif;udk bmrS xdef0Sufp&m rvkdygbl;? ausmufrdefu ighudkwpfckawmif;qkdae w,f? olu tazMuD;eJYawGhNyD; pum;ajymcsifw,fwJh tck ig pOf;pm; Munfhawmh ig odyfaMumufw,f}} ]]tpfudku bmudk aMumufwmvJ[if}} csLusL;\ toHrsm;onf wkefwkef,if,if jzpfaeNyD; [lusif;\ qkyfukdifxm;jcif; cH&aom vufESpfbufrSm at;pufvsuf &Sad eacsNyD/ [lusif;url þtcsufrsm;udk vH;k 0 owdrjyKrdbJ olajymvk&d mudo k m qufajymaeawmhonf/ ]]igxifwmu tazMuD; t½l;a&m*g azmufjyefNyD; nDrav; tm;vDudk owfvkdufwmudk ausmufrdefu odaevdkYrsm;vm;vkdY}} ]]tkd ...b,fvkdvkyf jzpfEkdifrSmvJ? tazMuD;u tm;vDudk odyfcspfwJh Opöm}} ]][kwfygw,f? igu tazMuD; owfw,fvdkY wpfxpfcs ,Hkvkduf wm r[kwfygbl;? jzpfaumif; jzpfEkdifwmudk pOf;pm;Munhfwmyg}} ]][ift h if; ...tpfukd pOf;pm;wm b,fvrdk S rjzpfEidk yf gbl;? uRerf wkYd tm;vH;k taMumaysmt h qdyf rdxm;MuwJOh pöm? 'DtaMumaysmh tqdyf tcwfcH&wmuaum b,folY vufcsufvJ}} [lusif;onf rnfonfh pum;udkrQ rajymEkdifawmh/ csLusL;u at;pufpGmjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tpfudku enf;trsKd;rsKd;eJY ausmufrdef tjypfvGwfatmif vkyfaewmyJ}} ]]igu tjypfvGwfatmif vkyfay;aewm r[kwfbl;? rif;vJ pOf;pm; MunfhygtHk;? olom w&m;cH tppfqkd&if tazMuD;udk ta0;u a&Smifajy; awmhrSmaygh? ol ...tazMuD;udk b,f&ifqkdif&JrvJ? &ifqkdif&Jwmudku olYvdyfjym oefYaew,fqkdwmudk jyaewmyJ}} csLusL;u ½kww f &uf [lusi;f \ &ifciG w f iG ;f rSv D u dk o f nf/ olr\ avoHonfvnf; EI;nHh aysmah ysmif;oGm;um ... ]]tpfudk[m ...'DavmuMuD;xJrSm t½kd;om;qHk; vlwpfa,muf jzpfrSmyJ? OmPf&nfrSmawmh tpfudk[m ausmufrdefxuf b,fawmhhrS romEdkifbl;? odkif;ynmrSmyJ olYxuf tpfudkomr,f}} [lusif;onf oufjyif;wpfcsuf csvkdufonf/ olr\ pum;rsm; onf tvGef rSefvSayonf/ csLusL;\ cE¨mukd,fuav;udk tomt,m ayGUzufvkduf&if; wdk;nif;aom avoHuav;jzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]csLusL;&,f ...igawmh pdwfnpf&vGef;vdkY vlYavmuMuD;xJawmif ajy;xGufoGm;csifaeNyD? 'DrGef*dkawGudk wkdufxkwfNyD;&ifawmh rif;eJY ig awmxJoGm;NyD; ESpfa,mufwnf; aeMur,faemf? b,favmuf at;csrf; vkdufrvJ}} ]]b,fjzpfEkdifrvJ? tpfudk tvif;rmef*dkPf;&JU acgif;aqmifMuD;yJ Opöm? wu,fvkdY rGef*dkawGudk wkdufxkwfNyD;&if tpfudkyJ wkdif;jynfudk tkyfcsKyf&awmhrSm}} [lusif;onf pdwfysufvufysufjzifh acgif;udkom wGifwGifMuD; cg,rf;aeawmhonf/ ]]igu tpuwnf;u *dkPf;csKyf vkyfcsifwmrS r[kwfwm? igu at;at;aq;aq;yJ aecsifwJhvl? igh*dkPf;csKyfae&mudk olrsm;udk ay;ypf vkduf&if jyóem at;oGm;rSmyJ}}
804
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tcef;(90) r*FvmaeYjrwf [lusif;onf qufrajymawmhbJ csLusL;\ ycHk;av;udkom ayGUzufNyD; NidrfoufpGm aevkdufawmhonf/ olonf wu,fyif at;csrf;pGm aevkdol jzpfygonf/ odkYaomf ol NidrfoufpGmae&ef tajctaeu ray;ay/ olonf csLusL;\ vufpGyfuav;udk udkifvkdufrdojzifh ... ]]csLusL; ...[kdaeYwkef;u csef½kd&JU vufxJrSm 'DvufpGyfudk awGUvkduf&w,f i,fxdyfudk aNrGaygufoGm;ovdk jzpfoGm;rdwmyJ? rif; twGuf ig b,favmuf pdwfyl&w,f qkdwmudk rif;odrSm r[kwfbl;/ rif;qDudk tawmifwyfNyD; iSufawGvkdom ysHvmvkdufcsifawmhwmyJ? 'geJY 'DvufpGyfudk b,fvkd jyef&vkdufovJ[if}} ]][lwef;*dkPf;u qdkYcsif;pl; jyefay;vkdY uRefr jyef&vkdufwmyg}} xkdaeYu csLusL;ESifh qkdYcsif;pl;wkdY twlwlxkdifaeMuonfudk jyefvnf owd&vkdufrdonf/ ]]ajymr,fom ajym&w,f? qkdYcsif;pl;u rif;tay:rSmawmh awmfawmfuav; aumif;&Smom;aemf}} csLusL;onf a'goxGufonfh avoHuav;jzifh ... ]]bmaumif;wmvJ}} ]]ig&JU *dkPf;wltpfudk qdkYcsif;pl;[m rif;udk wu,fyJ pGJpGJvef;vef; wpfbufowf cspfae&Smwm? tcspfrSm rsufpdrygbl;qkdwm odyfrSefwmyJ? rif;udk cspfwJhpdwfeJY udk,f&JU *dkPf;u vlMuD;rdbawGudkawmif vkyfMuHzkdY oabmwlcJhwm}} csLusL;onf aumif;uifMuD;rS xGufay:vmp aiGpE´mvrif;MuD;udk Munfhvsuf aqG;jrnfhpGm ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tpfudkuom olY&JU wpf0ufavmuf uRefrudk cspf&if uRefr aoaysmfygNyD}} 805
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]igu olYavmufawmh rkdufrdkufuef;uef; rcspf&Jygbl;? csLusL;&,f olu rsufuef;wapÅraMumuf qkdovkd bmudkrS rpOf;pm;bJ tcspfwpfck wnf;udkom Munhfaewmudk;? olvkdawmh rif;twGufeJY udk,hf*dkPf;? ukd,hf q&morm;? udk,hfrdbawGudk opömazmufwJhtxdawmh rcspfEdkifygbl;? 'gayr,fh ...}} csLusL;onf tvsifpvkd 0ifajymvkdufonf/ ]][if; ...tpfudku uRefrtwGufeJYawmh 'Dvkd rvkyfEkdifayr,fh [kd ausmufrdefqkdwJh aumifrav;twGufawmh vkyfEkdifw,f r[kwfvm;? uRef;ay:rSmwkef;u tpfudk uwdjyKxm;wm arhoGm;NyDvm;? ausmufrdefudk awGU&if tm;vDtwGuf wdkufcdkufay;r,fvkdY uwday;xm;cJhwmudkav? tck ausmufrdefudkvJ awGUa&m uwdvJ arha&m}} ]]csLusL; ...'gudkawmh pdwfcsyg? 'Dudpöudk ig taotcsm pHkprf;ae vkdYyg? wu,fvkdY 'D"m;ESpfvufudk ausmufrdef wu,fckd;oGm;w,fqkd&if aemufNyD; tm;vDvJ ausmufrdef&JU vufcsufeJY ao&w,fqkd&if ig olYudk rn§mygbl;? owfudk owfr,f? 'gayr,fh tjypfr&Sd&ifawmh ig vHk;0 rowfEdkifbl;}} csLusL;onf vH;k 0 EIwq f w d o f mG ;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf csLusL; EIwq f w d o f mG ;onfudk owdjyKvku d rf o d jzifh ... ]]csLusL; ...bmjzpfvkdYvJ? igajymwm rSm;oGm;vkdYvm;}} ]][ifhtif; ...r[kwfygbl;? uRefr 0rfzm; bk&m;ausmif;rSm tzrf;cH xm;&wkef;u uRefr&JU q&mrudk uwday;cJhwmawGudk jyefowd&vkdufrdvkdYyg}} [lusif;onf ½kwfw&uf wkefvIyfoGm;onf/ tb,faMumifh qkdaomf rsufMuG,f r,foDv&SifMuD;onf olYudk tvGefrkef;wD;aeol r[kwfygavm/ xkdYaMumifh rnfodkY usdefqJ&onfudk ar;jref; vkdufawmhonf/ csLusL;u rsufMuG,f r,foDv&SifMuD;\ &ufpufí aMumufrufzG,f aumif;vSaom usdefpmwdkYudk jyefajymif;ajymjyawmhonf/ [lusif;onfvnf; xkdusdefpmrsm;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg wkefvIyf acsmufcsm;oGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf twefMumonf txd pum;rajymEkdifbJ jzpfoGm;&onf/ aemufrS ... ]]csLusL; ...'gudk twnf,lvdkY b,fjzpfrvJ? tJ'Dwkef;u usdefckdif;wmu rif;&JU q&mrMuD;u ighukd vlqkd;? vl,kwfrmvkdY xifaecJvkdY usdefckdif;wmyJOpöm? olom tjzpfrSefawGudkvJ odr,f? ig&JU pdwf&if; oabm&if;udkvJ odr,fqkd&if b,f'Dvkd usdefckdif;vdrfhrvJ}} [lusif;\ pum;rsm;aMumifh tusKd;oif taMumif;oifh &SdvSonf rSefaomfvnf; csLusL;rSmrl ajym&if; ajym&if; rsuf&nfrsm;yif pdrfhxGuf vmawmhonf/ ]]'gayr,fh tck olrS rodawmhwmyJOpöm}} olronf ajymajymqkdqkdESihfyif [lusif;\ &ifcGifxJodkY wkd;0ifí idkaMuG;avawmhonf/ [lusif;onf csLusL;twGuf rsm;pGm pdwfxdcdkuf oGm;&onf/ olr\ qHyifrsm;udk nifompGm yGwfoyfay;NyD; ... ]]'Davmuf rpdk;&dyfygeJY csLusL;&,f? tckavmufqkd&if [lusif;qkdwJh aumif[m b,fvkd vlpm;rsKd;vJ qkdwmudk rif;&JU q&mru wrvGefb0 uae odaeygNyD/ wrvGef b0uae wkdYudk oabmwlNyD; qkrGefaumif; awmif awmif;ay;aeOD;rSmaygh? igu &m*krwÅuav;rS r[kwfwm}} csLusL;onf [lusif;\ cg;udk zuf&if; EGJUEGJUuav; ajymvkdufjyef onf/ ]]tckawmh r[kwfao;ygbl;aygh? ausmufrdefeJY awGU&ifawmh &m*krwÅuav; jzpfcsif jzpfoGm;rSmaygh r[kwfbl;vm;}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ yg;uav;udk remrusif qGJnp§ f vkdufonf/ ]][if; ...[if; ...[if; ...? rif;uawmif ightay: 'Davmuftxif ao;aewmudk;? udk,fh&JU cifyGef;avmif;udk 'Dvkd ajym&ovm;}} csLusL;onf [lusif;udk armhMunhfvkdufonf/ olr\ rsufESmonf rsuf&nfrsm;jzifhpGwfpdk 0if;vufaeonf/ olr\ rsufvHk;rsm;url MunfEI;rI tNyHK;rsm;jzifh ½Tef;pdk aeonf/ olru NyHK;NyHK;uav; ajymvkduf onf/
806
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf olrudk ayGhzufvkdufNyD; csLusL;\ pdk;&drfaMumifhMurI rsm;udk ajyaysmufoGm;ap&ef tm;ay;pum; ajym&awmhonf/ ]]csLusL; ...tazMuD;udk igwkdY&SmvdkYawGU&if csufcsif; vufxyfvkduf Mur,f? [kwfvm; tJ'Dawmh rif;eJYig b,fvkdrS ruGJuGmEdkifawmhbl;? tJ'D tcsdefus&if "m;eJY xyfxkd;csifao;oyqkd&ifvJ xkd;aygh? iguawmh rif;udk avoHrmrmeJYawmif ajymrSm r[kwfygbl;? ,Hkyg csLusL;&,f}} csLusL;onf olr\ yg;uav;ukd [lusif;\ &ifbwfESifh uyf xm;vdkufNyD; ... ]]tpfudk&JU pum;udk tpfudk tNrJrSwfxm;ygaemf? arhrypf&bl;}} olwkdYESpfa,mufonf xkdae&mav;üyif twefMumonftxd aevdkufMuao;onf/ wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; cspfcif,k,pGm Munfp,fvkduf Muao;onf/ rdk;tawmfcsKyfoGm;onfh ntcgusrSom wnf;cdkcef;odkY jyefvmcJh Muawmhonf/ ÄÄÄ wpfrdk;aomufcJhjyefacsNyD/ a&mifeDay:onfESifh [lusif;wdkY c&D; pxGufcJhMuawmhonf/ olwkdY awmifykdif;odkY ta&mufoGm;Mu&ayrnf/ c&D;vrf; wpfavQmufvHk;wGif ausmufrdefudk t&dyfta,mifrQyif rawGU&ay/ rsm;rMumrD aejynfawmfodkY a&muf&Sdvmawmhonf/ olwdkY aejynfawmfodkY 0ifvkdufonfESifh wpfNrdKUvHk;udk MuD;us,f crf;em;pGm jyifqifxm;onfudk awGUjrifvkdufMu&onf/ aeYxl;aeYjrwfMuD; wpfck qif,if usif;yawmhrnfh yHkoP²mefrsKd; jzpfaeonf/ [lusif;onf wpfNrdKUvHk; tHk;tHk;uRufuRuf qlqlnHnH jzpfaeonfh udpEö Sifh yufowfí wnf;cdkcef;ykdif&Siftm; pHkprf;Munhfvkdufrdonf/ xkdtcgusrS taMumif;&if;udk od&awmhonf/ þaeYu rGe*f b kd &k ifMuD;onf wpfEpS w f pfcg aejynfawmfoYkd wkid ;f cef;vSnv hf nfí bk&m;ausmif;okYd oGm;a&muf 0wfjyKaom aeYxl; aeYjrwfMuD;yifwnf;/ [lusif;onf tcsdeftcg r[kwfbJ ½kef;&if;qefcwf jzpfrnfudk rvdkvm;ojzifh wnf;cdkcef; twGif;üom tcef;atmif aevdkufawmhonf tcef;ratmif;ívnf; rjzpfacs/ olYukd rGef*dk bk&if\ ppfwyfu aumif; pGm od&Sdxm;onf/ olom aejynfawmfudk a&muf&SdaerSef;odvQif bk&ifMuD;udk vkyfMuH&ef a&muf&Sdvmonf[k xifrSwf oGm;MurnfrSm aocsmvSawmhonf/ xkdodkY jzpfoGm;vQif jyóem rjzpfoifhbJESifh MuD;rm;aom t½IyftaxG; MuD;rsm; jzpfay:vmapEkdifayonf/ aemufwpfaeY eHeufwGif [lusif;xHodkY zef[dkqefY a&muf&Sdvm awmhonf/ [lusif;onf olYvuf½Hk;rsm; þrQ rsufpd&Sif? em;yg;Muonfudk tvGef tm;&oGm;rdonf/ ol aejynfawmfodkY a&mufonfrSm rMumao;/ olY owif;udk olYvuf½Hk;rsm;u axmufvSrf; od&SdcJhMuavNyD/ xkdYaMumifh zef[dkqefY vma&muf qufoG,fjcif; r[kwfygvm;/ zef [ d k q ef Y u tajctae t&yf & yf u d k &S i f ; vif ; ajymjyonf / zef [ d k q ef Y \ ajymjycsuf r sm;t& w½kwfjynfwpfvHk;&Sd awmfvSefa&; tiftm;pkrsm;\ tajctaeonf vGefpGm tm;aumif;aeaMumif; odvkduf &awmhonf/ olwkdYonf t"duusaom jynfolrsm;\ axmufcHtm;ay; rIudk tawmfrsm;rsm; &&SdaeMuayNyD/ zef[dkqefYu [lusif;tm; owday; pum; ajymMum;vkdufonf/ ]]*dP k ;f csKyfMuD; ...toGm;tvmudk qifjcifygaemf? usKyfwYdk &UJ awmfveS af &;MuD;udk atmifjrif&if *dP k ;f csKyfMuD;[m wkdif;jynf&JU bk&ifwpfyg; jzpf&awmhrSm? 'gudk rvkdvm; r½IpdwfwJhvlawG &Sdaeygw,f? *dkPf;csKyfMuD; taeeJY owdxm;EkdifrS awmf½HkusrSyg}} xkdtcg a0vif;onf vufckyfvuf0g;wD;í 0rf;omtm;& ajymvkdufawmhonf/ ]]tJ'D tcsdefus&ifawmh *dkPf;csKyfMuD;u bk&ifMuD;jzpfae? csLusL;u bk&ifr jzpfae? q&mMuD; zef[dkqefYwkdY &efa&mifwkdYu rSL;MuD;rwfMuD;awG jzpfae? [m; ...[m; ...[m; ... b,favmufaumif;vdkufovJ *dkPf;csKyfMuD;}} 808
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csLusL;\ rsuEf mS uav;onf &JceJ jzpfomG ;awmhonf/ &Supf Ed;k trlt&mjzifh acgif;udk iHx k m;vku d af wmhonf/ [lusif;url ol\ vufudk cg,rf;vkdufNyD; ... ]]rif; pdwful; odyf,OfraeeJY? igu b,fawmhrS bk&ifvkyfrJhaumif r[kwfbl;}} zef [ d k q ef Y u tvif ; rmef * d k P f ; MuD ; \ vuf & S d tajctaersm;ud k ajymjyvk d u f o nf / tvif ; rmef *dkPf;om;rsm;onf w½kwfjynf tESHtjym; te,fe,f t&yf&yfü rGef*dkrsm;udk wkdufcdkufawmfvSefvsuf &Sdaeonf/ EdkifyGJrsm;&SdouJhodkY ½IH;yGJrsm;vnf; &SdcJhonfom/ ½IH;yGJrsm; &SdcJh&jcif;rSmvnf; taMumif;rsm;&SdcJhí jzpfonf/ odkif;avmurS wpfcsKdUaom *dkPf;MuD;rsm;onf remvdk 0efwkdpdwfrsm; &Sdaeojzifh wpfcsKdUae&mrsm;ü pdwf0rf;uGJcJh&NyD; ½IH;edrfhrIrsm; &ifqdkifMu& awmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh odkif;avmu twGif;&Sd *dkPf;aygif;pHk tpnf;ta0;MuD; wpfck usif;y&ef vkdtyfaeNyD;? rGef*dk awmfvSefa&;MuD; atmifjrifa&; twGuf wpfpdwfwpf0rf;wnf; aqmif½GufEdkif&ef pkpnf; vIHUaqmfay;Edkif&ef rsm;pGm tusKd;jzpfxGef;EdkifaMumif; zef[dkqefYu [lusif;tm; wifjy ajymqkdavonf/ [lusif;u þtcsufudk vufcHonf/ *dkPf;MuD;ajcmuf*dkPf;rS odkif;tausmftarmfrsm;udk u,fwifNyD;p tcsdefwkef;uyif rGef*dk awmfvSefa&;twGuf rsKd;cspfodkif;orm;rsm; taejzifh pkpkpnf;pnf; &Sd&efwkdufwGef; awmif;yef cJhao;onf r[kwfygvm;/ xkdYaMumifh zef[dkqefYu ajymvkdufonf/ ]][kwfw,f ...'DtMuHodyfaumif;w,f? rGef*dkawGudk awmfvSefwJh ae&mrSm awmfvSefwJhvlu awmfvSef? uysuf,ysuf vkyfoluvkyf? wuGJwjym;pD jzpfaeMuvkdYuawmh b,fvkdrS atmifjrifrSm r[kwfbl;? tm;vHk; wpfpw k a0;MuD; pkppk nf;pnf; awmfveS rf o S m vH;k 0 atmifjrif Ekid rf ,f? wcsKdU*dP k ;f MuD;awG[m nDnw T jf cif;&JU tiftm;udk vHk;0 em;rvnfMubl;? zef;a&mifwkdY &efa&mifwdkYeJY awGUNyD;wJhtcg 'Dudpöudk aumif;aumif; aqG;aEG;&r,f}} naecsrf;odkY a&muf&Sdvmaomtcg [lusif;ESihf zefY[dkqefYwdkYonf NrdKUwGif;ü tajctaersm;udk vSnfhvnf pHkprf;&ef wnf;cdkcef;rS xGufvm cJhMuonf/ olonf vlcGJí pHkprf;axmufvSrf;&ef qHkjzwfvkdufMuojzifh wpfa,mufu ta&SUbufodkY vnf;aumif;? wpfa,mufu taemuf bufodkY vnf;aumif; cGJí xGufvmcJhMuawmhonf/ csLusL;ESifh a0vif;wkdY twGufrl avmavmq,fq,f aqmif&Guf&ef rnfonfh taMumif;rQ r&Sdojzifh wnf;cdkcef;wGifyif csefaecJhMuav onf/ [lusif;onf ajcOD;wnf&m avQmufvSrf;vm&if; vl&Sif;onfh qifajczHk; t&yfodkY wjznf;jznf; a&muf&Sdvmawmhonf/ xkdt&yf ywf0ef;usifudk owdjyKvdkufrdojzifh ½kwfw&uf acgif;udk armhMunhf vkufrdonf/ rdrd\ a&SSUwl½l t&yfwGif rdrdESifh ausmufrdefwdkY t&ufaomufcJhzl; onfh a[mif;EGrf; pkwfcsmvSonhf t&ufqkdifuav;udk awGU&Sdvkduf& awmhonf/ [lusif;onf pdwfxJrS wD;wkd; ajymvkdufrdonf/ ]]b,fuae b,fvdk 'Dbufudk avQmufvmrdcJhygvdrfh? ig[m wu,fyJ ausmufrdefudk rarhEdkifatmif jzpfaeNyDvm;}} [lusif;onf qkdif\ a&SUcef;udk vSrf;MunfhvkdufaomtcgwGifrl pm;yGJxkd;uav;onf pm;yGJcHkwpfckay:ü arSmuftdyfaeonfudk awGU&Sd vkduf&onf/ xdkpm;yGJxkd; uav;rS ty tjcm; t&ufaomufol wpfOD; wpfa,mufrQ &Sd[ef rwlay/ [lusif;onf qkdifwGif;odkY 0ifvkdufNyD; twGif; ceff;bufodkY avQmuf0ifoGm;rdonf/ xkdtcg olESifh ausmufrdefwdkY twlwl pm;aomuf t&ufaomufcJh Muonfh pm;yGJcHkwGif vlwpfa,muf ausmay;í xkdifaeaMumif; awGU vkduf&awmhonf/ [lusif;onf wpfcsufrQ wkefYceJ jzpfoGm;onf/ odkYaomf vHk;0 r&yfvdkufacs/ xkdvl &Sd&modkY qufí avQmufoGm;rdonf/ [lusif;\ ajcoHaMumifh ausmay;í &yfaeaom vlonf qwfceJ rwfwyf&yfvu kd Nf yD; 0ifvmolukd ½kww f &uf vSrf;Munhfvkdufonf/ 809
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rD;a&mifatmufrS xdkvlum; .../ [lusif;\ tonf;ESvHk;ü vQKdU0Suf ykef;cdkaeonhf rGef*dkrav; ausmufrdef jzpfaeonf r[kwfygu vm;/ [lusif;a&m ausmufrdefyg þae&m þtcsdefü þuJhokdY awGUqHk Mu&vdrfhrnf[k vHk;0 rarQmfvifhrdcJhMu/ þuJhokdY ½kwfw&uf rsufESmcsif;qdkif awGUvkdufMu&aom tcgwGif ESpfOD;vHk; ][m} ceJ jzpfoGm;Muvsuf ausmuf½kyfMuD;rsm;yrm rvIyfr,Suf ai;aMumif &yfrdaeMuawmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf wkd;vGef;vSaom avoHuav;jzihf [lusif;tm; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]&Sif ...&Sif b,fuae b,fvdk a&mufvm&wmvJ}} olr\ toHonf pdwv f yI &f mS ;rIaMumifh wkew f ek , f if,if jzpfae onf/ [lusif;uvnf; owdjyKvku d rf o d nf/ ]]ig ...igvJ NrdKUxJudk tysif;ajy avQmufMunhf&if;eJY 'Dbufukd 0ifvmcJhrdwm? rif; rif; }} [lusif;onf ol\ pum;udk qufrajymEkdifawmh/ xkdYaMumifh ausmufrdef xkdifaeonhf pm;yGJodkY avQmufvmvkdufonf/ pm;yGJay:ü ausmufrdef pm;aomufxm;onfh yef;uef cGufa,muf rsm;tjyif vHk;0 t&mr,Gif;ao;onfh tjcm; yef;uef cGufa,mufwpfpHk csxm;onfudkvnf; awGUvkduf&onf/ [lusif;u ½kwfw&uf ar;vdkufonf/ ]]aemufxyf vlwpfa,muf vmOD;rSmvm;? 'Dvkd qkd&ifvJ igoGm; awmhr,f? EdkYrdkqkd&if igu taESmuft,Suf ay;ovkd jzpfaeOD;r,f}} ausmufrdef\ rsufESm &JceJ jzpfoGm;onf/ ]]&Sifu bmajymwmvJ? t&if wpfacgufawGUwkef;u &SifeJ uRefr ESpfa,muftwlwl pm;aomufcJhMuw,f r[kwv f m;? tckwpfcg uRefr wpfa,mufwnf; jzpfaeawmh &Siu hf kd ...&Siu f kd ...td;k ..uRefrbmom tydk wpfpf o kH ufouf csxm;wmyg}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\ pum;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg tvGef pdwfxdckdufoGm;avawmhonf/ olr\ tonf;ESvHk;ü rnfodkY cHpm;ae& &Smrnfudk pmemod&Sdvkdufawmhonf/ ÄÄÄ [lusif;onf pdwfrxdef;EdkifawmhbJ olr\ vufuav; ESpfbuf udk qkyfukdifrdawmhonf/ ausmufrdefurl olr\ acgif;uav;udk wGifwGifom iHkYxm;vkduf awmhonf/ acgif;iHkYxm;&mrS ryGifhwyGifhuav; ajymvkdufrdonf/ ]]uRefr b,folYudkrS rjypfrwifygbl;? uRefrudk,fyJ uRefr tjypf wifrdygw,f? uRefru bmjzpfvkdY rGef*dk jzpfae&wmvJ[if? w½kwf rdef;uav; rjzpfbJeJ bmjzpfvkdY rGef*dkjzpfae&wmvJ? uRefrudk uRefr odyf0rf;enf;rdw,f? ajymprf;ygOD;&Sif&,f? bmjzpfvkdY uRefru &Sif&JU &efol jzpfae&wmvJ}} ½kww f &uf jywif;wHcg;ayguf tjyifrS ceJYoH a&mjyGr;f aeaom ck;d cd;k cpfcpf &,fow H pfou H kd Mum;vku d &f onf/ wpfpHkwpfckaom ypönf;uvnf; tcef;xJ&Sd rD;tdrfudk ½kdufcwfrdum rD;jidrf;oGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;ESifh ausmufrdefwkdY ESpfa,mufpvHk;u þ&,foHonf csLusL;\ &,foHrSef; odvkdufMuonf/ xkd&,foHaMumifh ESpfa,mufpvHk; ausmuf½kyfrsm;ozG,f awmifhwif; at;pufoGm;Muawmhonf/ bmvkyfí bmudkif&rSef;udkyif rodEdkifawmhavmufatmif jzpfoGm;&onf/ [lusif;taejzihf csLusL;aemufodkY ajy;vdkuf&vQifvnf; tcuf? ausmufrdefESifhtwl qufaevQifvnf; tcuf jzpfaeojzihf rMuHwuf atmif jzpfae&awmhonf/ xkdpOf csLusL;\ ajcoHrSm ta0;okdY a&muf&SdoGm;ayNyD/ ausmufrdefu avoHwkd;wkd;jzifh ar;vkdufonf/ ]]ol ...oleJY aphpyfaMumif;vrf;xm;NyD;NyDqkd ...? [kwfovm; [if}} ]][kwfw,f ...aphpyfxm;NyD;NyD}} ausmufrdefu ñId;EGrf;aom rsufESmjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ 810
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]][dkaeYnu &SifwdkYESpfa,muf opfyifaemufrSm ykef;NyD; MunfEl;ae Muwmudk jrifvdkuf&wkef;u uRefrudk uRefr owfaocsifavmufatmif jzpfcJhrdwm? tJ'Dwkef;u uRefru oa&mfNyD; &,fcJhwmudk olu 'DaeYcsufcsif; taMuG;jyefqyfvkdufwmyJ? 'gayr,fh olwkef;uawmh &Sifu olpdwfcsrf;omr,fh pum;awG ajymcJhao;w,f? uRefrusawmh uRefr pdwfcsrf;omr,fh pum;rsKd; wpfcGef;wavawmif rajymbl; qkdwmawmh olrod ygbll;}} ausmufrdef\ avoHonf aqG;ajrhvSojzifh [lusif; rsm;pGm pdwf raumif; jzpfoGm;rdonf/ xkdYaMumifh ... ]]ausmufrdef ...trSefwu,f qkd&if ig 'Dudk rvmoifhbl;? rif;eJY xyfNyD; awGUzdkY roifhawmfbl;? bmjzpfvkdYvJ qkdawmh igu csLusL;eJY vufxyf&awmhrSm r[kwfvm;? tckvdk rif;udk vmawGUNyD; rif;ukd pdwf raumif;jzpfatmif rvkyfoifhbl;qkdwm igodzkdYaumif;w,f? rif;u rif;orD;? igu odkif;orm;? tajctaecsif;vJ rwlygbl;uG,f? ighvkd vl wpfa,mufudk arhypfvkdufygawmh}} ausmufrdefonf [lusif;\ vufudk ukdifí [lusif;\ vufay:rS olr udkufxm;onfh oGm;&mudk yGwfoyfae&mrS ... ]]'DoGm;&m[m uRefr udkufxm;vkdY usefcJhwJh 'Pf&myJ? &Sifh&JU okdif; ynm b,favmuf awmfawmf? 'D'Pf&muav;udkawmh &Sif b,fawmhrS aysmufatmif vkyfEkdifrSm r[kwfbl;? &Sifh&JU 'D'Pf&muav;udk &Sif udk,f wkid af wmif rvkyEf idk w f ahJ emuf uRerf uvnf; uRerf &JU tonf;ESv;kH u 'Pf&mudk aysmufatmif b,fvyk Ef idk af wmhrmS vJ}} ausmufrdefonf ajymajymqkdqkdESihf [lusif;\ vnfyif;udk okdif;zufvkdufNyD; ½kwfw&uf zduyferf;½Iyf vkdufonf/ [lusif;onf ylaEG;&Sdefjraom tawGUtxdaMumifh awGa0ai;armae rdpOf ausmufrdefu ol\ EIwfcrf;rsm;ukd aoG;pdkYoGm;onftxd iHkudkuf vkdufonfudk cHpm;vkduf&awmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf csufcsif;yif [lusif;\ ycHk;udk cwfMurf;Murf; wGef;xkwfvdkufNyD; ... ]]&Sif[m vlr[kwfbl;? o&J? wapä? ewfrdpäm? uRefr&JU tonf;ESvHk;udk ajAmif;wd ajAmif;qef vkyfaewJhol? rke;f w,f? &Siu hf kd rke;f w,f}} [k aoG;ysufpzG,f atmf[pf&if; jywif;aygufrS ckecf sxGuaf jy; aysmufu, G o f mG ;awmhonf/
811
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(91) aoG;pnf;aom r*FvmaeY a0vif;onf usef;[lusif;ESihf zefY[dkqefYwkdY xGufoGm;NyD;aemuf rsm;rMumrD csLusL;wpfa,mufwnf; xGufoGm;onfudk awGUjrifvkduf &onf/ xkdYaMumifh a0vif;tzdkY wnf;cdkcef;wGif at;aq;pGm tem;r,l EkdifbJ jzpfae&onf/ ol tav;xm;ae&ol oHk;OD; jyeftvmudk wnf;cdk cef; tjyifwGif xdkifapmifhaerdawmhonf/ a[m ...wpfa,mufaomol jyefvmacsNyD/ yxrqHk; jyefvmolum; csLusL;yifwnf;/ olr\ rsufESmonf y0gjzLwpfxnfE, S f jzLa&mfveG ;f aeonf/ vH;k 0 aoG;r&So d uJo h Ykd jzLa&mfaeojzifh a0vif;yif aMumufvefY rdawmhonf/ a0vif;udk *dP k ;f csKyfMuD; uawmf[k owfrw S x f m;&m csLusL;ukd tvGef ½dak oav;pm;onf/ omrmeftcsdeüf yif tvGef av;pm;oljzpf&m ,ckuo hJ Ydk rsufEmS trlt&mudk awGUvku d &f aomtcg tusKd;taMumif;ukd vH;k 0 rar;&Jawmhacs/ csLusL;uvnf; pum;wpfcGef;rS rajymbJ olr\ tcef;xJodkY awmufavQmuf 0ifoGm;NyD; wHcg;udk qGJydwfvkdufawmhonf/ csLusL;\ tjyKtrlrsm;udk Munhfí a0vif;tzdkY rnfodkY rnfyHk aqmif&Guf&rnfudk rodEkdifatmif jzpfaeonf/ tqkd;qHk;tcsufrSm [lusif;ESihf zef[dkqefYwkdY jyefa&mufrvmMuao;jcif;yif jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh usef;[lusif;ESifh zef[dkqefYwdkYudk pdwfylyefpGmjzihf apmifh aepOfrSmyif csLusL;\ tcef;xJrS odrfhceJ wpfcsuf wkefoGm;NyD; ukvm;xkdifudk t&m0w¦K wpfckck vJusoGm;oHudk Mum;vkduf&onf/ a0vif;onf uref;uwef;yif jywif;ayguf0rS tjyifodkY ckefxGufvkdufNyD; csLusL;\ tcef;jywif;rS twGif;odkY vSrf;Munfhvkdufaomtcg avxJwGif wGJavmif; csdwfqGJvsuf ,drf;xkd;aeaom t&m0w¦Kwpfckudk awGUjrifvkduf&awmhonf/ 812
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; a0vif;onf tMuD;tus,f xdwfvefY wkefvIyfoGm;ojzifh uwkefu,if vSrf;atmfrdawmhonf/ ]]rrav; ...rrav;}} csLusL;\ tcef;wGif;rS rnfonhf wkHYjyefrIudkrQ r&aomtcg a0vif;onf jywif;ayguf wHcg;csyfrsm;udk vuf0g;jzifh ½kdufcsKd;vsuf tcef;wGif;odkY ckef0ifvkdufawmhonf/ xkdtcg csLusL;rSm wnf;ckdcef;\ xkwfwef;ay:wGif MudK;wpfacsmif;udk csnfxm;NyD; udk,fhudk,fudk qGJMudK;cs owfaoxm;aMumif; awGUvkduf&awmhonf/ a0vif; tvGef wkefvIyfoGm;onf/ vdyfjym vGifhpOfxGufrwuf aMumuf½GHU wkefvIyfoGm;rd&mrS ½kwfw&uf owd0ifvmNyD; ckefí MudK;udk qGJjzKwfvdkufawmhonf/ csLusL;\ cE¨mudk,fudk ckwifay:okdY jznf;nif;pGm csxm;vkdufonf/ olr\ EmSacgif;0ü vufudkxm;í xGufouf0if oufudk prf;Munhfvkdufaomtcg touf r&SdawmhaMumif; awGUvkduf& awmhonf/ a0vif;onf aMuuGJpdkYeifhpGmjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]jzpfrS jzpf&av rrav;&,f? bmjzpfvkdYrsm; 'Dvkd vkyfvkduf&wmvJ *dkPf;csKyfMuD; jyefvm&if b,fvkd &Sif;jy&awmhrvJ[if}} xkdtcdkuf tcef;tjyifrS ajcoH Mum;vkduf&ojzifh a0vif;onf av\ vsifjrefaom EIef;jzifh tcef;wHcg;udk zGifhay;vkdufonf/ olonf tvGef arQmfvifh awmifhwaecJhaom *dkPf;csKyfMuD; [lusif; jyefa&mufvmacsNyD/ a0vif;onf [lusif;udk jrifvkdufonfESifh wpfjydKif euf atmf[pf ajymvkdufrdonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; jrefjrefvmyg? rrav; csLusL; udk,fhudk,fudk qGJMudK; cs owfaooGm;NyD? vmMunhfygOD;? jrefjref vmMunhfygOD;}} [lusif;onf ol\ i,fxdyfudk rdk;MudK;ypf cHvkduf&ouJhokdY rkdufceJ jzpfoGm;onf/ tcef;wGif;odkY wpf[kefxkd; ajym0ifNyD; csLusL;\ vnfyif;rS MudK;pukd ajzay;vkdufonf/ csLusL;\ &if0udk prf;Munhfvkdufaomtcg olr\ ESvHk;om;onf csnfheJY aES;auG;pGm ckefaeao;onfudk awGUvkduf&ojzifh [lusif; tvGef 0rf;omoGm;rdonf/ [lusif;onf pkd;&drfwMuD;jzifh ab;rS Munhfaeaom a0vif;udk ajymvkdufonf/ ]]udpör&Sdbl;? olYudk u,fEkdifao;w,f? 'Dvkd tajctaersKd; r&SdrSmudk aMumuf&wm? rif;&JU rrav; raoEkdifawmhbl;}} olonf ol\ vuf0g;ESpfbufudk csLusL;\&if0odkY csufatmufwGif uyfxm;um twGif;tm; oGwfoGif;ay;vkdufonf/ xkdcPtwGif;rSmyif csLusL; owd&vmNyD; ½SdKufMuD;wiif idkaMuG; avawmhonf/ a0vif;onf tvGef tHhMooGm;rdonf/ ratmifhEdkifawmhojzifh EIwfrSvnf; atmfvkdufrdonf/ ]]uHaumif;w,f ...odyfuHaumif;wmyJ? rrav; owd&vmNyD rrav; toufjyef&SifvmNyD}} csLusL;onf vHk;0 owdaumif;rGefvmaomtcg olYudk pdk;&drf wMuD; Munhfaeaom [lusif;ukd awGUvkduf&onfESifh ... ]}&Sif ...&Sif ...bmjzpfvkdY uRefrtoufudk u,f&wmvJ? uRefrtzdkY touf&Sifae&wmxuf ao&wmu at;ygw,f? tckawmh ...tckawmh ...}} [k pum;udkyif tqHk;rowfEdkifawmhbJ idkcsvkdufjyefonf/ csLusL;onf ikdae&mrS [lusif;\ rsufESmudk ½kwfw&uf armhMunhf vkdufjyefonf/ [lusif;\ EIwfcrf;wGif aoG;rsm; pdkYaeonfudk awGU&NyD; nDnDnmnm ao;ao;pdyfpdyf oGm;&muav;rsm;udk awGUvkduf&aomtcg jidrf;at;vkeD;eD; a'gotdk;onf 0kef;ceJY xGufvmum [lusif;\ yg;udk jzef;ceJY ½dkwfcsvkdufonf/ a0vif;onf csLusL;udk ½kad o av;pm;onf rSeaf omfvnf; *dP k ;f csKyfMuD; avmufawmh aMumuf½UHG av;pm;onf r[kwfacs/ ol tav;pm;qHk; yk*¾KdvfMuD;tm; yg;csvkdufonfudk awGUjrifvkduf& aomtcg a0vif;onf tMuD;tus,f xdwfvefYoGm;rdawmhonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD;udkawmif yg;½dkufw,f qkdawmh awmf½Hkwef½Hk vltzdkY awmh odyfvG,frSm r[kwfbl;}} 813
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814
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf csLusL;\ rsufESmuav;udk Munhfvkdufonf/ olr\ yg;uav;ESpfbufonf ESif;qD;aoG; zsef;xm;onfhES,f eD&Jaeonf/ jzLazG;aeaom vnfwkdifuav;rSmvnf; MudK;&mrsm;jzifh eD&Jaeonfudk awGU&Sdvkduf&onf/ tu,fí a0vif;om tcsdefrD ru,fEkdifcJhvQif aomfvnf;aumif;? rdrdom tcsdefrD a&mufrvmcJhvQif aomfvnf;aumif;? csLusL;tzkdY onf vlYavmuMuD;rS xGufcGmoGm;&ayawmhrnf/ [lusif;onf csLusL;tay: Muifemoem;pdwfrsm; zdwfvQHxGufvm NyD; csLusL;udk ayGUzuf ikYHerf;vkdufonf/ csLusL;onf a'go rajyao;ol jzpf&m rnfodkYrQ terf;rcHbJ acgif;w,rf;,rf;jzifhom a&Smifwdrf; aeawmhonf/ EIwfrSvnf; a'go wMuD;jzifh atmf[pfaeonf/ ]]&Sif olrsm;eJY erf;½IHUNyD;rS uRefrudk vmerf;OD;rvkdYayghav? uRefrudk xyfNyD; Nr§LqG,fOD;rvkdYayghav? &Sifu 'Dvkd tEkdifusifhNyD;rS uRefrudk vkyfcsifovkdvkyfvkdY &rvm;}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ pum;rsm;udk *½krpdkuf? cGef;wkHYjyefrae awmhbJ wif;usyfpGm ayGUzufvkdufaomtcg olronf vHk;0 rvIyf&Sm; Ekdifawmhacs/ xkdtcgusrS [lusif;onf olrtm; erf;½IHrdonf/ csLusL;onf wjznf;jznf;ESifh [lusif;\ &ifcGifwGif;0,f aysmhacGusoGm;av awmhonf/ [lusif;onf erf;½IHNyD;aom tcgusrS csLusL;udk tomt,m vTwfay;vkdufonf/ ]]csLusL; ...rif; aumif;aumif; tem;,laemf? rif; rauseyfwmawGudkvJ reufjzefusrS quf aqG;aEG; Muwmaygh [kwfvm;? tpfudkuom ausmufrdefeJY awGUzkdY wu,fcsdef;NyD; wu,fom oGm;awGUwmvkdY ,HkMunfNyDqkd&if tpfudkYudk "m;eJYom xkd;owfvdkufayawmh [kwfvm;? tpfudk taocHr,f}} csLusL;onf [lusif;\ erf;½IHrIaMumifh &SufaoG; wvTrf;vTrf;? &ifwzdkzdkjzpfae&mrS vIdufarmaom avoH uav;jzihf [lusif;tm; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]bmawG avQmufajymaewmvJ? olrsm;u 'Dvv dk yk &f ufrmS r[kwb f ;l qkw d mudo k v d Ydk wrif avQmufajymaewm r[kwfvm;}} [lusif;onf csLusL; pdwfajyoGm;onfudk odvdkuf&ojzihf Munfp,f&if; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]'Dvdkqkd&ifvJ tpfudkY&JU ajcaxmuf ESpfzufudk jzwfypfvkdufaygh [kwfvm;}} csLusL;xHrS rnfonfh pum;oHrQ xGufrvm/ acgif;ikHYae&mrS rsuf&nfaygufMuD;rsm; wvdrfhvdrfh pD;qifvmawmhonf/ [lusif; tzkdYrSmvnf; wif;rmaeaom tajctaerS El;nHh aysmhaysmif;aom tajctaeodkY ajymif;vJoGm;ojzifh pdwfoufom&m &cJh aomfvnf; ,ckuJhokdY csLusL;rsuf&nfusaeonfukd awGUvkduf&jyefaom tcg pdwf roufrom jzpfrdoGm;jyefonf/ xkdYaMumifh olr\ab;wGif uyfxkdifvdkufNyD; olr\ ycHk;uav;udk zufvkdufum acsmharmhí ar; vkdufonf/ ]]bmudk pdwfraumif;jzpfNyD; idk&jyefwmvJ csLusL;&,f ...}} csLusL;onf [lusif;\ tar;udk vHk;0 rajz/ qufíom idkNrJ idkaeonf/ [lusif;onf trsKd;rsKd;aom opömpum;rsm;jzifh wkdifwnf opöm qkdjyaeaomfvnf; csLusL;\ rsuf&nfrsm;udk &yfwefYoGm;atmif rvkyfEkdifcJhacs/ twefMumatmif idkaeNyD;rS ... ]]uRefr ...uRefr ...uHqdk;wmudk pOfpm;rdNyD; idkwmyg? tpfudkYudk pdwfqkd;vkdY idkwm r[kwfygbl;}} ]]tdk; ...bmjzpfvkdY rif;u uHqkd;&rSmvJ? t&ifwkef;u rif;a&m tpfudkyg ESpfa,mufpvHk; uHqkd;MuwmyJ? tck tpfudkwkdY ESpfa,muf tMuifvifr,m; jzpfMu&awmhr,fqkdawmh bmjzpfvkdY uHqkd;&awmhrSmvJ}} csLusL;onf [lusif;udk armhMunhfvkdufonf/ NyD;rS wnfMunf aom avoHuav;jzifh ... ]]tpfukd [lusi;f u uRerf tay: odyaf umif;w,f qkw d m uRerf odygw,f? [kd ausmufred q f w dk hJ ua0rav;u tckvkd Nr§LqG,fvkdY 'Dvkd jzpf&wmyg? tpfudku azmufjyefNyD; oGm;awGUwm r[kwfbl; qkdwm uRefr ,Hkygw,f? tck ...tck uRefr idkwmu uRefr&JU tjypf awGaMumifh idkwmyg? uRefr[m tpfudkY ZeD; rvkyfxdkufawmhbl;? uRefr aooGm;&if tm;vHk; at;oGm;rSmyJvkdY uRefr xifcJhw,f? 'gaMumifh uRefrudk uRefr owfaowm? [kd a0vif;qkdwJh ½l;½l;aygaygaumifu u,fvkdufawmh uRefr aemufwpfcg xyfrao &Jawmhbl;? uRefr ...uRefr ...q&mrMuD;vdkyJ r,foDv&Sif vkyfawmhr,f? 0gar*dkPf;csKyfawG[m wpfa,mufrS tdrfaxmifruszl;bl;}} 815
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csLusL;\ pum;rsm;udk Mum;vkduf&aom [lusif;tzkdY rnfodkYrQ em;rvnfEdkifatmif jzpfaerdawmhonf/ olr\ pum;t& olr taejzifh rdrdtay: raumif;rI usL;vGefxm;ouJhokdY jzpfaeonf/ rdrdtay: csLusL;taejzifh rnfonfh jypfrIrsm; usL;vGefcJhygoenf;/ ]]tdk; ...csLusL;uvnf;? bmjzpfvkYd tpfudkY ZeD; rvkyfxdkuf&rSmvJ}} csLusL;onf tHudk wif;wif;Mudwfvsuf ... ]]bmjzpfvdkY tpfudkY ZeD; rvkyfxdkufovJ qkdawmh}} [k ajym&mrS pum;udk a½SUrqufawmhbJ ½kwfw&uf &yfwefYypfvkdufonf/ ol r onf rsuf E S m ud k v nf ; wpf b uf o k d Y vS n f h y pf v k d u f N yD ; [l u sif ; rarQmf v if h a om pum;ud k ajymvkdufawmhonf/ ]]tpfudk [lusif; ...uRefrudk olpdrf;wpf&HqHvkdyJ oabmxm;vdkuf ygawmh? tcktcsdefupNyD; uRefrvkd rdef;uav;udk owd&raeygeJYawmh? tpfudk [lusif;taeeJY ausmufrdefudkyJ ,l,l? wjcm;wpfa,mufudkyJ ,l,l? uRefr ...uRefr ...ta&;rpdkufawmhygbl;}} pum;qHk;onfESifh olru ajcaxmufudk wpfcsuf axmufuefNyD; ckefwufvkduf&m jywif;aygufrS wpfqifh rsufESmcsif;qkdif tdrfacgifrdk; ay:odkY 0DS;ceJ a&muf&SdoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf rifwufrd tHhMooGm;rdawmhonf/ ]]csLusL;&JU udk,fazmhokdif;ynmu b,fhES,hfaMumifh 'Davmuf aumif; ae&wmygvdrfh}} [lusi;f taejzihf þrQxuf ydí k rpOf;pm;csed rf &ay/ csLusL;\ aemufoYdk tajy; vku d &f awmhonf/ csLusL;rSmrl a&SUodkYom tm;oGef ajy; aeonf/ aemufodkYyif wpfcsufrQ iJhapmif;rMunhfawmhacs/ [lusif;u av;ig;q,fcsufcefY tm;pdkuf ckefvkdufaomtcg csL;usL;\ a&SUodkY a&muf&SdoGm;ojzifh csLusL;rSm olr\ t&Sdefudk rowfEkdifawmhbJ [lusif;\ &ifcGifxJodkY wkd;0ifrdoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;url olr\ cE¨mudk,fudk tomt,myif ayGUzufvkduf onf/ olwdkY a&muf&Sdaeonfh ae&mab;em;ü acsmif;½kd;uav; wpfck&Sd &m [lusif;u csLusL;udk acsmif;uav;ab;odkY ac:oGm;NyD; ausmufwHk; MuD;wpfwHk;ay:wGif oufoufomom xkdifcdkif;vkdufonf/ xkdYaemufrS jznf;nif;aom avoHjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]csLusL; ...rif;eJY tpfudk[m rMumcif vifr,m; jzpfawmhr,fh vlawGyg? wpfa,mufudk wpfa,muf bmrS zHk;uG,faep&m rvkdygbl;? tm;emaep&mvnf; rvkdygbl;? rif;rSm tcuftcJ&Sd&if tpfudku ulnD& r,f? tpfudkYrSm tcuftcJ&Sd&if rif;u ulnD&rSmyJ? rif;&JU 'ku©[m tpfudkY&JU 'ku©ygyJ? 'Dawmh rif;rSm &SdaewJh tcuftcJawGudk bmjzpfvkdY pdwfaomu ta&mufcHNyD; rsKdodyfxm;aeawmhrSmvJ? zGifhajymvkdufprf;yg? tpfukdwkdY ESpfa,mufpvHk; 0kdif;NyD; pOf;pm; tajz&Sm&if ajyvnf&rSmaygh}} csLusL;onf ½kwfw&uf [lusif;\ &ifcGifwGif; arSmufcs idkaMuG; vkdufrdonf/ ]]uRefr ...uRefr ...udk olrsm;u tEdkifusifhcJhw,f? tck ...tck ...uRefr&JU ukd,fcE¨mu roefY&Sif;awmhbl;? uRefr ...uRefrrSm udk,f0ef&Sd aeNyD? tpfudkeJY b,fhES,fvkyfNyD; vufxyfEkdifawmhrSmvJ}} xkpd um;onf [lusif;\ OD;acgif;udk ypfcwfvu kd o f nfh rk;d MudK; oGm;wrQES,f jyif;xef xda&mufvyS gayonf/ [lusif;\ OD;acgif;wpfckvHk;onf rdkufceJ jzpfoGm;&NyD; wpfukd,fvHk;&Sd taMumtjcifrsm;onf awmifhwif;oGm;&awmhonf/ csLusL;onf [lusif;udk aMuuGJpGmjzifh Munhf&if; jznf;nif;pGm rwfwyf&yfvkdufonf/ ]]'g ...'gu uRerf &JU b0ay; ukov kd u f q H ;dk vGe;f vSvYkd jzpf&wJh tjzpfyg? tpfuYkdukd uRerf 'kur© ay;csiaf wmhb;l ? nDrudk jznf;jznf;csif; arhypfvkdufygawmh}} [lusif;rSm ,cktcsdet f xd ausmuf½yk Mf uD; wpf½yk t f vm;ES,f ai; aMumif&yfvsuf &Sad eayao;onf/ odYk aomf olYtaejzifh csLusL;pum; rsm;udk r,HkEdkifavmufatmif jzpfaerdonf/ ol\ ESvHk;om; vIHUaqmf csufrsm;u r,HkESifh ...r,HkESifh [k wm;jrpfaeouJhokdYyif/ csLusL;onf olr\ pum;qHk;onfESifh vSnfhxGufoGm;avawmh onf/ [lusif;onf ½kwfw&uf owdjyef0ifvmNyD; ½kwfw&uf vSrf;ckef vkdufum csLusL;\ vufudk qGJvdkufonf/ wkef,ifaom avoHjzifh ar;vdkufonf/ 816
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; tajrmftjrif&SdvSaom ...?&efa&mifonf *dkPf;om;rsm;udk vQKdU0Suf wm0efrsm; cGJa0tyfESif;um r*FvmyGJ\ av;bufav;wefrS tapmifhrsm; csxm;vkdufawmhonf/ &efolrsm; ½kwfw&uf aESmifh,Sufrnf tEÅ&m,fudk MudKwif umuG,fvkdufjcif;yif jzpfawmhonf/ xkdYenf;wl awmfvSefa&; wyfom;rsm;uvnf; NrdKUjyifwGif wyf txyfxyfcsvsuf NrdKYwGif;rS r*FvmyGJtwGuf umuG,f apmifha&Smufxm; vdkufonf/ eHeufyikd ;f wGif a&Smifvif*P kd ;f ? 0gqef;*dP k ;f wkYd u r*FvmvufzUJG ypön;f vma&muf ay;tyfMuonf/ aemufq;kH r*Fvm tcsdefodkY usa&muf aomtcg aAsmuftdk;rsm; qlnHpGm azmufMuawmhonf/ xkdpOf csifvd&SefESifh a0vif;u owkdYom; [lusif;udk NcH&Hí xGufvmMuonf/ 0gar*dkPf;rS trsKd;orD; &Spfa,mufuvnf; csLusL;udk NcH&Hvsuf avQmufxGufvmMuonf/ owkdYom;ESifh owkdYorD; ESpfa,muf wkdYonf ycHk;csif;,SOf&yfae&mrS 'l;axmufxkdifvdkufMuonf/ olwdkY\ a&SU&Sd MunfnKdzG,f&m bk&m;pifudk &Sdcdk;OD;cs&ef [efjyif vkdufpOfrSmyif tcef;tjyifrS rdef;uav;wpfa,muf\ toHwpfoH pl;&S pGm xGufay:vmawmhonf/ ]]cPaeMuOD;}} ausmufrdef a&muf&Sdvmjcif;aywum;/ r*FvmyGJ&Sd vltm;vHk;onf ausmufrdefudk awGUvkdufMu&aomtcg ½kwf½kwfoJoJ jzpfoGm;Muawmhonf/ tb,faMumifh þrQ ½kwf½kwfoJoJ jzpfoGm;Mu&oenf;/ xkdolrsm;xJwGif ausmufrdef\ vufcsufudk cHvdkuf &olrsm; rsm;pGm yg0ifaeayonf/ xdkYaMumifh rdrdwkdY\ ykdifeuftwGif; ausmufrdef a&muf&Sdvmonf udk awGUvkduf&aomtcg tcsKdUu rdrdwkdY\ udpu ö dk jyefvnfay;acs&ef twGuf wdkufcdkuf&ef jyifqifvdkufMuonf/ &efa&mifu atmf[pfNyD; vSrf;wm;vdkufonf/ ]]'DaeY[m usKyfwkdY&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD;eJ 0gar*dkPf;csKyfMuD;&JU r*FvmaeY jzpfygw,f? tckvdkaeYrSm ausmufrdef wuf a &muf v mwJ h t wG u f ausmuf r d e f [ m usKyf w d k Y & J U {nf h o nf a wmf y gyJ ? 'gaMumif h ausmuf r d e f tay: rausrcsrf;jzpfaeMuwJh aemifawmfMuD;awG tm;vHk;udk usKyftaeeJ awmif;yefcsifwmu usKyfwkdY*dkPf;eJY 0gar*dkPf;&JU rsufESmudk axmuf xm;NyD; twdwfu jyóemudk acwÅcP arhaysmufxm;MuygvkdY arwÅm &yfcHcsifwmygyJ? ausmufrdefukd bmrS rvkyfMuzdkY usKyftaeeJY tEl;tnGwf awmif;yefygw,f}} &ef a &mif o nf pum;ajymae&if ; rS apmyk w uf E S i f h zef [ d k q ef Y w k d Y u d k rsuf & d y f j yvk d u f o nf / ol w k d Y ESpfa,mufuvnf; aumif;pGm oabmayguf Muonf/ vlrsm;Mum;xJrS vSpfceJ aysmufuG,foGm;awmhonf/ olwkdY aysmufuG,foGm;&jcif;rSm taMumif;&Sdonf/ ausmufrdefonf ol\ vufatmufrS odkif;orm;rsm;udk ac:vm rac:vmonfudk tjyifxGufí pHkprf;Mujcif;yif jzpfawmhonf/ &efa&mifurl ysLiSmpGmjzifhyif ... ]]ausmufrdef ...tckvdk vma&mufcsD;Nr§ifhwmudk usKyfwkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD; taeeJY odyfNyD; aus;Zl;wif 0rf;ajrmufygw,f? 'DrSm aus;Zl;jyKNyD; xkdifyg r*FvmyGJNyD;wmeJY pm;yGJaomufyGJMuD; pawmhrSmyg}} ausmufrdefu NyHK;í ajymvkdufonf/ ]][ifhtif; ...uRefr rxdkifawmhbl;? uRefr &SifwkdY&JU pum;ajymrvdkY vmwmyg? pum;ajymNyD;wmeJY uRefr xGufoGm;rSmyg}} &efa&mifu ajyvnfpGm ajymvkdufonf/ ]][m ...ajymvdkY &ygw,f? ajymEkdifygw,f? usKyfwdkY taeeJYuvJ wm;jrpfp&m taMumif; r&Sdygbll;? r*FvmyGJuvJ tck cPav;wif NyD; awmhrSmyg? r*FvmyGJNyD;wmeJY ajymcsifwm ajymEdkifygw,f}} ausmufrdefu ... ]]tJ'Dvkd qkd&ifawmh tcsdef odyfaESmif;oGm;vdrfhr,f}} &efa&mifonf clwdkudk wpfcsuf vSrf;Munhfvkdufonf/ olwkYd tm;vHk; od&Sdxm;Muonfh tcsufwpfcsuf &SdMuonf/ ausmufrdefonf r*FvmyGJudk zsuf&ef a&muf&Sdvmjcif; jzpfaMumif;udkyifwnf;/ xkdYaMumifh olwdkYtaejzifh rnfonfh enf;ESifhrqkd ausmufrdefudk wm;jrpfMu&ayawmhrnf/ &efa&mifonf rlv &yfae&mrS a&SUodkY ESpfvSrf;rQ wuf&if; ajymvkdufonf/ 820
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]'kwd, udpöuawmh 'DaeY csLusL;eJY vufrxyf&bl;}} [lusif;onf ol\ em;udkyif ol r,HkEkdifavmufatmif jzpfoGm;rd onf/ ausmufrdef\ pum;rsm;udk ol Mum;vkduf&aomfvnf; t"dyÜm,f twkdif; [kwfrS [kwfyg&JUvm;[k ajzodrfh awG;aevkdufonf/ xkt d awG;rsm;onf rsupf w d pfrw dS f vQyw f jyuf twGi;f awG;rdvu dk af om tawG;rsm;om jzpfayonf/ olYEw I rf rS l ausmufrdef\ pum; aMumifh ][if} [k wpfvHk;wnfaom pum;oHom xGufay:oGm;cJh& awmhonf/ ausmufrdefurl at;at;aq;aq;yif ... ]]tJ'gu 'kwd, udpöyJ ? wwd, udpöuawmh uRefr pOf;pm;NyD;rS xyfajymr,f}} ausmufrdef\ toHrSm wkd;wkd;nif;nif; uav;om jzpfaomfvnf; csLusL;? csKd½Tifacsmif;ESifh csifvd&SefwkdY tm;vHk; aumif;pGm Mum;vkdufMu &onf/ xkdYaMumifh tm;vHk; rsufpdrsufESm ysufoGm;Muawmhonf/ [lusif; url pdwfysufpGmjzifh acgif;w,rf;,rf; vkyfaerdonf/ ]]'Dudpöuawmh usKyftaeeJY b,fenf;eJYrS raqmif½GufEkdifbl;? usKyf tav;teuf xyfajymr,f? usKyf b,fenf;eJYrS aqmif½Guf ray;Ekdifbl;? &Sif;&JUvm;}} ]]bmvJ &Sifu &Sifhuwdudk zsufw,faygh [kwfvm;}} ]][ifhtif; ...'g uwdzsufwm r[kwfbl;? rif;udk usKyfuwday;wkef;u usKyf vkyf&r,fh tvkyf[m opömw&m;udk rxdcdkuf&bl;vkdY uefYowfcsuf pnf;urf; xm;cJhw,f r[kwfvm;? tck rif;cdkif;wJh udpöu usKyf ay;cJhwJh pnf;urf;csufeJY rnDbl;? 'Dawmh 'Dudpöudk usKyf taeeJY b,fenf;eJYrS raqmif&GufEkdifbl;}} ]]&Sif ...wu,frvkyfbl;aygh}} [lusif;onf ol\ e*dkADZpdwft& pdwfxm; tvGef El;nHhaysmh aysmif;ol jzpfayonf/ ausmufrdefonf MuD;rm;aom *kPfj'yfrsm;jzifh jynfhpHkaom rif;orD; wpfyg; jzpfygvsufESifh þrQ MuD;rm; rsm;jym;vSaom Adkvfygxk tv,fwGif rdrdukd csLusL;ESifh vufrxyf&ef atmufuscH? t&SufuGJcH vsuf vma&muf ajymqkdjcif;rSm rdef;uav; wpfa,muf\ tqHk;pGefaom arwÅmw&m; jzpfaMumif; [lusif; od&Sd em;vnfvkdufrd ygonf/ xk d Y a Mumif h ol \ avoH o nf wif ; rm cuf x ef r I vH k ; 0 r&S d b J aysmh a ysmif ; EG r f ; e,f v S p G m jzif h awmif;yefrdawmhonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ...usKyfudk ta&;rpdkufygeJYawmh? arhypfvdkufygawmh}} ausmufrdef\ rsufESmonf ½kwfjcnf; wif;rmoGm;onf/ ]]aMomf ...&Sifu rjzpfEkdifawmhbl;aygh [kwfvm;? uJ ...aumif;NyD? a[m'g bmvJ? Munhfprf;}} olronf olr\ b,fvufz0g;udk [lusif; jrifatmif ½kwfw&uf jzefYjyvkdufonf/ csufcsif;yif ol\ vufrsm;udk jyefqkwfvkdufonf/ olYvufwGif;rS ypönf;rsm;udk olY &ifcGifxJodkY vsifjrefpGm xkd;xnfhvdkuf awmhonf/ ausmufrdef\ vufwGif;rS t&mudk jrifoGm;&aom [lusif;onf wpfudk,fvHk; wkef,if vIyf&Sm;oGm;um ... ]]'g ...'g ...igh ...}} ausmufrdefonf [lusif;\ pum;udk qHk;atmif ajymcGifh ray;awmh/ \]uJ ...'kwd, udpöudk aqmif&Gufrvm;? raqmif&Gufbl;vm; qkdwm &SifhoabmyJ}} olronf pum;qHk;onfESifh wHcg;rMuD; &Sd&modkY vSnfhxGufoGm; awmhonf/ ÄÄÄ r*FvmyGJodkY wufa&mufvmMuolwkdif;onf ausmufrdef jyvkduf onfh t&m0w¦KaMumifh [lusif; tvGefysm,mcwf pdwfvIyf&Sm;oGm; aMumif; awGU&SdvkdufMuonf/ [lusif;tm; þrQ wkef,ifvIyf&Sm;oGm;apaom ausmufrdef vufwGif;rS t&mum; rnfonfh t&m0w¦K jzpfayvdrfh rnfenf;/ 822
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; r*FvmyGJodkY wufa&mufvmolwdkif; od&SdvkdMuayonf/ odkYaomf xkdypönf;udk [lusif;rSwpfyg; rnfolrQ rjrifvkdufMu&ay/ csLusL;taejzifh omreftm;jzihf jrifEkdifaomfvnf; ,ckrl owkdYorD; jzpfaeí acgif;wGif Zmjcnf ykvJ y0grsm; tkyfaqmif;xm;&ojzifh rnfonfh t&m0w¦Kypönf;rSef; rjrifvkduf rodvkduf&acs/ ausmufrdef wpfpHkwpfck jyvkdufjcif; jzpfonfudkrl ausmufrdef\ pum; t& odvkduf&jcif;om jzpfawmhonf/ [lusif;onf ausmufrdeftm; uref;uwef; vSrf;í wm;jrpfvkduf onf/ ]]ausmufrdef ...ausmufrdef ...cPaeygOD;}} ausmufrdefurl aemufodkYyif vSnfhrMunhfawmhbJ ajymoGm;onf/ ]]&Sif ...vkdufcsifvkdufcJh? 'grS r[kwfvJ 'DrSmyJ vufxyfNyD; aecJhayawmh? 'gayr,fh &Sif wpfoufvHk; aemifw&wmrsKd;awmh rjzpfapeJY ? 'gu uRefru apwemeJY owday;wm? vkyfzdkY rvkyfzdkYawmh &Sifh wm0efyJ}} [lusif;onf xyfrH atmf[pf&jyefawmhonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ...&yfyg? cPavmuf &yfvkdufyg}} ausmufrdefurl vHk;0 r&yfbJ qufavQmufoGm;aeawmhojzifh [lusif;onf uref;uwef; ajy;vkdufoGm;um ... ]]aumif;NyD? rif;ajymwJhtwdkif; ig oabmwlw,f? 'DaeY vufrxyfawmhbl;}} ]]uJ ...'Dvkdqkd&if uRefraemufudk tckyJ vkdufcJhawmh}} [lusif;onf aemufbufokdY vSnfhí csLusL;udk Munhfvkdufrdonf/ [lusif;tzkdY pm;vnf½l;? qkyfvnf;pl; [laom tajcodkY qkdufa&mufae &ayNyD/ csLusL;udk &Sif;jy&ef pdwful;xm;aomfvnf; &Sif;jycsdef r&Ekdif avmufatmif jzpfae&awmhonf/ taMumif;rSm ausmufrdefonf tjyifodkY ajy;xGufoGm;NyD jzpfaomaMumifh yifwnf;/ tajctaeonf tvGef ta&;MuD;aom tajctaejzpfonf/ wpfbufudk aqmif&GufvQif wpfbufrS qHk;½IH;rIwpfck jzpfay:&ayawmhrnf/ rnfodkYrQ tcsdefr&awmhojzifh ausmufrdef aemufodkY vkduf oGm;&awmhonf/ [lusif; wHcg;0okdY a&muf&SdcsdefwGif ol\ ab;rS teDa&mifvl&dyf wpfck ½kwfw&uf &dyfceJ jzwfausmfoGm;NyD ausmufrdefudk ckeftkyfvkduf awmhonf/ xkdteDa&mif tusÐvuf&SnfxJrS jzLazG;aom vufig;acsmif; qefYxGufvmNyD; ausmufrdef\ OD;acgif;udk xkd;pdkufvkdufawmhonf/ ,if ; tuG u f o nf tvG e f vsif j ref v S o jzif h vQyf j yuf o nf E S i f h EI d i f ; ,S O f a vmuf y gonf / þrQ aMumufrufz, G &f m wdu k u f u G jf zifh wku d cf u kd v f u dk o f rl mS tjcm;ol r[kw/f csLusL; jzpfaeonf/ xkYd aMumifh [lusif;onf tvGef pdwfvIyf&Sm;rdoGm;onf/ ]]'DtuGufu wu,fh aMumufp&maumif;wJh tuGufygvm;? csLusL; tpu 'gawG rwufygbl;? ol b,favmuf tqifh&Sdaew,f qkdwm igodaewmyJ? 'Davmuf jyif;xef &ufpufwJh tuGufawGudk ol b,fuaersm; oif,l wufajrmufcJhwmygvdrfh}} [lusif;onf þuJhodkY awG;vkdufcsdefESifh wpfjydKifwnf;vkdvdkyif ausmufrdef\ OD;acgif;cGHudk xkd;azmufvkeD; jzpfaeaom csLusL;\ nmbufvufudk a&SUodkY wpfvSrf;wufum umvkdufonf/ csLusL;\ b,fbuf wawmifonf [lusif;\ &if0odkY aqmihf vkdufonf/ odkYaomf [lusif;\ aepMum twGif;tm;u ckcHumuG,f vdkufojzifh rnfodkYrQ jzpfroGm;acs/ odkYaomf ajcvSrf;rSmrl aemufbufodkY wpfvSrf;rQ ,kdifxGufoGm;cJh &onf/ clwkdonf [lusif;ESifh vnf;aumif;? csLusL;ESifh vnf;aumif; teD;uyfqHk; &Sdaeol jzpfojzifh ol\ *dkPf;csKyfMuD; ,dkifxGufoGm;onfudk awGUvkduf&aomtcg csufcsif; 0ifa&mufNyD; csLusL;\ ycHk;udk wGef;vkduf awmhonf/ odkYaomf csLusL;onf olr\ b,fbufvufacsmif;rsm;udk ½kwfw&uf wpfcsuf,rf;cgvkduf&m vsifjrefvGef;vSojzifh omreftm;jzifh rnfodkY vIyf&Sm;vkdufonfudk rnfolrQ rawGUEkdifatmif jzpfoGm;cJh Mu&onf/ trSefpifppfrl eufeJ cufcJvSpGmjzifh clwdk\ vufaumuf0wf taMumudk xkd;ydwfvkdufjcif;om jzpfayonf/ clwo dk nf ol\ ud, k cf E¨m tay:ykid ;f wpfcv k ;kH xHu k sOfomG ;um csLusL;tm; aemufxyf rwdu k cf u kd Ef idk af wmhay/ 823
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkYaomf ...clwdk\ vkyfaqmifcsufonf tcsnf;ESD; jzpfroGm;cJhacs/ csLusL;tenf;i,f aESmifhaES;oGm;ojzifh ausmufrdefonf a&SUodkY wpfvSrf; wkd;oGm;EkdifcJhNyD;? ta&;MuD;aom OD;acgif;ykdif;udk wdrf;a&Smif oGm;EkdifcJhonf/ xkdYaMumifh csLusL;\ vufacsmif; ig;acsmif;u ausmufrdef\ b,fbuf ycHk;udk xkd;pdkuf oGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf ][m}ceJ a,mif,rf; atmf[pfvkdufum csLusL;\ vufudk ½dkufxkwfypf vdkufonf/ csLusL;onf ausmuf r d e f u d k &ef j yK&ef Mud K ;pm;&mrS aemuf b uf o d k Y jyef v S n h f u m [l u sif ; tm; wdu k cf u kd af wmhonf/ [lusif;url csLusL;tm; xdcu kd af tmif vH;k 0 rwdu k cf u kd af cs/ odYk aomf csLusL;\ wku d u f u G rf sm;rSm olaoudk,fao wdkufyGJuJhodkY Munhf&olwkdif; aMumufcref;vdvd &SdvS ayonf/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;onf rayghq&JawmhbJ? tm;ajymif;tm;vTJ odkif;ynmudk xkwfoHk;ae&awmhonf/ vQyfwjyuf rsufpdwpfrSdwftwGif; csLusL;onf wdkufuGuf&SpfuGuf wdkufxkwfEkdifcJhNyD; [lusif;uvnf; cHuGuf &SpfuGufjzifh ckcHcJh&ayonf/ wdkufyGJonf tvGefw&m jyif;xefvSaMumif; awGU&Sdvkduf&ojzifh r*FvmyGJ wufa&mufvmolwkdif; toufyif r½SSLEdkifavmufatmif jzpfoGm;Mu&NyD; aMumufrufzG,f aumif;vSaom wkdufyGJMuD;udk ai;Munhf aeMuawmhonf/ ausmufrdefrSmrl ajrMuD;ay:ü vJusaeayonf/ olr\ b,fbuf ycHk;wGif &&SdoGm;aom vufacsmif;ayguf ig;ayguf\ 'Pf&mrsm;rS aoG;rsm;woGifoGif pD;usaeayawmhonf/ csLusL;onf ol\ wkdufuGufrsm;udk ½kwfw&uf jyefvnf ½kwfodrf; vkdufNyD; [lusif;tm; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]usef;[lusif; ...&Sifu 'Dua0r&JU jr§LqG,fwmudk cHNyD; uRefrudk ypfoGm;rvkdYayghav? [kwfvm;}} ]]csLusL; ...tpfudk awmif;yefygw,f? tpfudkYrSm wu,fh tusOf; tusyfxJ a&mufae&wJh tcsdefyg? tpfudkY&JU tcuftcJawGudk rif; oabmayguf em;vnfprf;yguG,f? tpfudkwdkY ESpfa,muf&JU vufxyfyGJudk b,fawmhrS rzsufodrf;bl;? 'gaMumifhrdkY r*FvmyGJudk oHk;av;&uf avmufawmh qkdif;ygvkdY tpfudk awmif;yefygw,f}} csLusL;uvnf; at;aq;pGmyif ajymvkdufonf/ ]]&Sif ...olYaemuf vkdufoGm;&ifawmh b,fawmhrS jyefrvmeJYawmh? &Sif aemifwr&ygapeJY}} csLusL;\ avoHuvnf; ausmufrdef\avoHESifh waoGrwdrf; wlnDvSacswum;/ xkdtcsdefwGif ausmufrdefonf tHMudwf tHwif;um rwfwyf&yf vkdufNyD; xGufcGmoGm;awmhonf/ apG;apG;eD&Jaeaom aoG;rsm;onf ajrMuD; wpfavQmufvHk; pD;usoGm;onf/ [lusif;tzkdY þtajctaewGif tm;vHk; ajyvnfoGm;atmif &Sif;jy Edkifawmhrnf r[kwfacs/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;onf cufcJyifyef;pGmjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tpfudkY tazMuD; &SufpGef;&JU aus;Zl;awGu tpfudkY tay:rSm uka#uk#m &Sdaeygw,f csLusL;&,f? 'DtcsufeJY yufowfvmwJhtwGuf tpfudkYudk cGifhvGwfygawmh}} pum;qHk;onfESifh [lusif;onf ausmufrdef aemufodkY ajy;vkduf oGm;awmhonf/ csix f if;usu?f &efa&mifEiS hf csK½d iT af csmif;wkYd onfvnf; tjzpfreS u f kd vH;k 0 rodMuojzifh rnfou l rQ [lusi;f tm; rwm;&JMuawmhacs/ csLusL;url olr\ acgif;aqmif; y0gudk qGJcRwf vTwfypfvkdufNyD; emMunf;pGm ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tm;vHk; awGUMuygw,faemf? olu uRefrudk opömazmufvkdufwmudk? uRefru olYudk opömazmufwm r[kwfygbl;? 'DaeY 'Dtcsdefu pNyD; uRefreJY usef;[lusif;[m bmrS ryufowfawmhygbl;}} csLusL;onf ajymajymqkdqkdjzifh olr 0wfqifxm;onfh owkdYorD; 0wfpHkudk qkwfNzJypfvkdufawmhonf/ olr\ &ifwiG ;f rS aMuuGJ emMunf; rIrsm;udk vH;k 0 onf;cHEikd pf rG ;f r&Sb d J jzpfvmjyefojzifh cufxefpmG ajymvku d jf yefonf/ ]]'DaeY 'DtcsdefrSm t&SufwuGJ tusKd;enf; jzpf&wJh twGuf 'gudk uRefr rausbl;? jyefNyD; wkHYjyef wdkufckdufr,fvdkY uRefr opömjyKw,f}} csifxif;usufu olrudk ESpfodrhfazsmif;zs&ef pdwfulvkdufpOf rSmyif csLusL;onf ½kwfw&uf ckefxGufvkdufNyD; avxJwGif wpfywfvSnfhí acgifrdk;ay: a&muf&SdoGm;awmhonf/ &efa&mifwdkYu olr aemufokdY vkduf&ef jyifqifvkdufcsdefwGif olronf tawmftwef uGma0;aom ae&modkY a&muf&SdaeacsNyD/ olr\ udk,fazmh okdif;ynmonf vif;qGJrif; a0&d\ ynmxuf tqifhredrfhacs/ 824
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkif;orm;MuD; tm;vHk;onf tvGef tHhtm;oifh oGm;Mu&NyD; csLusL;aemufodkY qufrvkdufEdkifawmhbJ atmufodkY jyefqif;vmMu& awmhonf/ r*FvmyGJMuD; ysufoGm;avNyD/ tvif ; rmef * d k P f ; om; tm;vH k ; rS m rsuf E S m raumif ; Mu/ td r f & S i f r sm; rsuf E S m raumif ; Muojzih f {nfonfrsm;vnf; rsufESm raumif;MuEkdif awmhay/ tm;vHk;aom vlrsm;onf ausmufrdefu [lusif;tm; jyvkduf onfh ypönf;onf rnfonfhypönf; jzpfrnfudk tvGef odcsifaeMuav onf/ xk d y pö n f ; ud k awG U vk d u f & onf E S i f h tb,f a Mumif h þrQ tavm wMuD ; ausmuf r d e f aemuf o d k Y vdkufoGm;&oenf;/ xkdypönf;udk awGU&vQif r*FvmyGJudk tysufcHí [lusif; vdkufoGm; aom taMumif;&if;udk od&SdEdkifayvdrfhrnf/ ,ck rnfolurQ xkdypönf;udk rjrifvkdufMu&ojzifh taMumif;&if; wdwdususudkvnf; rod&SdEdkif jzpfaeMu&onf/ [lusif;\ pum;t&rl ,ck ausmufrdef a&muf&Sdvmaom udpöonf [lusif;\ arG;pm;zcifMuD; &SufpGef;ESifh t"du yufowfrI&SdaMumif;udkrl tm;vHk;u &dyfrd od&Sdvdkuf Muonf/ 0gar*dkPf;onfvnf; a'goxGufí jyefoGm;Muawmhonf/ csifxif;usufurl udk,ftrlt&m? EIwftrlt&m tm;vHk; ESdrfhcsNyD; 0gar *dkPf;om;rsm;udk awmif;yefonf/ aemufqHk; tjzpfrSefudk odNyD;vQif NyD;csif; [lusif;udk ac:í 0gar*dkPf;odkY vma&mufawmif;yefygrnf[k ajymjy ESpfodrfhvkduf&awmhonf/
825
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(92) c&D;Murf; [lusif;u ausmufred f aemufoYkd rDvmaom tcsdew f iG f ausmufred f \ ajcvSr;f rsm;onf,rd ;f xd;k vIy&f mS ;vsuf &SdaeNyD/ apmapmurl olr\ pdwfudk wif;í xGufvmcJhjcif; jzpfojzifh þrQ xGufvmEkdifcJhjcif; jzpfayonf/ ,ckrl y&dowfrsm;ESifhvnf; uif;a0;NyD/ c&D;vnf; tawmftwef aygufa&mufvmNyD jzpfojzifh olrtaejzifh wif;rcHEkdifawmhacs/ ,drf;,dkif jydKvJusvkrwuf jzpfvmaomtcg [lusif;onf olr\ cE¨mukd,fuav;udk 0ifxdef;vkdufNyD; 'Pf&mrS aoG;rsm; qufrxGufap&ef taMumudk xkd;ydwfxm;vkduf&onf/ ausmufrdef\ 'Pf&mrSm tvGefyif jyif;xefvGefvSayonf/ [lusif;onf vufacsmif; ig;acsmif;\ tayguf0rsm;udk Munhf&if; MuufoD; xrdawmhonf/ tu,fí þ 'Pf&m 'Pfcsuftwkdif;om ausmufrdef\ OD;acgif;udk xkd;pdkufrdcJhvQif ausmufrdeftwGuf awG;0Hhp&m r&Sdawmhay/ [lusif;onf ausmufrdeftm; ar;vkdufonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ...rif; tck b,fhES,faeao;ovJ[if? 'Pf&mu odyfemaeovm;}} ausmufrdefu csnfeJYpGmjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]a&Smifvif*dkPf;udk ...}} olronf xkdpum;wpfcGef;om ajymEkdifawmhonf/ pum;yif rqHk;ao;rD arharsmhoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf ½kwfw&uf xdwfvefYoGm;onf/ odkYaomf ,ck tajctaewGif ausmufrdeftm; rnfodkYrQ qufar;Ekdifawmhrnf r[kwfacs/ 826
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ausmufrdeftm; ar;p&m ar;cGef; ajrmufjrm;pGm &Sdaeonf/ okdYrSom aqmif&Gufp&m udpörsm;udk tNyD;tykdif aqmif&GufEkdifayvdrfh rnf/ ausmufrdefu [lusif;tm; r*Fvmcef;rwGif jyvkdufaom ypönf;um; rnfonfhypönf; jzpfygoenf;/ wu,fawmh xkdypönf;rSm &SufpGef;\ a½T0ga&mif qHyifrsm;yif jzpfcJhacsonfwum;/ [lusif;onf a½Ta&mifqHyifrsm;udk awGUvkduf&onfESihf ausmufrdefonf ol\ arG;pm;zcifMuD; rnfonfhae&mwGif &SdaeaMumif; od&Sdxm;NyD; jzpfaMumif; &dyfrdvkdufawmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh olYtaejzifh r*FvmyGJudk zsufodrf;um ausmufrdefaemufokdY þrQ tvsifwaqm aumufumiifum vkdufcJh&jcif; jzpfawmhonf/ þodkYjzifh olonf csLusL;tay:ü MuD;rm;aom trSm;t,Gif;MuD; wpfckudk usL;vGefrdcJhayNyD/ rdef;uav; wpfOD;tzdkY b0 wpfoufwmü tMuD;tus,fqHk;aom t&SufwuGJ tusKd;enf;rIMuD;udk cHpm;cJh&ayNyD/ rdrd\ tjypfrsm;yif jzpfayawmhonf/ odkYaomf wpfbufwGifvnf; rdrday:ü aus;Zl;MuD;vGef;vSaom arG;pm;zcifMuD;\ aoa&; &Sifa&;udpö jzpfaejyef&m olY tazMuD;tm; u,fwifEkdifrnfh oJvGefpuav;udk rnfodkYrQ vufvTwf qHk;½HI;rcHEkdif jzpfaerdonf/ tu,fíom ausmufrdef aemufodkY rvdkufvQif olYarG;pm;zcifMuD; rnfonfhae&mü &Sdaeonfqkdonfh oJvGefpudk ol&awmhrnf r[kwfacs/ [lusif;onf teD;tem; ½Gmwpf½GmrS jrif;wpfpD;udk &atmif a&SUOD;pGm &SmazG&onf/ jrif;&aomtcgrS ausmufrdef\ cE¨mudk,fuav;udk ayGUcsDum jrif;pD;í c&D;jyif; ESif&awmhonf/ olonf ausmufrdef\ aoG;r&SdbJ jzLa&mf ñSKd;EGrf;aeaom rsufESm uav;udk ikHYMunhfrd&if; Muifemjcif;? oem;jcif;? &ifemjcif;? pdwfqkd;jcif;? *½kPma'go jzpfjcif; ponfh a0'emrsKd;pHkukd cHpm;ae&awmhonf/ ol\ rsufpx d 0J ,f csLusL;\ rsufEmS udk jrifa,mifvmrdonf/ olr\ aMumufp&maumif;vSaom aemufq;kH wkdufuGufudk awG;rdvkduf aomtcgwGifrl MuufoD;wjzef;jzef; xrdawmhonf/ olonf odkif;avmutwGif; tawmfuav; ESHYpyf usifvnfcJhNyD; xl;qef;aom okdif;ynmrsm;udkvnf; wufuRrf;NyD;ajrmufcJhol jzpfayonf/ odkYaomf ,ck csLusL; toHk;jyKaom odkif;uGufrsKd;udkrl olYtaejzifh vHk;0 rawGUcJhzl;acs/ odkif;ynmESifh yufowfí csL;usL; þrQ tqihfjrifhjrifh wufajrmufvmjcif;\ taMumif;&if;udk [lusif;taejzifh rpOf;pm;wuf atmif jzpfaerdawmhonf/ ,ck olr toHk;jyKoGm;onfh okdif;ynm tqifhtwef;t& &efa&mifwkdYxufyif ykdawmfaeovkd jzpfaeonf/ udk,fazmhokdif;ynmtm;jzifhvnf; vif;qGJrif; a0&d\ tqifhavmuf &Sdaeonf/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;taejzifh OD;aESmufrsm; qlyGufrwuf pOf;pm; ae&jcif; jzpfonf/ txl;jcm;qHk;tcsufrSm olr toHk;jyKvdkufaom okdif;uGufrsm;onf olr\ 0gar*dkPf;rS odkif;ynm r[kwfjcif;yifwnf;/ þodkY qkdygu csLusL;taejzifh tvGef eufeJodrfarGUNyD; tvGef tqifhtwef;jrifhaom odkif;usrf;pmtkyf wpftkyfudk &&SdoGm;vsuf avhusifhEdkifvkdufíom þrQ okdif;ynm tqifhtwef; jrifhaejcif; jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ xkd odkif;usrf;pmtkyfudk tb,frSm &Ekdifoenf;/ [lusif;onf odkif;usrf;&Ekdifaom tcsuf wpfcsufudk pOf;pm;rd vdkufaomtcg MuufoD;wjzef;jzef; xvmojzifh qufí rpOf;pm;&Jawmhacs/ [lusif;onf ol\ tawG;rsm;udk vHk;0 tem;ay;vkdufNyD; ausmufrdef ajymonfhtwkdif; a&Smifvif ausmif;wkdufrsm;qDodkY OD;wnf vkdufawmhonf/ rnfrQyif OD;wnfonfjzpfap c&D;uawmh uGmvSrf;vSayonf/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf ,ck olwkdY &Sdaeonfh ae&mrSm awmifydkif; jzpf aeNyD; a&Smifvifausmif;wdkuf&Sd&mt&yfum; ajrmufykdif; jzpfaeaom aMumifhyifwnf;/ xkdYaMumifh vrf;ckvyf twGif;rSmyif ausmufrdef\ 'Pf&mrsm;udk aq;xnfhay;cJh&onf/ ausmufrdef\ 'Pf&mrsm;onf tvGefjyif;xefvS ojzifh [lusif;\ &ifcGifxJwGifom vJavsmif;í vkdufygvmcJh&avawmhonf/
827
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ,aeY olwkdYESpfa,muf [kdeefe,fxJodkY a&muf&SdvmcJhayNyD/ olwkdY\ a&SUbufwGif zkefrIefYvdyfMuD;rsm; wvdrfhvdrfh wufaeonfudk awGUvkdufMu&onf/ rsm;rMumrDyif ppf0wfppfpm; tjynfhtpHkjzifh rGef*dk ppfom; wpf&mausmfcefY olwkdYab;rS jzwfausmf wufoGm;Muonf/ olwdkYonf [lusif;wkdYtm; awGU&Sdaomfvnf; omref t&yfol t&yfom;rsm;[k xifMuojzifh rnfodkYrQ ta&;rpkdufbJ olwkYd csDwuf& rnfh vrf;aMumif;twkdif;om qufvuf csDwufoGm;Muonf/ xkdppfom;wpftkyf jzwfausmfNyD;onfhaemufwGif aemufxyf ppfom;wpftkyf xyfrH a&muf&Sdvmjyefonf/ xkdwyfzGJUonf nDnmpGm csDwufjcif; r&Sd/ a&SUa&mufvkduf? aemufa&mufvkdufjzifh z½dkz&J csDwufvmMuonf/ xdkwyfzGJUtm; [lusif; vSrf;Munhfvkdufaomtcg ]'ku©yJ} [k a,mif,rf; atmf[pfrdrwuf jzpfoGm;&onf/ tb,faMumifh qkdaomf xkdwyfzGJUxJwGif ausmufrdef\ vufajzmifh av;orm; &Spfa,muf ygaeaomaMumifhyifwnf;/ [lusif;onf olwkdY\ rsufESmrsm;udk xkdwyfzGJUu jrifawGUroGm;ap&ef wpfbufokdY vSnfhxm;vkdufonf/ xkdwyfzGJUonfvnf; [lusif;ESihf ausmufrdefudk vHk;0 *½krxm;bJ qufvuf csDwufNrJ csDwufoGm;Mu awmhonf/ [lusif;onf ol\ ukokdvfuH axmufrrItwGuf oufjyif;&Snf MuD; csvkdufrdonf/ jrif;Zufudk udkifí jrif;udk taomhESif&ef jyifqifvdkufpOfrSmyif rGef*kdjrif;oHk;pD;udk t&Sdeft[kef jyif;pGmjzihf olYxHodkY a&muf&Sdvmawmh onf/ xkdjrif;oHk;pD;wGif tv,frS jrif;pD;yk*d¾KvfrSm rif;om;0wfpHkESifh jzpfNyD; ab;ESpfbufrS vlrsm;rSmrl vuf0g;apmif; tbdk;MuD;ESpfa,muf jzpfonfh vkusefYESifh aumhydwkdY jzpfMuawmhonf/ [lusif;onf olwkdYESifh rsufESmcsif;rqkdif;rdap&ef jrif;ZufMudK;udk wpfbufodkY qGJvSnfhvkduf&ef [efjyifvkdufonf/ xkdtcdkufrSmyif vkusefY ESihf aumhydwkdYonf [lusif;udk awGUoGm;MuNyD; atmf[pfvkdufMuawmh onf/ ]]ocifrav; ...bmrS raMumufeJYawmh? usKyfwdkYvmNyD; ocifrav; udk u,fzdkY usKyfwdkY vmNyD}} vkusefYonf avwpfcsuf cRefvkdufonf/ xkdavcRefoHonf twGif;tm; jynfh0vSojzifh b0*fodkYwdkif wufoGm;onfhtvm; xifrSwf&ayonf/ xkdavcRefoHaMumifh ta0;okdY a&muf&SdaeNyDjzpfonfh vufajzmihf av;orm;&Spfa,muf ygaom wyfzGUJonf uqkefpkdif;í jyefvSnfhvmum [lusif;tm; 0dkif;xm;vkdufawmhonf/ [lusif;onf ausmufrdeftm; pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf Munhfvdkufrdonf/ ol\ rsufvHk;rsm;wGif ar;cGef;aygif; axmifaomif;udk ar;jref;vsuf &Sdaeonf/ [lusif;\ trlt&mu ... ]]'g rif;&JU OmPfeDOmPfeufawG tukefyJvm;? ighudk zrf;zdkY axmifacsmufqifwm 'DvkdyJ qif&ovm;}} [k ar;aeoa,mifyif/ okYd aomf ausmufred \ f rsuEf mS rSm ol xifxm;ouJo h Ykd r[kw/f tvGef pk;d &draf MumufvefYae[ef ay:aeonfukd awGU&aomtcg usrS rdrd txifrSm;aeNyDjzpfaMumif; [lusif; odvkdufawmhonf/ ausmufrdef ESifh yufowfonfh cHpm;csuf wpfckonfvnf; &ifxJü oufom&m &oGm;cJh&awmhonf/ [lusif;onf ausmufrdef opömazmufonhf tcsufudkom rcH,lvkdjcif; jzpfonf/ ausmufrdef opöm razmufoa½GU [lusif;taejzihf rnfonfht&mudk rqkd &ifqkdif0Hhonf/ xkd;azmufwkdufcdkuf0Hhonf/ rnfonfh tcuftcJudk rqkd ajz&Sif;Ekdifrnf[k ,HkMunfonf/ xkdpOf ausmufrdefu tv,frS rif;om;0wfpHkESifh vltm; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tpfudkeJY 'Dvkdae&mrSm vmawGUvdrfhr,fvkdY vHk;0 rxifrdbl;? azazaum aeaumif;&JUvm;}} xk d t cgusrS rif ; om; 0wf p H k E S i f h v l o nf ausmuf r d e f \ tpf u d k jzpf a Mumif ; [l u sif ; taejzih f od&Sdvkduf&awmhonf/ xkdrif;om vli,fonf ausmufrdef\ tpfudkwpfa,mufjzpfonfh rif;om; 0rfaygif yifwnf;/ 0rfaygifonf rdrd ESri,fav;\ tajctaeudk jrifawGUvkduf& aomtcg rsufarSmifukwf&if; ar;vdkufonf/ ]]nDrav; ...rif; ...u}} ausmufrdefu ... ]]tpfudk ...uRefrudk rormwJh vlwpfa,mufu wkdufcdkufvkdY 'Pf&m&cJhwmyg? a[m'Du tpfudku u,fvdkufvkdY uRefr raocJh&wm? EkdYrdkY qkd&if tpfudkYudk uRefr ckvkd awGUEdkifawmhrSm r[kwfbl;}} vkusefYonf rif;om; 0rfaygifteD;odkY uyfí wkd;nif;pGm ajymvkdufonf/ ]]rif;om;av; ...'D aumifukd rodb;l vm;? 'Daumif[m raumif; qk;d 0g;*dP k ;f u use;f [lusi;f qkw d hJ taumify}J } 828
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; 0rfaygifonf usef;[lusif;udk rjrifzl;aomfvnf; emrnfudkrl aumif;pGm Mum;odxm;ol jzpfayonf/ ,ck rdrd\ ESruav;onf usef;[lusif;\ &ifcGifxJ a&mufaeaMumif; awGUvdkuf&aomtcg olr\ oabmaMumifh a&muf&Sdaejcif; r[kwf? usef;[lusif;\ jcdrf;ajcmufrI aMumifh ,ckvkd a&mufae&jcif; jzpf&rnf[k ,lqvdkufonf/ xkdYaMumifh olonf vufwpfbufudk a0SY,rf;vdkufonf/ xkdcP twGif;wGif vkusefYESifh aumhydwkdYu [lusif;tm; wpfbufwpfcsufrS 0ef;&HvkdufNyD;? vufajzmifh av;orm; &Spfa,mufteufrS av;a,muf uvnf; [lusif;\ aemufausmudk av;jrm;ESihf csdef½G,fxm;vkdufMu awmhonf/ rif;om; 0rfaygif vufwpfcsuf vIyfvkdufonfESihf xkdolrsm;onf [lusif;tm; wkdufcdkufMuayawmhoonf/ 0rfaygifu [lusif;tm; ajym vdkufonf/ ]]usef;[lusif; ...cifAsm;[m *kdPf;csKyfMuD; wpfa,mufyg? omref *dkPf;csKyfMuD; wpfa,mufvnf; r[kwfbl;? okdif;avmurSm tifrwef ausmfMum;aewJh *kdPf;csKyfMuD; wpfa,mufyg? bmjzpfvkdY usKyf&JU nDrav;udk rw&m; tEdkifusifh ae&wmvJ? cifAsm; r&Sufbl;vm;? usKyf nDrav;udk tjrefqHk; vTwfvdkufyg? cifAsm;udkvJ usKyfu zrf;rxm;ygbl;? jyefvTwf vkdufrSmygyJ}} ausmufrdefu 0rfaygiftm; vSrf;ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tpfudk bmawG ajymaewmvJ? olu uRefrukd u,fvmcJhwJhvlyg? tpfudk ajymovkd tEkdifusifhaewJhvl r[kwfygbl;? bm taMumif;awGudk MunhfNyD;? tEdkifusifh aew,fvdkY ajym&wmvJ}} [lusif;url 0rfaygif rif;om;u txifvGJaerSef; odojzifh ausmufrdefudk jrif;ay:wGif xm;cJhNyD; tajctaersm;udk &Sif;jy&eftwGuf jrif;ay:rS ckefqif;vkdufonf/ [lusif; twGuftq vGJrSm;oGm;acsNyD/ rif;om; 0rfaygifonf þ tcGifhta&;udk apmifhqkdif;aejcif;om jzpfonf/ ol\ ESri,fEiS fh [lusif;wkYd yl;wGaJ eorQ ol\ ESri,ftwGuf tEÅ&m,f tjynht f 0 &Sad eaMumif; odaeonf/ [lusif;ESifh ol\ ESri,f uGJuGmoGm;vQif ol\ ESri,ftwGuf vHkNcHK pdwfcsoGm;&NyD jzpfí uwdtwdkif; raqmif&GufawmhbJ [lusif;tm; tjywf&Sif;ypf&ef &nf½G,fxm;jcif; jzpfayonf/ rif;om; 0rfaygifonf [lusif; jrif;ay:rS vTm;ceJ ckefqif;vkdufonfESifh wpfjydKifeuf vuf0g;apmif; tbkdk;MuD;ESpfa,muftm; rsuf&dyf jyvkdufawmhonf/ xkdtcg vkusefYESifh aumhydwkdYonf [lusif;tm; csufcsif;yif a&SUydwf aemufydwf wdkufcdkufMuawmhonf/ usefxdyfoD;odkif;orm; rsm;uvnf; 0ifa&mufwdkufcdkufMuavNyD/ [lusif;taejzifh ausmufrdefudk *½krpdkufEkdifawmhbJ vkusefYESifh aumhydwkdYtm; tjyif;txef ckcHae&onfh tcsdefwGif rif;om; 0rfaygifonf ausmuffrdeftem;odkU ajy;oGm;avonf/ ausmufrdefonf olYtpfudk 0rfaygif\ &nf&G,fcsufudk &dyfrdojzifh atmf[pf owday;awmhonf/ ]][lusif; ...uRefrudk u,fygOD;? uRefrudk t&ifu,fyg ...uRefr olwkdYaemuf ygoGm;vdrfhr,f}} 0rfaygifonf olYESr olwkdYESifh rvkdufvdkaMumif; twdtvif; atmf[pf ajymqkdaeoHudk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg ausmufrdefudk twif; ayGUcsDNyD;? olYjrif;ay:odkY wifum 'kef;pdkif; xGufcGmoGm;awmhonf/ tu,fpifppftm;jzifh ausmufrdefonf olYtpfudk rif;om;0rfaygif xuf okdif;ynm tqifhtwef; ydkjrifhol jzpfonf/ okdYaomf olrü csLusL;\vufcsufjzifh &&Sdxm;aom 'Pf&maMumifh tiftm;rsm;pGm qkwf,kwfaeonf/ rif;om;0rfaygiftm; ckcH wkdufcdkufEkdifrnfh tiftm; vHk;0 r&Sdojzifh [lusif;udkom wGifwGif atmf[pf tultnD awmif;ae& awmhonf/ ]][lusif; ...uRefrudk u,fyg ...uRefrudk u,fyg}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\ tultnD awmif;oHudk Mum;&onf/ odkYaomf olYtzdkY trsm;ESifh wpfa,muf wkdufcdkufae&jcif; jzpfojzifh ausmufrdeftm; ½kwfw&uf csufcsif; ru,fEkdifacs/ [lusif;onf ol\ twGif;tm;rsm;udk tjynfht0 xkwfum vuf0g;apmif;ESpfcsufudk qufwkduf qifhxkwf ½dkufcsvkdufonf/ [lusif;\ vuf0g;apmif;rsm;onf tvGef jyif;xefvSojzifh avjyif;udkyif [l;[l;xoGm;apawmhonf/ 829
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; vuf0g;apmif; tbkd;MuD;ESpfa,mufwkdYonf xkdvuf0g;apmif; ESpfcsuf\ aMumufrufzG,f&m tiftm;MuD; vSyu kH kd od&MdS uojzifh xdyw f u dk rf ckc0H ahH wmhbJ aMumuftm;vefYtm;ESihf aemufoYkd ckeq f w k f a&Smifwrd ;f vku d Mf uawmhonf/ xkdpOf [lusif;onf ukd,fazmhodkif;ynmudk toHk;jyKí olYudk 0kdif;0ef; wkdufcdkufaeMuolrsm;\ OD;acgif;ay:rS &dyfceJ ckefausmfxGuf oGm;um rif;om;0rfaygif\ jrif;aemufokdY ajy;vkdufoGm;awmhonf/ vuf0g;apmif; tbdk;MuD;ESpfa,muESihf usefodkif;orm;rsm;onf [lusif;tm; wm;qD;&ef MudK;pm;Muonf/ odYk aomf a&ay: rsOf;om; ouJo h Ykd tcsnf;ES;D t&mrxif jzpfMu&awmhonf/ tb,faMumifh qkad omf olwYdk tm;vH;k onf [lusif;\ udk,fazmhodkif;ynmudk vHk;0 rrDMuaomaMumifh jzpfayonf/ rsm;rMumrDyif [lusif;onf 0rfaygif\ jrif;aemufodkY rDvmNyD; wpfcsuf ckefvkdufonfESifh 0rfaygif\ aemufausmokdY a&muf&SdoGm; avonf/ 0rfaygif\ vnf*kwfudk zrf;qGJvkdufNyD; aemufbufodkY vTifhypfvkdufaomtcg 0rfaygifonf Muufuav; iSufuav; wpfaumifudk vnfyif;rS qGJqkyfvTifhypfvkdufouJhodkY vGifhpif xGufoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;url ausmufrdefukd ayGUcsDNyD; ol\ vuf0Jbuf&Sd awmifukef; xufokdY tvsifjrefqHk;EIef;jzifh ajy;wufoGm;avonf/ vkuseYf onf avxJü ajcum;,m;? vufum;,m;jzifh vGiahf jrmuf usvmaom rif;om;0rfaygif xdcu kd 'f Pf&m r&apjcif;iSm ajrMuD;ay: ruscif xdef;ay;vkduf&onf/ aumhydESihf okdif;orm;rsm;url [lusif;\ aemufodkY qufvkdufoGm;Muonf/ okdYaomf awmifukef;onf jrifhrm;vSonfhtjyif ausmufwHk; ausmufcJrsm;? opfyifcsKHykwfrsm;jzifh zHk;vTrf;aeonfjzpf&m udk,fazmh odkif;ynm r&Sdolrsm;twGuf MuD;pGmaom tcuftcJ twm;tqD;MuD; rsm; jzpfaeayonf/ xkdYaMumifh aemufqHk;wGif olwdkYtm;vHk;onf [lusif;tm; vHk;0 rsnfjcnf;jywfoGm;NyD; trDvkduf&ef ta&;udk vufavQmhvdkuf&awmhonf/
830
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odYk aomf bke;f MuD;ESpyf g;u olYa&SUwGif wm;xm;vku d Mf uNyD; wpfyg; u vuf0g;wpfcsuf wGe;f xkwv f u dk o f nf/ [lusif;uvnf; ol\ vuf0g;udk wGef;xkwf ckcHvdkuf&awmhonf/ xkdtcg vuf0g;ESpfck yl;uyfoGm;Muawmhonf/ usefbkef;MuD; ESpfyg;u [lusif;ESifh twGif;tm;csif; jydKifaeaom bke;f MuD;\ aemufausmwGif olwYdk \ vuf0g;rsm;udk zdYk uyfxm;vku d Mf uonf/ oH;k a,muf ESifh wpfa,muf twGif;tm; jydKifMujcif;yif jzpfawmhonf/ [lusif;\ aepMumtwGif;tm; okdif;usifhpOfrSm twGif;tm; okdif;ynm&yfrsm;teuf taumif;qHk;aom teufeJqHk;aom odkif;usifhpOf MuD;jzpfí ,ck bkef;MuD;oHk;yg;wkdYonf twGif;tm; tvGef jynhf0vSonfh rSefaomfvnf; aepMumokdif;usifhpOf udkawmh wkbufjydKif&ef rwufEdkif cJhacs/ twGif;tm; jydKifcsdef Mumvmaomtcg bkef;MuD;oHk;yg;pvHk;\ rsufESmwpfckvHk; acR;oD;acR;aygufMuD;rsm; ,dkpD;usvmNyD; OD;acgif;xdyf rSvnf; tckd;taiGUrsm; axmif;axmif; xGufvmawmhonf/ [lusif;onf rdrd\ twGif;tm;udk þbkef;MuD;rsm; r,SOfEdkifaMumif; awGU&Sdvm&NyD; jzpfojzifh tvGef tm;wufoGm;onf/ tcsdef tenf;i,f MumonfESifh þbkef;MuD;rsm; tm;jywf vJus&ayawmhrnf/ odkYaomf þrQ ta&;MuD;aom tcsdefwGif vlwpfa,muf\ ajcoHudk ½kwfw&uf Mum;vkduf&NyD; rdrdtm; vuf0g;apmif;jzifh ckwfvkdufonfudk odvkduf&awmhonf/ [lusif;onf tvGef xdwfvefYwkefvIyfoGm;onf/ rdrd\ vGwfae aom b,fvufjzifh aemufjyef ½kdufNyD; wkdufcdkufvmaom vuf0g;apmif; udk ckcHumuG,f&ef pdwful;vkdufrdonf/ rnfrQ pdwful;rdaomfvnf; þtwdkif; aqmif&Guf&ef rnfodkYrQ rjzpfEkdifacs/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf ol\ wpfudk,fvHk; tm;rsm;udk nmbufvufwGif pkNyHKxm;NyD;? bkef;MuD; oHk;yg;wkdY ckcHwdkufcdkufae&aomaMumifh jzpfayonf/ b,fvufwGif rqdkpavmufaom tiftm;om usef&Sdaeonf/ xkdvufjzifh aemufbufrS wdkufcdkufvmonfh vuf0g;apmif;udk rnfodkY ckcHEkdifygrnfenf;/ xkdokdY rckcH EdkifaomaMumifh tvGef at;pufvSaom tm;vIdif; wpfckonf ol\ b,fvufrS wpfqifh ol\ &if0txd ½kwfw&uf ½kdufcwfvmaMumif; cHpm; od&Sd vkduf&awmhonf/ [lusif;onf vHk;0 rcHEdkifawmhbJ 0kef;ceJ vJus oGm;&awmhavonf/ ÄÄÄ vl&dyfwpfckonf [lusif; vJusoGm;onfh ae&modkY xyfrH ckeftkyf vkdufaMumif; awGUvdkuf&awmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf toHukefatmf[pf NyD; wm;jrpfvkdufonf/ ]]vkusefY ...&yfvkduf}} [lusif;tm; acsmif;ajrmif; wdkufcdkufolum; vuf0g;apmif; vkusefY jzpfaeownf;/ ausmufrdefonf [lusif;\ cE¨mukd,ftm; rdrd\ cE¨mudk,fjzifh umuG,fxm;vkdufNyD; a'gowMuD; atmf[pfaeonf/ ]]olYudk b,fol xd&JovJ? xd&J&if xdMunhfprf;}} vkusefYonf ol\ vuf0g;apmif;jzifh [lusif;tm; wpfcsufrQ xyf½dkufvdkufvQif [lusif; toufxGufoGm; awmhrnfudk aumif;pGm odonf/ odkYaomf ausmufrdefu a&SUrS umqD;xm;ojzifh [lusif;tm; xyf½kduf&ef tcGifhromawmhbJ jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh aemufokdY qkwfvkduf&onf/ NyD;aemuf pl;&Sus,favmifaom avcRefoH wpfcsuf ay;vkdufawmhonf/ rMumrDyif jrif;oH;k pD;jzifh vlo;kH a,muf 'ke;f pdik ;f a&muf&v dS m awmhonf/ wpfa,mufrmS aumhy?d wpfa,mufrmS rif;om; 0rfaygif? aemufqHk; wpfa,mufrSm ppfaoemywdcsKyfMuD; [mrmyl&D yifjzpf awmhonf/ [mrmyl&Donf ol\ orD; ausmufrdeftm; awGUvkduf&aomtcg rsufarSmufukwfí ar;vkdufonf/ ol\ toHonf MoZmtmPm jynhf0 vSojzifh ausmufrdefyif xdwfceJ jzpfoGm;rdonf/ ]]orD; ...ausmufrdef ...bmjzpfvkdY rif; tpfudk&JU pum;udk em; axmif&wmvJ? udk,fh tpfudkudk 'DvkdyJ uvefuqef vkyf&ovm;}} 834
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ausmufrdefonf ol\ zcifMuD;udk awGUvdkuf&aomtcg rsuf&nf pufvufjzifh ... ]]tazu ...olrsm;awGudk ac:NyD; tEkdifusifhcdkif; w,faygh [kwfvm;}} [mrmyl&Donf jrif;ay:rS atmufodkY qif;vdkufonf/ ausmufrdef onf "m;aNr§mifwpfacsmif;udk vsifjrefpGm qGJxkwfvkdufNyD;? olr\ &if0 udk axmufxm;vkduf&if; olr\ zcifMuD;tm; vSrf;ajymvkdufonf/ ]]taz ...orD;tem; ruyfeJYaemf ...taz orD;&JU qE´udk rvdkufavsmbl; qkd&ifawmh orD; taza&SUrSmyJ owfaojyvkdufr,f? orD; aoG;raMumifwwfbl;qkdwm tazodw,f r[kwfvm;}} [mrmyl&Donf owdÅt&mü NydKifpH&Sm; ausmfMum;vSol jzpfaomfvnf; orD;udk cspfonfhaZmjzifh xdwfvefYwkefvIyfoGm;um aemufodkY ajcwpfvSrf; qkwfoGm;rdawmhonf/ pdk;&dyfwMuD;jzifh vSrf;wm;jrpf vkdufonf/ ]][Jh ...orD; ...pum; aumif;aumif; ajymyg? "m;awG bmawGeJY vkyfaeygeJY? orD;u vmvkdcsifvkdYvJajym? taz wufEkdifwmqkd aqmif &Gufay;r,f}} ausmufrdefonf olYycHk;rS tusÐpudk qGJNzJvkdufNyD; ywfwD;udk ajzjyvkdufonf/ vufig;acsmif;\ taygufrsm;rSm xif&Sm;pGm awGUae& awmhonf/ [mrmyl&Donf olYorD;u olESifh tqifajyajy pum;ajymaeonfudk awGUvdkuf&ojzifh MuD;us,faom 'Pf&mrsm; r&Sd[k rSwfxifxm;cJhrd onf/ ,ckrl þrQ jyif;xefaom 'Pf&mMuD;rsm;udk awGUvkduf&aomtcg tvGef xdwfveYf wkefvIyfoGm;NyD; ... ]]'g ...'g b,fvkdjzpfwmvJ? b,folvkyfvdkY 'DavmufMuD;us,fwJh 'Pf&mMuD; &cJhwmvJ? ajymprf;}} ausmufrdefonf vkusefYbufodkY vufñSKd; nTefjyvdkufonf/ ]]'Dvl ...vlaumif; r[kwfbl; taz? 'Dvl ...vl,kwfrm orD;udk t"r®usifhzdkY MudK;pm;w,f? orD;u olYtvkdrwlawmh ol ...olu 'Dvkd vufeJY xkd;pdkufvkdufwmyJ? taz 'Dudpöudk w&m;ojzifh jzpfatmif pD&if ay;yg}} vkusefYonf ausmufrdef\ pum;rsm;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg vefYzsyfoGm;onf/ ol\ tEÅ&m,fudkvnf; MudKjrifvdkufonf/ xkdYaMumifh uref;uwef;yif ajz&Sif;csufxkwf&ef MudK;pm;rdonf/ ]]t&SifMuD; ...uRefawmfrsKd; taeeJY rif;orD;udk 'Dvkd rapmfum;&Jygbl;? 'Dvkd udprö sKd;udk rif;orD;av; tay:rSm wpfoufvHk; rvkyf&Jygbl;}} [mrmyl&Donf 0if;0if;awmufaeaom rsufvHk;rsm;jzifh vkusefYtm; a'gowMuD; pdkufMunhfaeonf/ ol tifrwef cspfvSaom orD;udk apmfum;onf[k avoHMum;vkduf½HkrQyif xkdolYtzdkY ao'Pf xkdufoifh aeavmufNyD/ [mrmyl&D\ pum;oHrsm;onf wpfvHk;csif; at;aq;pGm xGufvmonf/ odkYaomf xkdat;aq;rI\ aemufuG,fwGif aorif; &Sdaeayonf/ ]]vkusefY ...rif;[m w,ftwif;&Jyguvm;? t&ifwpfcg igh&JU rdef;rti,fqHk; wpfa,mufudkvJ rif; apmfapmfum;um; vkyfcJhw,f? ig cGifhvTwfcJhw,f? tck rif;u igh&JU orD;udkawmif apmfum;csif jyefNyDayghav? zrf;vkdufMuprf; 'Dirdkufom;udk}} xkdtcsdefwGif [mrmyl&D\ wyfzGJUrsm;onf [mrmyl&D\ aemufbufü &SdaeMuNyDjzpf&m trdefYoHudk Mum;vkduf&onfESifh vkusefYwkdYtm; csufcsif; 0kdif;vkdufawmhonf/ vkusefYonf csufcsif; oabmaygufoGm;onf/ ,cktcsdefwGif ol rnfokdYrQ ajyvnfatmif &Sif;jyonf jzpfap [mrmyl&Dtaejzifh vufcH awmhrnf r[kwfaMumif; aumif;pGm em;vnfoGm;onf/ xdkYaMumifh ol\ *kdPf;wlnD aumhyt d m; rsuf&yd w f pfcsufjyvku d Nf yD; vSnx hf u G af jy;oGm; awmhonf/ aumhyo d nfvnf; vkusefYaemufrS xyfMuyfruGm xGufajy; vdkufygoGm;awmhonf/ [mrmyl&D\ oufawmfapmifh wyfom;rsm;onfvnf; þvuf0g;apmif; tbkd;MuD; ESpfOD;\ tpGrf;udk aumif;pGmod&Sdxm;olrsm;jzpf&m wu,fwrf; vkdufrzrf;&JMubJ [efaqmifacsmufvefY½Hkom vkdufzrf;Muonf/ xkdYaMumifh vkusefYESifh aumhydwdkYonf wjznf;jznf; a0;uGm aysmuf uG,foGm;awmhonf/ [mrmyl&Donf ausmufrdeftm; ajymvdkufonf/ ]]orD; ...orD;&JU 'Pf&mu odyfMuD;aew,f? tazeJY jyefvdkufcJhyg? taz aq;ukay;r,f? aysmufoGm;wJhtcg orD; oabmusjyefaeaygh}} ausmufrdefonf [lusif;udk vufñSKd;xdk;jyum ... 835
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]taz ...oluom orD;udk vkusefYvufxJu u,fay;cJhwJholyg? tck orD;wkdY oleJYtwlwl udpöwpfck aqmif½Gufp&m &Sdaeygw,f? 'Dudpö NyD;&ifawmh orD;u oleJY twlwl tazhudk vmawGUyghr,f}} [mrmyl&Donf olYorD;av;\ avoHü usef;[lusif;qkdaom vli,fESifh vufxyfvkdonfh t&dyfta,mifrsm; ygaeonfudk odvkdufrd onf/ xkdYaMumifh [mrmyl&Donf acgif;w,rf;,rf; jzpfoGm;rdonf/ onfusef;[lusif;qkdaom vli,fonf rGef*dkrsm;udk awmfvSefwdkufcdkufaeonfh tvif;rmef*dkPf;MuD;\ *dkPf;csKyfMuD; r[kwfygvm;/ rdrdwkdY\ t"du& &efolMuD; wpfa,mufESifh rdrd\ orD; vufxyfxdrf;jrm;a&;onf tb,fokdY jzpfajrmufEkdifygrnf;enf;/ odkYaomf [mrmyl&Donf tawGUtMuHK MuG,f0ol jzpfojzifh orD;jzpfol ausmufrdef\ tvkdudk wdkuf½dkuf qefYusif rjyKbJ acsmharmí ac:onf/ ]]tck olYukd tazwdYk eYJ twlwl NrdKUay:udo k m twlvu kd cf ikd ;f vku d yf g [kad &muf&if tazMunfNh yD; pDpOfay;rSmaygh? orD;vJ aumif;aumif; aq;ukEdkifwmaygh}} oufawmfapmifh av;a,mufwkdYonf [mrmyl&D\ pum;qHk;onfESihf [lusif;tm; wGJac:&ef tem;odkY a&muf&Sdvmawmhonf/ xkdtcg ausmufrdefonf rsuf&nfrsm; awGawGusqif;vmNyD; olr\ zcifMuD; tm; vSrf;ajymvdkufonf/ ]]taz ...tazu orD;aowmudk wu,f jrifaecsifNyD;aygh [kwfvm;}} ausmufrdefonf ajymajymqkdqkdjzifh "m;ajr§mifudk atmufodkY tenf; i,f xkd;pdkufvkdufonf/ "m;zsm;onf tom;wGif;odkY tenf;i,f pdkuf 0ifoGm;NyD; &if0rS aoG;rsm; ,kdpD;usvmum aoG;csif;csif; eD&JoGm;avonf/ [mrmyl&Donf tvefYwMum; atmf[pf wm;jrpfvkdufonf/ ]]orD; ...rvkyfeJY}} ausmufrdefu idkaMuG;&if;rS ... ]]taz ...orD; trdkufrudk cGifhvTwfygawmh? tazh oabmwl cGifhjyKcsuf r&bJeJY orD;oleJY tdrfaxmifjyKNyD; oGm;ygNyD;? tck qkd&if orD;rSm y#doaE¨awmif &SdaeygNyD? taz olYudk owfr,fqkd&if owfyg? olYudk owfNyD;wmeJY orD;udkyg owfvkdufygawmh}} [k ½SdKufiif&if; ajymvkduf awmhonf/ olr\ pum;rsm;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg [mrmyl&DESifh 0rfaygif wkYdomru tm;vHk;aom vlrsm; xdwfvefY wkefvIyfoGm;Muawmhonf/ [lusif;rSmrl rdrd\ tHhMorIudk rnfodkYrQ xkwfazmfjy&ef rwufEdkifatmif jzpfoGm;&onf/ aMomf ...rdrdtay: tcspfMuD;vGef;vSaom rGef*dk rif;orD;uav; wpfyg;yguvm;/ ausmufred o f nf olr t&Suw f uGJ tusKd;enf; jzpf&rnfph um; rsm;udk vH;k 0 *½krpdu k /f rdr\ d touftEÅ&m,f vGwfajrmufa&;udkom tpGrf;ukef umuG,faeaMumif; [lusif; odvkdufonf/ rdef;uav;wpf a,muf\ t&Sufudk xdcdkufaprnfh þokdYaom umuG,fenf;rsKd;jzifh rdrdtm; u,fwifvdrfhrnf[k vHk;0 rxifrSwfcJhacs/ [mrmyl&Donf a'goxGufoGm;ojzifh ol\ ajcaxmufudk ajrMuD; ay:odkY aqmihfcs&if; ar;vkdufonf/ ]]orD; ...wu,fajymaewmvm;}} ausmufrdefu ½SKduf&if; jyefajzvkdufonf/ ]]'Davmuf &Supf &m aumif;wJh udprö sKd;udk orD;u b,fajymcsifygh rvJ taz? rwwfEidk af wmhwhJ tajctaersKd; rdkYvdkY zGifhajym&wmyg? r[kwfbJeJY orD;[m udk,fht&Sufudk cGJNyD; avQmufajymaeyghrvm;? orD; rdkufukd cGifhvTwfygawmh taz}} [mrmyl&D\ rsufESmwpfckvHk ; aZmacR;rsm; jyefaeawmhonf/ a'gojzpfjcif; emMunf;jcif;? *½kPm a'gaomjzpfjcif;? oem;jcif;wdkY jzifh vTrf;NcHKaeaom a0'emudk tHwif;wif;Mudwfí cHpm;ae&ayawmhonf/ olonf ppfyGJtvDvDudk atmifjrifpGm wdkufcdkufEkdif&ef OD;aqmifcJhonf/ ppfyGJrsm;ü jzpfay:vmaom tcuftcJrsm;udk wpfvTmcsif; wpfuefYcsif; ajyvnfatmif ajz&Sif;ay;cJhonf/ okdYaomf ,ckuJhodkYaom cspforD; uav;\ jyóemrsKd;udk wpfaeYaeYwGif ajz&Sif;ay;&vdrfhrnf [lí tdyfrufyif rrufcJhzl;acs/ ,ckuJhokdY ajz&Sif;&cufaom udpörsKd;ü ol\ OD;aESmufudk rnfokdYrQ toHk;rcsEdkifatmif jzpfNyD;? OD;acgif; w,rf;,rf;jzifh pdwfysuf nnf; nLaerdawmhonf/ 0rfaygifu 0ifí ajymvkdufonf/ 836
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]nDrav; ...rif;eJY usef;[lusif; ESpfa,mufpvHk; 'Pf&m&aeMuw,f r[kwfvm;? tck avmavmq,f tazeJY twlwl jyefNyD; 'Pf&mudk aysmufatmif ukvkduf? aemufawmhrS tazudk,fwdkif OD;pD;NyD; r*FvmyGJudk usif;yay;r,f? 'Dvdkqdk&if tazvJ pdwfcsrf;om oGm;r,f? nDrav;eJY usef;[lusif;vJ usef;usef;rmrmeJY tvkdjynhfoGm;Mur,f? 'D tMuHtpnf raumif;bl;vm;}} 0rfaygif\ pum;onf ,kwdÅ,wÅm &SdNyD;? usKd;aMumif; nDnTwf onfrSm rSefonf/ odkYaomf ...olwkdYonf tvdr®mowfí jyefac:aejcif;om jzpfaMumif; ausmufrdef odonf/ [lusif;om olwkdY vufxJ a&mufoGm;vQif rnfokdYrQ touf&SifEkdif&efvrf; r&SdawmhaMumif; aumif;aumif; odonf/ ausmufrdef udk,fwdkifu rGef*dkrdef;uav; jzpfonfhtjyif 0rfaygif ajymonfh y&d,m,f pum;rsKd;udk olrudk,fwkdif aemausaeatmif oHk;pGJxm;cJhzl;ol jzpfojzifh vHk;0 vufcH&ef pdwfrul;ay/ xkdYaMumifh ausmufrdefu ... ]]taz ...orD;tzdkY 'Dtajctae a&mufrSawmh orD;[m olYaemuf ukdyJ vkduf&awmhrSmyg? 'Dawmh enf;vrf; ESpfvrf;yJ &Sdygw,f taz? tazh taeeJY orD;wdkY ESpfa,mufpvHk;udk vTwfcsifvTwf? rvTwfcsifbl; qkd&ifawmh orD;wkdY ESpfa,mufpvHk; b,frS rvdkufbl;? 'Dae&mrSmyJ aovkdufawmhr,f}} [mrmyl&Donf a'gojzifh atmfvkdufonf/ ]]orD;ajymwm vG,fvScsnfvm;? aoaocsmcsm pOf;pm;prf;? orD; [m 'DaumifeYJ vdkufoGm;&ifawmh orD;[m igh&JU orD;r[kwfawmhbl;? ighudk tazvkdYvJ rac:eJYawmh em;vnf&JUvm;}} ausmufrdefonf &J&ifhjywfom;onfh rdef;uav;jzpfaomfvnf; tazjzpfolESifh tpfudkjzpfolwkdYtm; tvGef cspfcifwG,fwmonhf rdefuav; wpfa,muf jzpfonf/ wu,fwrf;tm;jzifh tazESifh tpfudkwkdYudk cGJcGm&ufol r[kwfacs/ okdYaomf ...,ck tajctaeü olruom wpfcsufuav; ,drf;,kdif awGa0oGm;vQif rdrd\ ESvHk;om;rsm;udk yHkí cspf&ol toufqHk;½IH; oGm;&acsawmhrnf/ xkdYaMumifh ,ck avmavmq,f tajctaewGif cspfoludk u,fwifNyD;rS tazESifh tpfudkwdkYudk aemufrS 0efcsawmif;yef &ef qHk;jzwfvkdufawmhonf/ ]]taz ...tpfu?kd uRefrudk cGiv hf w T Mf uygawmh? trdu k rf udk cGiv hf w T f Muygawmh? uRefr arT;wJrh ;D yg? uk, d af rT;wJh rD;aMumifh udk,ftavmifcH& wmudk orD;bmomyJ &ifpnf;cHyg&apawmh}} [mrmyl&Donf ol\ orD;udk rnfokdYrQ azsmif;zsí &Edkifawmhrnf r[kwfrSef; odvdkuf&ojzifh pdwfavQmhvdkuf&awmhonf/ olYorD; pdwf"mwfudk olaumif;aumif; odonf/ oluom wu,f twif;tusyfvkyfvQif ausmufrdef udk,fhudk,fukd owfaoayvdrfhrnf/ xdkYaMumifh oufjyif;csvdkufonfESifhtwl rsuf&nfaygufMuD;rsm; wvdrfhvdrfh pD;qif;usvmavonf/ ]]orD; ...orD; pdwfcsrf;omovkdom vkyfygawmh? azazwdkY oGm;awmhr,f? orD;&JU usef;rma&;udkawmh ukd,fhudk,fudk aumif;aumif; *½kpdkufyguG,f}} ausmufrdefonf acgif;udkom ndwfjyvdkufawmhonf/ olr zcifMuD;\ aMuuGJ 0rf;enf;aernfh rsufESmudk vHk;0 rMunhf&Jacs/ ppfyGJ tvDvDudk atmifjrifpGm wdkufcdkufcJhaom ppfaoemywdcsKyftdkMuD;onf ol\ orD;tm; t½HI;ay;vsuf acgif;idkufpkdufcsum awmifukef;atmufodkY ol\ udk,f&Hawmf wyfzJGUrsm;ESifhtwl qif;oGm;av awmhonf/ ausmufred w f YkdEiS hf tawmftwef uGmvSr;f aom ae&modYk a&mufaomtcgrS [mrmyl&o D nf ol\ ppfom;rsm;udk trdefYay;vkdufonf/ ]]'Djrif;ESpfaumifudk olwkdYudk oGm;ay;vkdufprf;}} oufawmfapmifh ESpfa,mufonf jrif;ESpfaumifudk ,lí ausmufrdef\ vufwGif;odkY ay;tyfvkdufawmhonf/
837
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rsm;rMumrD awmifukef;ay:wGif [lusif;ESifh ausmufrdefwkdYrS ty vlqkdí wpfOD;wpfa,mufrQ r&Sdawmhay/ [lusif;onf wifysOfacGxdkifvsuf ol\ &if0ü ckdatmif;aeonfh tat;"mwfudk jyefxGuf&ef MudK;pm;ae& awmhonf/ olonf a0ghceJ a0gceJ aoG;rnf;rsm; ESpfMudrf ESpfcgrQ xkd;tefNyD;onfh tcgusrS tenf;i,f oufom&m &oGm;onf/ ausmufred u f rl [lusi;f \ rsuEf mS udk pk;d &drw f MuD; Munhv f suo f m &Sad eawmhonf/ [lusi;f onf ausmufred \ f twGif;pdwfudk od&Sdvkduf ojzifh nifomaom avoHjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]ausmufrdef 'Dwpfcgawmh rif;tzkdY tMuD;us,fqHk; 'ku©a&muf jcif;yJaemf}} ausmufrdefurl [lusif;\ pum;rsm;udk *½krpdkufacs/ olr ajymcsiffonfh pum;udkom wGifwGif ajymvkdufonf/ ]][lusif; ...tckqkd uRefr rif;orD; r[kwfawmhbl;? &SifhtjrifyJ? &Sif uRefrudk &efolvdkyJ oabmxm; wkef;yJvm;}} [lusif;onf jznf;nif;pGm x&yfvkduf&if; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ...ig wpfckar;r,f? rSefrSef ajzaemf? igh&JU wpf0rf;uGJ nDr tm;vD&JU rsufESmudk "m;eJYjcpfvkdufwm b,folvJ? rif;vm;...}} ausmufrdefu acgif;cg,rf; ajzvkdufonf/ ]][ifhtif; ...uRefr r[kwfbl;}} ]]'gjzifh b,folvJ}} ]]tcktcsdefrSm &Sifhudk ajymjyvkdY rjzpfao;bl;? bMuD;&SufpGef; aumif;aumif; tajzay;ygvdrfhr,f? tJ'DawmhrS w&m;cH b,folvJ qkdwm &SifodoGm;vdrfhr,f}} [lusif;u wtHhwMo ajymvkdufonf/ ]]b,fvdk ...igh tazMuD;u 'Dudpöudk bmaMumifh aumif;aumif; odae&rSmvJ}} ausmufrdefonf [lusif;\ tHhMorIudk xyfrH rajz&Sif;awmhacs/ pum;udkom jzwfcsvdkufonf/ ]][lusif; ...&Sif 'gawGudk pOf;pm;raeeJYOD;? tck ta&;MuD;wmu a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;udk tjrefqHk; a&mufatmif oGm;zdkYyJ? jyóem&JU t&if;tjrpf[m a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;rSm &Sdw,f ....}} ]]at; ...[kww f ,f? rif; ajymovkd jyóem&JU t&if;tjrpf[m a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;rSm &SEd ikd w f ,fqw dk mvJ jzpfEkdifygw,f? 'gayr,fh tckcsufcsif; oGm;zdkYvkdovm;? bmjzpfvkdY a&Smifvifausmif;udk ta&;wMuD; oGm;cdkif; ae&wmvJ}} ]]&Sifh tazMuD; &SufpGef;udk u,frvkdYaygh}} [lusif;onf tvGef tHhMooGm;ojzifh yg;pyfta[mif;om; jzpfoGm;onf/ ]]igh tazMuD;u b,fvkdaMumifh a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;xJ a&mufae&wmvJ}} ausmufrdefu wdwdusus aoaocsmcsmyif ajymvkdufonf/ þodkY ajymEdkif&efvnf; taMumif; vHkvHkavmufavmuf &Sdaeonf/ ]]'DMum;xJu Zmwf½IyfMuD;udkawmh uRefr rodbl;? 'gayr,fh bMuD; &SufpGef; a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;rSm &Sad ewmuawmh taotcsmyJ? uRefr&JU oufawmfapmifh wpfa,mufu a&Smifvif bke;f MuD;ausmufrmS bke;f MuD;0wfNyD; olvQKd0ifvkyfaewm? ol owif;ay;wmuawmh twdtusyJ? bMuD;&SufpGef; a&Smifvifausmif;rSm &SdaeowJh}} [lusif;\ pdk;&drfaMumifhMurIonf txGwftxdyfodkY a&muf&SdoGm;&avNyD/ a&Smifvifausmif;ESifh olY tazMuD;onf tajyaom &efñSKd;MuD; &SdaecJhonf r[kwfygvm;/ a&Smifvifausmif;rS wyg; tjcm; rnfonfh ae&modkY a&mufa&muf olYtazMuD;twGuf avsmhavsmhayghaygh oufoufomom wGuf,lí &Edkifonf/ a&Smifvifausmif;qkdvQifawmh vG,fvdrfhrnf r[kwfacs/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;u ausmufrdefudk ajymvdkufonf/ ]]a&Smifvif*kdPf;&JU bkef;awmfMuD; cHk;usufudk ightazMuD;u ckESpfqifhvufoD;eJY xkd;vkdY ysHvGefawmfrlcJhwm? 'Djyóem[m enf;enf;aemaem jyóemrS r[kwfwm? a&Smifvif*dkPf;u 'Djyóemudk vGefcJhwJh tESpf ESpfq,fausmfuwnf;u wdkufcdkufzdkY MudK;pm;aeMuwm? taMumif;aMumif;aMumifh olwkdY rwdkufcdkufEdkifbJ 838
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; jzpfaecJhMu&wm? tck igh tazMuD; olwkdY vufxJ a&mufoGm;NyD; qkdawmh om;&JwGif;xJ usoGm; wmurS oufom&m &csif&vdrfhOD;r,f? olwkdYuawmh b,ftoufcsrf;omcGifh ay;vdrfhrvJ}} [lusif;u pdwfysufvufysufjzifh &Sif;jyaeaomfvnf; ausmufrdefurl pdwfavQmh[ef r&Sdacs/ þ rGef*dkrif;orD;uav;ü rukefqHk;Ekdifaom tMuHOmPfrsm; tNrJwrf; tqifoifh &SdaeyHk &ayonf/ ]]'gawmh &Sif ryleJY? &SifhtazMuD;&JU toufudk u,fEkdifwJh ypönf; wpfckawmh &Sdw,f}} ]]bmypönf;vJ}} ]]e*g;Ekdif"m;aygh}} [lusif;onf wpfcsufrQ pOf;pm;vkdufNyD;rS oabmaygufoGm;\/ e*g;Ekdif"m;udk odkif;avmuom; tm;vHk;u txGwftxdyf xm;Muonf/ xkd"m;udk rvkdcsifol? rydkifcsifol [lí odkif;avmuwGif wpfa,mufrQ r&Sdacs/ xkd"m;udk &&SdEdkif&ef toufaygif; rsm;pGm pGefYvTwfcJhMu&NyD; jzpfayonf/ a&Smifvif*dkPf;onfvnf; odkif;avmuwGif rSefuif; o&zlozG,f OD;aqmifvmcJhonfrSm ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm MumcJhNyD/ olwkdYonfvnf; þe*g;Ekdif"m;udk ykdifqkdifvkdMurnfom/ xkdYaMumifh þ"m;udk razmfxkwf Ekdifrcsif; olwkdY\ vufodkY þ"m; ra&mufrcsif; &SufpGef;udk owfMuvdrfhrnf r[kwfacs/ ausmufrdefu qufajymonf/ ]]bMuD;&SufpGef;udk u,fwJhudpörSm &SifeJY uRefr xifxifay:ay:MuD; aqmif½GufvkdY jzpfr,f rxifbl;? tvQKdU0SufqHk; aqmif½GufrS jzpfrSm? bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmh bMuD; &SufpGef; rodwJh aemufuG,f wpfae&m&mrSm tifrwef vQKdU0SufaewJh Zmwf½IyfMuD;wpfck &SdaeyHk&w,f? tvif;rmef *dkPf;MuD;rSm vlawmfawG rsm;w,f? rsm;vkdY a&Smifvifausmif;udk vmwkduf&ifvJ ESpfbufpvHk; tMuD;tus,f txdemMurSmyJ? a&Smifvifausmif; rSmvJ tifrwef awmfwJh vlawG &Sdaew,f r[kwfvm;? aemufwpfck ta&;tMuD;qHk; wpfcsufu bMuD;&SufpGef;udk olwkYd owfypfEkdifw,f? 'gaMumifhrdkY 'DudpöMuD;rSm tHkeJY usif;eJYvkyfvkdY rjzpfEkdifbl;vkdY uRefr ajymwm}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\ pum;rsm;udk wthhHwMo em;axmif aerdonf/ oludk,fwkdif þrQtxd a&SUa&;udk MudKí awG;qEdkifjcif; r&Sday/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;onf tm;yg;w& ajymvkdufawmhonf/ ]][kwfw,f ...[kwfw,f? rif;ajymwm rSefw,f}} ÄÄÄ [lusif;wkdYonf a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;okdY c&D;qufxGuf vmcJh Muonf/ c&D; wpfavQmufvHk; [lusif;tzdkY ol\ udk,fwGif;ü &&Sdxm;onfh twGif;'Pf&m aysmufuif;&efom MudK;pm;vm&onf/ ausmufrdef\ 'Pf&monf ycHk;wGif &&Sdonfh tom;'Pf&m jzpfonf/ tom;'Pf&monf aysmufuif;&ef vG,fulonf/ &uftenf; i,ftwGif; aysmufuif;Ekdifonf/ twGif;'Pf&monf tom;'Pf&muJhokdY aysmufuif;&efrvG,f/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;tzkdY c&D;vrf; wpfavQmufvHk; ol\ twGif;'Pf&mudk ukpm;vm&jcif; jzpfayonf/ c&D;vrf; tMum;&Sd ½Gmrsm;? pcef;rsm;ü axmufvSrf; pHkprf;Munhfaomtcg tajctae tawmftwefudk od&SdvkdufMu&onf/ xdkYjyif olwkdYtwGuf ukodkvfuH axmufraom tjzpf wpf&yfuvnf; ay:vmonf/ wnf;cdkcef;wpfckwGif a&Smifvif*dkPf;om;rsm; 0dkif;zGJU aqG;aEG;ae onfh pum;rsm;udk Mum;vkduf&onfh tjzpfyifwnf;/ olwdkY ESpfa,mufonf a&Smifvif*dkPf;om;rsm;\ pum;rsm;udk acsmif;í em;axmifaeMujcif; jzpfonf/ olY arG;pm;zcifMuD; a&Smifvifausmif;wkdufodkY a&muf&Sdvmjcif;\ tjzpfrSefum; þokdYwnf;/ &SufpGef;\ q&mjzpfaom csefcGef;(ac:) ½Tifusif; bkef;MuD;onf &SufpGef;udk zrf;rdoGm;NyD;? a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;odkY ac:aqmifvmum *dkPf;csKyf q&mawmfMuD; cHk;0ef\ vufodkY ay;tyfvkdufjcif;yif jzpf awmhonf/ csecf eG ;f \ tqkjd yKcsut f & ] jcaoFo h wfyJG } usi;f y&ef udpu ö kd cH;k 0efq&mawmfMuD;ESihf cH;k usd q&mawmfMuD;ESpyf g; udk,fwdkif zdwfMum; pmrsm; a&;í odkif;avmu&Sd emrnfMuD; odkif;orm;tm;vHk;udk jcaoFhowfyGJudk MuGa&mufMu&ef zdwfac:vkduf\/ / 839
rmwdum tcef; (94) tcef; (95) tcef; (96) tcef; (97) tcef; (98) tcef; (99) tcef; (100) tcef; (101) tcef; (102) tcef; (103) tcef; (104) tcef; (105)
a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;okdh . . . . . . . . . . . .840 rdk;xpfcsKef;oH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 846 jyefvnfjyifqifjcif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 858 vuf&nfwlwkdufyGJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870 xdyfwef; okdif;ynm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 876 okdif;ynm NydKifyGJBuD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .886 aoG;pGef;aom aehwpfaeh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 893 tusÐ0gESifh rdef;uav; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912 &efNidK; &efaMuG; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .923 pkaygif;nDnm atmifaMumif;jzm . . . . . . . . . 936 ajratmufcef;\ ½kyfyHkrsm; . . . . . . . . . . . . 944 tusÐeufESifh rdef;uav; . . . . . . . . . . . . . 948
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(94) a½Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;odkU ,ckwnf;cdkcef;ü aeMuolrsm;onf ,if;zdwfMum;pmrsm;udk udk,fwdkifudk,fus oGm;a&muf ay;ydkUMuolrsm; jzpfaeMuonf/ odkUaomf ]jcaoFhowfyJG} [líawmh zdwfMum;pmwGifa&;om;xm;jcif;r½Sday/ q&mawmfBuD;u zdwfac: vdkufaMumif;om yg0ifonf/ zdwfMum;xm;onfh &ufcsdef;onf ig;v\ vjynfhaeUjzpfonf/ ,cktcsdefürl ESpfvcefU vdkaeayao;onf/ aemufxyfq,f&uf c&D;jyif;ESiv f u kd af omtcg [lusi;f ESiahf usmufred w f Ukd onf a½Smifvif*P kd ;f \ awmifajcodUk a&muf½SdvmMuawmh\ ausmufrdefu [lusif;tm; tBuHOmPfay;onf/ [lusif;u t½Tef;azmufvdkufonf/ ]]b,fvdk ½kyfajymif;Mu&ifaumif;rvJ ? igu bkef;BuD;[efaqmifvdkufr,f? rif;uawmh r,ffoDv½Sifvdk ½kyfzsufvdkufaygh}} ausmufrdefu rsufapmif;wpfcsufxdk;vdkuf&if; ... ]]½SifhtBuHuawmh odyfaumif;wJhtBuHOmPfyJ ? bkef;BuD;eJU r,foDv½Sif wwJGwJGoGm;aewmudk jrif&if ab;uvlawG bmajymMurvJ}} 840
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\ cspfpzG,f rsufapmif;ESifhtajymuav;udk oabmusoGm;ojzifh w[m;[m; &,farm&if; ajymvdkufjyefonf/ ]]'Dvdkqdk&ifvJ rif;eJUigeJU vifr,m;vdk[efaqmifNyD; 'DawmifajcrSm xif;ckwfNyD; toufarG;0rf;ausmif;jyKwJh yHkpHrsdK;vkyfvdkufMuwmaygh raumif;bl;vm;}} ausmufrdefu rsufapmif;wpfcsuf xyfxdk;vdkufjyefonf/ ]]awmfyg ... armifErS qd&k if awmfa&maygh? awmfawmfMum vifr,m;vdk [efaqmifawmh csLusL;xyfawGUoGm;&if uRefrycHk;rSm taygufig;ayguf xyf&aetHk;r,f? ½Sifu uRefrudk 'Pf&m&aeapcsifw,fayghav}} [l u sif ; url NyH K ;íMunf h a evd k u f a wmh o nf / rnf o nf h p um;ud k r Q rajymawmh od k U aomf o l w d k U \ ajcaxmufrsm;url &yfem;aeMuonf r[kwfacs/ a½Smifvifausmif;onf a½Smifqufawmifay:wGif wnf½Sdayonf/ a½Smifvifawmifonf tvGefus,fjyefUNyD; jrifhrm;rwfonf/ [lusif;ESifhausmufrdefwdkU rdkifESpfq,fcefUvrf;avQmufrdMuaomtcg awmifajc½Sd v,form;wpfOD;\ tdrfudkawGUvdkufMu&onf/ xdktdrfwGif tcGifhaumif;,lí acwÅ wnf;Mu&ef pdwful;rdMuonf/ xdktdrfuav;wGif v,form;vifr,m; ESpfa,mufwnf;om½Sd\/ ESpfa,mufpvHk; touft½G,fBuD;&ifhaom tbdk;BuD;tbGm;BuD;rsm; jzpfMuonf/ [lusif;ESifh ausmufrdefwdkUu tdrfa½SUoGm;&yfvdkufonfESifh tbGm;BuD;u ESpfa,mufpvHk;udk ysLiSmpGm tdrfxJ0ifMu&ef ac:onf/ ½SdpkrJhpk pm;aomufzG,f&m uav; rsm;jzifh vnf; {nfhcH½Smonf/ ausmufrdefu aiG'*Fg;wpfxkyfudkay;um ... ]]bGm;bGm; ... uRefr tpfudku uRefrudk a,mu©rtdrfjyefydkUay;rvdkU? tck uRefr ajcaxmufawG
841
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf ausmufrdefESifh ajymqdkqufqH&mwGif rnfonfhtxdef;tuGyfrQ rxm;acs/ odkUaomf csLusL;ESifh vufxyf&efudpö½Sdojzifh olUtzdkUpdwfoGm;wdkif;udk,frygbJ jzpfae&onf/ [lusif;taejzifh csLusL;udka&m ausmufrdefudkyg cspfrdaomfvnf; ESpfa,mufpvHk; vufxyf,l&efta&;rSkm vHk;0rjzpfEdkifaMumif; odrdonf/ xdkUaMumifh csLusL;udpöNyD;jywfrSyif ausmufrdefudpörnfodkUrnfyHk aqmif½Guf&rnfudk pOf;pm;&rnf[k qHk;jzwfvdkufawmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh ,cktcsdeftwGif; olESifhausmufrdef ESpfa,mufwnf;½Sdaomfvnf; rnfodkUrQ vGefvGefusL;usL; rjzpfap&ef xdrf;odrf;aecJhayonf/ [lusif;onf aemufqHk;olrudk wpfBudrfrQerf;NyD; aemufckwifay:odkU tomt,m wifay;vdkufNyD; olurl ckwifa½SU½Sd cHkwef;½SnfwpfckwGif vJavsmif;aevdkufawmh onf/ ausmufrdefonf [lusif;\xdef;odrf;Edkifaom pdwf"mwfudk ydkrdktxifBuD; av;pm;rdawmhonf/ noef ; acgif , H o d k U a&muf a omtcg tjyif r S a jcoH r sm; Mum;vd k u f & ojzif h [l u sif ; onf qwf c eJ Edk;vmawmhonf/ ausmufrdefudkvnf; tomt,m ykwfEdk;vdkufonf/ ausmufrdefEdk;vmaomtcg tjyifrS vlwcsdKU\ wD;wdk;ajymoHrsm;udk em;pdkufaxmif vdkufonf/tbdk;BuD;ESifh tbGm;BuD;wdkU\ toHrsm;udkygMum;vdkufMu&onf/ [lusif;onf wHcg;Mum;rS vSrf;íMunfhvdkufaomtcg vlvwfydkif; oHk;a,mufudk awGUvdkuf&onf/ xdkoHk;a,mufteufrS wpfa,mufuajymonf/ ]]cifAsm;&JU owif;u aocsm&JUvm;? ½SufpGef;[m wu,fyJ a½Smifvifbk&m; ausmif;ay:rSm½Sdaeovm;? bmaMumifh olu 'Dausmif;xJa&mufae&wmvJ}} tbGm;BuD;u ... ]]'Dowif;u vHk;0aocsmw,f? a½Smifvif*dkPf;u tckqdk&if zdwfpmawG awmif tm;vHk;a0NyD;aeNyD? vmr,fh ig;v&JU vjynfhaeUrSm olwdkUu jcaoFhowfyJG usif;yMur,fwJh? ]jcaoFh}qdkwm ½SufpGef;udkajymwmaygh? olwdkU[m ½SufpGef;udk zrf;rdrxm;&if 'Davmuf wul;wu tBuD;tus,f vkyfaeyhgrvm;}} tbGm;BuD;onf tHwif;wif;Budwfí olr\pum;udk qufjyefonf/ ]][if; ... b,faMuvdrfhrvJ? igwdkU&JU om;av;udk ½SufpGef;u &uf&ufpufpuf owfcJhwmyJ? igwdkUu jyefNyD; wdkufcdkuf&rS auseyfEdkifrSm? olrsm;owfvdkU ½SufpGef;aowmudk rvdkcsifbl; igwdkUudk,fwdkif ½SufpGef;udk owfcsifw,f? 'gaMumifhrdkU 'DrSm pcef;csNyD; tajctaeudk apmifhMunfhaeMuwmaygh}} xdkUaemufwD;wdk;wD;wdk; ajymMuNyD; xdkvloHk;a,mufpvHk; xGufcGmoGm;Mu awmhonf/ aemufwpfaeU eHeuf ... tbGm;BuD;onf [lusif;tm; pum;wpfcGef;ajymonf/ ]]vlav; ... aeUvnfpm pm;NyD;&if bGm;bGm;wdkUxif;acGNyD; xif;pnf;awGudk a½Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udk oGm;a&mif;r,f vlav;uvnf; bGm;bGm;wdkUudk wpfxrf;avmuf ulNyD; xrf;ay;yghvm;? bk&m;ausmif;xJuar;&if vlav;[m bGm;bGm;om;vdUk yJ ajymvdu k af ygh? rif;&JU rde;f rudak wmh tdrrf mS yJ aecdik ;f vdu k yf g? b,fEh , S v f ?J vlav;taeeJU ulnDcsif&JUvm;}} [lusif;twdkif;rod 0rf;omoGm;rdonf/ a½Smifvifbk&m;ausmif; twGif; 0ifa&mufpHkprf;&ef tcGifhtvrf; vH;k 0romyJ jzpfaeojzifh [lusif;tzdUk tvGeaf cgif;cJaerdonf/ ,ckrl rarQmfvifb h EJ iS hf olvckd sifaeonfh tcGit hf a&;udk &vdkuf&molu csufcsif;yif acgif;ndwfvufcHvdkufonf/ ]][m ... bGm;bGm;wdkU[m uRefawmfwdkU&JU tarvdk? tazvdk jzpfaewmyJOpöm? 'Davmufuav; ulnD&wm uRefawmhftzdkU ryifyef;ygbl;? bGm;bGm;wdkU BudKufoavmufom cdkif;yg uRefawmf vkyfay;ygr,fh}} aerGef;wdrf;aomtcgwGif [lusif;onf tbdk;BuD;tbGm;BuD;vifr,m;ESifhtwl xif;wpfxrf;pDxrf;í a½Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;wdkufodkU oGm;Muawmhonf/ bk&m;ausmif;wdkufBuD;odkU a&muf½Sdaomtcg ausmif;wdkufBuD;\ taemufbuf½Sd rD;zdkaqmif bufodkU vSnfhoGm;Mu&awmhonf/ xif;pnf;rsm;udk rD;zdkaqmifrSom 0,f,lMuonf r[kwfygvm;? rD;zdkaqmifrS bkef;BuD;u ... ]]'umrBuD; ... *dkPf;csKyfBuD;u trdefUwpfckxkwfxm;w,f? 'D&ufawG twGif;rSm tjyifvlawGudk bk&m;ausmif;xJvHk;0 0ifcGifhray;&bl;wJh? 'gaMumifh reufjzef 'umrBuD;wdkU rvmMueJhawmh}} 843
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; tbGm;BuD;onf xdb k ek ;f BuD;\pum;udk Mum;vdu k &f aomtcg tvGe pdwf ysuo f mG ;awmhonf/ tNrJwrf;vdv k kd wdu k cf u kd v f akd ompdwaf Mumifh ta&mifawmufaeaom rsufv;kH rsm;onfyif w'*F arS;rSed o f mG ;awmhonf/ olwUkd taejzifh þodkUxif;a&mif;csaeMuonfrSm ½SufpGef;udk bk&m;ausmif;0if;twGif; rnfonfhae&mü zrf;csKyfxm;aMumif; pHkprf; &efyifjzpfonf/ ,ckolwdkU þae&modkUvma&muf xif;ra&mif;&awmh[k qdkvsif olwdkU\ &nf½G,fcsuf jynfh0&awmhrnf r[kwfacs/ xdkpOf bkef;BuD;wpfyg;u [lusif;\ awmifhawmifhwif;wif; cE¨mudk,fudk awGUvdkuf&aomtcg ½kwfw&ufajymvdkufonf/ ]]olu 'umrBuD;&JUom;vm;? awmfawmfav; awmifhawmifhwif;wif;½Sdom;yJ? ig;vydkif;avmufrSm bk&m;ausmif;rSm {nfhonfawGtrsm;BuD; a&mufvmMuvdrfhr,f? 'Dawmh 'DrD;zdkaqmifrSm tvkyfvkyf&r,fhvlawG awmfawmfuav; vdv k mvdrrhf ,f? olUud'k rD mS cPavmuf tvkyv f yk cf ikd ;f csif;w,f? wpfvudk aiG'*Fg;q,fjym; ay;r,f? wu,fvdkU 'umrBuD;u oabmwlr,fqdk&ifawmh xm;cJhyg}} tbGm;BuD;onf xdkpum;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg 0rf;omvGef;vSojzifh xckefrdrwwf jzpfoGm;onf/ tu,fí[lusif;u þausmif;wdkuftwGif;½Sdaevsif olwdkUu olwdkU\om;av; [lusif;udk vmawGUvdkojzifh ½SufpGef;\ae&mudk pHkprf;Edkifayao;onf/ [lusif;taejzifhrl ajymp&mrvdkawmhay? ewfwdkUzefa&ueftoifh Mumtoifh qdkovdk olUtwGuf ukodkvfuH axmufrjcif;aMumifh þtcGifhta&;BuD;udk &½Sdonf[k Budwfí 0rf;omaerd\/ þausmif;0if;twGif; ae&NyDqdkvQif ½SufpGef;tm; zrf;qD;csKyfaESmif xm;onfhae&mudk ½SmazG&ef rcufcJawmhay/ odkUaomf pdwfvdkvuf&[efrjyyJ? [efaqmifí tbGm;BuD;tm; vSrf;ajymvdkuf onf/ ]]tar ... tarhacR;r}} ]]vlav; ... orD;twGuf bmrSryleJU ? taru rif;&JU rdef;rudk aumif;aumif;apmifh a½Smufxm;rSmyg? oHk;&uf wpfcg? av;&ufwpfcgavmuf olUudkac: ac:vmNyD; rif;eJU vmawGUrSmayhg [kwfvm;? pdwfcsyg vlav;&,f}} tbdk;BuD;ESifh tbGm;BuD;wdkUonf 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzifh awmifatmufodkU jyefqif;oGm;Muawmhonf/ [lusi;f onfvnf; a½Smifvifausmif;wdu k \ f rD;zdak qmifwiG f xif;cJ?G a&cyf tp½So d nfh Am[D& awmufwrkd ,f& tvkyfrsm;udk vkyfudkifay;ae&awmhonf/ þodkUjzifh wpfywfausmfcefUaevmonfh twGif;ü tbGm;BuD;onf ausmufrdefudkac:vmNyD;? olESifh ESpfBudrfrQ vmawGUonf/ [lusif;onf tcsdef½SdorQ ½SufpGef;\owif;udk em;pGifhaeaomfvnf; owif;wpfpGef;wpfpudkrQyif r&½Sday/ þodkUjzifh q,f&ufaeUodkU a&muf½Sdvmonf/ xdknü [lusif;tdyfpufaepOf ausmif;wdkufjyifyu ae&mrS atmfoHwpfoHudk ½kwfw&ufMum;vdkuf&onf/ toHMum;vdkufonfESifh [lusif;onf ½kwfw&ufxvdkuum ab;ywf0ef;usifrS vl&dyfvlajcudk tuJcwfvdkufonf/ vlr½SdrSef;aocsmpGmodrS toHMum;vdkuf&mae&modkU udk,fazmh odkif;ynmudk toHk;jyKvsuf ajy;xGufoGm;awmh\/ [l u sif ; onf teD ; ywf 0 ef ; usif ü yk e f ; 0yf a eol r sm;½S d r ½S d a½S ; OD ; pG m pH k p rf ; tuJ cwf v d k u f o nf / aocsmaotcgwGif teD;qHk;½Sd opfyifBuD;wpfyifay:odkU ckefwufvdkufonf/ NyD;rS opfyifwpfyifrSwpfyifodkU ckefíul;ajymif;um apmapmutoHMum;&onfhae&m odkU a½GUajymif;vmawmhonf/ opfyifrsm;jzifh rnf;arSmifaeojzifh vlrsm;udkrl rjrif&acs/ odkUaomf "m;rs;\avudk wdk;cJGaeoHrsm;udkrl Mum;ae&onf/ teD;uyfqHk; opfyifodkUa&muf½SdaomtcgrS vlvHk;olvHk; uJGuJGjym;jym; jrif&awmhonf/ vlajcmufa,muf wdkUonf ESpfzJGUcJGí wdkufcdkufaeaMumif;awGU½Sd&onf/ rsufESmrsm;udkrl oJuJGpGmrjrif&acs/ xdktcdkufvrf;rBuD;onf wjznf;jznf;jrifhwufvmonf/ xdkva&mifaMumifh wdkufcdkufaeaom vlrsm;teuf oHk;a,mufaomoludk olUtaejzifh aumif;pGmrSwfrdvdkufonf/ xdkoHk;a,mufonf tbGm;BuD;xHodkU nBuD;oef;acgif; vma&mufcJhMuolrsm; yifwnf;/
844
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkoHk;a,mufwdkUonf bkef;BuD;oHk;yg;wdkUESifh wdkufcdkufaeMuonf/ odkUaomf olwdkU\ odkif;ynmonf xdkbkef;BuD;rsm;\ odkif;ynmudk rnfodkUrQ,SOfír&acs/ bkef;BuD; rsm;\ ynmu olwdkUxuf tjywftowfomonf/ xdUk aMumifh rsm;rMumrDyif oH;k a,mufpvH;k vJusaoqH;k oGm;Mu&awmhonf/ bke;f BuD;wpfyg;onf 0if0h gaomavoHjzifh ajym vdkufonf/ ]]'Dvdk rawmufwacguf t&nftcsif;uav;eJUrsm; e*g;Edkif"m;udk vdkcsif ao;owJhvm; ? uJ ... tckawmh udk,fvdkcsifwm r&bJeJU udk,fhtoufay;vdkuf&NyD r[kwfvm;}} bkef;BuD;onf tavmif;rsm;udk qJG,loGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf xdkbkef;BuD;rsm;aemufodkU vdkufoGm;&ef BuHpnfrdvdkufonf/ odkUaomfol\ qXrtm½Hk\ today;csufaMumifh olUywf0ef;usifab;ywfvnfrS toHAvHrsm;udk pl;pl;pdkufpdkufem;axmifMunfhvdkufrdonf/ ol\rvSrf;rurf;wGif wpfa,mufaom ol\ touf½SKoHudk Mum;ae&acsonfwum;/ [lusif;onfrvSKyf½Sm;&Jawmh? csufcsif;yif Nidrfoufaevdkuf&awmhonf/ twefMumrS xdkae&mrS vufckyfoHESpfcsufay:vmNyD; ta0;rSvnf; wkHUjyefonfh vufckyfoHESpfcsufudk Mum;vdu k &f jyefonf/ xdv k ufcyk o f rH sm; Nidro f ufomG ;aomtcg wGif uif;yke;f 0yfaeMuaom bke;f BuD;ajcmufyg;wdUk onf ½kwfw&ufxvmMuNyD; bk&m; ausmif;0if;twGif;odkU 0ifoGm;Muawmh\/ [l u sif ; onf pd w f c s&NyD [ k ,H k M unf & aomtcg rS ol U tcef ; uav;od k U jyef v mcJ h a wmh o nf / ol\pdwfxJwGifvnf; awG;aerdonf/ ]]wu,fvdkU igudk,fwdkif jrif&wmr[kwfbl;qdk&if 'DvdkwpfcPav;twGif;rSm odkif;orm;oHk;a,muf aoqHk;oGm;Muwm ,Hkawmif,HkrdrSm r[kwfbl;? tckqdk&if igu vJGvdkU 'DoHk;a,mufaow,fqdkwm b,folurS odMurSm r[kwfbl;}} a½Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ vHkNcHKa&;um;wu,fyif aphpyfaocsmvSay\/
845
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(95) rdk;xpfcsKef;oH av;vydkif;odkUa&mufvmcJhacsNyD/ vjynfhaeUodkUa&muf&ef&ufonf wjznf;jznf;eD;uyfvmonfESifhtrQ [lusif;onfvnf;wjznf;jznf; pdk;&drfylyefpjyKvmawmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh olUpdwfxJwGif ajymaerdonf/ ]]ig 'DrD;zdkaqmifxJrSmvnf; aeaevdkUawmh bmrSpHkprf;EdkifrSm r[kwfbl;? t&J pGefUNyD; avQmufpHkprf;rS tazBuD; owif;udk &awmhrSmyJ}} noef;acgif,HtcsdefodkU a&mufaomtcg [lusif;onf olUtcef;xJrS wdwfwqdwf ckefxGufvdkufNyD; rD;zdkaqmif\acgifrdk;ay:odkU ckefwufum 0yfaevdkufawmhonf/ ausmif;ywfvnfwGif bkef;BuD;rsm;onf ESpfyg;pDESpfyg;pD uif;vSnfhvsuf½Sd aeaMumif; jrifawGUvdkuf&onf/ a½Smifvif*dkPf;onf BudKwifwGufqxm;NyD;jzpfayonf/ ,ck&ufydkif;twGif;ü olwdkU\bk&m;ausmif;odkU xdyfoD;odkif;orm;rsm;vma&mufMurnfudk BudKwif arQmfvifh xm;NyD;jzpfojzifh uif;ykef;rsm;udk cgwdkif;xuf ydkrdkcs xm;vdkuf[efwlonf/ xdkUaMumifh [lusif;taejzifh uif;rsm;udk tqufrjywf jrifawGUae&jcif; jzpfayonf/ ,cktwdkif;om [lusif;taejzifh a½SUqufwdk;oGm;vQif wpfuif;ESifhrawGU wpfuif;ESifh awGUrnfrSm aocsmvSawmhonf/ uif;orm;rsm;ESifhawGUNyDqdkvsif ol\tpDtpOfonf vHk;0ysufawmhrnfudk od½Sdvdkufojzifh a½SUqufrwdk;awmhbJaemufodkU jyefqkwfvdkuf&awmhonf/ 846
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf rnfonfhpHkprf;rSKudkrQ rvkyfEdkifbJ tcsdeftcgudkom &ifwrrESifh apmifhqdkif;ae&onf/ odkUESifh aemufoHk;&ufajrmufaom nwpfnwGif rnf;arSmifaeaom rdk;om;wdrfvdyfrsm; wpfcJeufwufvmawmhonf/ rdk;csKef;oHrsm;vnf; xpfcsKef;vmum wNydK;NydK;wjyufjyuf vQyfa&mifrsm;vnf; vif;vufvm\/ noef;acgif,HtcsdefodkUa&mufaomtcg rnf;arSmifaeaomrdk;BuD;onf wa0ga0gjzifh oGefcsouJhodkU ½GmoGef;vmawmhonf/ [lusif;\pdwfrsm;onf at;jraom rdk;pufrdk;aygufrsm;ESifhtwl vef;qef; wuf
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; vQKd U0Sucf suBf uD;wpfck ½Syd gao;w,f? bmvJqakd wmh tvif;rmef*P kd ;f [m aemufu, G rf mS rGe*f akd wGeUJ aygif;xm;ygw,f? olwdkUu *dkPf;BuD;ajcmuf*dkPf;udk NzdKcGif;zdkU BuHpnfaeMuwm tJ'gudk q&mawmfBuD;wdkU rodMubl;vm;}} cHk;0efq&mawmfBuD;onf tvGefw&m tHhMooGm;onf/ ‘]]tvif;rmef*dkPf;u b,fES,fhrGef*dkawGeJU yl;aygif;oGm;&wmvJ}} ½Tifusif;bkef;BuD; ac:csefcGef;u ... ]]tvif;rmef*dkPf;BuD;&JU *dkPf;csKyf usef;[lusif;eJU 0gar*dkPf;&JU *dkPf;csKyf csLusL;wdkU vufxyfr,fhqJqJ tcsdefrSm rGef*dkppfaoemywdcsKyf [mrmyl&D&JUorD; ? rif;orD; ausmufrdef a&mufvmNyD; usef;[lusif;udk ac:oGm;w,f? r*FvmyJGvnf; wpfcgwnf; ysufoGm;wmyJ? 'Dudpöu odkif;avmuwpfckvHk;? w½kwfjynfwpfjynfvHk; [dk;[dk;ausmf aewJhudpöyJ q&mawmfBuD;wdkU Mum;rdMurSmaygh}} ]cHk;0ef; q&mawmfBuD;u 0efcHvdkufonf}} ]]at; ... 'Dudpöawmh Mum;rdvdkufw,f}} csefcGef;u qufajymjyefonf/ ]]'D ausmufrdef&JU vufatmufrSm tvif;rmef*dkPf;&JU vuf,m&H clwdk[m trSKxrf;cJhzl;w,f}} cHk;0ef q&mawmfBuD;u ... ]][kwfovm;? 'gawmh igwdkUrodbl;}} cHk;usdq&mawmfu ... ]]'Dvdkqdk&if usef;[lusif;u 'DrGef*dkrif;orD;eJU tcsdwftqufvkyfNyD; *dkPf;BuD;ajcmuf*dkPf;udk ausmufrdefu zrf;NyD;rS usef;[lusif;u olU*kPfwufatmif? trsm; uolUudkaus;Zl;wif oGm;atmif jyefu,fjyvdkufwmaygh [kwfvm;}} ]][kwfygw,f? q&mawmfBuD;awG;wJh twdkif;ygyJ}} odkUaomf ... cHk;0efq&mawmfBuD;url ... ]]igxifwmuawmh usef;[lusif;[m tifrwef ajzmifhrwfwJhvlyJ? 'DvdkaumufuspfwJh vlrsdK;jzpfr,fvdkUawmh igr,Hkbl;? bmyJjzpfjzpf igwdkU[m vlaumif;olaumif;awGudk txifrvJGrdzdkU owdjyK&r,f? 'g[m ta&;tBuD;qHk;yJ}} csefcGef;u ... ]]*dkPf;csKyfBuD;ajymwmrSefygw,f? 'gayr,fh vlUpdwfqdkwm tifrwef cefUrSef;& cufygw,f? usef;[lusif;&JU pdwf[m tNrJwrf;ajzmifhrwf rSefuefaevdrfhr,fvdkU wpfxpfcsxm;vdkU r&ygbl;? tckudprö Smqdk&if odyfrvG,fvSygbl;? ½Supf eG ;f [m usef;[lusif;&JU arG;pm;tazqdw k m raumif;qd;k 0g;*dP k ;f uvlawG[m olUudk r&&atmif u,fxw k Mf uawmh rSm aocsmygw,f? 'Dawmh jcaoFhowfyJGaeUrSm wynfhawmfwdkUbufu aumif;aumif;BudKwif jyifqifxm;rS awmf&Hkusygvdrfhr,f}} aemuf qHk;wGif xdkig;vjynfhaeUwGif rnfodkUrnfyHk {nfhBudKqdk&rnf? rnfodkUrnfyHk &efolrsm;udk ckcHumuG,f&rnf ponfwdkUudk aqG;aEG;MuNyD; tpDtpOfrsm; csrSwfvdkufMuonf/ [lusif;onf olwdkUoHk;a,muf\pum;rsm;udk Mum;í wjznf;jznf;oabmayguf odjrifvmawmhonf/ trSefpifppf csefcGef;onf q&mawmfBuD;ESpfyg;tm; aoG;aqmifí *dkPf;toD;oD;ESifh wdkufcdkufap&ef BudK;yrf;aejcif;om jzpfonf/ aemufqHk; *dkPf;toD;oD; txdemoGm;MuvsifolwdkU\ a½Smifvif*dkPf;rS *dkPf;tm;vHk;udk xdef;csKyfvdkufrnf/ tajctaetm;vHk;udk a½Smifvif*dkPf;u tkyfpD;EdkifonfhtcgwGif ½SufpGef;udk owfypfvdkufNyD; e*g;Edkif"m;udk a½Smifvif\ypönf;tjzpf odrf;ydkuf&,lvdkufrnf/ þum; csefcGef;pDpOfxm;aom tpDtpOfrsm;aywnf;/ cHk;0efq&mawmfBuD;url tvif;rmef*dkPf;udk vHk;0txifrao;&J/ xdkUaMumifh wGefqkwfae[ef½Sdonf/ cHk;0efq&mawmfBuD;onf usef;[lusif;udk vHk;0avQmhwGufjcif;r½Sdojzifh þodkU wGefUqkwfae&jcif;vnf;jzpfonf/ cHk;usdq&mawmfBuD;u ta&;tBuD;qHk;ESifh t"dutusqHk;aom tcsufudk axmufjyonf/
848
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]tpDtpOfawGvkyfwmuawmh [kwfygNyD? 'gayr,fh ta&;tBuD;qHk;tcsufu vjynfhaeUra&mufcifrSm e*g;Edik "f m; b,frmS ½Sw d ,fqw kd m ½Supf eG ;f qDu ajymxGuv f m atmifvyk zf Ukd yJ? EdUk rdUk &if 'Dyu GJ igwdUk a½Smifvif*P kd ;f twGuf bmrStoHk;usawmh rSmr[kwfbl;? aemufNyD; igwdkU&JU odu©mvJusOD;r,f}} q&mawmfBuD; cHk;0efuvnf;axmufcHonf/ ]][kwfw,f vkyfw,fqdk&ifvJ a&qHk;a&zsm;vkyfrSyJ? oJoJrJrJ vkyfEdkifrS odkif;avmuwpfckvHk;udk wdkUu xdrf;csKyfOD;aqmifEdkifrSm}} cHk;usdonf csefcGef;tm; trdefUay;vdkufonf/ ]]uJ ... ½Tiu hf sif;? rif;tck ½Supf eG ;f qDomG ;NyD; aqG;aEG;vdu k Of ;D ? 'De*g;Edik "f m; udo k m xkwaf y;cJ&h if olUtoufukd rowfbl;vdkUajymvdkuf}} csefcGef;u ... ]]rSefygh q&mawmfBuD;? q&mawmfBuD;&JU trdefUtwdkif; wynfhawmfoGm;NyD; aqmif½Gufvdkufyghr,f}} csefcGef;onf pum;qHk;aomtcg tcef;wGif;rS avQmufxGufoGm;\/ xdkpum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg [lusif;onf tvGef0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpfrdawmhonf/ olUtazBuD; ½SufpGef;udk awGU&awmhrnfwnf;/ odkUaomf [lusif;onf pdwfvGwfudk,fvGwf rvSKyf½Sm;&Jacs/ tb,faMumifh qdkaomf þbkef;BuD;rsm;onf odkif;ynmü tvGefjrifhrm;aMumif; odaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ El;nHhodrfarGUpGmxGufay:vmaom wdk;nif;onfh toHudkyifolwdkUMum;EdkifpGrf;½Sdonf/ xdkUaMumifh [lusif;onf e*dkrlv&yfaeonfhtwdkif; NidrfoufpGm&yfaevdkufonf/ csefcGef;xGufoGm;onhf bufodkUrl vSrf;Munhfxm;vdkufonf/ csefcGef; tawmfvSrf;onfhae&modkU a&mufoGm;onfh tcsdefusrS [lusif;onf pwifvSKyf½Sm;NyD; rvSrf;rurf;rS jznf;nif;pGm vdkufygoGm;onf/ [lusif;u txl;owdxm;aom aMumifhvnf;aumif;? rdk;oHavoHrsm;\ tumtuG,fudk &aomaMumifh vnf;aumif;? [lusif; aemufrS vkdufygvmonfudk csefcGef;vHk;0r&dyfrdacs/ þodkUjzifh a½Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;\ taemufbufwGif wnf½Sdaom awmifukef;ay:odkU wuf&ef [efjyif vdkufpOfrSmyif csHKzkwfwpfcktwGif;rS tvif;a&mifwpfckvuf oGm;aMumif; ½kwfw&uf awGUvdkuf&onfjzpfí udk,f½Sdefowf vdkuf&awmh\ xdktvif;a&mifu csKHzkwftwGif;ü vlwpfa,muf ykef;cdkaeaMumif; axmufjyvdkuf jcif;yifwnf;/ [lusif;onf xdkcsKHzkwftwGif;rS vSKyf½Sm;rSK wpfpHkwpfckrawGU&rjcif; vHk;0 rvSKyf½Sm;bJ pdwf½SnfpGm onf;cHapmifhqdkif;aevdkufonf/ twefMumaomtcgrS xdkcsHKzkwftwGif;rS vlwpfa,muf ckefxGufvmNyD; csefcGef;aemufodkU w&dyf&dyf vdkufygoGm;aMumif; awGU&awmh\/ [lusif;onf awmif;ukef;xdyfodkU arQmfMunfhvdkufonf? awmifukef;xdyfwGif opfyifBuD;tcsdKUom ½SdaeNyD; tdrfajcqdkí vHk;0r½SdaMumif; awGU½Sd&ayonf/ [lusif;tvGef pOf;pm;&cufoGm;rdonf/ tdrfwpfvHk;wpfavrQr½SdbJESifh ½SufpGef;udk rnfonfhae&mü odk0Sufxm;Muygoenf;/ odkUaomf [lusif;onf odyfpOf;pm;&ef tcsdefr½Sday/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf ol\a½SUwGif csefcGef;ESihf trsdK;trnfrod vlwpfa,mufonf awmifukef;xdyfodkUwufa&muf aeMuNyDr[kwfygavm/ xdkUaMumifholu udk,fazmhynmudk toHk;jyKí aemufrSajy;vdkuf&awmhonf/ rsm;rMumrDyif a½SUwGif vlav;a,mufudk xifxif½Sm;½Sm;awGUjrif&awmhonf/ xdkav;a,mufteuf wpfa,mufonf rdef;uav; jzpfaeaMumif; awGU½Sd&onf/ [lusif;wpfcsufpOf;pm;vdkufrdonf/ ]]'Dvlav;a,muf[m ightazBuD;udk vmwdkufcdkufwmjzpfvdrfhr,f? olwdkU[m csefcGef;vmr,fh vrf;u BudKNyD; apmifah eyH&k w,f? 'DaumifawG csefceG ;f eJU t&ifwu kd Mf uyapOD; ? olwUkd wdu k yf u GJ kd vufyu kd Nf yD; apmifMh unfah evdu k Of ;D r,f? 'grS ,mvJnufapMuufvJ armap qdkwmrsdK; jzpfNyD; igwdkuf&if tvG,fwulwdkufEdkifrSm }} awmifxdyfem;odkU eD;eD;uyfuyf a&muf½SdvmaomtcsdefwGif xdkvlrsm;udk [lusif;xifxif½Sm;½Sm;awGUjrif ]&NyDjzpfonf/ 849
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]][m ... cGef;vGef*dkPf;csKyfBuD; [dkwdkufcsKH;eJU olUrdef;ryef;pkygvm;? olwdkU owif;&wmvJ jrefvScsnfvm;? ighxufawmif OD;aeyHk&w,f}} xdkpOf csefcGef;onf avwpfcsuf cRefvdkufNyD; ½kwfw&ufaemufodkU vSnfhvdkufNyD; ajy;qif;vmawmhonf/ tu,fpifppf olUaemufrS olU&efolrsm;vdkufvmaMumif;csefcGef;odojzifh [efrysufwufoGm;NyD;rS ½kwfw&uf aemufaMumif; jyefvSnfhvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ [lusif;\wkefUjyefcsufuvnf; tvGefvsifjrefvSonf/ csefcGef;aemufodkU vSnfhvdkufonfESifh [lusif;onf csHKzkwfwpfcktwGif;0rf;vsm; xdk;a&muf½SdoGm;ayNyD/ [lusif;onf rwfwyf&yfvsuf xifxif½Sm;½Sm;vlvHk;jyroGm;awmh/ rdausmif;rsm;oGm;ouJhodkU wGm;oGm;wuf vsuf½SdaeayNyD/ xdktcsdefwGif csefcGef;onf vlav;a,mufESifh wdkufcdkufvsuf½Sdaeonf/ [lusif;onf ol\tjriftm½Hkxuf tMum;tm½Hkudk ydkrdk*½kpdkuf tm;xkwfem;pdkufrdonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf ododomom acgif;axmif pl;prf;Munfh rdygu csefcGef;awGUoGm;rnf pdk;aomaMumifhwnf;? vufeufrsm; xdcdkufxdk;ckwfoHt& vlESpfa,mufuom csefcGef;udk wdkufcdkuf aeaMumif; odvdkufrdonf/ [lusif;onf tcsufwpfcsufpOf;pm;vdkufrdonf/ ]]tif; ... ESpfa,mufuawmh wdkufaeMuNyD? usefwJhESpfa,mufuawmh awmifxdyfay:wufoGm;NyD; ightazBuD;udk oGm;½SmNyDeJUwlw,f}} xdUk aMumifo h o l nf odyt f csed rf qJ&G aJ wmhyJ awmifxyd o f Ukd a&muf½&dS ef 0yfomG ;vsuf jzifyh if a½SUodUk twwfEikd q f ;kH wdk;wufae&awmhonf/ þodkUjzifh [lusif;onf awmifxdyfodkU a&muf½Sdvmawmhonf/ atmufajcrSMunfhaomtcg awmifxdyfwGif opfyifawmfawmfrsm;rsm;½Sdonf[k rSwfxif&aomfvnf; tu,fpifppf wGifrl opfyifoHk;yifom aygufvsuf½Sdaom awmifuwHk;BuD; jzpfaMumif; awGUvdkuf&onf/ xdkopfyifBuD; oHk;yifonf Bwd*HoHk;yGifhqdkif aygufvsuf½Sdae\/ [lusif; tvGeftHhMooGm;onf/ ]]ightazBuD;udk 'DrSm zrf;xm;w,fqdkwm [kwfrS[kwfyghrvm;? b,fenf; b,fyHkeJU zrf;xm;EdkifrSmvJ}} [lusif;onf ywf0ef;usif udk tuJcwfMunfhvdkufaomtcg [dkwdkufcsKH;wdkU vifr,m;onfvnf; cyfvSrf;vSrf;ü 0yfaeonfudkawGU&onf/ xdkpOf yef;pkonf [dkwdkufcsKH;tm; avoHwdk;wdk;uav;jzifhajymvdkufonf/ ]]igwdkU jrefjrefvkyfrSjzpfr,f? [dkESpfa,muf vrf;ckvwfu bkef;BuD;udk tMumBuD; xdef;xm;Edkifr,f rxifbl;? igwdkU Mumae&if bkef;BuD;eJUigwdkU wpfcgjyefwdkufcsif wdkufae&OD;r,f}} [dkwdkufcsKH;uvnf; olUrdef;r\t,ltqudk vufcHonf/ ]]][kwfw,f ? wdkUjrefjrefvkyfrS jzpfr,f}} [dkwdkufcsKH;\ pum;qHk;onfESifh ESpfOD;pvHk; wpfNydKifeuf ckefxGufum opfyifBuD;em;odkU a&muf½Sd oGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onfvnf; vHk;0 aESmifhaES;rae&Jacs? tu,fí olUtazBuD;om wu,f½Sdaevsif 'Dvifr,m; ESpfa,muf\vufcsufjzifh towfcH&rnfpdk;ojzifh a½SUodkUom tqufrjywf wufae&awmhonf/ xdkpOf [dkwdkufcsKH;\ atmfoHwpfcsufudk ½kwfw&ufMum;vdkuf&onf/ [dkwdkufcsKH;\ atmfoHonf om;&Jwd&pmäefwpfaumif tBuD;tus,f'Pf&m &½SdoGm;onfhtcg ememusnf;usnf; atmf[pfoHESifhqifwlojzifh wpfpHkwpfckaMumifh 'Pf&m&oGm;NyD;jzpf aMumif; [lusif;cefUrSef;vdkufonf/ [lusif;onf OD;acgif;udk armhMunhfvdkufaomtcg [dkwdkufcsHK;wdkUvifr,m; ESpfa,mufonf opfyifBuD; oHk;yiftMum;ü a&muf½Sdvsuf½SdaeMuNyD; olwdkU\ "m;ESpfvufjzifh tjyif;txefa0SU,rf; wdkufcdkufaeMuonfudk awGUvdkuf&onf/ olwdkUESpfa,muf\ wdkufcdkufyHkrSm ESpfa,mufESifhtrsm; wdkufcdkufaeonfh yHkpHkrsKd;jzpfae\/ odkUaomf ... olwdkUESpfa,mufrSty? tjcm;vlwpfOD; wpfa,mufudkrQ rjrif awGU&acs/ wpfcsufwpfcsufawmh ]bwf} ceJ ]bwfceJ} ½dkufoHtcsdKUudk Mum;&onf/ "m;udk rnfonfhvufeufjzifh ½dkufcwfaeonfudk rod&acs/ xdkxl;qef;aom toHrSwpfyg; tjcm; wdkufcdkufaeol wpfpHkwpfa,mufrQ r½Sd/ 850
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854
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;url opfudkif;ay:wGifom &yfvsuf½Sdonf/ ]]q&mawmfBuD;wdkUu 'Dvdkajymw,f qdk&ifawmh wynfhawmftaeeJU a½Smifajy;vdkU roifhawmhygbl;?'Dudpö tm;vHk;udk wynfhawmfuyJ wm0ef,lNyD;cH vdkufyghr,f? 'gayr,fh wynfhawmf&JU tazBuD;½SufpGef;taeeJU q&mawmfBuD;cH;k usuu f kd xk;d owfrw d muawmh taMumif;½Syd gw,f? 'gudak wmh q&mawmfBuD;wdUk odomG ;apcsiyf gw,f}} wkacg q&mawmfu ... ]]igwdkU oHk;a,mufu rif;udk rowfEdkifbl;qdkwJh oabmaygh [kwfvm;}} [lusif;tvGefpdwfysufoGm;onf/ olu rwdkufcdkufvdkufojzifh rnfrQ a½SmifvJTaeap wdkufcdkuf&rnfh vrf;aMumif;odUk om OD;wnfvsuf½NdS yD r[kwyf g vm;/ xdUk aMumif, h wdjywf qH;k jzwfcsufcsum avQmufxm;vdu k o f nf/ ]]wynfhawmf wpfa,mufwnf;eJU q&mawmfBuD;oHk;a,mufudk wdkufcdkufvdkU rEdkifEdkifygbl;? 'gaMumifh q&mawmfwdkUxJu wpfyg;yg; tjyifxGufcJhyg? wynfhawmftaeeJU wwfEdkiforQ ynmcsif; zvS,fvdkygw,f}} xdktcg rsufESmjzLjzLESifh bkef;BuD;wkcsufu ... ]]'DrSm 'umusef;[lusif;? igwdkUtaeeUJ wpfa,mufcsif; wdkufae&if 'umudk EdkifzdkUrusdef;aobl;? tck[mu igwdkU[m vGefcJhwJh udpöudk ajz½Sif;wm jzpfw,f? odkif;ynm zvS,faewm r[kwfbl;? 'gaMumifh igwdkU oHk;a,mufeJU rif; wpfa,mufyJ wdkuf&vdrfhr,f}} xdkbkef;BuD;onf pum;qHk;onfESifh pwifwdkufcdkufawmhonf/ usefBudK;ESpfacsmif;uvnf; a½SUqifh aemufqifhyif [lusif;xHodkU a&muf½Sdvmawmhonf [lusif;onf opfudkif;ay:rS ½kwfw&uf ckefqif;vdkuf&awmhonf/ odkUaomf ajrBuD;ay:odkU ra&mufrD udk,fae[efxm;udk ½kwfw&uf ajymif;vJTvdkufNyD; wkeefxHodkU ckeftkyfvdkufawmh\/ xdktcg wkeefu vuf0g;jzifh ½dkufxkwfvdkufonf/ [lusif;onf tm;ajymif;tm;vJT odkif;ynmjzifh wkeef\vuf0g;jyif;tm;udk ab;odkU wGef;z,fvdkufonf/ xdktcdkuf wkacgESifhwkcsufwdkU\ BudK;ESpfacsmif;onf wpfNydKifwnf;vdkvdkyif olUaemufodkU a&muf½SdvmMuawmhonf/ [lusif;onf ol\cE¨mudk,fudk wpfywfvnfoGm;atmif vSnfhvdkufNyD; xdkBudK;ESpfacsmif;\ tEÅ&m,frS vGwfatmif uyfa½Smifvdkufonf/ xdkpOf wkcsufonf jyif;xeftm;ygvSonfh vufoD;wpfcsufudk toHrMum;atmif xdk;vdkufjyef onf/ [lusif;onf tu,fpifppftm;jzifh bkef;BuD;okH;yg;tm; wdkufcdkufEdkifaeonf r[kwfay/ xdkbkef;BuD;rsm;\ wdkufuGufrsm;udk opfyifoHk;yiftMum; vSnfhywfa½Smifwdrf;vsuf tuGufajzaejcif;om jzpfayonf/ wkacgu wpfcsufatmfvu kd Nf yD; BudK;udk wpfcsuf,rf;vdu k &f m BudK;onf puf0ikd ;f uJo h Ukd t0dik ;f ESp0f ikd ;f ay:vmNyD; tay:rSusvmaom [lusif;\ OD;acgif;udk vma&muf pGyfvdkufawmhonf/ tvGefBuD;rm;aom tEÅ&m,fBuD;yifwnf;/ [lusif;onf vQyfwpfjyufckefxGufvdkufNyD; wkcsuftm; ½kwfw&uf wdkufcdkufvdkufonf/ [lusif;onf wdkuf&if;cdkuf&if;wjznf;jznf; wkefvSKyfacsmufcsm;vmawmh\/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olonf jyif;xefaom twGif;tm; vSdKif;oHk;ck tMum;wGifñSyfrdaeí ol\ vSKyf½Sm;rSKrsm; wjznf;jznf; aES;auG;vm&awmhonf ol\cE¨mudk,f tpdwftydkif;rsm;\ vSKyf½Sm;wdkufcdkufrSKrsm;udk rdrd udk,fwdkifyif pdwfwdkif;rusEdkifatmif jzpfvm&awmhonf/ [lusif;taejzifh aepMumtwGif;tm;usifhcJhNyD;onfh tcsdefrSpí þodkUaom tjzpfrsdK; wpfBudrfwpfcgrQ rBuHKawGUcJhzl;ay? ,ckolUtzdkU tvGefw&m touf½SKusyfapaom tjzpfrsdK;udk BuHKawGUae&acsNyD/ [lusif;taejzifh aumif;pGm od½Sdonf/ oluom qufvufwdkufcdkufaevQif tcsdefMumvmonfESifhtrQ olUtwGuf tEÅ&m,f rsm;vmayvdrfhrnf/ xdkUaMumifh ½kwfw&uf pOf;pm;vdkufonf/ ]]igaowmta&;rBuD;bl;? vlqdkwm aowpfaeUarG;wpfaeUyJ? vlawG&JU aumif;usdK;wckck vkyfcJhNyD;NyDqdk&if 'Dvl[mvljzpf&usdK;eyfNyDyJ? ig[m wwfEdkiforQ vlawGtay: ulnDcJhNyD;NyD aor,fqdk&ifvJaoaysmfaeNyD? 'gayr,fh ightazBuD;tay: bkef;BuD;awG tjrifoefU½Sif;oGm;atmifawmh igaoaocsmcsm ½Sif;jycJhrS aumif;r,f}} odkUESifh [lusif;onf wdkufcdkuf&if;rS toHudk jr§ifhatmfvdkufonf/ ]]q&mawmfBuD;wdkU ... wynfhawmf'DrSm ydwfrdaeygNyD? xGufajy;vGwf ajrmufzdkUqdkwmuvJ odyfvG,fvSwm r[kwfygbl;? 'gayr,fh wynfhawmf raocif uav;rSmawmh pum;enf;enf;avmufajymcsifygw,f}} 856
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdkpOfBudK;ESpfacsmif;u [lusif;tm; jzwf½dkufvdkufjyefonf/ [lusif;u tjrefqHk;a½Smifwdrf;vdkuf&jyefonf/ [lusif;uqufajymonf/ ]][dkapmapmu ½Tifhusif;qdkwJh bkef;BuD;&JU vlemrnfudk odMuyg&JUvm; olUemrnfu csefcGef;yg? rdk;BudK;vufoD;½Sif csefcGef;qdkwm tJ'Dbkef;BuD;ygyJ? tJ'D csefcGef;[m wynfhawmfarG;pm;zcifBuD; ½SufpGef;udkodkif;ynm oifMum;ay;cJhwJh q&mygyJ}}
857
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csefcGef;onf tvif;rmef*dkPf;udk NzdKcJG&ef rnfodkUrnfyHkBuHpnfonf/ &efazmhxif;\ rdef;rESifhrnfodkU csdef;awGUírnfodkU azmufjyefMuyHk/ NyD;aemuf t&ufrl;[efaqmifí ½SufpGef;rdef;rudk rk'drf;usifhNyD; ? wpftdrfom;vHk;udk rnfodkU&uf&ufpufpuf owfypfyHk/ ½SufpGef;udk pdwfazmufjyefapNyD; odkif;avmu½Sd vlrsm;tm; avQmufowfap &ef rnfoUkd qGay;cJyh /kH cH;k usuq f &mawmfBuD;xHü csecf eG ;f rnfoUkd rnfykH wynfch cH yhJ /kH cH;k usuq f &mawmfBuD;tm; vdrv f nf vSnfhzsm;í½SufpGef;\ vufoD;wpfq,fh oHk;csuf txdk;cHcJhyHk/ q&mawmfBuD; txdk;cHae&pOf csefcGef;onf olUuwdtwdkif; ½SufpGef;udk xGufawGU&rnfjzpfaomfvnf; uwdtwdkif;xGufrawGUcJhyHkESifh cHk;usufq&mawmfBuD; ysHvGefcgeD;wGif BuD;pGmaomaemifw&cJhyHkrsm;udk [lusif;onf wpfqifhNyD; wpf qifh uGufuGufuGif;uGif; ½Sif;jyvdkufonf/ wkacgonf em;axmif&if;wjznf;jznf; wkefvSKyfvmawmh\/ cHk;usufudpöESifhywfoufí þuJhodkU jzpfcJhvdrfhrnf[kolwdkUtaejzifh vHk;0awG;rxif rdcJhacs/ ,ck[lusif;ajymMum;csufrsm;onf tjzpfwckESifhwck csdwfqufrd½HkrQru tH0if*Gifus ½SdvSonf/ xdkUaMumifh wkavcg\ BudK;onftwGif;tm;avsmhyg;oGm; ojzifh rmausmcufxefrSK r½SdawmhbJ aysmhaysmif;ñGwfacGvmawmh\/ wkacgonf [lusif;tm;ar;vdkufonf/ ]]'Dvdkqdk&if tckjzpfaeorQawG[m tm;vHk;olUtBuHtpnfawGaMumifh jzpfae Muwmaygh [kwfvm;}} [lusif;u ½dkaoav;pm;pGmjzifh qufvufavQmufxm;onf/ ]][kwfygw,f bk&m;? 'gwifvm;qdkawmh r[kwfao;ygbl;?csefcGef; qdkwJhvl[m ,kwfrmwJhae&mrSmeJU tBuHBuD;wJh ae&mrSmawmh yxrwef;u aewJholyg? tck qdk&ifa½Smifvif*dkPf;&JU *dkPf;csKyfq&mawmfBuD;&JU ae&mudk vdkcsifaeygw,f? olu aemufuG,frSm wynfhbkef;BuD;awG arG;xm;ygw,f a½Smifvifausmif;wdkufxJrSm twGif;olvQdKjzpfaewJh csefcGef;wynfhawG tckqdk&if trsm;BuD;jzpfaeavmufygNyD? ol[m cHk;0efq&mawmfBuD;udk vkyfBuHNyD; ...}} [lusif;\ pum;rqHk;ao;rDyif ab;bufem;½Sd ausmufwHk;BuD; wpfwHk;onf ½kwfw&uf vSKyf½Sm;vmNyD; opfyifoHk;yifMum;odkU vSdrfh0ifvm\/ wpfpHkwpfa,muf\ vufcsufrSef;od&jcif; wkacgu atmf[pfvdkufonf/ ]]a[h ... b,folvJ}} BudK;jzifh vJT½dkufvdkuf&m ausmufwHk;BuD;onf ab;bufodkU vGifhxGufoGm;awmh\ ausmufwHk;BuD;\ aemufuG,frS vlwpfa,mufckefxGufvmNyD; [lusif;xHodkU ckeftkyfvdkufonf/ xdkolUxHrS tvif;a&mifwef;wpfck 0if;ceJ vif;vufoGm;aMumif;vnf; awGU½Sdvdkuf&onf/ tjzpftysufrSm tvGefvsifjrefpGmjzpfoGm;jcif; jzpfonf/ [lusif;onf wkcsufESifh wkeef bkef;awmfBuD; ESpfyg;wdkU\ BudK;vufeufjzifh wdkufcdkufae&qJjzpfí tvGefowdxm;NyD; ckcHaecsdefwGif arQmfvifhrxm;aom vlwpfa,mufu þodkU acsmif;ajrmif;vkyfBuHvdrfhrnf[k vHk;0 rxifrSwfcJhacs/ þawmifukef;xdyfwGif olESifh bkef;BuD;oHk;yg;om ½Sdonf[k rSwf,l xm;&m Mum;jzwf tEÅ&m,fay;rnfholudk vH;k 0arQmv f ifrh xm;jcif;jzpf\/ xdMk um;jzwf&efou l kd owdjyKvdu k af omtcsed w f iG f "m;rSm ol\&if0odUk a&muf½adS eavNyD/ [lusif;onf ol\wpfomwmü tvsifjrefqHk;aom vSKyf½Sm;rSKwpfck udk jyKvkyfvdkuf&\/ udk,fudk aemufodkU vSefcsum wpfqufwnf;yif ab;buf odkU ckefxGufvdkuf&onf/ Mum;jzwf & ef ol \"m;onf vT D ; reJ atmf j rnf u m ol \ &if b wf rS tusÐu d k xd k ;cJ G o G m ;awmh o nf/ tu,fíwpfpuúefUrQavmufom a½Smifwdrf;&ef aemufuscJhvQif [lusif;tzdkU &ifcJGNyD; om;jzpfoGm;ayvdrfhrnf/ xdv k o l nf ol\vkyBf uHrKS ratmifjrifonfEiS hf ausmufw;kH BuD;rsm; udk tumtuG,, f u l mBudK;oH;k acsmif;Mum;rS vSdrfhxGufoGm;awmh\/ ol\vSKyf½Sm;yHkt& odkif;ynmtvGefawmfaom olwpfa,mufjzpfaMumif; odvdkufMu&onf/ [lusif;onfcsufcsif;yif atmfvdkufonf/ ]]csefcGef; ... owd½Å Sd&if rsufESmcsif;qdkifNyD; ajz½Sif;ygvm; rdef;rusifh rdef;rBuHeJU bmjzpfvdkU usKyfudkESKwfydwfzdkU BudK;pm;aewmvJ? trSefw&m;udk b,fawmhrS zHk;uG,fvdkU r&bl;qdkwm odxm;prf;yg}} [lusi;f onf acsmif;ajrmif;vkyBf uHo\ l rsuEf mS udk taotcsmjrif vdu k &f onf r[kwaf cs/ þtcsed þ f ae&mü rdrt d m;aoapvdo k o l nf csefceG ;f rS wpfyg;tjcm;olrjzpfEikd af cs/wkacgonf xdv k l vGwaf jrmufomG ;onfukd awGU&aom tcg ... ]]'Dvl[m wu,fyJ ?½Tifusif;vm;}} 859
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; wkeefu ajzvdkufonf/ ]][kwfw,f ... ½Tifusif;yJ}} wkacgu ... ]]'DtjzpfawGtm;vHk;&JU w&m;cH r[kwf&if olUtaeeJU bmaMumufp&m ½SdovJ? bmudk pdk;&drfp&m½SdovJ? bmjzpfvdkU ESKwfydwfzdkUBudK;pm;&wmvJ}} xdt k cdu k f ½kww f &ufqo kd vdyk if awmifuek ;f wpf0ufcefUrS vlrsm; atmf[pfou H Mkd um;vdu k &f onf csufcsif;yif vlckepfa,muf½Spfa,mufcefU awmifukef;xdyfodkU ckefvTm;a&muf½SdvmMuawmh\/ vlwpfa,muf\ atmf[pfoHonf awmifukef;wpfckvHk;wGif vTifhysH oGm;awmhonf/ ]]a½Smifvif*dkPf;u bkef;BuD;awGu b,fvdkvJ? yg;pyfu bk&m; ... bk&m;? vufu um;&m; ... um;&m; qdkwm 'Dvdkbkef;BuD;awGr[kwfvm;? tm;vHk;0dkif; wdkufMua[h}} ol U toH o nf Muuf o D ; xzG , f aumif ; vS a wmh o nf / xd k o l ½ S p f a ,muf p vH k ; vuf e uf u d k , f p D j zif h bkef;BuD;oHk;yg;pvHk;tm; 0ifa&mufwdkufcdkufMuawmh\/ ,cktcsed w f iG f [lusi;f onf rnfonfw h u kd u f u G Ef iS rhf Q &ifqikd &f jcif; r½Sad wmhay/ bke;f BuD;oH;k yg;wdUk tv,fwiG f at;aq;pGm xdkifvsufyJGMunhfy&dwfowf wpfa,muftjzpfMunfh½SKae&avNyD/ þvlrsm;\ odkif;uGufrsm;onf vGefcJhaom &ufrsm;twGif; a½Smifvifbkef;BuD;rsm;\ vufcsufaMumifh aocJh&olrsm;\ odkif;uGufrsm;ESifh wlnDaeonf/ xd k v l ½ S p f a ,muf t euf oH k ; a,muf a om od k i f ; orm;rsm;\ od k i f ; uG u f r sm;onf tqif h t wef ; vGefpGmjrifhrm;Mujcif;aMumifh ,cifu aocJholrsm;\*dkPf;wGif þodkif;orm;oHk;a,mufonf 0gpOfBuD; odkif;orm;BuD;rsm; jzpfMu[efwlonf/ wdkufyJGonf oHk;ae&mcJGí jzpfyGm;aeonf/ bkef;BuD;oHk;yg;udk oHk;pkcJGí wdkufaeMujcif;jzpfonf/ vloHk;a,mufuwkacgudk wdkufcdkuf\/ aemufoHk;a,mufu wkcsufudk wdkufcdkuf\/ usefESpfa,mufu wkeefudk wdkufcdkuf\/ wkeeftaejzifh vlESpfa,mufwnf;om wdkufcdkufaeonf[k qdk&aomf vnf; xdkvlESpfa,mufonf ½Spfa,mufxJütawmfqHk;olrsm; jzpfaeojzifh wkeeftzdkU vG,fvG,fululjzifh rwdkufEdkifbJ jzpfvmonf/ wjznf;jznf; ½SHK;edrfhrSKrsm; jyvmonf/ wkacgurl oHk;a,mufwpfa,muf wdkufae&aomfvnf; at;at;aq;aq;yif wdkufcdkufaeEdkifonf/ aemufxyftuGufESpfq,fcefU wdkufcdkufvdkufMuaomtcg wkacgonf tajctaetm;vHk;udk oHk;oyfoGm;rdonf/ wkeefonf wjznf;jznf; ½SHK;edrfhvmaMumif;awGU½SdoHk;oyfoGm;ojzifh wkeefESifhwdkufcdkufaeaom vlESpfa,mufudkBudK;jzifh vSrf;½dkufvdkuf\/ wkeefbufu 0ifa&mufulwdkufvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ wkacg vSrf;½dkufvdkufaom tbdk;BuD;ESpfa,mufwdkUonf oHrPdpkwfwH ESpfacsmif;pD udkifxm;NyD; wdkufcdkuf aeMujcif;jzpfonf/ olwdkUonf taMumxdk;odkif; ynm½SifBuD;rsm;jzpf[ef ½Sdonf/ xdt k csdeüf wdu k yf t GJ ajctaeajymif;vJomG ;jyefonf/ wkcsufuwpfa,muf wpfa,muf? wkacgESihf wkeefwUkd u ig;a,mufjzifh ,SOfNydKifvsuf ½SdaeMuonf wdkufyJGonf vuf&nfnDoGm;NyD jzpfíwpfOD;udkwpfOD; tEdkif,l&ef rvG,fulawmhacs/ odkif;uGufaygif; wpf&mausmf vmaomtcg bkef;BuD;oHk;yg;pvHk;\ BudK;rsm;onf wjznf;jznf;wdkvmawmhonf/ xdkodkU BudK;rsm;udk wdo k mG ;apojzifh wdu k f cdu k &f mwGif twGi;f tm;udk ydrk rkd oH;k &awmhacs/ odUk aomf vsijf refou G v f ufrKS awmh enf;oGm;onf/ aemufxyftcsdeftenf;i,f MumvmonfhtcgwGif BudK;rsm;xyfrHwdk oGm;jyefawmhonf/ oHrPdpkwfwHudkif tbdk;BuD;ESpfa,mufwdkUonf bkef;BuD;rsm;ESifh teD;uyfwdkufcdkufEdkif&efom BudK;pm; aeMuavonf/ olwdkUonf vufeufudkifaqmifxm;olrsm;jzpf&m teD;uyfwdkufcdkuf EdkifonfESifhtrQ olwdkUtaejzifh aocsmayguftom&Edkifayonf/
860
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;0wfqifxm;onfh tusÐaemufausmonf tpdwfpdwf t>rm>rm NyJoGm;awmhonf/ wkeef\½dkufcsufonf [lusif;\ tm;ajymif;tm;vJTodkif;ynmaMumifh [lusif;\ cE¨mudk,ftm; rnfodkUrQ 'ku©ray;vdkufEdkifaomfvnf; [lusif;\tusÐodkUrl tzsm;cwfoGm;jcif;jzpfawmh\/ wkeefonf [lusif;bufodkU vSnfhíwdkufcdkufaeonfhtcdkufol\ BudK;vufeufü wdkufcdkufrSKaysmhoGm;NyD; [muGufay:oGm;awmhonf/ xdktcGifhta&;udk vufvGwfrcHbJ yg;odkif;arG;ESifh tbdk;BuD;wpfa,mufonf ½kwfw&ufckeftkyfvdkuf awmhonf/ onfbkef;BuD;oHk;yg;onf BudK;jzifh wdkufcdkufolrsm;jzpfí BudK;vufeufjzifh ta0;wdkufcdkufrSKudkrl uRrf;usifrSK odyfr½SdvSay/ xdkUaMumifh tbdk;BuD;onf wkeefteD;odkU vsifjrefpGm ckef0ifoGm;EdkifNyD; wkeef\ b,fbuf&iftHk½Sd taMumrBuD;udk xdk;ydwfvdkufawmhonf/ þrQ eD;uyfaom tuGmta0;wGif wkeef\BudK;onf rnfodkUrQ toHk; r0ifbJ jzpfoGm;&onf/ wkeefonf oludkifxm;onfh BudK;vufeufudk urefuwef; vTwfcsvdkuf&NyD;nmbufvuf0g;jzifh ol\&iftHkudk umuG,f vdkuf&onf/ wqufwnf;yif b,fbufvufu jyefwdkufcdkufvdkufonf/ wkeeftaejzifhþtbdk;BuD;\ tEÅ&m,fudk ½kwfw&uf umuG,fEdkif vdkufonfrSm rSefaomfvnf; ol\BudK;vufeufudk atmufodkU vTwfcsxm;vdkuf&ojzifh oHk;yg;aygif;BudK;vufeuf wdkufuGuf ysufjym; oGm;&awmh\/ xdkUaMumifh oHrPdpkwfwHcGef udkifaqmifaom tbdk;BuD;uvnf; ckeftkyf 0ifa&mufvmjyefawmhonf/ xdkpOfajrBuD;wGif tcsnf;tESD;usaeaom wkeef\ BudK;onf ½kwfw&uf yg;jyif;axmifvmaom a>ra[mufwpfaumifuJhodkU ]½SL;}ceJ ajrmufwuf vmNyD; pkwfwHudkiftbdk;BuD;\ ezl;odkU wef;ceJ 0ifoGm;awmh\/ BudK;ra&mufao;rDyif tm;vSdKif;wpfcku ½dkufcwfvsuf½SdaeayNyD/ tbdk;BuD;onf olUezl;odkU a>ra[mufwpfaumifu xdk;aygufvdkufonfhyrm 0ifvmaom BudK;udkpkwfwH ESpaf csmif;jzifh uefUvefUcHí ckcv H u kd &f onf/ BudK;ESiphf w k w f H ½du k rf ad omtcg tbd;k BuD;vufEpS b f ufpvH;k xHu k sOo f mG ;um pkwfwH ESpfacsmif;onfvnf; vGifhpifxGufoGm;awmhrwwf cHpm;vdkuf&awmh\/ xdkBudK;onf vHk;0&yfem;jcif;r½SdbJ ab;bufodkU a0SU,rf;½dkufcwfoGm; jyef&maemufxyfoHk;a,mufonf wdkufcdkufae&mrS aemufodkU ckefa½SmifxGufoGm;&jyef onf/ xdktcsdefrSpí ysufjym;aecJhonfh BudK;vufeufwdkufuGufonf oHk;acsmif;pvHk; jyefvnfaygif;pyf rdoGm;MuNyD;tiftm;tjynfht0jzifh jyefvSefckcH wdkufcdkuf Edkifvmawmhonf/ ,cifuwdkufcdkufonfh t½SdefESKef;xufyif ydkrdk jyif;xefaeayao; onf/ a½Smifvifbkef;BuD;oHk;yg;pvHk;onf tvGef tHhMooGm;Muojzifh wkeef\ BudK;udk udkifxm;oltm; vSrf;Munfh vdkufMuonf/ xdktcsdefusrS olwdkUtm;vHk;[,fceJ atmfrdrQrwwf tqHk;pGefaom tHhMojcif;jzifh tHhMordawmh\/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf wkeef\ BudK;pudk udkifí olwdkUbufrS 0ifa&mufwdkufcdkufay;aeolum; olwdkUu t"du &efolBuD;tjzpf owfrSwfxm;aom usef;[lusif; jzpfaeaomaMumifh yifwnf;/ [lusif;onf wkeef\ BudK;odkif;ynmudk aumif;pGmruRrf;usifaomfvnf; ol\twGif;tm;onf wkeefxuf tawmfyif jrifhrm;ojzifh BudK;udk vufeuf tjzpf½kwfcsnf; toHk;csEdkifjcif; jzpfayonf/ [lusif;\BudK;vufeufaMumifhyif vlckepfa,mufpvHk; aemufodkU ckefqkwfoGm;&jcif;jzpfonf/ wkeefESifh wdkufcdkufaeaomtbdk;BuD;rSmvnf; wjznf;jznf; ½SHK;edrfhvmawmh\/ wu,fwrf;wpfa,mufcsif; wdkufcdkuf MuaomtcgwGif wkeefonf þtbdk;BuD;xuf tqifhESpfqifhrQ ydkíjrifhrm;aeaMumif;awGU½Sd&awmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh xdktbdk;BuD;onfvnf; avwpfcsufcRefum olUtazmfckepfa,mufckefxGufoGm;onfh wdkufyJG0dkif;tjyifodkU jyefvnf ckefxGufoGm;awmhonf/ usef;[lusif;onf oludkifxm;onfhBudK;udk wkeef\vufxJodkU jyefvnfxnfhay;vdkufonf/ olurl wGif;BuD;\atmufodkU iHkUMunhfumatmf[pfar; jref;vdkufonf/ ]]tazBuD; ...uRefawmf [lusif;av? uRefawmftazBuD;udk vmu,fwm? tazBuD; tjyifudk xGufEdkif&JUvm;}} wGif;xJrS ½SufpGef;\toH jyefay:vmonf/ ]]ig rxGufbl;vlav;? rif;vdr®mw,f? 'gayr,fh ighudkapmifhraeeJhawmh rif;bmomrif;jyefoGm;awmh}} 862
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf tvGeftHhMooGm;onf/ xdkUaMumifhxyfrHatmf[pfar;jref; vdkufjyefonf/ ]]tazBuD;udk taMumydwfxm;ovm;? 'grSr[kwfoHBudK;eJU csnfxm;vdkUvm;}} [lusif;onf ½SufpGef;\tajzudk vHk;0rapmifhawmhbJwGif;xJodkU ckefqif;oGm;awmh\[lusif;onf AGrf;ceJ a&xJodkUusoGm;awmhonf/ a&onf cg;0uf cefUeufonf/ ]]tm; ... awmfawmf&ufpufwJh bkef;BuD;awGygvm;? tazBuD;udk wpfcsdefvHk; a&pdrfxm;Muwmudk;}} [lusif;onf rsm;pGmpdwfxdcdkufoGm;awmhonf/ olonf ½SufpGef;½Sd&modkU a&mufatmifoGm;NyD; ½SufpGef;\ ajcvufrsm;udk oHBudK;rsm;jzifh csnfaESmifxm;jcif; ½Sdr½Sd? prf;oyfMunfhvdkufonf/ oHBudK;[lí wpfyifwpfavrQyif r½Sdacs/xdkUjyif taMumrsm;xdk;ydwfcH&jcif;½Sdr½Sd prf;oyfMunfhaomtcgwGifvnf; vHk;0taMumydwfcH &jcif;r½SdaMumif; awGU½Sd&onf/ xdkUaMumifh[lusif;onf ½SufpGef;\vufarmif;udkqJGí wGif;ezl;ay:odkU ckefwufvdkufonf/ ½SufpGef;onf [lusif;wGef;z,fxm;onfhausmufcsyfBuD;ay:ü xdkifvdkufonf/ [lusif;onf at;at;aq;aq; xdkifaeaom ½SufpGef;tm;ajymvdkuf onf/ ]]tazBuD; ... tck olwdkUESpfbufwdkufyJGjzpfaeMuw,f? uRefawmfwdkU xGufajy;zdkU taumif;qHk;tcsdefyJ tazBuD; uRefawmfwdkUajy;MupdkU}} [lusif;onf olUtazBuD;\vufuq kd í GJ xGucf mG [efjyKvdu k o f nf/ odUk aomf½u S pf eG ;f url wkww f w k rf Q rvSKyf ausmuf½kyfBuD;wpf½kyftvm; ausmufcsyfBuD; ay:wGif NidrfoufpGmxdkifNrJxdkifaeonf/ twefMumaomtcgrS pum;pwifajymonf/ ]]vlav; [lusif; ... ighb0rSm tBuD;rm;qHk;aom jypfrSKBuD;uawmh cHk;usufq&mawmfBuD;udk owfrdcJhwmyJ? ighudkoma½Smifvif*dkPf;u r[kwfbJ onfhjyif *dkPf;u zrf;xm;vdkUuawmh igujyefwdkufrSmyJ? 'gayr,fhtck a½Smifvif*dkPf;rSm ig a&mufaewmuawmh ighoabmeJUig tzrf;cHvdkufwmyg}} [lusif;onf pdwfxJrS tvefUwMum;a&½Gwfvdkufrdawmhonf/ ]]tvdk ... bk&m; ... bk&m; ... tazBuD;u oufouftzrf;cHvdkufwmudk;}} NyD;rS pdk;&drfylyefpGmESifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]tazBuD; ... tazBuD;u ckH;usufq&mawmfBuD;udkwrifowfcsifvdkU rS r[kwfbJ? rawmfwq vufvGefrdvdkU ysHvGefoGm;&wmyJ? aemufNyD; wu,fawmh'gawG tm;vHk;[m [dk ... csefcGef;qdkwJh vl,kwfrm&JUvSnfhuGufaMumifh jzpfysufcJh&wmyJOpöm? tazBuD;rSm tjypfr½Sdygbl; wpfck½Sdao;w,f? tazBuD;&JU wpftdrfom;vHk;&JU &efa
863
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rwm;qD; Edkifbl; 'gayr,fh tckudpö [musKyfwdkU&JU a&Smifvif*dkPf;BuD;eJU ywfoufaevdkU usKyfwdkUtaeeUJ cGifhvTwfcsif aomfvnf; cGifhvTwfzdkU tifrwef cufaeygw,f? *dkPf;csKyfBuD; taeeJU &SufpGef;udk tckac:oGm;csifw,fqdk&if usKyfwdkUoHk;a,mufudk t&ifqHk; &Sif;vif;NyD;rS u,fwifoGm;ygvdkU usKyfajymcsifygw,f}} [lusif;url NidrfoufpGmem;axmifaerdonf/ wkacgu qufíajym onf/ ]]usKyfwdkU oHk;a,mufeJU tvif;rmef*dkPf;&JU &efNidK;uawmh 'DaeU 'DtcsdefupNyD; acszsufvdkufygNyD? *dkPf;csKyfBuD;taeeJU &SufpGef;udk u,fwifcsifw,f qdk&ifawmh tazmfawGudk oGm;ac:cJhyg? b,favmufyJrsm;rsm; usKyfwdkUu vufcH oabmwlygw,f? apmapmwkef;uwdkufyJGrSm qdk&ifvJ? *dkPf;csKyfBuD; wpfa,muf wnf;uawmif usKyfwdkUoHk;a,mufudk wdkufcdkufEdkifao;wmyJ? usKyfwdkUoHk;a,mufudk EdkifNyDqdk&ifawmh &SufpGef;udk ac:vdk&m ac:oGm;EdkifygNyD? 'DMum;umvtwGif;rSm awmh usKyfwdkU &SufpGef;&JU touftEÅ&m,f vHkNcHKa&;twGuf vHk;0wm0ef ,lvdkufygw,f? olU&JU qHyifarG;ñSif;uav; wpfyifwavawmif rxdcdkufap&ygbl;}} [lusif;u olUtazBuD; &SufpGef;tm; vSrf;Munhfvdkuf ½SufpGef;tm; vSrf;Munfh\ &SufpGef;url rwkefrvSKyf ausmuf½kyf [lusif;onf pdwfxdcdkufvm ojzifh rsuf&nfrsm; 0Jvmawmhonf/ ]]'DaeUawmh ... igolwdkUudk Edkifatmifb,fvdkrS wdkufcdkufrSm r[kwfawmhbl; bdk;bdk;csifxif;usuf? &efa&mifeJU clwdkwdkU ac:NyD; 0dkif;wdkufrS jzpfawmhr,f? 'gawmif EdkifrS Edkifyghrvm;rodbl;}} [lusif;onf ol\tawG;pudk jzwfypfvkdufNyD; bkef;awmfBuD;oHk;yg;tm; ½dkaoav;pm;pGmjzifh avQmufxm; vdkufavonf/ ]]aumif;ygNyD bk&m;? 'Dvdkqdk&ifvJ aemufqHk;av;&ufavmufus rS bkef;awmfBuD;wdkUeJU wynfhawmf vmawGUygOD;r,f bk&m;}} [lusif;onf &SufpGef;bufodkU vSnfhíESKwfqufvdkufonf/ ]]tazBuD; uRefawmfoGm;awmhr,faemf}} ,cktcsdefwGif [lusif;onf olUü ydwfaeaom taMumrsm;udk ol\ twGif;tm;jzifh jyefzGifhEdkifNyD jzpfojzifh olUtazBuD;tm; ayGUzufESKwfqufvdkuf onf/ &SufpGef;url [lusif;\OD;acgif;udk ajz;nif;,k,pGmyGwfoyfay;NyD; cspfcifMuifemrSK tjynfht0yg&Sdaom avoHjzifh ajymqdkqHk;raeonf/ ]]vlav; vdrfvdrfrmrmaeaemf ? ighudk twkrcdk;eJU taz&JU rif;taz&JU twkudkcdk;? pdwfxm;aumif;aumif;xm; jrifhjrifhBuH Mum;vm; vlav;}} [lusi;f onf rnfonfph um;rQ rajymawmh/ t½dt k ao wpfcsuaf y;um csucf si;f ckex f u G v f u kd Nf yD; arSmifxw J iG f aysmufu, G o f mG ;awmhonf/ odUk aomf [lusif;\ pl;&Sus,favmifaom avcRefou H rl ra0;BuD;rS xGuaf y:vmonfukd bkef;awmfBuD; oHk;yg;pvHk; Mum;vdkuf&onf/ xdkUjyif [lusif;\ tHhrcef;xl;cRefvS aom udk,fazmhodkif;ynmudk awGUjrifvdkufMu&aomtcg tBuD;tus,f wkefvSKyf oGm;Mu&onf/ [lusif;taejzifh a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;ü 0ifcdkaeonfh tcsufonf ay:vGifoGm;NyD; wrifoufouf aemufqHk;taejzifh olUtpGrf;tp xkwfjyvdkufjcif;jzpf\/ olonf ol\ udk,fazmhodkif;ynmudk tpGrf;ukefoHk;í vnf;aumif; twGif;tm;udk tm;ukefoHk;ívnf;aumif; pl;&SpGm avcRef&if;ajy; qif;vmjcif;jzpfawmhonf/ rd k ; oH a voH r sm;u xd k ; azmuf v maom [l u sif ; \ pl ; &S u s,f a vmif v S o nf h avcRef o H o nf a&Smifvifb&k m;ausmif; wpfcv k ;kH tBuD;tus,f wkev f KS yf oGm;apawmhonf/ bk&m;ausmif;0if; wpfcv k ;kH ½kw½f w k o f o J J jzpfomG ;Muonf/ aemufq;kH avcReo f aH ysmufomG ;awmhryS if tenf;i,f Nidro f ufomG ;MuNyD; xifaMu;trsKd ;rsKd ;ay;vsuf &SdaeMuawmh\/ awmifay:rS wpf&Sdefxdk; ajy;qif;vmaom [lusif;onf awmifajcodkU a&mufaomtcg ol\t&Sdefukd ½kwfjcnf; &yfwefUvdkuf&awmhonf/ tb,f aMumifhqdkaomf awmifajc&Sd opfyifwpfyiftuG,frS vl&dyfwpfck ½kwfceJ xGufvmaomaMumifh aywnf;/
865
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866
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf ,if;tuGufudk BudKwif arQmfvifhxm;NyD; jzpfojzifh ol\ nmvuf0g;udk rsufESma&SUwGif umxm;vdkufawmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh xkdvuf acsmif;rsm; xdk;pdkufa&muf&SdvmonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf zrf;qkyf csKyfudkifvdkufawmh onf/ [lusif;onf wpfqufwnf;yif xdo k \ l vufukd vdrcf sdK;&ef jyif qifvu kd o f nf/ odUk aomf xdo k \ l vufonf El;nHhaysmhaysmif;aom rdef;uav;wpfOD; \ vufjzpfaerSef; odvdkuf&aomtcgwGif vufudk vdrfcsdK;&ef rBudK;pm; awmhbJ tdrftjyifodkU tm;ESifhvJTí wGef;xkwfvdkufawmh\/ xdkrdef;uav;onf tjyifodkUa&mufonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf rnfodkUrQ jyefvSef wdkufcdkufrSKudk rvkyfawmhbJ ajy;vTm;ckefxGufoGm;um aysmufuG,foGm; awmhonf/ ausmufrdefrSmrl [lusif;wGef;vTwfvdkufuwnf;u wHcg;abmif Mum;wGifykef;uG,faeNyD; jzpfayonf/ &efolckefvTm;xGufajy;aomtcgusrS tvefU wMum; xGufvmNyD; [lusif;tm; ar;vdkufonf/ ]]ol ... ol ... b,folvJ[if}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\ tar;pum;udk vHk;0rajzEdkifao;/ ausmufrdeftm; rD;jcpfausmufxkwfum rD;jcpfapNyD; tdrfwGif;&Sd rD;tdrfudk rD;xGef;ñSd apvdkufonf/ rD;pmudk jr§ifhwifvdkufaomtcg wpfcef;vHk; vif;xdefoGm;awmh\/ tcef;axmifh wpfae&mwGifum; v,form; [efaqmifxm;Muaom tbdk;BuD;ESifh tbGm;BuD;wdkU ESpfa,muf toufaysmufvsuf &SdaeMuayNyD/ olwdkU om;twGuf &SufpGef;tay: &efa
867
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]ausmufrdef ... rif;vJ 'Dtwdkif; wdkUeJU vdkufaevdkUuawmh jzpfrSm r[kwfbl;? 'Dawmh ½kyfzsufxm;vdkufyg? a&Smifvif*dkPf;ubkef;BuD;awGu rif;udk rrSwfrdzdkUu ta&;BuD;w,f}} ausmufrdefonf a&Smifvif*dkPf;ubkef;BuD;awGudk zrf;csKyfcJhzl;ol jzpf&m a&Smifvif*dkPf;u olrtm; vHk;0tcJaMuusvdrfhrnf r[kwfay/ xdkUaMumifh BudKwif½kyfzsufxm; cdkif;&jcif;jzpfonf/ ausmufrdefurl t&,ftNyHK;rysufbJ [lusif;tm;jyefajymvdkufonf/ ]]'Dvdkqdk&if uRefru ajrBuD;tvHtzJGUom; wpfa,muftaeeJU [efaqmifvdkufr,f? 'gqdk&if vHkNcHKa&maygh}} aNrMuD; tvHtzGJUacgif;aqmifu olwkdYtzGJU\ t0wftpm; wpfpHkudk ausmufrdeftm; vSrf;ay;vkdkufonf/ ausmufrdefonf xdkt0wftpm; rsm; 0wfqifvkdufaomtcg rif;orD;jzpfaMumif; rnfolurQ rodatmif ajymif;vJ oGm;awmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf t0wftpm;rsm; vJNyD;onf ESifh ajrMuD;tvH tzGJUom;rsm; tMum;wGif a&m,Suf 0ifaevkdufonf/ tpDtpOftm;vHk; csrSwfNyD;onfESifh us,favmifpl;&Saom c&moH&SnfMuD; ay:xGufvmawmhonf/ tvif;rmef*dkPf;om;rsm; qufvufcsDwuf&ef tcsufay;vkdufaom c&moHyifwnf;/ a&Smifvif*dkPf;om;rsm;uvnf; [lusif;ay;xm;aom pmukd MudKwif &&Sdxm;ojzifh olwkdYudk xGufí MudKqkdaeMuonf/ cHk;wHkbkef;awmfMuD;u [lusif;u olwkdYtm; u,fwifcJhzl;ojzifh aus;Zl;wifaecJhaomvnf; ,ck csefcGef;\ pum;wGif em;a,mufoGm;NyD; vdrfvnfjzm;a,mif;cHxm;&NyD; [lusif;\ aus;Zl;udk todtrSwf rjyKawmhacs/ [lusif; u,fq,fonfrSm tuGufqifí u,fq,fjcif;om jzpfonf[k rSwf,loGm;NyD; rkef;wD;aeNyD jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh ,ck [lusif;tm; rsufESmcsif;qkdif awGUonfhtcgwGif ysLiSmcsKdomrI vHk;0 r&SdbJ at;pufrmaMumaeawmhonf/ [lusif;tm; 0wfauswef;aus wpfcsufrQom EIwfqufNyD; rnfonfh pum;rQ xyfrajymawmhacs/ [lusif;u ½dkaoav;pm;pGm EIwf qufvkdufNyD; ajymp&m &Sdwmudk ajymvkdufonf/ ]]wynfhawmfwkdY *dkPf;taeeJY 'DwpfMudrf 'Dudk vm&wmuawmh *dkPf;csKyfq&mawmfMuD;eJY ajymp&m&SdvkdY vm&jcif; jzpfygw,f}} cHk;usd bkef;awmfMuD;u acgif;wpfcsufndwfvkdufNyD; ... ]]'Dvdkqkd&if txJudk MuGyg}} cHk;usdbkef;awmfMuD;onf [lusif;tm; twGif;aqmifrsm;odkY ac: aqmifoGm;\/ *dkPf;csKyfq&mawmfMuD; cHk;0efonf ukd,fwkdifvkdufygvmonf[k Mum;od&ojzifh tjcm;aom 0gawmfMuD; bkef;awmfMuD;rsm;ESifhtwl bk&m;ausmif; cef;rxJwGif [lusif;tm; apmifhMudKaeMuonf/ [lusif;onf ol\ vm&if;udpöudk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;yif ajym vkdufonf/ cHk;0efq&mawmfMuD;uvnf; oG,f0dkufrI r&SdbJ [lusif; wkdYtm; olwkdY\ oabmxm;udk jyefMum;vkdufonf/ q&mawmfMuD;u ... ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; taeeJY raeYnwkef;u bkef;MuD;&JU *dkPf;wl OD;av; oHk;a,mufudk awGUNyD;NyD r[kwfvm;/ *kP d ;f wlO;D av;awGu bke;f MuD; wkYd ukd trdeYf ay;xm;ygw,f/ wu,fvYkd *dP k ;f csKyfMuD; a&mufvmcJrh ,f qk&d if olwYdkqu D kd vTwfvkdufygwJh? 'gaMumifhrkdY 'DudpöeJY yufowfNyD; ajz&Sif;&if *dkPf;csKyfMuD; taeeJY olwkdYeJY ajz&Sif;wmu ykdaumif;ygw,f? bmjzpfvkdYvJ qkdawmh bkef;MuD;u *dkPf;csKyfMuD; qkdayr,fh *dkPf;wl OD;av;awG&JU MoZmudkawmh vGefqef&JwJhvl r[kwfygbl;? bkefMuD;taeeJY 'DudpörSm bmrS rajymvkdbl;? wu,fvkYd *dkPf;csKyfMuD;u bkef;MuD;&JU *dkPf;wl OD;av;wkdYudk ,SOfNydKifEkdif&ifawmh &SufpGef;udk ac:oGm;Ekdifygw,fvkdYyJ bkef;MuD;taeeJY ajymcsifygw,f}} &SufpGef;udk u,fwifa&;twGuf pnf;urf;? enf;vrf;rsm;onf &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; &SdoGm;NyD;jzpfí tvif;rmef*dkPf;om; tm;vHk;wkdYonf awmifukef;xufodkY xGufcGmoGm;Muawmhonf/
869
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(97) vuf&nfwlwdkufyJG wkacgbkef;awmfBuD;onf [lusif;tvsiftjref jyefvnfa&muf&Sdvmonfudk awGU& aomtcg tvGefw&m pdwfvSKyf&Sm;oGm;awmhonf/ wkacgu ... ‘]usef;[lusif; 'DtBudrfwdkufzdkUawmh tazmfawG ac:cJh w,f r[kwfvm;? tazmf b,fESpfa,mufeJU igwdkUudk wdkufrSmvJ}} &efa&mifwdkUvlodkufonf opfyifMum;wGif xdkifaeaombkef;BuD;oHk;yg;pvHk;tm; tuJcwfvdkufMuonf/ oHk;yg;pvHk; ydefvSDvSonf rSefaomfvnf;pum;ajymvdkufonfhtcg tvGefyif toH us,favmifvSonfudk owdjyKrdvdkufMuojzifh bkef;BuD;oHk;yg;pvHk;\ twGif;tm;udk cefUrSef;EdkifoGm;Muonf/ [lusif;tzdkUrSmvnf; bkef;BuD;rsm;\ tar;pum;ESifh ywfoufí tBuD;tus,f pOf;pm;ae&onf/ ]]raeUnu olwdkUoHk;a,mufudk igwpfa,mufwnf;eJU rEdkifwmuawmh trSefyJ? 'DaeUqdk&if igwdkUbufrSm vlawmhrsm;w,f? trsm;BuD;eJU 0dkif;wdkuf&ifawmh EdkifEdkifw,f? 'gayr,fh tEdkif&ayr,fh odu©mr&SdwJh tEdkif&jcif;rsdK; jzpfoGm;rSmyJ? igwdkU *dkPf;&JU odu©mvJ usoGm;rSmyJ? vlenf;enf;eJU olwdkUudk wdkufcdkufvJ EdkifrSmr[kwfbl;? tif; ... taumif;qHk; uawmh oHk;a,muf oHk;a,mufcsif; ,SOfwm taumif;qHk;yJ jzpfrSmyJ}} 870
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872
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]][ifhtif; ... ru,fEdkifygbl;? tazBuD;udk apmifhMuyfaewJh a&Smifvif bkef;awmfBuD; awG&JU odkif;ynm[m odyftqihftwef; jrifhaevdkU ½SHK;edrfhcJh&w,f}} csLusL; u ... ]]tif; ... ESajrmzdkUaumif;vdkufwm}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ rsufESmü pdwfqdk;aom trlt&mvHk;0r&SdaMumif; awGU&Sd vdkuf&onf/ csLusL;\ tjyKtrl tajymtqdkrsm;onf vlpdrf;olpdrf; wpfOD;\ tjyKtrl tajymtqdkwdkUESifh vHk;0wlnDaeavonf/ þodkUjzpf&jcif;onf rdrd\ tjypfaMumifhom jzpf&onf[k [lusif;taejzifh ESvHk;ydkufrdojzifh csLusL;tm; vHk;0cGifhvTwfrdavonf/ [lusif;onf wpfpHkwpf&mudk ½kwfw&uf owd&vdkufonf/ csLusL;onf ,cktcgü odkif;ynm tvGefjrifh rm;vmol jzpfí rdrdESifh ,SOfwJGum wdkufcdkufEdkifvQif a&Smifvif bkef;awmfBuD;oHk;yg;udk tEdkif,lEdkifaMumif;yifwnf;/ xdkUaMumifh 0rf;omtm;& avoHESifh ajymvdkufrdonf/ ]]csLusL; ... igrif;udk tultnDwpfck awmif;yefyg&ap}} [lusif;\ pum;udk Mum;vdkuf&onfESifh csLusL;\ rsufESmonf ½kwfjcnf; wif;rm oGm;NyD; ... ]]usef;[lusif; &Sifh&JU tajymtqdk trlt&mawGudk qifqifjcifjcif xdef;xdef;odrf;odrf; ajymyg? uRefrudkvJ emrnfrac:ygeJU ? 'Dvdk qufqHp&m bmtaMumif;rS r&Sdbl;}} olronf [lusif;tm; þodkUajymvdkuf&mrS vufudk a0SU,rf;&if; aemufbufodkU vSrf;ajymvdkufonf/ ]]qdkUcsif;pl; ... 'Dudk vmcJhprf;ygOD; &SifeJU uRefrwdkU&JU udpöudk usef;[lusif;udk ajymjyvdkufprf;yg}} xdktcg rsufESmwGif yg;NrdKif;arT;? rkwfqdwfarT; usifpG,frsm;ESifh vlwpfa,mufu xGufvmNyD; [lusif;udk t½dktao ay;&if;ESKwfqufvdkufonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfBuD; ... usef;rm&JUaemf}} [lusif;onf qdkUcsif;pl; ½kyfzsufxm;aMumif; od&Sdvdkufrdonf/ xdkUaMumifh jyefvnf ESKwfqufvdkuf&onf/ ]]aMomf ... tpfudk qdkUcsif;pl;ygvm;? tpfudkvJ usef;rmygw,faemf}} qkdkUcsif;pl;u NyHK;íajymonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfBuD;udk usKyftaeeJU odyfNyD; aus;Zl;wifaerdygw,f? bmjzpfvdkUvJ qdkawmh [dkwpfaeUu udpö*dkPf;csKyfBuD;u usKyf&JU ZeD;udk vufxyfcgeD;rS vufxyfyJG zsufodrf;vdkuf ... }} [lusif;onf qdkUcsif;pl;\ ]usKyf&JUZeD;udk} [lonfh pum;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg ol\ em;xJodkU rdk;BudK;q,fpif;rQ ypfcGif;vdkufonfhyrm xdwfvefUacsmufcsm;oGm;awmh\/ xdkUaMumifh tvefUwMum; atmf[pfar;jref;vdkufawmhonf/ ]]bm ... bmajymvdkufw,f}} qdkUcsif;pl;u at;aq;pGmyif ajymvdkufonf/ ]]csLusL;[m usKyfeJu vufxyfNyD;om;yg}} [lusif;onf ol\i,fxyd o f Ukd rd;k BudK;xyfypfcv H u kd &f ouJo h Ukd rl;a0aeufusdomG ; NyD; ywf0ef;usif wpfcv k ;kH udk rjrifEikd af vmufatmif rdu k cf eJ jyma0oGm;&awmh\/ ol\ em;xJ wGiv f nf; rnfonfh toHwpfpw kH pf&mudrk Q rMum;&bJ jzpfomG ;&onf / twefMum aomtcgusrS vlwpfa,mufonf ol\vufarmif;udk qJu G ikd v f KS yf&if; wJ, G v l u kd af Mumif; owdxm;vdkufrdNyD; em;rSvnf; pum;oHudk uJGuJGjym;jym; Mum;vdkuf&awmhonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfBuD; jyefMupdkU}} [lusif;onf owdjyef0ifvmojzifh ol\vufarmif;udk vmwJGoludk Munfhvdkufrd \/ a0vif; jzpfaeownf;/ a0vif;onf &GH&Smemusnf;aom tMunhfjzifh csLusL;udk Munhfum ajymvdkufonf/ ]]csLusL; ... usKyfwdkU&JU *dkPf;csKyfBuD;[m aus;Zl;eJU opömw&m;udk tNrJwrf; OD;xdyf xm;wJhvlyg? [dkaeUu tjzpftysufaMumifh cifAsm;u'DvleJU vufxyfvdkufw,faygh [kwf vm;? aumif;w,f? odyfaumif;w,f? [if; ... [if; ... [if; }}
882
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885
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkif;orm;wpfa,mufu xíar;vdkufonf/ ]]e*g;Edkif"m; b,frSmvJqdkawmh cHk;usdq&mawmfBuD;rodbl; qdk&if &SufpGef;uawmh odrSmyJ? 'D"m;[m aemufqHk;&SufpGef;vufxJ a&mufoGm;cJh&wm r[kwfvm;? olUudk ac:xkwfNyD;om ar;Munfhyg}} xdkpOf ... cHk;usd q&mawmfBuD;\ aemufbufwGif&yfvsuf&Sdonfh wm;rmausmif;wkduf bkef;awmfBuD; wpfyg;onf ½kwfw&ufa&SUodkUxGufvmonf/ ]]'umwdkUtm;vHk; 'DaeU 'Dae&mudk a&mufvmMuwm &SufpGef;&JU e*g;Edkif"m;twGufyJ r[kwfvm;? 'Dawmh 'umwdkU tcsif;csif; odkif;ynm,SOfNydKifMuyg/ odkif;ynm tawmfqHk; vl&JU vufxJudk &SufpGef;udk tyfvdkufr,f? BudKufovdkom qHk;jzwfayawmh ? e*g;Edkif"m;vJ 'Dtwdkif;yJ BudKufovdkqHk;jzwfEdkifw,f}} [lusif;onf zef[dkqefUudk avoHwdk;wdk;jzifh ar;vdkufonf/ ]]'Dbkef;BuD;u b,folvJ} ]]rodbl; *dkPf;csKyfBuD;? awmfawmfuav;awmh xl;qef;wmyJ? a&Smifvif*dkPf; tpOftqufu 'Dvdkajymavh r&SdMubl; cHk;usdq&mawmfBuD;[m olUxuf trsm;BuD; tqifhydkjrifhwmyJ? tckMunfhprf;? cHk;usdq&mawmfBuD;udk ab;z,fxm;NyD; oludk,fwdkif tqHk;tjzwfay;aewm}} ausmufrdefonf avoHwdk;wdk;av;jzifh 0ifa&muf ajymMum;vmonf/ ]]'DtwGufawmh &SifwdkUOD;aESmuf odyfacsmufraeMuygeJU ? 'g[m csefcGef;&JU tzJGUom;yJ jzpf&r,f? ajrBuD;vufcwfrvJb G ;l xifw,f? uRerf xifxm;wmudyk g &Siw f Ukd udk ajymjyvdu k rf ,f? cH;k 0ef q&mawmfBuD;[m csecf eG ;f &JU vufxJa&mufaeNyD; cHk;usdq&mawmfBuD;[m tusyfudkifcHae&vdkU 'Davmufpdwf"mwfusaewm jzpf&r,f}} [lusif;onf apmapmuwnf;uyif cHk;usdq&mawmfBuD;\ tajymtqdk tjyKtrl xl;jcm;csufrsm;udk owdjyKrdojzifh wpfckckawmh wpfckckyJ[k xifrSwfcJhonf/ ausmufrdefuJhodkUrl rawG;EdkifcJhacs/ ausmufrdefu ol\xifjrif,lqcsufudk þodkUajymvdkufaomtcg [lusif; vHk;0 oabmwl vufcH vdkufonf/ ]][kwfw,f ... ausmufrdefajymwm trsm;BuD;jzpfEdkifw,f}} zef[dkqefUu ... ]]csefcGef;u wu,fh vl,kwfrmyJ odkif;avmuu vlawGtm;vHk; tcsif;csif; &efNidK;zJGU wdkufcdkufEdkifatmif vkyfaewmyJ}} ausmufrdefu ... ]][kwfw,f ... csefcGef;&JU tBuHuawmh olUtzdkU wu,faumif;wmyJ? 'Dodkif;NydKifyJGrSm [lusif; Edkifr,fqdkwm olwGufxm;w,f? EdkifcJh&if aemufqHk;awmh [dkbkef;awmfBuD; oHk;yg;eJU wdkufcdkufOD;rSmyJ? [lusif;u 'DNydKifyJGrSm tm;ukeo f ;kH NyD; NydKifxm;&awmh tm;odyu f ek cf ef;aerSm taotcsmyJ ? [db k ek ;f awmfBuD;oH;k yg;eJU ,SOw f u kd &f if rkcs½SKH ;rSmyJ ? 'Dawmh [lusif;vJ [db k ek ;f BuD; oH;k yg; vufcsufeUJ aoa&m? udpv ö t J m;vH;k jywfa&m ol&UJ tpDtpOfuawmh wu,fu h kd a&yufr0ifEdkif avmufatmifaumif;wJh tpDtpOfyg}} ausmufrdefonf OD;aESmuf tvGefaumif;oljzpfonf/ csefcGef;\ tuGufrsm;udk BudKwifjrifxm;olvnf; jzpfonf/ tvif;rmef*dkPf;om; tm;vHk;wdkUonf ausmufrdef\ pum;udk NidrfoufpGm em;axmifrdMuonf/ ausmufrdefonf oufjyif;csum qufajymonf/ ]]tvif;rmef*dkPf;BuD; NydKuJGzdkUuawmh aocsmoavmuf jzpfaeNyD? Munfh&wm csefcGef;[m cHk;0ef q&mawmfBuD;udk tqdyfcwfvdkufyHk&w,f? cHk;0efq&mawmfudk tqdyfcwf owfvdkufr,f? cHk;usd q&mawmfBuD;&JU vufcsufvdkU pGyfpGJ Muvdrfhr,f? csefcGef;[m a&Smifvif*dkPf;xJrSm ol&JUolvQdKawG 'vefawG arG;xm;NyD;aeNyD? 'DolUwynfhawGuvJ csefcGef; pGyfpJGcsufawG rSefuefaMumif; axmufcHvdrfhr,f? cHk;usdq&mawmfBuD; odu©musoGm;NyD;&if olUi,fom;awGu olUudk *dkPf;csKyfq&mawmfBuD;tjzpf wifajr§mufMuvdrfhr,f? csefcGef;[m csufcsif; vufiif; tvif;rmef*dkPf;udk NzdKzsufypfrSmyJ? 'gqdk&if ol[m odkif;avmu&JU wpfOD;wnf;aom xdyfoD;acgif;aqmifBuD; jzpfoGm;&NyDaygh}} ausmufrdefonf olr\ xifjrifcsufrsm;udk tvif;rmef*dkPf;om;rsm;tm; wdk;ñSif;pGm ajymjyaejcif; jzpf&m tjcm;rnfolwpfOD;wpfa,mufrQ Mum;vdkuf&jcif; r&Sday/ 887
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csLxif;onf ausmufrdef\ awG;ac:yHkudk oabmusvSojzifh olUaygifolykwfum vTwfceJ ajymvdkufrdonf/ ]][kwfw,f [kwfw,f? odyfaMumufp&maumif;wJh tBuHtpnfygvm;}} csLxif;\ toHonf tvGefus,favmifoGm;ojzifh ab;rS vltawmfrsm;rsm; Mum; vdkufMu&NyD; csLxif;udk 0dkif;MunfhvdkufMuonf/ t&ufbk&if quf[lu ... ]]bm tBuHtpnfawGrsm;vJAs usKyfudkvJ ajymjyygOD; tcsif;csif;awGyJ[m}} csLxif;u ... ]]b,fajymvdkU jzpfrvJAs? usKyfucifAsm;wdkU tcsif;csif; ckwfxpfowfjzwfcsifatmif &efwdkufay;aewm usKyfu zGifhajymvdkuf&if usKyftBuHtpnf b,fatmifawmhrvJ}} t&ufbk&if quf[lonf csLxif;\ pum;rsm;udk oabmusvSojzifh w[m;[m; &,farmjyefawmhonf/ NyD;rS ... ]]cifAsm; tBuHu b,fqdk;vdkUwkef;? b,fvdk&efaxmifay;rSmvJ usKyfyg0if ulnDwef ulnD&wmaygh}} csLxif;onf ol\ toHudk wrifyif us,fus,favmifavmifajymvdkufonf/ ]]usKyfrmS ,kw, f w k rf mrm tBuHtpnfwpfck &Sw d ,fAs/ usKyfu [efaqmifNyD; e*g;Edik "f m; usKyfqrD mS &Sw d ,fvUkd ajymr,f? odkif;ynm tawmfqHk;vl&JU vufxJ e*g;Edkif"m;udk tyfr,fvdkU usKyfu ajymvdkuf&if ... }} quf,lonf atmf[pf axmufcHvdkufonf/ ]][kwfw,f ... [kwfw,f? odyfaumif;wJh tBuHyJ? aemufawmhbmawG xyfjzpfrvJ}} ausmufrdef\ pdwfxJwGif ... ]]tif; 'Dt&uform;[m igwdkUtwGuf tultnD ay;aeovdkygyJvm;? olu csLxif;eJU twdkiftazmuf nDnDudk ajymaewmyJudk;}} csLxif;onf atmfBuD;[pfus,f ajymaejyefonf/ ]]'D"m;u odkif;avmuudk OD;aqmifEdkifwJh "m;qdkawmhrvdkcsifwJhvl b,f&SdyghrvJ r[kwfbl;vm; 'Dawmh t&uform;u t½SL;udo k wf? bke;f BuD;u t&uform;udo k wf? bke;f BuD;udk &aohuowf? &aohukd rde;f uav;uowf? [m; ... [m; ... [m; ... [m; ... ? [D; ... [D; ... [D; ...? olowfvdkuf igowfvdkufeJU tavmif;awG jynfhESufNyD; okomefajr rSm wapäawG waomaom jzpfaeawmhrSmyJ? [m; ... [m; ... [m; }} y&dowftm;vH;k onf us,favmifvaS om csLxif;\pum;udMk um;vdu k &f onf/ tm;vH;k Muufo;D wjzef;jzef; xoGm;onftxd xdwfvefU acsmufcsm;oGm;Muawmhonf/ xdkUaMumifh xifjrifcsuf trsdK;rsdK;oabmxm;trsdK;rsdK; olwdkUtm;vHk; csLxif;\ pum;rsm;udk em;rS rxGufEdkifatmif jzpfoGm;Muojzifh csLxif;\ edrdwfjypum;rS vGwfuif;rnfh NydKifyJG pnf;urf;wpf&uf csrSwfEdkif&ef BudK;pm;aeMuawmhonf/ tcsdKUu odkif;ynmNydKif&mwGif aoG;xGufoH,dkrSK r&Sdap&[k wm;jrpf&ef wifjyonf/ tcsdKUurl wpfbufrS 'Pf&m&í aoqHk;oGm;ygu aoqHk;olbufrS jyefvnf rwHkUjyef&[k wifjyMuonf/ aemufqHk;wGif odkif;avmuü emrnfBuD;aeaom odkif;q&mBuD; q,fa,muf 'dkifvlBuD;rsm;tjzpf aqmif&GufapNyD; tqHk;tjzwfay;ap&ef tpDtpOf csvdkuf Muonf/ apmykwuf zrf;xm;aom &Sma0hudkvnf; 'dkifvlBuD;tjzpfa&G;cs,f wifajr§mufvdkuf ojzifh apmykwufu &Sma0hudk jyefvTwfay;&onf/ xdkuJhodkU jyóem waxG;axG; jzpfaepOf 0gar*dkPf;om; r,foDv&SifBuD;wpfyg; ½kwfw&uf xvmNyD; at;pufaom avoHjzifh ajymvdkufonf/ ]]bmjzpfvdkU 'dkifvlBuD;awG cefUae&wmvJ? b,f'dkifvlBuD;rS rvdkbl;? b,folUudkrS cefUraeeJU}} q,f,lonf &,farm&if;jyefar;vdkufonf/ ]]NydKifyJGwpfckrSm 'dkifvlBuD; r&SdvdkUjzpfrvm; q&mav;&JU 'dkifvlBuD;&SdrS w&m;rQwrSK &SdawmhrSmaygh? q&mav; bmjzpfvdkU 'dkifvlBuD; rvdkbl;vdkU ajym&wmvJ}} r,foDv&SifBuD;u tusnf;wef t½kyfqdk;pGmjzifh rJh&GUJ&if;ajymvdkufonf/ 888
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889
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; &Sma0hu ... ]]cifAsm; pum;ajymwm Munfhajymyg? 'Davmuf armufarmufrmrm rajymygeJU? 0gar *dkPf;udk odkif;q&mrBuD; aumhvef;u pwnfaxmifcJhwmyg? ajzmifhrwfrSefuefwJh *dkPf;BuD; wpf*dkPf; tjzpf tpOfwpdkuf &yfwnfcJhw,f? tckvdk aoG;qmaewJh vlowform;*dkPf; r[kwfcJhygbl;}} xdkr,foDv&SifBuD;onf a'gojzifh atmfvdkufonf/ ]]&Sifh yg;pyf ydwfxm;prf; &SifhvufxJu t&uform;udk Munfhprf;? pum;rsm;vGef;vdkU ckvdk jzpfoGm;&wm? em;vnfvm;? &SifaumolUvdk jzpfcsifvdkUvm;}} &Sma0honf aMumuf&GHUjcif; vHk;0r&Sdacs/ a&SUodkUoHk;vSrf; rQyif wdk;wufoGm;NyD; ... ]]cifAsm;u vQdKU0SufvufeufeUJ usKyfudk Ncdrf;acsmufwmayghav cifAsm;rSwfxm;? cifAsm;wdkU *dkPf;[m 'Dtwdkif;om qufoGm; odkif;avmurSm wpfoufvHk; acgif;axmifEdkifrSm r[kwfbl;? vlowform;*dkPf;]} usifysm;onf csLusL;tm; wpfcsufrQ vSrf;Munhfvdkufonf/ csLusL;u acgif;wpfcsuf ndwfjyvdkufonf/ usifysm;\ trlt&monf wpfpHkwpf&m jyKvkyf&ef tcGifhawmif;onfh yHkpHjzpfNyD; csLusL;\ trlt&mu vkyfcGifhjyKonfh yHkpHrsdK; jzpfaeayonf/ xdktcg usifysm;onf ykwD;ESpfvHk;udk &Sma0hxHodkU ypfxnfhvdkufjyef\/ ESpfvHk;pvHk; &Sma0h\ &ifbwfESifh 0rf;Adkufudk xdrSefoGm;onf/ vQdKU0Sufvufeuf ESpfvHk;onf ]0kef;} ceJ ]0kef;}ceJ aygufuGJoGm;ojzifh &Sma0honf xdkvufeufrsm;\'Pfjzifh aoqHk;oGm;awmhonf/ ud, k cf E¨m BuD;rm;BuHUcdik jf cif;? tvGe&f &J ifjh cif;aMumifh &Sma0honf rwfwyf&yfvsuf aoqH;k oGm;&jcif; jzpfonf/ twefMumrS ajrjyifodkU NydKvJusoGm;awmhonf/ þrQ &uf&ufpufpuf owfjzwfaeaomaMumifh odkif;avmurS vlrsm;onf 0gar*dkPf;tm; qJqdk ½SKwfcsMu awmhonf/ [lusif;onfvnf; csLusL;\ pdwf"mwfþrQavmuf &ufpufrmausmoGm;onfudk awGUvdkuf&aomtcg tvGefpdwfxdcdkufoGm;awmhonf/ xdkodkU ½kwf½kwfoJoJ jzpfaepOf csLusL;onf avoHwdk;wdk;jzifh wpfpHkwpfck ajymvdkufonf/ qdkUcsif;pll;onf tjyifxGufvmNyD; pum;pwifajymonf/ ]]'DaeU 'Dae&mudk a&mufvmMuwJh vlawG[m owÅdt&mrSm NydKifpH&Sm;wJh vlawGyg? ao&rSm raMumufwJh vlawGyg? cifAsm;wdkU wpfawG[m 'Dudk oufoufr,fh a&mufvmMuwm r[kwfbl;? e*g;Edkif"m;udk ,lzdkUvmMuwm? 'D"m;&atmif vk&wJh NydKifyJGrSm odkif;ynmnHhwJh vluawmh aorSmyJ}} &Dvifwef;ESifh csifvd&Sef wdkUonf ½kwfw&uftm;jzifh qdkUcsif;pl;tm; rSwfrdMuonf r[kwfay? qdkUcsif;pl;u ½kyfzsufxm;jcif; jzpfojzifh rSwfrdEdkif&efvnf; rvG,f/ odkUaomf toHudkawmh rSwfrdvdkufMuonf/ ½kyfESifh toHudk ½kwfw&uf cJGír&ojzifh qdkUcsif;pl; [kwfr[kwf taotcsmawmh rajym&JMuacs/ qdkUcsif;pl;u ol\pum;udk &yfvdkufaomtcg &Dvifwef;onf ajruGufvyfodkU avQmufxGufvmawmhonf/ ]]cifAsm;&JU emrnfudk rod&bl;vm;}} qdkUcsif;pl;onf ol\ *dkPf;wl OD;av;ESpfa,mufudk xdktcsdefusrS owdjyKvdkuf awmhonf/ OD;av;rsm;tm; i,faMumufjzpfojzifh ½kwfw&uf wkefvSKyfacsmufcsm;oGm; awmhonf/ xdkUtjyifrdrd usL;vGefxm;onfh jypfrSKBuD; uvnf; &Sdao;onf r[kwfygvm;? xdkUaMumifh csufcsif;yif aemufodkU wGefUqkyfoGm;um ... ]]usKyf ... usKyf ... emrnf aMumufwJh vlwpfa,muf r[kwfygbl; usKyfemrnfudk odxm;vdkU tydkygyJ}} xdktcg &Dvifwef;onf ydkí ouFmruif; jzpfvmNyD; qufar;jref;awmhonf/ ]]b,fvjkd zpfwmvJ? cifAsm;[m a,musfm;r[kwb f ;l vm;? a,mufsm;wpfa,mufv;kH vkyNf yD; ud, k efh mrnfawmif xkwfrajym&Jbl;vm;? tawmfaoG;aMumifwJhvlyJ}} xdktajctaewGif csLusL; ½kwfw&uf 0ifa&mufvmawmhonf/ ]]&Dvifwef; &Sifodatmif uRefrajymvdkufr,f? 'Dvlu uRefr&JU a,musfm;? olUemrnfu qdkUcsif;pl; t&ifwkef; uawmh ol[m [lwef;*dkPf;uyJ tckawmh 0gar*dkPf;u jzpf oGm;NyD? uJ ... &Sif;yvm;? &Sif bmajymp&m&SdovJ? &Sd&if uRefrudk ajymyg uRefru 0gar *dkPf;&JU *dkPf;csKyfyJ}} 890
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdktcg qdkUcsif;pl;onf rnfodkUrQ zHk;zd&ef rjzpfEdkifawmhojzifh ol\ rsufESmrS ½kyfzsufxm;orQwdkUudk yGwfoyfy,fzsufvdkufonf/ xdktcg qdkUcsif;pl;\ yDoaom ½kyf&nf ay:vmawmhonf/ &Dvifwef;onf qdkUcsif;pl;u armfukqef;udk owfcJhonfudk tNrJwrf; owd&aeol jzpfonf/ tvGefa'go xGufaeol jzpfonf/ odkUaomf ol\rsufESmwGif a'got&dyf ta&mif vHk;0 ray:ay/ ausmuf½kyfBuD;wpf½kyf\ rsufESmtvm; cHpm;rSK uif;rJhaeaom rsufESmBuD;jzifh qdkUcsif;pl;udkom pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf Munfhaevdkufonf/ qdkUcsif;pl;rSmrl vdyfjymvGifhxGufrwuf aMumuf&GHUvsuf &SdaeavNyD/ csLusL;u &Dvifwef;tm; qufajym vdkufonf/ ]]&Siw f Ukd [lwef;*dP k ;f u 'Dupd eö UJ ywfoufNyD; rauseyfvUkd pm&if;&Si;f csifw,f qd&k ifvJ uRefrwdUk 0gar*dP k ;f udk vmrxdwm taumif;qHk;ygyJ? vmxd&ifawmh uRefrwdkUu b,folUudkrS ñSmrSm r[kwfbl;? tJ'Dtcgus&if &Sif aemifw&oGm;vdrfhr,f}} csLusL;\ &J&Jawmuf pum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg y&dwfowftm;vHk; xdwfvefUoGm;Muawmhonf/ [lwef;*dkPf;onf ES,fES,f&& *dkPf;r[kwf/ odkif;avmu wpfckvHk;u av;pm;ta&;xm;&onfh *dkPf;BuD; jzpfayonf/ ,ckrl csLusL;onf [lwef;*dkPf;tm; twdtvif; Ncdrf;acsmufvsuf &SdaeacsNyD/ xdktcdkuf csifvd&Sefonf aMuuJGaom toHjzifh ar;vdkufonf/ ]]qdkUcsif;pl; ... rif; ... rif; ... bmjzpfvdkU rif;&JU OD;av; armfukqef;udk owfvdkuf &wmvJ[if}} csifv&d eS o f nf pdwx f m;tEl;nYH taysmhaysmif;qH;k aomoljzpf&m 0rf;enf;vmonfEiS hf wpfNydKifeuf rsuf&nfrsm; usvmawmhonf/ [lwef; ckepfazmfwGif csifvd&Sefonf pdwf "mwftaysmhqHk;olyifwnf;/ &Dvifwef;onf csifvd&Sefudk qJGac:vdkufonf/ NyD;rS y&dowftm;vHk;bufodkU vSnfh íajymvdkuf\/ ]]q&mh q&mBuD;tm;vHk;udk usKyftaeeJU &Sif;jyp&m wpfck&Sdaeygw,f? usKyfwdkU [lwef;*dkPf;[m uHraumif;taMumif;rvSwJhtwGuf qdk;,kwfnpfnrf;wJh opömazmuf onfh wpfa,mufudk arG;rdvsufom; jzpfcJh&ygw,f? usKyfwdkU&JU *dkPf;wlnDav; armfukqef;udk owfcJhwJh vl[m b,folvJ odMuvm;? a[m'D opömazmuf qdkUcsif;pl;u owf ...}} xdkpOf &TDceJ &TDceJ avxkudk wdk;0ifjzwfoef;vmaom aygufuJGapwwfonfh vQKdU0Sufvufeuf ESpfvHk;onf &Dvifwef;&Sd&modkU tajy;tvTm; 0ifa&mufvmawmh\/ [lusif;url tvefUwMum;jzifh atmf[pfckefxGuf&ef [efjyifvdkufrdawmhonf/ þvufeufrsm;\ aMumufrufzG,f pGrf;tifudk t&ufbk&if quf,lESifh odkif;q&mBuD; &Sma0hwdkUu oufaojyoGm;cJhNyD r[kwfygvm;/ rdrd\OD;av; &Dvifwef;udkrl þtjzpfrsdK;odkU ta&mufrcHEdkifacs/ csLusL;taejzifh þodUk jyKrlvrd rhf nf[k [lusi;f vH;k 0 rxifrcd ahJ y/ ,ckrl 0gar*dP k ;f onf odik ;f avmuom;rsm; vdu k ef m&rnfh pnf;urf;udk vH;k 0 apmifph nf;xde;f odr;f jcif;r&Sd awmhaMumif; rsufjrifoufaoud, k w f ikd f awGU&SMd u&ayNyD/ þuJhodkU acsmif;ajrmif;ypfcwfjcif;um; odkif;avmu\ pnf;urf;ESifh rnDrQ½HkrQru tqifhtwef;vnf; edrfhusvSay onf/ ½kwfw&uf typfcHvdkuf&aomaMumifh &Dvifwef;onfvnf; ab;odkU tvsiftjref a&Smifwdrf;vdkuf&onf/ aygufuJGapwwfaom vufeufuav;rsm;onf olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;bufodkU usa&mufoGm;\/ xd k p Of &D v if w ef ; onf [l w ef ; *d k P f ; \ euf e J o d r f a rG U vS a om od k i f ; ynmud k trS w f rxif xkwfvSpfjyovdkufawmhonf/ olonf ab;odkUusoGm;aom vufeufuav;ESpfvHk;udkavxJrSmyif t&Sdefjzifh qJG,lvdkufNyD; vuf0g;udk jzefUxm;um vuf0g;ay:üyif ywfcsmvnfaeapvdkufonf/ xdktcg xdkvufeufuav;ESpfvHk;onf vHk;0 aygufuJGjcif;r&SdawmhbJ &Dvifwef;\ vufay:ü tHhMopzG,f vnfywfaeonfudk tm;vHk;u awGUvdkufMu&onf/ odkif;orm;tm;vHk;url rnfonfhtcsdefyif aygufuGJayrnfenf;[lí wxdwfxdwf wvefUvefU &ifwrrjzifh apmifharQmf Munfh½SKaerdawmh\/ odkUaomf vHk;0aygufuJGjcif; r&SdcJh/
891
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; þodkif;ynmum; [lwef;*dkPf;\ odkif;q&mBuD;usef;qef;zkef;\ aemufqHk;wDxGifxm;onfh xdkufusd vufo;D okid ;f yifjzpfawmh\/ þodik ;f ynm\ twGi;f oabmonf ]El;nHo h rd af rGUjcif;} yif jzpf\/ jyif;xefrmausmjcif; vHk;0r&SdyJ &efoludk puf0dkif;rsm;uJhodkU vnfywfvsuf tqufrjywf wdkufcdkufEdkifonfh pGrf;tm;&Sdayonf/ &Dvifwef;onf xdkufusdvufoD;odkif; tm;udk toHk;jyKí aygufuJGapwwfaom vufeufuav;rsm;udk rdrdvuf0g;jyifay:ü vnfywfaeapjcif;jzifh aumif;pGmxdef;odrf; vdkufjcif; jzpfonf/ xdktcsdefwGif 0gar*dkPf;onf aemufxyf vufeufESpfvHk;jzifh xyfrH ypfcwfvdkuf jyefownf;/
892
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xdktcsdefwGif 0gqef;*dkPf;rS *dkPf;om;wpfa,mufu xíatmf[pfvdkufonf/ ]]0gar*dkPf;u 'DvdkvufeufrsdK;eJU wpfbufowf tEdkifusifhNyD; ypfcwfwdkufcdkuf aewmaumif;ovm;}} xdktcg 0gar*dkPf;rS usifysm; r,foDv&SifBuD;u jyefvnf tajzay;vdkufonf/ ]]'DuaeU NydKifyJG[m t½SHK;tEdkif NydKifyJGyJ EdkifwJhvlu &SufpGef;udk&r,f? ½SHK;wJhvlu aor,f? &Sif;&Sif;uav;yJ 'Dawmh b,fvdkNydKifNydKif 'DvdkyJGrsdK;rSm touf&Sif&if&Sif r&Sif&if aorSmyJ}} [lusif;\ pdwfxJwGif ... ]]csLusL;taeeJu qdkUcsif;pl;udk vufxyfvdkufwm[m pdwfoabm&if;aMumifhawmh r[kwfEdkifbl;? [dkaeUu igu vla&SUola&SU t&Suw f uJG tusdK;enf;jzpfatmif vkyx f m; vdu k v f Ukd pdwef mNyD; vkyrf v d yk &f mawG avQmufvyk af ewm jzpfvdrfhr,f? 'Dtjzpftm;vHk;&JU w&m;cH[m igyJ? ighaMumifh jzpf&wm}} [lusif;onf xdkodkU pOf;pm;vdkufrdaomtcg vGefpGmpdwfraumif;jzpfoGm;awmh\/ olonf aemufrS avQmufxGufvmNyD; 0gar*dkPf;a&SUwGif &yfvdkufícsLusL;tm; vSrf;í ajymvdkufonf/ ]]csLusL; jzpfysufcJhorQ tjypfawGtm;vHk;&JU w&m;cHuawmh igyg? 'DtjypfawG twGuf b,fenf;eJUrqdk awmif;yefzdkU igutqifoifhygyJ? qdkUcsif;pl;taeeJUuawmh OD;av;armfukqef;udk owfcJhwJh udpöeJU ywfoufNyD; &Sif;vif;jy&rSmyJ? 'guawmh b,fvdkrS a&SmifvJTvdkU r&wJh wm0efBuD;wpf&yfygyJ? 'Dwm0efBuD;[m BuD;us,fwmawmh rSefygw,f? 'gayr,fh OD;av;&Dvifwef;eUJ OD;av; csifvd&SefwdkUeJUtwl [lwef;awmifudk vdkufoGm;NyD; 0efcsawmif;yef vdkuf&if q&mBuD;wdkUu cGifhvTwfMurSmyg}} csLusL;onf ceJUNyHK;NyHK;í [lusif;tm; jyefajymvdkufonf/ ]]usef;[lusif; &Sif[m w,f,kwfrm aumufuspfwJh vlygvm;? &Sif,kwfrmwwf rSef;awmh odw,f? 'gayr,fh 'Dtxdawmif ,kwrf mvdrrhf ,fvUkd awmh rxifrcd b hJ ;l ? &Siu f qdUk csif;pl;udk aoaMumif;BuHaewm r[kwv f m;? 'gaMumifrh Ukd [lwef;*dkPf;udk jyefoGm;cdkif;aewmaygh? &Sif[m i,fi,fuav;eJU &SifhtazeJU tar&JU aumufuspf,kwfrmwJh enf;rSef orQ tukefwwfuRrf;aeNyDudk;}} [lusif;rsufESmonf &JceJ jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ wpfudk,fvHk; tom;rsm; wqwf qwf wkefvmawmhonf/ csLusL;u rdrdtm; rnfrQ apmfum; apmfum; onf;cHEdkifayonf/ ,ckrl csLusL;onf rdrdtm; apmfum;½HkrQ ruawmh/ rdrd\ rdbESpfyg;udkyif apmfum;vsuf &SdaeayNyD/ [lusif;onf ol\a'goudk rxdef;Edkifavmufatmif jzpfvmawmhonf/ odkUaomf [lusif;onf ol\a'goudk csufcsif;yif jyefvnf xdef;odrf;vdkuf\/ oufjyif; wpfcsufcsvdkufNyD; pdwfxJwGif ajymaerdonf/ ]]'Dvkd jzpf&wmawG[m igh&UJ tjypfawGaMumifh igonf;cH&r,f? ig onf;cH&r,f? ightjypfawGukd auscsifw,f qdk&if acgif;iHkUNyD; onf;cHrS jzpfvdrfhr,f}} [lusif;onf vHk;0 onf;cHvdkufNyD; tHudkwif;wif;Budwfum aemufodkU jyefvSnfh vmawmhonf/ xdktcg 0gar*dkPf;rS *dkPf;om;tcsdKUu avSmifajymif oa&mfMuawmhonf/ ]]vufpowfawmh tvif;rmef *dkPf;csKyfBuD; qdkwm tifrwef ol&JabmaMumifwJh oludk; ?bmtpGrf;&SdovJ? igwdkU*dkPf;csKyfBuD;u pum;wpfcGef; ajymvdkufwmeJU aemufvSnfh ajy;awmhwmyJ? igwdkU&JU vufeufawG&JU tpGrf;udk odxm;vdkU aMumufNyD; acG;ajy;ajy;wmvJ jzpfcsifjzpfr,f}} [lusif;url olUtm; atmf[pfavSmifajymifoHrsm;udk vHk;0*½krpdkufbJ yef;ESifhaygufonfhtvm; oabmxm;um olUae&modkUom jyefavQmufvmawmhonf/ xdkpOf &efa&mifonf uGufvyfajrjyifodkU ½kwfw&uf ckefxGufvdkufNyD; yrmrcefUNyHK;&,f&if; ajymvdkuf\/ ]]'Dvdk aygufuJGapwwfwJh vufeufuav;awGudk rsm; pum;xJ xnfhajymae&ao;w,f? [lwef;*dkPf;u q&mBuD; ESpfa,mufudkawmif bmrS rwwfEdkifcJhao;wJhOpöm ? 'geJUawmif 'Dvufeufuav;awGtwGuf rmefwuf aeMuao;ovm; [if; ... [if; ... [if; ... rif;wdkUu 'Dvufeufuav;awGeJU tEdkif,lEdkifr,fvdkU xifaeovm;? tJ'Dvdk xifae&ifawmh rif;wdkU txifrSm;aeNyDqdkwmudk igvufawGUjyvdkufyg&ap? igwdkU tvif;rmef*dkPf;&JU tpGef;udkvJ MunfhvdkufygOD;}} &efa&mifonf ol\ vufwpfbufudk ajr§mufí a0SU,rf;vdkufaomtcg *dkPf;om;wpfa,mufonf tvH ig;acsmif;udk udkifqJGNyD; tjyifodkU xGufvmawmhonf/ &efa&mifonf xdk*dkPf;om;\vufxJ&Sd tvHig;acsmif; teuf 894
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; twefMumaomtcgrS qdkYcsif;pl; xGufvmonf/ olu ... ]]usKyf tem;,lNyD;ygNy?D usKyfeJY ,SOfjyKdifwkdufcdkufr,fh ol&Sd&if tck xGufcJhyg tqifhoifhygyJ}} clwdkonf csufcsif;yif atmfvdkufonf/ ]]0gar*dkPf;&JU okdif;ynmudk usKyf prf;oyfMunhfcsifygw,f}} olonf ckefxGuf&ef [efjyifvkdufpOfrSmyif tjcm;vlwpfa,muf ½kwfw&uf ckefxGufoGm;onfudk awGUvkduf &ojzifh udk,f&Sdefowfvkduf &awmhonf/ ckefxGufoGm;aom vlonf uGufvyfwGif &yfae&mrS clwkd tm; t½dktao wpfcsufay;vdkufNyD; ... ]]q&mMuD; clwdk? 'DwpfyGJrSm usKyfudk OD;pm;ay;ygvkdY awmif;yef ygw,f}} xkdolonf tvGef wnfMunfvSonf/ tjcm;ol r[kwfacs/ [lwef;*dkPf;rS &Dvifwef; omwnf;/ [lwef;*dP k ;f om; tm;vH;k onf eHygwfwpf wpfynfMh uD; jzpfaom csK½d iT af csmif;udk þrQavmuf raMumufMuay/ eHygwfESpf wynhfjzpfaom &Dvifwef;udk tvGef aMumufMuonf/ &Dvifwef;rSm tvGef pnf;urf;MuD;NyD; wnfMunf ckdifrmaom pdwfxm;&Sdol jzpfonf/ qkdYcsif;pl;rSmvnf; i,fpOfumvuyif OD;av;eHygwfESpf &Dvifwef; t½kd;uGJatmif aMumufvefYvmol jzpf&m &Dvifwef;udk,fwdkif ckefxGuf vmonfudk awGUvkduf&aomtcg tvGef wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;oGm;awmhonf/ xkdtcg &Dvifwef;u ... ]]qdkYcsif;pl; tqifoifh jyifxm;yg}} ol\ avoHonf qdkYcsif;pl;tm; ,cifu vHk;0 od&Sdxm;ol r[kwfouJhodkY jzpfaeonf/ vHk;0 olpdrf;qefvSayonf/ &Dvifwef;onf owdynmESihf jynfhpHkoljzpf&m qdkYcsif;pl;\ aMumufrufzG,f&m vufacsmif;odkif;udk awGU&Sdxm;&uwnf;u vHk;0 txifao;xm;jcif; r&Sday/ qkdYcsif;pl;onf a&SmifvGJ&ef rjzpfEkdifawmhojzifh aemufokdY qkwfum odkif;uGuf eif;xm;vkdufonf/ &Dvifwef;onf jyif;xefvSaom vuf0g;apmif;jzifh ]0kef;}ceJ ½dkuf csvkdufonf/ ol\ ½kdufcsufonf tvGef vsifjrefvSonf/ qdkYcsif;pl; rSm tvl;tvSdrfh cHae&awmhonf/ wpfcsdefvHk; vkdvkd tjyif;txef ckcH umuG,f ae&ojzifh csLusL;oifay;xm;onfh vufacsmif;okdif;ynmudk xkwfoHk;csdefr&bJ jzpfaeonf/ aemufodkYom wpfqkwfwnf; qkwfae &awmhonf/ odkif;orm; tm;vHk;onf þrQ jrefqefaom odkif;uGufrsm;udk rawGUzl;Muojzifh ... ]][lwef; ckESpfazmf&JU odkif;ynmu wu,fyJ csD;usL;p&m aumif;wmudk;? odkif;uGufrsm;udk wpfqufwnf; xkwNf yD; 'Davmufjrefjref wku d cf u kd Ef idk w f ,fqw dk m vG,w f hJ ynm r[kwb f ;l ? aemufNyD; wpfuu G f rSvnf; rxyfao;bl;}} [k ajymqkda0zef aeMuonf/ csefvd&Sefrl &Dvifwef;twGuf pdwfylyefaeojzifh "m;½kd;udk tqifoifh qkyfudkifxm;rdonf/ xkdpOf qdkYcsif;pl;uvnf; jyefvnf wkdufckdufvmawmhonf/ &Dvifwef;onf wu,fyif txufp;D rS wdu k cf u kd Ef idk pf rG ;f &Sad eonf/ olom tjywftowf wdu k cf u kd o f mG ;rnf qkdygu qkdYcsif;pl; rnfodkYrQ rwdkufcdkufEdkifawmhbJ t½IH;ay;oGm;&rnfom jzpfonf/ &Dvifwef;taejzifh qkdYcsif;pl;\ ½kwfw&uf wkdufckdufwufaom vufacsmif;odkif;uGufrsm;u owdxm; aeíom qkdYcsif;pl; taejzifh þodkY jyefvnf wkdufcdkufvmEkdifjcif; jzpfonf/ [lusif;onfvnf; csefvd&SefuJhodkYyif pdwfylae&ol jzpfonf/ ol\ vufxJwGif ausmufrD;wkdifESpfck tqifoifh udkifxm;vsuf &Sdaeonf/ wu,fí &Dvifwef;om tEÅ&m,f wpfckck MuHKawGU&vQif ol0ifa&muf u,fwif&ef pdwfykdif;jzwfxm;onf/ xkdpOf qkdYcsif;pl;\ vufig;acsmif;onf auG;aumufí &Dvifwef;\ ycHk;udk xkd;pdkufvkdufonf/ trSefpifppf wkdufaeMuonfhtcsdef wpfcsdefvHk;vkdvkdyif &Dvifwef;onf qkdYcsif;pl;\ þwkdufuGufudk apmifq h ikd ;f aejcif;om jzpfonf/ þ wku d u f u G u f kd owd0&D , d jzifh apmifq h idk ;f aecJ&h jcif;aMumifh odik ;f uGuf wpf&mausmfrQ wdkufcdkuf&jcif; jzpfonf/ &Dvifwef; taejzifh þtuGufudk rapmifhbJ taotaMuwkdufcdkufvmygu apmpD;pGm yGJodrf; Ekdifayonf/ 901
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; qdkYcsif;pl;onf þwpfuGufwnf;ESifh olawmif;pm;*dkPf;\ xdyfoD;odkif;ynm&SifESpfa,mufudk taoowf EkdifcJhjcif; jzpfonf/ xkdpOf uwnf;u qkdYcsif;pl;tuGufudk &Dvifwef;taejzifh rdrd&& rSwfom;xm;cJhjcif; jzpfonf/ tu,fí usef;yefe*g;acgif;ESifh pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;rSL;wdkY þtuGufaMumifh aoqHk;&yHkudk olYtaejzifh rMunhfjrif cJh&vQifvnf; olonfvnf; þwpfuGufjzifh tMuD; tus,f ‘'Pf&m&vmvQifvnf; &&SdcJh&ayrnf/ ,ckrl þtuGufudk acszsufEkdifrnfh enf;vrf;udk MudKwifpOf;pm;csdef &cJhayNyD/ qdkYcsif;pl; taejzifhvnf; þvufacsmif; odkif;ynmudk avhusifhcsdef rsm;pGm&&Sdao;[ef rwlacs/ ta&;ay: xkwfoHk;ae&[ef wlonf/ xkdYaMumifh olYwkdufuGufukd yHkpH trsKd;rsKd; y&d,m,f toG,foG,fjzifh wkdufcdkufjcif;r&SdbJ wpfyHkpHwnf;jzifhom wkdufckdufae&jcif; jzpfayonf/ xkdtcg &Dvifwef;onf qdkYcsif;pl;\ vufacsmif;rsm; vGwf½Hkuav; ab;odkY wpfcsuf wdrf;ay;vkdufonf/ ol\ vufESpfbufudkrl avxJwGif a0SU,rf; vSnfhywfvkdufawmhonf/ xkdtuGufudk jrifvkduf &aomtcg ausmufrdefESifh clwkdwkdY ESpfa,mufonf ][,f}ceJ jzpfoGm; Muavonf/ ausmufrdefESifh clwkdwkdY ESpfa,mufonf þodkif;uGufudk awGUvkduf&onfESifh qkdYcsif;pl; tMuD;tus,f 'ku©awGUawmhrnfudk &dyfrdvkdufMu onf/ odkYaomf qkdYcsif;pl;onf ol\ vuf0Jbuf vufudk vHk;0 r½kyfodrf;½HkrQru vuf,mbufvufjzifh &Dvifwef;\ vnfrsKdukd ukyfqGJ vkdufawmhonf/ [lusif;onf þwkdufuGufudk jrifaomtcg rcHr&yf Ekdifavmuf atmif a'goxGufvmrdawmhonf/ ]]'Daumif[m wu,fhudk i&JjynfydkYoifhwJh aumifygvm;? udk,fh&JU *dkPf;wlOD;av;udk 'Dvkd wkdufuGufrsKd; oHk;&Javmufatmif rdkufrJwJh wd&pämefyguvm;}} odkYaomf &Dvifwef;url ol\ vnfrsKdokdY qGJukyfvmaom qkdYcsif;pl;\ vufudk rnfodkYrQ *½krpkdufbJ ol\ vufESpfbufudkom vSnf;bD;rsm;uJhodkY wpf&pfNyD;wpf&pf ywfvkdufawmhonf/ qkdYcsif;pl;\ vufrsm;onf &Dvifwef;\ vnfrsKdokdY ra&muf&SdawmhbJ &Dvifwef;\ puf0kdif;yrm vnfywfaeaom vufrsm;Mum;odkY a&muf&SdoGm;um vufESpfbufpvHk;rS tqpfESpfqpfpD ]uGwf} ceJ}*Rwf} ceJ usKd;oGm;&awmhonf/ &Dvifwef;u tm;&yg;& atmf[pf&,fvkdufonf/ ]]'DaeYrSm armfukqef;twGuf vufpm;acs&r,f}} ol\ vufEpS b f ufukd pkí qdYk csif;pl;\ em;xifEpS b f ufukd ½du k cf svdu k o f nf/ qkYd csif;pl;rSm csufcsif; OD;acgif;cGH tufuGJoGm;&awmhonf/ qdkYcsif;pl;\ cE¨mudk,f ajrMuD;ay:odkY vJruscif &Dvifwef;u ajcaxmufjzifh uef&ef jyifvkdufonf/ xkdpOf vl&dyfwpfck &dyfceJ ckefxGufvmum usmyGwf&Snfwpfacsmif; jzifh vTJ½kdufvmonf/usmyGwf½dkufcsuf tvGef jyif;xefvSaMumif; odvkdufojzifh &Dvifwef;onf aemufokdY ckefqkwfvdkuf&onf/ &Dvifwef; aemufqkwfonfh ae&modkYwkdif usmyGwf½kdufcsufrsm; r&yfrem; qufwdkuf a&muf&Sdvmjyefonf/ usmyGwf&Sifum; rnfolayenf;/ usmyGwf&Sifonf csLusL;jzpfacsonf wum;/ &Dvifwef;onf vH;k 0 rckcEH idk o f jzifh aemufbufoYkd om twif; ckex f u G f a&Smifwrd ;f &awmhonf/ csLusL;onf olr\ usmyGwfudk acwÅ ½kyfodrf;vdkufNyD; at;pufpGm ajymvkdufonf/ ]]cktcsdefrSm &Sifhtoufudk owf&if &Sifu auseyfrSm r[kwfbl;? uRefruvJ vufeufrJhudk rowfcsifbl;? &Sif vufeufudk ,lvkdufyg? uRefreJY jydKifzdkY tqifoifh jyifayawmh ...}} csifvd&Sefonf ol\ "m;udk qGJxkwfvkdufonf/ ]]aumifNyD; ...usKyf cifAsm;eJY jydKifr,f}} csLusL;onf csifvd&Sefudk at;pufaomtMunhfhjzifh Munhfvdkuf&if; qdkYcsif;pl;udkvnf; vSnfhí tuJcwf vdkufonf/
902
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; usef;[lusif;u ... ]]usKyfvmwJh udpu ö wjcm;udpö r[kwfygbl;? usKyfuaq;ynm wufuRrf;wJh vlwpfa,mufyg? qkdYcsif;pl;udk aq;ukay;rvkYd vmwmyg? wjcm; bmudpötwGufrS r[kwfygbl;? 'DtaMumif; oGm;ajymay;ygOD;}} rd e f ; uav;onf [l u sif ; \ pum;aMumif h tH h M ooG m ;rd o nf / od k Y aomf rnf o nf h pum;ud k r Q jyefajymraeawmhbJ twGif;odkY wpfacguf jyef0ifoGm;jyefonf/ twefMumrS olr jyefxGufvmonf/ olru ... ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; twGif;udk MuGygvkdY zdwfac:vkdufygw,f}} [lusif;onf twGif;bufokdY 0ifvmonfudk od&Sdaomfvnf; vHk;0 vSnfhrMunhfacs/ [l u sif ; ac:aqmif v mcJ h o nh f rd e f ; uav;onf csLusL;ud k tcsuf a y;vk d u f N yD ; tcef ; wG i f ; rS jyefxGufoGm;awmhonf/ wpfukd,fwnf; aqG;ajrU aMuuGJaeonfh csLusL;\ trlt&mrsm; udk awGUvkduf&aomtcg [lusif;\ &ifxJwGif oem;pdwf 0ifvmawmhonf/ csLusL;onf olYtay: &uf&uffpufpuf jyKrlxm;aomfvnf; csLusL;tay: vHk;0 pdwfremay/ [lusif;onf avoHwkd;wkd;jzifh ajym vdkufonf/ ]]qdkYcsif;pl;&JU 'Pf&m tajctae b,fvkdaeovJ? ukvkdY &Edkif&if ig ukay;csifygw,f? ig tck MunhfvkdY&rvm;}} csLusL;url vHk;0 vSnfhrMunhfbJ at;pufaom avoHjzifh ajym vkdufonf/ ]]olY&JU acgif;cGH wpfckvHk;u aMuaeNyD; 'Pf&mu odyfMuD;us,fw,f? 'Dwpfnawmif touf&SifrS &SifEkdifyghrvm; rodbl;? &Sifu bmjzpfvkdY 'Davmufawmif u,fcsifae&wmvJ}} [lusi;f onf csLusL;\ pum;aMumifh rnfonhf pum;udk ajym&rSe;f yif rodEidk af wmhacs/ odYk aomf taumif;qH;k jzpfrnfhpum;udk a½G;cs,fajymvkdufonf/ ]]igu rif;tay:rSm tifrwef MuD;av;wJh trSm;MuD; wpfck usL;vGefcJhbl;w,f r[kwfvm;? 'DtrSm; jyefausomG ;atmif ig taMuG; qyf&r,f? aemufNyD; 'DaeY jydKifrhJ jydKifyrJG mS vJ rif; n§mvku d v f Ydk ig toufcsr;f om&m&cJw h m r[kwfvm;? 'DtwGufvnf; taMuG;jyefqyf&rSmyJ? 'gaMumifh ig wwfEkdifwJh aq;ynmeJY qdkYcsif;pl;&JU 'Pf&mudk uko ay;zkdY vmcJhwmyJ}} ]][ift h if; ...&Siaf jymwm rSm;aeNyD? &Siu f uRerf udk t&ifnm§ vku d f wmyg? 'Djyifval wG rodayr,fh uRerf uawmh aumif;aumif; odw,f? uJ ...'gawG xm;vkdufygawmh? &Sifu qkdYcsif;pl;udk u,fEkdif&if uRefru &Sifhukd bmaus;Zl;qyf&rSmvJ}} [lusif;u ar;aMumMuD;rsm; axmifaeatmif tHhwpfcsuf Mudwf vkdufonf/ olY pum;rsm;udk wpfvHk;csif; ajymvkdufawmhonf/ ]]ig tazMuD;&JU toufudk &atmif u,fay;yg}} csLusL;onf rnfonfph um;udrk Q jyefrajymawmh/ twGi;f buf tcef;odYk vufñKS ;d nTejf yvku d o f nf/ xkt d cef; twGif;ü vJavsmif; vsuf &SdaeaMumif; awGUvkduf&onf/ [lusif;onf ckwifapmif;wGif 0ifxidk í f qdYk csif;pl;tm; tuJcwf Munhv f u dk o f nf/ qdYk csif;pl;\ rsufv;kH rsm;rSm a&SUodYk jyL;xGuv f suf &Sad eNyD;? rsuEf mS wpfcv k ;kH onfvnf; wGeYf vrd rf ½hJ UJG vsuf &Sad eonf/ ½kww f &uf jrifawGUvku d &f vsif awGUjrif&oltzdkY vdyfjymvefYoGm;awmh ravmuf ½kyfysufqif;ysuf jzpfaeonf/ toufrl rsOf;rsOf;uav; ½SLvsuf &Sdaeonf/ [lusif;onf qkdYcsif;pl;\ vufaumuf0wfudk prf;oyfMunhfvkduf onf/ aoG;ckefEIef;rSm aES;vdkuf jrefvkduf jzpfaeonf/ qkdYcsif;pl;\ OD;acgif;udk aocsmpGm ppfaq; Munhfvkdufaomtcg acgif;cHGonf av;ae&m uGJtuf aMurGaeaMumif; ppfaq;awGU&Sd&onf/ tem&Sv d Qif aq;&S&d ayrnf/ temESiahf q; wnfatmifay;? aysmufa&;rcufyg [lí pum;twdik ;f qdYk csif;pl;\ 'Pf&mrsm;udk rnfonfh aq;jzifh uko&rnfudk pOf;pm;&ayrnf/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;onf ukvm;xkdif wpfvHk;wGif 0ifxkdifvsuf vdyfjymukef; orm;awmfMuD;xH ol oif,l wufajrmufcJhaom aq;ynm&yfrsm;udk jyefvSef pOf;pm;&awmhonf/ xkd aq;ynmrsm;xJrS toifah vsmfq;kH aom ukx;kH jzifh uko&ayrnf/ aemufq;kH rnfonhef nf;jzifh ukoEkdifrnfudk pOf;pm;rdojzifh xkdif&mrS xí tcef;tjyifokdY jyefxGufvmcJhonf/ 910
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]csLusL; ...qdkYcsif;pl;&JU toufudk u,fEkdif ru,fEkdif qkdwmawmh ig twdtus rajymEkdifbl;? 'gayr,fh ig prf;oyfNyD; ukocsifw,f? uk&rvm;}} ]]ukyg? &Sif rukvJ olu aovljzpfaeNyDyJ? &SifawmifrS ukvkdY r& awmhbl; qkd&ifawmh 'DavmuxJrSm olYudk ukEdkifr,fh vl wpfa,mufrS r&Sdawmhygbl;}} csLusL;\ avoHonf ½kwfw&uf xl;jcm;oGm;NyD; ... ]]ukygav ...&Sifu bk&m;rS r[kwfwm? toufu,fEkdifw,f qkd&ifyJ awmfawmf [kwfaeygNyD? uRefr odygw,f? &Sif twufEkdifqHk; MudK;pm; ukoay;aew,fqkdwm? 'grS &SifvJ pdwfajzmifhajzmifheJY rif;orD;&JU Muif,mawmf vkyfEkdifrSmaygh}} csLusL;\ pum;aMumifh [lusif; wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;oGm;awmhonf/ olYtaejzihf csLusL; ajymonfh pum;rsKd;aMumifh qkdYcsif;pl;udk ukoay;jcif; r[kwfay/ qkYd csif;pl;onf [lwef;*dP k ;f rS OD;av;MuD; csKd½iT af csmif;\ wpfO;D wnf;aomom; jzpfjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? ol\ *dkPf;wl tpfudk jzpfjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? þuJhodkY MudK;pm; ukoay;jcif;om jzpf avonf/ odYk aomf [lusi;f onf rnfonhf tjiif;tcHu k rkd Q rjyKvkyaf wmhbJ tcef;wGi;f okYd om jyef0ifvu dk Nf yD; qkYd csi;f pl;udk pwifukoavawmh\/ olu ausmufrdefxHrS &xm;aom r[l&m t½dk;qufaq;udk toHk;jyKí qkdYcsif;pl;\ uGaJ Muaeaom OD;acgif;cGrH sm;udk cufcpJ mG jzifh jyefqufay; vku d o f nf/ xkYd aemuf aq;rsm;vdr;f ay;vku d o f nf/ xkYd tjyif vkdtyfaom ae&mrsm;wGif taMumrsm;udk tyfpdkufí ukoay;vkdufawmhonf/
911
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(101) tusÐ0gESifh rdef;uav; [lusif;onf tNyD;owf aq;ukNyD;aomtcg qkdYcsif;pl;\ rsufESmudk tuJcwfvdkufonf/ ,ck qkdYcsif;pl;\ rsufEmS trlt&monf qk;d 0g;aom a0'emcHpm;rI &S[ d efrjybJ wnfjidraf eonfukd awGUvdu k &f ojzifh tvGef pdwcf srf;om oGm;rdonf/ þt&dyf vu©Pmonf qkdYcsif;pl;\ touf&SifEkdifrnfh t&dyfvu©Pmrsm;yifwnf;/ ,ck ukocsufonf omrefukocsufrsKd; r[kwfbJ tvGefcufcJ eufeJvSaom aq;ynm wufajrmufxm; olrSom þ'Pf&m tajctaersKd;udk ukoay;Ekdifonf/ yifyifyef;yef; MudK;pm;yrf;pm; uko&jcif;jzpf&m [lusif; tawmf tiftm; ukefcef;oGm;onf/ acwÅrQ tem;,lNyD;rS tcef;tjyifodkY xGufvmcJhonf/ csLusL;rSmrl e*dk rlvae&mrS vHk;0 ra½GUvsm;ao;acs/ [lusif;u .. ]]qdkYcsif;pl;&JU 'Pf&muawmh aysmufuif;zdkY tvm; tvm awmfawmf aumif;NyD;vkdY ig,lqw,f? rif;vJ pdwfat;EkdifygNyD}} csLusL;u ... ]]'gayr,fh &Sifodatmifawmh ajymjyxm;&OD;r,f? &Sifh tazMuD;&JU toufudk u,fEkdif ru,fEdkif qkdwmawmh twwf rajymEdkifao;bl;aemf}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ pum;udk ol\ pdwfwGif vufcHvkduf onf/ bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg; taMumif; rdrdxuf rnfolrQ ydkrodEkdifay/ xkdYaMumifh pdwfxJrS csLusL;tm; ajymvkdufrdonf/ ]]tif; ...eufjzef bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;udk wdkufcdkuf&ifawmh rif;yJ ½HI;edrfh&rSm taotcsmyJ}} 912
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkYaomf [lusif;onf csLusL;tm; wu,f ajymjzpfonfh pum;rSmrl ... ]]igh tazMuD;udk olwkdY xdef;odrf;xm;wJh ae&m&JU tajctaeudk rif;od&JUvm;}} ]][ifhtif; ...rodbl;? a&Smifvif*kdPf;u bmawGrsm; axmifacsmuf qifxm;vkdYvJ}} [lusif;onf awmifxdyf ajrtaetxm;? opfyif oHk;yif wnf&SdyHk? bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;\ odkif;ynm ponfh tcsuftm;vHk; jynhfpHkpGm &Sif;vif; jyvkdufonf/ csLusL;onf jidrfoufpGm em;axmifae&mrS cHpm;csufuif;rJhaom avoHjzifh jyefajymvkdufonf/ ]]&SifawmifrS 'D bkef;MuD;oHk;yg;udk rxkd;azgufEkdifwJhaemuf uRefru b,fvkdvkyf xkd;azmuf EkdifawmhrSmvJ? &SifyJ pOf;pm;MunhfygOD;? olwkdY&JU odkif;ynmudk uRefrvJ b,frDawmhrvJJ}} [lusif;onf csLusL;xHrS þpum;udk apmifharQmfaejcif;om jzpfonf/ xkdpum;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg tvGef pdwfvIyf&Sm;oGm;ojzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]][kwfw,f? rif;wpfa,mufwnf; qkd&ifvJ 'Dbkef;MuD; oHk;yg;udk rEdkifçEkdifbl;? igwpfa,mufwnf; qkd&ifvJ rEkdifçEkdifbl;? 'gayr,fh igwkdY ESpfa,muf nDnDnGwfnGwfeJY ylaygif; wkdufr,f qkd&ifawmh EdkifEkdif ygw,f? igu ]tzdk} twGif;tm;eJY wkdufr,f? rif;u ]tr} twGif;tm;eJY wdkufaygh? 'Dvkdqkd&if vGwfuGuf [muGuf r&SdawmhbJeJY olwkYdukd EdkifçEdkifr,f}} csLusL;onf ceJYjyHK; NyHK;&if; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]&SifeJY uRefru t&ifu aphpyfzl;wJh olawG? a[m ...tckawmh uRefr a,mufusm;u aeYaorvm;? naorvm; jzpfaeNyD? reufu &Sifhudk uRefr rowfvkdufvdkY &Sifhudk uRefru pdwfrukefao;bl;vdkY tm;vHk;u ajymaeMuw,f? 'Dwpfcg &SifeJY uRefr vufwGJNyD; wpfcg xyfwkdufjyef&if vlawGu bmajymMurvJ? uRefrudk avmfvDazmufjyef aewJh rdef;rvdkY ajymMuawmhrSmaygh}} ]]'gu olwkdY pdwftxifyJ? wkdY ESpfa,muf pdwfxJrSm ½kd;½kd;om;om; &Sdae&if NyD;wmyJ? olrsm;awG ajymaewm bmjzpfvdkY *½kpdkufae&rSmvJ}} csLusL;onf vTwfceJY ajymvdkufrdawmhonf/ ]]&Sifu ½dk;om;Ekdifayr,fh uRefru r½kd;om;EkdifvkdY aygh&Sihf}} [lusif;onf vHk;0 pum;rajymEdkifawmhay/ csLusL;onf olr\ ESvHk;om;twGif;ü vQKdU0SufzHk;uG,fxm;aom trSefw&m;\ wpfpGef;wpfpudk rarQmfvifh rxifrSwfonfh tcsdefwGif zGifhvSpf xkwfazmfjyvdkufjcif;yifwnf;/ odkYaomf csufcsif;yif csLusL;\ avoHonf ajymif;vJoGm;awmh onf/ wkef,ifvIdufvSJaom toHrsm; aysmufuG,foGm;NyD; wnfMunf ckdifrmaom avoHjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]usef;[lusif; ...&SifeJY uRefr tckvdk tcef;wpfcef;xJrSm ESpfa,mufwnf; pum;ajymaeMuwm tjrifrawmfygbl;? ydkqkd;wmu nMuD; rif;MuD; jzpfaewmyJ? tckqdk&if qkYdcsif;pl;udk ukowJh udpövJ NyD;oGm;NyDyJ? &SifjyefEkdifygNyD}} tdrf&Sifu ESifavNyD/ tdrf&Sifu ESifí {nfhonfrjyefvQif ½dkif;pdkif;&musayawmhrnf/ {nfhonf oHa,mfZOf trQifwef;vef;jzifh tdrfjyef&ayawmhrnf/ [lusif;onf olrudk t½kdtaoay;um av;av;eufeuf awmif;yefpum;ajymvdkufrdonf/ ]]csLusL; ...rif;[m ightay:rSm wu,fhudk aumif;cJhygw,f? vlwpfa,mufrSm wefzdk;t&SdqHk;jzpfwJh ightouf udkawmif csrf;omay;wJhtxd aumif;cJhygw,f? 'gaMumifhrkdY wpfavQmufvHk; aumif;cJhwJh twlwl 'DwpfcgvJ ighudkaus;Zl;jyygaemf? 'Daus;Zl;udk wpfoufvHk; ig rarhygbl;}} [lusif;onf olYtazMuD; &SufpGef;udk u,fwif&ef twGuf &nf½G,fajymqkdaejcif;om jzpfonf/ csLusL;onf rnfodkYrQ wkHYjyefpum; rqkdawmhbJ tcef;wHcg; udkom zGifhvkdufonf/ ]]usifhaph ..{nfhonfudk jyefykdYvkdufawmh}} [lusif;onf onfrQxuf qufí awmif;yef&ef rjzpfEkdifawmhrSef; odojzifh acgif;idkufpdkufcsum avQmufxGufvm&awmhonf/ 913
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; olwnf;ckdaqmifodkY jyefvnf a&muf&Sdaom tcsdefwGif ausmufrdef apmifharQmfaeonfudk awGU&Sd&onf/ ausmufrdefonf wufEkdifvQif [lusif;ESifh t&dyfyrm uyfvdkufaecsifonfh rdef;uav;yifwnf;/ ausmufrdefonf [lusif;ESifh rsufESmcsif;qkdif qdkifrdvQif qkdifrd jcif;yif ... ]]qkdYcsif;pl;udk &Sif ukay;vkdufNyD;aygh? uRefr&JU r[l&m t½dk;quf aq;eJY ukay;wm r[kwfvm;}} ]][if ...rif; w,fawmfygvm;? wyftyfaocsmMuD;udk a[mvkduf wmyJ? [kwfygw,f? rif;&JU r[l&m t½kd;qufaq;eJYrS ruk&if wjcm; ukp&maq;rS r&Sdawmhwm? tajctaeuawmh awmfawmfuav; aumif; aeygw,f? 'gayr,hf olY'Pf&maysmuf raysmufawmh twuf rajymEdkif ao;ygbl;}} ausmufrdefonf oufjyif;&SnfMuD; wpfcsufcs&if; ajymvkdufrd onf/ ]]&Sifuawmh qdkYcsif;pl;&JU toufudk u,fay;vdkuf&if &SifhtazMuD;&JU toufudk csLusL;u u,fay;Ekdif aumif;&JU qkdNyD; oGm;aq;ukwm r[kwfvm;? [lusif; ...[lusif;? &Sif[m wu,fhudk tçwJhvlyJ? &Sifu ayghapvkdvdk aMumif½kyfxkd;ay;vkdufwmyJ? 'gayr,fh aq;xkd;ay;vkdufwJh twGuf av;oGm;w,f qkdwmudkyJ? &SifvkyforQ tqkd;awGcsnf; jzpfaeawmhwmyJ? &Sifu olwpfyg;&JU pdwf"mwfudk vHk;vHk;rS rodbJudk;}} [lusif;onf em;rvnfEdkifpGmjzifh jyefar;vkdufonf/ ]]bm ...b,fvkd ...b,fvkd? rif;ajymwmawG ig bmrS em;rvnf bl;}} ]]qdkYcsif;pl;udk 'Davmuf MudK;pm;NyD; &Sifukay; vkdufwm[m olYtay:&Sifu arwÅmr&Sdawmhbl; qkdwmudk jyvkdufwmeJY twlwlyJ? &Sif pOf;pm;Munhfav? &Sif tm;MudK;rmefwuf ukoav &Sifhudk olu pdwfqkd;avyJ}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdef\ pum;rsm;udk vHk;0 oabm raygufcJhay/ csLusL;onf olr\ a,mufusm; qkdYcsif;pl;udk u,fwifay;onfh twGuf rdrdtm; pdwfqkd;rnfqkdonfrSm rnfodkYrQ rjzpfEkdif[k xifaerdonf/ olYa,mufusm;udk u,fwifay;onfhtwGuf rdrdudk aus;Zl;wif&rnf? tjypfawmh rwifEkdif[k ,HkMunfaerdonf/ odkYaomf [lusif;onf aq;oGm;ukpOfu csLusL; ajymcJhonfh pum;rsm;udk ½kwfw&uf owd&vdkufrdonf/ ]]uRefr odygw,f? &SiftwwfEkdifqHk; MudK;pm; ukoay;aew,f qkdwm? 'grS pdwfajzmifhajzmifheYJ rif;orD; Muif,mawmf vkyfEkdifrSmaygh}} xdkpum;rsm;onf csLusL;\ EIwfrS xGufay:cJhonfh pum;rsm;yif jzpfonf/ xkdpum;rsm;\ t"dyÜm,fESifh wlaeayonf/ qkdYcsif;pl;\ toufudk rdrdu,fwifay;onfhtwGuf rdrdtm; rvkdvm; rESpfNcdKufonfh oabm t"dyÜm,frsKd; yg0ifaeaMumif; ,ckrS pOf;pm;ayawmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf [lusif;tm; ceJY NyHK;NyHK;&if; ar;vkdufonf/ ]]bmvJ? &SiftckrS qdkYcsif;pl;udk u,fvkdufrdvkYd aemifw&ae wmvm;}} [lusif; rnfonhf pum;rQ rajymEkdifawmh/ rjrifEkdifaom ta0; wpfae&modkY arQmfMunhfaeonfhyrm awGa0 ai;armaeawmhonf/ ÄÄÄ aemufwpfaeY eHeuf .../ t½kPfrdk;aomufNyD; jzpfí tarSmifrsm; ajy;0if aysmufuG,f oGm;MuNyD/ odkif;orm;rsm;onf raeYu olwkdY pkpnf;cJhonfh ajruGufvyfMuD;ü wjznf;jznf; pka0; a&muf&SdvmMuonf/ odkif;orm;rsm; tm;vHk;vkdvdk pHknDaomtcg cHk;usd q&mawmfMuD;udk vHk;0 ta&;rpdkufbJ OD;½Guf jyKvsuf pum;ajymcJhaom wm;rmausmif;wkdufrS bkef;MuD;onf ajruGufvyfokdY xGufvmjyefonf/ ]]'DaeYrSm 0gar*dkdPf;u &SufpGef;udk ac:xkwf&r,fh aeYygyJ? bkef;MuD;wkdY ay;xm;wJh uwdtwdkif; &SufpGef;udk xdef;odrf;xm;wJh ae&mudk tck oGm;Mur,f? uJ ...uJ ...tm;vHk; vkdufcJhMuyg}} bkef;MuD; aemufrS rsm;jym;vSpGmaom odkif;orm;rsm; wpfpk wpfa0;MuD; vkdufygoGm;Muawmhonf/
914
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; okdif;jydKifyGJü atmifyGJcHcJhaom 0gar*dkPf;u odkif;orm; tm;vHk;\ a&SUrS OD;aqmif csDwufoGm;onf/ awmifukef;xdyfodkY a&mufaomtcg opfyifMuD; oHk;yifxJü NidrfoufpGm xkdifaeMuaom bkef;MuD;oHk;yg;ukd awGUjrifMu&awmhonf/ xkdtcg wm;rmausmif;wkdufrS bkef;MuD;u ... ]]&SufpGef;udk 'Dopfyif oHk;yifMum;u ajratmufcef;rSm ydwfxm;ygw,f? tck 'umMuD;wkdY jrifwJhtwkdif;yJ? q&mawmfMuD; oHk;yg;u 'D ajratmufcef;udk apmifhMuyfaeygw,f? q&mawmfMuD; oHk;yg;uawmh vG,fvifhwuleJY &SufpGef;udk ac:,loGm;cGifh ay;rSm r[kwfbl;? *kdPf;csKyf MuD; csLusL;taeeJY q&mawmfMuD; oHk;yg;udk tEkdif,lEkdif&ifawmh &SufpGef; udk ac:,loGm;cGifh &SdygNyD/ uJ ...*dkPf;csKyfMuD; csLusL;&JU odkif;ynm tpGrf;udk xyfMunhfMu&atmif}} &efa&mif? clwkd tp&Sdonfh vlrsm;onf [lusif;tm;vSrf; MunhfvkdufMuonf/ raeYnu [lusif; xGufoGm;jcif;onf xkdudpöESifh yufowfí csLusL;ESihf oGm;a&muf aqG;aEG;jcif; jzpfaMumif; tm;vHk;u &dyfrdxm;Muonf/ ,ck [lusif;\ rsufESmü tvGef pdwfvIyf&Sm;aeonhf t&dyfta,mifrsm; awGU&aomtcg [lusif;\ aqG;aEG;rIonf odyft&m rxifvSaMumif; cefYrSef;rdvkdufMuojzifh tm;vHk; pdwfroufrom jzpfoGm;Mu&onf/ xdkpOf csLusL;u pwif pum;ajymawmhonf/ ]]q&mawmfMuD; oHk;yg;[m a&Smifvif*dkPf;&JU oufawmfMuD; 0gawmf MuD; yk*¾dKvfMuD;awGqkdawmh okdif;ynm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrifhrm;w,f qkdwm vHk;0 oHo,&Sdp&m rvkdygbl;? wynhfawmfr uom q&mawmf MuD; oH;k yg;eJY ,SOjf ydKifwu kd cf u dk rf ,f qk&d if q&mawmfMuD; oH;k yg;&JU odum© udk apmfum;&m usygvdrrhf ,f? r½drk ao rav;rpm; vkyf&mvJ usygvdrfhr,f}} wm;rm ausmif;wkdufrS bkef;MuD;u ... ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; taeeJY tultnDESpfa,muf ac:csif ac:Edkifygw,f? q&mawmfMuD; oHk;yg;uawmh b,fa½GU b,frQ &,fvkdYawmh rowfrSwf xm;ygbl;}} ]]wynfah wmfr taeeJY raeYnaeu Ekid cf w hJ muawmh odyaf wmfvYkd Ekid cf w hJ m r[kwyf gbl;? uHaumif;axmufrvkYd EkdifcJhjcif; jzpfygw,f? 'gaMumifhrdkY wynhfawmfr taeeJY raeYwkef;u wynfhawmfr tEkdif,lcJhvkdY 'Pf&m raysmufuif;ao;wJh vli,fav;wpfa,mufudk ab;tultnDtjzpf ac:NyD; wkdufcdkufyghr,f? 'gqdk&if q&mawmfMuD; oHk;yg;u oHk;a,muf wpfa,muf wkduf&m rusawmhygbl;? wynfhawmfr taeeJY 'Dvli,fav;udk odyfoHk;csifwmawmh r[kwyf gbl;? 'Daumifav;u odik ;f ynm odyx f ;l cRefvw S mrS r[kww f m? q&mawmfMuD;awGukd r½drk ao rjzpfatmifom xkwfoHk;&jcif; jzpfygw,f}} [lusif;onf xkdpum;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg tvGef 0rf;om oGm;awmhonf/ ]]tif; ...bk&m;odMum; rçwmyJ? igh awmif;qkdcsufudk ol vufcH vkdufNyD}} tvif;rmef*dkPf;MuD;rS *dkPf;om; tcsKdUurl csLusL;u olwkdY *kdPf;csKyfMuD;tm; oli,fESyfpm;av; wpfa,muf yrm ac:a0: oHk;EIef; aeonfudk tvGef raMurcsrf; jzpfaeMuavonf/ odkYaomf olwkYd *kdPf;csKyfMuD;\ rsufESmudk vSrf;MunhfvkdufaomtcgwGifrl tvGefw&m 0rf;omtm;& jzpfaeonfudk awGU&Sd&ojzifh em;rvnfEkdifatmif jzpfrdMu &jyefonf/ &efa&mifurl [lusif; 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;omjzpfaeyHkukd MunhfNyD; raeYnu oGm;a&muf aqG;aEG;cJhonfh udpu ö dk ,ckrS vufcHvkdufNyD; jzpfaMumif; &dyfrdvkdufMuonf/ [lusif; tjyifokdY xGufvmNyD; csLusL;udk t½dktao wpfcsuf ay;vkdufum ... ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; taeeJY raeYnu usKyf&JU toufudk csrf;omay;wJh twGuf trsm;MuD; aus;Zl;wifaMumif; ajymMum;vkdygw,f}} [lusif; odaeonfh tcsuf &Sdonf/ vla&SUola&SUü rdrdtm; ao;Ekyfodrfi,foGm;atmif jyKrlajymqkdjcif;onf r*FvmaqmifonfhaeYu olr t&SufuGJcJhonfhtwGuf vufpm;acsaejcif; jzpfaMumif;ESifh 0gar*dkPf;om;rsm; a&SUü ol\ *kPfodu©mudk rnfrQ jr§ifhwufaMumif; jyvkdí jzpfaMumif; [lusif; odaeonf/ rdrdtaejzifh rnfrQ odrfi,f onfjzpfap? rnfrQ *kPfi,fonf jzpfap? rdrdtazMuD; &SufpGef;twGuf acgif;ikHYcH&ayrnf/ 915
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csLusL;u ... ]]tykdpum;awG ajymraeeJY? &Sifhudkac:wmu wu,fulnDNyD; wkdufzdkY ac:wm r[kwfbl;? ab;u [efjywdkuf½Hkavmuf wkdufzdkY ac:xm;wm}} [lusif;onf cg;udkudkif;í t½dktao ay;vkdufum ... ]][kwfuJh ...*kdPf;csKyfMuD;&JU trdefYtwdkif; usKyf aqmif½Gufygh r,f}} csLusL;onf olr\ usmyGwfudk qGJxkwfvsuf avxJwGif a0SY,rf; vkduf&m puf0kdif;tMuD;ti,frsKd;pHk jzpfay:vsuf &Sdaeawmhonf/ olr\ b,fbufvufudk vIyf&Sm;vkdufaomtcg "m;wkdwpfacsmif; xGufvm jyefonf/ csLusL;onf tHhrcef;aom odkif;ynmtpGr;fudk jyayawmhonf/ vufESpfbuf vufeufESpfrsKd; udkifaqmif wku d cf u kd Ef idk af om odik ;f orm; onf odik ;f avmuü vGepf mG &Sm;yg;vSonf/ ykí d xl;jcm;onfrmS csLusL; \ wpfbufpüD &Sdaom vufeufrsm;yif jzpfonf/ vufeufwpfckonf t&SnfjzpfNyD; usefvufeuf wpfcku twkdjzpfaeonf/ xkdvufeuf ESpfck\ oabm obm0 uvnf; jcm;em;aeayonf/ wpfcku taysmh? wpfcku trm/ odkif;orm; tm;vHk; yg;pyfta[mif;om;jzifh tvGefw&m tHhMo aeMuawmhonf/ csLusL;udk MunfhNyD; pdwf"mwfrsm; wufMuGvmMuawmhonf/ ordkif;wGifrnfh odkif;jydKifyGJMuD; wpfckudk Munhf&ayawmhrnf/ [lusif;uvnf; ausmufrD;wkdif ESpfacsmif;udk xkwf,lqGJudkifvdkuf onf/ xkdpOf [lusif;onf acsmif;w[Gwf[Gwf qkd;aeawmhonf/ trSefum; acsmif;qdk;jcif;um; r[kwfacs/ ol'Pf&m raysmufao;aMumif; jyovkdojzifh [efaqmif acsmif;qkd;vkdufjcif; jzpfonf/ wdkufyGJtwGuf tm;vHk; pdwf0ifpm;aeonfh tcsdefwGif awmifukef;\ wpf0ufavmufrS tvGef om,memaysmfzG,f aumif;vSaom apmif;cwfoHrsm; xGufay:vmawmhonf/ xkdtoHrsm;udk Mum;vkduf&ojzifh [lusif;onf tvGef 0rf;omtm;& jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ wpfcP twGif;rSmyif tusÐjzL qifwl 0wfqifxm;aom rdef;uav; av;a,mufwdkYonf apmif;udk,fpD ydkufvsuf awmifukef; xdyfokdY wufa&mufvmMuonf/ odkif;orm;rsm; wtHhwMo jzpfaepOfrSmyif ajyGrIwfoHrsm;udk Mum; vkduf&jyefonf/ xkdcP twGif;rSmyif tusÐeuf qifwl0wfqifxm; aom rdef;uav; av;a,mufwkdYonf aNyGudk,fpDNzifh wufa&muf vmMuNyefonf/ xdkrdef;uav; &Spfa,mufwdkonf wpfae&mü oD;oD; oefYoeYf wpfwef;pD &yfwefh aevdkufMuonf/ rsm;rMumrD tusÐ t0ga&mif 0wfqifxm;aom rdef;uav;wpfa,muf a&muf&dSvm awmhonf/ [lusif; arsmfvifhxm;onfhtwkdif; olawmif;pm; *dkPf;wGif awGUcJ h&aom tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;yifwnf;/ olawmif;pm;*dkPf;rS *dkPf;csKyfrav; q,f[kefonf xdk rdef;uav;udk awGUvkdufonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf aNy;oGm;um xdkrdef; uav;\ &ifcGifwGifodk h 0ifvsuf &dSKufMuD;wiif idkcsvdkufawmh onf/ NyD;rS ... ]] rr...rr....? uRefrwdkY&JU usef;yef e*g;acgif;ESifh pnf;urf; xdef;odrf;a&;rSL;MuD;wdk h towfcHvdkuf&NyD..}} q,f[kef onf csLusL;&dS&modk h vufndK; xdk;vdkufum......... ]]olwdk h 0gar*dkPf;&J h vufcsufyJ rr? usefyef; e*g;acgif;udk owfvdkufwJhvlu wpfNcm;vlr[kwfbl;? [dk ......}} q,f[kef\ pum;rqHk;rDyif tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;u aNymvdkufonf/ ]]q,f[kef ...rr 'DtaMumif;awG odNyD;NyD? [if; ...[if; ... vpMum odkif;pmtkyfxJu t½kd;acgif; vufonf; okdif;ynm[m 'DavmuxJrSm taumif;qHk; okdif;ynm r[kwfao;ygbl;? 'Davmuf ynmav;eJY okdif;avmurSm rmewHcGef vTifhcsifvdkY r&ao;ygbl;uG,f}} xkdpum;rsm;ukd Mum;vkduf&aomtcg tm;vHk; xdwfvefYwMum; jzpfoGm;Muawmhonf/ 0gar*dkPf;u raeYnwkef;u toHk;jyKcJhaom vufonf;odkif;rSm vGefcJhonhf tESpfwpf&mcefYu odkif;avmu wpfckvHk;ukd wodrfhodrfh wkefoGm;apcJhaom vpMum odkif;usifhpOfxJrS t&ufpufqHk;? aMumufp&m taumif;qHk; ynmyif jzpfawmhonf/ OD;acgif;cGH vufonf;okdif; qkdonhf twkdif;yif &efol\ OD;acgif;udk xdk;azmufí taowkdufcdkufavh &SdaMumif; odxm;ojzifh odkif;avmurS vlrsm; þrQ xdwfvefY aMumuf½GHUMujcif; jzpfayonf/ tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;onf q,f[kef\ vufudk qGJí olawmif; pm;*dkPf;om;rsm; tv,fwGif xkdifcsvkdufawmhonf/ 916
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csLusL;onf [lusif;\ em;em;odkY wkd;uyfí ar;vkdufonf/ ]]'Drdef;ru b,folvJ}} ]][ifhtif; ...rodbl;? igvJ olYudk wpfcgyJ awGUbl;w,f? emrnfawmif rod&ao;bl;}} csLusL;onf xkdrdef;uav;xHodkY wpfcsuf apGapmif;MunhfNyD;rS ... ]]uJ ...uRefrwdkY pç wkdufMupdkY}} olronf MumyGwfudk tqufrjywf a0SU,rf;&if; opfyifoHk;yif Mum;okdY ckef0ifvkdufawmhonf/ olr\ vIy&f mS ;rI [efyefonf tvGef vSyonf/ olrudk usmyGwf jzifh wkeef bke;f awmfMuD;\ MudK;vufeufukd &pfywfvkdufNyD;? wkeef bkef;awmfMuD;\ wkdufuGufudk xdef;csKyfvkdufonf/ wkacgESifh wkcsufwkdY ESpfa,mufuvnf; wjyKdifwnf;vkdvkdyif olwkdY\ MudK;vufeufrsm;udk b,fnm ESpfbufrS vIyf,rf;vsuf csLusL; udk wkdufcdkufMuawmhonf/ xkdpOf [lusif;onf csufcsif; ckefxGufí uRrf;wpfcsuf xkd;um wkdufyGJMum;odkY 0ifa&mufoGm;awmhonf/ y&dowf tm;vHk;onf ][,f} ceJ jzpfoGm;Muonf/ olwkdY\ pdwfxJwGif [lusif; oufouf uRrf;xkd; vkdufonf[k rxif/ ol\ ajcaxmufrsm; r[efEkdifojzifh vJusoGm; jcif;om jzpfonf[k xifvkdufMuaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ wu,fawmh ausmufrD;wkdifay:&Sd xl;qef;vSaom okdif;ynmudk toHk;csvkdufjcif;yif jzpfawmhonf/ [lusif;onf vJusoGm;onfh [efjzifhyif vufxJ&Sd ausmufrD;wkdif ESpfacsmif;udk wkeef\&if0odkY ½kdufcsvkdufawmhonf/ xkdtcsdefwGif wkeef\ MudK;vufeufrSm csLusL;\ usmyGwfESifh &pfywf jidwG,faeojzifh rnfodkYrQ rvkyfEkdifbJ jzpfaecsdef jzpfonf/ wkacgESihf wkcsufwYdk onf wkeef tEÅ&m,f MuHKaeonfukd awGUvku d &f aomtcg csLusL;tm; wku d cf u kd af eonfh MudK;vufeufrsm; tm; tvsiftjref ½kwfodrf;vkdufNyD; MudK;ESpfacsmif; pvHk;jzifh [lusif;tm; vTJ½kdufvkdufMuonf/ [lusif;u a&Smifwdrf;í r&awmhonfh yHkpHrsKd;jzifh ajrMuD;ay:odkY ½kwfw&uf vSdrfhcsvdkufonf/ tvGef yHkyef;ysufpGmjzifh wkacg\ ab;okdY a&muf&Sdvmawmhonf/ xkt d cg wkacgonf [lusif;\ ycH;k udk xk;d ½ku d v f u dk af wmhonf/ [lusif;onf tm;ajymif; tm;vTJ odik ;f ynmudk oHk;um wkacg\ ½kdufcsufudk z,f&Sm;vkdufNyD;? wqufwnf;yif wkcsuf &Sd&mbufodkY wkd;xGufvdkufonf/ trSefpifppf [lusif;onf ,aeYtzdkYü csLusL;\ emrnfowif; ausmfapm&ef vkyfay;rnf[k qHk;jzwfNyD; jzpfonf/ tu,fí þbkef; awmfMuD; oHk;yg;udk tEkdif&cJhvQif rdrdaMumifh Ekdifjcif;r[kwf? csLusL; aMumifh Ekdifjcif; jzpfaMumif; trsm; y&dowf odoGm;apcsifonf/ rdrd taejzifhrl tazMuD; &SufpGef;udk u,fwifEkdifjcif;om t"du jzpfaom aMumifh jzpfavonf/ ab;ywfywfvnfwGif xdyfoD; okdif;orm;aygif;rsm;pGm &SdaeMu onf/ odkYaomf ausmufrD;wkdifay:rS okid ;f ynmonf wu,fyif cufcJ eufev J o S nft h jyif rnfou l rQ awGUzl;? MuHKzl;Mujcif; r&So d jzifh ausmufr;D wkid af y:rS okdif;uGufrsm;udk toHk;jyKaeaom [lusif;tm; raeYnu aoG;tefonftxd 'Pf&m&cJhíom þodkY yHkysuf yef;ysuf jzpfaejcif;[k xifrSwfaeMujcif; jzpfonf/ þodkY yHkysuf yef;ysuf jzpfaejcif;onfyif ausmufrD;wkdifay:rS okdif;uGufrsm; jzpfaMumif; rnfolrQ rod&SdMuay/ csLusL;rSmrl ckefysHausmfvTm;vsuf vQyfwysuftwGif; a&SUa&muf vkduf? aemufa&mufvkduf wkdufcdkufaeonf/ olr\ wkdufcdkufyHkonf tvGef vSyonf/ [lusif;rSmrl wpfcsdefvHk; vkdvkdyif yHkysufyef;ysuf jzpfaeawmhonf/ olwdkYESpfa,muf wdkufcdkufaeyHkonf tjzLESihf trnf; uJhokdY odod omom uGmjcm;vSawmhonf/ odkYaomf rnfodkY yHkysufaeonfjzpfap ta&;MuD;aom tEÅ&m,f&Sdaom tajctaewGifrl [lusif;onf oDoD uav; vGwfajrmufoGm;avh &Sdaeojzifh ab;y&dowftzdkY &ifwrr jzpfaeMu&awmhonf/ [lusif;\ xl;qef;aom odkif;ynmudk wkacg? wkcsufESifh wkeef wkdY oHk;a,mufaygif;rwkdufbJ wpfa,mufcsif; wkdufMuygu [lusif;\ wkdufcdkufrIudk tjyif;txef ckcHMu&vdrfhrnf/ 917
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; wkcsuf xkdifaeonfh opfyifMuD;onf wkacg opfyifMuD;\ ½kduf tm;ESihf [lusif;\ ueftm;ESpfck aygif;pyf jydKvJrIaMumifh vHk;0 usKd;us oGm;&jyefonf/ xko d pfyifMuD; oH;k yifpvH;k w0ke;f 0ke;f usKd;jywf jydKvJraI Mumifh ab;ywfvnf&dS odik ;f orm;rsm;rSm tvefYwMum; atmf[pfolu atmf[pf? wdrf;a&Smifolu wdrf;a&Smif? xGufajy;olu xGufajy;? ponfjzifh urÇmysufouJhokdY jzpfoGm;ayawmhonf/ [lusi;f onf ol\ vufx&J dS ausmufr;D wdik f ESpaf csmif;pvH;k jzifh wkacgESihf wkcsuw f Ykx d H t&Sed t f [kef jyif;pGmjzifh ypfaygufvu dk af wmh onf/ wkacgESihf wkcsuw f Yk d ESpaf ,mufonf jydKvJusaeonfh opfyif MuD;rsm;udk a&Smifwrd ;f ae&cdu k f w0S;D 0S;D atmfjrnfí ajy;0ifvmaom ausmufr;D wkid rf sm;udk ½kww f &uf awGUjrifvu dk Mf u&aomtcg rnfoYkd rQ MuhMH uHch idk í f r&yfwnfEdkifawmhbJ ajcrudkifrd vufrudkifrd jzpfum uref;uwef; aemufodkY ckefqkwf ajy;a&Smifvdkuf&awmhonf/ þ bkef;awmfMuD;rsm;tzdkY þodkY wdrf;a&Smif&jcif;onf olwkdY\ wpfoufwm twGif;ü yxrqHk;aom tawGUtMuHK yifwnf;/ [lusif;url csufcsif;yif ajrMuD;ay:ü vl;vSrfhcsvkdufum ajrjyif uGufvyf tv,fodkY 0ifa&mufoGm;NyD; ajratmufcef;udk ydwfxm;onfh ausmufcsyfMuD;okdY tm;ukefxkwfí ½kdufzGifhvdkufawmhonf/ [lusif;\ twGif;tm;onf tm;ukef xkwfxm;jcif; jzpfojzifh tvGef jyif;xefvS&m ausmufcsyfMuD;onf yGifhxGufoGm; &awmhonf/ [lusif;onf atmf[pf ac:iifvkdufonf/ ]]tazMuD;?jrefjref xGufcJhawmh? uRefawmf tjyifuae apmifhae w,f}} [lusif;onf atmf[pf ac:ae&mrS yxrwpfMudrfu tawGUtMuHK jyefvnf owd&vkdufrdonf/ xkdYaMumifh yxr tMudrfouJhodkY rjzpfap&ef qufí atmfrac:awmhbl;? ajratmufcef;odkY ckefqif;vkdufum &SufpGef;udk ayGUcsDí ckefxGufvkdufawmhonf/ ol tay:odYk a&mufonfh wpfcsdew f nf;rSmyif wkacgESiw hf ck sufwYdk \ MudK;ESpaf csmif;onf csufcsif; vma&muf ½kdufcwfawmhonf/ [lusif; onf rnfodkYrQ rwufEkdifawmhojzifh &SufpGef;udk atmufodkY csvkdufNyD; &ifbwftwGif;rS ausmuf r D ; wk d i f ES p f a csmif ; ud k vsif j ref p G m xk w f , l v k d u f u m bk e f ; awmf M uD ; ES p f y g;xH o d k Y vQyf w jywf ypfaygufvkdufawmhonf/ ypfvkdufNyD;onfESifh ol\ vufESpfbufjzifh MudK;ESpfacsmif;udk qGJzrf;vkdufawmhonf/ wkacgESifh wkcsufwkdYonf twGif;tm;udk xkwfí olwkdY\ MudK;rsm;udk jyefvk,l&ef pdwful;vkdufpOfrSmyif ausmufrD;wdkifESpfacsmif;wdkYonf olwdkY\ rsufESma&SUodkY a&muf&Sdvmojzifh olwkYd\ MudK;vufeufrsm;udk vTwfcsvkduf&um aemufodkY tjrefqHk; ckefa&Smifvkduf&jyefawmhonf/ xkdtcsdefwGif wkeefu vuf0g;apmif;jzifh [lusif;udk ½kdufcsvkdufonf/ [lusif;onf csLusL;tm; atmf[pf owday;vdkuf&onf/ ]]csLusL; ...olYudk xdef;xm;vkduf}} odkYaomf csLusL; tenf;i,frQyif rvIyf&Sm;bJ onftwkdif; &yfMunhfaevkdufojzifh [lusif;onf rwufomawmhbJ wkeef\ vuf0g;apmif;udk ycHk;jzifh cHvkdufNyD; ckefxGuf vkdufonf/ xkdpOf &SufpGef;\ pum;oHonf nifom aysmhaysmif;pGmjzifh xGufay:vmawmhonf/ ]][lusif; ...vlav; ...igh wpfoufrSm tjypfawG trsm;MuD; usL;vGefcJhNyD;NyD ...? igusL;vGefcJhwJh tjypf'PfawG ig cHoifhygw,f vlav;? bmjzpfvkdY 'Davmufawmif u,fxkwfcsif&wmvJuG,f}} [lusif;onf &SufpGef;tm; rnfonhf pum;ukdrQ rajymawmhay/ t&ifwpfcgvkd jzpfrnf pdk;ojzifh csufcsif;yif &SufpGef;\ taMumukd xkd;ydwfvkdufawmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh &SufpGef;onf vHk;0 vIyf&Sm;jcif; rjyKEkdifawmhay/ þuJhodkY wkHYqdkif;aevkdufjcif;yif bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;twGuf r[m tcGifhta&; jzpfoGm;&ayonf/ oHk;yg;pvHk;onf vuf0gapmif; ½kdkufcsufrsm;jzifh [lusif;tm; wpfjydKifeufwnf; 0kdif;½kdufvkdufMuonf/ [lusif;onf &SufpGef;udk ajrMuD;ay:odkY jyefcsvkduf&um jyefvnf ckcH umuG,fae& jyefawmhonf/ [lusif;onf csLusL;tm; xyfrH atmf[pfNyD; tultnD awmif; rdjyefonf/ ]]csLusL; ...tazMuD;udk tjrefqHk; u,fxkwf vkdufprf;yg}} 921
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; atmf & if ; [pf & if ; rS csLusL;0if a &muf u,f x k w f E k d i f & ef tvd k Y i S m bk e f ; awmf M uD ; oH k ; yg;pvH k ; \ vuf0g;apmif;rsm;udk xdef;csKyfxm; vkduf&onf/ odkYrSom csLusL;udk bkef;awmfMuD;rsm; wm;qD; Ekdifrnf r[kwfay/ bkef;awmfMuD;rsm;tm; þodkY xdef;csKyfxm;Ekdif&ef [lusif;onf tiftm;udk tqrwef xkwfoHk;&ojzifh tvGefw&m tm;tif ukefcef;vSawmh onf/ csLusL;taejzihf olY tazMuD;tm; u,fxkwf oGm;EkdifvQif olvnf; xGufajy;&ef u,fxkwfoGm;EdkifvQif olvnf; csufcsif; xGuf ajy;&ef qHk;jzwfNyD; jzpfonf/ xkdpOf csLusL;onf &SufpGef; teD;odkY ckef0if a&muf&Sdvmonf/ &SufpGef;\ ½kwfw&uf atmf[pfoHaMumifh tm;vHk; txdwfwvefY jzpf oGm;Mu&onf/ ]]xGD ...oGm;prf; rdef;r,kwf? igh tem;ruyfeJY}} csLusL;onf csufcsif;yif &SufpGef;\ taMumudk xkd;ydwfNyD; jyefatmfonf/ ]]&SufpGef; ...uRefru apwemeJY &Sifhudk u,frvdkY 0ifvmwm? &Sifu uRefrudk apmfum;ao;w,f? 'Dvkd vlrsKd;udk rowfbJxm;vkdY b,fjzpfrvJ}} ajym&if;qkd&if; olr\ nmvufacsmif;rsm; ajr§mufí &SufpGef;\ OD;acgif;udk xkd;pdkufcs&ef [efjyifvkdufonf/ xkdtjzpfudk jrif&aom [lusif;onf rsufpDrsm; jyma0 oGm;&mrS tvefYwMum; atmf[pf wm;jrpfvkdufonf/ ]]csLusL; ...rvkyfeJY}} xdktcsdefwGif olESifh a&Smifvifbkef;MuD; oHk;yg;wkdYrSm twGif;tm; csif; ,SOfjydKifaeMu&NyD jzpfí ckefxGufí olYtazMuD;udk u,fwif&ef rjzpfEkdifawmhacs/ ckefxGufvdkí olYtwGif;tm;udk ½kwfodrf;vkdufygu wpfbufrS twGi;f tm;vIid ;f rsm; 'PfaMumifh ckex f u G jf cif; rjyKEkid rf rd mS yif ol aoqH;k &ayvdrrhf nf/ þvkd tcsed rf sK;d ü ESpb f ufpvH;k \ twGif;tm;rsm;udk wpfjydKifeuf ½kwfodrf;rSom jzpfEkdifayrnf/ csLusL;onf tu,fyif aumufuspf ,kwfrmaom rdef;r wpfa,muf tjzpfodkY b0 ajymif;oGm;ayNyD/ pdwfaumif;&Sdolrsm; rnfodkY rQ vkyfvdrfhrnf r[kwfaom tvkyfudk ,ck csLusL; vkyfayawmhrnf r[kwfygvm;/ csLusL;onf &SufpGef;\ OD;acgif;xdyfü ol\ vufudk ajr§mufxm; &if; [lusif;udk at;pufpGm pdkufMunhfum rckd;rceYf avoHjzifh ar; vkdufonf/ ]][lusif; ...[dkaeYwkef;u r*FvmyGJrSm ighudk ypfxm;cJhwkef;u 'DaeY 'Dvkd tajctaersKd; MuHKawGU&vdrfhr,fvkYd pOf;pm;rd&JUvm;? [if; ... [if; ... [if; ...}} [lusif;onf wpfbufwGif bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;ESifh ,SOfjydKifae& NyD; tjcm;bufwGif olY tazMuD; &SufpGef;twGuf tvGefw&m pdk;&drfhylyef ae&ay&m vHk;0 pdwfwnfjidrfrI r&Sdawmhay/ twGif;tm; ,SOfjydKif&mwGif þodkY jzpfaeygu vHk;0 rcHEkdifawmhrnf r[kwfojzifh olY wpfukd,fvHk; acR;oD; acR;aygufMuD;rsm; ,kdpD;pdrfhxGuf vmawmhonf/ &efa&mifwdkYonf qdk;0g;vSaom tajctaeudk awGUMuHK&aomtcg vGefpGm wkefvIyf acsmufcsm; oGm;Muawmhonf/ olwkdYtaejzifh [lusif; tay:wGif vGefpGm opöm&SdMuonf/ [lusif;twGufqdkvQif olwkdY\ toufudk pGefY0hHolrsm; jzpfMu onf/ odYk aomf [lusif;ESihf bke;f awmfMuD; oH;k yg;wdYk \ tem;odYk olwYk d taejzifh vH;k 0 ruyfEidk Mf uacs/ tb,faMumifh qkdaomf xkdav;a,muf \ twGif;tm;vIdif;rsm;onf aMumufrufzG,f&m jyif;xefaeaomaMumifhyifwnf;/
922
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(102) &efNidK;&efaMuG; [lusif;onf bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;\ twGif;tm;'Pfudk vHk;0 rcHEkdifawmhay/ olonf &SufpGef;twGuf pdk;&drfpdwf tvGef MuD;aeonf jzpf&m vHk;0 pdwfrwnfjidrfawmhojzifh wif;rcHEdkifatmif jzpfvmonf/ wjznf;jznf; ½HI;edrfhp jyKvmavNyD/ ol\ rsufvHk;rsm;onfvnf; jyma0p jyKvmavNyD/ xkdpOf vl&dyfwpfck vQyfwjywf ckefxGufvmNyD; csLusL;udk wkdufckdufvkdufonf/ csLusL;onf xkdvlaMumifh &SufpGef;udk tEÅ&m,f rjyKEkdifawmhbJ jyefvSefwkdufcdkufae&awmhonf/ xkdvl\ udk,f[efvIyf&Sm;yHkESifh ckef0ifwkdufcdkufyHkwkdYrSm csLusL;xuf vsifjrefvSonf jzpf&m csLusL;taejzifh &SufpGef;tm; owfcsdefyif r&vkdufay/ xkt d csi;f t&mudk jrifawGUvku d &f aomaMumifh [lusi;f onf tvGef 0rf;omoGm;NyD; pdwaf t;csr;f omrI &oGm;um twGif;tm; jyefwufvmawmhonf/ bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;\ twGif;tm;rsm;udk tMudwfte,f jyefvnf wGef;vSefEkdifvmawmhonf/ [lusif; þodkY tajctae jyefaumif;oGm;&onfrSm ½kwfw&uf 0ifa&mufvmaom u,fwif&SifaMumifh jzpfayonf/ u,fwif&Sif rnfolayenf;/ trSefpifppf bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;wkdYonf [lusif;\ aus;Zl;jyKrIudk cH,l&&SdNyD;olrsm; jzpf&m [lusif;tm; taowkdufckdufvkdMuonf r[kwfacs/ twGif;tm;vIdif; okdif;jydKifMu&mwGif n§mcsifwkdif; n§mír&/ n§mvkdojzifh rdrt d wGi;f tm;udk csucf si;f jyef½w k o f rd ;f í r&/ tu,fí ½kwo f rd ;f vkyd gvQif ESpOf ;D pvH;k \ twGi;f tm;rsm; nDrQcsed üf om ab;roD &efrc ½kwfodrf;EdkifMuavonf/ ,ck [lusif;\ twGif;tm;rsm; jyefwufvmaomtcg tm;csif; nDoGm;Muonf/ [lusif;onf ol\ tm;udk qufrxkwfawmhbJ &Sd&if; pGJtm;ESifhyif &yfweYf jidrfoufaevdkufonf/ bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;wkdYu vnf; 0rf;omtm;&pGmjzifh olwkYdtm;udk qufrxkwfawmhbJ jidrfoufaeMujyefonf/ 923
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; xkdtcg [lusif;u ol\tm;udk tenf;i,f jyef½kyfodrf;vkdufonf bkef;awmfMuD;rsm;uvnf; 4if;wkdY\ tm;ukd tenf;i,f jyef½yk o f rd ;f vku d jf yefonf/ wjznf;jznf; wpfqifNh yD; wpfqifh twGi;f tm;rsm;udk jyef½yk o f rd ;f cJMh u&m aemufqHk; tNyD;tydkif ½kyfodrf;EkdifcJhMuojzifh av;a,mufpvHk; 0rf;omtm;& &,farmEkdifMuawmhonf/ bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;ESihf [lusif;wkdYonf wm0efoabmt& rvTJra&Smifom wkdufckdufaeMu&jcif; jzpfavonf/ wpfOD;arwÅwpfOD;rSm qkdouJhodkY tjyeftvSef ½kdaoav;pm;rI &Sdxm;Muojzifh þuJhodkY 0rf;omtm;& &,farmEkdifMujcif; jzpfawmhonf/ [lusif;onf bke;f awmfMuD; oH;k yg;wkYt d m; ½dak oorIjzifh *g&0 jyKvku d o f nf/ bke;f awmfMuD; oH;k yg;wkYd uvnf; [lusif;udk av;pm;orI jzifh jyefvnf t½dktao ay;Muonf/ [lusif;onf bkef;awmfMuD; oHk;yg;wkdYESifh vHk;0 jidrfcsrf;a&; &oGm;ojzifh csLusL;&Sd&mokdY pdwfat;vufat; Munhf½Ivkdufawmhonf/ xkdtcgusrS olYudk u,fwifcJhonfh u,fwif&Sif rnfolrnf0gjzpfonfudk od&Sd vkduf&awmhonf/ u,fwif&Siftm; t0ga&miftusÐESifh rdef;uav;yifwnf;/ tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;\ vufESpfbufpvHk;wGif rnfonfh vufeuf ukdrS udkifaqmifrxm;acs/ csLusL;url usmyGwfwpfacsmif;ESifh "m;wkdwpfacsmif;udk udkifxm;onf/ vufeufrsm;jzifh udkifaqmif wkdufckdufaeaomfvnf; csLusL;rSm ½HI;edrhfp jyKaeavNyD/ tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;\ okdif;uGufrsm;rSm csLusL;\ odkif;uGufrsm;ESifh cyfqifqif wlaeonf/ odkYaomf csLusL;xuf ydkdrdk ayghyg;oGuf vufaeNyD; okdif;uGufrsm;uvnf; tvGefw&m xl;qef;aeayonf/ [lusif;tzdkY csLusL;\ okdif;uGufrsm;udk tvGef xl;qef;onf[k xifrSwfcJh&m ,ckrl tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;\ odkif;uGufrsm;u ykdrdk qef;Mu,faeaMumif; rsufjrifawGU&Sdae&awmhonf/ olronf vufeuf rudkifbJESihfyif csLusL;udk tEdkifwkdufvsuf &SdaeacsNyD/ wkacg q&mawmfMuD;u rdefYMum;vkdufonf/ ]]usef;[lusif; ...rif;u ighwkdY oHk;a,mufudk rEdkifayr,fh igwkdY oHk;a,mufuvJ rif;udk rEkdifcJhbl;? wkdYwawG ,SOfjydKif aecsdeftwGif;rSm &SufpGef;udk tjyifa&mufatmif u,fxkwfEkdifcJhvkdY rif;ukd csD;usL;ygw,f? &SufpGef;udk rif;,lzkdY igwdkY cGifjyKygw,f}} wkacg q&mawmfMuD;u pum;qHk;onfESihf &SufpGef;em;odkY oGm;í ydwfxm;aom taMumrsm;udk ajzay;vkdufonf/ NyD;aemuf ... ]]&SufpGef; ...trSm;&Sd&if trSefvJ &Sdw,f? vrf;rSm;ay: a&mufae&if vrf;rSefay: jyefa&mufatmif MudK;pm;yg? igwdkY&JU &Sifjrwfbk&m;[m trSefvrf;ay:a&mufzkdY MudK;pm;aeolwkdif;udk tNrJwrf; MudKqkdaeygw,f}} &SufpGef;nf wkacg q&mawmfMuD;udk OD;cs&if; avQmufxm;vdkuf onf/ ]]q&mawmfMuD; bk&m; ...wynfhawmftzkdY tckvkd csKyfaESmif cH&wJh tcsdefrSm q&mawmfMuD;wkYd&JU qHk;rpum;ukd emMum;cJh&vkdY trsm;MuD; aus;Zl;wifaeygw,f bk&m;}} xkdpOf tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;u csLusL;\ usmyGwfudk vk,lvkduf NyD; wHawmifqpfjzifh &if0&Sd taMumudk xkd;ydwfvdkufonf/ nmvuf&Sd vufacsmif;rsm;udk auGUaumufvkdufNyD; csLusL;\ OD;acgif;cGHudk xkd;pdkuf&ef ½G,fxm;vkdufonf/ olru ... ]]uJ ...'Dwpfcgawmh rif; olrsm;tay: &uf&ufpufpuf toHk;jyKcJhwJh OD;acgif;cHG vufoD;odkif;&JU t&omudk jrnf;prf; Munhfayawmhh}} csLusL;rSm taMumydwfcHxm;&ojzifh vHk;0 rvIyf&Sm;Edkifawmhacs/ xkdYaMumifh taocH&eftwGuf olr\ rsufvHk;rsm;udk rdSdwfxm;vkduf awmhonf/ &SufpGef;onf rsufpdrjrifol jzpfaomfvnf; pum;ajymoHrsm;t& avoHt&? tajctaeudk aumif;pGm tuJcwfrdonf/ xkdYaMumifh uref;uwef; vSrf;í wm;jrpfvkdufonf/
924
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]rdef;uav; ...rdef;uav; taeeJY usKyfwkdYom;tz ESpfa,muf&JU toufudk u,fcJhwmudk trsm;MuD; aus;Zl;wifygw,f? 'DcsLusL;qkdwJh rdef;uav;[mvJ usL;vGefcJhwJh tjypfawG awmfawmfrsm;aeygNyD? ol&JU tjypfawGudk olaemifwr&ao;bl; qkd&ifawmh wpfaeYus olY'Pf ol jyefcH&rSmygyJ? 'DaeYrSmawmh rdef;uav;taeeJY cGifhvTwfygvdkY usKyfu awmif;yefyg&ap}} tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;u ... ]]aMomf ...a½TarG; jcaoFhrif;u wu,fyJ ajymif;vJoGm;wmudk;}} olronf csufcsif; aemufjyef ckefqkwfvkdufonf/ [lusif;u &SufpGef;\ vufudkqGJí avQmufxGuf vmrnfjyKpOf ½kkwfw&uf &SufpGef; u ajymvkdufonf/ &SufpGef;onf a&Smifvifbkef;MuD;rsm; Mum;rS bkef;MuD;wpfyg;udk vufñSKd;xkd;vdkufum ... ]]csefcGef; ...rif; xGufvmcJhprf;? tck odkif;avmuçu vlawGtm;vHk; a&SUrSm igwkdY&JU &efNidK;udk ajz&Sif;r,f}} odkif;orm;rsm; tm;vHk;onf &SufpGef;\ pum;aMumifh xdwfvefY oGm;Muonf/ olwkdYonf &SufpGef; vufñSKd;xdk;xm;&modkY uref;uwef; vdkufMunfhMuaomtcg xkdbkef;MuD;rSm cg;udkif;aeNyD; ½kyf&nfrSm tvGef tdk;rif;aeaom bkef;MuD;tkdMuD; wpfyg;jzpfaeonf/ csefcGef;ESifh vHk;0 rwlacs/ [lusif;onf olYtazMuD; rSm;,Gif;oGm;NyD[k odvkdufonf/ xkdYaMumifh .... ]]ol csefcGef; r[kwfbl;}} [k ajym&ef [efjyif vkdufpOfrSmyif &SufpGef;u ... ]]csefcGef; ...rif; b,favmufyJ ½kyfzsuf ½kyfzsuf rif;&JU toHudkawmh zsufvkdY r&ygbl;? [m; ...[m; ...[m; ...? igh&JU em;[m rsufpdxufawmif vsifao;w,f csefcGef;&? rif; acsmif;qkd;oHudk Mum;vkduf&uwnf;u rif; b,folvJ qkdwm ig odNyD;NyD}} xkdbkef;MuD;tdkMuD;u ... ]]'um bmawGavQmufajymaewmvJ}} xkdpum;oHukd Mum;vkduf&aomtcg [lusif;onf csufcsif; rSwfrd oGm;awmhonf/ þtoHum; wu,fyif csefcGef;\ toHyifwnf;/ [lusif;taejzifh uGrf;rdefawmifay:wGif csefcGef;\ pum;ajymoHukd aumif;pGm Mum;odcJhzl;ayonf/ [lusif;onf csufcsif; ckefxGufvkdufum csefcGef;\ taemufbufrS vrf;udk ydwfqkdY vkdufawmhonf/ rydwq f Yk í d rjzpfacs/ csefceG ;f onf tvGef OmPfrsm;ol jzpfonf/ þwpfMudrw f iG v f nf; tvGef OmPfeOD mPfeufxw k í f xGufrajy;[k rnfolrQ tmrçrcHEkdifacs/ [lusifu ... ]]½Tifusif;q&mawmf ...aus;Zl;jyKNyD; xGufcJhygawmh? odwJh vlawGudk awmh vdrfnmvkdY r&Edkifawmhygbl;}} csefcGef;onf tvGef ½kyfzsufawmfol jzpfí ½kyfzsufNyD; vltkyfMum; 0ifvkdufaomtcg rnfolurQ r&dyfrdMuawmhay/ odkYaomf tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;u csLusL;udk 0ifa&muf wkdufckduf NyD; &SufpGef;udk u,fwifvdrfhrnf[k vH;k 0 rxifrw S cf o hJ jzifh acsmif;wpfcsuf [efYvu dk rf o d nf/ xkad csmif;[efYou H kd &Supf eG ;f Mum;vku d &f ojzifh þvltyk Mf uD; tv,fwGif csefcGef;&SdaMumif; odoGm;onf/ csefcGef;onfvnf; aumufuspf ,kwfrmol jzpfonfhtjyif y&dd,m,f a00kpf tvGef rsm;jym;vSol jzpfonf/ a&Smifvifausmif;awmf twGif; ol pwif0ifa&muf&Sdonfh aeYrSpí ol\ bufawmfom;rsm;udk wdwfwqdwf arG;jrLawmhonf/ þodkY pepfwus arG;jrLxm;ojzifh csef;cGef;\ vlrsm;onf a&Smifvifausmif;wkduftwGif; tiftm; tawmf twef pkrdaecJhNyD jzpfonf/ csefcGef;\ tpDtpOfrSm þaeYü &SufpGef;udk owfí e*g;Ekdif"m;udk t&,lrnf/ a&mufvmonfh odkif;orm;rsm;udk tcsif;csif; aoG;acsmif;pD;rQ tcsif;csif; owfjzwfapNyD; aemufqHk;wGif cHk;0efq&mawmfMuD;udkyg owfjzwfNyD; olu a&Smifvifausmif;awmfwGif ausmif;xkdif q&mawmfMuD; *dkPf;csKyf q&mawmfMuD;t&mudk qufcHrnf[k pDpOfxm;jcif; jzpfayonf/ odkYaomf ,aeYtzkdY olY tpDtpOfrsm; wpfckNyD;wpfck vGJacsmfvsuf &SdaeacsNyD/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap csefcGef;onf tcGifhtvrf;omonfESihf xGufajy; wdrf;a&Smif&ef tqifoifh jyifqif xm;NyD; jzpfonf/ a&Smifvif ausmif;awmfwGif ol\ vlrsm;udk tjrpfwG,fatmif arG;jrLxm;NyD; jzpfí olYtaejzifh ta0;rS pDpOf nTefMum;Edkifonfom jzpfonf/ 925
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkYaomf &SufpGef;\ em;onf tvGef yg;onf/ csefcGef;\ vuf0g; ½kdufoHrS xGufay:vmaom avvIdif;oHudk Mum;½Hrk Qjzifh csecf eG ;f onf olYaemufausmo h Ykd ckeaf usmf a&Smifwrd ;f oGm;aMumif; odvu dk o f nf/ xkYd aMumifh csucf si;f vkv d ydk if aemufausmbufodkY aemufjyef ajcaxmufjzifh uefkvdkufawmhonf/ csefcGef;onf &SufpGef;\ aemufjyefuefcsufudk a&SmifxGufvdkufonf/ NyD;rS tay:pD;rS ckeftkyfwkdufckduf awmhonf/ &SufpGef;onf csefcGef;\ tay:pD; ½kdufcsufudk aumif;pGm odvkdufojzifh atmufrSvSefí wefjyef½kdufcsuf wpfckudk jyKvkyfvkdufonf/ csefcGef;onf olY pdwfwkdif;us r½kdufEkdifojzifh avxJwGif wpfywfuRrf;xkd;um ayghyg;pGm a&SmifxGufoGm;onf/ olwkdYESpfa,muf wkdufcdkufyHkonf nDrQrI &SdMuonf/ wpfa,mufu tjrefwkdufcdkufvQif wpfa,mufu tjrefwkdufckdufNyD; wpfa,mufu aES;auG;oGm;vQif wpfa,mufuvnf; aES;auG;pGm wkdufawmhonf/ þodkYjzifh odkif;uGufaygif; ckESpfq,fausmf oGm;onf/ &SufpGef;onf rsufpdrjrifaomfvnf; csefcGef;\ okdif;uGuftm;vHk;udk uRrf;usifNyD;om jzpfaeí aumif;pGm jyefvnf ckcHEkdifayonf/ odkYaomf uGmjcm; csufwpfckawmh &Sdayonf/ csefcGef;onf touft½G,f tkd;rif&ifha&mfvmjcif;ESifh &SufpGef;onf a&cJrD;awmif&Sd tvGefat;pufaom &moDrsm;ü twGif;tm;usifhcJhí tvGefwdk;wuf jrifhrm;aejcif;wkdYyif jzpfonf/ xdkokdY uGmjcm;rIaMumifh csefcGef;onf &SufpGef;xuf odkif;ynmwGif ykdkrdk awmfoljzpfaomfvnf; &SufpGef;udk wkd;awmif;aom tcsdeftwGif; tjywftowf tEdkifrwkdufEdkifjcif;yif jzpfawmhonf/ &SufpGef;onf csefcGef;tay: emusnf;rkef;wD;aom pdwf"mwfudk pmzGJUí rjyEdkifay/ ,ck oltifrwef emusn;f rke;f wD;aeolEiS hf vufawGU wku d yf q JG ifae&NyD/ xkw d u dk yf w JG iG f &Supf eG ;f taejzihf taotvJ wku d cf u dk f vdrrhf nf[k [lusif; wGufqxm;ojzifh owdESifh Munhfaerdonf/ odkYaomf &SufpGef;\ wkdufuGufrsm;rSm tjywftowf wkdufuGufrsKd; r[kwfbJ wnfwnfjidrfjidrfjzifh cHppfudk pepfwus cif;usif; ckcHaeaom wkdufuGufrsKd;om jzpfaMumif; [lusif; awGUae&ayonf/ xkdtcsufudk yxrwGif [lusif; oabmraygufrdaomfvnf; aemufrS wjznf;jznf; oabmayguf vmawmhonf/ olYtazMuD; &SufpGef;rSm ,ckwkdufyGJtwGuf owdESifh OmPfynmudk ,SOfwGJtoHk;cs aejcif; jzpfonf/ csefcGef;onf olYxuf odkif;ynm ykdawmfol jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh vHk;0 tvsifpvkd tavmwMuD; rvkyf&J? xkdYtjyif þwpfMudrfonf olYtwGuf aemufqHk;tMudrf &&Sdonfh r[mhr[m wkHYjyefa&; tcGifhta&;MuD;yif jzpfawmhonf/ tu,fí owd0d&d, ayghqcJhvQif olY... rdom;pktwGuf aemifwGif rnfodkYrQ wkHYjyefEkdifawmhrnf r[kwfacs/ xkdYaMumifh þrQ aoG;at;at;ESihf pepfwus ckcHaejcif; jzpfaMumif;[lí em;vnf oabmaygufoGm;onf/ ]]'gu igwkdY*dkPf;&JU ckESpfqifh vufoD;odkif;yJ}} &SufpGef;onf vufoD;ESpfvHk;ukd qifhxkd;vkdufaomtcg tvGef jyif;xefvSonfudk awGUvkdufMu&onf/ xkdtcsif;t&mudk awGUvkduf& aom cHk;wHk*dkPf;om;rsm;onf tvGef wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;oGm;Muonf/ trSefpifppf ckESpfqifh vufoD;odkif;ynmrSm cHk;wHk*dkPf;\ trGefjrwfxm;aom ynmjzpfonf/ &SufpGef;u olwdkY*kdPf;rS xkdokdif;ynmudk ckd;,l oifMum;jcif;om jzpfonf/ odkYaomf ,ck &SufpGef; toHk;jyKvkdufaom ckESpfqifhvufoD; odkif;onf rl&if;pGJ vufoD;odkif;xuf tqaygif;rsm;pGm jyif;xefí omvGefaeonf/ csefcGef;onf nmvuf0g;jzifh &SufpGef;\ vufoD;udk vsifjrefpGm umvkdufonf/ xkdtcg ]bef;}ceJ jrnf[nf;oGm;NyD; csefcGef;onf taemufbufodkY ajcvSrf;oHk;vSrf; qkwfoGm;&awmhonf/ tvGef jyif;xefvSaom vufoD;ygay/ &SufpGef;rSmrl wpfcsufuav;rQ rwkefvIyfcJhacs/ xkt d cg ab;rSvrl sm;u wcJeuf Mobmay;vku d Mf uawmhonf/ þ Mobmay;vku d o f nfh vltrsm;pkMuD;onf vlwumukd avQmufowfaeaom &SufpGef;udk ,cifu tMuD;tus,f rkef;wD;½THU&Smaeolrsm; jzpf Muonf/ ,ckrl &Supf eG ;f ESihf csefceG ;f wkYd \ ZmwfaMumif;udk od&o dS mG ;Mu NyD; jzpfí &Supf eG ;f udk tawmfrsm;rsm;u cGiv hf w T Mf uNyD; &Supf eG ;f yif tEkdif &apcsifaeMuonf/ &SufpGef;onf a&SUodkY ajcESpfvSrf; xyfwufjyefum aemufxyf vufoD;ESpfcsuf xyfxkd;vkdufjyefonf/ csefcGef;onfvnf; ol\ vuf0g;jzifh xyfum&jyefonf/ ]bef;} ceJ jrnf[nf;oGm;jyefum aemufodkY oHk;vSrf;rQ qkwfoGm;&jyefawmhonf/ 928
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf tajctaerSefudk xkd;xGif;odjrifvkduf&aomtcg olY tazMuD; &SufpGef;twGuf tvGefyif pdk;&drfoGm;awmhonf/ ol\ pdwfxJwGif ... ]][m ...'ku©yJ? csefcGef;[m y&d,m,f a00kpfMuG,f0wJh ae&mrSmawmh ESpfa,mufr&SdwJhvlyJ? olu a&Smifvif*kdPf;&JU aepMum twGif;tm;udk toHk;jyKNyD; ckcHxm;wmudk;}} &SufpGef;onf ckESpfqifh vufoD;okdif;udk tavmwMuD; avhusifhrdcJhojzifh ol\ cE¨mudk,fwGif twGif;'Pf&mrsm; &cJh&onf/ xkdtwGif; 'Pf&mrsm;onf ckESpfqihf vufoD;odkif;udk xkwfoHk;cJhonhf tcgwkdif; topfwpfzefjyefvnf 'Pf&m&apEkdifonf/ csefcGef;onf xkdtcsufudk odxm;ayonf/ xkdYaMumifh wrifowfowfyif ½JI;edrfhcJhonfhyrm [efaqmifNyD; &SufpGef;\ ckESpfqifhvufoD; okdif;rsm;udk xkwfoHk;apjcif; jzpfonf/ ol\ cE¨mudk,f vHkNcHKa&;twGufrl aepMum twGif;tm;odkif;jzifh ckcH umuG,fxm;onf/ &SufpGef;url csefcGef;\ y&d,m,fudk vHk;0 &dyfrdjcif; r&Sday/ xdkYaMumifh q,fcsufwdwd qufwkduf xkd;vdkufonf/ csefcGef;url xHk;pH twdkif;aemufodkY ajcvSrf;tawmf rsm;rsm; qkwfcGmoGm;onf/ xkdjrifuGif;ukd Munhfjrif&onfh y&dowftzdkY &SufpGef;u zdwkdufvsuf tEdkif,laeonf[k rSwfxifzG,f&m &Sdaeonf/ wu,fwrf; tm;jzifhrl &SufpGef;üom twGif;'Pf&mrsm; &aecJhjcif; jzpfonf/ þtcsufudk y&dowftaejzifh rnfolrQ rod&SdEkdifMuay/ xkdpOf csefcGef;onf ol\ ajcaxmufudk atmufbufrS rodrom MuGí &SufpGef;udk uefxnfhvkdufonf/ þuefcsufü avoH vHk;0 rMum;vkduf&ojzifh &SufpGef;taejzifh MudKwifcefYrSef; od&SdEkdifcJhjcif; r&SdcJhay/ [lusif;url atmfí owday;vkdufonf/ ]]tazMuD; ...atmufrSm ajcaxmuf ...ajcaxmuf}} &Supf eG ;f onf [lusif;\ atmfou H kd Mum;vku d &f aom tcg ½kww f &uf xdwv f efYomG ;awmhonf/ csufcsif;yif aemufodkY ckefí a&Smifvkdufonf/ odkYaomf xkdtcsdefwGif csefcGef;\ vuf0g;u &SufpGef;\ &if0&Sd&m odkY jznf;nif;pGm a&muf&SdvmNyD; teD;odkY a&muf&Sdaom tcgusrS ½kwfw&uf twGif;tm;udk oHk;í ½kdufcsvkdufawmhonf/ &SufpGef;tzkdY avoHudk vHk;0 Mum;&jcif; r&Sdojzifh ra&Smifwdrf;EkdifawmhbJ aemufokdY vJusoGm;&awmhonf/ csefcGef;onf ajcaxmufjzifh &SufpGef;\ acgif;udk qufwkdufvkdvkdyif qufí uefvkdufonf/ &SufpGef;onf uref;uwef;yif ab;odkY vSdrfhvdkuf&awmhonf/ ol rwfwwf&yfEkdifcsdefwGif ol\ EIwfcrf;axmifhrS aoG;rsm; pD;usaeawmhonf/ csefcGef;url wpfcsufrQ vIyf&Sm;rI r&Sdawmh/ jidrfoufvsuf &yfae awmhonf/ twefMumrS ol\ b,fbufvuf0g;udk wa½GUa½GU jznf; nif;pGm a&SUodkY qefYxkwfvkdufonf/ wu,fwrf;tm;jzifh &SufpGef;u csefcGef;tm; wkdufcdkufaejcif;rSm avoHudk em;axmifNyD; wkdufckdufaejcif;om jzpfonf/ avvIdif;\ vIyf&Sm;oHukd rMum;&ygu &SufpGef;taejzifh rnfodkY wkdufcdkufrIukdrQ jyKvkyfEkdifrnf r[kwfay/ ,ck csefcGef;u odkif;uGufukd jznf;nif;pGmxkwfí wdkufckdufjcif;\ tusKd;aus;Zl;udk od&SdoGm;aomtcg vHk;0 toHrjyKawmhbJ avoH rMum;atmif xdef;í wkdufckdufawmhonf/ xk d t cg &S u f p G e f ; tzk d Y ck c H & cuf v monf / csef c G e f ; \ vuf 0 g;rsm;onf &S u f p G e f ; \ a&S U em;od k Y a&mufvmonfhtcgusrS ½kwfw&uf csufcsif; vuf0g;udkvSefvkdufum &SufpGef;\ ycHk;udk ½kdufcsvkdufonf/ &SufpGef;onf ,drf;,kdifoGm;NyD; xyfrH wkdufckdufjcif; jyKrvmEkdifatmif MudK;pm;umuG,f ae&awmhonf/ xkdtcg ab;ywfvnf&Sd odkif;orm;rsm;u atmf[pf uefYuGuf Muawmhonf/ ]]csefcGef; ...rif; ,kwfrmvScsnf;vm;? rsufpd rjrifwJhvludk 'Denf;eJY wkdufckduf&ovm; vl,kwfrma&? rif;rSm t&Suf r&Sdbl;vm;? &SufpGef; ajymwm trSefawGcsnf;aerSmyJ? tck Munhfygvm;? csefcGef;[m olY ,kwfrmrIawGudk xkwfjyaewm}}
929
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; csefcGef;u rnfodkYrQ *½krpdkufacs/ w&m;onf jzpfap? rw&m;onf jzpfap? ,kwfrmonf jzpfap? awmfwnfh ajzmifhrSefonf jzpfap? rnfonfh enf;ESihfjzpfjzpf &SufpGef; ao&efom OD;wnfcsufxm;ol jzpfayonf/ xkdYaMumifh ol\ vufudk jznf;nif;pGm qefYxkwfvkdufjyefonf/ &SufpGef;url ol\ vufESpfbufudk &ifbwfa&SUwGif uefYvefjzwf taetxm;jzifh umuG,fxm;NyD; avoHudk em;pGifhaeonf/ csefcGef;\ vufwpfcsuf vSefvdkufonfESihf &SufpGef;onf uref;uwef; umuG,f vkduf&jyefonf/ y&dowftwGif;ü pdwfaomu a0'em tMuD;tus,f cHpm;ae& olrSm [lusif;yif jzpfawmhonf/ olonf olY tazMuD;\ a&SUa&;udk MudKwif jrifaerdonf/ þtwdkif;om qufvufwkdufcdkufoGm;ygu olYtazMuD; &SufpGef;onf csefcGef;\ vufcsufjzifh rkcs ao&ayawmh rnf jzpfonf/ ,ck wkdufyGJonf omrefwkdufyGJr[kwf/ urÇmraus&efNidK;wkdufyGJ jzpfaeí olY taejzifh 0ifa&mufwkdufckduf&ef rnfoYdkrQ rjzpfEidk af wmhacs/ ol 0ifa&mufwu dk cf u kd v f Qiv f nf; olYtazMuD; &Supf eG ;f u vH;k 0 cGijhf yKvdrrhf nf r[kwaf Mumif; [lusif; odonf/ xkdYaMumifh olYtazMuD;twGuf [lusif;tzdkY MuD;pGmaom pdk;&drfylyefrIMuD;udk cHpm;ae&jcif; jzpfawmhonf/ xkdpOf ...tHhMopzG,f wpfrdk;vHk; arSmifrnf; vmavawmhonf/ vlwpfcsKdUu atmf[pfvkdufMuonf/ ]]aeMuwfNyD ...aeMuwfNyD}} [lusif;onf OD;acgif;udk armhí aumif;uifMuD;udk Munhfvkdufonf/ aerif;MuD;onf w&Sdef&Sdef rawmufyEkdifawmh/ wpfjcrf;rQonf rnf;arSmifp jyKaeayNyD/ wu,fyif aeMuwfawmhrnf vu©Pm yifwnf;/ puúefYESifhtrQyif aevHk;MuD;onf wjznf;jznf; aysmufuG,fp jyKvmawmhonf/ y&dowfMuD;twGif;&Sd vlwpfcsKdUonfvnf; aMumuf½GHUp jyKvmMuNyD/ xkdacwf xdktcgu vlrsm;tzdkY aeMuwfjcif;? vMuwfjcif; oabmukd wdusaocsmpGm rod&SdMuojzifh xkdodkY aeMuwfvmcsdefrsm;wGif vGefpGm aMumuf½GHUwufMuayonf/ y&dowfMuD;onf vIyfvIyf&G&G jzpfvsuf &Sdae Muonf/ xkdpOf ausmufrdefu atmf[pfvkdufonf/ ]]csefcGef; ...&Sif[m raumif;rIawG vkyfcJhwm rsm;vGef;vkdY tck bk&m;ocifu &Sihfudk 'Pfcwfawmhr,f? tck wpfavmuvHk; rnf;arSmifvmwm awGUvm;? 'g[m &SifhtwGuf aoaeYapa&mufNyDvkdYjywJh trSwftom;yJ}} csefcGef;onf pdwf"mwf rmaMumcufxefol jzpfí rnfonhftcgrQ aMumufvefYjcif; r&SdcJhay/ ,ck ausmufrdef\ atmf[pfoH Mum;vdkuf& onfhtcgwGifrl xdwfvefY wkefvIyfoGm;&awmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh &SufpGef; tm; ESpfcsufrQ quf½kdufNyD; awmifatmufokYd ajy;qif;oGm;&ef pdwful;vkdufonf/ xkdpdwful;t& uref;uwef; 0ifa&muf wkdufckdufav awmhonf/ &SufpGef;onf csefcGef;\ ½kwfw&uf ajymif;vJoGm;aom wkdufuGufaMumifh csefcGef;\ tMuHtpnfudk cefYrSef;rdawmhonf/ &SufpGef;onf csefcGef;tm; vHk;0 tcGmrcHawmhbJ twif; yl;uyf wkdufcdkufaeav awmhonf/ w0if;0if; wxdefxdef awmufyaecJhaom aerif;MuD;onfvnf; vHk;0 aysmufuG,foGm;acsNyD/ Moumo avmuMuD; wpfckvHk; vHk;0 rnf;arSmifoGm;awmhonf/ ½kwfw&uf tm;jzifh wpfOD;udk wpfOD;u rjrif rawGUEkdif avmufatmif rnf;arSmifoGm;cJh&avNyD/ a&Smifvifausmif;wdkuf awmifajc&Sd awmMuD;twGif;rS acG;trsm;? om;&J wd&pämefrsm;onfvnf; qGJqGJiifiif tljcif;? a[mifjcif;? [def;a[mufjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfaeMuawmhonf/ odik ;f orm;rsm;onf owÅ&d o dS rl sm; jzpfMuaomfvnf; þodYk aeYcif; aMumifawmif vif;xdeaf e&mrS ½kww f &uf rnf;arSmifoGm;jcif;udk MuHKawGU&onfhtcgwGifrl aMumufpdwfrsm; 0ifvmMuawmhonf/ [lusif;onfyif ausmufrdef aMumuf½GHUaernfpdk;ojzifh vufuav;udk qkyfudkifxm;vkdufrdav\/ olYtazMuD; &SufpGef;\ tajctaeudk tpGrf;ukef pl;pdkufMunhfaomfvnf; vHk;0 jrifawGU&jcif; r&Sdawmhay/ xkdtcsdefü csefcGef;onfvnf; rsufuef;wpfa,muf yrm jzpfae&acsNyD/ aepMuwfpOfu &SufpGef;\ cE¨mukd,fudk ½dk;wkd;&dyfwdwf jrifaecJh& ao;aomfvnf; aevHk;0 MuwfoGm;onfh tcgwGifrl tjcm;olrsm;uJhokdYyif vHk;0 rjrifEdkifawmhbJ wavmuvHk; rnf;arSmifaeonfudkom odae&awmhonf/
930
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; &Supf eG ;f \ cE¨muk, d u f v kd nf; vH;k 0 rawGUjrif&awmh/ csefceG ;f onf aemufoYkd ckeq f w k í f &Supf eG ;f ESifh a0;&modYk xGufajy;&ef pdwful;vkduf rdonf/ odkYaomf &SufpGef;onf vHk;0 tcGifhta&; ray;awmhay/ w[kefwkd; 0ifa&mufyl;uyf wkdufckdufawmhonf/ tarSmifurÇmMuD;xJü vufoD;rsm;\ avwkd;oHudkom Mum;ae&NyD; ½kwfw&uf ]tm;] ceJ emusifpGm atmfvdkufonfh toHwpfoHudk Mum; vkduf&onf/ csefcGef;\ toHyifwnf;/ csecf eG ;f \ &ifbwfwiG f ckEpS q f ifh vufo;D uGuw f pfcsuf txk;d cHvu dk &f NyD;aemuf þodYk pl;&SpmG atmfvu dk rf jd cif; jzpfayonf/ csefcGef;onf ½kwfw&uf pOf;pm;rdvkdufonf/ rdrd twGif;'Pf&m &&SdoGm;NyDukd &SufpGef;vnf; odoGm;ayNyD/ rdro d m aemufoYkd ckeí f quf a&Smifygu &Supf eG ;f \ aemufxyfvufo;D ESpcf suf txk;d cH&zG,f &Sad e onf/ xkt d awG;udk awG;rdvkdufaomtcg csefcGef;onf aemufokdY rqkwfawmhbJ ae&mwGifyif MuHhMuHhcH &yfwnfaevkdufawmhonf/ csufcsif;yif teD;uyf wkdufuGufrsm;udk toHk;jyKawmh\/ tcsKyftudkif? tvdrftcsKd;? tqGJtayguf paom odkif;uGufrsKd;udkom toHk;jyK awmhonf/ þodkYaom teD;uyf wkdufuGufrsm;tzdkY &efoludk jrifawGUae&ef rvkday/ rnfonfhae&m xdxd? xdvkdufrdonfESifh csufcsif;yif qGJvdrf udkifaygufypfEkdifayonf/ csefcGef;enf;wlyif &SufpGef;onfvnf; þ wkdufuGufrsm;twkdif; ajymif;vJ wkdufckdufawmhonf/ xkdtcg tarSmifurÇmMuD;twGif; olwdkY ESpfa,muf\ vufcsif; csdwfoH? ½kdufcwfoH? udkifaygufoH? rmefoGif;atmfoH rsm;udk Mum;ae& awmhonf/ [lusif;tzkdY pdk;&drfylyefrI txdwftxdyfodkY a&muf&Sdae&avonf/ olY tazMuD; &SufpGef;tm; 0ifa&mufu,fwifvkduf\/ odkYaomf rdrdudk,fwkdif rnfonfh t&mudkrQ rawGUrjrif&/ tuef;wpfa,mufES,f jzpfae&acsNyD/ &SufpGef;url aeMuwfoGm;NyD qkdonfudk vHk;0 rodacs/ olY tzdkY ,cifuvnf; arSmifaeonf/ ,ckvnf; arSmifaeonf/ xkdYaMumifh aeMuwfjcif;onf olYtzkdY rnfodkYrQ rxl;jcm;/ odkYaomf ...csefcGef;\ wkdufuGufrsm; A&rf;ywm jzpfvmonfudk odvkduf&NyD; vlawGu aeMuwfaeNyD[k atmfvkdufonfh pum;rsm;udk Mum;&jcif;wkdYudk qufpyf pOf;pm;vkdufaomtcg tajctaerSefudk aumufcsufcs tajzxkwfEdkifvkdufonf/ olrsufpd uef;cJhonfrSm tESpfESpfq,fausmfcJhNyD jzpfonf/ xkd tESpfESpfq,ftwGif; tMum;tm½Hkudkom tm;xm;í vlYavmuMuD; twGif;ü aexkdifcJh&onf/ wenf;tm;jzifh ol\ em;udkrsufpd tpm; tpm;xkd;NyD; aexkdif avhusifhcJh&ojzifh usifhom; &aeavNyD/ csecf eG ;f tzdYk rmS rl &Supf eG ;f ESihf ajymif;jyef jzpfaeonf/ avmuMuD; wpfciG v f ;kH rnf;arSmifomG ;aomtcg rsuu f ef; jzpfcgp vlwpfa,muf uJhodkY pdk;&drfwMuD; aMumufvefYwMum;jzifh y&rf;ywm umuG,f ae&awmhonf/ xkYd aMumifh &Supf eG ;f tzdYk tcGit hf a&;rsm;pGm tom&&So d mG ;í csefceG ;f onf &Supf eG ;f \ ckEpS q f ifh vufo;D wpfcsuf txkd;cHvkduf&awmhav onf/ ,cktcg ESpaf ,mufpvH;k teD;uyf wku d cf u dk af e Mu&NyD/ ½kww f &uf &Supf eG ;f \ vufEpS b f ufonf csefceG ;f \ cg;udk wpfbuf wpfcsuf qkyfudkifrdoGm;awmhonf/ csefcGef;onf tcGifhta&;wpfck &vkdufNyD jzpfojzifh ],m;} [k rmefoGif; atmf[pfvkdufum nmbufvufñSKd; vufcv,fESpfacsmif;wkdYu &SufpGef;\ rsufvHk;rsm;udk xkd;azmufvkduf awmhonf/ ,if;tuGufonf csefcGef;\ tvGefw&m aumif;rGefvSaom wkdufuGufyif jzpfawmhonf/ tu,fí &SufpGef;taejzihf acgif;udkwdrf;í ab;odkYa&SmifvkdufvQif ol\ vuf0g;udk vTJ½kdufvkduf½HkrQjzifh &SufpGef;\ em;xifaMumudk xdxd rdrd ½kdufEdkifayawmhonf/ odYk aomf ...xl;qef; tHMh ozG,f tcsif;t&mudk csefceG ;f awGU&avNyD/ csefceG ;f arQmfvifx h m;ouJo h Ykd &Supf eG ;f onf vHk;0 a&Smifwdrf;jcif; rjyKbJ csefcGef;uJhokdYyif],m;}ceJY atmfvkdufum vufñSKd; vufcv,f ESpfacsmif; jzifh csefcGef;\ rsufvHk;rsm;udk xkd;azmufvkdufawmhonf/ csefceG ;f onf ol\ vufEpS af csmif;u &Supf eG ;f \ rsufv;kH rsm;udk xk;kd azmufvu dk rf ad om tcgusrS MuD;rm;aom aemifwudk &vkdufrdavawmhonf/ 931
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; aemifw qko d nfh pum;onf tcsed v f eG o f nfh tcgusro S m &avh &So d nfh twkid ;f ,ckvnf; tcsed v f eG cf ahJ vNyD/ olYvufacsmif;rsm;u &SufpGef;\ rsufvHk;rsm;udk xkd;azmufvkduf onfh tcsdefESifh ra&S;raESmif;yif &SufpGef;\ vufEpS af csmif;u rdr\ d rsufv;kH rsm;udk xk;d azmufomG ;cJNh yD jzpfayonf/ ol\ rsufv;kH rsm; aygufuyJG sufp;D oGm;cJah csNyD/ &SufpGef;uJhodkYyif tuef; wpfa,muf jzpfoGm;cJh& acsNyD/ &SufpGef;onf tuef;b0 a&mufaeonfrSm MumNyDjzpfojzifh aeom;xkdifom; uscJhayNyD/ rdrdrSmrl ... csefcGef;onf qufí rawG;Ekdif awmhay/ xkdtcsdefrSmyif aeMuwfjcif; uG,faysmuf oGm;NyD jzpfojzifh aevHk;MuD; wjznf;jznf;ESifh ay:vmaeawmhonf/ wpfavmuvHk;udk tvif;a&mif aejcnfwef;rsm; vTrf;NcHKvmawmh\/ xkdtcg &SufpGef;ESifh csefcGef;wkdY rsufESmcsif;qdkif &yfvsuf &SdaeMuavNyD/ ESpfa,mufpvHk; &&Sdxm;aom 'Pf&mrsm;onf twlwlyif jzpfMu onf/ rsufvHk;rsm; aygufuGJysufpD;aeMuNyD; aoG;rsm; ,dkpD;usaeonf/ odkYaomf &SufpGef;rSmrl ,cifuwnf;u rsufpDrsm; aygufuGJysufpD;NyD; om; jzpfaeonf/ rsufpdtjriftm; vHk;0 qHk;½IH;cJhNyD;ol jzpfaeonf/ ,ck xdk;azmufcH&csdefwGif ta&jym;'Pf&mavmufom cHpm;&jcif; jzpfayonf/ rnfodkYrQ epfemjcif; r&Sday/ csefcGef;rSmrl yuwd rsufpdtaumif; qHk;½HI;&ol jzpfojzifh epfem vSayonf/ &SufpGef;onf ceJYNyHK;NyHK;í ar;vkdufonf/ ]]csefcGef; ...uef;wJh t&om[m awmfawmf aumif;&JUvm;uG? tck rif;vJ tuef;b0 a&mufoGm;NyD qkdawmh tuef;awGudk em;vnfoGm; NyDayghuGm}} &SufpGef;onf ajymajymqkdqkdjzifh ol\ vufoD;jzifh csefcGef;udk ]0kef;}ceJY xkd;csvkdufawmhonf/ csefcGef;onf rjrifruef;jzifh uref;uwef; umuG,f vkdufonf/ odkYaomf &SufpGef;\ vufoD;onf csefcGef;\ &ifbwfudk ]0kef;} ceJY xdcdkufoGm;awmhonf/ xkdtcg csefcGef;onf aemufbufodkY vGifhpOf xGufoGm;NyD; ]a0gh}ceJY aoG;rsm; xkd;tefvdkufawmhonf/ &SufpGef;onf a&SUodkY wufí tNyD;owf yGJodrf; vufoD;udk xkd;&ef csdef&G,fvdkufonf/ odkYaomf olrxkd;&ao;rD wkacgq&mMuD;xHrS bk&m;pm &GwfqkdoHrsm; MunfndKemaysmfzG,f&m xGufay:vm awmhonf/ &SufpGef;\vufoD;onf csdefaNr§mufxm;&mrS csefcGef;udk rxkd;jzpf awmhbJ wjznf;jznf; atmufokYd usoGm;awmhonf/ &SufpGef;u ... ]]rif; uHaumif;w,f? igu rif;udk ckESpfqifh vufoD;okdif;eJY q,fhoHk;csufwdwd xkd;r,fvkdY &nf&G,fxm;wm? 'gayr,fh tck rif;&JU odik ;f ynmawG tm;vH;k ig zsufq;D ypfvu dk Nf yD;NyD? igh vufo;D udk aoG;tefatmif txk;d cH&NyD;aemuf rif;rSm bmodkif;ynmrS rusefEkdifawmhbl;? tckqkd&if rif;vJ 'kud©w jzpfoGm;NyD? uJ ...rif; bmtpGrf;eJY raumif;rI awGjyKEkdifawmhrSmvJ 'gaMumifh rif;udk ig rowfawmhygbl;}} xkdtcg ab;ywfvnf&Sd odkif;orm;tm;vHk; vkdvkdyif &SufpGef;tm; csD;usL;Muawmhonf/ &SufpGef;onf ½kwfw&uf xkdifcsvkdufNyD; wpfpHkwpfckudk pl;pl;pkdufpkdufjzifh w&m;xkdifonfhyrm xkdifaeawmhonf/ xkd w'*FtwGif; &SufpGef;\ cE¨mukd,frS t½kd;rsm;\ NzdK;NzdK;zspfzspfjrnfoH rsm;udk xdwfvefYpzG,f Mum;vkdufMu&onf/ [lusif;onf rarQmfvifhaom tjzpfaMumifh Muufaoao&if; ai;armaerdawmhonf/ taMumif;rSm &SufpGef;onf ol\ odkif;ynmrsm;udk vHk;0 zsufqD; ypfvkdufaomaMumihf yifwnf;/ [lusif;onf xGufí wm;qD;&ef jyKvkdufrdaomfvnf; tcsdefrrDawmhay/ &SufpGef;onf ol\ &ifbwfudk wpfcsuf xkvkdufonf/ [lusif;onf tem;odkY a&mufaeNyDjzpfí &SufpGef;\ vufudk zrf;udkifvkdufrdonf/ twGif;tm;[lí vHk;0 r&Sdawmhay/ &SufpGef;onf csefcGef;udk ajymvkdufonf/ ]]csefcGef; ...rif;u igh&JU wpftdrfom;vHk;udk owfw,f? 'gaMumifh igu rif;&JU rsufvHk;udk azmufvkdufNyD;NyD? rif;&JU odkif;ynmudkvJ zsufqD;vkdufNyD;NyD? 'Dawmh ...igh&JU taMuG;udk acsEdkifcJhNyDvdkY owfrSwfvkdufNyD}} 932
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; &SufpGef;onf ol\ pum;rsm;udk wnfjidrfav;eufpGm ajymaejcif; jzpfonf/ ol\ rqHk;ao;aom pum;udk xyfqufvkdufonf/ ]]csefcGef; ...rif;u ighudk odkif;ynmawG oifay;cJhw,f r[kwfvm;? tck ig cE¨mudk,fxJrSm &SdorQ odkif;ynmawGudk zsufqD;vdkufoHawGudk rif;Mum;ygvdrfhr,f? 'Dawmh rif;eJY ig[m aus;Zl;&SdwJh vlawGvJ r[kwf Muawmhbl;? &efaMuG;&SdwJh vlawGvJ r[kwfMuawmhbl;? NyD;NyD? udpöawG tm;vHk; wpfcef;&yfoGm;NyD? rif;uvJ ighudk wpfoufvHk; rjrifEkdifawmhbl;? a&SUqufvJ bmrS &efjzpfp&m r&Sdawmhbl;}} csefcGef;rSmrl ol\ rsufpdESpfuGif;udk ol\ vufjzifh zHk;zdxm;onf/ rnfonfh pum;ukdrQ rajymEkdifawmhay/ raumif;rI [lonf raumif;rI jyKolxHodkY aemufqHk;wGif qkdufa&mufwufavonf/ odkif;orm;rsm; tm;vHk;onf pdwf0ifpm; vIyf&Sm;zG,f aumif;vSaom tjzpfwpf&yfudk tptqHk; awGUjrifvkduf&ojzifh jidrfoufpGm &yf MunhfaerdMuonf/ &SufpGef;onf toHudk Nr§ifhí ... ]]&SufpGef;vdkY trnfwGifwJh usKyf[m tjypfawG trsm;MuD; usL;vGefcJhol jzpfygw,f? trSefqkd&if usKyftzdkY 'Dtxd touf&SifaezdkY rxdkufygbl;? tck cifAsm;wkdYxJrSm usKyftwGufeJY aoqHk;cJh&olawG&JU aqGrsKd; rsm;&SdcJh&if xGufcJhMuyg? usKyfudk owfEdkifygNyD}} &SufpGef;onf y&dowfMuD;udk þodkY ajymNyD;onfESihf [lusif;bufodkY vSnhfvkdufonf/ ]][lusif; ...rif; 'DvlawGudk vHk;0 rwm;qD&bl;aemf? igh rSmwJh twkdif; rvkyf&ifawmh igb,fawmhrS cGifhrvGwfEkdifbl;}} [lusif;rSm rnfonfh pum;udkrQ rajymEkdifawmh/ rsuf&nfrsm; wawGawGom usqif;vsuf &Sdaeawmhonf/ xkdpOf vltkyfxJrS vlwpfa,muf xGufvmNyD; ... ]]&SufpGef; usKyftaz[m uRef;zl;ckefyJ? usKyftaz[m cifAsm;&JU vufoD;csufeJY toufxGufcJh&w,f? tck usKyftazhudk,fpm; wkHYjyefr,f}} &SufpGef;u ... ]][kwfygw,f? ig rSwfrdygw,f? rif;&JU tazudk wu,fowfrd cJhygw,f? rif;taeeJY ighudk owfEkdifygw,f}} xkdvlonf ol\"m;udk ½Trf;ceJY qGJxkwfvkdufonf/ a&SUodkY ESpfvSrf; avQmufvmonf/ [lusif;taejzifh pm;vnf;½I;? qkyfvnf;pl; jzpfaeacsNyD/ odkYaomf ol\ajcvSrf;rsm;onf tvdkvkdae&if; a&SUodkY ESpfvSrf;rQ wufvmonf/ &SufpGef;onf wif;rmpGm atmf[pfvkdufonf/ ]][lusif; ...'D vludkrif;wm;&if ighudk t½kdtao r&SdwJh om;vkdY ig owfrSwfvkdufr,f? rif; aemufqkwf vkdufprf;? ig aooGm;&if ajr tmufcef;udk qif;Munfh? rif; odcsifwmawG od&vdrfhr,f}} xkdtcg &SufpGef;udk owfrnfholonf "m;aNr§mifudkif&if;rS rsuf&nf NzdKifNzdKif usvmawmhonf/ olonf ½kwfw&uf &SufpGef;udk wpfcsuf wHawG; axG;vdkufNyD; ½SKdufoHjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]usKyf taz[m odkif;orm; odyfyDowJh odkif;orm;MuD; wpfa,mufyg? bmodkif;rS r&SdwJh vlwpfa,mufudk usKyf"m;eJY ckwfw,f qkdwmudkom wrvGefb0u usKyftaz odoGm;&if? usKyfudk tjypfwifawmhrSmyJ}} xkdolonf ol\"m;udk ]cRrf}ceJY ypfcsvkdufum rsuf&nfudk tkyfí ajy;xGufoGm;awmhonf/ xkdpOf rdef;uav;wpfa,muf 0ifvmjyefonf/ olronfvnf; &SufpGef;udk wHawG; wpfcsufaxG;um idk,kd xGufajy;oGm;jyefonf/ xkdjrifuGif;rsm;udk Munhfí [lusiftzkdY olYtazMuD; udk,fpm;? &ifemrqHk; jzpfrdawmhonf/ &SufpGef;url rnfonfh cHpm;csufudkrQ xkwfazmfrjy/ acgif;MuD;ikHYvsuf olYtjypfol cH,laeayonf/ vltkyfxJrS wpfa,mufNyD;wpfa,muf xGufvmMuNyD; wcsKdUu qJqdkMuonf/ wcsKdUurl ajcaxmufjzifh uefausmufMuonf/ &SufpGef; url acgif;MuD;ikHYNrJ ikHYvsufom/ xkdokdY ta,mufoHk;q,fceYf vufpm;acsMuNyD;aemuf vlMuD;wpfa,muf avQmufxGufvmum &SufpGef;udk t½kdtao ay;vkkdufNyD; ... 933
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]usKyfu wkduf½TD;yg? usKyf&JU *dkPf;wl tpfudkESpfa,mufudk cifAsm; owfcJhw,f? usKyfuawmh tJ'DtwGuf wkYH jyefrvkYd ygyJ? 'gayr,fh tck &Supf eG ;f &JU ol&aJ umif;yDowJh pdw"f mwfukd awGU&vkYd usKyfukd usKyfawmif jyef&u S rf w d ,f? usKyfvJ vlawGtrsm;MuD; owfcJhzl;w,fyJ? usKyfowfcJhwJh vlawG&JU aqGrsKd;rdwfo*F[awGuvJ usKyfudk wkHYjyefcsifMurSmyJ? usKyftaeeJY &SufpGef;vkd acgif;ikHYNyD; wkHYjyefrcH&Jwm trSefyJ? 'Dawmh usKyfrvkyf&JwJh tvkyfudk &J&J0Hh0HhvkyfNyD; acgif;ikHYcHaewJh &SufpGef;udk usKyf rowf awmhygbl;}} olonf ajymajymqkdqkdjzifh ol\"m;udk qGJxkwfvkdufNyD; xufydkif; csKd;vkdufum ajray:odkY ypfaygufNyD; xGufoGm;awmhonf/ xkt d cg odik ;f orm;tm;vH;k vIyv f yI &f &G G jzpfomG ;Muawmhonf/ xkv d \ l pum;udk Mum;vku d &f aom [lusif;tzkYd twdkif;rodaom 0rf;ajrmufrIudk cHpm;vkduf&onf/ xkdvlonf t&if;tjrpfudk xkd;azmufvsuf trSefuefqHk;aom opömpum;udk ajymoGm;jcif; yifwnf;/ aemufxyf wkHYjyefrIudk jycsifolrsm;tzdkYyif cufoGm;ayawmhonf/ owd&Å Sd&Sd tjypfudkcH,laeaom &SufpGef;tm; rn§mrwm wkHYjyefrI jyKvdkjcif;onf &SufzG,fvdvdaom tjyKtrlMuD; wpf&yftjzpf odkif;y&dowfxku tjrifayguf oGm;MuNyD jzpfonf/ odkYaomf 0gar*dkPf;rS r,foDv&Sif wpfyg;onf &SufpGef;\ a&SUodkY xGufvmum ... ]]uRefr a,mufusm;udk owfcJhwJh &efaMuG;udk wHawG;eJY axG;NyD; uRefrvJ ausat;vkdufyghr,f}} xkdr,fodv&Sifonf ajymajymqkdqkdjzifh &SufpGef;\ ezl;udk wHawG; jzifh ]xDG}ceJ axG;vkdufonf / odkYaomf xkdwHawG;onf tvGef t&Sdefjyif; xefvSNyD; wHawG;xJwGif oHcRefwpfacsmif; yg&Sdvmonf/ &SufpGef;onf avoHudk em;axmifvkdufonfESihf xkdtaMumif;udk odvkdufNyD jzpfonf/ odkYaomf olu vHk;0 a&Smifwdrf;jcif;rjyK? rxDw&D tNyHK;udkom qif,ifxm;NyD; Nidrfouf wdwfqdwfpGmaeonf/ ½kwfw&uf csufcsif;yif tusÐ t0ga&mif rdef;uav;u ckefxGufvmNyD; xkdoHacsmif;udk vufjzifh zrf;,lvkdufonf/ wpfjydKifeufyif qufí ar;vdkufonf/ ]]&SufpGef;tay:rSm &efaMuG;&Sdw,fvkdY ajymwJh 'Dq&mav;&JU emrnf b,fvkd ac:vJ}} xkd r,foDv&Sifonf olr\ tMuHtpnf ratmifjrifaomtcg olr\ rsufESmwGif pdk;&drfxdwfvefYrIrsm; ay:aygufvmawmhonf/ olr onf aMumufaMumufvefYvefYjzifh tusÐ t0g0wf rdef;uav;\ tar; udk ajzMum;vkdufonf/ ]]uRefremrnf ...usif;ausmuf}} tusÐ t0g0wf rdef;uav;u ... ]]usif;ausmufwJhvm; ...aumif;NyD? rif; oDv&Sif r0wfcifwkef;u rif;&JU a,mufusm;&JU emrnfu b,folwJhvJ? q&mMuD; &SufpGef;u b,fenf; b,fyHk owfcJhw,f qkdwmudkvJ &Sif;jyygOD;}} usif;ausmuf r,foDv&Sifonf olrtm; þodkY ppfppf aygufayguf ar;aeonfudk a'goxGufvm[efjzifh jyefatmfonf/ ]]&SifeJY bmqkdifvJ? &SifbmrS 0ifar;aep&m rvkdbl;? 'gu uRefr&JU udpöyJ? bmaMumifh &Sihfudk uRefru &Sif;jyae&rSmvJ}} ]]at; ...rif;u 'Dvkdpum;rsKd; ajymrSawmh iguvJ &Sif;jy&awmh rSmaygh? q&mMuD; &SufpGef;[m aemifw&vkdY tm;vHk;udk pdwfMudKuf wkHYjyef cGifhay;xm;w,f? &efNidK;&efaMuG;&SdcJhvkdY wkHYjyefwJhvlawGukdawmh igwkdYu xkdifMunhfae½HkyJ? q&mMuD;udk wHawG;eJY axG;½Hkru owfyJowfowf bmrS 0ifpGufp&m rvdkbl;? 'gayr,fh bm&efNidK;rS r&SdbJeJY wjcm; tMuHtpnf wpfckckaMumifh q&mMuD;ay;xm;wJh tcGifhta&;udk toHk;csNyD; EIwfydwfcsifvkdYawmh igwkdYu vufykdufMunhfraeEkdifbl;}} ]]uRefrrSm wjcm; bm&efNidK;rSr&Sdwm uRefru olYudk bmaMumifh EIwfydwf&rSmvJ}} usif;ausmufrSm olr ½kwfw&uf ajymvkdufonfh pum;rSm;,Gif; oGm;aMumif; odvkdufonfESifh uref;uwef; &yfypfvu dk &f onf/ olr onf rsufprd sufEmS ysufjzifh csLusL;udk wpfcsufrQ vSr;f Munhv f u dk rf o d nf/ xkt d cg tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;onf usif;ausmuf\ pum;udk zdeif;í ajymvkdufonf/ 934
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]uJ ...[kwfNyD? rif;ajymwJh pum;twdkif;yJ rif;eJY &SufpGef; bm&efNidK;rS r&SdbJeJY &SufpGef;udk bmjzpfvkdY owfcsif&wmvJ? uJ ...ajymprf;}} usif;ausmuf pum;qufrajymEkdifawmh? pum;qufajymvQif r[kwfrrSef vkyfMuHZmwfMuD;onf bl;ay:ovkd ay:vmayvdrfhrnf/ xkdY aMumifh uGufvyftjyifodkY xGufcGm&ef [efjyifvkdufonf/ tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;onf cufxefpGm atmf[pf wm;jrpf vkdufonf/ ]]a[h ...&yfvkdufprf;? 'Dvkd vG,fvG,feJY xGufoGm;vkdY &pwrf;vm;}} usif;ausmufonf &yfwefYjcif; rjyKbJ qufvufxu G cf mG aeojzifh tusÐ0g0wf rde;f uav;\ vufñKS ;d onf usif;ausmuf\ cg;aMumudk wpfcsuf xk;d vku d rf jd cif; jzpfí usif;ausmufrmS wpfu, kd v f ;kH aysmhacG usoGm;&awmhonf/ xkdtcgusrS tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;onf csLusL; bufodkY vSnfhí... ]]csLusL; ...rif;uawmh wu,fh rdef;uav;yJ? udk,fhtay: aumif;xm;wJh olawGtay:rSmawmif 'Davmuf&uf&ufpufpuf vkyfEkdifw,f? rif;&JU EIwfydwfcsifwJh tMuHtpnfuawmh wu,fhudk yufpufwJh tMuH tpnfygyJ}}
935
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(103) pkaygif;nDnm atmifaMumif;jzm tusÐ0g0wf rdef;uav;onf þrQ wdwdusus pGyfpGJajymMum; aeaomfvnf; csLusL;url olESifhvHk;0 roufqkdifonfhtvm; at;wd at;pufyif ajzMum;vkdufonf/ ]]usif;ausmufeJY uRefreJY bmqkdifwmrSwfvdkY usif;ausmuf olY &efNidK;eJY ol &SufpGef;udk oGm;&ef&SmwmyJ? b,frSm EIwfydwfvkdYvJ}} olronf wpfqufwnf;yif olr\ *dkPf;om;rsm;bufodkY vSnfhí ajymvkdufonf/ ]]'Dval wG tm;vH;k taumif;eJtqd;k udk vH;k 0 cGjJ cm;wwfwhJ vlawG r[kwb f ;l ? 'Davmuf todOmPfuif;rJah ewJh vlawGeJY igwkdY 0gar*dkPf; om;awG a&maESmaevkdY jzpfrSmr[kwfbl;? 'Dawmh tm;vHk; jyefMur,f}} 0gar*dkPf;om;rsm;onf csLusL;\ pum;aMumifh tm;vHk; xjyefMu awmhonf/ cHk;usd q&mawmfonf csefcGef;a&SUodkY avQmufvmNyD; ... ]]csefcGef; rif;&JU vlawG *dkPf;csKyfq&mawmfMuD; cHk;0efudk jyefvTwf ay;zdkY trdefYay;vkdufyg? wu,fvdkYom *dkPf;csKyfMuD; wpfckckjzpfoGm;&if rif;tzdkY tjypfydkMuD;oGm;vdrhfr,f}} csefcGef;url rckd;rceYf NyHK;&if; .. ]]tck tajctaeudk a&mufawmhrS bmxl;awmhrSmvJ? tm;vHk; aooGm;Mu&if ykdaumif;w,f? 'DtcsdefusrS cHk;0ef q&mawmfMuD;udk vTwfay;zdkY trdefYay;vdkY b,frDawmhrvJ? tckqkd&if a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif; wpfckvHk; rD;pGJaeavmufNyD}} 936
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; rGef*dkppfom;rsm;onf rD;pGJukefojzifh awmifatmufodkY tajy;tvTm; ajy;qif;Mu&mrS 'vdrfhaumufauG; usqif;oGm;Mu&awmhonf/ xkdaemuf rnfonfh rGef*dk ppfom;rQ awmifxdyfem;txd wufa&muf rvm&JMuawmhacs/ [lusif;onf opfyifMuD; wpfyif\ atmufajcwGif qdYk csif;pl;udk csvku d o f nf/ ajy;vTm;aeonfh tcsderf sm;wGif qdkYcsif;pl;'Pf&m tajctae ykdqkd;oGm; roGm; zGifhMunhf&ef pdwful;vkdufrdonf/ xkdYaMumifh csLusL;udk &SmazGMunhfrdonf/ csLusL;udk vHk;0 rawGU&/ [lusif;onf csLusL;udk rapmifhiJhawmhbJ ywfwD; rsm;udk ajzcsvkduf awmhonf/ ywfwD; tenf;i,f ajz&ao;onf/ tydkif;av;ydkif; usKd;aeaom "m;usKd;rsm; wcRrfcRrfjzifh xGufus vmawmhonf/ [lusif;onf tvefYwMum; atmf[pf vkdufrdawmhonf/ ]]e*g;Edkif"m; ...wdrfvTm"m; awGygvm;}} &efa&mif? a0&dESifh clwkd wdkYonfvnf; [lusif;\ atmfoHudk Mum; vkduf&aomtcg wkefvIyfoGm;MuNyD; [lusif;tem;odkY ajy;vTm;um a&muf&Sdvmawmhonf/ [lusif;onf e*g;Edkif"m;usKd;rsm;udk aumufudkifMunhfvkdufrdonf/ olY rsufpdxJwGif "m;usKd;rsm;udk rjrif/ þ"m;aMumifh ol\ rdbESpfyg; aoqHk;cJhMu&yHkudk jrifaerdonf/ þ"m;aMumifh odkif;orm;rsm;pGm touf aoqHk;cJhMu&yHkudk jrifaerdonf/ þ"m;aMumifh odkif;orm; tcsif;csif; pdwf0rf;uGJcJhMu&yHkudk jrifaerdonf/ þrQ 'ku©ay;cJhaom e*g;Ekdif"m;onf ,ck "m;½kyf ryDoawmh/ "m;usKd;wpfacsmif; jzpfaecJh&acsNyD/ [lusi;f onf usK;d oGm;onfh ae&mudk udik Mf unhv f u dk af omtcg vdP k af cgif; taygufi,fuav; jzpfaeonfukd awGUvkduf&onf/ xkd vdkPfacgif; taygufi,fuav;wGif t&m0wÅKwpfck &Sdaeonf/ wdrfvTm"m;onfvnf; xkdyHkpHktwdkif; usKd;aeaMumif; [lusif; awGUvkduf &onf/ &efa&mifu oufjyif;&SnfMuD; csvkdufum ... ]]csLusL;&JU odkif;ynm[m ½kwfw&uf 'Davmuf awmfvmwJh tcsuf udk tckrSyJ usKyfwkYd oabmayguf awmhw,f? 'D"m;awGxJu pmtkyfawG &oGm;vkdYudk;}} [lusif;onf ½kd;om;olwpfa,muf jzpfaomfvnf; EHktol wpfa,mufum; r[kwfacs/ tapmMuD; uwnf;uyif csLusL;tay: þ tcsufESifh yufowfí oHo, &SdcJhonfom jzpfayonf/ odkYaomf csLusL;udk oem;ojzifhom olYpdwfudk vSnfhpm;NyD; rodcsif [efaqmifae cJhjcif;om jzpfayonf/ [lusif;onf ywfwD;rsm;udk wpfvTmNyD;wpfvTm xyfajzjyefonf/ xkdtcg ywfwD;rsm;twGif;rS usrf;pmtkyf wpftkyf xGufvmjyefonf/ þ usrf;pmtkyfum; vpMum odkif;usifhpOf usrf;pmtkyfaywnf;/ þ odkif;usrf;pmtkyfrsm;aMumifh csLusL;onf wu,fxdyfwef; odkif;ynm&SifwpfOD; jzpfcJhayonf/ [lusif;onf okdif;pmtkyfudk zGifhírQyif rMunhfawmhbJ tdwfxJodkY xkd;oGif; odrf;qnf; xm;vkdufonf/ þusrf;pmtkyfukd wu,fyif vHkNcHKpGm odrf;qnf;xm;&ayrnf/ rormolrsm;\ vufxJ a&mufoGm;cJhvQifh vlom;rsm;twGuf wu,fyif tEÅ&m,f MuD;rm;vSonf/ ,ckyifMunhf? pdwf"mwfrmausm cufxefaeaom csLusL;\vufxJ odkif;usrf;pmtkyf a&muf&SdoGm;onfESifh aoG;oH&J&J zHk;vTrf;oGm; cJh&NyD r[kwfygvm;/ xkdpOf a½TtvHtzGJUacgif;aqmif [dkusifh a&muf&SdvmNyD; *dkPf;csKyf MuD; usef;[lusif;twGuf tvkd&Sdaumif; &Sdaernf[k ,lq&aom vl wpfa,muftaMumif; tpD&ifcHonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; ...uRefawmfwkdY&JU tzGJUom;awG txJrSm yef;yJq&m wpfa,muf&Sdygw,f? olu "m;awG? ykqdefawGudk aumif;aumif;vkyf wufygw,f? 'D "m;usKd;awGudk olYudk qufckdif;Munhf&if jzpfEkdifr,f xifw,f? rjzpfawmhvJ t½HI;r&Sdbl;vkdY ,lqrdygw,f *dkPf;csKyfMuD;}} [lusif;onf csufcsif;yif e*g;Edkif"m;udk vSrf;ay;vkdufonf/ wdrfvTm"m;usKd;ESpfykdif;ukdrl 0gar*dkPf;om; rsm;tm; ay;vkdufNyD; ... ]]'D"m;[m cifAsm;wkdY*dkPf;&JU ypönf;yJ? 'gaMumifhrkdY usKyfwkdYu Mum;xJu tacsmif0if r,lvkdbl;? cifAsm;wkdY&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD; csLusL;udk awGU&if olYvufxJudk tyfvkdufyg}} 942
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; twefMumaomtcg [dkusifhu e*g;Ekdif"m;udk ,lvmonf/ ol\ wpfudk,fvHk;wGif acR;rsm;pdk½TJvsuf &Sdaeonf/ [kdusifhonf tvGef 0rf;omtm;& avoHjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; ..."m;topfwpfacsmif; vkyf&wm rcufbl;? 'D"m;udk quf&wmuawmh tawmfhudk cufcJw,f? awmfygao;&JU cufayr,fh qufvkdYawmh &oGm;w,f}} [lusif;onf e*g;Ekdif"m;udk udkif&if; acwÅrQ pOf;pm;vkdufonf/ NyD;aemuf cHk;0ef q&mawmfMuD;xHokdY e*g;Ekdif"m;udk qufuyf vkdufonf/ þodkY qufuyf ay;tyf&jcif;\ taMumif;udkvnf; &Sif;jyvkduf onf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyf q&mawmfMuD; 'D"m;[m wynfhawmf tazMuD;&JU "m;ygyJ? tck tazMuD;[m a&Smifvif*dkPf;om; jzpfoGm;ygNyD? 'Dawmh 'D "m;udkvnf; a&Smifvif*kdPf;uyJ ykdifqkdifoifhygw,f? 'gaMumifh 'D"m;udk a&Smifvif*dkPf;udk ay;tyfjcif; jzpfygw,f}} cHk;0ef q&mawmfMuD;onf acgif;udk wGifwGif ,rf;jyaeonf/ ]]*dkPf;csKyfMuD; ajymwJhtwkdif;vJ [kwfaumif; [kwfrSmygyJ? 'gayr,fh 'D "m;usKd;uae wu,fh "m;aumif; jyefjzpf&wmuawmh *dkPf;csKyfMuD;&JU tvif;rmef*dkPf;aMumifhyJ? 'Dawmh 'D"m;udk *dkPf;csKyfMuD; wkdYyJ &,lykdifqkdif oifhygw,f}} xkdtcsdef odkif;orm; tm;vHk;vkdvkd [lusif;tm; cifrifav;pm; aeMuNyDjzpf&m olwkdYu cHk;0efq&mawmfMuD;\ ajymMum;csufukd axmufcHNyD; e*g;Edkif"m;udk [lusif;uom vufcHoifhaMumif; ajymMum;Mu awmhonf/ þ e*g;Ekdif"m;onfvnf; aMumufrufzG,f&m aumif;aom vufeufwpfck jzpfay&m [lusif;uJhodkY pdwfoabmxm; jrifhjrwfí odkif;ynmawmfol\ vufxJüom &Sdxm;oifhaMumif; tm;vHk;u ajymjy Muonf/ rormol wpfa,mufa,muf\ vufxJom a&mufoGm;vQif vlom;rsm;\ aoG;rsm; tcsnf;tESD; ajrc&ayvdrfhrnf/ tm;vH k ; u awmif ; yef a jymqd k aeaomaMumif h [l u sif ; onf rjiif ; qef a wmh b J e*g;Ek d i f " m;ud k vufcHvkduf&onf/ xkdudprö sm; NyD;pD;oGm;aomtcg rlv wm0efudk,fpD ,lxm;aom ae&mrsm;ü udk,fpD apmifhMuyfvsuf rGef*dkrsm; wufvmEdkifonfh vrf;rsm;odkY tm;vHk;u rsufawmif rcwfpwrf; apmifhMuyfMunhf½Ivsuf &SdaeMuawmhonf/
943
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(104) ajratmufcef;\½kyfyHkrsm; [lusif;onf &efa&mif? clwkd? ajrMuD;tvHtzGJU acgif;aqmif &,foef;ESifh ausmufrdefwkdYudk ac:aqmifí awmifukef;taemufbuf ajrtaetxm;udk vSnfhywf ppfaq;onf/ olwkdYig;a,muf awmifukef; xdyfodkY a&muf&SdvmMuNyD awmifukef;\ taemufbuf tajctaeudk pl;prf;Muonf/ rnfonhf vIyf&Sm;rIudkrQ rawGU&acs/ [lusif;onf awmifukef;xdyfwGif usKd;usaeaom opfyifMuD;rsm;udk awGUvkduf&aomtcg ,refaeYu bkef;awmfMuD;oHk;yg;ESifh rdrdwkdY tjyif;txef ,SOfjydKifEGJ&yHkrsm;udk jyefvnf owd& jrifa,mifaerdawmh onf/ xkdpOf ...tcsufwpfcsufudk ½kwfw&uf pOf;pm;vkdufrdawmhonf/ ]]tazMuD;u ajymoGm;cJhw,f? rif; odcsifwmawG ajratmufrSm &Sdw,fwJh? wpfcgrS qif;rMunhf&ao;bl;? tck qif;MunhfrSyJ}} [lusif;onf csufcsif;yif wGif;0ay:ü zHk;vTrf;xm;aom ausmufzsmMuD;udk ab;odkY wGef;z,fvdkufNyD; atmufodkY ckefcsvkdufawmhonf/ ausmufrdefonf olYü toifhygvmonfh rD;wkdifwpfacsmif;udk xGef;n§dí [lusif;aemufrS uyfygvmonf/ xkdtcg ajratmufcef; eH&Hrsm;ü pmrsm; a&;xm;onfudk awGUMu&awmhonf/ xkdtcgusrS jzpfyHkysufyHk Zmwfvrf;pHkudk a&vnfpGm od&Sd&awmhonf/ 944
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [kd;wpfcsdefu [lusif;? &SufpGef;? ausmufrdef? csLusL;ESifh tm;vDwkdY ig;a,muf uRef;ay:ü wpfntdyf em;aeMupOf csLusL;wpfa,mufwnf; tdyf,mrS xvmonf/ olronf ESpfESpfNcdKufNcKduf tdyfaysmfaeonfh ausmufrdefxHrS taMumaysmhaq;udk EIduf,lvkdufNyD; [lusif;ESifh &SufpGef;wkdY\ tpmrsm;xJwGif xnfhxm;vkdufawmhonf/ ausmufrdefudkrl csLusL;u avSMuD;ay:okdY ypfwifvkdufNyD; avSudk twif; armif;xGufcdkif;onf/ NyD;rS e*g;Ekdif"m;udk ,lvkdufonf/ xkdtcsdefwGif &SufpGef;onf tdyf,mrS EId;aeavNyD/ odkYaomf tdyf,mrS rxbJ toHrsm;udkom aocsmpGm em;pGifhvsuf &SdNyD; tjzpftysufrsm; udk cefYrSef; qufpyfvsuf &SdaecJh\/ aemufqHk; NrdKUay:odkY jyefvnfa&muf&Sdvmaomtcg csLusL;onf [lusif;ESifh aphpyfaMumif;vrf;xm;NyD; jzpfaeojzifh ,if;udpö rnfoludkrQ todray;&ef &SufpGef;taejzifh qHk;jzwfvkdufonf/ odkYaomf csLusL;url &SufpGef;taejzifh olr\ raumif;rIudk od&Sdxm;aMumif; &dyfrdcJhavonf/ olawmif;pm; *dkPf;om;rsm;ESihf pwif awGUMuHKonfh tcgwGifrl csLusL;onf &SufpGef;\ taMumrsm;udk xkd;ydwfvkdufNyD; olr udk,fwkdifyif tzrf;cH&onfh tjzpfrsKd;a&mufatmif zefwD;vkdufawmhonf/ olr awG;xif xm;onfrSm olawmif;pm;*dkPf;om;\ vufwGif;okdY usa&muf oGm;ygu &SufpGef;taejzifh vHk;0 touf&Sifp&m taMumif;r&Sdawmh[k aocsmayguf ,lqcJhjcif;yif jzpfonf/ odkYaomf rarQmfvifhaom taMumif;wpfcku Mum;ayguf jzpfoGm;cJhonf/ csefcGef;onf olawmif;pm;*dkPf;rS &SufpGef;udk zrf;ac:oGm;jcif; yifwnf;/ ausmufrdefonf csefcGef;ESifh &SufpGef;aemufodkY wpfcsdefvHk; uyfvkdufvsuf&SdNyD; &SufpGef;udk u,fwif&ef tMudrfMudrf MudK;pm;cJhonf odkYaomf ratmifjrifcJh/ [lusi;f onf csLusL;ESihf vufxyf&ef vH;k 0 rjzpfEidk af wmh/ vufxyfaecJyh gu &Supf eG ;f toufukd u,fwif&ef rrDawmhbJ jzpfoGm;ayrnf/ xkdYaMumifh ausmufrdefaemufokdY csufcsif;yif vdkufygoGm;&jcif; jzpfawmhonf/ [lusif;onf oepfpt kH jzpfuek f em;vnfoabmayguf oGm;cJ&h acsNyD/ olY pdwx f w J iG f r&Si;f rvif; jzpfc&hJ aom tcsufrsm;onfvnf; vHk;0 &Sif;vif;oGm;cJh&avonf/ xdkYaMumifh ausmufrdef\ rsufESmuav;udk ai;armMunhf½I vkdufrdawmhonf/ olr\ rsufESmuav;onf tawmfyif ydefcsKH;uscJhavonf/ þwpfvtwGif;0,f [lusif;twGuf ausmufrdefcrsm rsm;pGm yifyef;cJh&&Sm onf/ olonf ½kwfw&uf cspfMuifempdwfrsm; jynhfvQHvmojzifh ausmufrdefudk ayGUzufvkdufrdonf/ ]]ausmufrdef ...ig ...ig rif;udk b,fvkd aus;Zl;qyf&rSef;awmif rodawmhygbll; ausmufrdef&,f}} ausmufrdefonf rD;wkdifudk vTwfcsvkduf&m ajratmufcef; wpfck vHk; rnf;arSmifoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;u ... ]]ausmufrdef ...rif;[m wu,fhudk todOmPfynmeJY jynfhpHkwJh rdef;uav;yJ? tck jzpfysufcJhwJh Zmwfvrf;MuD; wpfckvHk;udk Munhfprf;? rif;om rvdr®m ryg;eyfcJh&if [lusif;qkdwJh t½l;u rif;udk owfcJhrd&if tckvkd tjzpfrSefawG odvdkuf&wJh tcgrSm igh &ifawGawmh usKd;ukefrSm trSefyJ}} ausmufrdefurl wcpfcpf &,farm&if; ... ]][if ...&Sifuom rodwm? uRefru &SifhtaMumif; aumif;aumif; MuD;odw,f? &Sifu uRefrudk owf&ufygh rvm;? tjzpfrSef rodao;oa½GU &Sif rowf&ufbl;qdkwm uRefr odw,f? tjzpfrSef odoGm;&ifawmifrS owfcsifrS owfOD;rSm? uJ ...[dk olawmif;pm;*dkPf; tpnf;ta0;rSm pawGUwkef;u bmjzpfvdkY rowf&wmvJ}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdeftm;Munhf&if; oufjyif;wpfcsuf csum ajymvkdufonf/ ]][kwfw,f ausmufrdef? igu rif;udk wu,fyJ cspfcifESpfoufaerdwm ighukd,fig rxdef;odrf;Edkifatmif jzpfaecJhwmvJ trSefyJ? tJ'D tcg wkef;uvJ rif;udk owf&r,f? owf&r,fvkdY ighOD;aESmufu ighukd owd ay;aew,f? 'gayr,hf ighESvHk;om;uawmh rif;udk owfzkdY vHk;0 cGifhrjyK bJ jzpfaew,f? aemufqHk;awmh ighESvHk;om;&JU tvkdudk vkdufcJh&wmyJ? wu,fvkdY ighnDrav; tm;vDudkom rif; owfcJhwmqkd&ifawmh tif; ... igvJ bmvkyf&rSef;udk rodawmhygbl;}} 945
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;ESifh ausmufrdefwkdYonf wpfa,mufESifh wpfa,muf MunfEl;pGm ayGUzufaerd Muonf/ tcspf\ t&momum; &if0,f wodrfhodrfh ckefapawmhonfwum;/ nOhftawmfeufrS pcef;odkY jyefvmcJhMuonf/ aemuf w pf a eYeH e uf rd k ; aomuf t vif ; a&muf a omtcgwG i f owif ; yd k Y quf o m;wpf a ,muf a&Smifvifausmif;wkduf&Sd&m awmifukef;ay:odkY a&muf&Sdvmonf/ xkdqufom;onf tvif;rmef*dkPf;\ awmfvSefa&; ppfwyfrS apvTwfvkdufonfh qufom; jzpfonf/ xkdqufom;u awmfvSefa&;ppfwyfonf rGef*dkppfwyfrsm;ESifh reD;ra0;ae&mwGif a&muf&SdaeaMumif;ESifh rnfodkYwkdufcdkuf&rnfh trdefYudk apmifhqkdif;vsuf &SdaMumif; owif;ydkYonf/ [lusif;onf tvif;rmef*dkPf;\ xdyfoD;acgif;aqmifrsm; omru tjcm;0g&ifh odkif;orm;MuD;rsm;udkyg ac:í wkdifyifnd§EIdif;onf/ olwkdY tm;vHk; oabmwlnDMuonfh tcsufwpfck ay:vmonf/ tvif;rmef*dkPf;\ awmfvSefa&; ppfwyfrsm;u rGef*dkwyfrsm;udk awmifajcteD;odkY vma&mufwdkufckdufygu rGef*dkwyfrsm;onf awmifay:odkY qkwfcGmajy;wufvmNyD; a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;tm; wkdufckdufzsufqD;ypfrnfudk pdk;&drf&onhf tcsufyifjzpfonf/ a&S m if v if b k & m;ausmif ; MuD ; onf ord k i f ; 0if wnf & S d a om ausmif ; awmf M uD ; jzpf o nf / ES p f a ygif ; wpfaxmifausmfrQ wnfwHhvmcJhaom ausmif;awmfMuD; jzpfonf/ w½kwfvlrsKd;wdkY\ ordkif;0if ,Ofaus;rI taqmuftOD;MuD;jzpfí þ ausmif;awmfMuD;udk vHk;0 tysuftpD; rcHEdkifMujcif;yif jzpfonf/ [lusif;onf csufcsif;yif qufom;tm; trdefYay;vkduf awmhonf/ awmifajcrS rGef*dkppfom;rsm;tm; a&Smifvifausmif;wkdufESifh a0;EkdiforQ a0;aprnfh ae&modkY ppfNr§Lí rQm;ac:oGm;&efESifh ta0;odkYa&mufrS tvHk;t&if;jzifh zdwkduf&ef trdefYay;vkdufonf/ qufom;onf [lusif;tm; t½dktaoay;NyD; csufcsif;yif jyefvnf xGufcGmoGm;awmhonf/ awmifay:ü okdif;orm;rsm;onf rGef*dkppfwyfrsm;udk aMumuf½GHUMuonf r[kwfaomfvnf; tiftm; tvHk;t&if;ESifh 0dkif;xm;onfhtwGufrl pdk;&drfaMumifhMuaerdMuonf/ ,ck tvif;rmef*dkPf;MuD;\ awmfvSefa&; ppfwyfrsm; a&mufvmNyD[k Mum;od&aomtcgrS pdwfoufom&m &oGm;Muayonf/ naeapmif;okdY a&mufaomtcg awmifajcwGif ywfvnf0kdif;xm;aom rGef*dkppfwyfMuD;onf vHk;0 ½kwfodrf;oGm;awmhonf/ awmfvSefa&; ppfwyfrsm;\ ppfNr§L&modkY vkdufygoGm;jcif; jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ xkn d wGif odik ;f orm;rsm; tm;vH;k 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpfMujcif;ESifh tvif;rmef*P kd ;f MuD;tm; *kPjf yKvku d jf cif; wkYd aMumifh txdr;f trSwf npmpm;yGMJ uD;wpfcu k kd awmifay:wGif usif;yMuonf/ nOfeh ufvmaom tcgwGif odik ;f orm; trsm;pkonf cHk;0efq&mawmfMuD;ESifh cHk;usd q&m awmfMuD;wkdYtm; EIwfqufí xGufcGmoGm;Muawmhonf/ 0gar*dkPf;rSmrl tjcm;odkif;orm;rsm;uJhokYd &J&J0hH0Hh r&SdMuawmh/ z½dkz&J jzpfvsuf &Sdaeayonf/ xkdodkY jzpfaeonfudk awGU&aom [lusif;onf rsm;pGm pdwfxdcdkufoGm;awmhonf/ qkdYcsif;pl;rSm xrf;pifxufwGif vJavsmif;vsufom &Sdaeonf/ touf&Sdaeao;onf odkYr[kwf toufr&Sdawmh [lonfh tcsufudkrl rodEkdifcJhay/ [lusif;onf 0gar*dkPf;om;rsm;bufodkY avQmufvmNyD; usifha0 r,foDv&SifMuD;tm; cGifhawmif;vkdufonf/ ]]usKyf ...qkdYcsif;pl;&JU 'Pf&mudk Munhfay;csifygw,f? 'Pf&m jyif;xef&ifvJ aq;ukay;oifh ukay;&atmifyg? cGifhjyKay;ygaemf}} usifha0 r,foDv&SifMuD;u at;pufpGm jyefajymonf/ ]]bmrS Munhfay;aep&m rvkdygbl;}} csLxif;onf [lusif;\ ab;em;wGif &yfaeoljzpf&m usifha0 r,foDv&SifMuD;\ racsriH ajymonfhpum;udk Mum;vkduf&ojzifh tvGef rausreyf jzpfoGm;onf/ ]]igwkdY&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD;u apwemxm;NyD; ukoay;xm;vkdY? 'Daumif 'Davmuftxd touf&Sifaewm? wu,fqkd&if udk,fhq&meJY udk,hf*dkPf; udkawmif opömazmuf0HhwJhvlrsKd; aozdkYyJ aumif;w,f? tckvJ igwkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD;u apwemeJY ar;wmukd rif;wkdYu bmjzpfvkdY ½kdif;½kdif; pdkif;pkdif; racsriH ajym&wmvJ}} xkdtcg usifha0onf ½kwfw&uf ajymcsvkdufonf/ 946
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]&SifuvJ bmawG armufarmufrmrm vmajymae&wmvJ? &Sifu usKyfwdkY *dkPf;taMumif; bmodvdkYvJ? uRefrwkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD;[m tck txd tysKdtppf&Sifh od&JUvm;? tysKdrppf&if b,folrS *dkPf;csKyfvkyfcGifh r&Sdbl;? 'D qkYd csif;pl;vdk vl,w k rf mrsKd;;udk usKyfwYk *d P kd ;f u qufNyD; apmifh a&Smifae&if usKyfwYdk *dP k ;f csKyfMuD;&JU emrnfeYJ *kPo f u d m© yJ xyfusrSmyJ? uJ ...qkdYcsif;pl;udk [lwef;*dkPf;&JU vufxJ usKyfwdYk jyeftyfvkdufr,f? ,lMuayawmh}} 0gar*dkPf;om;ESpfa,mufwkdYonf qkdYcsif;pl;udk xrf;í &Dvifwef;\ a&SUüwu,fyif csxm;vkdufum xGufcGmoGm;Muawmhonf/ 0gar*dkPf;om; usifha0 r,foDv&SifMuD;\ pum;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg [lusif;omru vltm;vHk; tHhMooGm;Muawmhonf/ csLxif;onf xGufcGmqJ jyKaeolrsm;tm; tarmwaum vSrf;ar; vkdufonf/ ]]b,fvdk ...b,fvdk qkdYcsif;pl;u rif;wkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD;&JU a,mufusm; r[kwfbl; ...[kwfvm;}} usifha0onf rausrcsrf;jzpfaeaom avoHjzifh jyefajymvkduf avonf/ ]][if ...usKyfwkdY *dkPf;csKyfMuD;u 'Dvkd vlpm;rsKd;udk olYcifyGef; tjzpf a½G;yghrvm;? &SifwkdYyJ pOf;pm; MunfhMuprf;ygOD;? olu usef;[lusif; opömrJhwmudk rcHcsifvGef;wJh 'Dvl,kwfrmudk olY a,mufusm;tjzpf [efaqmif ckdif;xm;wm&Sifh odMu&JUvm;}} [lusif;onf em;axmifae&if; oYlem;udk ol r,HkEdkifavmufatmif jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ em;Mum;rsm; rSm;aeovm;[k xifrdaeawmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh ... ]]bmajymw,f ...csLusL;u qkdYcsif;pl;eJY wu,f vufxyfwm r[kwfbl;? [efaqmif vufxyfxm;wm [kkwfvm;}} usifha0onf [lusif;udk Munhfyif rMunfhcsif;awmhacs/ wjcm; bufodkY vSnfhíom aeawmhonf/ [lusif;udk vHk;0 rMunhfbJ a'gojzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]&SifeJY usKyf pum;rajymcsifbl;}} xkdpOf ta0;rS pl;&SpGm atmf[pfvkdufaom toH wpfoHudk tm;vHk; Mum;vkdufMu&onf/ xkdtoHonf csLusL;\ atmfoHyif jzpfawmhonf/ olronf o&Jwapäukd awGUvkduf&ouJhokdY tonf;vIduf tlvIduf aMumuf½GHU wkefvIyfpGm atmf[pfvkdufjcif;yif jzpfayrnf/
947
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif
e*g;Edkif"m;
tcef;(105) tusÐeufESifh rdef;uav; tm;vHk;onf csLusL;\ atmfoHaMumifh MuufoD;arG;n§if;x ukefMuawmhonf/ [lusif;ESifhwuG tm;vHk;aom vlrsm; tajctwif ajymqkdaeonfh tcsdefrSm arSmifrdkufaeonfh tumv ntcg umvMuD; jzpfonf/ þuJhodkY tumv ntcgrsKd;ü þokdY xdwfvefYwMum; atmf[pfvkdufoH MuD;udk Mum;vkduf&onfh rnfolrqkd vdyfjymvGifhpOf xGufrQrwuf aMumufvefYrdMurnfom jzpfonf/ ,ck &Sdaeolrsm;onf t&ifhtrm odkif;ynm&Sifrsm; jzpfaeMuíom þrQ £aNE´ qnfaeEkdifjcif; jzpfonf/ odkYr[kwfygu olwkdYvnf; xGufajy;rdMuayvdrfhrnf/ vltm;vHk;onf xkdtoH xGufay:vm&mbufodkY vSrf;MunhfvdkufMuonf/ odkYaomf rnfonfh t&dyfta&mifrQ rawGUMu &acs/ [l u sif ; onf od k i f ; ynm tjrif h r m;qH k ; &S d ½ H k r u tjcm;ol r sm;xuf y if aZmpd w f o ef p G m ck e f x G u f ajy;oGm;onfjzpf&m toHMum;&m awmtkyf twGif;odkY a&SUOD;pGm a&muf&SdoGm;awmhonf/ xkdtcg ...tusÐpdrf; 0wfqifxm;aom csLusL;onf tl;vsm; zm;vsm; tarmwaum ajy;vTm;vmaeaMumif; awGUvkduf&onf/ [lusif;onf olrxHodkY ajy;vTm;oGm;NyD; ar;vdkufonf/ ]]csLusL; ...csLusL; bmjzpfvkdYvJ[if? bmawG awGUvmvdkYvJ ajymprf;ygOD;}} csLusL;onf ½kwfw&uf rnfonfh pum;ukdrQ rajymEdkif/ armvGef; vSojzifh touf0atmifyif renf; ½I½Iufae&onf/ olr\ rsufESm wpfckvHk;onf aMumuf½GHUxdwfvefYrIaMumifh aoG;r&SdawmhouJhokdY qGwfqGwf jzLaeonf/ twefMumrS wkefwkef,if,ifjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]o&J ...o&J ...o&Ju uRefraemufukd vkdufaewm}} 948
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; olronf [lusif;rSef; odoGm;aomtcg [lusif;\ &ifcGifwGif;odkY ajy;0ifrdawmhonf/ olronf [lusif;udk twif;yif zufxm;vkdufrd awmhonf/ olr\ wpfudk,fvHk;rSmvnf; aMumuf½GHUrIaMumifh wqwfqwf wkefvsuf &Sdaeawmhonf/ [lusif;onf csLusL;tvGef aMumufvefYaeaMumif; awGU&aomtcg ywf0ef;usifrS tjrifaumif; raumif;/ oifhavsmf roifhavsmf? ta&;rpkdufEkdifawmhbJ olr\ ycHk;uav;udk zufxm;NyD; jznf;nif;pGm yGwfvsuf acsmharmhrdawmhonf/ Muifemoem;aom avoHjzifh ESpfodrfh vkdufrdonf/ ]]csLusL; ...raMumufeJYawmh? bmrS raMumufeJYawmh tck ig a&mufaeNyD? o&Jqdkwm 'DavmurSm r&Sdygbl;? rif;u bmudkawGUNyD; 'Davmuf aMumufae&wmvJ}} csLusL;onf [lusif;\ us,fjyefYaom &ifcGiftwGif;0,f twefMum rSDNyD;aevkdufrS wjznf;jznf; pdwfwnfjidrfrI &vmawmhonf/ NyD;rS olru ... ]]tpfudk [lusif;vm;}} olr\ avoHrsm;ESifh vHk;0 uGJjym;oGm;onf/ El;nHhjcif;? aysmhaysmif;jcif;? av;pm;jcif;? tm;udk;jcif; wkdY yg0ifaeonfh avoH jzpfonf/ ]][kwfw,f ...igyg [lusif;yg? rif; bmudk awGUNyD; 'Davmuftxd aMumufvefY vm&wmvJ[if}} [lusif;u xyfar;vdkufjyefonf/ csLusL;onf apmapmu tawmftwef pdwfwnfjidrfrI &oGm;cJhNyD; jzpfayonf/ ,ck [lusif; xyfar; vkdufaomtcg wpfpHkwpfckudk oGm;owd&rdjyefNyD; ½IdufMuD;wiif idkaMuG; jyefawmhonf/ [lusif;\ &ifcGifwpfckvHk; csLusL;\ rsuf&nfrsm;aMumifh pkd½TJvsuf &SdaeayNyD/ xkpd Of ...&efa&mif? a0&d ...vlwpfou dk Ef iS t hf wl 0gar*dP k ;f rS usifah 0 r,fov D &Siw f Ydk a&muf&v dS mMuawmhonf/ [lusif;ESifh csLusL;wkdY\ tajctaeudk awGUvkdufMu&aomtcg wpfa,mufudk wpfa,muf rsuf&dyfjy vkdufMuNyD; wdwfwqdwfyif jyefvnf xGufcGmoGm;Muawmhonf/ tvif;rmef*dkPf;? [lwef;*dkPf;ESifh 0gar*dkPf;&Sd vltm;vHk; vkdvkdyif csLusL;ESifh [lusif;wdkY jyefvnf aygif;pyfomG ;onfudk jrifvMdk uonf/ taMumif;rsm;uvnf; &Sad eMuonf/ ausmufred o f nf wpfcsdew f ek ;f u olwYdk tm; zrf;qD;csKyfaESmif ESyfpufcJhzl;onfudk vHk;0 rarhaysmufEkdifjcif;yif jzpfonf/ xkdYjyif ausmufrdefonf rGef*dk rif;orD;wpfyg;jzpf&m olwkdY\ *dkPf;csKyfMuD;ESifh vufxyfvkdufygu olwkdY\ awmfvSefa&;MuD; xdckduf oGm;rnfudk pdk;&drfMujcif; jzpfonf/ csLusL;onf twefMumrQ ½Iu d Mf uD;wiif ikad MuG;aeao;onf/ wjznf;jznf; ido k rH sm; &yfqidk ;f vmNyD; ½Iu d o f jH zifh ar;vkdufonf/ ]]tpfudk ...[lusif;? uRefraemufudk b,fol vkdufvmovJ}} ]][ifhtif; ...b,folrS vkdufrvmygbl;}} ]][ifhtif; ...rjzpfEdkifygbll;? vkdufudk vkdufvm&r,f? tpfudk aoaocsmcsm MunhfygOD;? vkdufvmwJhvl &Sdovm;? r&Sdbl;vm;}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ tpdk;&drf tvGefMuD;aeyHkudk NyHK;rdawmhonf/ olu ... ]]r&Sdygbll; csLusL;&,f? wu,fhudk vdkufvmwJhvl r&Sdygbll;? igu rif;udk bmaMumifh nmajym&rSmvJ}} [lusif;\ avoHonf ykdrdkí El;nHhaysmhaysmif;oGm;NyD; qufajym vkdufonf/ ]]csLusL; ...'D&ufawGrSm rif;tzdkY udk,fa&m pdwfa&m yifyef;vGef;vdkY tm½HkaMumawG wkHYqkdif; acsmufcsm;NyD; xif&mjrif&mawGudk avQmufjrifaewmyg}} ]]r[kwb f ;l ...tpfu?kd tpfukd [lusif; ajymwmawG vH;k 0 r[kwb f ;l uRefr olYukd oH;k cgwdwd awGUvku d &f w,f? wpfcgwnf;awGUwm r[kwf bl;? qufwkduf oHk;cg awGU&wm}} olronf ajym&if; ajym&if;rS wkefwkef,if,if jzpfvmavawmh onf/ ]]bmukd oHk;cg wdwdawGU&wmvJ}} csLusL;onf olrudk,fukd jznf;nif;pGm vSnfhí aemufodkY vSnfh Munhfvkdufonf/ olr\ owdrÅ sm;udk tpGrf;ukefxkwfNyD; vSnfhMunhfaeonfh yHkpHyif/ olronf rnfonfht&mudkrQ rawGU&aomtcg [lusif;bufodkY 949
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; vSnfhvkdufonf/ olronf onfbufodkY vSnfhvkdufvQif vSnfhvkdufjcif; yxrOD;qHk; awGUvkduf&onfht&mum; olYudk pdk;&drfhwMuD; Munhf½Iaeonfh [lusif;\ MuifemEl;nHhonfh rsufvHk;rsm;yifwnf;/ xkdrsufvHk;rsm;udk awGUvkduf&aomtcg olr\ &ifxJ0,f uGJaMurwuf cHpm;vdkuf&NyD; aysmhacGusoGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;u xdef;í ay;xm; vkdufonf/ ]]tpfudk ...[lusif; ...uRef ...uRefr tpfudkYudk tm;vHk; nmcJhwmyg? wdrfvTm"m;eJY e*g;Edkif"m;udk uRefr cdk;cJhwmyg? tm;vDudk owfwmvJ uRefryg? bMuD;&SufpGef;udk taMumxkd; ydwfNyD; olawmif;pm;*dkPf; vufxJ tyfvu dk w f mvJ uRefryg? uRef ...uRefr[m vlaumif; r[kwaf wmhygbl;? tpfu&kd ,f? rde;f r,kwf jzpfaeygNyD? 'gayr,fh qkdYcsif;pl;udkawmh uRefr vufrxyfcJhygbl;? uRefr&JU &ifxJrSm &Sdwmuawmh tpfudk tpfudk [lusif; wpfa,muf wnf;yg&Sif}} [lusif;onf oufjyif;cs&if; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]'D taMumif;awG ig tm;vHk; odNyD;ygNyD csLusL;&,f? rif; awmfawmf &ufpufcJhwmyJ? bmjyKvkdY 'Dvkd vkyf&wmvJ[if}} csLusL;u ikdí ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tpfudk rodbl;? [dk 0rfzm;bk&m;ausmif;xJrSm uRefrwkdY tm;vHk; tzrf;cHxm;&wkef;u uRefr&JU rsufMuG,fq&mrMuD;u bmajymovJ odvm;? uRefrukd wdrfvTm"m;eJY e*g;Ekdif"m; ESpfacsmif;&JU vQKdU0Sufcsufudk ajymjyw,f? 'D"m;ESpfacsmif;udk &atmif,lNyD; 'D"m;awGxJu okdif;pmtkyf awGudk &atmif ,l&r,fvkdY uwdjyKckdif;w,f? aemufNyD; uRefrudk usdecf idk ;f w,f? tpfuYkd ukd cspfMudKuf[efaqmifNyD; 'DtMuHukd atmifjrifatmif vky&f r,fw?hJ 'gayr,fh tpfudk [lusif;udkawmh b,fawmhrS rcspfMudKuf&bl;vkdY? aMumufp&maumif;wJh usdefpmusdefNyD; uwdjyKcdkif;cJhw,f tpfudk}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ ycHk;uav;udk yGwfoyfay;aerdNyD; wpfcsdefwkef;u rsufMuG,fq&mrMuD;u usda&Smifrludk ½dkufowfcJhjcif;udk rdrd udk,fwkdif jrifcJh&yHkESifh 0rfzm;bk&m;ausmif;wGif rdrd\ u,fwifrIudk rcH,lbJ taocHoGm;yHkwkdYudk jyefvnfjrifa,mif vmrdawmhonf/ tmCmw MuD;rm;vGefvSaom rsufMuG,f r,foDv&SifMuD;yg wum;/ ,ckuJhodkY csLusL; pdwfajymif;vJoGm;&onfh rSmvnf; olr\ q&mrMuD; rSmMum;cJhaom pum;rsm;ESifh twif;t"r® usdefqkdcdkif;cJhaom usdefpmrsm;aMumifhom jzpf&ayrnf/ xkdtaMumif;rsm;udk jyefvnf pOf;pm;rdaomtcg [lusif;onf csLusL;udk oem;pdwf 0ifoGm;onf/ csLusL;onf tvGepf w d af ysmah om rde;f uav;wpfa,muf jzpf&m rdr\ d rdbozG,f aMumuf½UHG &aom q&mrESihf cspfoltMum; ajrZmyif jzpfoGm;&jcif;yif/ rnfrQ ESvHk;uGJ rwufcHpm;&rnfudk [lusif; udk,fcsif; pmrdayonf/ [lusif;onf nifomaom avoHjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]csLusL; ...jzpfNyD;wmawG NyD;ygapawmh/ jzpfNyD;cJhwJh udpöawG twGuf pdwfraumif; jzpfae&ifvJ rif;yJ yifyef;½Hk &SdrSmyJ? ighudk ajymprf; rif; tck bmukd awGUvdkuf&wmvJ}} csLusL;onf ½kwfw&uf ckefxGufoGm;onf/ ol\ El;nhHodrfarGUrI rsm;onf ½kwfw&uf aysmufuG,foGm; ouJhokdY jzpfoGm;onf/ ]]uRefr rajymbl;? 'Do&Ju uRefrudkwif udk,fa,mifjyaewm? uReffrudk oufouf vufpm;acsaewm? uRefrtjypfeJ uRefrcH&rSmyJ? tck uRefrtjypfawGtm;vHk; 0efcHNyD;NyD? uRefrvJ oufqkd;&SnfrSm r[kwfawmhygbl;}} csLusL;onf ajymajymqkdqkdjzifh xGufajy;oGm;jyefawmhonf/ [lusif;onf rpOf;pm;wufatmif jzpfaerdawmhonf/ csLusL;onf tb,faMumifh þrQ aMumuf½GHUae&ygoenf;/ olrukd þrQ aMumufoGm;atmif acsmufvSefYvkdufaom t&mum; rnfonfht&m jzpfygoenf;/ [lusif;onf vHk;0 pOf;pm;í r&aomtcg pdwfysufvufysufjzifh a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif; &Sd&mokdY avQmufvmrdawmhonf/
950
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf bk&m;ausmif;okdY jyefa&mufygu ausmufrdeftm; þtaMumif;rsm;ukd ajymjy&ef pdwful; vkdufonf/ odkYaomf ausmufrdef rnfonfhae&m a&mufaeonfudk &SmrawGUacs/ ,ck&ufrsm;twGif; ausmufrdefonf olESifh tNrJwrf;vdkvdkyif twlwl &SSdaecJhonf/ ,ckuJh odkY ausmufrdefudk &SmrawGUaomtcg tvGef wkefvIyf acsmufcsm;oGm; awmhonf/ ol\ pdwfxJwGifvnf; ... ]]'ku©ygyJ {uEÅawmh csLusL; igh&ifcGifxJ idkaewmudk ausmufrdef awGUoGm;vdkY ighudk pdwfqdk;NyD; xGufoGm;wm jzpf&r,f? ausmufrdef ... ausmufrdef? pdwfjrefvufjref odyfvkyfcsifwJh rdef;uav;yJ? wpfa,mufwnf; 'ku©a&mufaeawmhr,f}} [lusif;onf csufcsif;yif ae&mtESH vkdufvH &SmazGrdawmhonf/ xkdpOf ajrMuD;tvH tzGJUom;wpfa,mufu ausmufrdef awmifajc odkY qif;oGm;aMumif; owif;ykdYvmonfudk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg ykdíyif pdwfyloGm;rdawmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;onf awmifatmufodkY r&yfrem; ajy;qif;oGm;rdawmhonf/ vrf;wpfavQmufvHk; a&Smifvifausmif;rS qif;oufvmMuaom odkif;orm; trsm;tjym;ukd awGU&Sd&onf/ odkYaomf ausmufrdef wpfa,mufudkrl vHk;0 rawGU&acs/ ½kwfw&uf [lusif;onf wpfpHkwpfckudk owd&vkdufonf/ ]]tif; ...ausmufrdef[m tifrwef yg;eyfwJh rdef;uav;yJ ol ighqD uae a&Smifajy;csif&if 'Dvrf;uaeawmh a&Smifajy;rSm r[kwfbl;? bmjzpfvkdYvJ qdkawmh ightaeeJY olYudk csufcsif; trDvkdufEkdifw,fqkdwm olwGufrSmyJ? 'Dawmh a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;rSmyJ wpfae&m&mrSm ol ykef;ckdaewmyJ jzpf&r,f? ig xGufoGm;awmhrS wjcm;vrf;uae ol oGm;rSmyJ}} xkdYaMumihf [lusif;onf awmifay:rS qif;Ekdifonhf vrf;rSeforQ awmifajcwpfckvHk;udk ykdufpdwfwkduf &SmazGawmhonf/ aemufqHk;wGif vlol tqif;twuf jyKavhjyKx r&Sdaom awmifukef; taemufbufodkY yif a&muf&Sdvmawmhonf/ odkYaomf þae&müvnf; ausmufrdefudk rawGU&ay/ [lusif;\ pdwfxJwGif ... ]]ausmufred f ...ausmufred f ...b,frsm; oGm;aeygvdrhf ausmufred f &,f? b,fvykd J jzpfjzpfav olYukd rawGUrcsif; ig vufravQmhbl;? 'D wpfoufvHk; olYudk rawGUawGUatmif &Smr,f}} nOh f a rS m if v maomtcg [l u sif ; onf tvG e f MuD ; rm;aom opf y if M uD ; wpf y if x uf o d k Y wuf í tdyfpuftem;,lvkdufonf/ odkY&mwGif noef;acgif,HodkY a&mufaomtcg tvGef ayghyg;aom ajcoHudk Mum; vkduf&ojzifh vefYEkd;vmonf/ vrif ; pE´ m \ at;jraom a&mif j cnf r Qif r sm; atmuf w G i f rd e f ; uav; wpf a ,muf aygh y g;pG m ajy;vTm;aeonfudk tHhMopzG,f awGUvkduf&av onf/ tp yxrü ausmufred [ f k xifrw S v f u dk í f atmfac:&efyif [efjyif vku d rf ad o;onf/ odYk aomf aemufausmudk Munhfvkdufaomtcg ausmufrdef r[kwfrSef; aocsmpGm odvkdufrdonf/ ,ck jrifawGUae&onfh rdef;uav;\ aemufausmudkvnf; olYrsufpdrsm; tvGef,OfaeaMumif; owdjyKvkdufrdonf/ oljrifzl;aom rdef;uav; wpfa,mufa,muf jzpfvdrfhrnfvm;[k oHo,0ifaerdonf onfrdef;uav;onf rnfonfht&yfu rdef;uav;enf;/ rnfolenf;/ tb,faMumifh nMuD;oef;acgif; wpfa,mufwnf; ajy;vTm;ae& oenf;/ [lusif;onf opfyifMuD;ay:rS ckefcsvkdufum csufcsif; aemufrS vkdufMunhfrdawmhonf/ rdef;uav;onf wpfukd,fvHk; tusÐeuf? 0wfpHkeuf? 0wfqifxm; onf jzpfí ntarSmifwGif ½kwfw&uf awGUjrif&ef rvG,fulay/ ,ck [lusif; awGUjrif&onfrSmvnf; va&mifaMumifh awGUjrif vkduf&jcif; jzpfonf/ rdef;uav;onf a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;wkdufodkY OD;wnfoGm;aeonfudk awGUvkduf&ojzifh tHhMooGm;rdonf/ ]]tif; ...'Drdef;uav; wdwfwdwfqdwfqdwf a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;buf oGm;aeyHkuawmh odyfr[kwfbl;? wpfckck raumif;MuHrvdkYeJY wlw,f? 'Dtwkdif;vTwfxm;vkdYawmh rjzpfbl;? wm;qD;wef wm;qD;&atmif xyfMuyfruGm vkdufMunhfrSyJ}} 951
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf rdef;uav;\ aemufrS rodrom uyfvkdufvmonf/ xkdrdef;uav;onf aemufausmukd teD;uyfjrif&av oltvGef &if;ESD;aom rdef;uav;wpfa,muf jzpf&rnf[k rSwfxifrdav jzpfawmhonf/ odkYaomf rnfol rnf0g jzpfrnfudkrl vHk;0 pOf;pm;í r&ay/ a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;teD;odkY eD;uyfvmaomtcgwGif xkdrdef;uav;\ ajcoHrsm; ½kwfw&uf aES;oGm;NyD; owdMuD;pGmESifh csnf;uyfae aMumif; [lusif;awGU&onf/ olronf a&Smifvif bkef;awmfMuD;rsm;\ odkif;ynm tqifhtwef;ukd od&Sd[ef wlonf/ a&Smifvif bk&m;ausmif;cef;rxJrSmvnf; w&m;pm½GwfoHrsm; vGifhysHhvmonfudk [lusif; Mum;vkduf&onf/ [lusif; tvGef tHhMooGm;onf/ ]]a&Smifvifbkef;awmfMuD;awG[m b,fES,fh nMuD;rif;MuD; bk&m;pm ½Gwfae&wmvJ? taMumif;xl; wpfckckrsm; jzpfaevkdYvm;}} [lusif; þuJhokdY awG;aepOfrSmyif xkdrdef;uav;onf bk&m;ausmif; cef;rab;&Sd jywif;aygufwpfck teD;odkY jznf;nif;pGm wkd;uyfNyD; &yfvkdufonf/ [lusif;url olrESifh twefi,fvSrf;aom jywif;ayguf wpfckckwGif ykef;ckdí &yfaevkdufonf/ bk&m;ausmif;cef;rwGif;ü rnfonhf taMumif;aMumifh bk&m;pm½Gwfqkdaeonfudk odvdkojzifh jywif;aygufrS puúLudk taygufuav;azmufí twGif;odkY acsmif;Munhfvkdufonf/ [lusif; tvGef tHhMooGm;onf/ [lusif; jrifvkduf&onhf jrifuGif;um; ...? cHk;0efq&mawmfMuD;onf rwfwyf&yfvsuf bk&m;pmrsm; ½Gwfqkdaeonf/ aemufbufrS bkef;awmf MuD;rsm;uvnf; q&mawmfMuD;enf;wl ½Gwfqkdvsuf &Sdaeonf/ pm;yGJa&SUwGif 'l;axmufxkdifaeaom rdef;uav; wpfa,mufuvnf; &Sdaeao;onf/ xkdrdef;uav;um; csLusL;yifwnf;/ csLusL;\ rsufESmwGif tvGefw&m pdk;&drfaomu a&mufaeonfh t&dyfta&mifrsm; ay:aeonf/ pm;yGJay:wGifvnf; opfom;jym;wpfck axmifxm;aMumif; awGU&ojzifh taotcsm Munhfvkdufrdonf/ opfom;jym;ay:ü a&;omxm;onfrSm ... ]]tm;vD\ ½kyfuvmyf}} [lí yifwnf;/ bk&m;pm½GwfoHrsm;Mum;rS csLusL;\ wD;wkd; a&½GwfaeoHudkvnf; oJhoJhrQ Mum;ae&onf/ ]]tm;vD ....tm;vD ighudk cGifhvTwfygawmh? tck jyKvkyfwJh aumif;rIaMumifh rif; aumif;&mok*wd a&mufygapawmh? rdkufrSm;rdcJhwJh ighudk vnf; raESmifh,SufygeJYawmh}} [lusif;onf xkdtcgusrS onfjrifuGif;ESifh ywfoufí em;vnf oabmaygufoGm;awmhonf/ csLusL;onf tm;vDtwGuf bk&m;pmrsm; ½Gwfzwfaeckdif;jcif;yif jzpfawmhonf/ csLusL;onf twefMumaomtcg rwfwyf&yfvkdufNyD; jywif;ayguf&Sd&mokdY jznf;nif;pGm rsufESmrl vkdufrdonf/ xkdtcg olr\ rsufESmonf xdwfvefYrIaMumifh aoG;r&SdawmhouJhodkY qGwfqGwfjzLoGm; NyD; pl;pl;0g;0g; atmf[pfvkdufawmhonf/ ]]tm;vD ...rif; ...rif;? vmjyefNyD}} bk&m;ausmif; cef;rMuD; wpfckvHk;udk olr\ pl;pl;0g;0g; toHu zHk;vTrf;oGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;onf csLusL;Munh&f mbufoYkd vSr;f Munhf vku d af omtcg aygufjyJaeaom jywif;ayguf puúLay:wGif rsufEmS wpfck ay:aeNyD; xkdrsufESmwGif "m;'Pf&mrsm; jynfhESufaeawmhonf/ [lusif;udk,fwkdifyif wkefvIyfacsmufcsm; oGm;um vGwfceJY atmfvkdufrdrwuf jzpfoGm;&onf/ xk'd Pf&mjzifh jynhEf u S af eaom rsufEmS rSm tjcm;ol\ rsufEmS r[kwf aooGm;NyDjzpfaom tm;vD\ rsufEmS yif jzpfaeonf/ [lusif;onf csufcsif; ckefxGufNyD;oGm;a&muf EIwfquf&ef pdwful;vkdufrdonf/ odkYaomf ...ol\ ajcaxmufrsm;udk vHk;0 ra½GUvsm;EdkifyJ jzpfaeonf/ ajcaxmufESpfbufpvHk; awmifhwif;vsuf&SdNyD; ajrjyifü tjrpfwG,faeouJhodkY jzpfaecJh&onf/ xkdcPtwGif;rSmyif tm;vD\ rsufESmonf aysmufuG,foGm;ayNyD/ csLusL;rSmrl rwfwyf&yfae&mrS ]0kef;} ceJY jydKvJusoGm;um arhajrmoGm;awmhonf/ 952
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; [lusif;onf ½kwfw&uf atmf[pfvkdufonf/ ]]tm;vD ...tm;vD rif; b,frSmvJ? b,fudk a&mufoGm;NyD;vJ}} [lusif;\ toHonf a&Smifvifausmif;wkduf awmifukef;MuD; wpfckvHk;okdY [def;xGuf ysHUvGifhoGm;awmhonf/ tm;vD\ toHrSmrl vHk;0 rMum;&awmhay/ rnfonfh xl;oHrQ rMum;&yJ? tm;vD aysmufuG,f oGm;jyefavNyD/ [lusif;onf ol\ pdwf"mwfudk jyefvnf wnfjidrfoGm;atmif vkyfEkdifNyDjzpfí csufcsif;yif aemufrS ajy;vkdufoGm;awmhonf/ odkYaomf ...[lusif; awmtkyfMuD; twGif;a&muf&Sdaomtcg tusÐ euf 0wfqifxm;aom rdef;uav;\ t&dyfta,mifrQudkyif rjrif&awmh acs/ awmtkyfMuD;wpfckvHk;rSmrl at;jraom va&mifatmufwGif jidrf;csrf; pGm jidrfouf wdwfqdwfvsuf &SdaeavNyD/ [lusif;\ pdwfxJwGif xyfcg wvJvJ a&½Gwfaerdonf/ ]][kwfw,f ...[kwfw,f? olrS olyJ? 'gaMumifhrdkYom olY aemufausmjyifudk ig rsufpd,Ofaewmudk;? ol[m wu,fyJ tm;vD jzpf&vdrfhr,f}} a&Smifvifbkef;awmfMuD;rsm;onf ausmif;0if; jyifywGif atmf[pfoHrsm; Mum;vdkuf&ojzifh ajy;xGuf vmMuawmhonf/ [lusif; jzpfaeonfudk awGUvkduf&aomtcg tvGef tHhMooGm;Mu&onf/ olwkdY\ *dkPf;csKyfMuD; usef;[lusif;onf tb,faMumifh awmftkyfMuD;twGif; wpfa,mufwnf; atmf[pfaeonfudk rpOf;pm;wufatmif jzpfaeMu&onf/ [lusif;url bkef;awmfMuD;rsm;udk EIwfqufvkdufNyD; bk&m;cef;r xJodkY0ifum csLusL;udk Munhfvkdufonf/ csLusL;rSm arhajrmaeqJyif jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;onf rsufcHk;ESpfckMum;&Sd taMumudk jznf;nif;pGm ESdyfay;vkdufonfhtcgwGifrl csLusL; jyeffvnf owd&vmawmhonf/ olronf [lusif;udk awGUvkduf&onfESifh [lusif;\ &ifcGifwGif;odkY twif;wkd;0ifum xdwfvefYwMum; atmf[pfvkdufjyefonf/ ]]o&J ...o&J}} [lusif;u csLusL;tm; acsmharmhESpfodrfhvkdufonf/ ]]csLusL; ...owdxm;yg csLusL;&,f? 'Dudpö[m odyfxl;qef;aew,f tjzpfrSefodatmif awmfawmf MudK;pm;OD;r,f? rif;tzdkYawmh bmrS aMumufp&m r&Sdygbl;? 'DrSm q&mawmfMuD;awG trsm;MuD;&SdaewmyJ? rif;rSm &SdaewJh xdwfvefY aMumuf½GHUaewJh tpGJudk q&mawmfMuD;awGu cRwfay;rSmaygh}} csLusL;onf e*dkrlvu tajymtqkd taetxdkif &nfrGefodrfarGU aom rdef;uav;wpfa,muf jzpfonf/ ,cktcsdefürl tvGefaMumufvefY aeonfu wpfaMumif;? [lusif;onf olr\ cspfoljzpfaeonfu wpf aMumif;wkdYaMumifh ywf0ef;usifudk vHk;0 owdrjyKrdawmhbJ? [lusif;udkom aMumuftm;vefYtm; ayGUzufaerdjcif; jzpfayawmhonf/ csLusL;onf [lusif;\ acsmharmhESpfodrfhonfh pum;rsm;udk Mum; vkdufrdaomtcg rdrdwkdY\ ywfvnfwGif q&mawmfMuD;rsm; &Sdaeonfudk owd&vkdufNyD; uref;uwef; [lusif;udk vTwfvdkufum rdrd\ cE¨mudk,f udk xdef;xdef;odrf;odrf; jyKjyKjyifjyif aevkdufrdawmhonf/ odkYaomf [lusif;\ vufudkrl vHk;0 rvTwfbJ twif; qkyfudkifxm;onf/ olr\ vufonf at;pufvsuf &SdaeNyD; wpfudk,fvHk;onfvnf; wqwfqwf wkefvsuf &Sdaeawmhonf/ twefMumrS csLusL; pum; ajymEdkifawmhonf/ ]]tpfudk ...tpfudk ...uRefr olYudk awGUvkduf&w,f? wu,fhudk awGUvkduf&w,f}} ]]at; ...[kwfw,f? rif;wif awGUwm r[kwfbl;? igvJ awGUvkduf &w,f}} ]]tm;vDukd}} csLusL;onf wpfcsufrQ atmf[pfNyD; xyfrH arhajrmoGm;jyefawmh\ [lusif;u vSrf;í xdef;xm;ojzifh atmufodkYjydKvJ usroGm;jcif; jzpf awmhonf/ twefMumrS csLusL; owdjyefvnfvmonf/ [lusif;u ... 953
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]csLusL; ...rif; bmjzpfvkdY 'Davmuf xdwfvefYae&wmvJ? ig tm;vDukd awGUvkduf&wm trSefyJ? olYudk vltjzpfeJY awGUvdkuf&wmyg? ol ...o&J r[kwfygbl;}} [lusif;onf tm;vDukd rnfokdY pawGUNyD; rnfodkY aemufa,mifcH vkdufcJhyHkudk ajymjyvkdufonf/ odkYrSom csLusL;tzdkY pdwfoufom&m &oGm;ayvdrfhrnf/ aemufq;kH wGif a&Smifvifbek ;f awmfMuD;rsm;udk EIwq f ufí vlpck JG vku d Mf uonf/ csLusL;rSmrl wpfa,mufwnf; jzpfaeojzifh [lusif;ESifhyif vkdufvmawmhonf/ olwkdYESpfa,muf a&Smifvifbkef;awmfMuD;ausmif;ESifh twefuGmvSrf;onfh ae&modkY a&muf&Sdvmaomtcg csLusL;onf [lusif;udk rSDwGJí avQmufaeawmhonf/ [lusif;\ vufudkvnf; wif;usyfpGm qkyfudkifxm;onf/ csLusL; trSefwu,f xdwfvefY aMumuf½GHUaeonfudk [lusif; taejzihf od&Sdxm;ojzifh olr\ vufuav;udkvnf; tm;ay; onfh taejzifh jyefvnf qkyfudkifxm;rdonf/ xkdokdY El;nHh odrfarGUaom tawGUtxd/ oif;ysHUaom &eHYuav; rsm;udk aygif;pyf cHpm;rdaomtcg [lusif;\ &ifxJwGif tcspfaoG;rsm; qlMuGvmouJhodkY jzpfvmjyefawmhonf/ csLusL;onf ½kwfw&uf oufjyif;cs&if; ... ]]tpfudk ...[lusif;? uRefrwkdY ESpfa,muf i,fi,fwkef;u jrpfxJrSm avSpD;&if; awGUcJhMu&w,f? aemufawmh q&mMuD; usef;qef;zkef;u uRefrwkYdudk rGef*dkawG vufxJuaeNyD; u,fwifcJhw,f? uRefrudkawmh 0gar*dkPf;udk ykdYay;cJhw,f? uRefrav ...tckrS pOf;pm;rdw,f? tckvkd rjidrf;rcsrf;eJY 'ku© tMuD;tus,f a&mufMu&r,fh twlwl [dkwkef;uwnf;u aooGm;&if odyfaumif;rSmyJvkdY? tckawmh 'D'ku©awG cg;pnf;NyD; cHpm;zkdY touf&SifcJh&ovkd jzpfaewmyJaemf}} [l u sif ; onf csLusL;\ tm;tif c snf h e J Y í EG r f ; vsaom avoH u av;ud k Mum;vk d u f & aomtcg oufjyif;wpfcsuf csvkdufrdonf/ csLusL;onf wkd;n§if;aom avoHuav;jzifh qufajymaeonf/ ]]wu,fvdkY q&mMuD; usef;qef;zkef;uom uRefrudk [lwef;*dkPf;rSmyJ vufcHvkduf&if tckvkd tajctaersKd; a&mufcsifrS a&mufawmhrSm/ tpfudk [lusif;a&m uRefra&m at;at;csrf;csrf; jzpfaeMuzkdY rsm;w,f? uRefr&JU q&mrMuD;vJ uRefrtay:rSmawmh aumif;cJhygw,f? 'g ...'gayr,fh olu uRefrudk &uf&ufpufpuf usdefpmawG qkdckdif;w,f? tvif;rmef*dkPf;udk rkef;&r,fwJh? 'g ...'gayr,fh uRefr pdwfxJrSm tpfudk [lusif;udk enf;enf;rS r ...}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ pum;rsm;ukd Mum;vdkuf&aomtcg ol\ pdwfrsm;udk wnfjidrfatmif renf; MudK;pm;ae&awmhonf/ [lusif;taejzifhvnf; od&Sd oabmaygufNyD;ayNyD/ csLusL;taejzifh þrQ qkd;0g;aom tajctaeudk usa&mufcJh&jcif; rSm rsufMuG,fq&mrMuD;\ ya,m*yif jzpfawmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh [lusif;onf awGa0 ai;armae rdawmonf/ csLusL;u... ]]tpfudk [lusif; ...a[mifusL;NrdKUrSm tpfudkeJY uRefr vufxyfcgeD;usrS bmjzpfvkdY ausmufrdefu wpfcsufwnf; ac:wmeJY vdkufoGm;&wmvJ? uRefrudk wu,fyJ jywfoGm;&ufw,f/ uRefr tonf;ESvHk;awG uGJaMurwuf cHpm;&w,fodvm;? tpfudku bmjzpfvdkY olYudk 'Davmufawmif oabmusae&wmvJ}} [lusif;u ... ]]at; ...igvJ rif;udk 'Dudpö &Sif;jyaewmyg? a&Smifvifbk&m; ausmif; odkif;jydKifyGJxJrSm rif; 0ifvmwkef;uvJ ig tenf;tusOf; &Sif;jy cJhzl;ao;w,f? rif;u pdwfqdk;aeawmh taMumif;pHkudk aoaocsmcsm &Sif;rjyEkdifcJhbl;}} [lusif;onf olYtaejzifh rnfonhftaMumif;aMumifh vkdufoGm;cJhyHk oepfpHkudk &Sif;jyvkdufonf/ csLusL;onf em;axmifNyD;aomtcg crfvSrf;vSrf;&Sd ausmufwHk;MuD;rsm;&Sd&mokdY ac:aqmifNyD; wpfa,muf wpfwHk;pD xkdifvkdufMuonf/ [lusif;onf csLusL;udk ar;vkdufonf/ ]]uJ ...ig&Sif;jyorQawG[m tm;vHk; trSefawGcsnf;ygyJ? tck aemufykdif;rSm rif;vJ tjrifyJ? ighukd pdwfqkd;aeao;ovm;[if}} csLusL;onf tvGef pdwfxdckdufoGm;ojzifh ½Idufiifí ajymvkdufrdonf/ 954
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]wu,fawmh tpfudk [lusif;tjypf r[kwfygbl;? 'Dtrkdufr&JU tjypfawGyg? uReffr&JU trSm;awGcsnf;ygyJ? olrsm;udk pdwfqkd;&if b,f w&m;yghrvJ}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ ycHk;uav;ukd yGwfoyfESpfodrfhvkduf jyefonf/ ]]ud k , f h u d k , f u k d v J 'D a vmuf tjypf r wif y geJ Y csLusL;&,f ? uH M ur® m aph a qmf v mwJ h t cg 'D v k d jzpfwwfMuwmcsnf;ygyJ? rif;rSmvJ rif; usL;vGefcJhwJh tjypfawGtwGuf pdwfaomu a0'emawG awmfawmfav; cHpm;cJh&NyD;NyDyJ? udk,fhudk,fudk pdwfoufom&m&atmif &SmMuHawG;rSmaygh csLusL;&,f}} csLusL;onf acgif;uav; ½kwfw&uf armhNyD; ar;vkdufonf/ ]]tpfukd [lusi;f udk uRerf pum;wpfceG ;f ar;r,f? tpfukd [lusi;f &JU &ifxrJ mS &Sw d hJ wu,hf tppftrSew f &m;udk rvdrfwrf; rnmwrf; zGifhajym&r,faemf? bmrS xdef0Sufrxm;&bl;}} [lusif;onf pOf;pOf;pm;pm;jzifh ajzvkdufonf/ ]]at;yg? ar;yg? rvdrfwrf; rnmwrf; ajzyghr,f}} ]]uRefr odxm;wm &Sdw,f? 'DavmuMuD;xJrSm tpfukd [lusif; pdwfxJrSm wu,fESpfESpfumum cspfcJhwJh rdef;uav; av;a,muf&SdcJhw,f? tJ'D av;a,mufxJrSm wpfa,mufuawmh tDMunfudk jyefoGm;wJh a&Smifacsmif;? aemufwpfa,mufuawmh ausmufrdef? aemufwpfa,muf uawmh ol ...ol ...tm;vD}} csLusL;onf tm;vD\ emrnfodkY a&mufaomtcg ½kwfw&uf rajym0HhouJhokdY wkefYqkdif;wkeYfqdkif; jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ tm;vD\ emrnfqHk;oGm;rS ol\ avoHonf a&Sma&Sm½SL½SLESifh tqifajyoGm;onf/ ]]a&Smifacsmif;uawmh tpGeftzsm;a'oudk jyefoGm;vkdY pum;xJ xnfhrajymcsifawmhygbl;? 'gayr,fh tpfudk[lusif;udk apmfapmfum;um; rvkyfcJhbl;qkdvdkY a&Smifacsmif;wpfa,mufyJ &Sdw,f? usefwJh uRefrwkdY oHk; a,mufpvHk;u tpfudk [lusif;udk xdxdcdkufckduf apmfum;cJhbl;wmcsnf;yJ wu,fvkdY uRefrwdkY av;a,mufpvHk; tpfudk[lusif;a&SUrSm &SdaeNyD qkdygawmh? 'Dav;a,mufxJrSm b,folYudk tcspfqHk;vJvkdY ar;&if tpfudk [lusif; b,fvkdajzrvJ? tpfudk[lusif;&JU wu,fh tppftrSef pum;ukd uRefr Mum;csif odcsifygw,f} [lusif;onf apmapmu csLusL; pum;yv’ifcHaeuwnf;u cufcufcJcJ jyóemudk ar;rnf[kawmh rSe;f qrdco hJ nf/ ,ckuo hJ Ydk tajz &cufrnfh jyóem jzpfvrd rhf nf[ak wmh rxifrw S rf cd ahJ y/ [lusif;onf awGa0oGm;NyD; ... ]]'g ...'gawmh ...}} yifv,fjyifwGif rdef;uav; av;a,mufESifh vGifarsmaepOftcg þjyóemukd pOf;pm;rdcJhao;onf/ xkdpOf tcgu olYpdwfxJwGif ay:aygufvmcJhrdonfh tawG;rSm ... ]]ig ...'Dred ;f uav; av;a,mufxu J b,foel YJ vufxyf vufxyf usew f o hJ ;kH a,mufuawmh awmfawmfav; pdwfxdckdufoGm;Mu rSmyJ}} [k awG;rdcJhonf/ xkdYaMumifh þtaMumif;ESifh yufowfí rpOf;pm;rdap&ef tNrJwrf; a&Smifwdrf;aecJhonf/ pOf;pm;vkdufwkdif; &ifxJwGif rcsrf;raNrh jzpf&vGef aomaMumifh jzpfonf/ [lusif;onf rdef;uav; av;a,mufpvHk;tay: cspfaerdonfrSm trSefjzpfonf/ þrdef;uav; av;a,mufpvHk;onfvnf; wpfa,muf wpfrsKd; cspfp&maumif;aeonf r[kwfygvm;/ odkYaomf aemufykdif;wGif tajctaersm; tvGef ajymif;vJoGm;cJh& onf/ a&Smifacsmif;onf rarQmfvifhbJESifh tDMunfodkY jyefoGm;cJh&ojzifh olESifh vHk;0 uGJuGmoGm;cJh&onf/ tm;vD\ aoqHk;rI e*g;Edkif"m; aysmufqHk;rIrsm;twGuf ausmufrdefudk txifvGJcJhojzifh csLusL;wpf a,mufwnf;udkom ½dk;ajrus cspfygawmhrnf[k qHk;jzwfcJhonf/ rnfodkY yif qHk;jzwfcJhaomfvnf; csLusL;ESifh vufxyf&rnfh tqifhokdY vHk;0 ra&muf&SdcJh&yJ ausmufrdefaemufodkY vkdufygcJh&NyD; ,ckuJhodkY tjzpfrSef tm;vHk; ay:aygufvmonfh tajctaeodkY ajymif;vJcJh&jyefonf/ ,ck ausmufrdefonf olYudk EIwfrqufbJ ½kwfw&uf xGufcGm oGm;jyefavNyD/ csLusL;onf [lusif;xHrS pum;jyef r&awmhbJ awGa0ai;armae onfudk awGU&aomtcg olru [lusif; pOf;pm;Edkifrnfh tawG;abmifudk xyfrHusOf;ay;vkdufjyefonf/
955
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]uRefr ar;wJhar;cGef;u pdwful;,OfNyD; ar;wJh ar;cGef;yg? wu,f awmh a&Smifacsmif;u tDMunfu jyefa&mufvmEkdifp&m taMumif; r&Sdawmhygbl;? uRefru tm;vDudk 'ku©a&mufatmif vkyfcJhwJhvlqkdawmh ausmufrdefwpfa,mufyJ usefawmhwmaygh? 'gayr,fh ar;wJhar;cGef;u wpfrsKd;yg? uRefrwkdY oHk;a,mufpvHk;rSm bmrSajymp&m r&Sdbl;qdk&if tpfudk[lusif; b,folYudk a½G;rvJ qkdwmyg}} xkdtcgusrS [lusif; touf0ifvmouJhokdY vIyfvIyf&Sm;&Sm; jzpf vmNyD; wdusjywfom;aom avoHjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]csLusL; ...'Dupd u ö kd ig pOf;pm;cJw h m MumygNyD? ightaeeJY tajz& atmif vH;k 0 rpOf;pm;Ekid cf yhJ gbl;? trSet f wdik ;f ajym&&ifawmh tajz&atmif rpOfpm;Ekdifbl;qkdwmxuf rpOf;pm;&Jbl; qkdwmu ykdrSefvdrfhr,f? 'gayr,fh 'DaeYusawmh igh&ifxJu b,folYudk tcspfqHk;qkdwm od&awmhw,f}} xkdtcg csLusL;onf tvGef pdwfvIyf&Sm;pGmjzifh tarmwaum ar;vkdufonf/ ]]b,folvJ ...ausmufrdefvm;}} [lusif;u wdwdususyif ajzvkdufonf/ ]][kwfw,f ...ausmufrdefyJ? ig 'DaeY wpfaeYvHk; olYudk vkduf&SmaewmyJ? awGUEkd;awGUEkd;eJY &Smae&wm b,favmuf yifyef;w,frSwfovJ? vlyifyef;wm r[kwfbl;? pdwfyifyef;aewm? olab;tEÅ&m,f wpfckckrsm; usa&mufaeovm; touftEÅ&m,f wpfckckrsm; xdckdufaeovm;vkdY wpfcsdefvHk; pdk;&drfae&w,f? 'DtylawG aomuawGaMumifh igh&ifcGif wpfck vHk;aygufuGJrwwf jzpfae&NyD? olYudkom rawGU&awmhbl;qkd&if igvJ touf&SifawmhrSm r[kwfbl;}} [lusif;onf aqG;aqG;jrnfhjrnfh ajymvkdufNyD; rjrif&aom ta0; wpfae&mokdY ausmufrdefudk pdwftawG;jzifh awGUvkdawGUjim; arQmfvifh[ef jzifh awGa0 ai;armMunhfaeawmhonf/ NyD;rS ...qufajymjyefonf/ ]]a&Smifacsmif; ...tDMunfukd jyefomG ;wke;f u ig pdwx f cd u dk cf w hJ ,f? tm;vD aoqH;k oGm;wke;f uqk&d if ydNk yD;awmif pdwfxdckdufcJhao;w,f? aemufykdif;rSm rif; 'Dvkd aMuuGJp&mawG jzpfvmwmudkvnf; od&a&m rif; twGuf ig &ifemcJh&w,f? oem;vJ oem;cJhw,f? 'gayr,fh ...}} [lusif;\ pum;onf acwÅ qkdif;iHhoGm;jyefonf/ ol\&ifwGif ESvHk;wGif;rS xGufay:vmaom avoHjzifh av;eufpGm xyfajymvkduf onf/ ]]ausmufred u f dk 'DwpfoufrmS rawGU&awmhb;l qd&k ifawmh ightzkYd 'DavmuMuD;xJrmS touf&iS af evkYd tykyd gyJ? ausmufred f r&Sb d eJ YJ 'DavmuMuD;xJrmS igwpfa,mufwnf; ae&vkYd bmrS t"dygÜ ,f r&Sad wmhygbl;? 'Dvdk cHpm;csufrsKd;udk a&Smifacsmif;eJY yufowfNyD;vJ rcHpm;cJhzl;bl;? rif;eJY yufowfNyD;vJ rcHpm;cJhzl;bl;? 'gawG[m igh&ifxJ ESvHk;om;xJu xGufvmwJh opömpum;awGyg}} [l u sif ; onf pum;qH k ; aomtcg awG a 0ai;armoG m ;jyef a wmh o nf / csLusL;onf jid r f o uf p G m em;axmifaeNyD;rS wkd;nif;aom toHjzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]][dkwpfaeYu aejynfawmfrSm uRefrwkdY twlwl &SdaeMuwkef;u tpfudk[lusif; t&ufqkdifuav;udk r&nf½G,fbJeJY a&mufoGm;NyD; ausmufrdefeJY oGm;awGUw,f r[kwfvm;? tJ'Duwnf;u uRefr odyg w,f? tjyifyef; tjrifawmh ausmufrdefudk omrefavmufyJ oabmxm;ovkdyJ? 'gayr,hf tpfudk[lusif;&JU twGif;pdwfuawmh ausmufrdefudk ESpfESpfumum cspfaewmudk uRefr aumif;aumif;odvkdufw,f? 'gaMumifhrdkY roGm;bl;vkdY b,favmufyJ &nf½G,f &nf½G,f twGif;pdwfu vIHUaqmfawmh ausmufrdef &Sdvkd&Sdjim;qkdNyD; oGm;rdawmhwmyJ}} ]]'gayr,fh uRefruawmh pdwful;,OfrdcJhygao;w,f? uRefr&JU vufxyfNyD;&ifawmh tpfudk [lusif; ausmufrdefudk arhoGm;awmhrSmyJvkdY? tckawmh uRefr odygNyD? tJ'Dwkef;u uRefr pdwful;,OfcJhwmawG vHk;0 rjzpfEkdifbl;qkdwm bmjzpfvdkYvJqkdawmh tpfudk[lusif;u ausmufrdefudk wu,f cspfaewmudk;}} [lusif;onf tvGef pdwfxdckdufaom avoHjzifh csLusL;tm; ajymvkdufonf/ ]]csLusL; ...igrif;udk tNrJ av;pm;cJhw,f? tm;vDukdawmh oli,fcsif;wpfa,mufvkdyJ cspfcifcJhw,f? a&Smifacsmif;udkawmh ighESrav;wpfa,mufvkdyJ oabmxm;cJhw,f? tif; ...ausmufrdefukdawmh ig ...ig tlvIdufonf;vIduf cspfcJhygw,f}} csLusL;onf [lusif;ajymonfh pum;udk jyefí a&½Gwfaejyefonf/ 956
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]tlvIdufonf;vIduf cspfw,f}} csLusL;onf t½I;uJhodkY wwGufwGufeJY wD;wkd; a&½Gwfae&mrS xl;xl;qef;qef; pum;av;udk [lusif; Mum;vkduf&onf/ ]]tpfudk [lusif; od&JUvm;[if? uRefr ...uRefruvJ tpfudk [lusif;udk tlvIdufonf;vIduf cspfcJhwmygyJ tpfukd&,f}} [lusif;onf rnfonfhpum;rQ jyefrajymEkdifawmhay/ olwkYdESpfa,mufpvHk;\ tonf;ESvHk;rsm;onf tawmrowfaom a0'emrsm; aMumifh emusifpGm cHpm;vsuf &SdaeMu&onf/ [lusif;onf rnfonfh pum;rQ rajymwufawmhojzifh csLusL;\ vufuav;uko d m wif;usypf mG qkyu f idk x f m;vku d rf ad wmhonf/ ½kww f &uf csLusL;u ... ]]tpfudk[lusif; ...wu,fvkdY ausmufrdef 'Dudk vHk;0 jyefrvmcJh&if 'grSr[kwf olYudk vlqkd;olqkd;awGu owfypfcJh&if? 'grSr[kwf olu tpfukd[lusif;ukd rcspfawmhbl;vkdY pdwfajymif;oGm;cJh&if tpfudk[lusif; b,fvkd qHk;jzwfrvJ[if}} [lusif;onf ausmufrdeftwGuf tvGef pdk;&drfaomu a&mufaecJh &oljzpf&m csLusL;u qkd;0g;aom tjzpftysufrsm;ESifh erdwfjyar;vkduf onfhtcgwGifrl vHk;0 rxdef;EdkifawmhbJ ½IdufoHyif ygvmawmhonf/ ]]ig ...igawmh rodawmhbl;? 'gayr,fh bmawG b,fvdkyJ jzpfjzpf olYudk rawGUawGUatmif igwpfoufvHk; vkduf&SmawmhrSmyJ}} csLusL;onf oufjyif;wpfcsuf ½Idufvkdufum ... ]]ol b,fawmhrS tpfudk[lusif;tay: pdwf"mwfajymif;vJrSm r[kwfygbl;? wu,fawmh ausmufrdef[m tpfudkYtay:rSm wu,fhudk ESpfESpfumum cspf&Smoluav;yg? tpfudk olYudk &Smcsif&if vG,fvG,f uav;yJ}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ pum;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg xckefrdrQ rwuf 0rf;omoGm;NyD; ... ]]csLusL; ...ol ...ol b,frSmvJ? ig b,frSmvkduf&Sm&rSmvJ [if? ajymprf;yg? ighukd ajymprf;yg}} csLusL;onf [lusif;\ rsufESmudk aocsmpGm pl;pdkufMunhfvkduf onf/ [lusif;\ rsufvHk;rsm;rS wqifh [lusif;\ ESvHk;om;rsm;udk jrifvkduf&aomtcg ausmufrdeftwGuf 0rf;omrdaomfvnf; olrtwGuf tvGefyif aMuuGJ0rf;enf;rdawmhonf/ olru wkd;nif;aom avoH uav;jzifh ajymvkdufonf/ ]]tpfudk[lusif; tpfudk[m uRefrtwGufeJY b,fwkef;urS 'Davmuf pdwfrvIyf&Sm;zl;bl;? tck Munhfprf;? ausmufrdeftwGuf pdwf vIyf&Sm;aevkdufwm?uJ ...tpfudk[lusif;u ausmufrdef b,frSm&Sdw,f qkdwm odcsif&if uRefr awmif;qkdcsuf wpfckudk aqmif½Gufay;yghr,fvkdY uwday;&r,f? EkdYrdkYqkd&ifawmh tpfudk[lusif; ...ausmufrdefudk wpfoufvHk; &SmawGUawmhrSm r[kwfbl;}} ]]rif;u ighukd b,fvkd uwdrsKd; ay;ckdif;rSmvJ}} ]]'Dudpöukd tckcsufcsif;awmh uRefr pOf;pm;vdkY r&ao;bl;? aemuf awmhrSyJ tpfudk[lusif;udk ajymjyyghr,f? 'gayr,fh ...wpfckawmh MudKNyD; owday;xm;yghr,f? uRefr aqmif&Guf&r,fh udp[ ö m tpfudk[lusif;eJY okdif;avmuMuD; wpfckvHk;udk xdckduf tusKd;,kwfapr,fh udpörsKd; r[kwf ap&ygbl;}} [lusif;onf wpfcsdefu ausmufrdefajymcJhaom avoHrsKd;jzifh csLusL;u ,ck ajymvmaomtcg ½kwfw&uf uwdray;&Jawmhacs/ odYk aomf ...csLusL;\ NcGi;f csufpum;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? ausmufred f twGuf jzpfaejcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif; aqmif&Gufay;rnf jzpfaMumif; csufcsif;yif oabmwlnDvkdufawmhonf/ xkdtcg csLusL;onf NyHK;í ajymvkdufonf/ ]]uJ ...[dkrSm Munhfprf;? b,folvJ qkdwm}} csLusL;onf ausmufwHk;wpfwHk;\ aemufbuf&Sd csKHykwfMuD;udk vufjzifh z,f&Sm;um [lusif;tm; jyvkdufawmhonf/ xkdcsKHykwfMuD;\ aemufuG,fwGif rdef;uav;wpfa,muf xkdifvsuf &Sdaeonf/ ausmufrdef jzpfacsonfwum;/ ausmufred o f nf NyHK;í [lusif;udk pdu k Mf unhaf eonf/ [lusif; onf vTwcf eJY 0rf;omtm;& atmfvu dk rf o d nf/ ]]ausmufrdef}} 957
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; odkY&mwGif xl;xl;qef;qef;yif cyfvSrf;vSrf;&Sd csKHykwfwpfcktwGif; rS ][if}ceJY oufjyif;csvkdufonfh rdef;uav;wpfa,muf\ toHvkdvkd Mum;vkduf&onf/ odkYaomf ...[lusif;onf ausmufrdefudk awGUvkduf& ojzifh xdktoHudk trIrJh trSwfrJhyif aevdkufrdNyD; ausmufrdef\ vufudk qGJukdifvkdufonf/ ausmufrdef rvIyfr,Suf xkdifaejcif;rSm taMumydwf cHxm;&í jzpfayonf/ csLusL;onf ausmufrdefudk taMumydwfvdkufNyD; þcsKHMuD;wGif zGufxm;vkdufojzifh rdrd wpfcsdefvHk; &SmrawGUcJh&jcif; jzpfawmhonf/ ausmufred \ f rsufEmS uav;rSmrl va&mifatmufwiG f 0if;vuf awmufyvsuf &Sad eonf/ rsufEmS wpfjyifv;kH wGifvnf; ysm;&nfqrf; xm;ouJhodkY csKdjrvsuf &Sdaeonf/ olrrS raysmfvQif rnfol aysmfavrnfenf;/ olru &ifeifhaeatmif cspfaeolu olr aemufuG,fü olrudk rnfrQ cspfae&aMumif; &ifzGifhoHukd olr Mum;vkduf&NyD;NyD r[kwfygvm;/ csLusL;onf cg;udk ukdifvkdufNyD; [lusif;\ em;çem;okdYuyfcg wpfpHkwpfckudk wD;wkd; ajymvkdufonf/ [lusif;uvnf; wD;wkd;yif jyef ajzvkdufonf/ ½kwfw&uf csLusL;u atmfvkdufonf/ ]]usef;[lusif; ...&Si[ f m tawmf rsufpad owJv h yl ?J &Sihf ausmufred f udk aoaocsmcsm Munhpf rf; tqdyo f ifah eNyD awGU&JUvm;? 'Davmuf awmif tqdyfrdaewJhOpöm? touf&SifEkdifzkdY enf;vrf; &SdygOD;rvm;}} [lusif;u xdwfvefYpGmjzifh atmfvkdufonf/ ]]bm ...bmajymw,f? ol tqdyfoifhaew,f [kwfvm;}} [lusif;onf cg;udkudkif;í ausmufrdef\ rsufESmudk aocsmpGm iHkYMunhfvkdufonf/ xkdtcg csLusL;u aemufbufrSaeí [lusif;\ taMumudk xkd;ydwfvkdufawmhonf/ olronf taMumajcmufckudk qufwkduf xkd;ydwfvkdufaomtcg [lusif;onf vHk;0 cHEkdif&nf r&SdawmhbJ vJusoGm;awmhonf/ xdkYaemuf csLusL;onf "m;udk qGJxkwfvkdufNyD; [lusif;&ifbufudk xkd;csdefum twdtvif; zGifhajymvkdufawmhonf/ ]]uJ ...tckrSawmh rxl;awmhygbl;? &Sifhudkyg 'DaeY taoowfypfr,f? tm;vD&JU vdyfjymu uRefrudk tNrJwrf;vkdvdk vmajcmufvSefYae wmqkdawmh uRefrvJ oufqkd;&SnfrSm r[kwfygbl;? 'Dawmh aor,fh twlwl tm;vHk;aowm ykdaumif;w,f}} olronf "m;udk ukdifaNr§mufNyD;? [lusif;\ &if0odkY xkd;pdkuf&ef [efjyifvkdufonf/ xkdtcg aemufbufrS rdef;uav;toH wpfoH xGufay:vmonf/ ]]aeOD; csLusL; tm;vD raoao;ygbl;}} csLusL;onf toHMum;&m aemufodkY vSnfhMunfhvdkufaomtcg tusÐeuf 0wfqifxm;aom rdef;uav; wpfa,muf ckefxGufvmonf udk awGUvkduf&onf/ olr\ rsufESmwGif "m;'Pf&m rSdefysysuav;rsm;udkom va&mifatmufü jrifawGUae&\/ odkYaomf ..."m;'Pf&mrsm;onf olr\ rsufESmtvSudk ysufjy,fatmif rpGrf;EkdifMuacs/ [lusif;onf aoaocsmcsm avhvm tuJcwfvkdufaomtcg ol\ wpf0rf;uGJ nDrav; tm;vD jzpfaeaMumif; awGU&ayonf/ olr\ rsufESmonf ,cifuJhodkY ñkdrnf;a&mifudkif;aejcif; vHk;0 r&SdawmhbJ e*dk yuwdrsufESm jzpfaeonf/ rSdefysys "m;'Pf&mrsm; &Sdaeaomfvnf; olr \ rsufESmuav;rSmrl cspfp&m aumif;qJyif/ csLusL;u "m;jzifh [lusif;&if0okdY axmufxm;NyD;? tm;vDudk vSrf;wm;vkdufonf/ ]]&Sif ...&Sif ...a&SUrwkd;eJYaemf? 'DrSm awGUvm;? olY&if0udk axmufxm;wmukd/ EkdYrdkqdk&ifawmh uRefr olYudk taoxkd;ypfvdkufrSmyJ}} tm;vDonf wu,fyif a&SUrwkd;&Jawmhay/ olr\ ajcvSrf;rsm;udk csufcsif; &yfqkdif;ypfvkdufNyD; pdwfylyefpGm ajymvkdufonf/ ]]rif; ...rif; ...'Davmuf tjypfawG usL;vGef cJhwmawmif rauseyfao;bl;? xyfNyD; usL;vGefOD;rvkdYaygh [kwfvm;? rif; wu,fhudk &ufpuf ,kwfrmwJh rdef;ryJ}} csLusL;u ]]rif;[m o&Jvm; ...vlvm; ...rSefrSefajym}} 958
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wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; þtajctaewGif [lusif;ESifh csLusL;wkdY\ vufxyfa&; udpMö uD; onf a&SUü rnfokdY jzpfvmayOD;rnfenf;/ xkt d ajctaersm;onf ausmufred u f MudKwifawG;jrifNyD; jzpfojzifh &ifarmvSavNyD/ [lusif; onf uwdysufwufaom olwpfa,muf r[kwfonfu &ifudk ydkarmap awmhonf/ xkdpOf csLusL;u ... ]]uJ ...uRefrwkdY jyefMu&atmif}} ausmufrdefu ... ]]b,fudk jyefrSmvJ? a&Smifvifbk&m;ausmif;udkvm;}} ]]&efa&mif? clwkd wdkYu awmifajcrSm ighudk apmifhaeMuw,f? igwkdY a&Smifvifausmif;udk jyefzdkY rvkdawmhbl;? awmifajcudkyJ qif;MupdkY}} odkYESifh oHk;a,mufom; awmifajcokdY qif;oufvmMuawmhonf/ awmifajcodkY a&mufaomtcg apmifhqkdif;aeaom &efa&mifESifh awGUqHk Mu&awmhonf/ [lusif;onf tvif;rmef*dkPf;\ awmfvSefa&;ppfwyfESifh yufoufonhf owif;rsm;udk &efa&miftm; ar;jref;vkdufonf/ &efa&mif uvnf; awmfvSefa&;ppfwyfESifh ywfoufonfh tajctaersm;udk ca&aphwGif;us &Sif;vif;wifjyonf/ rGef*dkppfwyfrsm;onf awmfvSefa&; ppfwyfrsm;\ tjyif;txef xkd;ESufrIudk rcHEkdifawmhojzifh ajrjyefYydkif;odkY jyefvnf qkwfcGmoGm;&aMumif;? ajrjyeffYwGifrl rGef*dkwyfrsm; tiftm; awmifhwif; MuHHhcdkifrI&Sdojzifh awmfvSefa&;ppfwyfrsm;onf tiftm;udk tcsnf;tESD; rjyKef;wD;rcHygyJ XmecsKyfodkY jyefvSnfh vmaMumif; &Sif;vif; ajymjyonf/ [lusif;onf rSmMum;p&m &Sdonfrsm;udk rSmMum;NyD; wm0efopf rsm;udk xyfrH cGJa0ay;vkdufonf/ olurl ol\ q&mbkd;bkd; usef;qef; zkef;ESifh rawGU&onfrSm MumNyDjzpfojzifh [lwef;awmifodkY oGm;a&muf rnfjzpfaMumif; &efa&mifwYdktm; today;vku d o f nf/ odYk EiS hf aemufwpfaeYwiG f [lusi;f onf &efa&mif tygt0if tvif;rmef*P kd ;f MuD;\ xdyfoD;odkif;orm; tm;vHk;udk EIwfqufNyD; ausmufrdefESifh qkdYcsif;pl;udk ac:í [lwef;awmifay:odkY wufa&muf&ef jyifqifMuawmhonf/ xkdpOf csLusL;u ... ]]uRefrvJ q&mMuD; usef;qef;zkef;udk vkdufawGUcsifygw,f? qkYdcsif;pl; tckvkdjzpf&wm uRefrtjypfvJ trsm;MuD;ygçygw,f? uRefr tjypfudk uRefr 0efcsawmif;yef&OD;r,f}} xkdYaMumifh csLusL;onfvnf; olr\ 0gar*dkPf;om;rsm;udk ac:í [lusif;wkdYESifhtwl [lwef;awmifay: odk h vkdufyg wufa&mufMuawmh onf/ oHk;&ufcefY Mumaomtcg [lusif;wkdYtm;vHk; [lwef;awmifay:odk h qkdufa&mufvmMuawmhonf/ [lusif;onf &Dvifwef;? usef;qHu k sD;? csifv&d eS w f Ydk oH;k a,mufEiS t hf wl twGi;f cef;odYk 0ifí q&mMuD; usef;qef;zke;f ESihf awGUqHkEIwfqufonf/ tcef;xJwGif csKd½Tifacsmif;ESifh &Dwkduf½TifwkYdudkvnf; awGU&\/ csKd½Tifacsmif;onf olYom;jzpfol qkdYcsif;pl;yg tjyifbufwGif a&muf&SdaeaMumif; Mum;odvkduf&aomtcg "m;udk qGJxkwfNyD; ajy;xGuf oGm;awmhonf/ [lusif;wkdYonfvnf; wm;vJtcuf rwm;vJtcuf jzpfaejcif;aMumifh csKd½Tifacsmif; aemufrSyif az;az;rrvkyf&ef ajy;vdkuf Mu&awmhonf/ csKd½Tifacsmif;onf a'gojzifh atmfvkdufrdonf/ ]]'Dvkd om;qkd;rsKd; vlYavmurSm qufxm;ae&if qefukefajrav; wpfa,muf ydkxm;ovkd jzpfaerSmaygh? 'DavmuMuD;rSm bmtusKd; ydkxl; rSmvJ}} odkYaomf olYom;rSm rsufESmwpfckvHk; ywfwD;pnf;xm;vsuf &SdNyD; rsufvHk;uav; ESpfvHk;rQom ay:aeonfukd awGU&S&d aomtcg "m;jzifh rxk;d owf&yJ J jzpfomG ;&awmhonf/ aemufq;kH wGif csK½d iT af csmif;onf ol\"m;udk olY0rf;Adu k o f Ykd xkd;pdkufcsvkdufawmhonf/ [lusif;onf pdk;&drfwMuD; apmifhMunhfaeol jzpf&m csKd½Tifacsmif; xkdodkY jyKvkdufonfESifh "m;udk qGJum qGJvk,lvkdufawmhonf/ ]]bMuD; ...'Dvdkawmh rvkyfygeJY? aoG;ylyleJY ½kwfw&uf 'Dvkd rqHk; jzwfoifhygbl;? q&mbkd;bkd;eJY aqG;aEG;wkdifyifMunhfwm[m rrSm;Ekdif ygbl;}} q&mMuD; usef;qef;zke;f onf qdYk csif;pl;ESihf ywfouforQ taMumif;pHk od&o dS mG ;aomtcg oufjyif;wpfcsufcs vkdufonf/ 961
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]tif; ...igwkdY [lwef;*dkPf;rSm 'Dvdk om;wynhfrsKd; vHk;0 r&Sdoifhbl;? r&SdoihfvsufeJY &Sdaejcif;[m rif;wkdY igwdkY tm;vHk;&JU tjypfyJ? 'Dvkd om;wynhfrsdK;u &Sdwmxuf r&Sdwmu ydkaumif;ygw,f}} q&mMuD; usef;qef;zkef;onf qdkYcsif;pl;\ &ifbufudk vuf0g;jzifh wpfcsuf yGwfoyfvdkufonf/ trSefpifppf q&mMuD;onf ol\ twGif;tm;udk oHk;um qkdYcsif;pl;udk &Sif;vif;ypfvkdufjcif;om jzpfonf/ rdrdOD;av;tay: opömazmufol? rdrd*dkPf;tay: opömazmufol wpfa,muf\ aemufqHk;oGm;&mvrf;um; 'Pf&m& t&SufwuGJ tusKd; enf;jzpfNyD; aoqHk;&jcif;yif jzpfawmhonf/ csKd½Tifacsmif;u 'l;axmufí q&mMuD; usef;qef;zkef;udk ajymvkduf onf/ ]]q&m ...uRefawmf&JUom; tckvkd ysufpD;qdk;oGrf;&wm[m uRefawmf&JU oGefoifqHk;rrI raumif;cJhvkdY tckvkd jzpfoGm;cJh&wmyg? om;orD;raumif; rdbacgif;yg? 'gaMumifhrdkY q&m uRefawmfhudkyg tjypf ay;ygawmh}} ]][kww f ,f ...'Dupd rö mS rif;yg tjypf&w dS ,f? 'DaeYupNyD; [lwef; *kP d ;f csKyf&UJ ae&mudk qufcrH ,fw h ynht f jzpf &Dvifwef;udk ig a½G;cs,f vkdufw,f? rif;uawmh xkdufusdvufoD; odkif;ynmudkom aZmufcsNyD; avhvmayawmh? [lwef;*dkPf;wpfckvHk; odkif;ynmwkd;wufa&;udk rif; wm0ef,l&r,f? [lwef;*dkPf;&JU okdif;ynm onfxuf jyefYyGm;wkd;wuf atmifvnf; aqmif½Guf&r,f? *dkPf;&JUtkyfcsKyfa&;udpö t00ukd rif; *½kpdkufp&m rvkdawmhbl;}} [lusif;onf ol\ q&mbkd;bkd; þrQavmuf pnf;urf;wif;usyf vdrfhrnf[k vHk;0 rxifrdcJhay/ ,ckrl qkdYcsif;pl;udk &Sif;vif;ypfonfrS tp *dkPf;csKyfae&m qufcHrnfhol a½G;cs,fonhf udpötqHk; wdusjywf om;pGm aqmif½GufoGm;ayNyD/ [lwef;*dkPf; odkif;avmuü þrQ emrnf ausmfcJh&jcif;rSm pnf;urf;aumif;jcif;vnf; taMumif;wpf&yf jzpfay vdrfhrnf/ xkdYaemuf usef;qef;zkef;u [lusif;tm; awmfvSefa&; ppfwyf taMumif; ar;jyefonf/ [lusif;tm; ar;jref;NyD;aomtcg q&mMuD; usef;qef;zkef;onf csLusL;tm; Munhfvkdufonf/ ol\ tMunhfudk csLusL;u od&Sdojzifh olr\ taMumif;rsm;udk wpfvHk;wpfyg'rQ vQKdU0Suf zHk;uG,fjcif; rjyKbJ tjypftysuftm;vHk;udk zGifh[ ajymMum;vkdufawmhonf/ olronf pum;qHk;onfESifh wpfjydKifeuf wdrfvTm m;udk xkwf vkdufNyD; olr\ qHyifrsm;udk ½kwfw&uf ykdif;jzwfvkdufawmhonf/ csLusL;\ tjyKtrlaMumifh tm;vHk; wtHhwMo jzpfoGm;Mu&onf/ [lusif;onfvnf; tHhMovGef;ojzifh ... ]]csLusL; ...rif; ...rif;}} [kom ajymEdkifNyD; ol\ pum;udkyif tqHk; rowfEdkifawmhacs/ ]]uRefr&JU tjypfawG odyfrsm;aevGef;vkdYyg&Sif? uRefr taeeJY uRefr tjypfawG ausatmif w&m;tm;xkwfzdkY qHk;jzwfvdkufygNyD? tck uRefr pum;wpfcGef; ar;p&m&Sdaeygw,f? &SifhqDu uRefr uwdwpfck awmif; xm;cJhw,f? 'Duwdtwkdif; aqmif½Gufay;r,f r[kwfvm;[if}} ]][kwf ...[kwfygw,f? uwdvJ ay;cJhygw,f? aqmifvJ aqmif&Guf ay;yghr,f? rif; ajymp&m&Sdwmudk ajymyg}} ]]&Sifh q&mbkdk;bkd;eJY &Sifh bMuD; OD;av;awGa&SUrSm &Sifh uwdtwdkif; aqmif&Gufay;&r,faemf? rjiif;&bl;}} [lusif;onf wHawG;udk rsKdcsvkdufrdNyD; acgif;udkom ndwfjyvkduf awmhonf/ csLusL;u pdwfcsoGm;[efjzifh ... ]]'Dvdkqdk&if 'DaeYupNyD; &Sif[m uRefrwkdY 0gar*dkPf;&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD; jzpfoGm;ygNyD? 0gar*dkPf;MuD; wkd;wufvmatmif 0gar*dkPf;&JU odkif;ynm t&nftaoG;wkd;wufvmatmif odkif;avmuxJrSm *dkPf;MuD; wpf*dkPf;tjzpf qufvuf&yfwnf Ekdifatmif vkyfay;ygvkdY uRefr awmif;yefygw,f? 'guawmh &Sifhuwdtwkdif; aqmif&Gufay;zkdY udpö MuD;ygyJ}} [lusif;onf csLusL;\ pum;udk Mum;vkduf&aomtcg tvGef xdwfvefY wkefvIyfoGm;awmhonf/ xkdYaMumifh ol\ vufudk cg,rf; í... ]]igh ...ighrSm wm0efawG odyfrsm;ygw,f? rif;ay;wJh wm0efMuD;u vJ odyfMuD;us,fawmh ig ...ig ...ig}} [lusif;onf q&mbdk;bkd; usef;qef;zkef;bufodkY tultnD awmif;aom tMunhfjzifh Munhfvkdufonf/ usef;qef;zkef;onf w[m;[m; &,farm&if; ... 962
wuúodkvf aevif;atmif e*g;Edkif"m; ]]csLusL; ...rif;uawmh wu,fhudk OmPfrsm;wJh rdef;uav;yJ? wu,fhudk csnfNyD;om; wkyfNyD;om; vkyfvkdufwmudk;? 'gqkd&if rsufMuG,fu rif;udk ay;tyfxm;wJh wm0ef ausyGefzkdY aocsmoGm;NyDaygh? 0gar*dkPf;om [lusif;vufxJ a&mufoGm;&if odkif;avmuxJrSm wu,fh xyfoD; *dkPf;MuD;wpf*dkPf; jzpfawmhrSmyJ? [m; ...[m; ...[m; ... [lusif; jiif;raeeJYawmh? rif;&JU uwdtwdkif;om aqmif&Gufay;vkduf}} csLusL;onf olr\ tdwfxJrS odkif;usrf;pmtkyfESifh usKd;aeaom wdrfvTm"m; ESpfykdif;udk [lusif;tm; ay;tyfvkdufawmhonf/ NyD;rS olru... ]]'guawmh uRefrwkdY 0gar*dkPf;udk wnfaxmifcJhwJh odkif;q&mrMuD; aumhvif;vif;&JU odkif;ynm aygif;csKyf pmtkyfygyJ? uRefrwdkY 0gar *dkPf;csKyf tpOftqufawG[m 'Dodkif;aygif;csKyfudk tpOftNrJ xdef;odrf; cJhMuygw,f? tck &SifuvJ 0gar*kdPf;&JU *dkPf;csKyfMuD; jzpfNyDqkdawmh &SifhvufxJ ay;tyfvkdufygNyD}} [lusif;onf olYuwdaMumifh rnfoYkd rQ jiif;y,fí r&awmhay? q&mbk;d bk;d usef;qef;zke;f uvnf; [lusif;\ wGefYqkwfaeaom pdwfudk od&Sd&dyfrdojzifh ... ]][lusif; ...uwd[m uwdyJ? uwdzsufwJh vlavmuf toHk;ruswJh vl 'DavmurSm r&Sdawmhbl;}} [lusif;onf csLusL; ay;tyforQ ypönf;rsm;udk vufcHvkduf& awmhonf/ 0gar*dkPf;om;rsm; taejzifhvnf; [lusif;\ odkif;ynm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrifhrm;vSaMumif; od&Sdxm;MuNyD; jzpfí olwkdY\ *dkPf;csKyfMuD; jzpfoGm;NyD[k Mum;od&aomtcg tvGef 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpf oGm;Muawmhonf/ tcsKdUurl csLusL;udpöESifh yufowfí jynhfjynfhpHkpHk odrxm;Muao;ojzifh odyfrauseyfrI r&SdMuay/ odkYaomf ...txift&Sm; azmfjyjcif; rjyKbJ aeMuonf/ xkdtcsdefwGif csLusL;onf olr\ qHyiftm;vHk;udk &dwfy,fNyD; jzpfavonf/ r,foDv&Sif b0ESifh wpfoufvHk; w&m;tm;xkwf oGm;ay awmhrnf/ csLusL;\ qH;k jzwfcsufEiS hf yufowfí [lusif;tzdYk pdwrf aumif; jcif; MuD;pGm jzpf&aomfvnf; tm;vH;k twGuf taumif;qHk; jzpfaMumif; udkrl [lusif; em;vnf oabmaygufxm;onf/ rdrdtaejzifhvnf; ausmufrdefukdom arwÅmppf? arwÅrSefESifh cspfae rdcJhrdNyD r[kwfygvm;/ ,ckrl tm;vHk;ylaqG; yifyef;cJhMu&aom tjzpfrsm;onfvnf; edXwH oGm;cJh&avNyD/ xkdtcsdefrSpí [lusif;ESifh ausmufrdefwkdY ESpfa,mufonf twl vufwGJvsuf b0pmrsufESmopfudk zGifhvSpfvkdufMuonf/ olwkdYESpfOD;aygif;í 0gar*dkPf;MuD;\ wkd;wufa&;twGuf aqmif½Gufvkduf? tvif;rmef*dkPf;MuD;ESifh awmfvSefa&;ppfwyfwkdY atmifjrifa&; twGuf aqmif½Gufvkdufjzifh rem;raeMudK;yrf; aqmif½Gufvsuf &SdaeMu awmhonf/ [lusif;onf ol\ ESvHk;om;ESifh xyfwlxm;í cspf&aom ausmufrdef\ rsufESmuav;udk Munhfí tarmajz&ouJhodkY ausmufrdef uvnf; olY toufESifh xyfwlxm;í cspf&aom [lusif;\ rsufESmukd Munhfvsuf aysmfwNyHK;NyHK;? armfrqHk; jzpfaerdawmhownf; .../
963
