Ιστορία Της Ελληνικής Γλώσσας_Μ.Ζ. Κοπιδάκης

I

l.r

~

(/

\floPI~ 1 Hl e1'\ A\1(\)I\LtU (~~.uA~ /( \.(ol1 .b Ax.tr.L }.I. (Vl1 t~. l

~()6t'J8~

I

)

~,t f.~

J

A[)~ va. J'~~

Σωστός τρόπος παραπομπών σε συλλογικά έργα (τόμους, εγκυκλοπαίδειες) Παράδειγμα από τον τόμο «ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ ΓΛΩΣΣΑΣ» με επιμελητή έκδοσης τον Κοπιδάκης Μ. Παραπομπή: Ιακώβ Δ. Ι., «Έπος», στο

Κοπιδάκης Μ.Ζ. (επιμ.) «Ιστορία της Ελληνικής Γλώσσας», Αθήνα 1999, σελ. 46

Βιβλιογραφία: Ιακώβ Δ. Ι., «Έπος», στο

Κοπιδάκης Μ.Ζ. (επιμ.) «Ιστορία της Ελληνικής Γλώσσας», Αθήνα 1999, σελ. 46

Ο παραπάνω τρόπος είναι ο καλύτερος για την βιβλιογραφία αλλά μπορούμε να χρησιμοποιήσουμε και τον παρακάτω: ΚΟΠΙΔΑΚΗΣ, Μ. (επιμ.) "Ιστορία της

ελληνικής γλώσσας", Ε.Λ.Ι.Α., Αθήνα 1999. Τα παραπάνω θα σας βοηθήσουν ιδιαίτερα στην ΕΛΠ 10, διότι τους ενδιαφέρει πάρα πολύ ο σωστός τρόπος των παραπομπών και της βιβλιογραφίας, επίσης στην βιβλιογραφία τα ονόματα να γράφονται με αλφαβητική σειρά του τύπου π.χ. Κοπιδάκης Μ. και όχι Μ. Κοπιδάκης!!!

npO/\OYli~O 0llfJslWfJO E./\ IA

r IlGfJnOuKll~ - M. XCtplrOTo~ M. Z KomooKll~

npOAOYO~

Je·lpxfllol .1 rel "/

EIOOYWY~

I"

M. Z Komo6Kfl~

rlPOIL:TOPIKOI XPONOI I ~ I:; Ivoosupwno'(K~ YAWOOll<-~ SVOTllTO:

TO IOTOPlKO npO~AflfJO

1 I () 1/ IVOOSUPWIlOlK~ YAWOOll<-~ SVOTllTO:

TO r?KfJ~pIO

I (~

l ~)

IvoosupwnoiKO~ nOAlTlOfJO~

.... ).

H OlOfJOPCPWOfl Tll~ EMllVlK~~ YAWOOO~ EMllVIK~ KOl nposMllvlK8~ YAWOOS~

() i

I

.:..

01

-

)

EIOOYWY~ KOl TO~IV6fJllOll

) ,

)

~\)

)I

,

) ) )

.'

il

Xplml611~ Xplmloll~ Xplmloll~

MOplOVVO MOPyoPlTll . POYKO MOplOVVO MopyopiTll - POyKO M. Z. KomooKfl~ MOplOVVO MOPYOPlTll - POYKO MOplOVVO MOPYOPlTll .. POYKO MOplOVVO Mopyoplrll .. POyKO MOplCtVVO MClpYOPlTll .. P6yKO MOplOWO MOPYOPlTil .. P6YKO

APKoooKunploK~ OIOASKTO~

AlOAlKrl OlOASKTO~ BOPSlOOUTlK8~ OlOASKTOl ,0,WpiKl'1 i5l0ASKTO~ lVioK:::oovlK~ OIOf\8KTO~

I())VlKfl Oll: !\SKTO~ ,t.,TTlKi'l OlOA2KTO

EnE A nTEPOENTA KAI AN8H I 611ilci)i511~ 1~0l KCt80PIAOU~18VIl H YA(0(,00 TOU t
01

Xplmlofl~

,0,IAf\EKTOI

'. n

A- G:!. A-G:!. A-
THL:

nETPAI M. Z. KonlooKll~ LOCPlO f
61Af\EKTOI THI f\OrOTEXNIAI EIOU'(wyrl ml~ AOYOTSXVlK8~ i5lCl,\t'.I\TOU~ 'Enoc; 610 1\TIKO 8no~

M. Z Komo6Kll~ 6aVI~f\ I. IOKC0~ , EUOyySAlo LTal.mOlJA~

10

EAsyda

Kom6oKrje; KOTiiOOKlle; KomooKlle; Kom OKrj'"' KomooKlle; L,OVI~A I. IOKW~ L,OVl~A I. IOKW~ L,ovl~A I. IOKW~ M. M. M. M. M.

'IOI1~Oe;

MSAOe; (Movwo[o) XOPIK~ nO[ll0rj En[YPoflfl O TpOYWOlO ATIIK~ KWpWO[O KOTWITOAlWTIKrj KWflWO[O

n E Z 0 2:

0

Z. Z. Z. Z. Z.

1\0r02:

IWVIK~ ns~oypocp[o

cDIAOOOcp[O 8swp[se; YlO TO ucpoe;

I. N. Ko~o~rje; I. N. KO~O~Ile; L,OVl~A I. IOKW~ I. N. Ka~o~lle; 8soowpoe; cDIMp8TOe; Awo XO}\IOOOU

8EOPIE2: riA TH rI\02:2:A 1_- / nAOTWV KOI AplmOTsAlle; ~ . )1 cDlMooCPOI KOI r pOflflOTIKO[

8soowpoe; cDIAOp8TOe; 8soowpoe; cDIMp8TOe;

(~

ATIIK~ ns~oypocp[o

..

7,

7I

ImoploypOcp[o

-7

71

PllTOPIK~

74 7~ 7l; .. 7/

, ·f

L

.

/

j 1 ..

93

EIOOYWY~

M. Z. KOmOOKrje;

H

KOINH I\AI\IA rSVSOrj KOI nrjyse; Trje; KOIV~e; . 7 KOIV~ KOI oloAsKTOI - ( cDwvoAoy[o KOI flOpcpoAoyio 10 -]) I LUVTOKTIKSe; KOIVOTOflISe; Tile; KOIV~e; 1(),.. - J . To ASslMYlO Tile; KOlV~e;

IOl H 10 - 1

EMllVIK~ KOlI\OTlVIK~ I

H .6WPIK~ KOlvo

trY

XplmocpOpOe; XopoAoflnoKlle; Xplm6cpopoe; XopoAoflndKlle; Xplm6cpopoe; XopoAopn 'K e; Xplm6cpopoe; XopoAoflnoKlle; XplmocpOpOe; XOpOAO nOK e; 8s6owpoe; n n yYSA~e; E~[vo LIOTOKOU

TA

IEPA KEIMENA I II H naAOlO 61a8~KIl KOTO TOUe; EI300fl~KOVTO (0' ) I I I H f
H

ATTIKILTIKH

11 II 1 it I

I ' l)

I 11 ~ I I; II. •1

MaVOAIle; nanOUTOOKIle; MavOAIle; nonouTOOKlle;

ANTI6PALH

AOlaviOflOe; ATTlKIOflOe; Kal aVTlanlKIOflOe; ATTlKI01IKO AS~IKO H "6suTspa LocplmIK~" KOl Il yAWOOO Tile; H yAwooa TWV nOTSpWV Tile; EKKAllo(ae;

M. Z KOmOOKIle; KUpIOKOe; TOOVTOOVOY AOU KUpIOKOe; TOOVTo6voyAOU cDoVIle; I. KOKpIO~e; 8soxOPIle; 6STOpOKIle;

nOIKIJ\A rPAMMATIKA I }. I· H rpOflflOTIK~ TOU 610VUO(OU TOU 8paKOe; I 1 . I H SPOOflIK~ npocpopo

I J

I'

J

I I ., I

LOp(KOe; XPIOTOcpOpOe; XopoAOflnOKrje;

Eloaywy~

KA80MIJ\OYMENH

I

Z~OIle;

KAI

rPAcoOMENEL

,- H(5lofloXIl EMllvIK~e; KOl J\OTlVIK~e; I, I H OfllAOU SVIl (50e; - 1Ooe; OlWVOe;) o K/\OOlKlOflOe; (60e; OlCIWOe;) H /\OYOT8xvlKrl KOlV~ (Soe; - 100e; Olwvae;) H yAWOOO TWV OylOAOylKWV KSlflSVWV "Ms TO Mxvo TOU ompou" (To KOVTOKIO) o OTTlI\lOflOe; (70e; - 1Ooe; Olwvae;) YIJIJOYPoCP[O (70e; - 90e; OlWVOe;). 0 Kovovoe; AKP1TlKO Tpayo 'OlO AITlKIOflOe; (11 oe; - 120e; Olcovae;) , H\ /\WOOO Tile; PflTOpIK~e; (11 oe; - 120e; cllwvae;) H orWWOrje; AOYOTSXV[O mrjv ouM TWV KOflVrjVWV nSAon6vvlloOe; KOl Kunpoe; (130e; - 140e; OlWVOe;)

6rlflilTpo TOITOIKA~ 8soXOPIle; 6STOpOKIle; Boo[AIle; KOTOOp6e; LOcp[O KOT~6~nooll 8soXOPIle; 6STOpOKIle; Bao[AIle; Kmoopoe; LOCPlO KOT~6lJnaoll LOcp[O KOT~opnCtoll M A8Ctva010e; MapKonou/\oe; (~.~, BaoiAIlC; KmoapoC; ;~~'" .: BaoiAIle; KOTOapOe; '. ~. EASVll Kopo ~oAo ~.f ' EMvll Kapovr~6Ao

ty

EmomAoYPocplO ( , To OIlIJWOU'; lJu8lm'OPrtpo J - H yAcoooa TCJJV Smmll!Jwv (140e; - 150e; OlWVOe;) I BLJ~a\fnvo A8~lKO KOl YPOppOTlKSe;

r /\

0 L L I f< E L

A 1\ 1\ H 1\ E

nI 6

LO(j)(O KOT~OlJnaOfJ

EAsVIl f
PAL ElL

I, 17 - 7,

01 ApO~E:e; Kat II EAAllVlK~ To BU~C)\fTlo KOl Ol LM~OI H cpPOYKlK~ KOl q ~8V8TlK~ 8nlOpOOq EAAqv1K1le; KOl TOUpKIK11e; OPOl~Ol8e; sm6poOSle;

EAlOO[3ST A ZoXaplOOOU MoyoOAllvl'l ilopxop(oou XopoAopnOe; n, LUIJ8uw(OIlC; XopoAopnOe; n LUIl8CJJVlOlle;

17

ElOOYWY~

XopOAopnOe; n, LUIJSwv(OIlC;

I

I/

tI

-187

61AI\EKTOI KAI 1610MATA If '_ - 1 '9 01 NSOSAAIlVIKSe; OloASKTOl 190 1(1 KOTWlTOAlK~ Kat TOOKWVlK~ 19' - 19.) nO\fTlOK~ KOl KonnoooKlK~ KPllTlK~ KunploK~ , ~ - ]99 nsAonovvllolOKO 1\01 EmovlloloKO IOlCJJPO ? JO . 201 NOTlO VllOlCJJTlKO IOIWPOTO 2 2 - 2() BOPSlO IOlWPOTO ?04 - 'J()_ To KWVOTOVTlVOunoAlTlI\o IOlCJJPO

194 - 19. 19f - 1. 7

AXTlllEI

Nt \OAOOe; KOVTOOOnOlJA NlKOAOOe; KOVTooonouAOe; NIKOAOOe; KovLOoonouAOe; NlKOAOOe; KOVTooonouAOe; NIKOAooe; KOVTooonouAoe; NlKOAooe; KOVTooonouAOe; NlKOAooe; KOVTooonouAoe; NlKOAOOe; KOVTooonouAoc; HpOKMe; M~AAOe;

Q)OTOI

::..0 207 H KPllTlK~ AOYOTSXV(O (160e; - 170e; OlWVOe;) 20 - 2(1) H yAwooo TaU 0lKOUP8VlKOLI nOTplOPXslOU To 0PXo(o SAAllvIKO: v8Kpovomooll ~ ovoysvvrJOll; Ol opxse; Tile; rU1CDOOUe; ns~oYPOcplOe; 14 - 21 ~ H npwTll poppOTlKr'l Tile; KOlV~e; 216 - 21 7 H OlOOOKOAlO Tile; YAWOOOe; OTO 0XOAS(O Tile; TOUpKOKpOT(Oe; ,11 H L] q To 0llIJOTIKrJ lpOYOUOI ?'J() .' 22 J !\o'IKO AOYOTSXVIKO ~1~A(0 KOl oVOYVWOPOTO ( 17 0C; - 180e; OlWVOC;)

2]0 - "'] ~J 12 - 21

("'I

LO

IlwPyoe; K8XOylOYAOU MoyooAllvf] napxop(oou Ispoolpoe; I, ZU)pOe; NIKOAooe; M, nOVOYlunOKTlC; EMvll KOPOVT~OAO Xp(OTOe; I, nmplvsAllc;

XPUOOUAO XOT~TlT-6Kll - K04JWIJEVOU

TO

rAOIIIKO

I)

ZHTHMA

, r;\WOOlKOe; OPXoiolJoe; KOl cpl;\OOOcplK~ oVOVSWOll " ~ AKpO(Ol OPXO'101Se; KOl Ko8opoMyOl . '/ H no;\uy;\wOOlO TWV cDOVOPlWTCDV o sMaou\oe; 0IlIJOTIKIOIJOe; Kopa~e; KOl KOOpIKOe;: H "1J8011 oooe;" KOl II aVTfopaoll !\sfLIJava oPXa(oe; no;\un;;\sfae;

nooXoAW; M. KlTPOIJIlAfolle; rswpyloC; A XplO1ooouAou M(ATOC; nSXAl~OVOC; M(AToc; nSXAl~OVOC; r SWPYlOC; A XPI01ooouAou Iwovvo nSTponouAou

, . i··· ,; ~ ITA

'(, )

~)

Eloaywy~

XPONIA TOY ArONA . 0 Myoe; TWV aywvlO1wv 2' .7 To ns;\onovvlloloKO lofwlJo

~

I. N. KO~O~llC; rlwpyoC; KSXOylOyAou rswpyloC; A XPI01ooouAou NTfvoC; r swpYOUOrje;

H Ko8opsuouoo we; sn(OlllJll y;\wooa .1 I 0 Ka8aplOIJOe; TOU ;\s~lAoy(ou I

t

H AorOTEXNIA

-. '

Peter Mackridge

TOY

EAEYGEPOY

I
6.. IoAwlJoe; KOl EmavlloloK~ AOyOTsxvfo H y;\wooo TOU Av6pso KoA~ou . '.' H yAwooo Tile; 1\811va'(I\~e; IxoMc; H yAc000a Tile; I1S~oyPOCP(o.C; (1830 - 1880) 01 r,UIJWQE:IC; 010 TsAoC; IOU 190u OlWVo. H 110Auy;\woofo Trle; rj80ypocpfoe;

.:

iAOIIIKEI

ItwpyoC; KSXOylOyAou n, 6.. M001poC511Il~1PllC; NoooC; BoysvoC; NoooC; BoysvoC; NoooC; BoysvoC; Ilwpyoe; 8sAouC5~C;

~IAMAXEI

o IIOVVrje; LVuXOPllC; KOl 0 0llIJOTIKIOP0C;

,l\M~11e; 6.11IJ OpOe;

KOlVWVlKSC; OlOO1OOSlC; I\at IUVTOYIJO Ana TlC; npOTooslC; 010 VOIJ088T~IJOTCl (19 7 - 1931) AVOlXTOI AOyOplOOpof

,l\As~lle; 6.11 fJapoC;

o yAWOOlKOC; OxrOPIJOe; (1888 - 1906)

I. n, Io~B(o'le;

rswpyloe; Mrmpmv[(J.)T11e;

r.

f\j.

X

T~IOOKlC;

Il\M~Ile; 6.11fJ OPOC;

I, n. L:Cl~~iC5rjC;

(1848 - 1941)

H f1SvTOY;\WOO(o TOU 1180onoMllou

NTivoC; 1S(JJp ou 11C;

lE

.

H

rAOL:L:A I

.

THL:

LIKSI\IOVOe:;, KO~OVT~OKIle:;

H YSVIO TOU '30 nOlllOTl H YSVIO TOU '30, ns~oYPoCPlo

rI

I

") ,J

I

2t)~) it.ll) -)(l-)

H 1\0YOTSXVIK~ oVTimooTl mTl OTl~OTlK~ H ~STOnOI\SIJIK~ ns~oypocpio ), noilloll: H npWTTl ~STOnOI\S~IK~ YSVIO 1. I' nOlllOTl H OSUTSPTl ~sTOnol\qlIK~ YSVIO ~'lJ, H YSVIO TOU '70: noiTloTl

L:uYXPovTl ns~oYPoCPlo ~)J rlwPYOe:; LscpsPIle:; - Oouoosoe:; EMTIle:; Tl mooll TOUe:; mil YI\WOOO TTle:; noillolle:; ~(ll 0 CPII\OOOCPIKOe:; Myoe:; 50) To oOKi~IO i"

:,( )'·1 - .IU~, j

0,')

:'( ,; ,

" () ~(y)

TOY

Ko~oCPTle:;, KOpUWTOKTle:; KOl Tl omlKrl ns~ol\oyio nOI\O~oe:;,

"

;\OrOTEXNIAL:

H LxoM TTle:; 880001\0VIKTle:; H KunploK~ 1\0YOTsxvio H svoOYI\WOOlK~ ~sTOCPPOOll

200u

AIONI\

rlwPYOe:; KSXOYlOYI\OU rlwpYOe:; KSXOYIOY/\OU

rlwPYOe:; KSXOYIOYI\OU

rlwPYOe:; KSXOYIOYI\OU

Noooe:; Boysvoe:;

KOTSpivo TIKTOnOUl\ou

£11l~~TPIle:; l1ooKoMnoul\oe:; £11l~~TPIle:; l1ooKOMnoul\oe:;

nOVTsMe:; MnouKol\oe:; Ayysl\o KomplVOKTl ISWPYIOe:; MnO~mVl(.6TTle:; Xp~moe:; rIOWOpOe:; M, Z KomooKIle:;

KOTsplvo TlKTonoul\ou

THlSAl.I~LIS

UNG\lAE GRAlCA[

CD ROM#D

IlWPYOe:; Ksxoy\oYl\ou LTSOll A8~vIl

CONTENTS, 1 TLO DATA BANK TEXTS INDEX TO TLO OATA BANK TEXTS

(TLG N

!

PHI

TA

XPEIOLiH

J 10

' oj 1 I ~ 12 - j I ') -')1 -j j I ,) .~ 'I (I - il)

H r PO~~OTlK~ TOU M' TplOVTOcpuMioTl

To npwTO OUVTOKTIKO TTle:; Oll~OTIK~e:; To I\S~IKO TTle:; NSOSMTlVIK~e:; Nsse:; ypafl~OTIKse:; KOi nOI\Olse:; OVTIOPOOSle:;

r,wpyoC; E MwpoC;

(

'/:~rt: ,. '--........~

IIWPYOe:; E, Mwpoe:;

rIWPYOe:; AI\IOOVOPOTOe:;

:= A KOKOI\Ile:;

METAPPY8MIL:EIL:

l'U -- 521 H sKnOiosuTIK~ ~sToppu8~IOTl TOU 1964 ")~ l - j);~ H sKnOiosuTlK~ ~sTOppu8~IOTl

52-1

:1)7)

TOU 1976

To ~OVOTOVIKO

H r;\ 0 L: L A L H 1v1 EPA .-' ">(1 - l n H OIOXPOVlK~ oiomooll Tile:; EMIlVIK~e:; )_, oil) To SMTlVIKO TWV OflOYSVWV j,f! ') J) 'I l1ls8vlo~01 , } --i " l10VSl0 Tile:; NsosMIlVIK~e:;

ElP~VIl

cDII\mnOKIl - Warburton

ElP~VTl cDll\mnOKTl - Warburton

rlwPYOe:; E, Mwpoe:;

rSWPYIOe:; MnopmvlWTTle:; ElP~VTl cDll\mnOKTl - Warburton Awo AvOmOOIOoTl - Lu~swvioll Awa Avomoolooll - Lu~swyii51l

:'

EASu8sp(o KGI nSl8opx(o I ) H 8MllVIK~ yAWooo KOl Ol llA8KTPOVlKO( unOAOylOTse; I n8pl8wplOKO IOlwpmo I I Em(se; OPXO'lOPOU ' I) H yAWOOO OTO MME KOl Til olocpf,plOll I 1 H ~UAlVll yAWOOO . ~,' To pSMOV Tile; EMllVIK~e;

I

I

1 (, 1 I

'

.f

I

) I

'l ~

'

I

}

II \

1

H APXAIA

(I

I

H iPl\cDH I I {I I Ot np08MllVIKSe; ypocpse; ~( i H iPOPPlK~ B ~I.·I) H AACPO~IlTlK~ ypocp~ ,I

(

iPOIJPOTO APXOlO ( I To KunploKo OUMO~OPlO Iii H MIKpOypopPOTIl ypocp~ ')' To 0llP810 m(~qe; (I;

Tavol KOlnv8upoTO

H

ITII

METPIKH H op OlO 8MllVlK~ H ~u~ vnv)'~ I\O.l V80SMll\jIK~

MOVaAlle; LO~~(OIle; ilOVVlle; KOAIOPlle; KWVOTOVT(VOe; ToouKoMe;

EYPOnAIKEI

I Delirium graecum ') -:; ) To 0PXo(o 8MllvlKO OTllv 8mmllPovlK~ opoAoy(O )) ) I APXo(o 8MllvlKO: II PllTPlK~ yAWOOO Tile; CPlAOOOcp(Oe; ) . " !\OYOT8XVIK~ KPlTlK~: II SMllVIK~ KAllPOVOPIO ) ',} "EuPllKol EUPllKOI" ,

,

E!\!\HNIKH

XpUOOUAO !\ooKOpomu LlAlO B, POVlWTll ElP~Vll C1)1 mnOKll - Warburton M, Z KomOOKlle;

i!\OIIEI

M, Z, KomooKlle; AVTwVlle; P8YKOKOe; i8WPY(0 Mnpoupo Iwovvo 60AO~SPO

Avvo XOAIOOOU

AnOOTOAOe; KOVToYloVVlle; AnaOToAOe; KOVToYloVVlle; AnoOTOAOe; KOVTOYlOWlle; AnaOToAOe; KOVTOYlOvvlle; AnoOTOAOe; KOVTOYlovvlle; Iocp(o KOT~opnooll KUplOKOe; TOOVToovoyAou KUplOKOe; TOOVTOOVOYAOU

8, K, ITscpovonoulue; 8, 1<' Ilscpov6nouAOe;

npoirTOPIKOI XPONOI

H41AMOPCI»nIH THI EAAHNIKHI rMIIAI nOlO! I-ITAN 01 Ei\J\HNEL; ,(HOll ltglV (mo tllV Oltoy,gumoy(?Ctlp110l1 tOW mva'Xwwv t~~ r(?aflfH'X11~ B 1l.0).)..OL EltlO,liftOVE~ a\'oYVW(?l~aV tllV vltag~~ t~~ OUVEXEla~ OlIO t~ fLU'X,!vu.ix~ mOXl1lo~ W x),a OLX[( XgovLCl XUL ava~l1tovoav ngwLflotEQES E\'OELSEL<; YLO njV EfltpaVLOll ,WV E)..)..{lvwv. H tgOX1)),011] YY.(?l~O MlVUElO xE(?aflll<,11 tTJ~ a(?Xll~ t~~ flEO~~ EltOX11~ tOU xol..xou OEW(?~ 8TJXE ano llO)..)..OVS OOV tEtQLO EVOEU;~". L~fLEQO OEV 8EW gELWL mOQXES tE'XfL~gLO 11 VllC'Q~TJ E\'OS fLE,LWVWfLivou tlJnou XEQaflLx1'IS. AUOl flE~·Et1FES llQOtlflOVV r;o nQWlj.lO tE01] tpao,!". YUOw mo 2200 ltX, OnOtE Ewrav[~mH (JE O(?LOI.lEVE~ nOQa)dZS E)J'I1VLXE~ GEOff; Eva: ELOOS xE9C'fLLX~S nou flOW~EL fLc tl]V XEQC'fL·LXll t~s POQELOOUn)(ll~ MLXQCtS A(JLC'S". Qmo(Jo, CllHO to clOOS XEQa:fll'XllS OEV Ewpavlt,E Wl OE a),),a flEQ!l t1]S HAaOaS 'XO.l Yl' auto EVOEXEWl va flllV EtEL 1:11 0llfLcwLa nou tOU a:noOLOnUL." C Renfrew, Archaeology and Language, a. [75.

H EMIlVIK~ yAWOOO OV~K8l OTIlV lV008upwno'iK~ YAWOOlK~ OlKOY£ V810. nOT8 010POpw81lK8 we; ~8XWPIOT~ IV008upwno'iK~ yAcl>OOO KQl nOla dVQl TO lOloiT8pa XOPOKTIlP10TIKa Tile;; To nOAQlClT8PO ypoma T8KP~PIO Tile; EMIlVIK~e; yAwoooe; dVQl 01 mvoKl08e; H)e; rpappIK~e; B (YPOpp£V8e; 08 ouM061K~ ypo~) npOK81TQI YlQ K8lp8va nou mOTonOIOUV OTI ~Oll TOV 130 ot. n.X. Il EA AIlVIK~ U[OTOTQl we; 1010iT8Pll YAWOOIK~ OVTOTIlTO. Enop£vwe;, Il Y£ VW~ Tile; 80 np£n81 vo dVQI Eva KOTa nOAu apXQlOT8PO Y8yovOe;. H napaooOlaK~ anOljJ1l OUax£T(~81 Til Y£VWIl Tile; EMIlVIK~e; fl8 ola OOXlKa p8TOVaOT8UTlKa KUpaTa (~ 81060A£e;) -Axalol, 'IWV8e;, b,WPI de;- nou 8loayouv OTOV 8MoOlKO xwpo Tie; 600lKEe; OIOA£KTOUe; Tile; Apxaiae; EMIlVIK~e;. Eow 8a np£n81 va 011p81w8d OTi Il Apxoio EMIl VIK~ 8iVQI OUVOAO OIOA£KTWV. H £VVOlQ Tile; KOIV~e; yAwooae; 8lval p8 TOY8V£OT8PO QlVOP8VO. H uno8wl1 TWV olaooXlKwV KupaTwv XPIlOlponOld Tie; ox£TIK£e; nopaoo081e; TWV apxa[wv, oAM Kal Tie; oPxaloAoYlK£e; papTupI8e;. 'ETaI unoOTIlplx81lK8 OTI TO KupOTa aUTa pnopouv va ouvo880uv p8 oMa y£e; OTOV UAIKO nOAITlOpO nou 8moup6alvouv yupw OTO 2200 n.X, 1600 n,X. KQI 1200 n.X. (KaTaoTpo~ TOU pUKllva'iKou nOAITIOpoU) aVTIAoyoe; OTIl 88wpla TWV KUpCtTWV (nou TOn088Tc;[ Til Y£VWIl Kal olapopwoll Tile; EMIlVIK~e; yAwooae; £~W ana TOV 8MaOlKO xw po) unoOTllpl~8loTi TO apXQlOAOYIKa 0800p£va 08V T8KPllPIWVOUV Tie;

o

M,VU£IO oyy£io. TUTTlK~ K£PO~IK~ T~, Mto~c; ET10X~C; TOU XO,l,KOU (A8~vo, E8vIK6 ApxoIO,l,OYIKO Mouo£io).

",

20

pL~LK8e; TOIl8e; nou onoml Tl uno8£OTl 1l0~LK(ilV 1l810V0018U08WV. AVTi 8810, Tl OPXOlOAOYLK~ 8LKOVO OTTlPl~8L TTlV onOl)JTl TTle; nOAlTlOIlLK~e; OUV8X8LOe; -118 KonOL8e; oMoyte; 010 T8AOe; TTle; V80AL8lK~e; £nox~e; KOl 010 TtAoe; TTle; £nox~e; TOU XOAKOU- Ol onO[8e; 0IlWe; 08V 8lVOl T8TOlOe; 8KTOOTle; W018 vo SnLTptnouv 1l810VOOT8unKte; un08t081e;. H omino

Ttl onoPX~ TTle; EMTlVLK~e; 80 nptn81 vo TOn0881Tl8d OTTl V80AL8LK~ £nox~ KOl vo oUOX£TL01d Ils TTlV ovomusTl TTle; Y8WpYlK~e; OlKOVOlllOe; 010v SMOOLKO xwpo. Ol 6081lLOlSe; 1l8TOKLV~08Le; nou OUVOtOVTOL 118 TTlV 8E;onAWOTl TOU ySWpylKOU Tponou nopoywy~e; ana TTlV AVQTOA~ npoe; Ttl L!.UOTl dvOl 8K8Ivse;, OUllepwvo 118 TTlV onOl)JTl OUT~, nou 8yKO SL010UV KOl OTOV SMOOIKO Xwpo TOV LV008UpwnO'lKO npoyovo TTle; EMTlVLK~e; yAWOOOe;. H EAATlVLK~ yAWOOO, £no 1l8VWe; , OLOIlOPepWV81Ol Iltoo 010v SMOOLKO Xwpo KOl Tl OUYKPOTTlO~ TTle; osv dVOl onoTtA8 0110 npo'iOTOpLKWV ~ npwTOYoTOpLKWV 1l0~lKWV 1l810V0018U08WV. L!.sv onOKA8l0VTOl 6t60l0 KonOlSe; 1l810KLV~OSLe;, oMo OUTte; osv Ilnopd

XEli\O'iTIEPQIKA IYMet>QNA H OUYXQL0111WV LvlloE1JQumciLxcJJv y),woowv fLat; E;rLTQEITn va. 1JIT08EOOWLE yLa I~V XOLV~ LvlloE1JQWITa'Lx~ -n1v 1JIT08E UX11 fLl11E(1a 1WV LVOOE1J(1WITa'LKwv yJcwom:1V- Eva cloot; 'UITEQWLXWV 01J[lqJwvwv oa.v 10 q ~ 10 g )[.01J avvollEuovrm aITo 01(10¥"rUAE[la lWV XEl!cLWV (qw, gw). Iut; IlLaJcEXW1J£ 111t; EJc),11vLX~t; ocv OLC1.1llQOUvlm

XEtAO-UITEQwLxa.

0

Eva XELJcODITE(1WLXO OU[lqJwvo, OITWt; flat; IlEixvEL ~ oUyX(110'l IlE 10V aVllOTOLXO ),auvL.xo 1UITO

q uis. Iw [l'Uxl'jVa'Lxa

EnYjVI·l.a OfLWt; w XEL!cO-UITEQwLxa qJalvE1CiL au OLal~(1O'1J vrCiL aXOfLa: a-lO·ro-qo: anlhroqwoi: QV8QW7WI"

nopo vo ~TOV IlLKp~e; KAIIlOKoe;. nOlte; dVOl OL LOLOmpOTTlT8e; TTle; EMTlVIK~e; 11800 OTO nAolOlo Hle; LVoosupwno'lK~e; YAWOOlK~e; OlKOY8V8LOe;; To TlXTlPO oooto oUIl epwvo *bh, *dh, *gh (0 OOTSplOKOe; UnOOTlAWVSL on npoK8LTOl yLO au 11 epwvo nou unoStToullS on oLt8818 Tl KOlV~ LVo08upwnoYK~) 01llv EMTlVLK~ sllepoVl~OVTOl we; oTlXO oooto: ph (CP), th (e), kh (X). H OUyKpL 0Tl 118 TO oPxolO LVOLKO (nou OLOTTlPOUV TO 11XTlPO oooto Tile; KOlV~e; lvo08UpwnoYK~e;) OdXV8L Ttl Oloepoponoi110Tl: LVOLKO bharami: 8MTlVlKO cpepw. To *j TTle; KOIV~e; LVo08upwnolK~e; YlV810l h (oOOUTIlTO) OT11v 8AA11VLK~: LVOLKO yah: SM11vLKO oe;. LTO 1l0pepOAOyLKO £nln800 SIl¢OV[

~ f'Jc".~

CIU,NTRA.l1fE

nICTIt)\.~.\lnf:

IH~TOII\F

O. ,\USSO:'i, J.-f_

~OVTQl OXllllOnollol nou XOPOKTTlPI~ouv T11V EMTlVLK~: 0 unsp881lKOe;

-TOroe;, 11 1l810X~

w

IT(1oyovot; 101J ITQW101J 01J[lCfJWvo'U 111t; avrwvulllat; w; 11WV

ETO[Ol.O/;IQUE

OES 'lOTS

l'~rll'lI.LOI

J. rA.lU-UilJ,4.T

-iJ£voe;. LTO ASsLAOyLO AtsSLe; 118 nSL01LK~ IV008UpW

nOYK~ 81uIlOAOY[O SllepOVI~OVTOl

IlS IOLOIlOpepl8e; nou npOOlOIO~OUV 0111v EMIlVLK~: lnnoe; (118 OPXLKO I OVTl yLO TO OVOll8VOllSVO s, np6A. AonVLKO equus) , o.pyupoe;, o.vepwnoe;. H 1l8yOATl KOTTlYOPlO OUOlaon KWV 08 -sue; dvOl, T8AOe;, LOLOIlOPeplO Tile; EAAIlVLK~e;. ~

\1 ISJfT:'>f.

ITO cru~o'\oYIK6 '\£~IK6 TOU P. Chantraine Kal TWV auv£pyarwv Tau (Paris, '1968-1970) ~I£P£UVWVTOI (l£ B6eoe; ~ apXIK~ (l~~O oia TWV ,\t~£wv T~e; Apxoioe; E,\'\~VIK~e; KOI ~ £v~OY'\WOOlK~ £~£'\I~~. ITo '\£~IK6 TOU H. Frisk, Griechisches Etymo/ogisches Wdrterbuch, 3 T., Heidelberg 1960-1972, 1~IOlT£P~ (l~~o(lia ~iV£TOJ (lTa IV~O£UPWTTO'IKil TTop6'\'\~'\o.

A-
21

npoi~TOPIKOI

XPONOI

EMHNIKH KAI npOEMHNIKEI rAnIIEI H OIO~OpqJWCJll Ko8e: yAWO ooc; dVOl, oe: OrWOVTlKO noooOTo, npo'lov HIC; au vo

ETlIYpo
co

(ETpOUCKIK~;),

ano

T~ !I~~vo

OAM C£ iJYVWaT~ YAWC (60c; ar. n.X.).

VTTlO~C;

oe:c;.

dxov nA~PTl e:niyvwOTj OTi 0 e:MOOIKOC; xwpOC; ¢iAo!;£vTl oe: nOAOloT£POUC; AOOUC;, nou ~iAouoov nc; OIK£C; TOUC; YAWOOe:C;: ne:Aoayoi, Kope:C; KOl fit Ae:ye:C;, TuPCJllvoi, ClJol VIK£C;, 6puon£c;, KOUKWV£C;,

OlNOL H A.E~1'] olvo~ EvI)EXE1ClL va. ELvo.L !:va. a.QXmow,o liav€l.o, ~Ii'l'] a.no ,1jV mOXlj ''llS XOLvl1S LvlioE1JQWJla.'L%~S, 0 ngw,o LVOOE1JQw;ra.'(xos r1JrrOS *wai-no 0XE1lSEWL fJ-E ,OV JlQW'[o 01wm'KO 'wajnu XCU ,0 Xa.Q1:~E)'LX6 'wino, Km OL '[gEL!; a.1J1:ES YAw0mxES oLxoYEvwoS OV1:AOUV m8a.voww orr6 EVo XOLVO yAW00LX6 UJlOmQwfLa.. To LOLO m8ov6ww LOX,U€I. XClL yLa. 1:1'] AES'l'] (rrg[3A. oQoj.w'Lx6 varda)

Moov

KOPIK~ £yxiJpaKT~ £TlIYPo
(graffito) C£ ~£Aa~ea'P~ aTTIKO aK6~1'] ITA~pWe; anoKpumo ypa'l'~e£i_ H £TlIypa
CKU
KapIK~ ypa
tX£1

(0£CCOAoviK~, TpiJn£~o !I£~ntT).

A[~ov£C;, 'Aov£C;, TS~~IK£C;. 'AMwOT£ OMOyAwooOl yAWO OlKO( 8UAOKOI £m~ouoov KOI OTa IOTOPIKO XPOVIO 01 ovaoKa¢£c; ~ac; £Xouv OWO£I £mypa¢IKo o£iy~aTa T£TOIWV yAwOOWV: £T£OKU nptaKO, £T£OKPTlTlKO, 1') OT~All TllC; I\~~vou. EmnAtov, 11 avo KOAU4Jll TOU ~IVWIKOU nOAITIO~OU oUVOO£UTllK£ KOl ana nAouOlo £m ypa¢IKo UAIKO: TIC; mvoKio£c; TllC; Ipa~~IK~<; A, 01 onoi£<;, OUOTUXW<;, o£V £Xouv anoKpumoypa¢118£i aKo~a. TI OCP£IA£1 1') EAATlVIK~ YAwooa a' aUTO TO nAOUOlO YAWOOIKO uno OTpw~a KOl O£ nOlo 6a8~o ~nopou~£ va £vTonioou~£ aKpI6£OT£pa Tll CPUCJll TOU; 01 YAWOOlK£<; £m~l!;[£<; o£V dVOl £KA£KTlK£C;. EnllP£O ~OUV OAOKATlPO TO ow~a ~la<; YAwooa<;: qJWvoAoy[a, ~op¢oAoyia, OlJVTO!;l1, o1')~oola, A£!;IAOYLO, H n£pIOX~ O~WC; onou 11 £m~l~la yiv£TOl O~£OO OpOTn dVQl TO A£!;IAOYIO, 'ETaI, ano nOAU Vwp[c; napOTllP~8Tl K£ OTi TO A£!;IAOYIO TTlC; Apxa[o<; EAATlVIK~C; n£pl£X£1 CJll~aVTlKO apl8 ~o OTOIX£iwv !;£VTl<; npO£A£uOTlC;· Ta OOV£la aUTO ~nopouv va £VTQ X80uv O£ QUO KOTTlYOPl£<;: oov£la IVoo£upwnalK~<; npo£A£uCJllC; KQl 6c'tv£la ano ~TlIVooe:upwna'iK£C; YAWOO£C; 0, A£!;£IC; TTUPYOC; Kat TUj.160C; dVQl napa odY~OTa TllC; npw TllC;' KQlTjYOp[oC;.

22

TTlC; ~£ OAA£C; yAWO 01 0PXO[OI 'EM1')Ve:C;

H I\s~1l nupyor; SXSl IVOOSUpWnOIK~ npOSI\SUOTj, onWe; qJOlVSTOI K080 po ana Til OUyySVSlO Tile; ~S Til YSPIlOVIK~ M~1l burg (OXUpWIlEVOr; nupyor;). H YSPllavlK~ aUT~ I\S~1l "KOToynQl» ana TOV npWToivoosu pwnoiKo Tuno *bhrghos. H SI\AIlVlK~ S~SI\I~1l TOU Tunou aUTou -OUIl ¢wva Ile TOUe; Kavovee; Tile; EI\I\IlVlK~e;- 80 neplllsvolle va eivQl *npoxor;. 0 TunOe; OUTOe; oev ell¢ovl~nOl KOI OTIl 8sOTj TOU ellqJovl~e TQlIl M~1l nupyor;. H I\S~1l OUT~ oV~Kel AOlnOV as ~lO Ivooeupwno'iK~ yl\wooa olo¢openK~ ana Tllv EMIlVlK~. To 1010 LOxuel KOI YlO Til I\S~1l TUIlBor;. KOI OUT~ sxel IvooeupwnaiK~ £TU~Ol\OYlO -*dhlJ1bhos- OAI\O nopoBlo~el TOUe; Kovovee; Tile; EAI\IlVlK~e;. H OVOlleVOlleVIl e~SI\I~1l -OTIlV eAI\IlVIK~- Tile; npWToivooeupwnoiK~e; I\S~Ile; *dhlJ1bhoS e[vOl 11 -unapKT~- M~1l TOrpOr;. 0 Tunoe; TUIlBor; -onwe; KOI 0 TunOe; nupyor; npoo(oel TIlV unOp~1l1l10e; nOl\OlOTeplle; lvooeupwnoiK~e; yl\WOOOe;, Ile Tllv onolo oUVOVT~eIlKS 11 EMIlVIK~. nOAAol lleAnllTse; unoOTIlPl~Ouv on TO Ivooeupwno'iKO aUTO yl\WOOlKO unoOTpw~o oev S~OVTAe(TOI as ~10 yI\WOOO, 0,"'\0 oe neploooTepee; (auo swe; Tsooeple;). H OSUTSPIl KOTIlYOPIO OOVelWV onOTel\elTOl ana I\S~ele; nou oev SXOUV Ivooeupwna'iKo XOPOKT~PO KOI OV~KOUV evoexo~evo oe yvw OTSe; ~ OYVWOTSe; ~£OoyeloKse; KOI OVQTOl\lKSe; Yl\wooee;: M~ele; (TIe; neploaoTepee; ¢opse; Tonwvu~lO) ~e TO npo081l1l0 -ve-, KOplVeOr;, zo KUVeOr;, aoall/VeOr; (Ilnav/Epa), OAUVeOr; (aYPlOouKla), EpEBlVeOr; (peBlel), M~ele; Ile TO npoa81l1l0 -00-, IAIOOOr;, K7)rplO(O)Or;, KunaplO oor;, vapKIOOOr;, I\S~ele; IlS TO npo081l1l0 -Ilv-, I'tapullva, Mr,eUllva. Ga npsnel enlOTje; va npoOTe80uv As~ele; onwe; eaAaooa, pooov, IlOAUBoor;, olvor;, xpuoor;. 'Onwe; nopaTilPel 0 J. Chadwick, "11 ~SI\8T1l TWV TonwvulllwV KOI TWV oavelwv dVOl SVO nOl\U mo neplnl\OKO eyxdpllila an' o,n vOIl[ ~ouv opla~svOl. 'AMwOTe, TO o[youpa oeoOllsva elVQl AlyO. To 1l0VO ao¢ol\~ OUIlf1epOoIlOTo nou Ilnopd va auvoyoyel Koveie; ... ana yl\wo OIKSe; llapTUplSe; aUTou TOU nJnou dVOl TO e~~e;: ilIa Tou!\6XlOTov yAWOOO IlIAlOTOV OTllv EMMa nplv ana TOUe; 'EAI\IlVSe;. H EAI\IlVlK~ yAWOOO YSVVlSTOI ana TO IlnOAlOollO evoe; lvooeupwnaiKOu IOIWIlOTOe; oe sva WI SAI\IlVlKO KI\WVapl.» ~..,

AOajifVeOC;: At~~ npO&H~VIK~~ npotA&Ua~~ nou a~~oiv&1 VfCpO. Aaa~lveo~

on6 TO

~UK~VO'I'K6

ovaKTopo

T~~

JiITO

nullou.

LHMITIKA 6ANEIA THL: EMHNIKHL:

,uva,

Xf/vaor:; (flaQ1UQELWl ~o~ (JTl~ 1lIVC()
x~e;

B), Mhoc;, xmvv, xaQo.aaw, J..iwv, IiQlT:I), },E%o.VI) (m

Sa.Velle; oavELo a116 T~V AQap.a(x11).

«IlanoL Ou OUWplOvouoav on oU(JLaonxo fl·EQO; TOU Enll vLxoli AE;L),OYWU 110V O:'t'0Qa 0101' EIOLXO itEQI[JaAAOV1lXO xaQaxC11Qa "1e; 1v[WOYElOU OEY ~1]WQE[ va f;1lY'l0d lOe; 11 EA· )'11"1.'"11 x.01a),~;'l x.)''lQOVO~L11~LEVlOV LvooeuQIIl]ta'l'KCoV )·1';E wv. AU1Ee; ](EQLAO:~l~avouv 't'u1a 01lWC /kul'eoc; (avy-o) ,

/oJ,Il''', ',,;;(/,,1)0<;, aQxwl)oc;, M'I'''l, uQiYa/'oC;, r'(lI~LVeUC;, ;".iiJWI'OI', x';Qauoc; XCLL (juDY-oC;. :V[cWSl: nov s(il(UV Elvm 0 OVOC;, {J6V(lIJOC; (fl6J.LVeOC;) XC!t 0 %o.l,(Jr.l(!OC; L101XEiU. ~0U mpogouv 010V UAtX.O J10Al1l Jl<) ElyOl. J1agollO;w; fllj [),~.rl '1

°

xa: ,lIEmU01l, xaaaiuQor" XaJ.XOC;, ,U6;,VI10o<;, J"ly-veoe;, %0. ODe;, xQwaao::" ~iqJOC;, mlQYoC;, a,(JolJ[J{(, JaGjuveOC; xu[ ;r).[1I(l01:;. OQIO).l£VEe; J10Al1lX£~ ~ J
uava;,

OLx£~ yLU 1YjV En'lV\1<~ XOLVWVlll, eX(jlQci~OV1aL ILl' AC~l'U:; 1101) 8Ewg01JVWL oUV1l()/'l£ ctgOEf).,ljVLXf;, AU1C; 7l£Qu,n,1 )u.

YOUV "1 AiSq {3aau..Evc; (/-lvxYjvcii%(( qa-si·re-u), 1~ ),E~'l ooiiJ.oc; (~L1Jx11va'(xo. do-e-ro) XaL .TI1)J(li<~. EnL0'l~ OL fSEXO Y1Ee; ~Q'''l'e; 1WV EA)''lVLXWV Emov -'OOVOIJ[llC;, /lXiV,EV;, BI)OEVr,- xaOw; XCII. ;IOA),E~ am) n~ E)).11vr,(E<; BE0111H£ -'1\(1)1'6, "HQG., 'A'PQOOinl, '£Q,llijC;- OEV
OOElJQWllCllXa EH'lvLxa ovopa,1O».

1. P. tvlallory, OL fI'OOEvQwJrClLm, 0.82.

A-cD. XPIITIL'lHI

23

01 IlIAJ\EKTOI

ElnrnrH KAI TAiINOMHIH KaTO HjV 101OP1K~ m:p[ooo, ono TOV 80 Ol. n.X. KQl £~~<;, 11 EAAllVIK~ yAwooo nopouOlO~£l fl£YOAll OlQA£KTlK~ nOlKlAia. Ko8£ nOAll 01'11 flll TpOnOAlTlK~ EMooo KQI OTl<; nOAuopI8fl£<; anolKl£e; XPllOlflonold TllV TOnLK~ OlOA£KTO mle; 0llflOOl£e; KOl Tle; lOlWTlK8e; npO~£Ie; KQI KOS£ AOYOT£XV1KO £iooe; 8X£1 TllV lOlQ[T£p~ TOU OlOA£KTO, OTllV onola ypO
a AnoAAwv

(ano TO ~UTlKO a£Tw~a TOU vaou TOU l"o~ OT~V Kal TO ovo~aTa
TO BA1:JAEIO TON MAKE.10NON :UA nJ\H TOY 60u KAI :no A' MII.O TOY 500 m.lT.X.

o EmKpri'TTlu mu !3cxmhciolJ TlJ}V Apyto6wv 1Tcpi TU Ttl\'l TOU 60u 01. IT.X.

o npOOKT~(m~ 'OU AAr.~avfipou N: 479-452 n.X.

G

flAlONIA

Bu.ui~J~IO rroo (rvo)'Vwpl~(1V Tllv r:UlI§ttpllIpXia TOU tU{~6:vfiflOtJ (\'

IMYPIA 0PAl
OOOllOVT1Kri

HO(I.wfc;

KP'1UTWvio BOTTio

n{AACl

'"

E poaftT

BUJCI?nfa

Ml)yllovia AVOqJOuC;

napol)ofo

nrppOlpfl) AnAanal~~tY'lllaptjl~ Tau x6pT'l ncu n£,li£X£TOI aTo 6!6Aia TOU I.ToupOTooyAau, Ma/ff:i5ov;a. Ae~vO 1995, a.19.

0EHAAIA

24

XiJpTnc; ~c TnV KaTava~~ TWV rcaaiJpwv 5IaA'KTIKWV 0~a5wv KaTa TnV IOTOPIK~ TTcpi050. ITO K£VTpO Tnc; vaTlac; TTAcupac; Tnc; M, Aaiac; an~E:IWVE:ral ~IKTOU xapaKT~pa na~'I'UAlaK~,

n

Apl
Iwv"uj - ATT1K~

ll.unK~

i1ElrMATA MMEKTIKHL i1IAOPOnOIHTI:IL Eluoat: Amy.~. IoJVty.~, AQX(LOG<~. i\.W~L((X~. O~L1jglXli' duoa!: O~LTlQlX~' Fixau: r-.U1LX~, BOLW1LX'i. 8woa),LZli' rplx.au: na/l
ovo

rflW(JE<;: Amy.11' dooeQe~ IWVLx~, AQY.C!OLXi] rfaoaeE<;: Iwvlx~, KOLV~' nio(o)vQe<;: ;\W~Lax~' nloVeE<;: OflTlQLX~' nirrQ{!e~ BOLW1LX~' dW(lI:r;: i1U1LX~. Xi},WL: Al1LY.i] , Xd},LOL: IWVLx~' x'ljhoL: ;\aXWVLX~' XiULOL: i\.w~La1<~, 8woaALX~ (ana TO ngwl0E),),1jVLXO *Xia},WL). 2~~spa

slVOI YSVlKO anOOSKnlll OlalpSaTl TWV OlaAEKTWV Tile; 10TO nspl600u 08 TEOOSple; o~oose;: a. ATTIKO'lWVIK~, 6. ApKOOOKU nplaK~, y_ ALOAlK~ (ElSOOOAIK~, i\S06l0K~, BOIWTlK~), 0 £iUTlK~ (£iWpIK~, BOPStOOUTlK~). £iuo OAASe; OIOASKTOI. 11 nO~
"oQrJ: A mx~ i
sivo<;: Amx1i' sElvo<;: IwvLl<~' sI]Vor;: i1WQL"~' sivF0<;: i1w QLZ~.

ei{ti: Amxi]' [fl,ut: i\EO~Lw,i1' i,UIt!: 8woa/..Lxi]· 'Ij,ui: i1WQLx1i (ano TO LVooEuQwnoXxo *es-mi), odr;vrJ: Al1LX~, IWVLX'rl' oe},avva: i\w~lax~ odava: !\uQL x~ (ano TO ngwloE)J,TlVLXO "ocJ,ao-vCL, no.gaywyo o.:T.o 10

ovofla aiAw;: },6.,u1/JrJ). ~01j},OllCLt: AmxIl, IWVlX'~, O~lllQLX~' (3a).o,uaL: Iwv'!.I'], Ag

xo.OL%~, 0pTlQlzir ~6UO,UCLL: i\w~Lm(1i ~wJO!LQL: i1WQLY.,~ (3iUo,UCLL: 8Euua),Lx~' {3EiJ,o,ury: BOLWTLY,~' (3ljAO,UW: BOlWU Y~ (JliJ,owJ.t: i1OJQLX~' odAol!w: BOQ£LO u1LZli.

fJaQaOQov: Amx~' {3iQdiQov: OI-tTlQLzir V!![OQov: AQxa OLX~. May.£ooVLx~.

noaEtowv: A l1Ly.1i· DooEtOiwv: ]WVLY.li· DooEtoawv: 0fl'l QLy.1i· noa£iow': i\Ell~Lo.x~' nOOOLOU.v: AgxabLx,'r nOhVL Oell': ,\axWVLYI1' Dow06.FIJJv: i1WgLx1i' norwl,iv: ~wgLx'li. nea<;: A HLx)i, TcOVLX~. i\Eo~lay,ir Jrf1ori: OJL~QIXl'l' .'toQr! K(1qll;:~' .• fUti: nau~;lI),;%ll' .~or( /\l'T,dj, AW
MAPIANNA MAPrAPITH-POiKA

25

01

tllAilEKTOI

APKAAOKYnPIAKH 41AAEKTOI .' EmrPM)H ADO TO IL\A!\IO

H ApKaooKunplaK~ OIOASKTO<;, nou anOKaA£lTOl KOI Nona Axa'lK~,

"OrE: rtl(v) iTraJ.lv 'EoaJ.lOv xariF0(jyov MiiooL xO:, KmijFE, lev) ran (/)rJ.llxv!t(jwv FirEr rw 'Ovauayo(!av, [JarlLJ.E:V, Irauixv!t[io, XO:, a !traM, EoaJ.diFE" avwyov '()vauiJ.ov rov 'Ovaurxv,T/JwV rov iyarijpav xa, ro; XWlL J'Vliro, iytiuOaL ro, a(v)OeO)iTO, ro, lev) riir pazar ix(?)paptvo, aWl! proOwv [••. J.

1..I1A10Tav O'TT'Jv ApKao[a Kal TT'JV Kunpo. napa TT'J I..ISyOAT'J anoOTaOT'J l..I£Ta~U TWV ouo nsploxwV, 01 OIC1.ASKTO[ TOU<; napouOIo~ouv aTSVOTa TT'J ouyysvsla, T'J onoia sm6s60lwv£T0l Kal ana apxaia napooooT'J Yla W01K101..I0 TT'J<; Kunpou ano TT'JV ApKaoia. H olaAsKnK~ aUT~ 01..1600, m8avov, anoTsAd Ouvsxsla TT'J<; MUKT'Jva'iK~<; olaAsKTou. nOVTW<;, T'J K01V~ npoyovo<; 1T'J<; ApKaolK~<; Kal TT'J<; KunplaK~<; npsnsl va dxs Olol..l0p
O. Masson, Les inscriptions chyprioles syllabiques, U{lo 217. 'Orav nOAloQxOVUov U/V nOAI]lOaAw Ol M~OOl xm Ol Km £i; rl] XQovla rov
ArrocJnao[iO omi Emygacp~ (m8ovov [iEWSV 478 y.m 470 rr.X.) ;(aQoWEvll DE ;(a.ht'Vll mvaXloa, rrou rgEEJI1XE oro tE go Tile; A8I1vae;. TIQoxmm yca ro £1'-TE'VEOTEQO y:ungtaxo XEl[iEVO xm JlEQtAa~PaVEt ODfHjJWVla roD ~amAta xm 1WV rrOAtr0J'V 10D loaA,ou fie ro YWTQO OvaolAo xm roDe; aOEAcpOUe; rou YW Til OU1QeaV JleQleOA1jJ'!] TWV TQaU/laUwv XaTa. 111 OtapXna T'!]<; rroAwQxiae; TI1<; rroA'!]e; (/.),0 roue; f[£QOEe; Yoat roue; xmoixoue; T't]e; CPOI VI,tXlie; /l0)'11e; rou KtTiou. ,nOAlV no}.lv (ltQP),. mo},I;, nroJ.iEeQOV, mOA6po; orov '01111go, xat fWxeOOVtXO nro}.E/loio;)· 'E6a J.IOV: ro '[ori}.wv 1WV XAOOLXWV ltl1Yu)V' xari FOQYOv, aogwroe; rou *xaraFEQY01 ftE -oQ- OVTl -o.U- (alto C~WV'iEVUXO 'r), ;rgpJ... mnxo xardQY01' /v[dOol: kb)ool' KewifE;: J(mfL, (11 xma),11S11-liFE; fiE EXrrTuJOlj TOU F YlVEWt -11f; cna )c£oplaxa, Xat, p.e ouvalQEOll, -ij; ~ Ef; ow a.Htxa)· doxlJllQov' FirEr: irEt' rw: rov' 'Ovauayo QOu: 'OvaoayoQov' QVwyov: urrfQov\'!EI,tXOe; , OE -ov rrou altona y.at orov 'Ofil1(10' 'Ovaol m,7fQwv: 'OvaOlxvnuuu' iyarijQav: alTI.omdl OE -av oni -a lOU iar~Q (rrgpA. 0fl119lXO b/tlie)' ro; xaolYv~ro,: rnuxo roil; xa o(',vliwv( (cC'l'n rn"c )((WIj'v'ITo,',)' iX(?)lta,Llivo~: a1la~ EDQ1lfiEVO (flnox~ eVoe; Q~~taro; • £"I'6.01 Ii *1J!.JW/lL ~

*typal't;).

Io~oue;

TT'J<; AtppooiTT'J<; na
Map~iJplvo iJyo~~o A,!,po~iT~e;

alTO TOUe;

MX8T'JKS wlopaoT'J ana TT'J .6.WP1K~ KOIv~. Ln<; apxs<; 10U 20u at. T'J .6.WP1K~ aUT~ KOlV~ aVlIKa1SaTT'J0s TT'JV 10mK~ OIOASKTO aTl<; 0T'JI..I0OlS<; KOI 11<; IOIW11KS<; npo ~Sl<;, aAAo Evav Olwva apyoTspa unOXwpT'Jos Kal aUT~ aTT'Jv EAAT'JVlaTIK~ K01V~ 'EAAT'JVS<; ana TT'JV nSAOnOVVT'JOo KOI Kupiw<; ana TT'JV ApKaoia anoiKloav TT'JV Kunpo K010 1T'J I..IUKT'Jva'l K~ nspiooo. LUI..I
Cloe; 01. IT.X.) (AcuKwaio, KIIlIPIOKO Mouado).

smypa
IHIV KLmpo 6pi811KOV wi OTJ<; £mypo¢i<; Tll<; ET£OKunpl OK~<;, Tll<; yAwooo<; i511Aoo~ TWV nOAOIcl1£PWV KOTOIKWV TOU VllOLOU, 010 1010 ouMa 6ap10, KOI 111<; yAwooo<; TWV OIVIKWV TOU VllOLOU O£ ¢Ol VIKIKO OA¢o6f)T0. To OTJI-I0VTlKOT£PO xo POKTllPI01IKO Tll<; APK0i50 KunploK~<; c:[VOI: i51Q1~PrJ

.e1 .\

OTJ TaU a (~a/1ia)·1 ono £ OlnAO O£ EVplVO (iv: iv)·

TPO~

TOU T£AIKOU 0 O£ U (aAAu, Y£VIK~ £VIKOU -au OVT( -ao: Q11lKO -ou: KaAMau: OntKO KaAMou)' OUPlOTIKO (KunpIOKO a, OPKOi5IKO TO, nou i511AWV£101 1-1£ £1i5IKO oUI-I60AO V1) ono X£l Aoun£pwlKo nplV ana t, £ (KunpIOKO aie;: Tie;, pKoi5lKO dl1£: drc:)' i51Q1~PllOTJ TOU F (KunpIOKO P';TOe;:

€TOe;, OPKOi5IKO KOPFa: KOPI7)· I-lio£<; K01QA~~£le; -TOt, -VTOI oVTl -Tal,

-VTaI (K£fTOt K£fTaI) KQ10All~11 -17e; oVTI -cue; (i£prje;: i£p£ue;)' i5£IKTI

K~ OVTwvul-lio 6vu Me Kae;: Kai' noe;: npoe;. 1i5loTuni£<; Tll<; APKOi5IK~<;

c:lVQl: i510T~PllOTJ TOU i5£UT£POY£vou<; -va- (KpivwVOl: onlKo KpivwOl

ana KpivWVTl, navaa: naaa ana ·navna)· un08£1IKo<; auv i5WI-l0<; d, £vw 11 KunploK~ XOpOKTllP[~£101 ana Y£VIK~ £VlKOU -wv: onlKo -ou (jJ108iiJv: /110800) Un08£1lKO ouvi5WI-IO rj: £{- K£: av (i5UVllT1KO, 00p1010AOy1KO) 1-1£10 601lKO ¢8oyyo y 1-I£1Q~U I KOi ¢WV~£VlO<; (6voaiya:

6voaia). ~

KC'l'OA~ OYOA~OTO<; K6p~<;

ono 006cOToA,60 (OPXE<; 50u 01.) VC TaU npoownou KO' VC YV~0I0 Kunp'OKO OTolxcio TO OTOAi~,o OTO KC'!'OA' KO' mo AOl ~a. Ana TO I~OA'O (flEuKwoio, Kunp'OK6 Mouoeio). 'WV'K~ £TTi~poo~ OTO XOPOKT~PIOTIKO

EmrPAH AllOTHMANTlNEIA e[ ilLe; i v rOlqlOL 1'01' rol'[ e (bwOavovt'Ov] ({JOVEe; iou, du' airr:oe; due [r6v ioyov6v] 11Ie; XIX r6(!pfvTE.(JOV, dun[ol'tivopov] dl1l: rae; ({JU(!Oiv6, il'fJ£Vcpl[e; tvaL XIX] XPWdplOV'

ro

L. DUbois, Recherches sur Ie diaJecte arcadiell, t. 2, o. 96, (fT. 25·29. aV xcUwwe; ana avwve; nov nagEvgiOryxav oro 'EgO eLvm, EirE 0 iowr:; £irE xanowr:; (mo rovr:; aQQEvEr:; anoyovo vr; wv, cpovLar:; rOJv avegWlTOJv nov ~(r1Xo.v ro e6vo.w rarE, EirE rOJv o.voQwv £ire rlJr:; no.eGivov, o.vro £ivw LEQOOVA!o. xora rOj.lIJ.vuio.

H Of'~9')(~ «egorElvT] MavtLYE11" ('1),0.e;, B 607) OltOrEAOU yeal' =0 lTEyre C11flou" Ol OltOiOl ow LoroQ':~ci XgOYLO OUYEvw8~)(c£Y xm C£lTQ1:E)..WOY T'I MUvrLVEW. To )(EL,LL<:\'O ELym wroo1Taofla alta o,)(ao!l)(~ ulToc:pao~ Evavrlov (11;0 flOJV 1WU )(Ql811xav EVOXOl LfQOOVAla, alTEvuvrL orllv A811VCt AiJ.a., rll, o1\ola, TO Lfgo ELXE ylYEL 8EaTQo flLO, UI!'.Ot'19~' O1JVlTi.ox~,. E:ll';'gacp~ rwy ClQX,j,y rOl! SOU CH.. Ta c, 0: '}, w. il'e;: !Le;. rOlEQoi: (TOi: IEQoL): r(IJ IEg(IJ· anvtiavovrov: o.l&otia VOV"'IV' cpovtr;: cpold;· [tilE: dr!:' eoy6v6v: £xyovOJv (~ ltQ08w~ tX lTgo (fWV~EYtO, ELyCJ.L i£ )(ClL 7fQo oWq)(iJ YO'\) ir; fL<: (J.Jw~oi,11 rou x)· xa: xmo.· rOQQiv!EQov: ro c1QQi vrEQOV fIE XQaml (11 xmc'AA~~~ -!Ego; CllAUJYEL EOW 0XEOll aY1i8EO'I;,ilQ~A. Ofll1QLXO e,/},,;r£Qor;) rpagGivo: n;oQOivov· lvwvcpEe; (Ev + I' ',WpOl-tal, ltQ~J.. allEprpl/r:;)· Xgtodgwv: XQ1JO!J7QWV.

MnpoUT~IVO

[I0WAlO oyEvClOu Epv~ v~ ~oP'l'~ 600KOU TWV 60uvwv. TCPWTC1 oav06I1,o. EVTunwo~ npoKoAci ~ a(JX~· v,a TWV xapaKT~p,m'Kwv TOU T1poownou. 'Epyo opKoll'Kou cp YOOTT1Piou TWV avtow<; ~CTO Ta V~~'KO XPovwv (A6~vo, E6v'KO APXQJOAoy'Ko Mouocio). opKo~r.wv

MAPIANNA MAPfAPITH-POfM

27

01

111AAEKTOI

AIOAIKH AIAAEKTOI TIlV OLOAlK~ OlaAe;KTlK~ OIJOoa aUVanOTe;AOUaaV Ot OIOAe;KTOl Tile; 8w aaAlae;, Tile; B01WTlae; Kal Tile; IIsa60u 1Je; TIlV KaTSVaVTl 1J1KpaOlaTlK~ aKT~. KOtTioa Tile; AlOAlK~e; ~Tav 11 8WaaAia, 11 onoia, nplv e;yKaTa aTQ80uv e;Kd 01 KOTayalJe;VOI ana Hj E)wnpwTia 6wplde; E)waaAol,

Ovgwgr,n iC6oc~ E.,rrogoyvwL, uk o£ aU/i{JaJ,a iCC/iiCCfiorw, iCiaauyyoL {;f. IJ 'ii' t~cJT6Yaway. rlL"lCjlW, 110 a (l- Pl.

OVOlJa~aTQV

EiCul ogyti~ wv ()vQwQov 0' JrooaQE~. oavoaJ.a ro v ana JriVrE fioloorapaQa, ()ixa 0' raayxo.Qo.oe~nov r' UQyaoTllxav. fa

II LamjJw, ~ OExm11 MoueJa, oioase ems yuvaLxes 1~S E),ACtOas va ayarrouv w «gooa T~S ITt.egLaS" (T'1 ,lOU()LX~ xm H]V rrOL~0'11) xU( avO.uue T~V rra80Ao'(La lOU yAuxum Y.QOU £Quna. LlO rrQOY.ELllevO E:rnBal,cilllo ~ eUTQam),la nT] 'latH arro 111v U'[[Q~OA~, ~ Xci.QlS ano TT] XOA~, T] an:A0111TU arro T~ AOYLOO\)\'1'J. O, veOVUI-llPOl AOt.rrov ~QloxovTUL 010 V1J(jJLXO ElaAafto. T~ EluQa cpQouQel 0 ()vQWQO<;, £vaS EleoQa 10S aVTQo.s £!1-ITLGTOS TOU yarurQou. KaEl~y.ov TOU ElvaL va rro.QEfJ.JlOOL.oeL ns cpU,es IllS \'1Jcp~S nou reQoorroLouvrm on BO.ouv va TT]V e),elJOeQw(Jouv. O, xorreJ.es avnOQouv ~t.e £w. oxwrrnxo TQW(OUOL YLa TOY aVOlXOvOI-l~TO rra10uxa.. To oavoa),L, orews xm o~fJeQa 10 yo~CtXt (rrQ~A. 10 no.Qa !1'UBl 111S LWX1Onouws), ~TUv 0111V aQXULot~1:a oUll~ol.o XaL tpnlx eQwtLxo, YoUl emrr),eov oQyavo al.yol.ayvelas 01:11V uIT1lQeola 1:11S TIa vOli!.lOu AqJQoOitl1S· To rrol~~latLO ExEl ouv1:EOel OTO 1OITlY.O tolWlla 1:11S A€o~ou: eVQwQo~, ,te ava0l~c((J,UO TOU rovou' i.-tTOQayvwl anL brraoQayvwl (oQayuw oQyvra, arro OQEYW: on)wvw ra XEQW). To ETCLGno rroQarr£,trrEl o1OU£ 0i.Ll1Qlxoi,; Al.waoES, rrou liwv EYl'eaQYvwl. To ,·H',Ine(J61JCI. (iCE.I.l:re: JrEJiU, p6?) or;: (36ewr;) elvm errlo~£ O'l~QlY.li ava!1v~(J~ E:rru.paelOv ~l:C(V TO aa%O~ (11 aOJriIJa) TOU Alana. Uiaauyyor; dvm tOlW~taTlXli A£S11 (<'). To iCmavawav (at ((VTi. ?) elvm aOQloroS 101J [;<;rol'o.w (E;
LTOV Ka/'a80ox~~0 cpu8p6~ap
TOU TOU Bpuyou (AKpayO<; 480-70 n.X.), noploTavovTOI 0 A/'Kaio<; Ka/ ~ IonKQA6C;: a ila/lac; civGJ wpoioC;) ~cv 'XCI axtcr~ ~c TO 8t~a, aUa CKWT. Museum I Koppermann). ~wypa
28

AloAle;. H E)waaAla, 8TIe;10~ dVOl axe;06v anoKOIJIJsVIl ana Til 80Aaaaa, napSIJe;lve; xwpa ye;wpYOKTIlVOTPOeplK~, 0 OlT060Awvae; KOL TO mno epop6do Tile; EM60ae;. 6loiKIlTlKO ~Tav olOLpe;lJsVIl ae; Tsaae;ple; «Te; Tp60e;e;" (nt:ltaaYIGJTI~, E)waaltlwTlC;, 'laTlOlwTI~,
01 BOlWTOL KmoyovTOv ana HIV m;plOX~ TaU opOue; Boiov (>BOlWTOe;) Tile; B, Hndpou, 'EOlW KOI apyo 01 BOIWTIKSe; nOAE:le; ou yKpoTlloav Olloanovo[a uno Tllv

'-'~;I-;.-.-.-III"~ii1.iI.'"

Mip(fOW/ bi x~ ),LyoolJaV MoolJritJ' iW1M;' pava (fov a' Epa flLvbalJoL nor EIJLV,

on

I

KOQlvva, 664 PMG. Mip.rpop.w Xat T''l ylv"oJ.aJ,'l k/vQr{oo.

IlYE:1l0V1a Tile; e~Bae;, MOAovon Il BOlwTia E:8E:wpdTO xwpa Tile; na

ywri o.v "at yvvo.ixa

XUA~e;

H KOQlwa. I] bLaOl]flOIEQI] flno HI Iampw nOl~lgla 111e; ogXmOII]We;, YEw~8I]XE 01l]V TOV(LYQO. 11]e; BOLOnLae;. H QOlflaicEa lI~XVl] TIle; EbwOE acpoQfl~ OTIl flu80nAaoLa au VLXl]OE nEVIE wyE nLvoaQ01, Yl'VlY.~ IOU nivoaeo, pay&. (anolOV LVOO£Ugw n;a'(xo luno *gwena, CUT010V onoiov XaL 10 1010lXO qens > an),lxa queen) aVILyvvli,

aIl08E:1Oe; KOI Tile; aypOl K[ae;, Ol081lKE: YE:VVOlOOWPIl OTIlV nayKOOl-lla noillOll: a Hoioooe;, a nivoapoe; KOI Il Koplvva ~TOV B01WTOl. Ano TOUe; TpE:le;, WOTOOO, I-l0VO Il Koplvva YPO¢E:l Olllv Enl xwpla AlOAlK~ OIOAE:KTO, Il onoLa

dVOl aV0I-lIKTIl I-lE OWplKO OlOl

Xda, MIa IOIOlTEPOT11TO TWV 60lW nKwv dVOl on ~Oll ana TOV 40v at.

EIOOYETOl sva OUOTIlI-l0 ¢wvllnK~e;

ypa¢~e; (ooKpau aVTI OC1KpU).

H Kupla I-lETaVa01E:UTlK~ Kl

J ",

VIlOil ana Til ewaaAla Olil /\£060 KOI OTIl M, Aoia OUVTE:AdTOl I-lETO Til I-lUKIlValK~ E:nOX~· To OlOAlKO Tile; J\soBou I-loe; dVOl YVWOlO KU plWe; ana Ta nOl~ I-lma Tile; L:an ¢we; KOI TOU AAKaLou, 'OI-lWe; Il yAwooa aUTwv TWV nOlIlTwv E:IVOl SVTEXVIl I-lE nOAAo 5C!VE:la ana TO snoe;. To AwBlaKo IOlWl-la unoxwpd OTllv 100nEownK~ nopEia Tile; KOIV~e;, aMo Ola pWl-la'lKO xpovla YVWPl~EI OE nOlllnKo YUIlVOOl-laTO napoolK~ ov81l01l KUPIO xapaKHIPlonKo T11e; AIOAIK~e; SE:WPOUVTOl: Il Tpon~ TWV XElAOUnE:pWlKWV OE: XE:IAIKO (avT[ ooovnKwv) nplV ana £: ncnap£e; (lI';nop£e;), B£)"cpoi (i1£)"cpoi), rtJena)"),,oe;, nnGaA6c; (8£Ooa),,0e;),

n~YE

va lraQa~y£i OTOV [JivoaQol

EnITlJ~Bla aT~'~ ~E aV8£~WT~ Eni01'£t\I~ ana T~V mplOX~ T~~ Mplaa~ (yupw O1'a 450 n.X,).

0

naxou'o~ vtoe;
XlTwva KOl x'a~u~a, tXEI novw 01'0 K£
h Wt JrapEovro,; xlJEWipl'V l/Ja
H XP~OIl nmpwVul-llKWV aE: -we; aVTi YE:VlK~e; nmpwvul-lou: rtJO,wv 1'1 'E),AaVOVV boOt'! a;coJ.luia iJ.0VOp£lOe; (1'liJ.0vOpau), Aiae; rc:)"aiJ.&JVlOe; H I-lETOX~ £vEPYllnKou IG lX. 2,517. napaKEll-lSVOU OE: -OVT-: n£cpElpoKovne; (T£GT)paKOTee;) , H OOTlK~ nAIl r.~( (all J[aQovr(J~ va. wrocpaOlo8ei va lj)YJqJiam II'S r/JCJH-: lla 8uvnKou TplTOKAiTWV OE: -£001: naiowOl (now!). H KW¢wOIlTOU a OE: a 0000151' nhiQ/7 }wlm%a bt"cltI,J/ww. OE 60ou,; 8wau)o15'; (tva we;) Kal TOU a OE: U (6)")"u). IOIOITE:pOTIlTE:e; Tile; eWOOAlK~e; - J\w61aK~e; dVOl: Il a¢Ol-loiwOIl TaU 0 ana 10 uypo ~ svplva: COiJ.! > f;iJ.iJ.i, oe)"oovo > o£)"ovva .. H E:ns KTOOIl TWV Ele; -iJ.l KQI OE OUvIlPIlIl£va OE -£w (tPi ),,17iJ. 1) , IOIOTunl£e; Tile; J\WBIOK~e; dVOI Il ljJ[AWOIl (wpa), 11 6apUTovIl011, 011Aao~ 0 ava616a 01l0e; TaU Tavau 000 TO £nlTp£nE:l a vallOe; T11e; TplouAAaB[oe; (80iJ.oe;), a ol¢80YYl0I-l0e; ana oVT£KToOil ('navTe; > nale; oVTI nae;). IOIOTUnlE:e; Tile; eWoaAlK~e; dVOl Il Tpon~ TOU a OE au (xoupa: xwpa, :4n)"ouv f'lno)"),,wv) Kal TOU t. OE: £l (iJ.awp: iJ.r7TTJP). ~a.

Xat ci}J,ov,; 'E}J1]VE~ xawlxo15v (m/v ITO}"! W'';

A;r(](ml.Ofla ana Aa[JLOcltxO ~)~'PIOflCl (IOU 216 n;,X.) lIEQl no),l1oYQaq)l'loEW~ VEWV 1l0h1lUv, H TIEAooylwnxil unobui A£XW, Dr Aa.010w; qlqJa"t~El OOL(j~lf.VEe; L6l0ru:llCC (I,·x· l/Jo.rpi~CLOIJElV, anaQE~I'1'alO aOQLmou, amY"o l/Jl/rp(aagl)r;u, fIE unoxmamaol] TaU -w ana 10 -ELv' OU'; "E, 11 oiiuXE, UUl xo OJOTC)- attoJtQooE'l.TIl 'lblaY"ufWv01] lOU ovc'lpCHoe; Bw 00),0(: naOuloi 011] B£ooa),ly"~, cPnraloi onl FloLUmx~, 8woaloi 01l]V lwvlx~, 8nraJ,oi OI'1V AnLx~ bLil),EXTO.

M.l. KOnIMKHl:

29

016IA/lEKTOI

BOPEIOAYTIKEI AIAAEKTOI BOP£IOOUTIKEe; OIOA£KTOl ~LA10UV1OV aTIl
Bo

P£IOOUTlKWV olaMKTwv.

a

Ta vo~ia~OTa T~C; 'H~,~oC; aE KaAA'TEXVIK~ cnl~E~loT~Ta ~TTOPOUV va TTapa6~~60uv ~E Ta oplaTO vo~la~OTO TWV TTO~EWV T~C; ~TTE' PWTlK~C; H~60ac; KOI Til, LIKE~ioc; (LupaKouowv). H oXo~~ TWV H~£iwv XaPOKTWV TOU 40u 01. cn~ptaaE TOUC; TUTTOUC; TWV VO~I' a~oTwv aE TTO,uO ~tp~ T~<; E.I.~60a<;. a EIKOVI~O~EVOC; apyupoc; OTaT~pac; (TTEp. 360 ".X.), 6apouc; 12,31 yp., 'i'tpE' TTap6aTOa~ T~C; KE'I'O~~C; TOU XPUaE~E'i'6vTlvou ay6'\~OTOC; Tau lilaC; T~<; OAu~TTio<; Ka' £TT1vpa'l'~ FAAEION (FAAEION) : 'H~£iwv ("ov~iva, BpnavlKo Mouado).

EmrPAH AI10 TH. 01\YWHA Ii H!aTga wig FaJ£im; xai roie; 'EpFWJWLI;. OllVpal.io. x' fa ixaTov p.'n;a, iJ.{}l.OI <5i: xa ro~ ai {)i rt biOi ai'u rho; ai'rc pipyov, IJVVEaV x' a?alOl' ra T' (f).(a) xai ,Tap -'1:0 Jipo. C. D. Buck, T"~ Greek Dialects,
"at

H avvO'I"'1 J1Ero.~V HJ..Eiwv m'lJfwxia yw c,a,o XI20VL(J. ;-:(;l

1'/1

Hl2atiwv. Na vrrciQXEL al2'1..laEL arro Twga. Eat,

.Ta,!,~
A1l00JlaOlJa arro %€lll€VO JlaAalOtm~s ODVOlix~s (~' [Ho6 60D m) IlEWt;U "lSHAlOOS XUl nlS agxaOly.~s JtOAllS Hgu.las· Fgargu: [2'ITI2U (0 Xat 0.;'0 JtQwroy€VSS rJ OtTlv HA£lax~)' FalE/me: ']-/,'.110((;' 'EQFa6lO1C; (HQFawL01C; OOtlX~ roD 'HQFa(I)WlOC;: 'flQWEVC;, xcnoLxos ,11C; HQa[ac;)' x' (%a) Ea: (/V Ell) (m8av6v llov0'l'00YYLOI·lOC; tllC; OL'l'06YY01J El xw TQo!l,i roD rrgwWY€V01JC; IJ OE O' Fina: LTII (llODvalQna caY' Tot: TobE' ahE: EltE' Finor;: Erro,' FciQYov: EQYOV (Qi a ·werg-, :!g~),. a'f/)xxo work)' auviav x' (xa): aVVftfV avo cihli,ulC, aJ..a: (WJjJ..OLC;, w.l/1 (,a Ot.JtACl crUflqJWVCl Of v 0'1AwvoVlm on; :!«),lO'€QEC DIYOal.PSC;)· ;rci.Q: ltEQi (EQ ailO ug xm aJtoxo;nl)' noU.no (;rou'flw): UTtlXO no?ipov.

°

30

'O~IlPOe;, ana 10 QlUAa Tile; LT£ p£oe; nou ~LAOUoav OUTlK~ OIOA£KTO, ~VTl~OV£U£1 TaUe;
Til V apxa'iK~ n£plooo- EIVOl ~£TaYEvsOTEPO Kal aE Konota ~OPQlrl KOl v~e; dTE 6wplKi)e; dTE BOPE100UTlK~e;. EivOl QlUOlKO O\-lWe; va un08s aOU~E on 60p£loounKse; OIOA£KTOl ~IM8TlKaV KonoTE Kal a' aUTSe; TIe; nEplOXSe; ana 10 ounKO QlUAa nou ~ElOv6OTEuaav ana TTlV 'HnElpo,

EVW QlOAIKci mOlx£ia nou £VTOn[~OVTQI O£ OlaA£KTOUe; Hle; LT£p£cie; npOUn088TOUV npoy£v£OT£Pll £YKOTciOTaoll AIOA£WV. 01 60P£IOOUTlK£e; olciA£KTOI £XOUV KOIVci f,l£ TIe; OWpIK£e; yVWp[ 0f,laTO: OlaT~PllOll TOU npwToy£voue; d, TOU F, TOU -TI (FiKOTl)' dana do, dw (oj.1Epdv: ~j.1EPWV)· -~- OTOV aaPIOTO KQI f,l£AAOVTO TWV Ele; -~w (6pKl~t:W: 6pKiow)' -j.1Ee; KOTciAll~ll a' nA1l8uVTlKOU (iKpivoj.1Ee;)· anap£llepaTO -j.1EV (eTj.1EV: eTvm)' oi: Ei' KO: ('iv' ano Kon~ TEAIKOU epWV~£VTOe; TWV npo8to£wv (Kar). IOlalT£pa 60p£IOOUTIKci: m aVTl oe (iA£moc tAto8m)' OOTlK~ nA1l8uVTlKOU y' KAl aile; -Ole; (j.1EIOVOle;: j.1£i00l)· iv + alTlaTlK~ Yla O~AWOll KOT£u8uVOlle; (tv L1eArpoue;)' op ana I::p CUOTOpO: j.1f)TtpO). H WKlK~ £llepavi~EI KOTciAll ~ll anap£llepciTOu -I::V aVTi elV (rpapev: • eptpelV) Kat 11 HAElaK~ ljJiAWOll, ollAa ~~ or'] anOOlwnllOll Tile; oaoEiae; (a ~) ~ Kat PWTOKtolla (Tponr'] TOU TEAIKOU e; OE P Tolp TQfe;). ~.

~~

~

EmfPMH AfIO THN OfIOYNTIA i\OKPII1A !taJjj llal'ciJ"'ot; ha nocE£!ia !taM.

CEG,450.

(E\liW) rov wQaiov flavcEJ.ovr; q wQaia %ovna. EnLYQa~,.w (10U 500-475 n.X.) OE la~~lxo rQi.~nQo xaQay ~£vo OE EVa ~l%QO 1t1jl.lvO oxucpo, n01) ~Q£B~%E OE rarpo

XOV1o. 0101)S oq~EQlVOUS i\ELj3aV0.1ES, orqv nEQlox~ 101) aQxa(01) Onovv10s. 0 Onous (Ofll1QlxO 'On6w:;) ElVaL onlY 'D.la.oa II 1ta1Qi6a 101) MEvolnou, narQo£ 101) fImQo ".1,01), XaL 10U AwV1o£, 10U yL01) lOU OQ.£lJJ£. ;(0).6 (xa}.w): !toAov' flovrO.EOr; (-EO- aouvaiQ£1o): flav rEAovt; (YEVlX~ 1O'U ovo~o.lO£ flavriJc,!r;: nav- + d},or;)' ha' ~. nOrEQio (nor/wio), 811),1)%0, Mas E1)Q~!-,-EVO, EVW ol!vll BES ro nor~QLOv (nQ
EfIlfPAH AfIO TOn 11Ei\
Tin' Foivov I't '1)(J.gev ie; rofi hg0l'0v, ai 1Ji xo. 'PageL, 11L J.a5aGT6 rov OlOV hOL xa x({Jaitrat xai fllTaOVUaT:6 XCltCOUUJaT:6nEvrl WI

ro ht!lU!(fov.

hgaZl'a,· roirrov {)i 'COl xarayop£aa C. D. RIICk, o.1r., llQ. SO.

o

oivor; va Wlv arpwQdrw ana TO maolO. AI' Xa..rrOIOr; rov naQEL, va E~W!1EvirJCl ro1' BEO yw roy onoio iXEL ava/IlXed !1E VEQO (%Qaat), va nQooC{JE(!fL IIW E~J.aa!11QICl evoia ;
H El1:lygaQJ11 (101) 470-450 nX) Elvm xo.gayfLEvll mQV ava VC)1WS n),E1)go.£ 101) 01aOio1). TIgoxll tal yl.a xavovLOflO, oilf-lqJwva !-,-E lOV onolo anayogE1)OWV ~ X),,01tl1101) xQaoLOU nov nQOOQl<;orav mOavov yw. onov Me y,w lfg& OUflJ100la 11:01) £1tQOXUlO vu. TE),WGouv 010 010.0l0. LE &),,),,01)S «I.EQou£ VO~01)£" CI.JWYOQE1)OWV l.lH. 11 x),on~ !O1) )(Q£o.lO£ lOU G1)OlaOIl£VOU t,wou. fIQo~)'Il!-,-a 61W·lOl'Q'(FI ~ aQX~, Ono1) clvm Xo.Qo.','i1f.V() TONEOINOI', ;lOl fW11vcG'Wl oj;: a. ro]' FO/\'U\ B. [0 ,.,;. OlV01' (ciltu~ £tQIIfl£vO): vEo:; oivo,' I'E: ,wi' q,aQc-v: ,!'[Qew ir; (am) Ei;): ix rpaQ tc rpE(jI] I,,},a!;aaro (nQoOWy,TIX~ aOQiOlOlJ lOU [}.a.axoIIW): iAo1;aoOo)' haL: (0' %EQClltrw (mo),lxo xm O!-'-IlQlxO ;(EQaioJ: %EQavvvlu) xEQaVyVl/ral.· "anOULOa.rO (:
tw·

rOl

%orayoQwavn:

r0

xar'lyoQryaavn: hEluaao,'

(bl1),(t6~ iiwoaov, ,lUE -aa- uno "-T/-): iill'av.

o ncpiq>~~o~ XiJ~KIVO~ Hvioxo~ TWV llc~q>wv,

ono TO Tt6pmno lTOU aq>ltpwoc a IupaKOuOlo~ no'\'u~a~o~, alic~q>o~ TWV TU powwv rt,\,wvo~ KOI lepwvo~, Via T~ VIK~ TOU Ola nuBlo TOU 478 n.X. opcl TO xrrwva TOU ~VIOXOU KOI KpOTO TO ~vio, CVW OTO KCq>O'\'1
MAPIANNA MAPiAPITH-POiKA

31

01

illAAEKTOI

AnPIKH AIAJ\EKTOI T~~~o OTTO T~V CTllYPOtp~ T~C; rOpTUVOC;. 01 ITT~!lCC;, TTOU tXOUV u'lJoc; 1,75 ~. KOI n!linoc; 0,67-0,69 ~. ncpinou, ~nplouVTol on6 ~c~lil TTpOC; TO oplITTcpil. H CTllYPO
ArIO TO NOMO Till: fOPTYNAl: at x'

_..

.."

,co. a-'

> 'X

UTW; Exe;v, an £xova €l£

1(

aQ TOV Ii.v5Qa, xCI' TO Y.OQ110 T avv£l.tlVQV, at X'El £C; 'tOv Fav auta~ XQE/-U.l!UV, x6n ~>£VlJn~VH yav [EfAlva]v {in X:~L, Y.Ql J!Evf£ o'tQT£QavS I

v'tQ Glno,; OC;

€t

ol

x'6

0.

ro.<; i:<~[e]EiJOl-

R. Willetts, The Law Code oj GOrl)"~ D 45·53/4. Av ivae; civrQw; xw ,wa yvvai!w %wQi~ovv, (17 yvvaixa) va "Qarel ul Ot,,~ HIe; Jl[Qwuoia, W HlV oJ[oia ~Qe[ owv GV!Qa ,,)';, xw ro ~,ULOV curo W fwoorylla, av J[QOEQXfWt mro rry OIX~ rrye; J[[Qwvo{a, xw W ~f1L(JU wro avra Jrov E}:U vrpavEL /-IfU'(J,. (oro aJ[in), 0, n xw av dvat avra, "at ][I;VrE owr~QEe;, al' 0 civrQac; tlvat VJrairwe; rov oLa~vyiov,

°

o

rrEQi(pl1~LOS NOILOS 1:~S rogTUvuS (YUQW 01:0 450 Jr,X.) Elvm E'l.1:£V€IHal:ll EmYQ(L(p~, ()llftU\""X~ ano tO,llIlVLXO): anL .fi£t: ro xCL!!JrO (rw "Q(!Jrw): roD "O-QJ[ov' ravvc,uivav (rc,l' 'ipiwl(' }If :>1:tf_H lf1O!!O O1I!I(fWVOlJ :lV11f\'l:US) :, (111)' i;: ,;~. rov Few (fujv) rtl1r';s: rwv iClvrijc;' xQcWir61' (y(!1lW'J.Ullv)· K6H (Kui dm): ;wi o1Jnvo,' EVVnaVEl (t"Vr cpa

xo

urr01:aY.wc~ ~(.€ Bgux-u CjJwv11Ev): £I'Vrpa.1'17t: aradQave; (oTarfiQl1V,): (JwrfiQae;' "cQl:vawe; (y1IQI:VaWC; VE XUTal,11" ~ll '10, a.no -wc; antXO -£we;).

VEl

i'lWPIKS~ OIOA£KTOI ~IAIOUVTOV OH1V n£Aonavvlloo (AoKwvla, M£OOIl vla, ApyoAloa, Koplv8la, Axal'a), ma Msyapa, TIlV Kp~TIl, M~AO, e~po, Kw, Paoo KOI ma OAAO Vilma TOU NA Alyoiou, OH1V ansvaVTI ~IKpaOlonK~ OKT~ Kat OTtC: OWpIKSC: anOIKi£c: mil N, ITOAla, LIK£Aio, KUPllva'iK~, mov Boanopo KOI Ta EmOvlloa. 01 i'lwpl£lc:, oyvwmol mllv 'iAlooa, ava¢£pOVTOI mllv 00(;00£10 Wc: Eva ana TO ¢uAa TIlC: Kp~TIlC:, KOTa TOV HpOOOTO, TO «MaK£ov6v» £8voc: ~£TOKIV~8IlK£ ana Tllv nlvoo Kal OTOV s¢800£ mllv n£Aonovvll 00 ovo~amllK£ «i'lWPIKOV». npo¢ovwc: 01 MaK£ovol ~TOV sva ana TO ¢UAO TWV i'lWP1£WV, 11 K080oo~ TWV onolwv CJTTlv n£AonovvllOo XPOVO AOy£lTOI mo T£AOC: TOU 120u al. n.X, av KOl 0 J. Chadwick TOnoB£T£i noM VwplT£pa Tllv £loo66 TOUC: CJTTlV EAAaoa Ana Tllv n£AonovvllOo 01 L'.WP1£lc: i;~onAwBllKav maolaKa mlC: UnaAOITI£C: n£pIOX£C: H OlaA£KToc: \.lapTup£iTOI O£ nMBoc: £mypo¢wv ana OIO¢Op£c: n£pLOXsc:, ~£ orWOVnKClT£p£c: Til AaKwvla Kal TIlV Kp~TIl. LTIl i\OKW vla 01 L'.wpi£lc: un£To~ov TOUC: AXOlOUC:, Enl K£¢aA~C: TOU OTPOTlWTI KOU KpaTouc: mil LnapTIl ~TOV OUO 600l1l£1C: ana TIC: OIKOYSV£I£C: TWV Ayloowv Kal TWV EupunwvTlowV, H OIOA£KT0C: OIOKplv£TOl O£ nOAUlQ (70c: - 40c: at. n.X.) KOl vsa (onc: £mypo¢£c: TOU 20u 01. ~.X.), ana Tllv onola npospX£TOIIl oll\.l£PIV~ ToaKwvlK~, AXOIo[ (MUKllvOIOl) dxov £yKOToma8£i OTIlV Kp~Tll ~oll ana TOV 150 at. 01 i'lWpl£lC: nou KOT£Aa6av TO Vllol TOV 110 at. £n£6aAOV Til OIOA£KTO TOUC:, OTIlV onoia olaTIlP~8llKov Kal OTolx£la npoowplKO. LTllV 10TOPIK~ n£plooo KoB£ naAIl (loxupaT£p£c: ~TOV 11 Kvwooc: KOI 11 ropTUC:) onoT£AouO£ IOlalT£po KpOTOC: KOI ~TOV OUXvo[ Ol nOA£\.lOI

~£TO~U TOUC: H KPIlTlK~ £iVOl 11 enapK£OT£pO \.lapTuPll~SVIl L'.WPlKi] OIOA£KT0C: (£mypo¢£c: ana TOV 80 TOV 10 at. n.X), p£ UAIKO KUpiwc:

we:

32

w

ana Tll rapTUVa 'Oe; TOV 30 aL n.X. anavTouv KQl £mypa¢8e; Tlle; ET£OKPllTlK~e;, Hle; yAwooae; TWV npo£M~vwv TOU VllOlOU, o£ £Mllvl Ka aA¢o611TO. En[opaOll Tlle; ATTlK~e; KOIV~e; o8x811Kav 0ll1wplK8e; OIOA£KTOI ana TOV 40 aL n.X., WOTaOO TO TomKO IOIW~aTQ olaTllP~SIlKav we; apyo OTIe; £mypa¢8e; (11 PoolaK~ we; TOV 30 aL ~.X.). LTll AOyoT£xv[a XPllol~onol~SllK£ ~la ~op¢~ KOlV~e; l1wplK~e; avo~IKTlle; ~£ A£061aKo KQl £nlKO OTOlx£la. LTllv T£XVllT~ aUT~ yAWO oa ypo¢ouv 0 BOIWTae; nivoapoC;, 01 'Iwv£e; Ll~WV[ollC;, BaKxuAlollC; KQl oMOL nAll0l80T£pa OTllv £mxwpla OIOA£KTO ypo¢ouv 0 AAK~OV (AaKwvlK~) KQl 01 KW~IKOl En[xaplJ0C; KQl LW¢PWV (LlK£AlK~ TWV Lupa KOUOWV), O£ mo IJIKT~ ~op¢~ 0 8£aKplTOe; KQl 0 APXllJ~OIle; (LIK£AlK~ TWV LupaKouowv). Ta KUplaT£pa yvwp[o~aTQ TWV l1WPlKwv olaA8KTwv dVQl: OlQT~

PllOll TOU npwToy£voue; a (yuva), TOU F (£KTae; 8~pac;, Paoou, Kw)

([iKaT/: £l'KOOl) , TOU -Tl (c5ic5wTl: c5ioWOl)' a ana ao, aw ('HpaKM;ic5a,

c5paXjJav: c5paXI1GJV)' 1) ana a£ (oP17: opal' ovo~aOTIK~ nAllSUVTlKOU

opSpou TOi, wI: ai, ai' KQTOAll~1l a' nAllSUVTlKou -l1ee; (eupioKol1ee;)'

anap81J¢QTo -wv (c56W;v: c500vat)· -~- OTOV aoplOTO Kat ~£MOVTQ TWV

£1C; -~W (OIKa~aoBat)· 1J8MWV O£ -oi:w, -ow (npa~i:w - npa~w) ai: d' KG:

av anoKon~ T£AlKOU ¢WV~£VTOe; npoSi:o£wv (nap)' ap

ana £p (iap6e;: iep6e;). H AaKwvlK~ £1J¢aVi~£1 TpO

n~ TOU O£ 0 (avi:017K£: avi:B17K£), TOU 00£ h, TO

ono[o apy6T£pa an06MSllK£ (iviKahe: iviK1)o£,

I1wa anal1woa: 11000a), TOU -e; o£ -p (KUavc5pop),

£vw II KpllTlK~ xapaKnIP[~£TQl ana 6IaT~PllOll TOU

O£uT£poy£voue; -vo- (Kat OTIlV ApYOAlK~) (navoa:

noaa), anap8~¢aTO -11 17 v (ijl11) v: £Ivai), LjJiAWOll,

ai, ai aVTl TOi, mi, KQl 11 PoolaK~ ana anap8~

¢OTO -w:/v (i~~jJ£lv: i~£lvat). ?a.

e

"E(!(!EI ra x{iJ.a. Mivoa(!or; 0' aJrEarrUa. JrElVWVU rWVO(!Er;. aJro(!iopEr; ri ;wi] O(!{iv.

EEVOqJlllV, 'DJtjV/.xii J. 1.23. XaOllUaV (uawarQarpy!uav) ra :nJoia. 0 MivoaQor; m!Oa VE. [fElvo.,)v 01 aVrQEr;. LI EV ~eQoVIi-E U iIQeTCEL va uaVOV,UE. EltL(HOA~ ltOU EOTE,).E 0 !\aKEOat~IOVLO; ultovwJaQXo; IMOY.Qc!1lj; ~twi Ilj vawaxia 1l]; K1J~btou (410 lCX.), orrou IfxOno6l]"E 0 vauaQXo; Mivoc(QoS. II EJUm:O),~, xaO' ooov ltQo; 11\ 2:.,OQllj, ErrEo£ ora XEQlO. 10JV A6ljvaiwv. «!\a XwvlXll" <'5wrinwffil xat OWAEXlO;. xeHa (alto 10 ua[w)' onwava OIJlQLXO Ctnt brwVJI (y' EVI xo lta8ljuy.ou aOQLOtou 101J e;/;roaEvw, ,T(>~t OI.(1)QLXO breaavro)' nEW(Vvu: 7mvWCl[ rwvOQEr; (KQaolj 101J rOI aVOQEr;): 01 aVOQEr;' onoQWjJ.Er; (cmo anoQeowr;): bro

QOv,UE,v.

pi] Jii'£ rov reo" avo(!a, piAa, divwva rataiira Tefl pl.;ex.iii JlUQEovror;' O(!/}, yitvat, WS' J'{OOOP1J W. Oap(JEL, Z(j)Jw(!iw'V, yAI»eE{lOv rCi
EiJiJJJw'V XV, 11-13.

M'l ,uv,ar; i'lO. TOO' aVTQa ClOU ro Llivu)vCI, cplAy! IIOV, ira, EVOJ 0 jJ.IXQO, EiVai no.Qdw %oim, yvvClLW, nwr; "E j9Jhr: [[fQor; TO ,UlX(10J. My! 07:FI'OXWQtEOW, ZWiIuQiwl!, YlcV){(; 110 UnwOi' Of jJ-IJ,aEI YW rov Imo.,Una OOV.

To ELCllJnLO, )T01J mAOlpoQELTCI[ LVQauGClwl J) AOWVL(i~ov CJUVO~LL)"to. ouo L1JgCt"01J(JtWV yUVClI YorDV, EYY.01WLl]!u'VWV 01l]V AA£;ehogEla, Y.010 1l] Olrtg XEla YWQ't~<; ltQoS t1!IIIV T.OU AOWVL (yuQUJ (JTO 272 "X.). m5v (OWQI:'
ow, rrE(>LAap0c!.\'l'.[ Tlj

XaAKIVO ayaA~i1Tlo yu~vou vtou ~c aKTlvwr6 KoAu~~o 111<; Kc
MAPIANNA MAPfAPITH-POrKA

33

.

01

tllAAEKTOI

MAKEAONIKH AIAAEKTOI To xpucra en £'!Hi VI B£Aovrol(i~ TTOU Bpc8~K£ TTaV", eno Ko~tvo OcrTa TOU V£KpOU en~ xpucr~ AcpvaKo TOU 8oAc~ou TOU M£yc Aou BaorArKou TO
MAKEl'.ONIKOr MHNEL A1l0XAELOUXCL !Lox£llov,xol: AuJuvafo" AvJvu.fo, (LJExi,u f3Qwe;). flqjirto, (lavovaQwe;). JVaT!!O, (, aYIJ/ia (xa, AOXltlV,,,O): EniJ.Exro rll~/la. arQOTov ucn£wv ~ nE~WV ay"aJ.i" oQmav, Q.{l''1iirovr:; (xor awv 'O!LY)QO): aErOe;' J!!a/il" dooe; JjJW/lWl)' ti:{JcO~ov (xor OQXOOIXO): am"o {3aQaOQOV' ivDE.a (i-vJia, OYj),UXO 10U &1510,): /lE01]It/3Qia' "a!!Jraia (Xa.1 aty) Mayvypi.o): door; X0(lov' "avuia: Eulor; Y.a4V,lI/laror; r1]r; ~f(paJ,)k :
AIX~~ 6tAou~ OTTO TnV 'OAuv80 ~£ fTllYPO

noy) (0wooAoviKn. APXOJoAoYIKO Moucrfio).

-

..

AN8PQnQNYMIA 8WOOALXO. arl1:<;: ~ovc;). fl.hiaTa Cffo0r1]). • {lXiJ.ao" J(!vxaJ.or:; (oQve; -,- xaJ..ov: ~v},o), Karam
34

Tov 50 al. rl.X. MaKEoov[a oVO~a~£TQL 11 nEplOX~ ~E1O~U A[~VIl<; Au XV[TlOOC; (Axp[oac;) OUTlKa. LTPU~OVO<; aVQTOAlKa. OAu~nou 010 VOTO. KQL OU~80A~<; TWV no1O~WV EplYWVO<; KQL A~IOU OTO 80ppa. Tov 40 Ol. o ()J[ALnnOC; B' npooapTlloE 010 8aolAEI0 TOU Til XaAKlOlK~, 10 E06CPIl ~E1O~U LTPU~OVO<; KQL NEOTOU Kal ~EPO<; Tll<; nQLovia<;. 01 MaKEOOVE<; m8aVOTQTa ~£TaKlV~8IlKaV ana TIlV nivoo OTIl lIUTIK~ KQL Tllv KEVTPlK~ MaKEoovia anw8wv1O<; ~ unoTaOOOV1O<; lMuplKa, 8paKlKa KQL aMa cpuAa. npWTOC; 0 Ho[ooo<; avacpEpEl TOV MaKEoova w<; aOEAcpo TOU MayvIlTo<;. EVW 0 Hp60oTo<; 1OUT[~El TOU<; MaKEoovEC; ~E TOUC; lIWP1E[<; (<
ypa~~EV8e; ~Oll

EnIfPA
ou~n8pOO~a1O

ana TO TEAOe; TaU SOU at. O1IlV AnIK~ KOlV~) Kat 10 TUJV 8P£UVIlTWV OTIlPiX81lKav one; 150 n8pinou "yAWO 08e;" (0IaA8KTlKEe; AE~81e;) nou napEowoav apxaiOl ouyypaepde; Kat A8~IKOYPQiillTTTTOC; KQl Biilmnoe;. Ana TO olaA£KTlKO Kd~8va, ana TTJ oU01llllanK~ npao
[@cr:iJpar;xaiL1wvvo'Olpwvror; riXor; xai roy yapov xarayparpw xai ray ri}J.av n:amiv yo [VaLxJ wv xai 'f:I/flav xai n:(l{!Oivwv, pahdra bi @ni/lUr;, xai n:(l{!xarriOEpaL MaxflwvL xai [roir;J Daipool-. wi ()n:axa tyw rafJTa f)l.d~aLPL xai rivayvoilrv n:a}.[LJLV rivog~aua [raxaJ yaflU.L &WVVUOIpWvra, n:gorC{Jov /ji WI' wi y~ MfJO! ii}J..av yvvaixa ri,V.' ij ipi,

ro

[ipi DJi uvv"awJ'T/paUaL L1wVVUOrpWvrL "ai IfTlOEpiav ii.V.av. i:dn; vpw yivo [paL' (f)iJJav oixriflErE DaipovE; rpi}.[ol~ .., ipUi [Efv[{jJaipova xai flU."apiav yEViural-. EM1/VLXlI L1La}.£xro}.{)yia 3 (1993).

Tq; eniwu; xw rov L1wvvoDipwvra rov mia1/IW yo.,w roy Oivw ,Uf' ,uo.yw yQa,u,uiva xw oJwv rwv o.U())v yvvw"wv roy '16./,0, DaEl; clvw ;AQf'; ~ 7wQeiv04 lowlueo. o/,w; Try; I9crl/,o.;· Xat D.JwiJ"'w ra /,o.yw arov '/vlo.w)(ovo. %w urOI'; Oo.I;.LOvE;. Kw o.v ;rori EYW ~Eeo.ll)w !;cwi.l~w xw OLD. [3o.aw rovro. ra J.oyw, TOrE va lWVTQEVTd 0 L1wvuuorpwv XW OXL rrQLV' y,ari OE eiAw 1'0. rr6.QEL 6.UI] yvvai>w wro E/,ivo., a}.J,o. C'/w va YEQo.ow po.(1 W TOV L1wvuoorpwvro. xw Xo.ll,a a}J.I]. La; LXETEVW, oa(uovE;' Jurr1Je~U {TI] CPI }.o.}.., EYW OJLW; V'" ylvw WrvXWflEVl].

'w,

MnCt.,pg, E/l/l' 80U1\'(>6.; Arroorro.oll.u o.rro Emygacp11 (mu 380-350 rr,X,) rrov 13g€6'1 X£ (i ['Iv IlEAlco. co 1986, I1g0XELtCl.l '(ca xaw6EO/l0, ,llC1Yl~,O O'1),aO~ XF.ii"EVO, rr01J ElXE xagaxOEl OE pO),ll~OLVO £).,o,o,"a, Yla va a7rOTQE\jJEL TOV EmxElilEVO yO.iLO TOU OUv1'.!Orpuu TIle ouvtcongL().; tOU ilE
sn

J'((100)V' X1]gdv: 'l.1/QwV' n:o.QxmriOFjl(lt.: rro.Qo.xo.rmiOqloL· O~O;(o.: ai/OIL' ruxo.: lOrE' ya,UlU: 'I,j/,w' YEyi(~TW: 'IUtol:lw.

H xpua~ AapvaKa, Bapou<; 7,790 yp., nou Bpte~KC OTO eaAa~o TaU !l£yaAou BOl)'lAIKOU TaIAinnou S'- KOI tva BapuTl/lo OT£'l'OVI. 01 rrAwp£<; T'll; txouv rrAouau, 'l'UTIK~ OIOK6a!l~a~ KO, TO Ka AU!l~a TTlC;
MAPIANNA MAPrAPITH-PorKA

35

OIIlIAAEKTOI

U1NIKH AIAAEKTOI H IWVIK~ dVOl Tl BlOAEKTOe; nou ~l Alcnov OlTlV Eu6010, Tte; KUKAOBEe;

IT~V npl~V~, IT611~ T~~

M. Aolo~ KOVTci OT~ Mill~To, 8pt8~KOV tpyo TOTTl KWV CPyoOT~piwv, H KOpOITIlOOTIK~ (KOTOOKCU~ n~lIlvwv crcU> lIiwv, «KOPWV») T~~ npl~V~~ UncptXCI tVOVTI T~~ KoponlloaTl K~~ aUwv ITallcwv (MiJprvo~, ncpyci~ou). To ncpJaaoTcpo KOI TO KolliJTCpO tpyo aV~KOUV O'TOV 20 01. IT.X. To CIKOVI~6~cvo ayoll~ciTio naplaTci tva vcopo 800'KO nou 8ya~cl tva oyKci81 alTo TO n6l'i1 TOU.
(EKTOe; 8~poe;, M~AOU, Avo¢Tle;), TTl XOAKlBlK~, TTl 8000, 010 KE VTplKO nopOAIO TTle; M. AOLOe; KQl OTO KOVTlVO VTlOlO Io~o Kat Xio, Olle; onOIKiEe; OlOV EU~EIVO nOVTO KQl OlTl AEKOVTl TTle; MwoyEiou. KOlT[Bo TWV Iwvwv, nou yupw OlaV 90-80 01. n.X. onoiKIOOV TOV EU~EtVO

KOl TO ~EOOYEIOKO nopo

Ala, ~TOV Tl Eu60l0, 01 KUKAOBEe; 11f!oborov 'A)J.xaf!VTIuuio, [oropiI1, a;rO,}ESt, ijbE, w; p~ TE ",2 yEVOpEl'a is avOpwjrwv r~ XPVvip isir1]M YEv1]rat, p~rE {pya /U;yahl rE !eai OwpauT(i, ra prv "FJ.A'lut, ra M pappa{!OUll a;ro,}ex0tvra, aXAeii '1m/rat, ra TE ii2M xai (It' ij" airi1Jv i;ro2EfJ/wav aJ.A'iJ.otUt. HQo~oto~, 1!TTopiat, 1, ll!1ooillWV,

'0 'HQaooroe; cUrD rryv A}viaQvaoon bdJiw tow rie; [QEV 1'/; rov, YUX va. Ilry SEOWQtaoq /'E ra. XQavw 5, n [ytve curo rove; uvOQdnrove;, WIrE [Qya ,uqaJ,a "ai Oavpaora, nQay paronOtTJ,UEva a,Ua uno "EUTJVEe; xai a,l),a u.:ro rove; {JaQ {JelQOVl;, va. o/Jlioovv aoosa' lowiuQa yivErm ,1,oyoe; 'lui riJv ahia nov avroi no).iwwav ,unasv rove; MnCl
To ;LEmo

(m(lOOL~LOV» 1:11<; LOro(lLO.<; rou Hgo06rou.

0 nu

KOl Tl ~IKPOOiOTlK~ OKT~. ITle; nE pIOXSe; OUTSe; £lXov E~onAwS£l ana TTlV TlnElpWTlK~ EAAOBo, nlSOVClTO TO ana TTlV AnIK~. ITTlV 'lJtlooa Ot «'IOOVEe; sAKExITwvEe;" E~¢OVL~OVTQl we; ydTovEe; TWV BOlWTWV KQl TWV AOKpWV. 0 HpMoTOe; SEwpd nOTpiBo TOUe; TTlV AS~vo (<<£lOt B£ novTEe; "IWVEe; OOOl on' 'ASTlvsWV YEYOVOOl»)' OVO¢SPEI £nione; OTl KQl 010 60PEIOOVOTOAIKO OKPO TTle; nEAonovv~oou KOTOIKOUOOV 'IWVEe;. nplV EYKOTOOIOSOUV EKEi Ol AXOloi. Ot 'IWVEe; TTle; M. AOlOe; Eixov we; SPTloKEUTlKa KSVTpO TOUe; TO VOO TaU nOOElBwvo OTTl MUKOATl, OTTlV nEplOX~ TTle; npl~VTle;, onou Ylap TO~OV KOSE xpavo TO nOVlWVIO. H YIOPT~ TOU AnoMwvo OTTl 6.~AO ~TOV T] ~EYOATl YlOPT~ aAWV TWV Iwvwv. Ol 'IWVEe; TTle; M. Aoioe; ons

r€(lu<; 1:11<; 'faroQiae; 010 €(lYO TOU, nou arr01:EAEL Hlv TT(lcinY]

KTTlOOV noM nAouTo KOl npoKoAwOV TTlV nAEovE~[O TWV YEITOVWV

OU01:11~CmXli LOroQIX~ £(lWVO., E~LOtO(lcL OE AOYOtEXvlXO

TOUe;. APX1KO TOUe; unSTo~ov Ol AuBoL KOl KOTanlV 01 nSpOEe;, ona TOUe; onolOUe; onEAEUSEpWSTlKOV, YlO SVO Bl60lTl~0, ~£TO TOUe; nEp

::110(0 ),0"10 000. ouv£~Y]oav xat(, t~v U'VU;L1~tpl10Y] En~'Vwv xu! ITEQOWV. 6.la),EY.ro<; IwvLx~ t11<; M, AOlu<; UVa;LLXl:~ ~E E1tLXa XClL atnxa atOLXELa.

ioroQbl (urro 10 lorwQ, rrou nu~O),OYLXCl OXETl!;€1ClL ;If W oloa, £lao v)· unoOEete;· UTTIXO u;raOc~'C;' Ow/wura: UTnxo Oavllaara' ci,,}ra 8U~L!;H 1:0 EJtLXO "Ua civoQWv.

OlKOUe; noM~6ue;. Ol OVOTOAlKOi Aool YVWPlOOV ana TO EAATlVIKO ¢UAO TOUe; nATlOlSOTEpOUe; yEiTovse; TOUe;, BTlAOB~ TOUe; 'IWVEe; KOI B~ AWOOV OPyoTEpO ~E TO OVO~O TOUe;, nou 0PXIKO npsnEI VO EiXE TOV Tuno '1dFOVE:C;, OUVOAIKO TOUe; 'EAATlVEe; H Iwvio tXEl IBl01TEPTl oTl~ooio YlQ TTlV ov6mu~Tl TOU EAATlVIKOU nOAITIO~OU. 'EYIVE KOITlBo TTlC; EnlKp,e;nO(TlOl'Y;, TTle; IOTOpIOYPOtp(oC;,

TTlC;
H BIOAEKTOe; nopOUOlO~EI TOnlKSe; lBlOlTEpaTTlTEe; KOl BlOKpivETOI OE: M1KPOOlOTIK~ (OVOTOAlK~), IWVIK~ TWV KUKAOBwv (KEVTplK~) KOl Eu60'LK~ (BUTIK~) H IWVIK~ £nTlPEOOTTlKE Vwp[e; ona TTlV ATTtK~. 'HBTl OTOV 50 at. n.X. E~¢OV[~OVTQl onlKo OlOlXEio OlTl ~IKPOOlOTlK~ IWVl K~, EVW 010 TSAOe; TOU 40u ot. 01 Enlypo¢se; TWV IWVIKWV nEploxwV

EiVQl TIASOV OlTlV (AHlK~) KOIV~ IXETlKO TIEptOOOTEPO BIOTTlP~eTlKE Tl KEVTPIK~ IWVIK~ OTTl 8000, onolKlo TTle; nopou. H IWVIK~, nou ~opTupdTOI EnlYPO¢IKWe; ona TOV 80 ot. TIX., XPTl Ol~OnOI~eTlKE EUpUTOTO OlTl AOYOTEXVlO. E[VOl Tl yAWOOO TOU tnoue; (~E QlOAIKO OlOlXEiO), TaU Enlyp6~~OTOC; KQl TTle; EAt:y£ioe; (~£ £nlKO

OlOIXEiO). EA£YEIOYPO¢Ol: Ol 'lwv£C; KOAALVOe;, Mi~v£p~oe;, a !\6Kwvoe; TUpTOLOe;, a ASTlvoioe; IaAWV, 0 MEyopsoe; 8tOYVle;, KOVTO OlaV npo

36

<1>oPIKO 'Aoyo c;lVat IllaIl6oTpOxa'iK~ nO[1l01l Il~ TOUe; APXi'Aoxo, 21l1lW viOIl, InnwvaKTa. 0 'AOYOT~XVlKOe; n~~ae; 'Aayoe; c;lval miOTle; olllllouP Ylllla TWV Iwvwv. XPIlOlllonolc;lTal 11 KOlV~ Tile; lWVIK~e; owoEKcmo'Alle; Tile; M, Aoiae;. 2TIl y'Awoaa aUT~, nou OUIl<1>Wvc;l Il~ Til y'Awooa TWV Emypa<1>Wv, ypa<1>0UV a EKQTaioe;, a HpaooToe; Kat a InnoKpaTIle; ano Til OWPIK~ Kw. H IWVlK~ iXEl KOlVa Il~ Til V AnlK~ Ta ~~~e; XapaKTIlPlO1IKa: Tpon~ TaU npwToy~voue; a o~ '7 (OfjflO~: OWplKO oaflo~)' avnll£TaxwPIlOll, oll'Aao~ Ilna6o'A~ Tile; nooaTIlTOe; TWV <1>wvIl8VTWV (v£w~ ana V'70~: owplKa voo~)· -01 ana -Ii (i5Ii5wOI, £i'KOOl)' ~<1>~'AKu01lKa vu (¢ipOU01V, tA£y£V)' npwlllll anoOlwnllOTl TaU F (tpyov ana Fipyov)' aVTwvullla r7fl£l~ (OWpIKO afli~, 'Aw6laKo aflfl£cJ anapill<1>aTO -VOl (£iVOl) llaPIO avo OUVOWIl0C; d. H IWV1K~ ola<1>8p~1 ana Tllv ATTlK~ 010 an OlaTIlPc;l aouvaipna TO £0, £0, £w (trw, ¢IA8Ofl£V) KOl ~KT~ivEL TO npollYou Il~VO <1>Wv~~v Ilna Tllv anOOlwnllOTl TaU F o~ oUIl<1>wvlKa oUlln'A8Ylla TO (~£lvo~ ana ~8vFo~). H aVaTo'ALK~ xapaKTllP[~nat ana l/JIAWOll Kat 11 Eu60iK~ TTlC; EptrplQC; ana PWTOKlOIlO, oll'Aao~ Tpon~ TaU Ilwo<1>w vllEvnKou 0 OE P (nolplv). e-ol

Ef1IfPA¢H AllO THN EPETPIA rei pm,ii' J/yiJ.ol.oV rvv Ta{!avrivov

>Ebo~EV

JlPO~EVOV

E{VW xai tVE(!yir'lv xai auroy x[a]i lraibw; "ai uil"/{!tv Elvw xai aurw, xai lralQiv, orav i[;r],J'I/.Iiw{!,v...

C. D. Buck, The Greek Dialects, uQ.13. AnocpacJLae 'I {3ovklj

° HyiJ..oxor; ° TaQavriYor; vel EiyW ° iowr; xw Ot yw' rov xm va

nQo~evor; xw weQyirT/r; xat

nUQixcrw JT//.IOala OtarQoC{"i xm arov iow %a, orovr; ywvr; rov, OWy {3Qia%oyrm or'lV 710),'1.. ArrOOJraO~La ano tjJ~lpLO~L(l1WV EQE1QLEWV (10U rO,ous rou 50U at nX.), ~If 10 onoLo Uf.laWL H'!£)coxoS arro roy TaQavw l{(lL OV0f.la!;EwL nQo~evor;, OTlAao~ 0TlVootOs (jlL AOS, X(lL weQyin7r;. H tLl-'-~ au,li arrovE~,nul o,ov ll"fJoxo X.aL moue ','IOUS 'OU, ErrWS'li rrAola ano roY TUQavw mw ,EAwav VEgoS lOU mAonOvvTlOtmwu Ol:()),OL', :'[OU 10 411 rr.X. VbO]Of 10US A8Tlvalous "at anciAXa~f l~V J'QE1Qta arro n]v ~Yff.lovla ,0uS. t-UWi;~ 10JVL"~, rEi; rfl' {30kijl (jJovlii1)' airf)Qlv: oirT/my imol7/dwQIV: mu "0 imoT/,uwmv.

°

r\~ ~~LJ~Bl'1~ f'tt ffit tt j/8~8C O~O\IOX~ ~ \f Bl9op8 ~t Irvo gT 1'111 Is 4j1 ~\01'1310\g~\10B1A~O'XO~Q 30\tO 41oTo8 ~ltJ
To ayaA~a T~~ 'APTE~~~ ana T~ Il~Ao, aTOV apll:m·

po ~~po TOU onoiou Eival xapay~tv~ ~ Enlypa,!,~

T~~ NIKaV~pa~. To 6Y"A~Q, U4JOU~ 1,90 ~" tXEI TOV

Tuno TOu ~oavou ~E KQTEeaa~tva TO xtPIQ KOI EVW'

~tva TO nO~la. 'Epyo NQ~Il~T~ YAum~, aVTlnpoaw·

nEUTIKO TOU ~al~aAIKou pua~ou (Aa~vo, E8vIKO

ApXOIOAOYIKO MouaEio).

Ntxavo{!'1 /.I' aviOtxcv hkIJPoAo, iOl.wi{!'11,

96(!'1 Anl'ooix'lO ro Nahaio, £huol.Or; a),ljov,

JElVO/.lEvWr; oi: xalJlyvf.rl), (/Jh(JaJwo J' !i?,OlOr; v[;)v].

M. Guarducci, L' Rpigrafia Greca, 0'.51. H Nl%U.l'OQo. lie o.cpdQIJJoc Of'l" EvaroXII ro,'0[[60., '7 ,,6Q17 wv Llw'ooixov ana r17 Na~o, 'I mo onouoaia o.vapwo. aur; aU:e, aoeQcplj rov LJEll'o/livour;, X(J.[ U/IQ{/ yvvwxo. rov 1)Qasuv. L,,.ygarp1l l()JV ~ICO('IV WU 70u C1.L. rrX" X(l_Qa,Y~l~V'l ~ou OTQOlpllOOV OlaV a,QLotEQO ~TlQo aya),~La,o, tll£ AgTq'llS (li "'Is avaOE1QLaS N,,,ctvIiQa,;). ro orro[o 1] NJ%((vOQCt acptiQUJoE 011] (JEt:!. (-J fmYQa%17(30), at: OOl:LY,111:OU i"II(30),O~ (f,a/J1l; ~ (3ai.?w), ou Oiotou TllS AQ'tE~ll; 'AW ()!l1lQL~.OU c:n8,;lOu W'U AilolJ"II1va' ioxiwQa (lor;: jJilar; +l.iw) , Ofl11QLX~ rt:QOOluvulIla rl]; AQ1ql11S 90QT/ (;'/oVQI7): amy,6 "oQ17 (9 ()Vll x '[QtV (lrro 0)' CJELl'ooixT/o: y£vlx1i 1:O\J LJElvo,lixlK Nahata (Na~iov, I-'-f ha yLa 1:0 ~). d}~Ov (ciAUwv) 8l])cuxo: omxo CiJ.J.ftJv· rphQ6.hao (rJ;Qasov),

°

MAPIANNA MAPrAPITH-POiKA

37

01 t.IAAEKTOI

ATTIKH 41AAEKTOI EmrPM1H AilO THN A8HNA LJe~iJ..Ew~ AV(Ja"i6 eogi",LO~,

[ri"ErO bi TtIllO-vbg 6 apxovr;o~, aKtoal'f br' EufJ 6lib 6, iy Kopi"OWL ero" Kivu iltJriwv. M. GU3rducci,L' Epigrafia Greca, cr. 401.

o

Lle£"uw)e;, 0 YIOe; wv I1voaviov anD ro 01]/10 rov 80QL' Icpa~11To ylvnm 6lU'XQL0l1 TWV I], e XUL W, o. CI€SlA€W; (W O\!v8mxo ),ewe; Uj10 ),ao<; . ).1/0<; fI€ (lVtl~I£' WXWQ11al]): OWQlXO Lle£"[J.aoe;· i)' KOQlv()(iJL: £1' KOQLvDr.p.

TO' £mTu~B,c cvcy.l.u
H ATTIK~, nou

F.mrPM'~1 AilOT'-!N :\'fT1KH 1/1" IPi!u.O xhill.;;· ,q;l!~ xeXUOlJ!'(/.L aid, avri y6.//6.Tapa Oeo" roiiro }.ax0(J' OI'OPII..

Y.l>uhOln, [ntmdllction GlLr dialeCles grecs Gm'iens, ag. -17. A litO clvQL ro ,w'li,au T~r;
°

,lI.ov)· Ocov (eewv) J.aXoa' (l..axoiiaa).

38

t~£AA£ va £~£A1X8£i o£ nOV£AA~VIO yAwoOiKO opyovo, rll:ov 1l0I' Aet
onlKOU AOyOTEXVIKOU nE~OU A6you fj£ IOXUP~ EniopoOll TWV OOepl OTWV, KUp[We; TOU P~TOPO 10PYIO ana TOUe; AEOVTivoue;. EIVOlll nEplo ooe; KOTU Tllv onoio EI.lepOV[~OVTOl OllfjOVTIK£e; oMoy£e; (n£pIOpIOfjOe; OPIOI.l£VWV IOIOlT£POT~TWV) OTIlV AnIK~ OIUA£KTO, nou OIOKPIV£TOl £TOI O£ 0PXOlOT£Pll (we; TO T£AOe; TOU n£AonovvllolOKOU nOA£I.l0u) KOl v£oT£Pll (we; TO T£AOe; TOU 40u at. n.X.). Tov 30 at. II OIUA£KTOe; unoxw P£l OTllV KOlV~. np£n£l va 0llfj£IW8£l on nopuAAllAO fj£ Til yAWOOO TWV 1.l0pepWfj£VWV OIOnlOTWV£TOl II XP~OIl fjlOe; AO"iKoT£Plle; YAWOOOe;, nou nlOTOnOl£lTOl EnlypOeplKWe; ~Oll ana Tllv OPXO"iK~ n£plooo. 2Tll yAWOOO OUT~ OOKOUV IOXUP~ sniopoOll ~£vo OTOIXElO. H KOlV~, nou OVOfjU~£TOl KOI ATIlK~ ~ AA£~OVOPIV~ ~ EMllv10T1 K~ KOIV~, OllfjIOUpy~811KE we; E~~e;: fjE TllV nOAlTlK~ KOI nVEUfjOTlK~ unEpox~ Tile; A8~voe;, KOTU TOV 50 at., II AT1IK~ £YIVE TO opyavo Enl KOlVWvioe; TWV lwvaepwvwv nEplOXWV nou OV~KOV OTIlV aellvo'iK~ OUfj fjOX[O. 2TOV 40 Ql. ana Tllv AnIK~ OUT~ nou O£X£TOl Enl0pUOEle; KUp[We; IWVlK£e;, oMu K01UM£e;, OIOfjOpepWV£TOlll KOlV~, nou OTOOIO KU nopofj£pi~EI Tle; uM£e; OIOA£KTOUe;. H AnIK~ EivOl II OIUAEKTOe; nou fjOe; £lVOl n£plooaT£po YVWOT~ ana TO nM80e; TWV EnlVPOepwv, nou oPXI~ouv ana TOV 80 at., KalOna TllV nAOUOlOTOTIl AOYOTEXVlK~ napoywy~. Ana TO AOYOT£XVlKU £Pyo nAllOI£OT£pa npoe; TllV OfjIAOUfj£Vll OIUA£KTO £lVOl 01 KWIlWOI£e; TOU APlOTOepUVll· To OIOAOYlKU fj£Pll Tile; Tpoywolae; snlOlle;, av £~OlP£ OOUfj£ Kunola lWVIKU KOl OWplKU OTOlXdo, OVTOVOKAOUV Tllv OfjIAOU fj£Vll Tile; £nox~e;. Ko8apae; AoyoTEXvIKOe; nE~Oe; Aayoe; (snllPWOfj£ voe; ana TOUe; OOepIOT£e;) EivOl II yAWOOO TOU GOUKUOIOll KOl TOU nAUTWVO, TOU Llrwoo8£Vll KOl TWV uMwv PllTapwv. npOOpOfjOI Tile; AOYOTEXVIK~e; KOIV~e; np£nEI va 8EWPll80uv 0 =EVOepWVTOe; KOl 0 Apl oTOTEAlle;, nou naipvouv IWVIKU OT01XElO ana Til ~WVTOV~ YAWOOO, oIlAOO~ ana Til OIOfjOpepOUfjEVll KOIV~, EVW OVTlnpOOWnEUTlK~ TOU nOAOlOTEpOU, npoooeplOTlKOU, Ko8apou onlKOU nE~OU Aayou dVOl II ljJEUOO~EVOepWVTEIO ABT)vaiwv rWAnda. H ATTlK~ £XEI KOlVU fj£ TllV IWVIK~ YVWp[OfjOTO: Tpon~ TOU npwToyEvoue; d O£ T) KOI TOU -Tl OE -oc OVTlfj£TOxwPTJOll £epEAKU OTlKO vu' npWIIlTJ onOOlWnllOTJ TOU F' OVTWVUfjlO r711£1C;' onop£l.l epOTO -VOl' fjOOIO ouv5so~o~ d. 6.ta. SPEI rmo TTJV !(j)VIK~ (no OTI OIOTTJP£1 (~ snOVOep£p£l) TO d fj£TU TO £, I, P (OTTlKU: y£v£o, iOTO pia, wpo, lWVlKU y£V£r7, 10mpiT), WPT)), OUVOlP£1 TO £0, £0, £(
au oiJv fIo~ov rUXJl

xai fTcvia, vio, illv 0 "EgOJ, i:v roWlrrrJ

XaO[OTT/XF;;. trflwrov jii:v Jri:v1J, tiEi [OTI. xai troJ..Xov

&f anaXO, u xai xu)..o" o[ov oi troUoi o[ovrat, aV,a axJ.1]~6, xai airtp1]f!o, xai avVnOfJTrrO, xui /i01XO,» ,

fD.a:rwv, LVflxoatov, 203 c·d.

wv

'De; viDe; AOtJtOV fToQov xai TIle; fT£viae; nov cLvw 6 "EQwe;, ouf43aivft ware ~ xaular:auic; rav va clvw ~ i~fJc;.· fTgWTa ngwTQ elYW aiwviwc; nrw;(OC; xai ,alBe aUa nag" C:lJw},oe; xai wQafoc;, onwc; !OV cpavul~eTaI 6 x6uJloc;. :A v[( BErwe; ElVal !QaX!;C; xai GnEQtJroi7jTOC; xai GVVn00'lTOC; xat aCJrEyaC; .

OL tna),oYOll:Ol! m.cnlOva etas blvol!v >tWV wtaTougyou AyaGw va 0' EVa oLaywvLo"o tgo.ywowv. 0 LwxQat11S, rral{lvovws W ),0"10 m:o TEAOS, atwa OtO" av()glOrro X«L W 6EO, clvaL YLOS T1']e; fl£vlas xat tOU nOQ01.J. 0 nOQOS elVat 1'] ngoaw rrOnOl1']01I tllS EUQ11IWtl)(OTlIWS xaL t1']e; aJtotc),w>tanx~e; aVl:I.l.lE1:Wma1']e; ouoxo),wv )(aW01aaEwv. LtO rragan8€!-"E vo XWQlo mwgt8[tOuvraL Ot Lbt0t11tES rrou EXEL 'Egwwe; we; YLOC; 1:11£ DEvlas AutES Ot tbtotllt£S £lvelL XC1QaXTllgLon XES wu awxganxou (XaL )(UVLXOU) tgonou I;lOlle;.

°

°

avo

ATTIKOC; OKU
MAPIANf\jA MAPrAPITH-POrKA

39

EnEA

nTEPOENTA

KAI

AN0H

TH,

nETPA,

4HMnAHI KAI KAGOMIAOYMENH Er(!El/llal!rr;: i!ai trwq ()Lr.aiwq; oemq J) 'vaLrr.(l!vrt (T' i\;iO(!El/Ja ai(JOavbpevbq (JOV travm r(!avJ.i~ovroq, 0" VOOLT/f;. d Iltv yE fJ(!UV EltrOtf;, tyw (You, iiI' trlElV itrirr/.ov· flappiiv ()' liv aLni(Tal'ro" ~xov (JOt I{!i(!wv av ii(!rov· xar.y.iiv J' til' OU;' {rpOT/, Cfi(!il.(Ta" xi:lyw la{Jwv Ov(!a!;£ i~irpEf!OV iiv :wi ,T(!OV(T'jOfl1lV (TE. AQLatOlpUV1l" NtlpiJ.w.1380-D85, (E~/i. K. J. DO\'fr). r:rQE111l6.0T/~: [JiiJ~ J1E

ro

oino, aoaivrQonE, nov tyw a' clvcwTT/aa; "0, n rlXE~ aro vou (TO v, TO 'vlWea, XL wEvod;e, aXOfla. 'EY.aVEr; «,UJlOV» xat aoli 'oLva va nUlr; aav T' aYQL"oiiaa' «ILa,w> oral' SI/WEr;, hQExa xai (Tali 'rpEQVa 1/J(j)flaxL' «(XQX- ?to.» 00. rpwval;Et;, EUfJl)(; 0' flCa~QV({} (T' E{3yasa ESW xai flneOe; J10u af. "QaToliaa. MEtacpQ. 8QamJ~ouAoe; LWUQOU

a,

Euy€ AOLJ[OV I H vEa ,wLoaY{))YLx~ JWU ELOT)YELTaL 0 LwxQa tT)e; xaL OL rrEQl Cl'lnov E'Tll(?l;tn T11 XELQOOLxi.a aXO[l11 xm EvavTLov TOU YEVV'~ToQa, 0 LTgf1jna011e; WOTOOO 8U[llt,EL mov axagLmo yw TOU, TOV
01 'EMllV£e; ~TOV EpaoTte; TOU npOq,OpIKOU Myou, q,UOlKOU Kal n: XVOUPYlll-.ltVOU. AKO~ll KQl TO ypama Kd~£va, Ta ola60~av OUVQTo. Til ypaq,~ Tllv OVTI~ETWmOOv ~E ouomoTla, EV[OT£ KQl ~£ EX8pOTllTO. o nu80yopoe;, 0 LWKpOTlle; Kat oMol OO¢Ol OEV KQTtYPQljJOVTll 0100 OKaAia TOUe;, LTllV apxa'iK~ loiwe; EnOX~ nlOTEUav on TllV QlWVlOTllTa o£V TllV oloaq,6i\I~E 11 OKAllPoTllTO Tlle; ntTpae; (<<~tvoe; OToAae;» -Lll ~wviolle;, 581), onou xapa~oTOv 11 £mypaq,~, aMo 11 ¢WVrl TOU nOlllT~ nou an0811aauplG~tvll OTO antpavTa nEoia Tile; OUMOY1K~e; ~V~~lle; KOTaV1Koua£ TO p£u~a Tile; M811e;. AVTiolKll ~oipal -Ana TOV Aoyo TWV nOlllTwv ow811K£ ~ovo o,n £ix£ KaTOypaq,£I. Ana TOV xu~wOll Ka8q~£ PIVO Aoyo TOU «XOVTpOU Aaou» (0 Ka~lvOPlle;, 0 £Koopoo¢aytae;, 0 nopv060aKOe;, 0 aMoVTOnwAlle;, 11 KupOTOa, TO ypciiolO, 11 ¢OUPVOPIO oa) OEV ow811Kav napa EAclXIOTa AdljJova, Kl aUTO we; K£i~£vo 6w60. 01 yAwoOlKte; Olaq,oponOI~a£le; OTllV apxa[a EMMa o£V rlTOV ~ovo opl~ovn£e; (OlQq,opte; olaMKTwv), aMo KQl K08nEe;. LE K08£ noAll-KpOTOe; 0 nA1l6uo~0e; ~lAOUO£ TllV TomK~ OlOAEKTO, nou oMa~E OUVEXWe; KOI oUOTponouoE OTllV nEl8apx[a TWV Kavovwv.
1\~:j!~~~3!~~~~~~~IIi~.!~~d~~ij~'

..;

Epu8po~op'l'0~

l\JUKT~PO~ TOU EU<\lpoviou ~C nop
40

TOe;, TO onolo onOT£Aoua£ Til POXOKOKaAlO Tile; KOlvwviae; Mia opuoPrl tOTW £IKova ono Tllv Ka60 ~IAOU~tvll ATT1K~ Iloe; naptxouv TO AOYOT£XVlKO £1011 nou ~l~OUVTOl we; tva 6a8~0 TOV npo¢oplKO Myo, ollAao~ 01 i5l0AOYOI TOU nAOTwva Kat 01 Kw~woiEe; TOU AplOTOq,OVll Kal TOU MEVOVOpOU, 'ETOl £n[ napoody~onOPlo~tVO ax~~aTO Aoyou, onwe; 11 npOATjljJl1, ollAoo~ 11 ~£TOq,Opa TOU unOKEI~tvou Tile; OEUTEpEuouoae; npOTO 01"Je; we; aVTlKSI~tvou TOU p~~QTOe; Tile; Kupiae; (np6A, nAOTWV, EUeUOr/l.IO<:;, 294 c: «0108a Eu8uoTj~oV onoooue; 600vTOC; SXE1»' MOT8aioc;, 6, 28: «KOTO~08ETS TO Kp[VO TOO oypOO nwc; au~ovou OlV») q,a[vnQl va £iVOlIOIOTunisc; TOU q,UOlKOU AOyOU.

Mlo lOloTunll nsplmwoll OUVl010UV TO lOlW~OTO TWV nOASWV, A8YPOITOMIEI

«H a8uQO
nou 6p[OKOVTOV am; saxonse; TOU sMllVIO~OU KOl slXOV nAllSUO~O O'teQ£oTUn1]<; QunuQot1lta.<; XUL E'1.£L MOtas£l tl] xel](J1110

~lKTO. 2:s OUTSe; ne; nOASle; TO SMIlVIKO OTOlXslO OUyKpOTOUOS TIlV no 81\QlU tou XUIiUlOU E'1.£l XUtL to nOll]tLxo. El'.ltoQ£' £tUI

AlTlK~, OIKOVO~lK~ KOl ~opcjlwnK~ 0PXIlYSO[O, SVW 0 nOAUe; AOOe; ~TOV mro 111 /),0.8£01] uvutQon~<; tW\' XUt£Utl]/lEvWV /lu8wv XUt

OMOSSVsle; KOl oMOSpool. 2:TO SMIlVlKO Aomov TWV nOASWV SKslVWV oLxolio~l£ltU' ltaVW Oto 8aQQo<; MeolJbOXllTWv lJUV£lq.

/lWv. A:tuIT£l t1]v itU8U(lXlU t1]<;: >1011 Otl]tUi; XUL ltQOlHjlE-'

So npsnSl va slXOV nopSIOcjlP~OSl, OV KPlVOU~S ana TO nOl~~OTO TOU Q£l tlJ <'iUVlt~llY.~ VEWV OlttLXWv. 0 U8UQOOTO/lO; ElVUl EvUi;

InnWVOKTO, noMse; E;svse; M:E;sle;. Ol YAWOOlKSe; sm~lE;[se; cjlOlVSTOl OTl UliIOXUQ~i; ltOII]~; ltOl! 1] Wfl(lTIltu 11]; Xl,l(lw4I;,u; uno

SVOXAOUOOV TOUe; YAWOOO~UVTOpSe; Tile; snox~e;. 'ETal TIlV nopocjlSo 1£),£1 11] liuvulI~ toU.»

po OTll cjlWVOAOYlO KOl Tllv TunoAoyio ovo~o~ov 60p60PI0~0' slOOe; Dut{JitlJl{t AbufIOJtOU),OIJ, 60p60PlO~OU onoTsAsl 0 00no~6e;, OIlAOO~ 11 XP~.OpslOU Mne; (6A. AplOTOcjlOVIl, EiprjvT), 291). 0 opoe; TO EQYO TO'lJ IO'lJI]TWVLO'lJ, llEQi j3J.aarp1f1.Unv): ULo!;r1, xo OOA01K10/-lOC; nou O~AWVS TO OUVTOKTlKO AOSOe; nposPXSTOl ana TO aaJ.j3cu;, AalXliarQw, cpoQj3ar;, anoe\1aL},mJQu., xa/lamJn1, OVO~O ZOAOI (> OOA01Ki[,w > OOA01KIO/-IOC;), ~lO nopoSOAOOOlO nOAIl flvaaxVTJ, oi!fl.0r;, j3oQj3oQon1, J.EWcpOQOr;, flavlO,aF/oc;, E[Ai OTIlV KLAlKIO, TIlV onOlO slXOV lOPUOSl onOIKOl ana Til POOO yupw OTO noue;, xaJ.xLOlr~, aarvQa, yEywVOXWfl.1, XVVELQa, x.6.. 700 n.X. 2:Tllv nOAll OUT~ sYKOTOOTOSIlKOV KOl ASllVOlOl, Ol onoiol ~s KaTC1Q£;: i~WJ.1r; anoJ.oLO, oLar.!Qay r:i1e;, o(uwtnv Uyw TOV KOlpO AIl0~OVll00V Til OlOASKTO TOUe; KOl 0PXlOOV va unonlmouv aOl, [QQ' tir; xDQaxar;, (fnoyE ir; /laxaQiav, ir; %EcpaJ.!;v aot., as OSIVO YAWOOlKO a~op~~OTO. To S,\AIlVIKO TWV OOUAWV So npsnsl va /11 wQaaL lxowec, anay' ie; rov cp8DQDV. ~TOV Tpl06op60po OV Kp[VOU~s ana TOV LKuSIl 001UVO~lKO OTle; BE; O/-lO¢OP1Q[,OUOSC; TOU AplOTOcjlovll (1104): «ropyo TOl KOYW ASyl», KTA.

OS~S~I-~~~~~I~~~~~~~~~~1~~

"AV01E,T) «eo /-lac; oouvs" «TE:pac;" -AUTSe; ne; AsE;sle; OOywyIKO, OTO«/-IT]" oU~cjlpo~o~svo nou 6p[OKOVTOl, 0 nOlllT~e; (00. EAUTIle;, "ljJoA~oi Kol lj.!llcjlIOW1() Yla ~lav avolE;11 OThv

'AS~vo», To 'ETspoeaAf}, 1974, 12) OSV So ne; s60~s nOTs 010

OTO~O svoe; OVTPOI 0 YUVOlKslOe; Myoe; siVOl novTOTS OlOcjlO

psnKOe; OTOV smTOVlO~O, OTIl oUVTOE;Il, OTIl OIl~OOloAoyla.

Ot OKKIO~O[ OTllv npocjlopo, TO smcjlwvfl~OTO, TO unOKopl

onKO, Ot npoOcjlwvi]OSIe;, Ol ~lOOTSASlW~SV8e; cjlpOOSle;, Ol

SUcjlll~lO~Ol KOl TO ouxvo OUVOlOSll ~onKO E;SonOO~OTO

(ySAIO, AUWOi, YKpl~OTaSe;) cjlTUVOUV KOTO npoowno Tllv

OVTPlK~ OUTOKUPlOPXlO. An6 Til AOYOTSXVlK~ nopoywy~

TWV YUVOlKWV OTIlV 0PXOlOTIlTO SXOUV OlOOWSsl Oplo~sva

Ody~OTO (2:oncjlw, K6plvva, K.O.). rlO TOV cjlUOlKO o~we; YU

VOIKslO Myo Ol nAllPOcjlopise; ~oe; dVOl SAOXlO1Se;. 0 nAO

TWV 011!'SltlJVSl (KpOTUAoc;, 418c) on Ol yuvalKse; OIOOW~ouv

«TIIV oPxoiov cjlwvhv» (OIQASKTO; npocjlOpo;) Ana o;(OAIO

OTSe; ~oSo[vou~s on Ta KOPlTOlO cjlUOlKO ~TOV va XPIlOl~O

nOlouv nOAAO unoKoplonKo KOl OTl Ol YUVOlKSe; slXOV TOUe;

OIKOUe; TOUe; 6pKOUe;: /-10 TW esw: /-Ia TT) i'Jr)/-IT)Tpa KQl TT)V nspos¢6

vT). EE;unoKouSTOl on as ~10 KOlvwv[a nou SSWpOUOS Til Olwn~

010A10l YlO ne; YUVOlKSe; (2:0cjlOKA~e;, Arac;, 293 «yuvOlE;1 K60~ov h

OlYh cjlSPSl») un~PXs novToTs o¢Sovo mnspl TPI~~SVO YlO 60se; ano

TOA~OUOOV va E;S010~lOOUV OlX~IlPSe; sKcjlpoosle; KOl OcjlPOO[OlOUe;

Aoyoue; (np6A. EuplnlOIle;, 'HAiKTpa, 945-6). 1>&

An6T~~~a EnlTla~ aT~A~c; nou 8pt8~K£ TO 1958 ar~v Ava

Buaao T~C; ATIlK~<; KaJ XpovoAoydTaJ yupw ara 530 n,X. Ii ~l'\ Ttpa nou noplO,.ovorav m8avoToTo Ko8Ia~tv~ KpCllliJVra<; TO nOI~i ara y6varQ T~C;, TO KOIT6~£1 KaJ ~£ TO OPI(JtepO T~C; Xtp. TOU aT~pi~£l ano niaw TO K£6At. 'Eva xo~oy£~o OIOTptXEI TO xdA~ TOU nOIOIOU ITOU tuyc npowpo Via TOV K6(J~0 TWV ~oK6 pwv (A8~vo, E8vlKO APXOIOAoYIKO Mouado).

M. Z KOnIMKHl:

41

EnEA

nTEPOENTA

KAt

AN0H

THl:

nET PAl:

H rAnIIA TOY KPATOYI LE KOI-JlO EnOX~ 11 YAWOOO TOU KpOTOU<; OEV £ydp£l AOYOT£XVIK8<; O~IWO£I<;. E[VOI 1-110 OKO\lnTll, onOOT£W\l8Vll KOI ljJuxp~ yAWOOO, OTllV onoio olOTunwvovTol \l£ OO¢~V£lQ 01 011\l00lE<; ono¢oo£I<;, ITI<; 011 \lOKPOTlK8<; nOAEI<;-KPoTIl TWV KAOOlKWV KOI npwI\lwv £AAIlVIOTlKWV Xp6vwv 01 ono¢oo£l<; OUT8<; £ixov Til \lOP¢~ ljJll
o£V anoT£AouV KaTO M~l1 \l£Ta¢Opo TOU apXIKOu K£I\l8VOU, aAAo anOOOOIl TOU K£VTPIKOU VO~\laTOe:. H 00\l~ TWV ljJllIO\loTwv, onw<; OW~OVTat, ~TOV OT£PEOTunll Kat 0IaTIlP~8IlKE OX£oov avoAAoiwTIl on6 TO T£All TOU 60u £W<; TOV 20

n£pIAllnTIK~

n.X. at. npOKElTOI Yla \lla TumK~ \lOP¢~, 11 onola nOYlw81lKE OTllv A8~vo KOI otooo811KE O£ 6Aa TO KPOTll J1E 01lJ10KpaTiKo noAlTEUJ1a TOU TOTE EMllVlKOU KOO\lOU, 01 Emypa
!:(j)i({lelrTJ'. ,,"£oo;l:v» Jrov rprym «-rfi pov},fi» ij «-r(O o~P(tJ» ij afJrporCtJol" ;wi «ii, r&D>, TOV aVTUV olj }.i'l0JV pula IlcfJvw, ;eai i:
ro

Yf"I(}afJPEvOr;; n~UT(j)\"
258 a.

LWX(!arrye;. ;tie, a oVYY(!WpEo.e; 'anorpo.owf ry {3ovJri' ri '0 O~I£Oe;', ri xal Ot ',UETo. ano nQoro.OI] TOO' TeLOC', xO,unu ~ovrQ(; xal nUxovrae; ro CY%WPLO TOV WVWV rov, Kw.

ovo,

ovvcxil;" CITtOfl%VVOVWe; TryV iow rou TI) oorpia orove; 8avlw(JrE( rou, "ata.b/ioVW noVi.:; rpOf)<'e; or I'W a5wi rf("1. pn.".{200%fA;/ ;;I,JU'!U'1l ,.(c<. H I,,/;;rwc l'Ollil;n( ;,rw, 1fqOXflTW itO xcin cillo xal 0Xi 'Ita yqa;rrri nQaf,uauia:

o JIoI,mx6~ ITOU clollydwl Eva

V6~LO dvm, UJlOO'tllQl~fL 0 OUOlC/()'tlxa Eva.£ QliwQw;, a OJIoi,o£ Em6fLXvUCI TTl oOfj)la TOU OWU£ GUUpClOTEe; TaU, lllV EXXArjoi,C/ TaU 6~fIOU Ii TTl f\ou),~, KUQLO ,IE)'llpa 'tOU clval va auvTat;fl YQC/moue; A6yo1J£, O'tou~ OJIoi.o1JC; ITQoTCioOfl ('(UTOU~ IT01J 'tOY CJIaLVOUV, xm OD] OUVlZFtO lw.QaOE'tfl flc fjJLA(;(QEOXWl X(;(l 'to 0lx6 tOU 6vopa, H CIQWVCla OTO cm6orwofla CLVCIL qtqJuVli£ XC/I c/TCOOXOJI€l O'tO vc/ avnnaQc<6EclCL 'til gllTO gfic< W£ Ii1Wc
OOTEPE<;
\l10 J1£i~ovo 8EO\lIK~ E~£AI~l1. H EnIXElPIl\laTOAOYla un£p Til<; anOl)Jil<; nou EnIKPOTIlOE KaTa YPO£Tal OTO OIl\lOOIEUJ1£VO ljJ~¢IO\la M£TO TO ovoJ1a TOU £IOllYlln1 nou aKoAou8EiTat ana TO p~\la ,,£[n£v»,' rropcrd8f.Tat Ouv~8y)<; oc anap£\l
yOVO<; nou OIVEI 10iaiTEPll a\lEOOTIlTa OTO K£lIlEVO H olaTunWOll aUT~ \la<; 8u\li~EI w<; Eva 6a8\l0 TI<; 011\ll1YOP[E<; TOU 80uKuO[011. 01 aVTllI 8£J1£vol AOYOl TWV npwTaywvloTwV TOU n£Aonovvll0tOKOU nOA£J10U KaTaypo
VTOKTll TOU ljJll
42

TOU IOTOPIKOU OlaAEKTIK~.

01 m:pIOOOn;pEe; Orll.lOOlEe; EmypOepte; KI\E1VOUV I-lE Tl1V EVTO/\~ npOe; TOV YPOl-ll-lOTta va epPOVTlOEI va ovaypoepd TO 4J~epIOl-la OE I\lSI Vl1 OT~I\Il KQl VQ OTIlSd OE tvov OUYKEKPll-l8VO XWpo. H OlaOlKOOlO Tl1e; KOTOOKW~e; TOU I\ISIVOU ovnyp6.epou eLXE KOOTOe;, TO onolo ouxv6. I..lVl1l..l0VEUETO\ OTl1V Emypaep~ KQL OUTOe; nou OVOAQI..l60VE TO t~OOO Entl\EYE KQl Tl1 yl\waoa TOU 4Jl1
\jJHCDJ2:MA rIA ill Ll.HMOKPATJA, 337/6 rrX 'Eni r:J>{Jvvixov a{J);ovroq bTi njq AEWvriiioq tv ar1Jq n{JuwvEiaq ~t Xar.{Jirn{Jaroq :Apnviov :AXU{JVroq iY{Jappriuvev· nov Jr{Joiii{Jwvinf:1jJrj rpt~ev MevixJT{JaToq Ai4wvroq' EViI!!aTTjq it!!l o-roriflou nn!!wroq ebrcv· aya8ijt rlJmt rou orj floU Toli :A01JVaiwv. JdioX{)w wLq vopoOi:rwq' iril' uq i;wl'aanjt TWV brjpwv iJri w{Jawibt Ii nil' w{JawiJa IJ1JVxawo-rJ/O'T]t ij TOV iiijpov TOl' iie."vaiwv ij rqv o1Jpox{Jarial' lHl7jvTjatv xaw}.vO'T]I., oq liv rOv roirrwl' u nmJ/aavra ano XTdwJt aatoq I!rnw·

Tr,v

J. PouiJloux. Chou, o. Ul·U2. 'Eni
ana

ro

Mw:i
H miaT£llJ~ 1~C; ar~Mc; TOU LjJ~ia~aToc; KaTa T~C; 1Upovvl~oC; onclKovi~CI T~ 1l.~~oKpoTio ITOU aTCOVWVCI TO A~~o. H aT~A~ 6pta~KC CT1~V

Ayopa TWV Aa~vwv KOTW alTo TO ac~tAlo KTlpiou TOU 40u IT.X" y£yovoC; nou onO~£IKVU£J nwc; ~ IcrXUC; TOU ljJ~'l'i· a~oToc; ~rav auvTo~~ (Ae~va, Moua£io T~C; Apxaiac; AyopaC;).

LOCD!A f(PBvlY6H-IIIIAIANOY

43

01

61AAEKTOI

THIAOrOTEXNIAl:

EnOl OIlYIIEVr - BOPIAI o O~uaacuc; (npoac~c T~V cmypa,!,~ aTo ayycio: OAYIEYI) novw Ola KU~aTo. nop6aToa~ ac ayycio KaBclplKOU pue~ou (O~,!,op~~, Ashmolean Museum).

TO~I~CUCI

06YUEYL'H Oi\YITETI; 'Eva OUOEnLAUtO rrQo~),TU'a BEtEl '1 EtUfloAoyta tOU ovofla tOe; OOUOOEVe;. Lt'1V 'OovaaELO (t 405-410) 0 rra1l0ve; tOU 'iQwa 0110 t~ flEQLcX t11e; WltEQae; tOU, 0 Auto),uxoe;, OLVEL OlOV qyovo lOU auto to ovofla, E1lElO~ aXQL~we; fLXE flLO~ OEL XOL flL~BEL 0110 nonove; av8Qwnovc; (o6VaaOf/.OL: EiI'W OQyta,UEVOC" rrQ~A. AaUVLXo odi). LE Elll"{QarpEC; attLXwv, ~OL WtLXWV XOL xOQLvBlOXWV ayyELwv, WOtOOO, to OVOflO EflqJa VLt:;nCtL ftE tOUe; tvrrove; 'O}.vr(r)€l)c" 'OAva(a)evc;, 'OAV~EVC;, OvJ'[~1JC;, 'QJ..i~1JC;, 'QAV~I'/C, (rrQ~A. AaUVLXo Ulixes). H EQfl'1 vELCI 1I0V OLVEl 0 'Ofll]QOe; ELVCtL ~E~CllO 1IaQEtUflOAoYl1<1]. To 1ll8av6tEQo flVCtL on to 6vofla EivCtL JtQOEn'1"IXO.

PatjJw1i6c; QnayytHcl tva an6 TO nOI~~aTa TaU cmKOU KUKllou: «onwc; KonOTC Ol~V Tipuv8a ... " Epuepo~op,!,oC; a~,!,optQC; TOU ~wyp6,!,ou TOU Kllco'!'p61iauc;, npwl~OC; SOC; aJ. (Aov1iivo, Spera VIKO Moua£ia).

!J.UO Kopu<1>olo O£lVIJOTO TOU llPWIKOU fnOU<;, II 'lAlCrOO KOl II Douo oew, £VKOlVIO~OUV, TOV 80 01. n.X., Tllv £ilAllVIK~ KOl Tllv £upwno'(K~ ilOVOT£XV[O' KOl TO OUO onoo[oovTOI OUIJ60nKO OTOV 'OIJIlPO. To npw TO KOl OPXOlOT£PO tno<; tX£l w<; stlJO TOU Tllv oPV~ TOU AXiAMo KOl n<; TPOVIKf<; £mmwo£l<; OTO £AAllVIKO OTpmon£oo £~OlT[O<; Tll <; 1J0KPOXPOVIl<; onox~<; TOU ~pwo ana n<; nOA£IJIK£<; £mX£lp~o£l<; OTllv Tpo[o. To O£CJT£PO KOl IJ£TOV£V£OT£PO noilllJO OVO<1>fP£TOl OTOV noilCm080 VOOTO TOU Oouoo£o ana Tllv Tpo[o KOl TO OUO tnll xopo KTllP[~OVTOl ono IJIO TfTOIO OTOXOOTIK~ WPIIJOTIlTO KOI OUV8£TIK~ opnoTllTo, WOT£ K0810TOUV onoiluTw<; 600il..lll Tllv £IKOO(O on onOT£ AOUV Tllv OKIJO(O KOl KOToilllKnK~ <1>001l TOU £[oou<;. To np06i1111J0 Tll<; V£v£Oll<; TWV wwv OUTWV onoT£A£lIJ£i~ov 8£w PllnKo ~IlTOUIJ£VO, TO 0106011TO «OlJllpiKO ~~TllIJO", nou O£V So IJO<; onOOXOA~O£1 eow .Le V£VIK£<; VPOlJlJf<; OIJW<; IJnopOUIJ£ va unoOTllpl ~oulJ£ on TouiloXIOTOV TO K08svo ana TO nOI~IJOTO aUTO npotpX£TOl ono SVOV KOl IJOVO nOlllT~, nou o~lonO[IlO£ KOTO Til ouv8£O~ TOU IJIO 1J0KPO[WVIl npO<1>opIK~ WIK~ nopooOOTl' OUT~ TOV Tp0<1>o06TllO£ TOOO IJ£ SfIJO,O 600 KOI p2 iloYOTumK2<; eKeppaO£I<;, £K<1>POO£[<; Olliloo~ nou wovoiloIJ6avOVTOV IJ£ OT£p£ClTUno Tpono KOl VI' aUTO OI£UKOilu

vov TllV anOlJvlllJOV£uOIl OTtXWV ~ KOl OAOKAllPWV TumKwv OKllVWV lJaXIl<;, <1>0VllTOU, KTA. XOPOKTllPlonKo o£iVlJo Tll<; AovoTumK~<; ouv 8£O1l<; onoT£iI£l II XP~01l TOU TumKou £mSETou nou oUVOO£U£1 OTO 8epa ov8pwnou<; ~ npo.VIJOTO. UOLKa, 11 nopouolo OUTWV TWV nopo OOOLOKWV IJtowv KOl TWV OI£UKOiluVTIKWV nopovovTWV o£V opK£l Via va £~IlV~O£1 TO ov£navoAllmo KailAIT£XVIKO anOTEA£OlJa. 'Eva OlJw<; £lvOl 6S601O: II OT£P£OTunll olOTunwoll ouvt6ail£ mil olOOWOll otail£ KTlKWV Tunwv ano n<; nOAOlOT£P£<; <1>00£1<; Hl<; £mK~<; napaOOOll<;. A~IOOIlIJ£iwTO OTIlv n£p[mw01l TWV 0IJIlPIKWV wwv £ivai TO V£VO VO<; on £XOUV O<1>OIJOIWO£1 nOAITIOlJlKO KOl VAWOOLKO OTOlx£ia nou £~IKVOUVTOl W<; HI IJUKllva'lK~ WOX~ AUTO. TO npOV£VSOT£pa OTOlx£la OIJW<; o£v £ivOl ouvmo va onoooSouv O£ £UOiaKPlTa waililllila

46

OTPWlWTQ nou OSpO[OTIlKOV \111xovlKo: OUyKpOTOUV EVO 0\10AY0\10 nou O£V £ntTpEn£1 TOV OUOTIlPo OlOXWPI0\10 O£ nOAOlOT£p£e; KOl V£O T£p£e; nOlllTlKEe; \1ov66£e; \1£ KPIT~PIO Til yAWOOO. H ouvUnOp~1l OIO
-n

at yap 1m' ~cJ,i'fJ T:E xai ovpaw/j aorE[!oevn vaLeraovlJ[ ;r;oJ.rw; hnx(}ol'iwv av(}(}om:wl', rawv fJO' trE(}t Xi;pl. niai/ETO "fho,; 0~ !Cai HgiafJ0'; !Cai ).ao,; IiJfJfJuiw H[J
VI11;, (.\ 4ot-49.

Ti an' aaa "arw an' roy aarQO
'" Wr' aaa 6 y~J.lOe; {JUnEI f3yaivol'we; (}l'r/UiJv avfJQdmwl' xaarQa,

aUo "al'El'a GEl' aYWrlJaa aal' r' aylO irovro 'IC"TCQO

"ai aal' rov IIQw.fJo rov avrQoxaQoo WI!) .L1E ro ),0.0 rou'

ri em' ro (3wf'o ,L10V ra xaQia,L1ara OEl' D.flI/Jav xaeo),ov,

~ "viaa XI 01 anovOie;' ri 01 ciOcivawI DE ),axaw CiUIJ XI1QIJ.

METaCjJQ. N. Kasrwrl;ax~t; - r. e. Ka~.QLO~t; MnQOOTa ma TEix~ HIt; TQoiat; a),J11AooCjJal;oVTaL TQWEt; XaL AXaLoi. ITOV 'aAu~no Ol GEOi EXOUV OlaonaoGEi OE ouo arQmo nEoa' anOl EUVOOUV TOU<; 'EA),~VEt; XaL anOl TOUr; TQw£t;.

a I'.lar; UJlOXI'JQEL onr; mEOu<; "1<; 'HQa<;, Yj OJlolCl. EJTlihl"-fl l'1v a!.w
l:.![LAInU-'Ot.. 11-\ IloUoi OjlilQLxoi AOYC)TUnOl f;lIf,(iJVOVV OXO,U-lj xen m'l!lcQo OTOV ilQOCPOQL'XO xaL Loiwt; OTOV !.OyLO YQomo Myo. Ogl()I'EVOL

M£Aov6~op
TaU 60u oJ. H napoOTao~ OUV'OTO ~IO

KW~IK~ €K~OX~ T~C; uno~ox~c; TOU O~uoota ana T~V Kipl(~.

To ayy€io ~toa OTO onoio ~ ~oYlooa avoKoT£U£1 Tav «KuK£wva" (ivai 0~61~la ~e: Tav OKU'!',) nou
~a)'LOw. ExOUV 'XotllEQWeEL w<; IlHWfQCtU'llZa Oavaa xen ae SF VEt; '!),WOOf<;: 0'10 YfWOVLxa Yj (JUI~-r),oxli Gejliigelle WOrier (EnClX(lIB~~ flf1Ci..Ol 10 !.oyLa oav nouALa. H )",(00 OCl (tVa),OI'PaV£[ ro gOAO Til,
at

MNIH/\ I. IAKQB

47

01

/lIAIIEKTOI

THr

1I0rOTEXNIAr

41AAKTIKO EnOl Paul Klee, To Kouri rry~ navl5wpa~ aav VCKplj q)ljary. To KOUTI TTaploTilVE:TOI we; Kcv6apoe; (TO KOTC~OXriV KUTTe'\'\o TOU L1,0VU' oou). To cVOIy~o aTT' 6nou U"'WVOVTOI OIo6~OIaKoi OT~oi UTTO~I)' h"'Vei TO yuvalKcio ~6p10 Kal 01 '\a6te; TOU ayyclou TIe; w06iJKee; (Nta Y6pK~, Curt Valentin Gallery).

7Hpoe; OE u-,dJJ.vpoe; T' civOci xai irxiTa rims tJfV8g£rp bpd,ojJlYoe; ).tyvuijv xaraxcvET' amoijv .!TIIXVOv V1UJ iITE{!VyWV, Oi(Jwe; xa/IaTwflwe; roPT!, r~/lOe; morarai T' alyce;, xai olvne; ti{JlmOe;, /laxJ.oraral fit yvvalxe~ aqwvgOTaTOI fli TOI Iivo{Jce; dULl', brei xElpa).ijv xai YOVvara _cigwc; Ii~ct., abaUoe; oe TE x(Jwe; {m:o xav/laroC;' iJ.)J.a Tor' ijlllJ et/IIU:TpailJ Te UXlij xai PiPhvoe; olvoe; /la~a T' a/lo).yaiTf yaJ.a T' aiycov u(JEVYVfJEVaWV xai pooe; vJ.orpayolO x(!iae; wi nw u:roxvilJe; nl!wroyovwv T' i{Jirpwv. bri /), aroona nlvipell oivov, Ev mati !:~6/levov, Xt:Y.OI!TfI'EvOV ~TOI! iblOb']e;, aVTiov aX{Jaioe; ucpv{Jov T(!tlpavra nl!ouwna· x(!1vrre; /)' cievaov xai a.noIlPVTOV ij r' IdJO).(J)TOe; T(!iC; vflaTOe; .T(!OXinv, To bt rb:apTOv ii/lE1' oivov. UlJl,)l)O\j, -E{Jya xai 1J/lc(!rn, 582·596. OWl' avoi;,£< TO aveoe; TOV OXOAVfJOV %at TO o!;urpwvo TCLT:/"l xaew/l8vo aro OEVT(!O "cLrOJ ana W rpu(Ja rov re (JaiCn TO T(!OY0150I nov aov ;roievEl T' ovna, Vat, 1(!eE ro liOV(!aaTixo %w.O%Cll(!aXI. TET(JMOXEe; 01 yiflEe;, aTIJV mo %o},i] rou w(Jo TO %(!(Wl, rpAoyiSovrw an' rov lraeO 01 yvvaixEe;, 01 aVTQEe; OfJWe; cL1JCll o.:rroxavvOJfJiV04 ywri ro aar(!O LciQwe; ra naow %at ro %Upa},1 ano!;IJ(!OiVE, I;'IQa TO oiQ,uo ana TO %VVIXcL li015jAOW. Tau ol;isouv rou (3Qa /ou '7 oXla lim ro xQaai rlJe; Bi/JJov, 0 TQo/avae; Xat 'wv mylvv TO yw,o, lrOV 'xouv scxo/liFL W /uliQa rove;, XI axo,ul) %Q{ac o;ro aycJaaima ;rov aEv iXEl auopi YEvl'lia[l Y.I :rr,) 7QWl,UO %aro~6.xL Kat va .-r;ivfl; %OXXLl'W1rO x(}aai

lia()w!':'vOC; arl) aXla, xocnaro,- 0 OQOOE(}Oe; ZicpvQoC; oro nQoaw1fo aov va cpvoa. Na I) oU)(n~ ava),oyia: TQia ,uiQ~ lIEQ015 ana nl)y,j lrOU avofJJ.vCn aOolOJrlJ aJCo m iyxaw flJe; Y'l<; %at f;val'i(Joe; OlVOU,

o HlJlOOO; ~lOY(lQ(:Pl~H

IlLa noviJll1xl1 oX1]vi] aYQonx* ,0 "nLX-VLX» wu ~lOW1Xou, Yfla lwQolloLa xcncww 01] 11ourru8nac rrcQLygU(pnaL >:m oc tva cmoorra.olla W\) Aho.lou (347a). ngDoc~E DIlCUC; "ll oLai,Exw:!] OWi.lr.W;), brci xErpa}.ilv xai yovvara rci(JlOe; CiSEl - Aholoc; (AloALX11 OLUACXW;), Emi oij %<'l'ciA.av %ai YOl'a rciQwc; aaofL :,i, nEWTI>:a rravcwc; EmXELl;1i],ww r. fIngoJtoui,oc; (Reat and Lust. Resiod's Midsummer Festival Scene Revisited) EXEL OEi1;EL on 0 Aholo; O£V Ill!lclTGl TOV Holollo, ana on xm Ol OUO oLa oX[1Ja~ouv tvo EJtOXLXO ,Qo'!OUMXL wu AOO,). ~CU;'I(,

°

48

\

I,

I

l,,,,~ r··/

a Haioooe; (m:pinou 700 n.X.) KaTOYoTOv ana Tllv KUIJIl Tile; IJIKpaOla TlK~e;

AlGAioae;, aAAn E~llas aTllv :A.oKpa Tile; BOIWTiae;, IJla KWlJonOAIl KQI IJS 6apu KAtlJa. a Hoioooe; ma81lKS nOlIlT~e; TOU oupavou, Tile; YIle; Kat TWV aV8pwnwv TOU lJoXSou. LTIl Geoyovia TOU oumlllJa TOnoillos Tle; apxaise; napaoOOSle; Kat ooSao[se; Yla TOUe; SSOue;, OTO "Epya Kai 'H/li:pOl npo6aA£ TLe; VESe; 118IKEe; aSlse; Yla KOIVWV1K~ olKal Oauvll KQL EVTUOS IJS nOlllTIK~ 1J0p¢l~ TO npaKTlKO napaYYSAIJQTa Tile; aYPolK1K~e; oo¢liae;: non: KQL nwC;~psnsl va anspVSle;, va 8spl~SIe;, va Tpuyae;, va naVTpSUWQI! H OIOaKTlK~ nOlllCJ11 TOU HOlOOOU aKOAouSd TO IJnplKo KQL YAWOOIKO xvopla TOU llPWIKOU snoue;, noMoi 0IJIlPIKOl AoyoTunol TOU TLJnou POOOMKTUAoe; Hwe;, fJ77TieTQ Zeue;, noAutpAoio6oLO Bat..ClO077e;, anavTouv KQL mov Holooo aUTOuOlol, OIJWe; OMOI slJ¢lav[~oVTat IJc> TOOXIlIJ01IOIJSVOI, npooaplJoolJsvol ollAao~ mil vsa 8SlJaTLK~. 'ETOI Yla napaoelYlJa 0 AoyoTunOe; role; 0' a/la TwoapaKovra /leAatvat vnee; inovro (Kal roue; aKoAouSouoav oapavra Kuavonpwpa Kapa 610), onou aKOUY8TOI TO 6ouilTO Tile; 80Aaooac; KOl 0 axoe; Tile; lJoXIle;, lJf:TaOXIlIJQTi~f:TQl as IJla £louMlaK~ ~Wypa¢lla aYPoT1K~C; ¢llAono vlae; role; 0' afJa TwoapaKovTOni]e; ai~776e; inolro (va napaKoAouSei TO 60010 UTO opywfJa evae; on6apoe; oapavTap/7e;). LTO KsllJsVa TOU Halooou anavTouv sniOlle; owploj..loi KOl Tuno AOYIKa xapaKTllPlmlKo TWV Bi1 OlaA~KTWV, onwe; 0 TunOe; -av Tile; YSVIK~e; nAllSUVTIKOU (Beov aVTi S.swv, Teropa aVTi ri:ooepa) Kal ¢lTWX~

I_d:(w aVTl j.1rjiSw (TO Y€VV'lTIKG apyava). LnaVla EivOl 1Q oTolXda ano.

Au,i~a IF ani nvgo; ,IiJSEV ~a~ov a,'OownowLY.

Hlv TomK~ OlaAEKTO TOU nOlllT~, Ta BOlWTlKa: (/Ji~: IljJiy~. f},EV AEinouv TSAOt; KOl 01 EmopOOEle; ano. Tllv Al1IK~ OlaAEKTO. 'Eva EVT€AWt; IOIOIlOP
KouBailo€l j.1o(i IOU T'lV KOIOlKia IOU)

dVQl TO oaillYKopl, ovaaTWe; (ana TO

0- O1£PllTlKa, nou IlnpOOTO ana
V~EV yivETOl av + aaIOuv) ElVOl 8tH;

TO xmnoiSt 8tH; naAl TO aaillyKopl.

EVOSX£101, WOTaaO, II A£~ll va 8tVQl

ouv8£Tll ono. TO a- OT£PIlTlKa + va

awe;, OnaT£ 0' OUT~ TllV n£pLmwoll

dVOl TO OOAIYKapl, nou o£v £m01ps

anou ~£KivllOE, OMa OAAWe; ilO~£U£1Ol

010 KaBouKl TOU. 'A,\AEe; At~£le;-olviy

llaTO 8tVOl: GTplXOe; (IO ljJiiSl),K€palOl

UilOKOiTW (TO i€ loljJw), Tpinoue; 6pOTOe;

(0 ovGpwnoe; j.1C TO Tpio no.iSw, ollAao~ 0 ytpoe; j.1C T'l BaKT'lpia IOU),

J'ai,,; yaO aVpnXauuE nEou,Xv,or; l1fl11nyvljett; nao(Ji:vrp aiboin ,xd
f)j.1€paKOLTOe; Qvf)p (0 KiltIjJT'le; nou 1{01j.1QrW T'lV 'lj.1tpa ylO va YUpi~£l

T'l VUXTO), ntvIO~Oe; (nou iX€1 nivT£ o(oue;: KilaiSlo, OIlAOO~ 7) nailoj.J'l

j.J€ TO ntvT€ i56KTuila).

KaAa II OIOOX~, £OTW KOI II
EllnEooK,\r')t;, =£vO
Afliaw, cpmixvEt 'wv avO(!wnwv av;{{3aQo xaxo

yw H)cpwna'

nljQE a:rr' ," YI) nl)}'o 0 saxova,o, xw},o, (JtOr;,

Xt E7rXauE oflolwfla aEflvljr; naQ(Jivar;, onwr; w OiAl)uE

I) (3ov},1j wv Llia.

K, I) AOl)va, W i"ana },a,unovwr;, rl)v ii;wat,

YI)V aro},l{J[ flE QOUXo },a/I7rEQo' rl)r; iQ'st anonavw

nin}.o nEQiuxvo, E"Oafl!3wuuo.

Mna.cpQ. !J.. N. MO.Qwvl1:~e;

o [l-u8oe; 11'1e; I1avowQoC;, TIle; xa1:t~()X~V fLOLQo.lae; yuvolxae; (w avrlrJ"TOLXO 1:~e; 131~),IX~e; Euoe;), Jta QaOlonat. an:o wv Haiooo aE ouo EXOOx£e; (ew yovia, 570-615 Kat ''EQya, 54-105). TTj qJoVl:ooia 1:WV xa),),mxvwv an:o tTjv aQxmOtllW we; u~flEQa XEvtQlsEltotaltEQC< 0 alVlypr,l1lXOS f,iJOoe; (to xourl 1:~S I1avowQae;), an:' on:ou ~trr~o~aav OAte; 0llJ1J!J. (poQES m~ y~. To XWQlo ~QlOEl ana O!.lTJQlxEs EX (PQa.UEle;: na(JOivlp alooin ("dol', Jrc!?",},vror; /-lpqJty VIjEt" yAavuoim, :A01v1), "aui ;/QijOEv, Oavfla lOi.(J{)aL

D. G. Rossetti, navowpa. H nav~wpa TTapouOla~nal we; ~olpaia aKtTTaa~a TaU KOUTIOU, orr' 6nou TO K(r:,~6 TTvEu~aTa ~pOTrETEuauv ~taa a' tva auw~4'o Karrvou. Lxt~la ~E Kop6auva (1379).

yuvafl
'Ex L1toS' apxwpw()a, ,ov oubino,', avr5(,JES', EWpEV t1{1g'lwV" punai bE ,1 ,or; JUi!Jar PEl' ayvta~ :rrauar b' av(Jgw,Twl' ayopa~ pwn) {)E Oalauua xa! hfli:v",- ;ru\'nJ bi L1,0; "CJlJIipe{Ja ,TawfS'. roil ytX(,I xai yL'voS' ci,lO- 0 {)' ij.TtOS' avOpwnowL &~ui. unl/ol\'f(. "A~uto<;, IPat.vopCYa, 1-6. No. aQXiaovflE =0 TOV Llia. flanol'f r,urir; 0' al'()gwnot TOl' /J-v'l/wvevovflE. 0, dQoltO, o},o" OlE, rwv o.vOQ(;);rwl' v, o.yoQir;, I) 06Jo.aua "at ra h,Uavra Eivat YSI,ara ano WI' LlicL flo.l'TO") O},Oi (l(l~ EXOV/-lE avayxl7 ano TOV Llio, )'w.rf E("ClOTE I) rJt,,1j wv YEVta. K, ewro, %UAOr; pt WII, (ll,OQw nov~ Xo.Qrr,Et OI),llarJW EVvoixa.

Ol OllOL01:·~tEe; ({vu+LEaa 01:0 n:Qooi+uo r",V rjJ WVO!tEl'WV xat rHO rrQooiltlU tWV 'EQYwl' tau Hatobou ElVaL flU (lVELe;: 'EQya, 3-4 (!J.Lfie;): 51' rE tlui pQoTOi aV{)Qt,.. iJl/wi r' aeiJl)wi rE 11,0,... 101, nXEil/ flEV ya(! yaia xa"wv, nlFil) dE Oa}.Cl!JOCl. YRllQXouv ~ 'fJma xm OtuqJoQ£S t6ao atl1 OOIn'1 tWV n:QOOl[l-I.WV (0 J-IaioooC; EJT:lZa),El1:at ItQww n~ MOUOE 1Wt ne; n:QotQf.,1:n va oo~o),o-Ilioouv tov !J.la. 0 AQatOe; n:QlOW. 1J[l-vElwv 6la liW !.lOVO rrQos to 1:£),0£ EJTLXaAtltm ne; \1o,)aEe;), ouo xm ernl GEo),oylu OUS. 0 !J.lae; TOU AQa 1:OU E[VaL qJl),o:v8Q0JJroe; xm '1TilOt;.

EYArTEI\IA ITAMnOYI\H

49

01 LlIAAEKTOI THI AO,OTEXNIAI

EAErEIA o ov8pwno<;

IKHNH IYMnOIIOY a 60'WTIKOC; Kav8apoc;, tpyo TaU ZwypaljlOU TWV MuO"TWV (OIjJ'~Oc; SOC; al.), aV~K£1 (ITOV Ka8£lp'KO pu8~o, nou ~Tav ~~~OIjl'A~C; OTO ,£po TWV Ka6£ipwv OT~ 0~8a. AUT~ dva' ~ ~OV~ oA~8Jva KW~IK~ OXOA~ T~C; KAaOlK~C; !:AA~VIK~C; TtXV~<;.

To OUlWlOOtO ~wv (mOl0U£ orwOVllxQ-ccQov£ O€Oflou£ lT1£ E),Jl1v~x~£ xo~vwvlo£. 0 .. OUI-LT(OO~OlrtE£ 1jwv aV1QE£ (arto U£ yuvalxE£ flOVO clalQES, OUAlJ1Q[OE£ xm oQXlJ01QlOcS no QcvQlo-~ovwv) nov a~xav onlY lOla XOIVWV~X~ ta.~l] xm ElXav tl£ lOi.t£ rro),mxE£ J(E1l0IB~oc~. To OU~WlOOtO ~LOV XWQo£ llQoocpoQOC; yl-O xo),JmxvlxE£ EXOTlAWOE~S (~.oVOL x~, XOQo£, TQOYOUOl), 'ItO qJlAOOOlPlXE£ oUl;Tlt~OEl£, OXOflTl xm yl-O nOAltLXE£ OUVWI-LOOU::£. Dona ano W OVlWlOO'£tXo. o.o~ow q:;alvElm on E[XOV ytVEl 1000 OTJ~.OqJ!.A~, WOtE va qmvEouv xm "tOV£ OYYElOYQaIjJOU£. L1T]V WWtEQlX~ OIOXO Ofll10lJ tl1£ EQUOQOl-tOQCPl]£ xU),lxa£ tOv l;wYQo.cpov tOU t>.OUQI.60£ (XQOVOAOyEL101 yUQW 010 480) 0 OUll.n:OOlOOt~£ nQoorroBE[ Vcl tQClyOVO~OE~, ono. 10 flOVO nou y,OTOQOIOVEl ElVat va sWlo~loEl Hlv ClQXll ano "lv ClxOAovOll EA£'(Elo tau 0EOyvl 939-942 (0 «(pi),o£" TlOU EXEl EYXata),El1»£l10V OUj.wtOOLOOt~ ElVat ~E~CllO 11 qJwv~ "tOu).

OV bvvap(f.L ifimv!l )iy' rtE!otpev waJTqJ alJbmv· I(C/i yat! rqv Jr(!ori(ll/v vVxr' bri ;
fl"v,,6. va Tgayovol/UW UOV ro al/oovl OEV f1nogr1J'

rlJv nEgo.uwivl/ vV1.w TgWVQL~o. fiE rove; uV,unoue;

Tgo.yov6wvwe;.

°

.Mv AEf)) nux; lpWLEL o.v,(1/n/s· 0 "lpi.loC;" floV

p' iXEL a.rp/UCl,nOV oev rov ,(£l.J/.£L 1/ 1.6.(111 rov rQayovowv.

EpuapoiJop.OUp,~OC;. EaWT£pIK~ ~raKOO~~O~

(Movaxo, Antikensammlungen).

OVTlKp(~£1 YlQ npc.ln'l
srll

Epu8po~op
(500 IT.X.) MOUO'Eio).

2:TIlv EOWTEQLX~ EnLcpaVEla TTlS EQuOQaflOQt:prJ<; )(UAt xa<; (Y-UQW 010 500 it.X.) E-va<; it(lJywvocp6Qo~ o.VTQa<; ftE EXOWTlXa avaycQ[J.Evo 'W XELjlaAL ava JlaUCTaL Jlo.V(lJ 0111 auflnoowx~ XAlVT] , 0 )(lOOO<; OTO )(l.'(l'aAL Y.Ol1a )(QowAa UJlObTlAWVOUV 011 EL Val OU[J.JTOOla~<;. To AaYOlJOaXl ElVOL oUvTl81.'<; oWQo OE EQW[1EVOU<;. 0 EQWTI.'UflEVO<; TQayouba, onw<; IlTlAUJVCTW. ano TTlV EmYQaqnl. TO aXOAOlJOO OlOUXO ano TOV 8EOyVL (1365-6): rQ Jrai(jwv xa}J,WrE ~ai iflE{!OEurau :TaIT((ilI,

urijO' aVroV itai flOV travg' braxovIJov Etr1]. Q 1'EOQE n(lVE/lOQrpf %r wr' DAOVS nw JroD1]Tf. araoov E%d xor clxOVOE ra l,[ya AOYw nov 'xw va (lOV lew.

TcOwi,l/:var yag xa},Ol' Evi 'Tt!oflaxowr Jrwirvra !ivlit!' al'aOov oT£f!i .Tarpili, flayva/ll.l·ov. 011' £I' aurou ,Tl!oJ~Jrol'Ta :rOAtV xai Jrio'l'a<; ayt!o-v<; .TT:WXeVE1V JUlVTWV Eor' aV'1]t!orawv, 1f).a'o/Uyov uiJv Il1/T{ii cpiArJ xai JTCtrgi )'ipovrr trawi u uUv /llxl!0i; xou(JlbiT/ r' a),0l(!).

Ii

f\u:ridl I/h' EaLwv u<; ayaVaat, fjv;Utl!a (Ju./lwj), tYro; a,ulw'1wv, xa}J.urov ovx HJiJ.I:JI'· Gorov £I' i~E(Jclw(Ja· ri /lOt /li).J.~ amn', ix-EiI"I: E!!t!irW' i~aiirt<; xr~uo/lar oil xaxiw.

TlIQTtUU<;

10,1·6 (W t).

Ti TlI117 oro nah.xaQr DTCtV JrQoiro ur~ rpwwi,

yro. r~v naTQioa pi: ril onaDa aril &era.

AVlCIlQoraw va a'1J1/au rilv nCJ.rQioa r~v yJuxwi

%ai WU~ E-flvOaWVS rou~ %a,unou<; xai ~ii p.E OW%OVW

At!. yovwu<; va MQaOEQvE( 11£ yvvCLZxa '/lOQrpwvra

pi: YEQovrlOoa ,uqTf.Qa %al ir' av~},r%a nwO(o..

MEtaCPQ. LnUQLOWV TQly.Oll1TlI; Ui'oru)OEL

AyciUfrcu IIf wl1' amrioa xcinow~ f3ciQf3aQo~. LlLll-J.iX OE Oci,ll1'O,

(Xat ~ro.1' on;"o al/JEyaowaro) rT/1' o.'1}//Oa XWQ.'.: va W oaw,

'Eoo)oa Til ~w>i pou, fI va pE /ti}..fL 'I aarrioa E%EivT/;

Iwv %oQa%a' J(ai,'JTEQq (JpEaw~ Oa QJro%r~ml!.

AqnaL eJu OWV 0 AQZii..oxo<; E1TlOI.I:erOrp'E TTl LJlagITl, Ol ECYOQOl TOV (lvayXaOav va EYXC<1a),EL'ljIEl1TlV JlO)'~ auG!lflEQOv. 'Evac; QL1paOlll ,nou XO[UWQQ11ftOVOUOE ,.«iAIOW yea TTlV EJlCll 0Xuvr!l ;t(:!Cts~ 10U, WLOTE),OUOE yea 1TlV ZOtVWVLCl TOU ,,~ TaV ~ i:-rl TaS" 0Tlf'OOtO ;(lVOUVO. AQXu,oXOS OLClXTlQ-UOO£l. flE OJ:po it),LOTLXli EL}.tXQlvfLa TO OIXal(lJ[1a 10U (n0[10u vu aitEAEu8EQ(lJ eEL uno Tl<; asicc; T)'I<; 11Q(lJIZ,'lc; rruQa00011S XaL vu IlQOClonioEl T~V IlQoowmx~ wu nHuxiu (OT11V nQoxELfll.'V~ JlI.'QlJnr'JOII 10 «[1b:n xu16 Y.((l nQww», 1.11 ~l,rri 10U) EOTW XaL oc p,aQo~ Tll<; UnaATl'ljni<; WU. 2:TO XClflEVO aJlUVWUV xat EALjlgUOW; 1Tl<; xaG'1/l·EQtV01111as (f(iQif/f') , a)J..(( X(I( O[1I1(Mo. amlX~[1aW (A.X· EVW~ (lfuilMWV, %a,;,Jurol" XWQI>; miSllml Xal flE acpOfLOi(lJ(J~ TOU T, onwc; OTOI' 'Oi1TlQO). ME 11c; iOI£<; AOinaV "xLjlQCtOW; Jtou UilVlWTlXav w x!.Eu avbQwv XCtnOTE ow Eno<;, E<;U[1vEi xal 0 1j!lJXWftEVO<; avu~ ('waC; w 6lXCt TOU xawQ8ulprna, Oll;',ao~ TOV I.'UTEAwll010U xa Taouvamcunxou OUflP,OAOU, Tllv u:cfQLoxuOII WU evOTLxtOU TII<; auwouvniQllUIlS XaL TOV G(Jla~(p,O TIIS 'lJ!UXQ~S AO"{t)(11<;·

a

va

o

TUQwlo; (70<; al) auv8ETH Ef,EyELES "(La va UI,vl',on TOV oitaQ naTLxo TQono ~W'I'I; Xat va QI1j!lJXWOH 1OU<; n:o)..qllm£<; XCl10 !OuS MCOOTlVw.xo(,S ;WAEfLOVC;. 1(mOS Tll<; xmayl'IYllC; 10U liwv CllHPLO~Tl101iJ1Cvoc;:IvW"1TOc;; AO~va; 2:n:6.QTll; 'OnoLCl XL ClV liwv Jl
a

'Oaus oQiYfwr )ia},ilv va ;
M. Z. KOnIMKHL:

51

01 LlIAAEKTOI

TH~

i\OrOTEXNIA~

IAMBOI 'E[!pii, ri

"(0'

o

ro VcV[!OV, (J; TcVELOhl,

;rorTliv v;r~vav ;wv" Iror' [;evIOV ; KaU,iWI;(OS, =0(111.. 199, (bIb, Pfeiffer), EQ,UlJ YEVEWrpOQE, ro VEVQO oov ywri OE {JUnEI xaral ara noi5w (fOV, a}.,la nQOC; r1) YEVElaOa;

L-UVLAI]"taOa ELOEQXE"tOl onlv rroAolO"tQa XOl rragor'1 QWvw~ "to EVTElOfLEvO flOQLO 1"'1S EQfla'ix~~ 0"t11Al1~ guna OV1101JXOS "tOy flEO fL~:n:WS EXEL avaol(11;w8El ESOlTlU( 10U ,TaoEow1Ou vWQo-u. 0 EQfLl1~ GJl:ovro. 010V ~'1A6"turro EQao"t~ on '] oruO'1 10U oXE"ti~E"tm flE flW /!uonlQwx~ Aa1QEla. H au8ogfl11ola ita 111 arrAO"t'1S n]~ agxaLx~~ LUfl~L x~S L6i:a~ E;(OUV ma xa8Ei. 0 lafL~o~ lOU KUnLfLo.XOU elvm OEOO
o

'Innapxo~ (ox 10 Ylo~ TOU nEIO"IOTpaTOu, aTT~w~ tva~ «KaM~", o wpaio<; r~~ ~~tpo~) ~a~EuCI aTO KaiplO a~~Eio ~ia cp~a'I'K~ OT~~'l, 0 ETTiKT~TO~ (aK~~ 520-490), 0 EPWTlKO<; ayycloypa1~~rMa ... (KOTTEYX6y~, Nalionalmuseel).

nAOlJTWV apna~E: UIV nE:pOE:¢OVl1 KOl 11 L!.~~.nlTpa aVa~l1TWVTOe; Tl1V KOPl1 Tl1e; S¢TOOE: OTl1 V EAE:UoLva KOl Ka81l0E: OlWnllA~ naVW OTIlV «aysAaOTTl nSTpal> Mia OUOE:IO~e; ypala, 11 16~61l, KaTOp8woE: ~E: TO aOE:~Va amda Tile;, TOUe; "la~60ue;l>, va naPllyop~OEI Til 6apunE:v 80uoa 8E:a. AUTO. a¢IlydTal 0 amoAoylKoe; ~u80e;. npay~aTl 01 pi~E:e; Tl1e; la~6IK~e; nolllOlle; 6ploKOVTOl (rne; naVapXOlEe; YOVl~IKSe; TEAnSe;, onou 6aoLAE:uE: 11 AOTPE:UTlK~ OlOXpoAoYLa, Ka8we; E:nLOlle; KOl OTIlv KOIVWVIK~ KPITlK~, nou OUOTSAAE:I TIlv u6pl TOU IOXUpOU. 'la~601 (11 At ~Il dVOl npOE:AAIlVIK~) OVO~a~OVTaV TO nOI~~OTa nou dxav Tl1 ~op¢~ ~OVOAOYWV KOl npaY~QTE:UOVTOV ~E: OKWnTlKO nVE:u~a KOl E:AE:u8Epla ~ouoa yAwooa 8s~aTO TTie; Ka81l~E:pIVOTl1TOe;:

SpWTEe;, 110una8E:1E:e;, na81l KOl na8~~OTa. H ~npIK~ ~Ovaoa Yla aUTO. TO nol~~aTO ~TOV Illa~6IK~ omoola (x-u-). TpEle; omoo[E:e; OUyKpoTOuoav {;vav la~61KO Tpl~npo. To ~s TpO aUTO 6PlOKE:TOl (OE: aVTl8E:Ol1 ~E: TOV E:~a~E:TpO) nOAu KOVTa mov ¢UOlKO pu8~o TOU npo¢oplKOU Myou, YI' aUTO aMWmE KOl XPllOI~O nOl~81lKE: KOl ma OlaAOYlKa ~tpll TOU Opa~OTOe;. LTl1V la~61K~ OtKO YSVE:la E:VTaOOOVTOl KOl 01 TpoxaiOl (TO aVTi01po¢o TOU la~60u) Kal 01 E:nWOIKSe; ouv8tOE:le;. 0 la~60e; anayyE:MOTOV ~E: KanOiO pU8~o, aAAQ xwple; ~E:AWOla (napaKaraJtoyrj). EVLOTE: 11 anaYYEALa aUT~, nou ~Tav Kan E:VOla~E:OO ~na~u aOE:We; KOl anA~e; npo¢opae;, oUVOOE:UOTOV ana unOKpouo111a~6uKIle; ~ KAE:l\Jla~60u. 110 npwul ¢opa la~601 anavTouv (EYKOTE:Onap~tvOi aVa~E:Oa 0E: E:~a~tTpoue;) oTOV «MapylTIll>, sva oKWnTIKO nolll~a anOOIOO~E:VO oTOV 'O~IlPO. 0 naAOlOTE:pOe; E:nWVU~Oe; la~60ypa¢0e; dVOl 0 ~E:yaAo ¢u~e; APXlAoxOe;. AAAOI orl~avTlKol la~60ypa¢0l dVOl 0 LIl~wviolle;, o LOAWV, 0 Innwva~ KOl 0 AVaVIOe;. AK~~ TOU la~60u dVOl 0 70e; Kat o 60e; al. LTIlV KAaolK~ E:nOX~ we; aUTovo~O AOyOTE:XVIKO dooe; 6ploKETOI OE U¢EOll· LTIlv aAE:~aVOplv~ la~60ypa¢la 11 au8op~1l0La Kal TO nllyaiov unoxwpouv o1TJv TSXVIl Kal TIlv EK~~TIlOll. H 8E~aToypa¢la WOTOoO qmAoUTl~E:TOl. 'ETOl 0E: la~60ue; EK8tTouv 0 KaML~axoe; Tle; nOlllToAOYIKSe; TOU 8E:wplE:e; Kal Ta ~U80AOY~~OTa TOU, 01 KUV1KOl TIe; ¢IAOOO¢IK{;e; TOUe; «DlaTpI6te;», 01 aVOlOXUVTOypa¢OI ne; apPl1ToAoyiEe; TOUe;, 0 Maxwv TIe; yaoTplf./apYlKSe; TOU ~ayyavdE:e;. LE: XWAla~60ue; ouv8tTEI TOUe; ~L~oue; TOU 0 Hpwvoae;. Em¢avE:ie; la~60ypacpOl Tlle; aUToKpOTOpIK~e; E:nOx~e; E:iVat 0 ~u80ypa¢0e; Ba6plOe; Kat 0 IPllYOplOe; 0 Na~laV~IlVOe;. rAwooa TOU npOAOyOTE:XV1KOU la~6ou ~TQV 11 IWVl K~ OlaAEKTOe; Tile; Ka811~E:pIV~e; ~w~e; E:~nAOUTlO~SVIl ~E: OUVOTSe; E:VWnWTlKSe; EK¢paOEle; Kat E:UaVaYVWOTEe; ~E:Ta ¢opse; 0 APXlAOXOe;, nou Ul\JWVE:1 TOV aUTOOXE:Ola01IKO ia~60 OE: AOyOTE:XVIKO dooe;, KaTa¢E:UYEI Kat OTIlV EnIK~ napaOOOll, ano¢E:uYOVTOe; 6t6ata TO ~Il lWVlKa mOlxda (AX OlOAlo~OUe;) nou nPOOlOla~ouv 010 E:nIKO u¢oe;. IE:V1Ka 11 yAwooa TOU la~60u Eivat TE:XVIlT~ ~E: IWVIK~ 60.011·

0 LOAWV 8a 8S0E:l apyoTE:pa we; 6aOll Tile;

la~6IK~e; TOU nOllloTle; Tl1V ATTlK~ OlaAE:KTO. ~

52

Iryv 15' t:rJro<; a{Jpry xam:wa' tydvaro, ~ {)OV}.l' fpya xai /jin]v ,TEplr(Jt,TE',

xovr' iiI' /lUI. lIt; l/JaVaElE:V, oitu )l.oa~avov a(JElD', OitrE XO.T(JOV 1:$ Oli!OU {Ja).o" oiiu :r(Jo<; IJTVOv aa{JoX'/Y a).£O/lE:vq i'~Olr'. avaYi!!] b' avb(Ja Jro,Eiral lfJiAOV J.oma' bi ,Ta01/<; T]/li{J'l<; liJro ev:rov bi<;, ri))'o'u r(Ji<;, xal /lU(JOI<; a).£irpcra" al~1 Iii laiu/v oo£:llw/lb,'lv pOpEL {JafJEiav, avOi/low,v i(J}(laa/li:vqv. xaMv /lEv iiI' OE,,/la rOlallr7J yvv7} riJJ.oUfl, r.w /j' £XOVTl yil'craL Kaxov, .. • .. , ,., _ r 1/1' /l1J rt; IJ Tl!(Jawo; 1/ UI<1/Ttrozrt0t;!J, Dun<; rowvro,; (JV/lOv ayAa~£Tal.. tl}!lwyilill;, 7, 57·70 (West). Mel ry yvvaixa YEVla nWXEl roD Moyov, ra oovA,xa xai n"ocrrvxa l"ya rpevyel" Iw)JjnEr"a xai XOOXlVO M yyi~el ri]v >
Ii<; oprpI.lJ.I'/TO/lO<; aE rol' blO:r}.ijya Elf!I'/Oc xaJrv.ovat:1' aoy.a(Ji~ovra; Inrrwvut" (moan. 19 (West). nov va OE XtX1/!El 0 !Jia<;1 now arpaJ.oxocpTQa OE EAovoe I
o

Innwvat, 0 EcpEOLOC; (60C; aL), 0 EUQE1:~C; TOU XW)"Ct~(~OU,

YQO<:PEl nOL1101l nou O,O!;fl 'Pawaxl, yw,t 11 OXA11Q~ 1A0Lga

wu OtEQ110E t1]v OlAoQCjJcCt, wv J(AOVW XaL tOY EQWta. H

YAwooa ,ou ELVaL 1] xu80pLAOU!J.Evll !wvlxl1 xm pOAl(JT.a

,ou xoveQov Aaou. O, sEVEC; ),ESElS (naAjW,: [3aotAttX" [3i

1<0<;' 'ljJWj.I')' Ot AOLOOQLEC;, Ol ~WfLOAOXLCC;, W xaxEy<:paT(J. XaL

11 JTA118wQa tuJV oQWv nou nEQlYQaCjJouv oWfLauxEC; A.fl

,0uQYLeC; J(QOOOLOOUV ow EX<:pQaouxo wu oQyavo J(OAU

XQw~lLa xaL naQamauxon1w. LW JrQOXELfLEVO anooJ(a

o~La, 0 WIA0C; QWALOflOC; '11C; J(EQL'YQUtvrlC; TOU vEOyEV\1]1:0U

rrou lOLQLl;€L XaL OXLQTCt ma XEQLG' tqC; ~lUfW~C; mm[vEl:aL

ceno Ouo xmaQEC;. H oVV(J.1V'1 al: rav own}_Jjya OIwaLvEL

rrov va OE xa1/!H xeQavvo, rov Llia. H EQ(lml011 ri, a,arpa

}.I'/ro/lo, Em~LCi)VEL OTIlv xQ11nx11 xmoQu now 0' arpw,oxo

1/!c; nou 011!J.a[vEl: nOta ljrav 7J ,uG',u,ulj nov oe (30ljOI'/OE va

'gOEc, arov "OU/lO ym va rl'/v xaraQacrrw. EVLo1:e 0 )(nw·

QWflevoc; 8ewQEL tllV EX tWV nQOtEQwv Et,axQi/3wol1 neQlt

1:11, !.lW X(J.L 11 xmoQu 8u ~QEl wv moxo 1:11C; (~A. 'IcrroelXo

A c~tx6, A. acpa},oxo{Jw):

I
xClXoXQaXH nova' acpoJ.ol
tXOLXO va ra1] awaEl anav a' wpa.i..oxo(3ye l (KQ~tll).

°

ITfQ[rruoto '1a/i(30v x(m'! YVValXWV 0 L11flUJVL011C; 0 Af.tOQyLVOC; (!J.Eoa 70u IlL.;) eX8€tCl fua OELQcl a),AOXOtEC; yuvwxoyovies' OWY 0 8eoc; EnAaoe '11 yuvaLxa ELXE WC; rrQonmo ylCt tIl YOOtQonLa (aAAO. XaL y,a 1:11V qlCjJCtVWll OE OQWflEVEC; :tEQlJr"OO ll;) tllC; x08:; !,wC; Eva OTOlXELO HIC; (pu, 011, 11 i:va (00. nCtQE~ 't11C yuvaixaC;-flEAwoa, nou ELvm OVVEnl xm rrQoxo~lfLEv11, OMs OL OnES (CITEQ'!Ct!;OVl:aL. lAc ),O'!La xen IAE EQya 1:11V xClwQgaxWo1'] 1:11C; lJJTOA~lVllC; XaL eqv OLXOvo~LLxrl xc!l:aotgo '111'1 TOU aul;uYOlJ. Na E1!l' JTuga- •. odWau 11 'Yuva[xa-<:pogaoo.: VClL ELVaL (,JQaLo, ana ovvayn EivaL CjJuyorrovl1, CjJLAogwx11, 'IrUXQ~ WL rrohi1;0011-0 «ao rrQoc; EHq;ac;", TO material girl X(J.TE~OX~V. 042u,01/l0YoC; rrOLllniC; ELVaL 'fLQECPWVO pLac; enox~c; XaL wac; XOLVWVLX~C; tCt~11C; nou )(C.lT.O.tguXE1:(J.L OJ"[o avclOCjJa),tta. H YAWllOU TOU Ll]flWVLOl] ELVaL 11 JWVI1{~ (JJv aVtL ovv, Oil'//la aveL Oia,aa) y.E OQlOf'EVOUS Opl]QlO~LOUC; oro AEsLAOylO)(aL til oVVWS'l· LWV

Ic JTCplOaoTcpou<; 0"0 CKaTO a~'I'opci<; TaU "p6.J1~ou ~cAavo~op-· 'l'ou pue~oiJ cIKovl~OVTOI KOI a"o TI<; ~iJo nAcupt<; T~<; KOIA,a<; TaU ayyclou a AOI~o<; Jl& T~V nAoiJOia xaiTn KOl TO KC'I'aAl CVO<; aAoyou. H nopaOTao~ To"oecrciTal ~toa oc ~io ~crO"~ ITOU ~£VC1 66a
M. Z KOnlMKHI

53

01

illAAEKTOI

THt

AOrOTEXNIAt

MEAOI (MONnAIA) [JQj}£ f}pTJlxi7J, ri li~ pE J.050V oppaur (JAbrovoa V7J)iwq rpEVyElq, lioxEiq lit 1" ovliiv Eiliivul oorpov; "[rrf:Jr ro~ xaUjjq}liv ell' TOr rov Xa},IVOV Ep(1aAOLfJL, ~viaq li' qwv urpEf(!orfJi 0' ap'Pi riQfJara li{!opov· vVv bE hlfJwva, rE (160X£01 xofhpa rE Iml(!rwoa Jruil;w;,

&5£01' yiLp t.y;rO;;rtifiTfl' oux f.(ELq &YEfJ(JarTfv.

llOV},OgL mro TTJ eguX'1

YWTi,uE j3Ai:nw; Itt r7JV CIi
,uanav %r u011Jaxva CPEVYE~;

Na sEQELr;, wQuia ea IlJlOPOVOU

ro Xa},LVI)[iL ya oov j36J,w.

2CPlXni xQaTWVWr; ra },ouQu:!

ea 0' iorQEcpu orov OQOflOV nr; %UflJlEr;,

TW!2Ci fJommr; oro. Ar(3
XL o.wUucppu XOQOTrTJO<1r; XW Tro.iI;ELr;.

Ano oJ-oya 0 xa(3aJ.6QTJr; OOV

GEySEQE£.

A VUXQfWV, 335 (LGS). QS au),LxoS 1l0U1l~; 0 AvaxQEwv (572 -4S5) UIlYYjOE lLS xa QES HIS t,(O~S, 101' EgWW xaL 10 xgaol. H aVelAa
o

°

°

ITO aTTlKO ~£),ov6~opq>0 TlIVOKIO

(520-510 n.X.), nou

ono~i~£

TOI OIOV oyy£loYPoq>o TOU ~ioKa KOt 6pi:61]K£ OTO Vulei T1]~ ETpoupia~, naptaTovovTOl aU),1]Tpi~o KOI Kw~aaT~, nou q>opa

yuyolK£ia £yOUIlGlo. 1e nap6~ole~ oYY£loypaq>i£~ ~Ia £TlIypa Ijl~ TauTi~£1 KOnOlay an6 TOU, 81]),u~pi£, Kw~aaTt~ w~ AYaKpt

OVTO. !l£y £ivol orri8ayo ),omov Kal £~w 'Iwya ~£),onolo nou ~p8£ ~£TO TO

522

"a

rrpOK£ITaI Yla TOY

aT1]V Aa~va w~ rrpoaK£

K),~Ili:yO~ TOU Imrapxou, n6VTW~ ~ £T£poq>u),£v~uaia ~£v ~TaY oaUY~8laT1] aTou~ KW~OU~, ara au~rroalo

II".'

a£ op,a~i:y£~

8p1]aK£unKt~ T£),£Tt~ (80at)'£ia, Antikenlnuseum und Sam

mlung Ludwig).

54

Lu~cpwva ~£ TOV ~uSo Tl AUpa £lVQl £cp£uPTl~a TOU EPI1~· O~ TlX£lO XPllOI~onO(Il0£

0 S£O~ TO KOIAO KaUKOAO X£Awva~ Kat W~ xop6s~ SVT£pa 6001WV. npWTO~ KISapw06~ ~Tav 0 AnOAAWV ana TOU~ S£OU~ Kat 0 Op
Kat 11 XSAu~. LTTlV apXatOTTjTa, AUPIK~ £lVQl 11 nOlllOTJ nou OUVOO£U£TOI ana unoKpouoll Aupa~. AvaAoya ~£ TOV Tpono £KTSA£OTl~ TWV nOlll~aTwv olaKplV£Tat O£ XOPlK~ (noAucpwvlK~), nou £KT£A£lTal ana nOAUI1£A~ xopo KOI O£ ~ovwo[a (solo), nou w~ npOOWTIlKOT£pO £l00~ £KT£A£lTat ana TOV 1010 TOV nOlllT~. H ~ovwo[a £lVQl TO KaT£~OX~V £l00~ TIl~ ~£ 11 onola £Kcppa~£l npOOWTIlKS~ OUYKIV~O£I~, Ta "KIV~ l1aTa TIl~ LjJux~~" KQl ouv£nw~ aVTlOTOlX£l 11£ Til oUYXPOVIl AUPIK~ nolllOTl. 0 opo~ I1£AIK~ (ana TO "~SAO~") anOKaAUnT£1 Til oT£VOTOTIl OXSOll TIl~ noilloll~ aUT~~ 11£ TIlI10UOIK~ Ta I1SAIl £vo~ ~WVTOVOU op yavlo~ou napsxouv TIlv £VTunwoll TIl~ ou~~np[a~. AVTlOTOixw~ ~ia ~OUOlK~ ouvS£OIl Oll~IOUPY£l OTO £~aoKIl~svo aUTI TllV aloSIloll ~la~ aKouoTlK~~ OUl1l1npia~ 'ETaI Aomov 11 M~Il J1£AOC; n~p£ KOI ~la aMIl oTl~aola: J10UOIKO K0J1J10Tl Kal KaT' mSKTaoll TO £vap~OVIO~SVO 0' aUTO a06I1£VO noil7J1Q. 0 nMTWV OP1~£l TO I1SAO~ W~ oUYK£ll1£VO ana TOV AOyO, TrlV ap~ovia (~£Awola) KQl TOV puSl1o. 111l1110Upyol TOU SVT£XVOU ~SAOU~ S£WpOUVTat 0 AAKaio~ Kalil Lan
11

OTPOcp~.

To ~SAO<; snelo~ aKpl6w<; ec;s
LJdirt pO! vii'aov niJ,OJro~ )'iJUlY1:E~, Jrai&~ i'q;(}tfJOi jio~ ~oi A~oa" EWO(JJ OVfJ(JJ Jr(!orpaVTjrE, Kaaro(! xai n O;'VOWY.E~·

01' xaT' m(!l/av XOOva :
wuovywv O(!r!)UXOVTE, ix' a%(!1Z VlZWV mjJ.oOev MfJJr(!ot Jf(!orov' 6vr(!ixovrc~ a(!"/aJ.ip. (j' tv vV)/Tt q;ao~ 'f!i(!ovu~ vai pdu.iv(l·

Ahuioc;,34 (PLf).

Ko.orw(! >Wt flo}.vO£V%IJ, 'Ita Xo.elJ /lOV EOW EMu aq)/jvo vrac; rou fli20Jra rlJ v~oo, Jlwi5w roy Llia Xat rlJ~ Il~o([e; i5vvarci, ItE oJlJ.axvv{)j xaqOw CPQvEiu. EOell; navOJ aJlo Jl},cmic; aUQLi~ 1
o AAxo.ior; (Y€W'101jltQLV '[0 630-20), yovoC; agWToxgo'[Wv 11jr; M1Jtll~Vl1r; lto)'€!1'10E wv ruQavvo M\lQolAo, aUci >tal TOV lto).mxo oLaHax111 (CLL01J~LV~,[~) ilmoxo. To. JtOL~VCl '[(1 '[0\1 EtVaL UVVOL oroue; Ocoue;, (J1)!1ITouxCt, Q€ OJ1IXCt :XaL omoLOJuXCt (ltOAm:XO'lJ mQL€XO~I€VO\l). H ITOLnO~ rou OCLU flCtt,€1m YLa '[I'] ~Q("X\J).oyla, '[I'] O€LVOrl']TU, '[I']V qbvt'1Ta XaL 111 oClqlllV€LCt "l<;. L,[I']V aQxmOt'1W JtLat€\laV au 0 K6mwQ XaL 0 110).\lOEU :XI]<;, OL 6LOOXO\lQQI., F1LtyOVtt,OVTUV wr; )..aJ.l1C€QOt OOTEQ[S onr; xOQl:'P··; '[OJV XOTOQUWV '(lO va ITQomm€JjJo\lv to\le; Oo).aoooooQ!t£VOUC;. LW V€o'[€Qo XQOvw. Ol qJwmvot «(\)lDt OUOOVOl, ltOU oqJ€U,OVTOl O€ '1).€XtQLl<€C; E'XX€VWOElt; '[llC; a1!IOOqJOI.QOr; OVO~U1t,OVWl OJ,o taUr; 'EA).llV€C; VU\lUKO>J; «TEAWVLW> XQL alto TOllS SEvO'U; «q;«iTtCt. 10U /\.'/i,OlJ 'E)'!J.o1J>\, o A;'.. XlltOC, ),OIJtOv. un~.a.ML'[m "1 ~O~O€LO tOlV 6LOOXOU QWV. «,vm,vd·?l. lrQ(I'l'flon 10 {lXclcpOr; tOll lIOLqll]: To ;nOavo'[EQo ril'aL an ltgoxmm YIO O),).111'0gtO: OHOrrO; Elvm o).6X).11Q11 11 lto),11 t11e; M\JrL),~vllC; KaL '[gLY.lJILLo. 0 !€ 1(PU).LOc; orw.gay~to; ovu!tcoa omu; UQLOtaXQOt€C; ElUt gOll; '[0\1 AAxoiou XaL atOv tugawo MUQoi),o. To. Wi((XO XClQOXt11Qlatll.O tau ),wBwxou lOuUflawc; 'tllr; AW),LX~C OlOAEXWU, to OITOtO aITovwvv OTO ItOi1111Ct. ELVIlL: H OlUt11Qlj0'1 tou ITQ(J)tO'(VooEuQwn;a'(xou !lo.XQOU a (va aov), 0 ovo~Lj)ao!10C; '1:OlJ tOvou (.1.brovue;), '1 o.JtWMW "1; iiaoELa; (frmw v ) , O€ JwgaYOJyLxE£ xOW).~~€I.C; IJ CIVtt H (evQllaJ'), Jrawav OVlt naoav, -0I.e; ant-ove; (av(j(;niiJrol,), w ovtt ov o'[11','[VlXll (8avarw), ~ anl (5 O11']v aQX~ OQu:r~I€' VOJV )i~rwv: !;a)/QvoEvroc;, 00 aVet t €vro; tWV ).li"€OJv: evoovywv, nry},/J8ev OVtL rlJ},ofJEv, ant avo.. ovrQixn. vrEe;. To ~OE XaL to Qija XaL 0 AOyOWlTOC; fJrlVo.rw !;axQuoe vroc; (JtQ~J.. 'lJ.uJ.t;, E 737) L€ VUt £:;uxa atOtxnu.

opO)'

To XO'KIVO OU~TT,cy~a TTOU npotpXCTa, ano Koplv8,aK6 cpva aT~plo (60, 01.) 6pt8nKC aTn I\WM1VIl, vcapo, av£vclo, ova 60T~, TO 1875, KO' TO 6paxuawl'0, aUo a'l'Plvn).o a).OVOKI TO 1935. ·O~w, ,"nta, ~a, 15cv ,"ITCUEI ITpO, TO ITapov TO 15,KO TOU O).OVO, nou 6plaKCTO' aTo Aou6po, aUo TO o).OVO TOU a15£). 'l'OU TaU (ITpOKC'Ta, TTpO'l'OVW, Via TOU, l\,oaKOUpou,), TOV oIToia KaTtX£I (]K6~n ara on).CXVa Til, ~ «uai~oo, Vaio » (A8~va, E8vIKO APXOlO).OV'KO Mouacio),

°

°

vy

M. Z KOnlMKHI

55

01

IlIAi\EKTOI

THI

i\OrOTEXNIAI

XOPIKH nOIHIH OUI< [m' hviJoC; J~oyoC; o~roc;, oNj' [!Jac; b vI/wiv wuuiJ..f/OtC;

oub' lxco JrEpyaf/a TQoia;. 1:n\lJixoQor;, «'Ewo.: "UlIVl]Jl)lU~>,

UltO(J7t. 62

(LGS).

avamUxSIlKf. Of. OWplK£e; nf.plOx£e;, Il XOP1K~ nO[IlOll· npOKf.1TOI Yla tva ouvSno KaN\IT£xvll~a: xopoe;, ~OU01K~ KOl Tpayouol (J.1oAmj),

'fJif'ara, 1jJif'w:a'

LlEV f'mj;w;; ora xaqciflta f'E fO YfQO O%UQi,

Or1' icpraoEC; ora "clOTQa fl/C; TQwciOac;.

o T€UJlas

H OWPIK~ nOAI1E;[a Of.V f.KnOlOf.Uf.1 aUTf.~OUOlOUe; KOi noAunpoY~OVf.e; noA[Tf.e;, aMo nf.1Sapxrw£voue; nOAf.~IOT£e;. AnalTd OUV8nWe; Hlv nA~PIl unoTOY~ TOU OTO~OU OTO OUVOAO KOi f.uvod TIlV o~aolK~ npo anOSf.la. Mf. aUTO TO nVf.u~a OUVOOf.1 Kal TO AOYOTf.XVIKO dooe;, nou

ollAao~ Il OAOKArlPW~£VIl £Kpaoll TWV K1VIlI..IOTWV Tile; avSpwmvlle;

° Ifl€goioS

(632-556) Xf(JOWE 10 ovolla LTIJOl xo(Jor;, f;trI0~ axgL~wr; rr(JuHoolcnY]oE O1Y]v E~€)"t!;Y] IOU xogLXOU OO~Lmo;: E1ILV01l0E IY]V EJIWOLxl11QLaOo, EX~W),, ),EUIy]X€ 10 rr)"ouol(t oguXEi.a IT]<; Emx~r; IlU80)"OYLX~r; rwgoOOOY]r;, xm rr)"olHLoE W aygOLxLxeJ. owgLxa 1Y]; XOgL X11r; rroiY]oY]r; ~IE oavELa Grro 10V Eo-UY,a \£i;L),OYIXO 81loaugo. M,ynm em xorWIE rrou xw~0)"aY1l0f OE IlLav WOll IY]V Qgala E)"fyy] IUlrl,w8y]XE. 'O~IWr; lOlOr; xawvol10E 10 ocp611la IOU xm ouv€8WE Il]V «rra)"LvQJoiav», arrou LOXUQl 01l1XE on Daglr; ElXE (((Jrra~EL flOVO 10 «oLOW),OW I1']S! 'E1OIO nOtl111lr; ElOE ~((va 10 cpwr; IOU tl)'LOU.

°

°

ljJux~e;

nOTp[oa Hle; XOpLK~e; nOIIlOlle; Sf.WpdTOl Il LnopTIl TOU lou aL., nou TOTf. aKO~1l Of.V ~TOV OKuSpwn~ Kat ~evo061l, aAAQ f.VOlaLTIl~a TWV Mouowv. LTIlV apIOTOKpaTlK~ Kal f.KAf.muo~£vll aUT~ nOAIl, 0 M0610e; aOl06e; Hpnavopoe; nf.lpa~aT[~naL OTllv KISapwo[a KOi 0 IW VIK~e; KOTaywy~e; Lapolavoe; AAK~OV Sbf.1 Tie; 6oof.le; YIQ Tllv avomu ~Il Tile; XOpIK~e; no [11 Olle;· ApyOTf.pa, OTav ma Il LnopTIl oPyavwv8TOl Of. OTpOTOKpaTlK~ KOlVWVLa, Til OKUTOAIl avaAa~6avouv 01 6wplde; Tile; Mf.yaAIle; EM60ae;. 0 LTIlO[XOpOe; a I~f.paioe; f.nlVOIl0f. TIlV 8nW OIK~ Tpl60a (OTPO~, aVTIOTpo~, 8nw06e;) KOi KaSl£pWOf. we; Sf.~aTl KO a~ova TOU XOpLKOU oo~aTOe; TOV l1uSO Yla Sf.OUe; Kat ~pWf.e;. LTllv KOPUWO~ TOU OOIlYOUV TO AUP1KO aUTO f.[Ooe; Tpf.le; nOIIlT£e; nou Of.V dVOI OWpLK~e; KQTaywy~e;, 0 LII1WVLOIle; 0 Kdoe;, 0 aVLljJLoe; TOU BaKXu A[OIle; KOi TO «Mouoowv if.p6v OTOl..la», 0 nlvoapoe;. APXIKO, 11 YAwooa Tile; XOpIK~e; nOIIlOlle; ~Tav 11 6WPLK~ Tile; nf.AO

11f. KOnOlQ f.mKO OTOlxda. 0 M061Oe; Hpnavopoe; XPWI10

TlOf. 11f. TIlV ALOALK~ OIOAf.KTO TOU TO OWpLKO nOiIlTlKO

f.mVOlllla. 'ETOI ~Oll OTOV AAKI10Va ana 6ir VTOUV OSOVOI OlOAI01..10 [ (AX rtJatvva:

rtJaelv~, ~[a ana Tie; XOpITf.e;). 0 Ap[wv 0

MIlSUI1Va[oe;, a LTIlO[XOpOe; KOi 0 '16uKOe;,

novv~oou,

AOYW Tile; Sf.l1aToypO[oe; TOUe;, f.l1nAOUTI

Til OIOAf.KTO 1..If. aK6~1l f.VTOVOTf.PO f.m

KO-IWVIKO OTOlxda. 'ETOI Ola~OPwV8TOl I1lQ

Unf.pTOmK~ KOlV~ Tile; XOpIK~e; nO[IlOlle;,

nou dVOI KpOl..la ana OWplKO (Il 60011),

OlOALKO KOi WLKO OTOIxda H I..ILKT~ aUT~ ~TOV KQTavOIlT~ ana OAOUe; TOUe; 'EMIlVf.e;. AKOI..IIl f.VTOVOTf.,)() sm'\O LWV1KO XPWI..IOTL0I..I0 npo08bouv 0 LL~wvIOIle; KaL 0 BaKxuALolle;. LTO onlKo XOplKO 00110 TOU opo~aToe; 0 OWpLKOe; xapaKT~pae; £Xf.L aOUVOTIOf.1 TOOO nOAu wOTe va KaTaA~~f.1 Of. OU116aoll. 0 nlvoapoe; £OTW KOi ~f. napOxwp~Of.le; OTllv 8nIK~ «avanOAOlWVf.I» 1..If. owpda OUOTIlPWV OWPIO~WV Til I1lyooa OIOAf.KTO nou nop£Ao6f. ana TOV LII1WVlOIl. Ano TO Of.UTf.PO ~1110U TaU SOU at. TO 110AQI..IOTO ~f. TO onola OpTWVOUV 01 OIl~IOUPYOI TOU «V£ou 018up01..l60u» KOl TWV KI8opW01 KWV «No~wv» TO npoowno Tile; of.~vonp8nOUe; XOpIK~e; noillOIle; Of.V f.lVOl napoll Vf.KP1K~ npoown[oa TaU dooue;. ea. ~OUV

AvamUYlla ano napaOTOO~ xopou (e~l av~pe~ )Je enJKe
56

"Ecrtl

fl,

uuiJ'V riat,·

o{j' iiJ.jJLO" oun; rorppwv al'£Uav [{jI)a;TUXEt

tixMwroq' c'ywv {j' ciEi{jw

to

f\ )'1&iJ, rpw" Ql!W F' wr' aJJ.1W, Qv;Ul! Ii/llv A )'1,)6 /la!'rUl!ITat rpaiV1Jv, t/li 15' our' c,Talvijv vine /lW/l~uOal 'VI'V ti xkwti l.0!!ayo, vv{j' rJ/lW, iijl' {joxel yiu} ~/llV ailra beJr{J£Jr~, rw, iiJJrtt!

arn,

tv penol, QTacm£v !:Jr.-rov JrayOv ci£OJ.orpo(}Ol' xavaxa;ro{)a rwv VitO;r£t(}IO!wv OV£lllWl'.

nai(}vouv £xoi"ryory Ot Ow!.

'0 A{3LOr;, onmor; ovl'cra

nAix£< w, ro dAOr; ro vfJl.la rfJr; I:;w~r;

XWQi, va "J..6:l/m. Na, xat £yw r(}ayav6w

co cpw, rry, Aylow,. Tryl' {3},inw oav

COl' 1J,LO, nau £xoil'ry rav xaJ..d

va ;.ta, rpwrw£t. E;.tiva yta rryv AYLOW

ry saxouor~ AyryotxoQa O£v,u' acp1v£t our£

xW.o ouu xaxo AOYO va nw.
Xt ano ;.toV'fJ rryr; va s£xwQil:;£1 oav va 'QtXV£

xavoi, iJ.£r; o£ "omiot

(L),0Yo 6uvar6 irOAU Xt a£OJ..ofPoQo,

o£ s£xoucpaiv£t a xaJ..Jrao;.tor; rou,

€va wro ra oV£t(}a fa cpu(}wra..

o HPOKA~, noAtu£1 ~t

Tal' TpiTWVO KOI 01 N~p~i~t, XOptUOUV. LTo WWT£PIK6 T~, KuA'KO, on6 T~V TOpKuvio (yupw
AJ.xlluv, 1, 36-49 (LGS),

LW 1855 11 acoQYlY.~ ay"w.Ala. r~e; myurrnax~e; Eg~~lOV !Jae; XaQWE Evav JlanvQo

tOU 10v al. [LX (t~)Qa q)1)),a.aaE1Cll mo i\01)~QO), 0 onoioe; OWatO~El Exm6 rrE

glnov (an6 tOVe; 140;) mLXOVe; UJl6!::vu fIaQ8EvELOV tOV A),x!Juva. ITQ6xmm

YlU [LlU «cptAOAOylXlj ExOoall" tOV rra),m61£Qov ,LOvomQoq;txoV nOl~~LatOe;

nov !Jue; oCO~Etm.

A YVWO,Ee; JluQa[LEvOVv Ol rr£QlmaOELe; y,m 0 oxo1t6c 111e; OlOaoxaHuc;

tOU [[aQ8EvEiou. '[owe; vu 1wgaata8TpcE OE xarrola «bW~at~gLa» H)·.E

t~, 61tOU W y.OQLWLa yLvovwv oEx,a mol' X60~LO IWV WQl!JWV yLU ya~Lo

yuVaLxWv. To noL11.UU aQXl~E (m8av6ww) IJE Errl~.)'lloll mLe; MouaEe;,

uxo),ou80uauv OVO flu8aAOYlXC; OLT]'I~OEl(; 7W.gaoELY~lunxou xagu

xl~ga, T] Xo8E IJla urro tV; orralES bJoftVE ,UE IJW YVO)~t~, EV ElOEt 118lxov

Eltl!lU8l0U. To. 3/4 W01:000 cou O1Jvo),ou, oT]),ao~ to w8auto xogtx6,

xun-:),alJ~avuv EUIQurrE),LES, XUQt£vnO~tOL, aXXtO~lOL -ae; 1J11v ~EXVOU!JE

J((u; OL Mo XOQOl XOQLWLWV oWyOJVli;OV1aL 0111IJOUOLX~, wV XOQo XaL 10

tgayouor.. [().AO ouYXg6vwe; m~v XOIJ\jJOt11W XUlI11v o~lOgcpLCt. Xogomo

n; ELVUl II ~UV8LO A'(rlolx6Qa, £mxEcp((i,)j;~~tLl.oglou ~ )'U!J11EQlj A'ILOW.

;\LaW XUL ),cl~L'1J1') XaL ~E'ivOLuaLCt J[)'ll~lflU(JL~01JV 10 1I1£Q6EV tEXvo-uQY11fla tOu

AAxIlCtva.

EaaT] T~e; y),woaae; tOU AAx[Lavo. ELVUl [LLa UCPllQllIlEvIJ, Oll)'UO~ ~1f1:Qlonu8£otal11

XWQLS AUXWVLOIJOUe; IJOQ'P~ IT]; L'.WQIX~e; OlUAExtOU. A1taV10UV, wcn600, xm O,OLXEla

UlOAlXU (mo XEl~lEVO!JUe;: xACVl'a rwr[ "AElvil) xm eJtlXU, 61twe; Errl lIugaO£Lwau 11

OUVC1.1jl''l &rnov nayov a£02acp6Qav, 1TOU rrQO£QXE1Ul UUtOUOlU ano TIll' 'lAta.oa (I

123) 0 Ivrro; ou;;v (ow,: eEO,) Elvm ~E~mu uXQmq.vole; ),uxwvLx6c;, o),Aa rra),v [LE

WYEVEO'TEQOe; TOU Ah[Lclva. H 1tQacpoQu wu OJ; a (OLO~, ;raQoivor;) E[LCPUVl~f1:aL

.LLO),~ ml;·(1QxF.~ IOU '401' (ll. H :FlQ0 ala. wu' m;o ;<"IIJEVO o({':li-nuc a1:11 Ola[lAc,JTlY,il

~LO.VlU IWV A),fsavoQLVUJV cfL)·,a),0ywv.

H APnArH TH2: E/lENHl:;

AlvLY~La U~EOlcl),UW anoIE),EL 11 ouvo\jJT] rwv V;rOJIHQLOiwv OvdQWv. Av 8ElOQ~OOU

LTa y£w~£TprK6 "AauT~pro" (750·700 n.X.) an6 T~ G~6a tva,

flE, O;\W; 0 'Igu~lflunxo; H(JUJowvoC;, on TO lmo;r£tl}ii5LO~ 1tQOEgXETUl arro 10 uno

a'I'Tpa~ a~~y£i ~ra yuvaiKa navw OTa nAoia, nau £ivOi tT01~O va

mrQi6LOr; 16tE TO VOllflC( ELVOl: EVU a",6 W qJ1:EQWICt l"\'~l.Qa .. Av xQaT~Om;iJ~ 10

ananAtua£1. H KaSt ~aviJlia T~, naAunp6awn~~ napa
viroJ"C£r(}i6LO~ tOIE 8u 1tQoxmm 'I'G w [LE011~L£QLUVcl OVElgU 1tOU ~Ab:01JV GaOL XOL

£lvOi unaTay~tv~ aTO Q"uvoAa, xwpi~ wOT6ao va xaver T~V au·

Tavo~ia T~, (I\av~iva, BP£TOVIK6 Moua£ia).

[LOUV1Ul 10 xU),OXUlQL xCtTUJ a11:o l11v JraXLCt oxw. TWV ~QCtxwv.

e

M. Z. KOrlIMKHL:

57

01

LlIAAEKTOI

THr

AOrOTEXNIAr

EnlrPAMMA l.-rij(J! i
o

To 1laQ(lltavw E1lLYQaflfla ELvm XaQGWEvO lJE aTIlXO a/.cpa ~~,o itaVDJ lJ' tva oxa>-[ a1lo 'tT]V aQxaLa ~aOTl EVO; E1lL1:Ufl ~LOU xouQou (yUQw Otl): 530) ana no:QLCLVO flaQ~mQo 1l0U ~Qt8TlXE Ol:TlV Avu~uooo . VEXQO; /.OlJl:OV cptQEl W OVO~lo. wu cptAOJ,.11vOr; ~aotAu't 1:Tlr; AuoLar; 0 XQ. KaQou~or; lJW AvOo},oYTJ/la 8r)oavewv rov EOv!xov MOVOEWV, Ol'][l. 57 a-~, lJTlflElWVEl: «0 xaIJ,L1:tXV71r; 1:0U KQOLOOV ELva! a'1:I.xo;: 0 oQyavLlJ!-Lo; ELVaL ~t~aLCL gWI.wM:O;, [... J GAW T] alo8T]OTl ytO 'Tl AEll:Ougy(a EVO; OQYU VLlJlLOU 1l0U qJavEQwvEWL rrgorruY1wv on; aQ8QwoEl; xal mLS !-LaAaxtr; flnu~aoELr;, Tl a~Q~ E1ll0EQllloa, nov O!!Wr; vita XOUEl O,OV EOWl:EQlXO oXEAno, XMOLU [laAaxO'tT]W, nou r~ ~AtitOVI'E XC!.l 01:11V XOfl11, 11 XO!!1jJ0'TlW ,WV 1!EQlygullflU1:WV, nov qJavEQwvoUV 'TlV fV1atlX~ OlOYXWOl'] il W O(P(~lflO 1:WV Ol:OlXElWV wu oQyavLlJflOU -tva nVEufla ),OlJtOV 1l0U ouv6uo ~El 'TlV nOLOl:lX ~ fXJJ:nWVOl'] xal apgo'11w flE 1:T]V uOCjl
o

rlQ va KPOHISd 11 ~.lV~Ill1 TaU VEKpOU ~WVTOV~, YlQ va dvOl TO KAEO<; TOU OVOSETI1 O<1>SLTO, yLO va 0l1AwSd 11 KUplOTI1TO ~ 11 VOIl~, ~TOV OVo yKI1 va xopoXSd novw OTOV TO<1>O, 010 ovoSI11l0 KOL 010 XPl101LKO OKEUO<; 1110 EmYPo<1>~. H EJlJlETPI1 EmYPo<1>~ nou oUJl6iwVE JlE TO OVTL KdJlEVO Ele; TOV OLWVO oVOJlO~OTOV WIYPOIlIlO. To JlETPO TOU EmYPOJl JlOTOe; dvOl TO EAEYELOKO Oi01LXO. EmYPOJlIlOTO OE E~OJlETpOUe;, OE IOJl60ue; KOl OE Tpoxoioue; OUVI01OUV E~OlPEOEI<; TOU KOVOVO. rlQ TOUe; OUOTI1POU<; TExvlTE<; TOU dooue; nou <1>lAOOO~ouv va nouv nOA M, oMo I1E Aiyo MylO, I110EW0l1e; EKTOOl1 dvOl TO o[OTLXo: n6yKaAo i:niypalJlJa E:!val TO oloT/XO, 6v qJTaO£IC:; roue; TpEIe; oTlxoue; pa!/JwoEie;, OEV ouvBi:TE:le; i:nlypalJlJa. (naAanvf] 'AvBoAoyia 9, 369) nOTpioo TOU EmYPOI1IlOTOe; oT0811KE I1lwvio TaU lou Ot.

Ano EKd IlETO<1>UTEUTTlKE KOl Kopn0<1>0PTlOE wi OlW

VEe;, loiw<; O1I1V ATTlK~. npWTO<; 0l11l0VTIKOe; WlypOI1

JlOTOnOlO<; ~TOV 0 LlIlWVIOl1<; 0 K£ioe; (556-468 n.X)

nou onoSOVaTlOE TI<; vIKE<; TWV EAMvwv KOTO

TOU<; MI10LKOU<; noAEllou<;. KOTa TT)v EA.AllVLOTl

K~ WOX~ TO W[YPOJlIlO onoonoTOL ana TO IlVI1

Il£io ~ TO ovoSI1JlO KOL E~EA[oonOL OE OUTOVOIlO

AOYOTEXVIKO £ioo<;, nou OVTLKOTOmpi~EL IlE TI1V

nOLKIAio TWV SEIlOTWV TOU TI1V KOSI1IlEPLVOTI1TO.

To WlYPOJlIlO OEV dVOL mo 1l0VO «ovSo<; TI1<;

nbpoe;», oMo EVa AUptKo nO[TlIlO E~oIlOAOYI1TL

KO, nvwlloTwOE<; KOL npoKAI1TlKO, nou npOO<1>E

pnOl yLO onoyyEA[O OTO OUllnoOlO LO[W<; TWV

AOY[WV. lII0<1>opEe; OTI1 8EJlOTLK~ KOL OTO U<1>0<;

unOOl1AWVOUV TI1V unop~I1 ax OAWV APX'1YETT)<; TT)e;

lIwpIK~e; (nEAonOVVI100e;, MEYOAI1 EAAO<;, 0~6o)

EIVOlO !\Ewviooe; a TopovTivoe;. To SEIlOTO Tile; A~e; OUT~e; £iVai a «onAOUe; 6[0e;", Ol1we; 11 EK<1>POOl1

EivOL E~E~I1TTlI1EVTl· Em<1>OVEie; EKnpoownOI Tile; IWVl K~e; ~ OAE~OVOpIV~e; axOA~e; (w<1>POOUVTl 8EI10TlK~, OAAO 1l0P<1>IK~ OU01I1pOTI1TO) £iVOL 0 AOKAI1maOl1e;, a KoMiIlOXOe; KOL noo£iomnoe;. Tov 20 KOL TOV 10 ot. fleX. 11 <1>0IVlt<0-OUPLO~ axoM (AvT[nOTpOe;

axo

o crrlTlj~6Io~ Koupo~ (~c~"i) KQI TO oKoAI T~<; 6oa~<; TaU ~c TO xopoy~tvo cniypo~~o (A9~vo, E9vIKO ApXQIOAoYIKO MouaciG).·

/' \ -)

j~~

I

5

LlOWVIOe;, M£A£aypOe;, IAOOfll-lOe;) w8d we; TO OKpa TOUe; al08IlTlKOUe; n£lpalJaTIOIJOUe; Kal Tllv TOAIJIlP~ 8£lJaTlK~ Tile; lWVlK~e; O)(oMe;· L£ aUT~ TIlV T£XVIl TaU £AaXloTou Olanp£nouv KQl 01 yuvaiK£e;. H Noo oie;, 11 AVUTIl KQl 11 'Hplvva anOTLJnWoav ma £mYPOlJlJaTO TOUe; TIlV Tpuep£poTIlTa KQl TO Ba8u TPlKUlJlOlJa Tile; yuvQlK£iae; LjJux~e; To wi ypalJlJa YVWPI~£1 IJla O£UT£PIl 6VOl~1l TOV 40 at. IJ,X. KaAAl£py£lTQl olJwe; KQl mil Bu~avTlv~ n£piooo. H AITOTIlTa Tile; IJOpep~e; aUTOU TOU AOYOT£XVlKOU £looue; epa[v8TQl va Taipla~£ 1J8 TIlV aOKIlTIKoTIlTa TOU xptmlaVtKOU nV8UlJaTOe;. APXlKO a TonOe; onou BpiOK8TQl TO IJVlllJ£lo Ka80p(~81 KQl Til 010 A8KTO TaU 8mypOlJlJaTOe;. En810~ OIJWe; TO wiypalJlJa £iVQl KQl ana IJ8TPIK~ KQl ana 8£lJaTlK~ onoLjJIl T£KVO Tile; £A£y£ioe; (11 8PIlVIlTlK~ 8A8y£la unOK8lTal OTO £mTuIJBlO, 11 UIJVIK~ OTO ava81llJaTlKO) KQl 8Y yo VI TOU £noue;, KaTO TO T£AOe; TOU 40u at. 11 TomK~ OlOA8KTOe; unoxw Pl108 mo WlKO-8A8Y8IaKo loiwlJa, nou 1J8 Til 08lPO TaU 8a KaV81 TIlV 8MllvlmlK~ 8n0X1l 0PIOIJ£V8e; napaxwp~08le; OTllv KOlV~. l'llaA8KTlKoi Tunol anavTouv IJOVO 08 YUlJvaOlJaTa we; OUV810IlTO[ apxaIolJoi. LTIl X8lpoypaepll nopaOOOIl TWV apxa'lKWV 8nlypalJlJaTWV WIKpaT£l KanOla OUYXUOIl nou oep£lA8TQl mlllJaKpoXPOVIl npoepoplK~ napaoo all KQI OTle; 8n£IJBaO£IC; ypoep£WV KOI ov80AOywv. 01 OlaA£KTLKOi TunOI aVTlKa8imavTal ouxva ana TOUe; oVTimOlXOUe; £mKO-lWVlKOUC; KQl aTTlKOUe;. 'ETOI a~IOmmOllJapTUp8e; Yla Til OIOA£KTO TIle; 0PXQlOT8PIle; 8mypOIJIJOTOnoliae; napolJtvouv IJOVO TO 8mypaIJIJOTO nou 01oow81l Kav navw 08 ntTpo ~ nllAO ~ IJEToMo. ed

7Q ~f[V}} ayyiJ),£LV AaxfbaLfiaviou;

on

rfjbf xclfidJa, ro[f,' XclVWV (n7fiaUL rccdJofifVOL. !:1,tOlvIO'l~, fJalanvr, f\. vOoMyia 7, 249,

IJw{Jar1'/, va nw; orove; AaxECiOl,uoviove; nwe; EOO) vmixovo! aue; EvroUe; rove; E(UaorE Ba/livol. To mo rp11flLOIJ.EVO ErrLYQalJ.lJ.a HIS JW'ly.00I-lLCI·S ),OyOTExvLas. AJlob[bETm o"tOV Lt~tCJJYLbf] xm 8QV),ELWt JluJS ELXE xaQa X8El ow rroAvavbQLOV TWV TQLcowolWv wu i\Ewviba rrov E.n:EOaV mLS eEQ~LOJ(l)AeS (480 rr.X.). 0 TaqJos ~ IJ.ta qJwv1l ~tEOa arro TOV Ta
Tiv fic, M:avT:ClYx' JJva mJo"rovc, CP~YLVOV 6~ov 9qXf -"r:i,,'» !!PX[VOf,'. "fJo[o,;" 0 K~/k "bi'/.opat». Kanl~w·Xo;.na),anvr, f\.vOo}.()yia 6, 351. Q avaxra, OE OEVCI, },wvwfJonvi;CPl XCI/. ;~aTCQofj!oll[(i,

E,litva, ro 0eVLVO XAWVlIe! aqJLiQwaE- "110we;;» "Dowe; AQXLVOe;;" 0 KQl)rtxo,. - "LJExrO.»

o AQXLVOe;.· H

OX~v08EOia: rr),al ow ~oavo tOu HQax),11 0 AQXlvo;, EX€l EVarrOOEOEL W tUEQrno avc(0'llJ.a tau, x),alli ((ygl()~E A((VLIlLUS· 0 0SOS, rrou lowe; tXEI nQox,ig"JS TEX"OUQYljO!'i OE gona),o, OQXLSEL vo. flLAa. TIo.Qu TOV uflv'~n"o TOVO "tl)S nQo aqJW"'10l1£ (tu crriOEtu ituQcmtfl..,"IOUV OE buo C<1!U tous :no . 1p1Iflt(l!Livous aOAOUS tOU 11Qwa) HQaxAl1~ owxumn aitu tO~.o. tOy QilToQo 'Ita va QUJnloF, ta oUOlwb£~: reotOs 0 a.va OETllS; Ecpoaov ),OLiTOV avaOi"tllS ELV(IL 0 KQ11T.LXO; AQXLVOS, rrQotpavw; O~LOTEXVOS 1Wt 0fLOrgOitOS tOU 11QOJCL, rOTE TO aVaOljJ.ta, av XCII "WXO, YIVEtW anobEXTO. 0 Kun4WXO; aoxEI rrokuvow xat Bgaxu),oy[a. LTO €ITlYQal·I!Ul unaQXEL XWQOS 'Ita lEQrnELES (IlLaAOYOS ayr~AlJ.atOS Xat arpl.l':Q(iJ~la to;), '1((1. aQEra/,oYLES, Tj8tx08Q'l0XEUTLXEe; IltbaXES Xat Ilta ygOcpES xaQaXT~QWV. -H TEXVf] taU o).lytCTtOU ml)v "a),~ rllS wga. o KaniflUXOS XU"tCt.yETO.L aJlO 'CI)V KUQ11Y~, WWLY,La 111S bWQLx11S f:h'iQa;.lfl m11v A),E~avIlQE,a orrou fllAOUV 11IV KOLV1'I. ta UI"{QC'ql.!.lUTa tau OflW( ill. ouv8i:TfL Xo.1o. /.av6va mf]v Emxo-Lwv,X~. To EllLYQalJ.~La yLa 10V AQ:t.lvO 'FL au VTESEl 01:1] i\UJQLX~ (flOVO TO riv: 00! beVEL w IlWQLXO X9':J !-tal, £.l:f.L1l11 aXQtBoJc; TO OWQtx11; ,<:lQOEAEUOEWS» aVa81111a auvOW),tyE1Ut I-lE ~gwa iiWQly.t'IS XataYl'JY~S.

°

o

At:wvilfa, Kat 01 rplaK6aloi aTl, et:PllorrtiA;;c;, 6nwe; TOUe; ana8aviJTIa~ aTOV rrivaKo TOU 0 Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825) (napial, Aou6po),

pw~aAto

iVi. Z KOnIMKHL:

59

01

IIIAI\EKTOI

TH~

AOrOTEXNIA~

TPArnAIA

To Starpo rwv
(nclp0l6~. ApXOIOAoYIKO Mouado).

icO ;rarp{Oov ofJDw; 'A(JYeia.zOovoq, Ot:Y.ar.w Of rpiyyft r{Ob' arplxoplJV fravq, ;roJ)JiJv gayftowv iMiDwv /ldi,; rvzwv' oil 'lap ,Tor' qvxovv rfW Iv AI!)IE£flXOovi OavcOv pEOiSflV rpt).rarov rarpov pE(JU;. vvv l.af(Jf Ilt'v xtJwv, l.aif!( b' fJJ.iuu Ipao,; vJraro,; rf xwpa,; ZeVq, 0 DVOIO'; r' ava~, ro~ol'; ia.;rrwv !J1/xtr' Et'; iI/HI.,; pil.q' aJ.t,; KClgel J:xa/lavDpov ~aO' avapolOq, vVv (j' aiJu owrijp foOl xai JWlclrvlOq, ava~ "A.ToJJ.ov. rou,; r' aywviou,; OfOV'; Jravra,; ;rpooavDw, rov r' ipav rL/laopov 'Eg/liiv. Aurl~1.0" Aya/li/lVwv, 5113 . 515. Q AiJYo" WJwrC'''ci /l-0V XWIWW., o Oi"aro, irpf~f ZQOvo, yw vci 'iJOw'

noUi, EAnioE, Qciywav, l] Iua ,UE oW!;EL

!1[1'ro 'A;u!;a JrW, (}a nE(}civw oro AQYo, "cinorE

ovu nw, ea rarp,v or' ayanYJldvo XWfla.

KOI rWQa XaiiJf XWQa /lOV. xaf.QE ro cpO), rov ~lwv

%01 OV 'Y1jJ,orE ZEV Kw av, civa~ AnoUwv flUe'E,

ora,ucira nw va /l-a, ro~EVEI, ,UE ra {liAl] oov.

XOQwaE, vafia, noh,ua, arov :r"aflQJirQo.

TiVE rWQa owrf}Qa, xw ywrQo, ,ua" civa~ Ano)Jwv.

flgoo%vV(v "w oo~ci!;w rov, ciUov, (}wv, OAOV,

xw roy nQoarcirrJ ,u0U, rov X~iJV:;w Eg,uf}

MncJ.ljJQ K. X. MUQ1]l; H rrEQLy.0Jr11 rrQoEQxnm arro TOY XWQmO~lO rou Ag~ELOU

x11guxa JWU, OU~,)(tYYJ[.IEVO; ano roy avO.mOTO YUQI.O[.lO,

ITgooy.uvci ro ITatQlY.O XW!lo.. 0 x11gu')(((l; ariEl-Jet TT1Y ciljJL

~11 'IOU Aya[.lEftvOva., ')(at 0 a
cu),.oyo va EXEt cJI11QWOTcL o.rro ro Enol; (auTo tOXUfL '(EVl

y.OT£Qa ~la u; ayyEAtXEl; 9110£l; TIl; 'IQaYluola;)

oJoas: OI·lllQIX~ H~YJ 010Y EU(\lJTili~ O1JXY~, moY 2:oqJOYJ~

a:ta~ O1~\'a~:"!W!l£vll.

'l..:,in!> q,uu : 0\L'IQLX1'1 O~~I:tAOXI'i'

:tQ~t

Ulaoa, 2: 11 rpaos

r)E}.[ow.

ici:trm: OflllQIXO (lllfla, anci EKEl X € Et IilcxljJogm%11 Ollila

Ol((.

avaQOIo, OUXYO OTYJY 'OovaoElCl xm TOY HQ060TO, <'ma.;

(T TI1y '[hcioa.

ulhE: O!lllQI){O £ITLQ(l·'I"fI. O1JXYO moy ALOXUf..O, cirras OTOY

LOcpox),]l, £YW Dcv aITaVTa IT01:€ owy E1JQUtlO~.

n:Qoaavow: OrlT](\L%O (l~~La.

r'l"cioiJov: IiW(ll%OS rUnol; aYtl TlflWQOV.

60

LTOUe; Barpaxouc; TouAplOTO6.YIl-O Eup'l1liOlle; loxupi~8T(]1 on un8 6alls as OUOTIlP~ 0[0110 TO oyKllpo 118~I,\6YI0 TOU AIOXUAOU Yla va TO IOXVOV81 KQl npOTp£nSI TOV IJSyOAO 0IJOT8XVO TaU va SKeppO~STal OrlAG. KQl aV8f1IT~oeuTQ. !1sv unOPXSI QIJ160Ala OTI npoKslTOl ylO KW IlIK£e; unsp60Ate;, 01 onoise; 0IlWe; anllXouv ilia npaYIlQTIKOTllTQ, TllV oouvailla 01lAOO~ TOU KOlVOU vo napoKoAou8~oSI nOVTOTS Til yAWO OIK~ 8f18VOUOll TWV UtjJllAWV IOSWV TaU AIOXUAOU. "OTI TO np6.Ylla £XSI £TOI, TO sm6s6Q1wvSI 0 vll6).,loe; ApIOTOT8Alle;, nou napQTllpel 0111 PT)TOPIKr) TOU on 11 yAwooa TaU Eupmioll n1l1l0lo~81 nsplooon;po TllV K081lIlSPIV~ OlllAio npOYIlQTI, OTOV VSOTSPO ana TOUe; Tpete; TpaYI KOUe; ouvaVTOIlS OUVToE,Ele;, OUIlf1AOK£e; A£C,SWV KQI pOOSIe; arlO Tllv Ka801liAOUIl8Vll Tile; 8f10x~e; TaU napOAa aUTO KQI 11 YAwooa TaU Eu pm[oll, OrlWe; Kal ySVIKoTspa Tile; Tpaywo[ae;, 8iVQI ilia TSXVllT~ AOYO TSXVlK~ yAwooa, jlE TTjV 8VVOIO on f1apou0l6~El av6.jllc,ll OIOAEKTIKWV Tunwv KQI n8pl£XSI YAWOOlK£e; avaIlV~OEIe; arlO TOV "OIlIlPO

o KUPIO~ YAW001KO~ KOPr-tO~ ~ivat, ¢UOLKO, 11 ATTlK~ OlelA~KTO~, O¢OU TO OPelr-tO dVat npo'(ov TaU 0811VO'lKOU nOAlTlOr-tOU. Ot npOOr-tl ~~L~

npO£PXOVTOI ana TllV IWVLK~, Tll L'lWPLK~ (TO KUPLOT~PO XOPOKTll PIOTIKO Tll~ £ivOl TO r-tOKPO Q OVTI TaU aTTlKOU rr n,x. :4BdVGl oVTi :4Bfjvw) Kat TllV AlOAlK~ OlelA~KTO. EmnA£ov, np£n~l va A660UIl~

unOLjJll r-ta~ r-t10 r-tOP¢OAOYlK~ IOIOppu8r-t10 Tll~ TPOYWO[o~' ~vvow Tll oaq>~ OLelKpLOll TaU K~Ir-t£VOU O~ OLaAOYlKel KOI AUplKO r-t£Pll , OIOKPlOll nou WL60M~L r-tLO YAWOOIK~ oLa¢oponollloll 0111 YPOr-tr-tOTLK~ TUnOAO YIO Kat Ka810TO m8av~ TllV ~n[opaOIl nl~ WLK~~ KOl TIl~ AUPLK~~ napoooOll~, nou dxav OTO ll£Ta~u OUYKPOT~ O~l r-t10 AOYOT£XVIK~ "KOlV~»' ana aUT~V TIlV "KOlV~» aVTAouoav ~A~u8~pa Ol TpaYLKol Yla va IKavonOl~OOUV TL~ Il£TPIK£~ (pU81lIK£~, ~U¢WVlK£~) Kat U¢OAOYlK£~ (uLjJo~, n080~) OVOYK~~ TaU~. Ana Tllv oMll nA~upo dvat aOL~uKpivL OTO~ a POAO~ nou ~VO£X£TQl '10 £nol~~ OTllv napouoio OWplKWV OLOA~ KTLKWV OTOlX£iwv 11 unoOTllPl~oll~Vll unap~1l npoopor-tlKWV 1l0P¢WV TIl~ Tpaywolo~ OTllv n~Aonovvlloo, a¢ou TO np06ArIr-ta TIl~ y£v£Oll~ TOU doou~ ~~aKoAou8d va nopall£v~l elAUTa. noaa ouo~moKonllTll ~IVat 11 nOLKLAio TWV Tunwv Ilnopd va ouvoX8~i ana TO OKOAou80 nopOO~IYr-ta. L~ OPLOr-t£V~~ A£~~L~ 80 n~plr-t£var-t~ - aTO nAoiOLo TOUAO XIOTOV TIl~ OUIl6aTLK~~ YAWOOO~ TWV AUplKWV Il~PWV - Til V WlKpelTIlOll TOU r-taKpou Q' Kl Or-tW~, ~VW OHlv nOllloll TaU AAKr-telVa, TaU nlvi56pou KOI TaU BOKXUAIOIl napouOlo~OUV TOV avar-t~vor-t~VO Tuna, OTOU~ TP~I~ TPOY1KOU~, nAllv 1l£1l0VWIl£VWV ~~Olp£O£WV, £1lq>OVi~OVTat nOVTOT~ r-t£ 17, W£IO~ npOTLr-t~8IlK£ a OW1PLKa~ Tuno~: yfjpuc;, rjouc;, r'iJ.1ap, BVnOKW, KfjOOC;, KAfjpoC;, !J.fjV1C;, J.1I7Xavr7, oKfjrrrpov. EmnA£ov, 11 nOIKI AIO OUT~ ~r-tnAouTI~£Tat aKor-t1l n£pLOOOT£PO, av All¢80uv unoLjJIl Kal 01 Ola¢op£~ OTllv npoq>opo aVelll£Oa OTllv apXatOT~PIl Kat Til v£OT£Pll q>0011 TIl~ ATTLK~~ oLaA£KTou (0 npwTo~ Tuno~ dval apxol6T£po~): nx ~uv /ouv, BoAarra / BOAaooa, apol7v / apP'lv. T£AO~, o£v np£n£L '10 r-ta~ olaq>£uyouv auo n£plOpLOTLKOI napelyovT£~ nou OlWlOUPYOUv 06£6aloTIlTa OTa our-tn£poor-tOTO r-ta~. npOI(£ITat YlQ TO Y£YOVO~ OTI r-ta~ OW~£Tat r-tOAI~ TO 1/10 TOU OUVOAlKOU £Pyou TWV TPlWV r-t£YelAWV TpaYLKwv, £vw 11 unoAOlnll opor-taTLK~ napaywy~ TOU~, Ka8w~ Kal TWV £f,.aouov{))V 0110T£XVWV TO <; TOU SQU KQL 40u aI., £X£L, npo~ TO nopav

°

TOUACtXICJiOV, xaEld, Kat OTL OKOWI Kat aUTO TO £AUXLOTO o£iYlla unoK£ITat OTL~ ypOr-tr-tOTLK£~ £mAOY£~ Kat TL~ TOO£I~ ylO YAWOOlK~ ~~or-tUAUVOIl TWV Bu~avTLvwv AOYlWV, nou aaxoA~8llKaV r-t£ Til OlelOW Oll TaU K£IIlEVOU TWV TPOYlKWV. fa.,

rlaVVOUA~C;

XaAmcc;,

o O,iJirrou, Kaf q LqJiyya, 1933. Ixt610

~£ ~oAu61.

dJi,uov, ~ivf, riluln xwpa,

LXOV Til xparuna yil, brav},a,

rOl' a.pyijra Ko),wvOl', EvO'

)'iyna /i1vVpcral

Oa/ii/;ovaa Wihar' alllbwv

x},wpai, um'! paaaw"

rOl' OiVWHOl' i!xovaa xwuov

xai Tilv liparov OwiJ

rpv)J.u.ba IlVpujxapJrov aVljJ.
aVljw/ioli ff m:£1'fWlI C-'

X£I/iWVWV.

a

I:OljloxiAc;, OibiJrov, iHi KOAWVi>, 668·679. St'VE, t'rpraaEe; arov JrlO O/1oQlfJo rOJro

alJr~e; EOW rile; XWQae;

Jrov eLVat IfJIl/1w/tEVIl Yla r' a?oyci rile;,

arov },a,u,-rQo Ko},w"o, oJrov

JrlxQoy?vxa rQayovoaEl r' o4,i1pwVO alloov4

am oaaw/tEva rpaQayyw !l2tyvovwvme;

xat rpw},uil;ovme; awv xwao WV xQaaaro

xat ro a~aro /1VOLo;
Jrov QixvEt j3aBla Til axu) rov XL mro 8VE)J,£<;

aEV ~t'QEt.

o I(ogoS £V~IlEgWV£L 10V OLOi.noOa yLa 'tOY 107[0 a10V

011:OLO 0 1VCjJIeOS y£gOVW.C; £I(£l CjJTaa£L a1JVOOE1JOfL£VOC; etJlO

1~V Avnyov~.ll!)oy.ml1L yLO 10V Ko),wvo.

r
EX01JIlE 10 bWQLXO a aVll 10U 11. 8a avuflEvall£ E;rlU1]S 10V

Tl:;w ava)tO~, Y,m a1J10V \Jw8£lOuv 0':'0 Y.WbLY.E~ n01J aV(l

YOYWI alOV B1J~avnvo qJv,o),oyo i'l~fl~lQW TgLr.),lVIO,

o OJl:OLO~ ElVaL Y>etk)~ yvwal~S 1WV IlETQIY.WV 7[gO~),,~fll~f.T(:JV,

EVcJl OL 1JitOleOIJWI JlCl(JO.OLOO1JV aVl!Jewv, ygmp11 7[01J uL08E'

lOUv 01, £XOO,ES 1~~ aagaC; 'tl1S O;'1og0"l~. Elvm XC1(JetXTIl

QLow<6 on 0 EX0011]S OTl1 OELQCt Tll~ t\L I'Lac ul08nd 10V

OWQLXO 'tUitO, 11011 TOV O-UVa.VtDUJ,lE xat OTlIY' "A)'Y'7;r~ ,Otl

El'Ql.TCl011 (437), ;'a; m8avov lIQE:TfL va ylvCllk;n6~.. O
~w~ a' atmi 1~V rrEQLm0)a~ yLVeW:! cpav!'gos 0 arroqJetOLO'tL

y.o~ goleo; nlS I(El.Qoygl1qJll~ llet(Jaoo011S ,01J X£tj.IEY01J.

MNIH/\ I. IAKOB

61

01

IIIAAEKTOI

THl:

AOrOTEXNIAl:

ATTIKH KIlMnl11A H opxoio £MllVlKrl KWllwoio nOpOUOla~£l Tp£lC; OlOK£KpIIlEV£e; qJaO£le; '61.ni fll'\' ~!i.; nl1SE1A\?01, 0\-\ oll.etl bA~i lIg. hA,,\$'

.,d

-rc\l

, m, -r ONOl'$, eeolJ. oolat ~1t1.\ 16,\01 UAl\19.l!'_

'nOlO! elM' WI,. __O mtaerA\t'O!,rl\~~~ot r6MMJ. ):,Il'ct-AML

(APlltotArioUC,o,HI.H)

----~4··

o AP"1TO'l'6v~~ dvOi n~Y'l t~nv£ua~e; KOI ylO TOUe; auyxpovoue; y£Aoloyp6'l'ou~, 01 onoiol EivOi aUVCXlaTt~ (~£

alia

~taa) T~~ no

AITlK~, Kw~w~loypa'l'iOl;(IKiTOO TOU "'~~~Tpn XO\IT~onouAou).

flieOVOTOTO aK~v~ an6 TO xop6 TWV 'Opviewv, napocrraan aE aTTlK6 EpUepO~OP'l'O Kpa;~pa (yupw crro 414) ("o~ AVT~EA£"

The J. Paul Getty Museum),

~"'~~;li;~I!i~~~~~I~~;

OTllv £~EAI~~ Hle;: Tllv oPxoio, nou XovoplKa qJTaV£l we; TO 400 n.X., TIlIlE OT], nou KOTWT£PO OPlO Tile; EX£l TO 321 n,X" KOl Til VSO, ll£Ta TO 321 n.X, Ana OUTSe; 80 Iloe; onooxoMO£l Ilovov 11 npwTll, ylOTi 11 onoOnOOIlOTlK~ qJUOT] Tile; IlEOT]e; O£V £nLTpSn£l TIlV £~oywy~ BEBOlWV oUlln£p00l-laTWv, £vw 11 VSO, 11£ KUPIO £Knpoowno Tile; TOV Msvovopo, XPIlOlllonOI£i we; YAWOOlKO IlS00 TIlV KOlV~, OIlAOOrllllO yAWOOO nou Ovi)K£l O£ Il£TOy£VS OT£PIl n£p[ooo ana OUT~ nou 1l0e; £VOlOqJSp£l. Ana TOV AploToqJavll (445 - 1l£T0 TO 388 n.X.) OW~OVTOl EVT£KO OKE pOl£e; KWIlWoi£e;, £vw ono aMoue; nOIIlTSe; TOU [OlOU AOYOT£XVIKOU £looue; KOl Hle; iOlOe; n£ploooU, onwc; 0 KpOTIle;, 0 KpQT[voe;, 0 <1J£P£KpaTlle; KOl 0 EunoAle;, nopooiooVTOlllOVO onOanaOIlQTo. ITllv A8~vo 0 npWTOe; KpOTl KOe; olOYWVlOIlOe; KWIlWoioe; npOYllQTOnOl~SIlK£ TO 486 n.X, KOl 11 nopa 010011 TOU OPXOlOT£POU OW~ol-l£vou EPYOU TOU AplOToqJavll, TWV AXap vtwv, XPovoAoy£iTOl TO 425 n.X. KUplO yvwPlOIlO Tile; opxoioe; KWIlWoioe; £lVOl 0 nOAlTlKOe; Tile; XOPOKT~pOe; KOl 11 KOUOTIKrl OOTlPO Y£YOVOTWV Tile; KoSIlIl£plVrle; KOlVWVIKrle; KOl nV£UIlOTlKrle; ~Wrle;. Ana yAWOOIKrl onol/J1l KUPIOpx£i 11 OTTlKrl KOSOIlIAOUIlEVIl, 0Xl 0IlWe; 11 yAWOOO TOU «xuOIlV OXAOU», onwe; So n£pill£v£ Kov£le;, oMa TOU IlS00U 1l0PqJWIlSVOU noAiTIl· AKpl6we; OUT~ 11 yAWOOlKrl Ko80poTllTO OUV£TSA£ o£, OMWOT£, KOl 0111 olaowOT] TWV KWIlWOIWV TOU AplOTOqJOVIl, YlQT[, nopo Tllv oSuPOOTOllio TOUe;, onoT£AouOOV npoTuno OTIlKOU AOyOU. BE BOLO, TO aO£llvo A£~IAOYlO, KOSWe; KOl 0plOIlSV£e; £KeppOO£le; rl lOlWIlOTl KSe; OUVTO~£le; npotpxoVTOl ana TO AO'iKO OTPWIlQTO, £vw nopoi\AllAo no p£v£lpovTOl OTOlX£io ana oAi\£e; £MllvlKte; OloAtKTOUe;, OTOV IllAOUV 1111 ASllvoiol (n·x· M£yop£le; rl BOIWTOi OTOUe; AxapvfJe;), rl eppao£le; O£ ono olltvo £AAllvIKa, OTOV npoqJtpovTOl ono ~tvoue;. 0 ApIOTOepOVIle; ollWe; tX£l Ill0 £nLnAtov nllY~ oVTi\llolle; YAWOOlKOU UALKOU: Til AOYOT£XV1Krl nopOOOOT] ana TOV 'OIlIlPO KOl Til AUplKrl noilloll we; Tllv Tpoywoio -11 T£ A£UTOio 1l0AlOTO yiv£Tol OTOxOe; OUOTIlIlOTlKrle; OIOKWIlWOIlOIle;. H EVTOVIl oVTlnopa8£OIl TOU ul/JIlAou TpOylKOU uqJoue; 11£ OVOiK£l£e; YIO Tllv TPOYW oio KQTOOTOO£le;, nou m£vouovTOl 11£ A£~IAOYlO Tile; K0811Il£plVrle;

~Wrle;,

°llilloupy£l £VTunWOlOKO onOT£At°lloTO ITO XOPIKO, nou OUPPlKVWVOVTOl 0IlIlOVTlKOKWIlIKO 010 T£A£UTO[O tpyo TOU nOlllTrl, oUVOVTOUIl£, onwe; KOl 010 OTOOlIlO Tile; Tpoywoioe;, TO OWplKO a (nx ABova: 'AG'7vd, oxtw: r7Xtw, OIJ-tpalOlv: r7J.1tpOle;). H npwToTunll yAWOOlKrl oU1l60i\rl TOU AplOToepavll, novTWe;, tyK£lTOl 0111 YAwooOnAOOTlKrllKOVO TIlTO, Il£ Til 60rl8£LQ Tlle; onoioe; ollllloupy£i «OIlIlOivovTO OVOIlOTO» (n.x· LlIKalorroAle;) KOl OAAO ouvSno (n.x. N£ep£AOKoKKuyia, rrAoueuyi€w), nou ouxva OqJelAOUV TO KWIlIKO lOUe; onoTsA£OllO OTO nM80e; TWV ouvS£TlKWV TOUe; (nx oeppaydi-ovux-apXO-KOJ.1rJr'7e;: aurae; nou KaAAwrri~e Tar urrepBoA1KO).

IUllqJwvo 11£ Ill0 KpiOT] TOU nAOUTOPXOU (HeLKG, 853), 11 UqJOAOylKrl nOlKlAio TWV KWIlWOIWV TOU AploTOepavll £IvOl TOOO lleyOAIl, ware; va nopoTIlP£lTOl Ill0 OVOVTlOTOlXio OVOW:oo OTIlV 8nLAOYrl TWV At~8WV KOl TO rl80e; TWV OPOIlOTlKWV npoawnwv, I' OUTrlV Tllv UepOi\OYlKrl OVOllolOYS V£lO OUIl60M£l, 8nLnA£OV, KOlIl nopwo[o, nou TllllntpxovTql OAO TO npo owno Tile; KWllwoioe; KOl nou npoun08ET£1 unOXP£WTlKO 8VOAAOY~ TOVOU, oepOU yiV£TOl PIlTrl nOponOllnrl 08 oMo £looe; AOYOU 118 Tle; OlKSe; TOU UqJOAOYlKSe; npooloypOepte; (np6A. nx Tle; i\rlYOU08e; 08 -lKOe; A£~81e;, nou yiVOVTOl TOU OUPIlOU 010 A£~Ii\OYlO TWV OIOVOOUlltvwv T~e; 8nOXrle;) (4,

62

n~

roiq ()' avf}{!OJ7tOlq O{!VLV €rE{!OV nip1jJal x~pvxa xu.dJw wq o{!viOwv {Jaru).cuovrwv (}VELV O{!VLaL ro lomol', "altura Owiq VIJrE(}ov a~(hq' n{!oIJVELpaaOw (~i Jrpmovrwq roiuL OWiULV uiiv o{!ViOwv oq ill' ti(Jpon!J xaO' fY.l(IJrOI': ijv 'AC{'{!o()irTj Ovn, :.t{!tOaq O{!VIOL rpaJ.Tjpi& (}Vuv· ijv ()i lloa£L(){jjvi uq 0[1' Oun, vrjn!J JtlJ[!oiJq xaOayit;av, ijv ()' 'HpaxUEt Oirr! Tt, J.a{!rp valJrovq OUEtV pci.lrovl'raq' xal' Ali Of.to {Jaut}.<:i X{!tOv, fJaULJ.£Vq iur' O{!XiJ.Ot; OPVtt;, It{!ori{!rp ()ti roii Lltot; avroii aE{!rpov i:vopXTJV urpaytal;uv. Eu. ijoOTjv aE{!rprp arpa'lWI;OpEWp. Beovr,z1:w viiv 0 prya; Zav. AgLOtOlpUV1']C;, ·O{!VLOEt;, 561·570.

01 KOMOAIEL

iJ

ill. KaL oivO) tVroAr, va ardloviJt ivaI' xlievxa awu; aveeci.mout; (va 1m) nw; ana toW xw tiJlteot;, iJLa "w {3aa,ltvouv w nov.l.ui, ora nOV},la va OVUla I;ouv (newra) xw vauQa (nwL) awut; OtoVt;· XaL va ,uoLQauovv onOJt; nQinEL awl' xaOiva ana wu~ OtoV; onoLO lLiro ra nou.l.t.ci wu rWQLaI;E.· ((1' OVOLal;EL )(avEL~ urTjV AcpQoOi,Tj, )(QLOaQL va OuaLcit;u aw novli Try rpa},arwa XQL av uavti~ Ovuuil;tL urov iloaELowva ltQo{3aro, va nQoarpil2El mryv 20,,[£0 ULU1£!L' XaL av OUULo.t;tL awl' Hl2axAry Xo.'4 UTO y.l.o.(!O va 8VOLo.I;EL ,llEAOnaTE, "aL av 8uIJLal;EL xeui.{lL UTOV Llia {3auJ..La, {3aatJ.I.6.; tivw w Jrou.l.i rQvnorpQaF'I; ({3aOlJ..rixot;), novaE aUral' ;reinEL y.w (l.TCO WI' iow WI' Llia nw fJ.J'Qoura va 8VIJLo.t;£L ivaI' xovvovna {3Q(!(36.ro. EY. iloJ.v X/I.{ITjua yLa WI' xovvovna nov aqJat;Etw! LIEI' nan u1J!2a va {3Qovra o iJEywor; Llia;!

°

EK~oTlKiI cTTlTuxia

APIOTO'l'6v~

Tlp"'TOU ~cVt8ou, OTlorcAouv 01 Kw~w~ic, TOU ac K6~IK, (~,oaKcuiI' Kci~cvo T. ATloaTOAi~~, aKirao

r, AKOKoAl~n).

1C{i nil' Aaavav tunv KIVTjaia; Kif{!u~

KLVlJUia; K,;{!uS

a

YE(}wxia ij roi .T{!Uravu:" Tt puaisat viol'. oiJ ()' rii lCorCl!' al'Opw;ro; ij ;wviuak;; _ 1" , " , XU(!U:; E'/wv, w KlJ(Jaallt£, Val rw (J/ w, CJlOI,OV a-,o !;;rti(Jra; :repi rav {llaJJ.ilyiil', xaJrnTa ()o{!U ()ijO' UltO paJ.I/; ijxEI; lxwv; ov rov Lli' oux ,,,WI' ya. AQlOto
cr

i.w

~.,

To 7CQurII1'Eio ;rov 7CiqJrEL ''I; A8r,va;

Ii 'I Yi:Qouoia; 'Exw va nw iva vio. KLVTJaia; Kr,QuS

Kmwfa ; K'iQus

KL

wu now; fiaa4' Eia' av8Qw,TO;, TdoJvw,

LTOU£ ·OQVlOEt; (414nX) Mo lpiAOl, 0 OIOOE'taLQOe; Xat 0 EUEAnioTje;, IiQanE 'tEUOUV ((no 'toy y'OOflO, aY]OlOo~lEVOI ana 't11 OIy.o!JaVLo. 'tWV .\(hll'aLwv, xat JTQo'tcivouv ow Jlou)".a 'tIjV iOQuoTj ~llOe; evaEQlae; no).lTlCI((e; «,"lcrpEAoJ(oxXU yia»), onou Ba t~oouv ElQy]VlXa. 01 avBQomol Oa Buoia~av ano Eliw xm rrf.Qa ow nouAlo, l!QlOXL OWU£ GEOU£, OL onoiol, Esaniae; 'tY]e; EUI'lt~11e; nQoocpoQwv, Go EvlilaQlEQBouv ,lO 10 avBgwmva nQo~Al1flU'ta. o AQL01OCPClVy]£ "IgO
'H Q8a, },E{3iI'TTj, xQaFTj; Qlt' TIl 2:;raQ r 'l YLQ 01J/t'I·~tf'v:r.7, IUJ ml';L1!(j()"""(I(Jt~; IW;' K(j(I.Xn/f: ,ILE. Gf;~t' %cL1.iU un' l'7 /)fi.OxU:.J.};; Kaeo}.ov

Mml
H itEQlXOm; nQoEQXE1Cl1 CGtO H1V Eia060 on] oXIl"li rou LnaQ na1l1 1<1'jQU1UOlxa 0 AglOW
o AglO'tOqJOV1]£

EXf\EWAAEVUOI 010 Enoxgov T11v CXrrA1]x11xl\ cUXEQELa 111e; va (JXY]!latl~EL no),uou),A((~C" OVVeE'tE~ ),fsHe;. 'bOt ou; , £,,;<2'1 (JLo.~olla(r; (o't. 1169-1175) Yla va itEQLygCt"'El EVLl
),ona()01:EpaxoaU.u.xoyal,.co X{!UVIOMllpavo()pLpu;roTt!LPllaro Uu./fIOJ.LJrU(!°W)..Lroxara;(cL'J/l.EVo xtXJ.urLXOu(JU(porparro:rE{JtUTE(}a ).r;r.rl!llovo,TronrpaJJ..Loxtyxi.oJrE J'<:loJ.u.Y{lloUlQulOfJaqJl/r{!aya vOJrrtpVywv.

7Cauro;IETaJ.ioo - yalwaa.l.axo TOvQuomnEQaro - iJualOxOiJ,IlClTa iJ£?o;rE(}EllJCO - {J.vrI;TJeQorVQo rQvyovoxourUrpo - wL"x},oltiruovva tpryTouOVUOl1'1u.oo - xOTOxiqJaJ.a rlYQLOltEQw7:fQo - J..aY0J
MCTa
MNIH/\ I. IAKOB

63

01

IIIAAEKTOI

THl: 'AorOTEXNIAl:

KATnlTAAlnTIKH KllMtl41A ray rl.}(i!u~al' xarOttc {;)(7lfC~

€xcc ;.a~C!JOc t~i

(UO; lOv/)~Ov i; ray xr)pa I
JTOl'L{3civrq; l'UV ,Tor rav

LUTiav OWXt'irf_ /)0, pOI ri'

rwprp11xe,. 1fIir!' Ji rav w.v),axa.

~W(pelJlV,

MipOL

AxouW!~OrE

dJ(» ro rQani!;l, XWQlt; va nclQa~fU r{"ora. nagu it'av O~WAO aMn ora XiQw oae; xaL ~aJ.rE oacpvry or' auna oae;. TWQa nryya[VEu orryv cor[a xaL xa(),jou. Lloe; {IOU EO'; TO ~[cpOC;, lpiQf fOW TO OXUAl To nClltvQLxO anomwofLCl OE I',lJlQLX~ oLuAnno (lJlOO~O£1m OtOv LwrpQova iWl rtEQl,,!QlirpEl ilW l-laYlx~ rEAEt01JQYLa, m8avorClta xaSaQI-l0. H £Ol[a XQ11(JLfLo:roL£~tm wS ~WfLOC;, 011:01J Sa 81JOLa(JrE~ EvaS oxu),OC; flc b[xorro ilaxaLQl To nQoow:ro ;t01J fltAan c~vm xcmoLa llaYlOoa. H rtaQouo~a 10U a),atlOU xm 111C; bUrpvllC; tXOllV on01Qolla6(0 X(lQa)(r~ Qa, q~l:OOL~01JV o11Aao~ t11V ELoOOO !01J oa~fLova ato av8Qwmvo OWila.

H KQ1aywy~ Hle; KWflWOlae; napafl£V£1 615 11All , £n£lo~ 11 £loaywy~ Tlle; 010 £nlollflo npoypaflfla TWV M£yOAWV 1'.10vuolWV £Y1V£ fl£ Ka8uoT£ Pl1011 (486 n.X.) Kat Yla nOAUV KOlpa OlaT~Pllo£ TllV aUTOOX£Ola KOl £paOlT£XVlK~ flOPep~ TIle;. 0 APlO1OT£Alle; OTllV nOt!]TlKr, KOV£l Myo YlQ TO epaM1KO Tpayouola nou £KT£AOuoav £u8Ufl£e; aVTplK£e; OUVTpO epl£e;, 01 KWflOl, fl£ 1OUe; onOlOUe; OUVO££TOl nUflOAOY1KO TO oVOfla Tlle; KWflwoiae;. nwe; OUVT£A£OTllK£ one; A£n1Ofl£p£l£e; Tlle; 11 flno6aoll ana aUTO TO aUToox£olooflaTa OTllv nA~pWe; avamuYfl£vll Kw~woia apl OToepavlKou Tunou o£V d~aOT£ O£ St011 va YVWPl~OUfl£. To 6t60l0, novTWe;, £IVat on, O£ aVTlSwll fl£ TrjV Tpaywoia, ana Tllv onola o£v ola8£TOu~£ ~apTuPll~£V£e; ~opep£e; Tlle; £KTOe; ATTlK~e;, ana Tllv KW~W ala yvwpi~ou~£ anoan60~Q1a OUO nOlllTwv TOU 60u Kat TOU SOU at. ana Tll M£YOAll EAAooa, TOU EmxoPflou KOl TOU l:weppova, £vw tvae; TpiTOe; nOlllT~e;, 0 PlVSWV, ypOep£1 tAapOTpaywola yupw OTa 300 nX H olaepopo Tlle; KaTWlTQAlWnK~e; Kw~wofae; ana Tllv apxaia KW~W' oia Tlle; A8~vae;, onwe; aUT~ £KnpoowndTOl ana TOV ApIOTOepOVll, OTO S£flanKo £nln£oo, £YK£ITOl OTO y£yovoe; on 0 ASllvaioe; KWflIKOe; aoxoAdwl ~£ KauTo Kal £nIKatpa ~llT~~aTQ Tlle; nOAlTlK~e; ~w~e;, £vw 01 KmwlTaAlWT£e; nOlllT£e; dT£ OUV8£TOUV ~USOAOYlK£e; napwoi£e; (Enlxap~Oe;, Plv8wv) dT£ n£plypoepOUv TunoUe; Tlle; Ka811fl£pIV~e; ~w~e; (l:weppwv) LTO YAWOOIKO KOl TO UepOAOylKO £nln£oo, aVTi8na, napa

lunoe; TOU rpAUapac;) OVO~O~OTOV tva
<1JAUaKcc;

('I'AUa~, ~WpIKOe;

£i~oe; XOV~PO£I~OUe;

MlXQU tUTgarrEAa xlJ!npOtE"!';{lfW1Cl ilJl:OQOUV va dcUJQ'1 80uv nono~ (JuvSnoL v£O),OYL
64

TrlPOUVTOI O~OIOTlln:e;

nou EVOExnal va ava

YOVTat OE KanOlOV KOIVO

npoyovo, KOIOXIOE aAAIl

A£nlopooll TWV Mo KACtOWV

Kw~wolae; nou ovornuxSIlKav

OE Ola<)JopnlKO YEwypa<)JIKO

XWpo. Eivat aM8Ela, 6E6ata,

on 0 nAaTWV EKTl~OU

OE IOlOiTEpO TOV

Enixap.~o

Kat TOV 2W<)Jpova,

"-

,j~_,~jj -:if:' ., -, .

T~~~a

TOU TTaTTUpou T~c; o~u, pUYXou ~c tpya TOU ETTlXop~ou (ap. 2427, OTT. 27). To i~lo ono· anoa~a nopoTiScTal (KaTW) at auv£x~ ypo'l"'l Kal ac ~CTOypO'

tf.t~~{j _ ZlJ -

aAAa aUTO OEV

anOOEIKVUEI KQTa KaVE

vav Tpono on TO Epya TOUe;

~TQV yVWOTa ~Oll ana TIlV

£nox~ TOU ApIOTO
'P~ ~£ TIC; ~t~tl

XWPI(J~tV£c;.

npotpX£TOI ciTE OTTO r~v KW~W ~io "H8ac;yolJoc; tlTt ano T~ ~IQ aK£u~ T~c;, ~£ TiT~o MoOaol.

TOUe; dvat Il lI.WPIK~ Tile; £nox~e; TOUe;, oAAa ~E OlO<)JoponOI~OEle; KaTa nEpl mwoll, a<)Jou, onwe; EIVat ova~EVO~EVO, Il yAwooa Tile; ~U80AOYlK~e; napwoiae; nEplEXEl olaKEl~EvIKEe; ava
1.7

AOYOTEXVIK~ nap6600ll CO~IlPOe;, XOPlK~ noill

all), EVW Ol OKIlVEe; ana TIlV KaSIl~EplV~ ~w~ npouno 8bouv Til XP~OIl EKeppaOEWV Kat ypa~~anKWV Tunwv Tile; KaSO~I

AOU~EVIle;. Mia TP[TIl o~aoa Tunwv npoEPxnOl ana OlaAEKTOUe; nou

~IAouoav 01 'EAAllvEe;, Ol onoiol OUVEppEOV ana Ola<)JOpEe; nEplOXEe;

OTIl ~EyaAounoAIl TWV 2upaKouowv.

Ana TOV En[xap~o ~ae; OW~OVTOI TplavTaE<)JTa TiTAOl, ~EplKO[ ana TOUe; onoloue; 0IlAWVOUV ouoTIl~anKoTEPIl 8vaoxoAil01l ~E ~EyaAoue; ~pWEe; Tile; ~USOAOYIK~e; napaOOOIle;, onwe; 0 HpaKA~e; Kat 0 OOUO OCoe;, EVW OEV EAEmov Kat aAAllyoplKEe; ~Op<)JEe;, onwe; 0 !\6yoe; KOI Il Aoyiva E~aAAou, KW~IKol Tunol, onwe; 0 napaOlTOe; ri 0 a~EOTOe; XW plaTIle;, nPOnOI~a~OUV TO coa
J ..I

l.r

LlloO.[

J. O~I"r,(lC

].o,",w/loc·oVOf"X'lJPf ].. ·Cl./..'~,8"",o"(VWX(O!JJ:L.rr. .... ] .... C;(al7T.,p'~...,..."'oJ.',.oono"·~,\.aJl'

.y.

Tr"u;r:.1

o,j~~ x· 1/,u,ti[p'Wlol{

).iJ:l.:;"(lf)u~O", tt:WX'OVfli.·,,,,,,

J.'PJc rn'''''il'?l!t''"

,",'
,;J, H~'" ;'\M

}O"llTnv..;>lOv.\OV':I/Ul>'''-Ooo,'({W

]'~~:.~J:~:l(:Il~~~::':;;::C

Jf (f.\Ji' ... o.~ ):.t'

] If·..'\fywT'lI.(.].rto,-a

). 9~fep/l...."" ... uxpc·G'r""~fVKUPU"

-ii

j,wc :\rrw

. 'il-IIT. .

•(

) •• I/o. _.-ya'rc.x'rtnQK' wp.(:t(a.< • "0 .. ].:".. Xi''1ac,~{.JC:WVIH."~"'''''<.U;'crc'''· J.~n' aM:. , "GA' ~o ...: 1100 ro8. pp~ ...'.}" "9~11

J... l.?
VolP
o.rrw l!' t~OP-OI ::ro, "..i" ;)... v

],IC cj,..~, ..,

'!' '1)0.(111. ~"0"'1P''''PO''-t.N

J.

~1C:::l:::ln.LJ.d

1.

"ltll'11pOHptl.. (~"

""". ]. ... o...n. r.i XI./a T"J i1" KO'PAI.' 'Xi)" "'0"" WICO< C lJcO ..

J, 6>..,8,0'" KJlt ~.l1a .. ;'0.

f

U f,z .. r1Jecovpi"' 1'1 'flit ,\-'Yo,. .\<::.0:-4 U{~ •• ~6«n 6tpiJ,w, ~. O~tlll(<2

J,... XP?

JlJ ,a

){'.1."0

~(l:Vll"'IlQ

",'

.;c ci'~'t(, .ltp
if(liiwv fiiv al7.' EUOOl'r' liloL,,'LV, anoOavOl" /J(JiflEL pi:!- 0 rpa(JI'Y; Evi'JoO', riga/hi t!' ayVliOOI;, ,!'orpE1 ,)' 0 yOfHpioq, rir(JLYc lJ' 0 xuvolJwv, (Ji~£L wiq i!ivwm, x/vel fl' oiJara. Ercixng/.lo;, Bov(Ji(llq, llnoon:. 21 (Kaibl'l).

,H

OJI TOV i/JAur.c, va rQc(m, eci 'XCiV'C; r1 i;W1! (Jov

rpa.{}v)'yn.:; ,"Eaa xQora:},LsoVV T(1 aayolllrr,

[JewrCi neww f3QovraEL

0

l

{30V'I1:0 {3y6i;EI 0 yO,ucpioc;, "at TO oxu?cocloJIYo TQIY/WUC;,

ocpvQ[i;ovv to eOl'eOVV/Ci, "01 r' avwi WI' "/VOVV1(U.

To a:n:oorraolLU :1.QOEQX£1U~ (J;TO 'tOY BOV0112'11O\J tmxciQ

:l£(J1YQO.fjJEl 'til ~Ou)"~la XCil alnl'pay;cl tOU 1Ig(J "a~ oml _~xu oQullCIta EXOVV WS 8Ella TaUS 'tIC; ya01QlI,agylxES CIlDOcrHS lOU xaAoy.aya8uu ~Qwo. XOQOX'tT)Q10TlXo. OWglXOL cLvCll 0' 'tv:rOt: .l'Q6T01':

/.lou

?ca~

XA~. AQXEtES X(OflWOl€S

necinov, ar"a: tl %E, 0/: QLOL, ouma: wra.

1'Ll':

avrov, %vvobwv: "1'1'0001';, riVED'

MNIH/\ I IAKOB

65

o nEZOr AOrOr

IfiNIKH nEZOrPACI»IA o m;~oe;

Myoe; anoKoM~811KS ana TO nr..supo TOU nOlllTlKOU, xwp[e; va xaosl noMa ana TOV KaMlTsxv1KO xapaKT~pa sKd VOU, ylmi, ana Til OTlYIl~ nou anOTor..Il110S va XSlparpnll8d ana TO Illhpo Kat TO nOlllTlKO r..S~lr..oyLO. uL08£TllOS Eva OUVc:nEe; npoypallila S~SUYSV101l0U Kat sllnr..oUTlOIlOU TOU Ka811IlEpav r..oyou. ·Or..Ol 01 vs6Tspol Ilsr..nllTEe;, Kat omv ava¢EpOVTat Kal OTO XPllOlLKoTspo Kat TanSLv6Tspo dooe; apxaiou ns~ou r..oyou, Ilu\ouv Yla KaAAm;xvlWEVO ns~o r..oyo (Kunstprosa, artistic prose).

o

~fUT£PO~,

~£T(i

TOV Ava~i~av~po, 0Xf ~rOOT~~ X
nporuno TaU, ~TaV 606u'\wvtaKO. H KUK'\rK~ anflKovta~ T~~

OIKoU~tv~~ ~rav unfpSo'\,Kci OX~~aTIK~.

0

HpMoro~

(4, 36)

X'\fu6~fl aUTt~ TI~ npoon
orav 6,\tnw on ~~~ noHoi txouv OXf~lciofl KUK'\IK~ T~V OtKOU

~tv~, xwpi~ Kavtva~ va npoocptpfl ~Ia f~~Y~O~ '\OYIK~ YI' aura'

TOV nKfOVO TOV naplOTcivouv va nfpl6ptXfl r~ Y~, T~V onoia r~v

txouv 00 OXf~100~tv~ ~f ~la6~r~, Kat KOVOUV T~V Aoia IOO~f

yt8~ npo~ T~V Eupwn~."

'O(JErJOdJr:, <1 d["wwJiwvor:, liJ,OEv fir:, A!rwJiav xai X1IWl' aurou mEAExo:; Cl'f'l
xai Or:, bdJ..l:VOCl' aUro y.aTQ~.}I!xOlll'aL,

;.Iai i~ avrou It{'lIaprcrJ.oc, .ToJ.Vmarpul.o:;·

&0 xat rov abwiJ fra,ha
mi {JaO!J,d{l,

TOlrcOV ~I OlvriJ; iyil'frO, ";'T/OCtr:, alTO TWV aprcEJ.wv

(oi 7CaJ.awi... "£)),I/VI:r:, oLvar:, i"dJ.oIIV rar:, aWft'J.ovr:,).

OiVEWr:, h' i'/EnTo Alrw},or:,.

ExatUio~, 7OTo{Jia 1/ rcvw},oyia, a:toon. 15 (f1
Yae

o OQcaOiae;, ywe; rov LlwxaAtwva, ~Q(3E mT/v Aaw,lia ava· ~I)ro)vrae; f3aaD.ELO 01;.10 TOV, XaL I) axv).a rou yc:vT/aE E)'{[ xovwovQo. Aurae; ;r(Joora~t' va ro ;mQazwaovl', XI arca ["elVO rpvTQwac XJc~lICl YEf.Uiro maq!1)J,w' YI' avra Xat <1>vno ol'oltaaC ro aQCJf:JOlxo rov nUlai. Ana uvrol' 0 Otviac ()'(JOf. ovopano.uivoe; hot ana r' ap.frO,La (ywri ol71a},alOi «O(VEe;" oJ06pa~aJO r' rt.!uiJ.t.a.). Kl ana rav Olvia eY11ll: 0 AlT(uJ,ae;.

o ExawLoe; 0 ML),l;Ot.Oe;. JIOU xun) l1]V UJ)VI.Xl; EJIUVaOWOll (500-494) liwv '~b 'l 1tQWf,UT'1;, OuvE'IQm~c lEOOcQCI P,LPJ),La: 1£1'W},O)'UPv X
66

!:J.SV un~p~s IlLKP~ II nopda nou 0Iavu811Ks, av KPIVOUIlS ana Tllv anomaoll nou XWPI~Sl TOV np(lno oW~OIlSVO ns~oypo¢o, TOV
Azir(ii JrOIWO'V Ea oixia ~To))a TE xai peya),a. Ka! ITE{I! Pf:v PI. rpvow; tij. bta(po{lij; xa! "I. PO{!(pij. 'E,Tei ()f rama Esc.ri).c.oav ;ravTa nov f:v rtl :4.oi" [xa! rn EV{!r1m"J ovrwq etn. mo{!! lJi: rijq tiOv/li7]q tlOV tivOIlWJrWV xai tijq avav(jIll'i1Jq, ou ti,TOM xaim~l'ara xai OE(Ja;rovra;

pWTf(Joi £lOL TlOV EIJllwJraiw,' 01 :4.0t7]vo! xai r,/~{I(Vrf(Jot xai OE(Ja;raiva;

ra !fOm, al w{!at aLUa! paltora, ou pE:'/ala. ra. pEra i/a! rdJ..).Il ooa b£LTavra,

POM. ,Tott:Vj1£l'a, oiiu bri EO OE(JPOv OVEC. £.Ti EO !/JVX[JOv, brei bE ;ravra aOtpa yiyvrrat,

ti;J.a xa{!aJr).Jima,· ou yilt? yivovrat ixrr17isu; rijr; yvw roY yal'Ol' rrOllVOLV.

P1J; omc. pc.taoramq hTlV(}q rov owparo;, arp' orwv £lxo; TTIV o{!)'qv ay(!wiioOai rc J
bi~ pc.riztlV piiJJ.ov ~ f:v T~ aiJrfjJ au! Eovra· ai ya(} Tim liic; JTQtc.L tpii(Jo;

pc.tapoJ..al dot TWV mlvrwv al L"Tt:yc.i{Jovoat riTv yvwp1JV PEra TE xai xaAov

i/ai f:v ain:(iJ ;rolxiJJn rijv

rlOl' tivO!)(imwv xai oux EwoaL aT{lc.pi~nv. bta ravrar; xai '{Jy1JVOV

ipo! fJoXE' ra; Jr(!orpaotar; avalxE; crvw TO 1'&0; EO xai Hi '{JY1JVoiJ bwpara ...

:4.017]V(lv xai Jr(}oof:n bur rou; vapovr;' rij; yap 'Aob/; Ta Jro».;l pao,).tiJc.raL tPE/lEXV011" U-ltOlJlt, 7112 (€x/), Dieb - Kranz), I:tnoxQot1];, Uf(Ji tii#wv, iJliarwv, rlJJfWV, XHp. 16. Kat IwJ.au rov rpuaXvovv /l£YclJ.o xat rQavo. KL orav ra Avra yw u<; OWrpOQE<; nov nC4!ovma!;ouv OL J.aoi r7]r; ~£rikll)av avra oJ,a, xat XQ£la!;oV/l£va Xat oov},.ov<; "at 1IaQaoov2evrQE<; xw r' aHa oaa nQEn£l oJ.a, oral', AOl Aaio<; w<; nQo<; r7]v wwavY!lQaaia !lW r7) /loQrpJ/. 'Gao yta TO OU Ol av8Qwnol dvw £X£! arjJvxol Xat avavOQ04 7] nov. oAa J/Wv iro/.fJa, xavovv ro ya/lo. DEQunav OVO xVQtOUQ7] wria nov Ot Aawu<; riVat nw an02£/lot ano PEQE<; =0 TO ya.Lto, i/W rou 0 la<; lpuaxv£t iva ulpavro, TOV<; EVQwnaiovr; Xat mo /laAw,oi arov xaQa"rJ/Qa dvat WyciJ..o Xl O/loQlpO. xat mxvw 0' auro nAou/li!;£l rTJ F7] xw rov Q"wvo xw rov Qi/EaVOV w naXarlO. ro "A(ua, nov O£l' naQovaLa!;£L Il£yaJ.E<; Otaxvwivaw; ovu nQ0<; r7] !;Ean) ovu nQo<; ro xQVO aUa ixn Ilia oraOEQO r7]w. 'Erm 7] '/JUXJ/ OEV OO%IJ1a!;n rou<; !;W7)QOV<; Exdvov<; To lTagan8EIlEvo XWQlo (to 1IQww aw1;o~\'o 11£1:;0 ' ) 1IQo ,,20vw/lov<; OVrE ro O(lJJ1a u<; {3iatE<; E"dvE<; fl.£rafJoU<; nou EQXEW.L (flTO wa f.l1l8LK~ UCpliY'lOlj WU E; Ey.rpQa~ curo o,H07/nOU aUo Ot£YElQouv r7]" 1/JvXJ/ rou av8Qwnov ow; €fLrpOOll<; (piya rE "ai xaJ.ov), ~ . ~ ~'" "at OEl' rov arpJil'ouv va T/01Jxclon. Auroi /lOU '!!UIVErat nw<; dvaL OL J.OYOL nov OL J.aoi EI)<; Aoia<; Eivat anoJ.ElwL, ,uta X(lI. ~JWQlGIl~OEL; alTO tEtQC1f.lE).Ei; n; rraQaoooLaxi; tQIIlE).E'; X(lI. wro anovwTE; OEVUQr; 0l'w<; atria dvat %at I) lf02mxJ/ "araowar; nov

I /i~=;;!!i;~~~~~

£m"Qard £xd !IQaYl'au, Ot n£QwaouQot 01,0 TOU<; J.aov<; r7)<; Aaia<; /3Qloxovrat i/arw a"o r7]v E~lYvoia (JaolJ.taowv. MEtCtrpQ. 1:1. i\1I110UQA~<;

€JtOVC1A~'1IEt.;. nQorpav~<;

ELvm X(J.L ~ aOf;lorrrm OHI X9il(J~ fll; \)110 wxnxl\; OUVOEOll;.

H 1IQaywnEla !IEQ! aEQwv, 1506.rwv, rOlfwv, 11011 GECUQElTCll to]' lrnm~gt'(,p', 6CflCl iXcl t11v EltiOQaOl] 1I0l' c;,;ad w (~U L~.O Jt£I?~ano\' lTroy uv8Q
xo8w; xm TO aVI"(Qo~·lla nEQ! i£Qi)c vovoou, xaQaxT~Ql 1;OVWL rna toy A. Lesky akrlGLva OWIlCtvnU T~; En:~VLX~; ).o'(Ot£xv[o:<;. EvwvwL; X(lI. EOet) a~.o~'l ~ OOfL~ tWV 1IQota aEWV JtQooloEt XU1IOLOV avaorpuAWl..

AITOKan]OTOO~ c~op8pw~tvou ~tlloue; oU~wvo ~c TO ncpi iip8pwv nau ou~ncplllo~eavCTol OTO mnaKpoTIK6 corpus. H eu~ovTlv~ ~lvloTaupo (90e; 01.) dvot oVTiYPoo an6 TO CIKovoypa",~~tvo UlTO~V1]~O TaU AnaUIIWPCVTio, floupcvTlov~ BI6},I08~K1]),

,._----. I. N. KAZAZHI

67

o nEZOl: Aoror

ATTIKH nEZOrPACI>IA M8TO TOUe; MIl01KOUe; nOAeIlOUe; Il 0PXllYlO TaU SAAIlVIKOU KaOIlOU nspltpX8Tat OTIl OIlIlOKPOTlK~ A8~vo. 'Onwe; Il naAIl tTDl Kat Il OIOAS KTae; Tile; OSV KOTOTPUX8Tat ana nAtYilOTO ~SVO¢06LOe;, oMa OVTl8t TWe; OtX8Tat KOI O¢OJJOIWVSI OTOIxsio Kat SK¢POOTIKOUe; TpanOUe; ana OAOKAIlPO TO ¢aollo TWV Aomwv OlQAeKTWV. LTo KAslvav aOTu OAAWOTS txouv oUPPSUOSI ov~OUXo nvsulloTO ana TO ntpOTo TaU SAAIlVlO~.lOU, nou OUIl6aMouv OTIl OIOllaP¢WOIl TOU OTTlKOU ns~ou Aayou as S~O[p8TO apyovo WIOTIlIlOVIKOU, nOAITlKOU Kat 8SWPIlTl KOU np06AllIlOTIOIlOU. LUIl60TlKO oioKpivOUIlS mllv S~tAI~1l Tile; OTIlK~e; npa~oe; TpSle; ¢aOSle; Til VnpwIll1l (nplv ana Tllv ovtYSPOIl TaU nop8svwvo), Tllv KU piwe; KAODlK~, anou KUplOPXOUV 0 nMTWV KOl 0 looKpaTIle;, KOl Tllv Il8TOKAODlK~ TaU ::SVO¢WVTO. LTO npwTO moolo TaU 0 tVTSXVOe; OTT 1 Kae; ns~ae; Aayoe; OUVSXi~SI TIlV lWV1K~ YPOIlIl~ Tile; npOOOt:UTlK~e; onOTlVO~Ile; Tile; nOiIlTIK~e; OKSU~e;. LTIlV SV[OXUOll Tile; O¢IlPlllltVIle; fOQ'Y1o<;, oJtooJt. 82 B6 (f,'.O. D,-K.). OlOTUnWOIle; OUJJ6aAAOUV onO¢OOlOTlKa 01 TOAllllpo[ VSOAOYIOIlOI KOI TO OUOIomlKonOllllltvo ouot A;roo,tSI) rovrwv Ta rQonou:z }WV Earl)aav /lc J,elq;vQa rwv EXOgwv - Hli~ yw rov Llia, xOa,Ul7.lIO yw rov wuro rov<;, TSpO Il8TOXWV KOI sm8tTWV. avroi 7T:OU OEII rov<; ryaav sEVE<; OUT( I) i,lIrpvrl) IWXI)H"Orl) isvapXIle; Tile; tVTSXVIle; ro, ouu OL OE,unoi EgOlrE<;. ouu I) igLoa nov I;wvErm r' ag npa~oe; 8swpdTOl a iopyioe; 0 ,1Iaw, ouu I) El(!ryv11 JlOU ayaJla ro "aUo<;. ME oi:·:wo ASOVTivoe;, nou WlOKt¢8IlKS uifJw; yw rov; Ow,;<;, /lE 0),1) uEfJau,uo q;govriba yw TOU<; we; npt:06SUT~e; Tile; nOTplOOe; yOI'd" /lE oixCIlJ) w'onlTa yw rov<; OV/lJlo}Juc. 'IE aq;oaiw TaU TIlV A8~vo, TO 427, Kat 01) yr,,,o.nl E/lmoroauv11 yw rov<; rpLJov<; rOlv. Ti.a roUTO a (Javaro( ruv<; OEV (Ja.l/o.rwOE rov noOo pa<; yt' avrou<;, rov 8o~mwos TOUe; A8IlvOlOUe; IlS ;roOo JlOV, aOell/aro, ,iliaa ora ,WI aOavaw xog/ua, Sf( 'iCll Til PIlTOPIK~ TaU OSIVOTIlTO, 0 rOJQo nov EJlCi1j!av va.l;ovv ExdvOL AOyoe; TaU iopy[o, KOTOKSp 1l0TlOlltvoe; as IlIKPO KOl KO 2:10 n((QrmG.vU) XlOQlO (;wQml8cWL Xo.wrrl~,LlfVO (Jt xw ¢Ta, lao ~ «naploo» Il8TO~U ),0) ono rov 'Emrarl-W -rou fOQYLa CLvm oQar~ ~ riCQL){~ flOVOV axofl1l anoofO~lcua~ orro 10 rrOL1lrLXO ieES,I.O,/1O X((L TOUe; KOi OVTI8sTlKO KWAO, "1V rrOll11lx~ (J%£U~. rruxv~ r:'l'/Qar'r,aw.6t11W, rragG.lO), oyona Tie; OnoTollSe; 8qJOTl !.lOl VEOAO,/l(JPOL, vEoxorrc<; EXiflQuOEL<; xm 11 rtiSooo<; "1<; Kte; 1l8T06aosle;, KOi ¢tPSI , (J\)00lIJQEU011<;: oiea cnmi (OUPltEQI),ari~avOrll:Vl1S xm lljC aV8TO TO 60pu ¢opTio TWV )(((TG.XQ11011; lWV O\)OlaanxorrOL1']~tEvuJV f.l€10XO)V xm E.' 1 nAOUOIWV nOPIlXIlTlKWV OXIl SErlOV) U1L~QCtOUv lil; avG.YXE<; r~<; Ofj)1']Q1l"[VljC OwrlmlO IJOTWV, nou snOVOllaOTIlKOV 011<; XCII TIl' (\ ,) ).("(1 0'117'1: r YOPY1SlO (Til V«naVU ¢OPTlK~V Kat untpoyKov OKSU~V», KOTO TOV LlIOVUOIO AA1KOPVOOoto). o Myoe;, OUXVO OUTOOXSOIO mIKOe;, IlS W[OOOIl OTO KOIVO ¢OvtOTSPO OIQVOIlTlKa nOL H A8~v6 'IC TIEplouAAoy~. Avay~u,ayxo~IK~ ~Ia EITITlJ~6Ia oT~A~ (~E KQT6~oyo nEoovrwv onwe; OTO 'EA£VI7<; 'EyKWIlIOV, Or ~6Xq;) (Aelivo, Mouodo AKpono~rwc;). KIVdTOI OTO OPIO TOU nopo06 Mapru(}w bi; rourOlI'

rplJJUJ.w Euniuavro rrov JroJo£piOlv,

,jiO; PEv lI;,aJ.paw, iavrrov OE avaO~para, OUi< ii.;UI(!Oi OUTE EPIfiVrov ii(!EO;, OUTE VOIlipOlv EpOnOlV OVTE Evo;rJJov {!llbo, oUTc r{JlJ.oxaXov El(!Jjvq,. ucpvoi PEv Jrpo, rov, Owv; r0 oLxairp, OUWL Oi: Jtpo, rov, lOxia, Tf} Oc(!aJrci,a, oixawi /)i JtQo, rov, amov, T0 !ucp, roucfJEi, bi 7T:(!O, rov, rpiJ,ov, Tfj RimEL TOiYI!.(!OVv aUTrov aRoOavovrOlv 6 ROOO, ou (JVm;riOavcv, lii,i.' aOavaro, tv oux aOavaToL, urn/taUi I;fj ov 1;0)vrOlv.

~ou,

onwe; OTOV KOAsl TOUe; nupooue; «KpOTlmOUe; Kat TOXlmoue; oyytAoue;", TOUe; yunse; «tlJl\!UXoue; TOepOUe;", Kat TOV ::tp~1l «Llio TWV

68

,.-=:~~~!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

o lWKpilT~C;, TOlxoypa
0 lw

KpaT~C; OEV i:ypaljlE

BIBMa, o~wc; Kara T~ ~apTupia TaU AAKIBI6o~ aTO nAarwvlKo IupTToalO (215 doe) ~TaV a aplaToTEXV~C; T~C;
n(!wrov IIEv oiN TOmo E(!W

on bixaiwr; avr6lh

xai oi Jriw]ur; xai bijlIor; ,TJiov CtEiV rwv yEVVaiwv xai rwv JrJ,ovaiwv b,a robE, on biifJOr; Ean v Oavvwv rar; vaDr; xai rip buvafJlV JrE(!inOEir; rii JroIEI, xai oi xvjJEgvfirw xai oi xEh:varai xai 01 JrEVT'lxOVra(!xoi xai ot :J!(JfjJgarat xai al vaWT1JYOt, -obroiciaivoi r~v buvalliV JrE(!!nOivur; rfj Jro),EI Jro),v fJiiJJ.Ol' ~ 01 oJrJIrw y.ai Ot yc'l'vaiOt xai oi xg'laroi. brElb~ oiN raura oiirwr; CtEl, bOXEI bixaiov Elvw JraUlv rw)' IJ.pxwv fJEUIVW tv fE riii vVv xJ.1gQJ, xai E-V rff XE/gorovi[1, xai J.iyEll' i'i;£IVW r0 jJOV},OIlEvQJ nov ,TOJ.ITWV, '1'£uoo-?:tvC)'piJV, :10,/vaiOlv nohTEia, 1. 2.

°

°°

nSpOWV», Elnov all anOTOAIlOS TO Sm6AIlllKO U
°

To J!Qwro },omov .1rou Oa J!W Eivw au J"wwloY'Ii','Va JrI anv£Tw EOW (aT'll' AOliva) au 01 J!oUot, 01 "i"IITEr; ;WI 0 laor; Eivw J!QovO!,WVXOI aE oxim/ ,liE rour; EUyEI'cr; x,·,< rour; JrlouaioVi;, yta rov ),01'0 au 0 lao; u'vw J!ou ",vEi TO aIo},o XQL (j{VEl mo %Q6.ro~ r17 c5vvuprj IUU/ %(It Ot TL.uol!dQ'7(j£~J OL xcJ.Euad;, 0' vJroxdwadr;, 01 a"oJroi 11/( --dwe'ls xw o! XC!Ta.uxG'vClori~

;r1.olWJI, -avIol cLvC!.L

T1) ,1,Jvrc/.l1) rou,

Of;

rs;.,

J[()V ()fvovv (fTO %Q(lTO~

a, II '" o,,).i a V())TF(}(Jj 1/ Tl7.~f.WV

:ro}, Vi'fYC
Ot Ev;ro.r{}i(j[~ Hat Ot 61'8QWiWl rwv

EJ!Elolj, lO'~Toi', uUTli civw '/ ,TQay/ww,OTllW. [)lxawloyr/ piVCl JrlOUV£ICU orl JrQI:.TU

£ire /if

DA.fJl va ,un:lxovv OTG

a~l(h,lluraJ

wxvouaa Hyoe; ro ;wQov x),'lew!Jl7 Fin I" X£l{!O rovic<, "C({ AU J,xc,[w/w ;,uYOlJ ,TQhEI va il.l'l ,,6.(-), ,UaOr;T1Ir; JrO)"ls Jrou TO EmDIJ,l1£L Till!

A(1XC
'1 (!L'i,i,o,'IOTW·1 "1 ),.£1;'1 XI.ELOL «oiy,C(LOY» ErrLilAEOY: 1"'1 [lW

qJO(1a TrGU TraEt va aJTox'''jUEL ~L£'(EOO, 11 00(1'1011 Ill' 13(1o.xEa xWAa (~tE nn(1Ey8ElJ'11 F~'I'(rITL"ou UALXOU), 10 altOTf)"W~La OEV EUOOWvF'lCIL il),r'l(1we, Hf'
OTCl

voJ'I'V'1 nil 'P(1a011'; «0 Tllv o,'lvaILlV TrEQITIOEi; TJi IlO),CL», Y,m

'1 ouvtr(xux11a1w)·,ouOla OLClW(1c100nm, KL OW""

10

iet'sL

AO~LO, an1v aX(1aLa ),L'0ulTa XUL OLXOVOIIlo. TOU, )t(10xaTO· Aa~I~C(VfL l:llV ~,l[1TUXlC( EVO, (11'ITOQa ()QV 10'1 '\u 0;.a , E'IW Ol

0U\'TaXUXOl ;r:WjUrtuHClfLoi rr(10UOl!Ll1t:OUV 10 OQOllO '(La EVav L0WQLO'(Q(('1'O oay lOV 80u"uoi.o11.

I. N, KAZAZHI

69

o nEzor Aoror

APrlnnAIOI H OIKOU~tV~, OIlW~ T~V
LJlXl!etOU xai [Ja{!uuanOOr; yiyl'uvra, JCato£r; ouo, 1f[!£ uPUr:£[!Or; ptv Apm~4JgT/r;, vuimgor; bi Ku[!or;' bui oi ~oOt:vfJ. LJa(!£ior; xai um»JIT£1J£ uhuri[v Toii piou, ipov Jao Tro trato£ apcpuri{}w JCa[!£tvw. 0 pi:v oiJv 1fP£UPlrT~Or; trap OJ v iTiryxal' . Kiipol' OiP£TmiiL'Tf:TO MO riir; a{!',(Tjr; fr; aUr:ol' rJaTpaJC1jv brOi1]UE xai rrrpaT1JYOv be aUr:Ov aJribEL gE 1C!ivrwv auOL cir; KarrrwJ,.uii trEoiov aOf!oi~ovraL. ::Ol:Voqatlv, KV[!(JlJ 'Avapau'r; 1,1 (nQooL,uLO).

o LJaQc!or; xat 1] flUQvaanr; wri"T1jaav ovo 1fau'5ul, rov AQw;eQ;1]. nov IIrav i.LEyaJ.vuQor;. "w rov KVQo, nov >irav ,utxQouQor;. EnE£or, LlUQc!or; >irav aQQwcnor; "w ou:uaOavorav ro Tdor; T1]r; I;w>ir; TOV, r,GdE va eXEl xovTci TaV X(ll ra ova nwoul. 0 !,EyaJ'lrrEQOr; ywr;, ,lOLITOV, fJQwxowv IWTci aVlmTWa1] Exd' hat iawAE va rpwva;ovv rov KVQo ana T1J OLOf.%1jT"'r, nEQlcpeQEw onov rov dXE ronoecrr,aEl aaTQrin7] XCll rov dx£ oLOQiaEL cnQrH1jyo oJ.wv TWV aTQanwTwv nov eXovl' wr; Tono avy"evrQwa>ir; rour; rT/v JrEouioa rov Kaarw}..ov.

°

o AOyOC; tOU 2:€voqJwvw I€ VUl AltO;, iTE {pya J.'EyriJ.a TE "ai Owparrra, Ta PEv CUT/Uf, Ta /j£ pappapofUl atrooqfJiwa, ax).di yiv1]1'w., ra 1'E iiV.a "ai 0" TIl' ahi1]v iJroJ.ip1]uav aUq).oLUl. HlujC010" 'Turogia, 1,1 (nQooi'lLO).

o HQooorOl; ano (T/V AAlxaQvaauo ExBETEl €Ow rlr; EQW lIE, rov, yl!l. va ,ll1]v ;EOwi!uia£l fl€ TIl. XQ';'II/Q 0, u eylvE ana raur; av8QwJrovr;, wiT[ iQ)'a J.l€yc,).a i<(ll BaVILacnrJ., J/{Iay 11((rO~o(1],ueva ciVa wro TOVr; 'DJ.l/VEr; XCII a)),a ClJ[() roUt; P(((I{JUo0U(, va a{J'iaoUl' aoo!:a' lowiu!}a y/vrrw ;'0'10; yw r1jv wria nov avra/ Jro),ti!'1]Oll.l',lIEtIl.!;v rout;. Mnu'PQ. t.. N. MaQwvlrTJ<; LtO nQooi!J.lO C1]),WVE'tUl. :rgOYQll.fl~ll.mxa TJ tUuton]Twv) anOqJEuyoVTOL. Kcnu xuvovu 0 AOYO<; to\I ElVW !LUXQorrEQLoCOC;, EVLOt€ wmooo ovnAUEWL OE !UXQEC; llQOtaOEL<; OXEOOV aVE~6.Qll1T€C;. 0 LOtOQLXO; JtQOllflU t1]v llaQata~'l ana tTJV \lllOtUSTJ·

70

EPYGPA GMAILA

Tl<; TO T£AIl TOU 60u at. 0 £VT£XVO<; AOYO<; O1IlV EMooo nopo~£v£l £~~£TPO<;. H n£~oYPQ
ljJ£UOOVT0100li50i»! H ovomu~1l TIl<; 10ToplOypOep[0e; O
o

Aou8~0£1 TTlv £~£AI~1l TIl<; yAWOOQ<;, oM6. KOl OTllv npo8£O~ TOU va

o =£VOpiT~, npiJl>o). f)ovxvi5ii5q, 'AOqvaLo, !gl!vEyt!al/J£ rol' ;r6).,£flOl' rwv ll£l-OJrowquiwv xai 'AOrrvaiwv, £0, i;roU.flTJUav ,Yt!O, allljl-ov" li(Jsaf/£VO, wOv; uaOwraflivov "ai l:iwTiua, fliyal' rE [(JwOal xai O:!gw).oy£Orarov rwv Jrf}OY£Y£l'1/pi l'WV, uXflal.gOfl£vo, on o:xflo:l;ovri, r£ "(Jav i, aUrav O:flPor£(JOl ;rat!a(Jx£vif rif ;rO:arJ xai ro /illo 'RUTJ 'IXOV ogrov 5vv1.ura)/EVOV ;rgor; ixarigour;, '1'0 /It'-v CVOVr;, ro tJt xai i5WVOOVf/£VOV, eOU"1JI)II)'l~, 2vyygarpiJ 1,1 (1IQOOIJ.lw), 60v"vO£OI), 6 :AOl)vaior; Eyem/1£V rqv iow(!iav wii Jr:oU flOV flnaE,v rwl' ([£?oJr:ol'l'l)aiw" xai rwv:Ael)l'aiwl'. Tijv CTVYYQUrpijv auwii qex/aEv E150Vr; it:, aQxii, rii, hlliet:,EWr; rou, own 7rQOELOEV e' cmi{3wl'f flEyaAor; xai 7rEQW' aoreeov clE,WflVl)flOl'Evror; MO Xo.Oc Jr:QOI)YOVflEVOV 7rOAWOIf, xai [au,un£eavE rovw MO TO ycyovoC; aprpo TEQa ni y.Qarl) y.aT1iexOVTO cit; aurov, [VW £/Jl]ia"OvTO dr; rijv clY.,llqv rijr; navrar; £lOOUr; OTQarWmy.ij, avva,IlEWr; lOW, xai OTt ,'{J},mE TOVr; Aourovr; "£),,)'I)VW; ELrE WaOO,IlE:vOVr; aflEaWr; EhE OlQVOOUfI£vOU, WUAo.XWrul' WXOO/Jl' .7']0; ro [V ij TO aUo ItiQOr;.

on

on

KPOT~O£I TO YAWOOIKO TOU oPyavo O£ KCIT101a ano01aOll ana HIV Ka8rHl£pIV~ yAwooa. IWVlo~oi ~ owplO~oi anaVTOUV o£ Kd~£va OUV 81lKWV Kal O£ OIl~llyopi£e; nou £K¢WVOUV nOAlTlKOl ~ IlY~TOP£C; ~Il OTTlK~e; KOTaywy~e;.

a

=£VO<)JWV (n£p[nou 430-355;) 8£WP£lTQl we; Il "aTTIK~ ~sAlooa" Yla Til OQ¢~V£la KQl TIlV anAOTllTa TOU U<)JOue; TOU. 001000, 11 n£pm£ T£IWOIle; ~W~ TOU, nou £ix£ we; OUvsn£lQ a¢£Voe; TllV anouoia TOU Yla ~£YOAO OI0011Wa ana TIlV A8~va KQI a¢£TZpou Til ouvavaoTpo¢~ TOU ~£ ,:::,wpldc; ao¢aAWe; wllPsao£ TllV Ka8apoTllTa TOU A£E;IAoYlou TOU. 'ETOl XPllOl~onol£l nA~8oe; ana opOue; Tile; onapTlQTlK~e; O1pa TlWTlK~e; l£papXiae; Kal Tile; nOA£~IK~C; TaKTlK~e;. 01 IWVlOflO[ O¢£lAO VTQI oTa nOlllTlKO TOU QVQyvwo~OTa CO~IlPOC;) KQI O1llv £E;oIKdwo~ TOU ~£ Hlv IWVIK~ n£~oypa¢la. ~,

va

'BOll OTO 1IgOOL~lLO Tll~ 2uYYeaQJ/)r; aJtavtouv w Bamxa XUQUXnjgL
"/ El ;-1 '{ h.

o 00UKU~i6~<;. ~CITTO~tpW] OTTO TO ~woo'I'K6 T~C; Gerasa (S£poAI VO,

Staalliche Museen),

MNIHAI IAKOB

71

o

nEZOl:

AOrOl:

PHTOPIKH JI1.£iUTWV}lEV oliv ayaOwv airioue; xai }lC/iUTWV bwivwv clsiou, ;'youpu£ YEYcv!iuOa£ rove; lOTe; uwpaeJ!v {mEr! rije; ',--,'Uti,lOe; Jrgox£vouvwual'rae;' ov P~l' ov(ji rwl' Irgo rov Jro,Apou TOvrou yEvopEvwl' xai (juvaurEVilavrwv Ev £xa rig{l roil' :ro)Jo£l' fJ[xawv tl.pvrypol'Eiv, ixEil'Ol yii.fl ~ilav oi Jr{!Oa(J)~1ilaVr:Ee; rove; Urty£yvopEvoue; xai ra IrJ.riOry z{!o r{!i:r/Jal'ue; EIr' ag* xai ltU£zoiJe; avraywvwrae; roie; PagPri{!Ole; 1'r1lt1ilal'Ue;. !lJOXQl1T1];' lIaWJyuplx6r;, 75. [JQO~CVO' rwl' Jrq;naaouQwv WEQYWUVl' xw ciSLOl rwv

,uc

yah;uQwl' EJwivwv ixoul' xawaui, xafa U/ yvwpry /wv, 0/.0£ oaO! QllPOX£VOVVE vaal' Ttl !;w;' rove; yw r'lv cil'vva frye; EV,aoa;. Kl opw; Ocv dvw oi"aw va SExva xavd; OVrE ,,,dl'ove; nov i!;rwav nQlV ((,ro aural' rov ;To},E,aD xw xv piQvrwav ne; OVO aurie; no;.u:;· ywr/ avroi nQoyvl'vaaav lIlV urOI'Evry yEl',a, JrDQaxlvwvrae; TOl' },ao aT'll' no},E/lwI llQEnl xw avaoECxvvovrci; rov aE ax}.7]Qo aVrlllClXO rwv {Ja[JfJciQwv.

o !00x90tl1£ (436-338), 0 Ugl(Jrot£XV~s rl1; xa),)"mXV1]~IE V11; rrgol;a£, ~Wv EVll; emoAlm.O£ XaL OAUfLJtLO£ lJxoA&.9X~;' I\oyoygc 010 olr.ao1l1QLO. 2:10 £lOOS £XOVWE: Eva uqro; xa8' u:r£Qro hjv i.ITO xm oLCluyEr;, Yla va 1lCQVC
;-0

H ayupIJ

Opl~eETotivTcv ~E

o>:lpil >:vwlypo'l'wv Ku6wv, HOPor

EIMI TEl: ArOPAI (A8~vo, MOUC1Eio T~, Apxoio<; Ayoptic;).

72

To oUOlaoTIKo Aciyo<;, Kal ~£ TIe; Tp£le; BaOlK£e; orwool£e; TOU (we; A£KTlK~ ~ov66a, AOYIKO £mx£iprllla, Kat PIlTOpIKoe; Aoyoe;), BP~K£ TIlV nA~PIl Kat ap~ovIKOT£PIl £Kq:>pao~ TOU OTllv KAaOlK~ aTTIK~ PIlTo pIK~. IlaTi £K£i ouvouooTIlKav ~£ npoTuno Tpono Il op80£n£la, Il AOYIK~ aKpIB£la, Kat Il £UO'1oxia Il PIlTOPIK~. «Kav£vae; o£v ~£P£I va um;paoTIlO'1£i ~Iav un08£01l KaAlm:pa ano TOUe; 'EAAIlV£e;", napa O£X£Tat 0 BlpyiAloe; OTllv AIVWJOa. II' aUTO TQ PIlTOptKO K£i~£va TOU 50u at. KaT£KTIlOav £mq:>av~ 8£01l OTO OXOAIKO npoypa~~a Yla Til OloaOKOAia Tile; ypa~~aTIK~e;, Tile; AOYIK~e; Kal Tile; PIlTOpIK~e;, npovo ~IO nou OIOn'jPIlOOV O£ OAIl Til OIOPK£IO Tile; £AAIlVOPw~O'lK~e; OPXatO TIlTQe; £we; Tllv Avay£vvllOTl Kal, nopan£pa, we; TIe; ~£p£e; ~ae;. H aTTlK~ PIlTOPIK~ avopW8llK£ ~£oa OTO oq:>oopo aVTQywvlo~o TWV oAlyapXIKwv Kat oll~OKpaTlKwv ouvo~£WV Kat T£A£IOnOI~8IlK£ ~£ Til OOqrlO'1IK~ KlVIlOTl Tpia £lOll PIlTOpIK~e; OI£KptVaV 01 nOAatol: TO OIKaVIKO, Myoue; £Kqrwvou~£voue; £vwmov OIKOOTllpiou, TO navllyupI KO, £YKW~lQ £vwmov navllyuplKWV OUVO~£WV, Kat TO OU~BOUA£UTlKO, nOAITlK£e; ayop£uo£le; O'1IlV EKKAIlOio TOU O~~OU. a Kovovae; TWV O£KO PIlTOpwv, nou KOlapTiO'1IlK£ ana (M£~OVOpIVOUe; ~ n£pyo~llvoue;) ypa~~OlIKOUe; Tile; £AAIlVIOTlK~e; £nox~e;, m;plA6~6ov£ TOV AVTlqrw VTO, TOV I\uoia Kat TOV loaio Yla TO OIKaVIKO £iooe;, TOV AvooKlOIl Kal TOV 100KpoTil Yla TO navllyupIKO, TOV L'l1l~008£VIl Kat TOV A10XiVil Yla TO OU~BOUA£UTIKO. 'Hooov£e; qrUOIOYVW~[Ee; 8£wp~8IlKaV 0 I\UKOUp yoe;, 0 YnEp£iOIle; KOl 0 L'I£ivapxoe;. npWT£uouoa OTl~aola an£OIO£ Il PIlTOPIK~ OTIlV £KqrWVIlOIl TOU AOYOU KOI OTIlV 1l80nOiTo (~£TOAAO qrwv~e;, op8pWOIl, OTOOIl KOl XEI POVO~iEe; TOU p~TOpO). AqrllYOUVTQV OV£KOOTa Yla Til OKAIlP~ OOKIlOIl, ~£ Tllv onoio KOToqrEp£ 0 L'l1l~008£VIle; vo un£pVIK~OEI Til v£UPIKOTIl TQ, Til ouoap8pio Kal Tllv ayopaqroBio TOU, rl ylO TO nwe; 0 AIoxivlle; ovoo£iXTIlK£, ono TpiTIle; Toxa KaTllyopioe; 1l80nOlo, O£ P~TOPO KOl ~oAIO'1a aVTQywvIOT~ EK£ivQU TauToxPovo OXEOOV ~£ Tllv E~qrOVIOIl Tile; PIlTOpIKrle; np6~1le; KUKAoqroPlloov TQ npwTQ npaKTlKG £YXElpiolO (01 TE:XVE:<;) Ylo Tiloloa OKOAio Tile;. H OIOaKT£a UAIl nspIA6~60VE Tpia K£qroAOla Tllv E:UpWT), Tllv Til~T) Kat Til AE;~T) EUpWI<; OVO~OOTIlK£ Il npoOT108£la, ~£ Til 60~ 8£la Ev6e; p£nspToplOU EUP£TIKWV Tlmwv (oTooewv). va Tunonol1l8Ei "'1 (JKOAOu8IlT£a olaolKaoia, npoKEI~£VOU va OPIOTEi AOYIKO ~ VOPIK0 Il ouoia Tile; a~qrtA£YO~EV'le; n£pimwOTle;, :(01 va ClQTUTTuJ80uv nC:LCY1u((l, OTIlPIKTIKo rl avatp£TlKO, £mX£lp~~OTO. H T6~1<; aVTI~£Twm~£ Tllv a\lo yKIl Ylo AUOlT£A£OT£PIl OIOTO~1l TWV oToIX£iwv, Kat OTIlV OAIl ouv8EOil TOU AOYOU, Kat OTIlV £K8EOIl £IOIKG Tile; £mXEIPIl~aToAoyiae;. H AE;~1<; aV£AU£ TO uqroe; Kat TIe; ap£TE:e; TOU: Til OOqr~V£IO, TO Ka8apo £AAIlVI KO, TOV KaTOAAIlAO «KOO~O", Kat TO KOTO Tie; n£pIOTOOEle; «np£nov". To npwTo 0~UX; Ka8apwe; 8£WPIlTlKO £YX£lpioIO PIlTOpIKrle; ~Tav Il PT)TOPIKr, TOU APIOTOT£AIl· H YAwooa Tile; PIlTOpIKrle;, qrUOIKO Il ATTIK~ 010AEKTOe;,OUV£~8Ai X81lK8 ~8 TO dooe;: 0 apXatOT£pOe; AVTlqrwv KIV£iTOl 0'10 iow ~rlKOe; Ku~aTOe; ~£ TOV AIOXUAO KOl TOV 80UKuoioil -ypOqr£1 OTIlV mo aUO'1Il Prl KOl ouv£OTpa~~£vll aT8ioo' aTO OAAO OKpO 0 L'I£ivapxoe;, 0 enovo ~a~o~£voe; «KpI8Ivoe; L'l1l~oo8£VIle;", OIOpKWe; TOAavT£UO~EVQe; OVo ~wa OTO OYKIlPO KOI 0'10 £nin£oo uqroe;, £mo£IKvu£1 TIlV noM mo «av£I~£vll" ATTIK~ TWV Xpovwv TOU. fa,

w; rov,

w;

'E(J7(if!a tID' yap 1/1', I/xC b' ayyiUwv n; JrgUUlV£l, 'EMima xauilIJ Jrra!-. xai pHa raul)' 01 lIb, cuOv, isavaoTilvu; perasv bEmvoVvr:cr; rovr; r' b. rwv O/lIJwi)v TWV xara rill' aYO!!aV ESCl..lIYOV y.ai ra yi!!!!' bmif/Jrga(Jav, oi bi wv, aTgarIJyoi" p£Tmt'I'Jrovro xai TOY aaJ..JCtyxr~v ixaAouv' xa! Oogv{JOU JrJ.rjPIJ' i/v i] JroJ.i" rfj b' uOTEgai{l, apa rfj 'IPEg{l, 01 pb Jrgurava, r1rJ' {JouJ.~ D
J. L. Germe, H I/Jpuvry £vwmav Tau ApEiau nayau, (1861]. Kare Tav nAaurapxa ('HeIKG, 849 e) a Ymp£;o~<; un£pOC"IO'T~K£ T~V £Talpa puv~, KOT~yapau~£v~ C£ OiK~ oa£6£;0<;, ~£ npwToTuno Tpono: O'TO KP;CI~O a~~£io Tq<; OKPOO~OTIK~<; OloolKoaio<; a au v~yopo<; OI';PP~~£ T~V Wa~TO T~<; £Tolpo<;. To KaMo<; K';POIO£ T~V wl£iK£1O TWV OIKOOTWV (A~60upyo, Kunsthalle).

on

'EJrErprE TO {3Qaov, OWl' irpWOE ayyEJ.o. OTOK rQvravEI. IJ-E TO !-'rjvvfw xawJ.rj rpOIJXE II Dama. KL aUTOL, nov rIJv wQa EXrLVIJ wwJ.a.u{3avav ro {3paolvo rov., OIJxwl!,/y.av ano TO {()anil;l xwo.Um nrjpal' va OIWXVOVV ano oY.TJvi. ooov. iPE val' EXEI, "cu va nvp.co?01.1" fa no{)anrjypara, ciUOl aval;ljrlJoav rov. aTpan)yov. xw "aJ.wav rov oaJ.;uy%rlj. rEPLOE 1J noJ'1J !!opv~o ;WI mpaxA. T1Jv mO/JFV'l, fiE ro rpw. r'lr; ,uipa., 01 npvcaVEI. ouyxw.wav r1J fJouJ,) oro !3ovJ.wrrjQw, XI wei. XlVi) oarE VW rIJv E,,%i.1Joia TOU Orj/LOV' xW JrQ1V axo,u1J E/(JaxOovv Ta OEwna XW E"oo!!d TO ;cpo{3ovJwpa, 0 xOojJ.o. oJ.o. dXE nQ.QEI ;"oJa. eioEl<; TOU oro ?Orpo. Kw ,Uj}.U; (TII);"E:l7:Qw(hj%Q.v Ot {3ovhm/::,. Y.0l 01 :TOVruV[K .avc!%oivUJo(tv nc 7CJ.1JQOrpo 'QiE<;, ngooayovra<; y.w roy aYYEJo ;wv EiXE I{!EflFI. Y.Wld;,,/OE Xl E,,€iVO., iOWE o xrjQuxa<; TO EQwrq,lIa: "DolO. OD,n TO J.oyo;» -%«t. Oev iPYWVE W£Qoora :
n.

n.

r"

o

H OE~lQ'[ExvLa lOV il~fl.OaeEV·~ (3S4-322) lWQoumatE1ac EOW aE oAo TO ~EYO)'ELo l'1e:;: 11l(q:)]lY~0'1 HOV au~~avTwv "a8aQ~ Xat llQoooEVuxa anollaAuITu)(~, Xat ~ 118oYQa

q;'1a~ oOQ~ "at J[nuux~, XWQLc:; LXVOe:; ltEQtH1le:; ).E7CW~EQELUe:;, EVW ~ m,,006fl.lluq Tlle:; Em)',EtQ~I-WlOl,oYLae:; ELVClt xamnEAuxl'l. Anotj.EuyoVHll lit xaovwoLEe:; llClt 01Qi[lQa )',ue:; QUel-lOe:; (uuu). MaxQEe:; XClt ITEQLJtI,EWEVEe:; :n:EQLOOOL ECJXEjl,U.EVO Evol,).aaOOVTClt I-t£ xwl.a ~ga)',Ea, yw va I-l~ )',a),agwvCL iraTE 10 EVOWLT01€ oAEe:; Ol mOXEe:;. H IE-;(vll O/LWe:; TOU il~fl.oa8Evll OUVL01aTm a111 oWQ){~ uJtEQ~ao1] T~<; IEXVL"~e:; xm o).wv 1WV y.avovwv 1~e:; "at 0' aunjv TOV w8auaE 10
npuTov£io. Iro K,;vrpo T~<; Ayopo<; o,;ono~£ q 06.'.0<;, '1 ~OVl~~ tJ.. nAwpo TIl<;, "Aol crr] 06Ao, OTO naAOIo BouAwT~PIO, 'l>'uA(iooovrov TO Clq~oOlo ,;yypalPO oal auv£opia~£ ~ BauM (Avonap
I. N KAZAZHL:

73

vL

'Xu ~[l)UQ 'A[l)U(ll A<:?>lIAo,l Lmu1il801n U lOA)3 A{l)AQ,lllDldUHDdDX 'noAQ'< (lO>lldO¢Odu nOl A{l)30DrJ¢>l3 A<:?>lIlDrI[l)lQl 1O>l A[l)Jdori ~08uyu QUD l1AilriOIlDrI{l)dX l,l>l1l11f ~AlO>l 3D ~13D]d>lOUDl{l)d3 ~3r10lA(l0 13(l31DdlD1U3

(::>96 L-::>v6 L 'JUXrN ''(9) T;J1nD

D]3r1uO lJl:r 'noAQ'< (l0>lldol lJlU19D3r1D A111

QUD 1lT;J>I (~QQ08?r1 ~>lIln3lDri U 'JOXA3y?

° lD13(lA>l13QlU3 nouQ 'A{l)AQ,<

-DlQ A{l)0ilrllD>l A{l)r11(;Jdu Am D)d{l)X 3D ~(l)]dn>l) ]3dU1DlQ nou 'OAO'(T;J1Q ~»n¢ooo'
A01 :Q>lD>l 01D1XT;J,<3 01 30111;>80ln oAr~'( Q1UDdA AOlD

A~XdDlD>l ~DlA(;JlD1UOnl7 'noAQ,l[l):r 0 'DQ!81D l1AilrlODld13r1 ~ ~dillonD AU1 ]31380ln '00Q10{l) 'lJl111QA0l3,
'("/)9oao% 01. 9UO lJOllX9 01 "-OD!}orlIlOOU vf) mO!}oQ,ml.. V1119 13?Y H 0) [6 8J«~90rtOX 4 AO'('(9r11lJoo?'/9 A'I) lJnO',IO S(10"9 '\1ol1rD S0l13Xx,?0H," :J\O'lC)ll MQl ~91o.D JrI OAOXD"lJ OriOO'K90X111 ~OA? A~OX3Wlm S"1~D S3~1J1
-OOOli 0111 10131\19 SUODlDl:lDX Sh"'11l,000W Slu lIODl0911ll H 'mOM? luU9~0(1Q lOA]3 '0'(0%(13 1OU~)Oml\AO"lJ I\3Q ,?"30rtOJr QWO '(tOlAOlf 13XOQUrt 5010UO 0 ':OOA9V 59X1YOOllX Sm 'min -938 U119 13
SIIA1J1C)l"8"n Sill 1'\10\' 1ll 13~~90lfrt D~ reOl Q13G'?uooou I\Ul3:

3r1 OAilrlmdo¢ oAQ,< Q13U Q>l1l>l13Q1lJ3 3D ~UOUJOU ~~>llAo,l

5~j3-"alJ

~lld31JDlQl ~111 01>l3'(9JQ UlO Anor1OldODJDrI~XO

l/>lIlU10lJ

~~>l1l3t\lDdDlJ ~111 1l00QT;JdDlJ All1 ADOllT;Jrll1XoD13r1 ~;>lDl¢OO 10

'Ol>l3,lld{l)17 ~>llAX310Ao,< 3D ]38{l)Un1DlQ ADX]3 A{l)]3doADenlJ A{l)l «lJlDrlO(l0>lD» Dl-~Q13U ~{l)lAT;JU T;J'('(D '~Q>llrl8nd

'~Q>lldoAll'<'
'~Q>lllDldo
nlt9J DY9 ,D llJ)( 'l)1dJ001io "iuD 17))( VJdJOD I.UD 17))( SO)(UBJU ]3"vm DB '93() 01 371 IlDl0Y.I..!}D 3D 'SaOU(OO()
o

(OJV IIQ10 JOllrl)", '~l1eA93'<){) ~XOU3 ~>l1l0

-lAU'<'<3 A111 lD>l ~(;J 1D131JX3Ano ~lulOu-noQOO'
3D ~130~'<>lllJ3

'~130(;J10rlodDlJ

pun

S00319i!JOD 0

'~QA>lnU '~9>1IlDriODUO

-OUD lDA]3 (01)l3'lllD9D13r1 DA? ]3,<310UD ~0113'(>l9dH

'~olDrI~d13X1U3 (lo>lIAo,< n01 ~0'<3AAT;Jodu

°

lOA]3 nOlJ 'oAQ'< 9>l1l380lJn

A01 ~odu 10>1 DrlQ>lD 'oA;>r1A01310un A01 ~odlJ AnOAJ,<>l '(~31U1938

01 371 J3()loxl..aD "V 'S071U%D'I)

17)"]3

'SO,!?I.. 0"7ucpOB"lJ SOUUBJU S0031pmoOl 0

'(')1"0) £89 'SOl13'(X~(jlJ '<11.0'£111 5,rr(rr! 5201 ?V)( 13',((P)( !VX ;JJdiolJ

IV'" lV1p,,-vih 50)(/tOJ1t MPO 5rJ1t 501rmpiholJ '? "Ol1t~)(Jlftr

~]3A31>l3 '0138]lJ3 9)JllUrlDO>l) ~nOlJ?

n01 ~13099rlno ~ll A(lOIOUOrilDudX IlQAO'r1Di3 30 ~nOl ~3!d{l)3e ~Il An01;>e>l3 10>1 1l00QT;JdDlJ All1 Af;108no,lD (~llA

'(")I·-a) (::8 {J 'SOll3'(",~(jH -"l:r((Pf!rlrw 73.qi. ~mlto/t1(}Ap 5rJlJJJv 50UJ7(('9x

'? "mx~071t

-9¢OA3::: '~~'<>lOQ3UrI:J '~UQ]A3r1dDU) lO¢OOQ'(l¢ 10rl1(;JdlJ ~13d1 10 'oAQ'< Q13u AOlD AD>lUl OJ39]d>lD ~n01 ~O{l)U(ll -DlQ 111 DlA AD0(l0llOlJD ~3]d{l)38 ~n01 ~;>>llOn¢ 10 ~Q13lJ3 10>1 T;J'('(D '~Uo

-?riollmtb

10AQ'(olDnlllUlOlJ n01 T;J1Q ~{l)]dn>l 101319d¢>l3

'lumrD9YYlJ 10m iJI\~Y3I iJ '~(L01 -DUD S130(i801D 10 'UoU80)DOlJU D1r1 QOD1L 1DI\)3 I\3Q u,.~YJ:<: ll"

-(;JAA ~Al.tu UlD1UQliDAD ADO(lod{l)38 ~nolouo ~no1 '~;>lUlOU ~nOl QlJD A(loelllOUOlDDlOOlJO DA OJA 10>1 (~llA;>r1liDAIf '~OdQADrI]iDAV '~~'>lo ~>llAUY'<3

II

'10 nos n01 DO;>r1 Dl ~O. '~{l)d1;>rlrl3 DA9AD}I T;J1D>l n01

H "SCndi
SO"-?~ 0) SepdJ S0701Pl'Y9 SOUrtl9AOY 59Y.1GUriO 0 ')J1101008lJY.D

M1 "rtO'Pll113 S31QmriOlJX S?y.l031m03 10 my. S130(iXiJODU 10

-9U(1

'(JOJ3I1CfJQ9 - IIQ1QOD lBl2lIlA) 01.9'< od13r1r1? 30 j3unlOrl{l)AA A{l)'<'<9UV 0

-?lUll,,) iJo38:1~lJ H 'ShA\Ly33: Sill 010JdJ90313 01 D1k lL038

9'('(D '(II01Dldp 1I0dl~rl 'IIOAP II~QUrl) J{l)d1;>r1rl3 JUo]U3 ]O¢OO 91lJ3 10

'lJlla9lAO ~%lllJdJ1~n my. luD109uf101<;> iJl13~t;lyiJ'Q0Jrrt (S~vtb

°'Q13lJ 30 DlDrlA;>el

~3JrllOdDlJ ~llD )3
'Ul131\iYI11rtlD1Q nrl'?~rto lOX (v~pq) I\lQ30~001D M01 D1'lD

~)(llOmM u,,?nmo010311 ~Ul mk pdJOOO'(ldJ SlLQl'\3noDil

0

'SOltb 01 -0J<9Y'(lJ lJ<1? UA U10 roO!}A 73~}0!l.A7fjl DlX!}" 1110 VD?,19"-731Oltb

'('}I'-O) ~lll '5bq1"3nonu -51!Jdi
'(O!Jonow Q~IA93 '~rll!'d) ~OQO ~01l1ll\f ~Ul D'~IO 30 ~~XOIl3 ~~~ldo1pd~OlnD ~U1 9l"'Q

-1
VICI»OIOVICI» JOJOV

JOZ3U

0

EVTQ~1l TaU OlQAOyOU OTIlV QQV[~OVTQI OUXVO IJETOXlKEe; OUVTO~Ele;, nAEovaolJoi, nEplPQ01l KQl TQ PilTOP1KCx ax~IJQTa anoonouv TIlV npooox~ ana TIlV ouoia. 'ETol, EYKQlVIO~El TIl
to

to

tJtix yixr! OaVllaCElY oi aV()(Jwllot xai YVV xat lI(Jwrov I(!WyEtY r~v ijesaYro IjJt),ouovUI./la, A,982 b.

&a to on to

'7 ixnAry~ry ryrav XaL ELVaL ry n(}wtry a(}xry ''7r; cpt),oaorpiar;.. av Aomov ,0 XivryTQO ,wv n(}wtwv cplAoaocpwv ryrav va ;Ecpe-vyOVV ano jJ.w xaTaoTaary ayvowr;, ELVaL cpavE()o Emoiw~av Try yvwary yla Xr1(}ry tryr; iowr; tryr; yvwa'7r; Xat 0Xl yw nr; nQwmxir; Tryr; avvinElsr;.

on

H JtQWt1'] WtO H<; nQoYflU1fl<:<; nov OnotfAOUv 10 MaO. Ta
ana

Ap)O'TOTtA~~, Tcilv Mera Ta ¢>UOIKO. E)l(ovovpa
8E0i10P02: cDIMPET02:

75

EIIAfOfH

EMHNIITIKH KOINH ov8pwno~ £ivQl KOTO TOV APloTOT£AIl "~4JOV nOALTlKOV" IJE Tllv £VVOIO nw~ 1J£00 oTIlV nOAIl, oE 1J10 oPYOVWIJ£VIl oUVQl ~. ~~':~ VE1IK~ KOlvwvio, IJnopEl vo o~lonol~oEI oTO £noKpov 11~

£lJepUTE~ lKOVOTIlT£~ TOU KQl vo np01KIoTEl KQl IJE EniKTIlTE~. M£oo oTIlV nOAIl KQlIl yAWooo, TO KOTE~OX~V opyovo EmKOlvwvio~, nAOUTi ~E1Ql, EKAEnTUVnOI KOI 0IJOAOnOIE1TOL H oUyKpoTIlOIl TIl~ nOAEW~

KPOTOU~ KaTO TIlV OPXOiK~ nEplooo oE oUVOUOolJO IJE TIlV K081£PWOfl nOVEAA~VlWV 8PIloKEU1IKWV KQl 08AIl1lKWV K£VTpWV, Til ouvOl\J1l oUIJ

1J0XlWV KQl £UPUTEpWV nOALTlKWV £VWoEWV (allC/>IKTUoviOl) Kat TIlV OVOnTU~1l
AuvollTWV OIOAEKTOAOYIKWV OIO
vo OIOIJOp
£vo ElOO~ un£pTOmK~~ KOlv~~ 'O~ Tllv oPX~ TWV MllolKWV nOA£IJWV OUT~ 11 IWVIK~ KOlV~, 11 onolo 1J0VOnWAEl OXEOOV TOV £VTEXVO nE~o AOYO, ElVOI "11 yAWOoO nEplwn~~", Mno TO n£po~ TWV MIlOlKWV nOA£IJWV, Tllv nOALTlK~ KOl nVEUlJo llK~ IlY£/-lOVIO TWV EAA~VWV OVOAoIJ80VEIll A8~vo 0 n£pOlKo~ Klvou VO~ ouanElpwv£1 TOU~ 'EAAllvE~ KOI 11 ouanElpWoll OUT~ OTO yAwoOl KO win£oo WVOEl Tllv AnlK~ OIOA£K10. H 08IlVO"lK~ OUIJIJOX[o (478/7) IJ£ £opo TO lEPO TOU AnOMWVO 0111 L'I~AO w180M£1 W~ K£VTpO OVO
o

A£uOfl Hl~ KOlV~~ 01 ypOlJilOTIKOi OlO
84

~IQMKTWV

(11 iK ni)v nooapwv OuvWTwoa) , OMOI on QUT~ ~1ov lll1ll

Ttpa TWV TWOOPWV, OMOI on WPOKEITO Yla ntl1mll OLaAEKTO ~ on ~TQV I1En#:AL~ll Tll~ AnIK~~. H TEAEu10ia anOl)Jll nou unoOT~pl~1: Kat ma VEon:pa XPOVlQ I. XQT~I66Kl~ KQl noMoi OMOl tYKUPOII1EA£Tll Tt~ EiVQl II op8~. L~I1Epa, noVTw~, 111: TOV opo KoLVT'! EVVOOUI1E 10 olocpopa EninEOQ YAWOOQ~ I1E Tl~ OUVWQKOAOu8E~ UCPOAOYLKt~ ano KA10El<; nou 0 EAAllvlKOC; KOOIlOe; XPllOLI10nOLOuOE OTOV np0qJ0pIKO KaL EV IltPEL OTOV ypamo AOYO ana TllV EMllvlmlK~ w~ TT]V npwlllll 6u~avnv~ wOX~. npOKELTat ouvww~ Yla IlLa yAwooa nOAUOUAAEKn K~ KaL «EYKUKAOnatOLKrl" nou tXEl tvav nup~va IlE d;aKnVWOEL~. AvallqJl6oAW~ OEV 111Aouoav TllV [Ola KOIV~ A8llvalo~ Kat 0 nEAO novv~OLo~, 'Iwva~ Kal 0 MaKE06va~, E~EMllvlolltvo~ louoa[o~ Kat o «~YEIlWV £K llunKfje; AL6ullC;" LE aVTi8wll qJUOLKO IlE Tllv np0qJ0pl K~ nou napouola~E IJEYOAll avolJOlolJopcpia II KOLV~ ypa¢olJtvll £TEIVE OE 0IlOlollop¢ia. 'OIlW~ Kat EOW 01 OlaqJoponOL~OEL~ ELVQl OllllavnK£~. o LOTOpLKOe; noACJ6Loe; YPO¢EL IJLav EKAEmUOIl£vll Kat nAoUOLOTOTIl KOlV~, EVW wi napaoEiYllan 0 OUVTOKTll~ EVO~ Ka1Oat0llou YPOCPEI

°

°

°

°

To TEpaI~WTO (5,25 x 6,56) T~e; npOlVEOTOU ~£ TOTTio OTTO TOV N£iAo (80 ~,x.), To 8oarA£10 T~e; Ko8oUTO KOlv~e; KOTa T~V £AA~VlaTlK~ mox~ £KT£IVOTOV aT~ M, Aerio, T~ rupia KOI TtlV AiYUTTTO, «TO ~wpo TOU NdAou», To ~~po K"i~o KO' TO o~~w5£e; E~Oq>Oe; T~e; A'Y(JTTTOU ~loq>tiAo~ov we; a~~£po XIAla~£C; nanti poue; ~£ K£i~£vo 15iwe; T~e; ypOq>£IOKpOTIK~e; KOf ~~~w~oue; KOI v~e;, noAu6pl8~o £ival waToao Kal TO £Up~~OTa ~c Kd~£vo T~e; u",~A~e; AOyOT£Xvioe;, H 'ABl]vaiwv noAlTdo TOU AplaTOTEAtl, 01 'EnivlKol TOU BaKxuAi~t1, 0 LluaKoAoc; TOU M£vav~pou, 01 MiIlO/ TOU Hpwv5a Kal aAho a~~aVTlKOTaTa tpya (0£ arroanaa~aTIK~ Kupiwe; ~opq>~) txouv ~laow8£i O£ rrarrtipoue; rrou KpilT~o£ mi OlWV£e;
OE ilia XUI1WOll, aM6 anEi8apXll 0llIlWOll.

85

01 011£0£<; TlTJY£<; 110<; YIO TT]V KOIvrl EiVQl TO KEiIl£VO nou OIOOW BT]KOV O£ £mypocj>£<;, nomJpou<;. KQl OOTpOKa (8poUOIlOTO oyyEiWV), m..OUOlO UAIKO noptxouv £TllOf]<; TO A£SIKO TWV OTT1K10TWV KOI TO £A AT]VOAOTlVIKO yAWOOOpIO, OT]AOOrl 01 OTOIX£IWO£I<; 11£80001 £KIl08rl0£ W<; TT]<; EMT]VIKrl<; nou npoop[~OVTOV YlO TOU<; AOTlVOcj>wvou<;. KOl
.....

niyparpa, 01 £1111£0£<;

,

nf]

Y£<; Trl<; KOIVrl<; £lVOl 01 OIOA£KTOl KOl TO 10tWilOTO TT]<; Nto<; EMT]vIKrl<;, nou OVOYOVTOl OTT] 6U~OVTIVrl KOIVrl, ESo[p£Of] onOT£ AOUV TO WOKWVIKO nou OVOYOVTOl OTT] N£oAOKw .... V1Krl lIWPIKrl

r'

'HOT] OTO npwTO

•

~-

\

1,

>

MOVI~O, nonupo" p, Land,

U),OXTr, I ~& ""'1'Jp

122 = PMG VII, 579-690,

~f '10POOTOOn TOti
o)"voVPO~~OTO, axo~n 6&v VPO¢&I onwe; 0~p'6we; ~,),&i, 0),),0 npoan06&i va ~1~n6&i OlO vpomo TOU ),ova Tn v),waoo TWV ~op¢w~tvwv, In~aVT'KoTOTO T&K~rip,a v,a TnV &~t),l~n Tne; Kalvrie; npootpauv TO no),u6p,6~0 ~aV'K6 K&i~&va (u),o KTlip,a, KaT66&a~OI, avwvai, XT),,) nau txouv lI,oow6 i a& ~o ),u66lvo &),Qo~oTa Ka, 0& nanupoue;, H v),wooa TOUe; dVOl, OV &~OIptOOU~l: TO Tunono'n~tva OUVTOY0),0V1a, n 6n~w6ne; KOIVri, Oplo~tva ano TO Kd~&vo aUTO OUV06&UOVTO' an6 &~oialo CTnV on),o'lKoTnTIl~tva 6'6Aio lI&v ~Tav anovlO &i6ae; OTnV 0PXOIOTnTO, 0, ouyypo de; &",Oln~OVIKWV npoy~aT£lwv KOI T&XVI~WV &VX&,pI6iwv (aOTpavo~ol, ~nXovIKai, y,oTpai, ~06n~OTlKOi) ouvo6&uav TO Kd~&v6 TOUe; ~& &610ypo~~aTa KOI &IKOVOYPOri~OTo,

86

OTOOIO TT]<; £S£AISrl<; TT]<; T] K01Vrl nOAlopK£i KOl TO nponupylo TOU yAWOOl KOU OUVTT]PT]TlOIlOU. TT] AOyOT£xvio. BE60l0 000 ana TO nOlT]TlKO £lOT] £nt 61wvouv (tno<;, £A£y£io,

lOIl60<;, £nlYPoIlIlO) 010 TT]POUV 11£ KonOlou<; oUIl 616001l0U<; TT]V nOAOlo TOU<; T£XVT]Trl OIOA£KTO. KOlVOepOVrl £lOT] oUYYPOrl TT]<; KOlVrl<; XPr)0I1l0nOLOUV 01 £AOOOOV£<; OT]IlLOUP yoi TWV AVOKP£OVT£iwv. TWV npw1llwv XP10TlOVlKWV UIlVWV KOl TWV £PYOTlKWV KOI £PWTlKWV OTIXOUPYT]1l0TWV, Ana TOU<; npwTOu<; WOTOOO IlSTOXPIOTlOVIKOU<; OlWV£<; £1l
dvOi S~OXW<; 1sxvouPYll~SVll (VSOAOYlO~OL, nOlllTlKs<; AS~Sl<;, ano¢uy~ svw 11 YAwooa 10U EmK1~10u (55-135 ~.X.), nou ~1av

xaa~woia<;),

ansAsu6spo<;, oUYYSVSUSI ~S 111 Oll~WOll KOlV~. To nOAlTlO1lKO Aomov Y01l1PO 1WV A611vwv, 11 AOY01SXVIK~ napa YWY~ (lolai1spa 11 ITs~oypaC/>[a) Kal 1£AO<; 11 nSl6avoyKll nou aOKouos 11 KpaTlK~ s~ouoia (a811va'lKs<; OU~\laXLs<; KOI apy01spa ~aKsoovlK~ \lOVOKpOTopia) sviaxuoav 01n olanoA11 1WV olaAsK1wv 111v ATTlK~. H KOlV~, W01000, nou ola\lop¢w811Ks ~1av anOTsASO\la napaxwp~os wv KOI OU\lBlBao\lwv. 'E10l YVwpLO\lOTa anoKAsl011KO aTTlKo, onw<; 1a TT aV1i TOU 00 Kat 11 osun:P11 amK~ KAiOll (Ae:we;), anoppi¢811Kav, e:¢o oov Ol oMs<; OlOASK10l siXav va npoo¢spouv sVlaLo TlJITo. H pon~ 10U aTTlKOU npo¢oplKOU AOYOU YlQ anAoIToLllOll, ollAao~ Yla KaTQ¢UY~ 010 VO\lO 111<; ~IKP01e:Pll<; npoano8sla<; BP~Ke: anpoo\lsvou<; OU~IlO XOU<; Ol aMoYAwoOOl, aMa KOI OOOl IlIAouoav aMs<; olaASK10u<;, Ka8w<; KOI Ol anAoi av6pwnol 10U Aaou aouvOTouoav va \lS1OXSlPI 010UV Tl<; nOAUOpl8\ls<; lOl01ponis<;, 111 ¢aV100~ayopLa 1WV ~op[WV, Tl<; nspL11J\oKS<; OUV1a~SI<; KOI 1l<; Asm01a1S<; Oll\lamOAOYIKS<; ano XPWoe:l<; 111<; aU0111Pr')<; OT8ioo<;. Me: TOV KatpO OUV1SAOUV101 ano¢a OlOTlKr')<; Oll\laOLa<; aMays<; as oAa 1a sn[nsoa, Ol onoLs<; OOllYOUV 0111 oUYKP0111011 e:vo<; sunAaoTOu, 11J\OUOlOU Kat nponOV1WV a11J\ou01su IlSVOU YAWOOlKOU oPyavou. 6aOll Aomov dvOi 11 ATTIK~, aMo 0111 ola~op¢wOll 111<; KOIVr')<; ouvsBaAav KOTa ouva~ll KQl Ol oMs<; OlOASK101. nAOUOlOTSP11 ~1av 11 aUVSlo¢opa 111<; IWVlK~<;. a L1. r. KOljJWIlSVO<; (1907-1978) Kat 0 Aya fl1l10<; ToonaVGKfl<; ansosl~av OTlll OU~BOAr') 111<; L'lWPlK~<; ~1av nOAU 0ll\lav11K01e:Pll ano 0,1l ni01e:uav naAat01spOl sPc:uv111S<;. H L'lWPIK~ nAOUTlOS lOlaL1spa 111 O1POTlWTlKr') KOI VOIlIK~ OpOAOYLa: Aoxayoe;, oupayoe;, I;e:vayoe; (apXlKO: apXl7yoe; rwv plOeOoAoyia, 0111 OUV1O~ll Kal 010 AS~IAOYlO 111<; EM'llVlK~<;. Ol ano¢aOl01IKo1S ps<;, wmooo, aUTs<; ITOU Kupiw<; oO~Ylloav 0111 OIQIlOP¢wOll T11<; Ns a<; EMllVIKr')<;, ouvsB11oav 0111 ¢wvoAoyia. a TOVIO~O<; TJl<; Apxa[a<; E!J\llVIK~<; ~1av 1l0UOlKO<;, onw<; aiV£Tat oMwon; KQl ana Trlv opo Aoyia: apl1ovia, rrpoo4Joia, oE,e:fa, 6ap€f0, KTA. H \l£TaBaOll ana TOV \lOUOlKO 010 OU\fa~lKO TOVlO\lO (aKpt6smspa: 0 AS~lKO<; ana ~OUOl KO<; SYlVS QUValllKO<;) ¢aivnal OTl dxs W<; ouvsnSla T11V KOTOPYllOll 111<; npoawoia<;. H \lovoq:,8oYYllOll AOlnov 1WV ol80yywv Sf1l1OXUVS 101 (e:I->j, Qi-'e) KOI Ta q:,wvr')SVTa yLVOVTOI laOxpova. 'ETal £fIi napa-

BuBAiov

OUK

t~t·

v£xBrjOtTat, tnti Wlloaoll£V' civuyrj onal cina wpor; npw T'lC; /ltXPI £KT'lC;, BI(3Mo oev eo (3yel [(poaov opKlarljKo{Jc f) (31(3},loeIjK'l ea eivQl avolKrlj ano T'lV npwTI) wpa [ano TI)V avaro},1j TOU I)Mou] we; TI)V [KTI). H £Tl'YPO,16810u navraivou (10C; 01. ~.X.). To ,1a80C; aTO avuyrjocrol (u ani 01) ~~,1WVCI OTI ~ ~iOVOT'KO; 8,8,1,oauHCKTCC; ~TOV 0 ~08~T~C; TaU LWKpaT~ Eu9u~~~oC;, 0 Eup,"il\~C;, 0 nA6TWV KOI 0 AP'OTOTC,I~<; (A8i)va, Mouoc;o T~C; Apxaioc; Ayopac;).

,.,

)

-

OEiYflO1l TO I, £1, 1'), (1')), 01 KOI u ouv£n£Oov vo np0£pOVTOI We; i (11 flE TE~£AL~1l Tile; npo¢OpOe; Tile; oL¢Sayyou Ot OE i OAOKArlPWSIlKE flaALe; TOV 100 OL. fl.X.!). 0 LW1OKLOflae; dXE we; ouv£nELo vo npoKLlljJOUV n6. flnOMEe; OflOwviEe; (A£~Ele; flE OLO¢OP£TlK6. VO~flO1O, OL onoLEe; £lXov Tllv iOLO npo¢opo). KOl 010 nEolo TWV OUfl¢WVWV OL oMoy£e; ~TOV 00 pW1lKEe;. 001000 we; mlflEPO OE vEOEAAllvIK£e; OLOA£KTOUe; 10 omAQ OUflWVO (aAAO<;' =clA-Ao<;,) E~OKOAOUSOUV vo npo¢£pOVTOl KOI TO TEAIKa -V nou KOTOOIWKE TOl ona TOV 40 Ol. n.X. E~oKoAouS£l vo OV1lO1£ K£TOlI H ypo¢~ 6£60LO nop£flELVE ¢WVIlTLK~

H OUOOPflovio ov6.fl£Oo 010 YP6.llflO KOL TO C!JWVllflO £lXE wc; ouv£nElo TllV nAllSwpo opSo YP0C!JLKWV AOSWV: WVTO<;, oVTi OVTW<;', Aunov oVTi Aomov, KTA. ITIl flOP¢OAOYlo KUPlOPXIl £lVQI 11 T6.o11 YIO onAonoiWJll, 11 onolo KOl ouvTEA£lTol Kuplwe; OLO Tile; ovoAoyloc;. L:.IOUM0601 Kat TPIOUAAO 60L OXllflOTLOfloi OVTlKOSLOTOUV lOLClTpOna ona KAlTLK~ onotjJll flovoouMa60: 0[<;': npo60rov, J-lO<;': novIlKo<;" 15<;,: xo[po<;" voO<;,: nAo[ov. To OVWflOAO nOpoSE1lKO oV1lKoSlo1OVTOL: J-ltyo<;"

....

'.,

H EpJll(jvl) rpOJlfJOTlKtj. nOprptTo yuvaiKa<; ncpinou 25 crwv anD T~ Xaouapa (Auijpl(;), TIl vCKpanoAIl T~<; Apolv6~<; (<1>0 y,ou~). npoKma, y,a T~V EpfJlovl) TI) rpOWOTlKtj (= oO
Ka, yU'IaiKe<; nou npo':PxovTa, Kupiw<; anD T~V avwTCp~ TO~Il. To Acmaia8~TO aUTO nopptTo 6pioKora. OTO KO/'/'':VIO 8~Atwv Girton TOU Kai~np'T~ (.:. dol;.alil), To rTopTpim TOU oyIOUJI, A8~vo 1995, o. 51, 196).

88

J-l£I~WT£PO<;' ~ J-l£yOAwT£PO<;' (oVTi TaU J-ld~wv), J-ltYIOTOe;. To mlpp~flO1O OE -we; (KOAWe;) nE PloPl~OVTOl npoe; a¢EAOe; TWV OE -0 (KoAa). H nOAuTunla TaU p~flOTOe; nEplopi~£TOI 010 onOALJTWe; ovoYKoio. OpLOfl£va ana TO SLC; -J-l1 p~flOTa npooxwpoUV 010 EtC; OW. i5ii5WJ-l1 - i5ii5w. To T£pOe; TOU OUiKOU OPLSflOU nou ~Oll ana TOV 30 OL. nX £lXE unooT£l60pLJT01O nA~Yflo 10, OEX£TOl ono TOV 10LO TOV 1Il00U Til XOpIOTL K~ 60M: "OuoEie; oiK£TIle; OUVOTOl ouoi KUpl' Ole; OOUAEUSIV» (lIouKo<;" 16, 13).01 aHIKIOTEe; Of.lWe; npoonoSouv vo ovaoT~oouV oUTav TOV apxoiKaTOTo Tuno: i5uo! J-l~ Aty£, aAAo ouo[v (ClJpuvLXOe;) . KaL 010 nEola Tile; OUVTa~llC; 11 KOlV~ EntOLWKEL Tllv onAonOlllOIl, 1Tlv aVOAUTLK~ £K¢pOOIl KOl Til OO~VElO. TLC; yUflv£C; mWOEIe; OV1lKOSI010UV OE nOIKlAse; nsplmWOEle; 01 OKpI6Eon:pEe; EflnpaSET£e; OUVT<]~EIe;. H OITlOTIK~ we; OVTlKElf.lEVO EKTonl~SI OTOOIO KG Til YEV1K~ KOl OOTlK~ (clKOlJ£lV Ilva, OVTl Tlvo<;,). To onoptf.loTO OVTLKOS[OTOTOL: TO EL01Ka ona TO OIl + OPL01LK~ KQL TO TEALKa ona TO

rva + Un01OKTLK~. H EUKTlK~ KAOV[~£TQL KOL 0PlOfl£VEe; XP~OELC; TIlC; nEpmlmouv OE OXPllOTio. H nop6Ta~ll KQL TO OOUVO£TO nEpIOp[~OUV 1TlV una1O~Il. 'ETaI 0 OUVO£OflOe; KO! nAOUT[~£TOL flE V£Ee; OllflooiEC; Ynopxouv A£~EIC; OlWVa6IEe;, flOKpo6lEe;, 6poxu6LEe; KOl E~flEpEe; -OUTEe; EivOl KQI 01 mo SOPU6WOEle;. H K01V~ OVOYKO~£TQI VO onoppi tjJEI £vo JlEYOAO OPISfla A£~EWV nou £lTE OVTlO1£KOV1OV OTIlV 1(JOIl YlQ onAonoilloll £lTE Eixov onoAEoEI TIlV ETUf.lOAOYIK~ TOUe; OIOGVSIO ElTE

~TQV

Um:p60AIKO 10IWIJQTIKEe; dn; OVTmpOOWm:uov ovnKdlJ£vo KOI

o~l£e;

8VTlOly£vde;, Ot OnWA£I£e;, W01OOO, OVTI0108\lI~OVTat IJ£ TTl OUp XIAIOOWV V£OAOYIO\lWV nou £m60Mouv 01 pt~IKEe; OAAOyte;, Ol onol£e; npoYIJQTOnOIOuVTat 010 KOlVWV1KO c;nln£oo IJ£ H\V OVOOO TWV AO'lKWV O1PW\lOTWV, 010 nOAlTlKO IJ£ TQ nOAu£8vIKO KPOTfl TWV 01006 PO~

XWV Kat TTl PW\lOIOKPQTIO, Kat 010 nOAlTl011KO \l£ TT)V £\lCPOVIOTl TOU XPlO1IOVIOIJOU, 'ETOI c;nl nOpOOdYllQTl nOMEe; opxol£e; At~£le; ono KTOUV vt£e; OlW001£e; O1Tl XPlO1lOVIK~ ypOIJIJO

Tdo (ayyc:,\oc;, 01(180,\0C;, E:niOKOnoc;, E:KK'\17oia), KOTO TTlV n£plooo TTle; KOIV~e; Tl EMOOO unOTox811K£ nOAlTlKO OTTl PW\ll1 (10e; ot. n,X,) Kat nOAlTlO1IKO O1OV XPI01IOVIO\lO H OlTT~ OUT~ KO TQOUVOO1£UOTJ 0CPTlO£ OV£~IT11AO OTJIJOOIO OKO\lTl Kat O1TlV £SVIK~ 1J0e; OVO\lOOIO: PW\lIOI (PWIJO[OI Ol1AOO~) Kat XPIOTIOvol OVTl TOU 'EMTlv£e;! H KO

.-

,,,(

.,

/. " v....-("' ... O:t~IW<"Joo<.·'... t •.} 1 ... ~U.OH KIo.'t<..I.U..,... 'NV..-o *

_

l'

~C&.CAoLJOV"Ot,.C.~"""N "'OH.U._

.K-Ir.I"·:.\.:..'..'::Nt1r-.. .

,6i"iI·'T\.I,X~r-...o.tN' il 1 c)....-cI ... U.I .....U:Jt<~

~/;"J

..... .T~&4.rv.....,-

.:;~::;:r~~";~t•..~~;t~~

I -......L~'I r." .....

' I .... ~· ....'''tl;C.tl)oH

~. ~ 1.[..:"I~~i~'~~I~:~:-:~~~-:~x ...

lo

.. :~ 7' ~ . '-:

..

.~~:::c~~,~:~r~(:~.t::;:::.:~:'::::.

•• c: ...... T'1ICOC:!M"I'O'Y .... H':JIt.I4I"" • .....-,.;

~~'«.,',...'\.... n •• NoCn.CN 'y-n" ......

X,t~.:.:.~~~~:..:~==.

....to:'n~:ICA.(I~l...... rll;a)'-l ....1.1 ..U ;J: ....,...C(.'C.~ _~IV';H,~M~±

t_.......

•..

"'"'~

,...I "'>"11 1

t~

•

4", IU''''

,..y............. ...,..:t.>t)C . .

""'tI_ ;".H.. ·.\.'Vt"'kl1roA..O .........

,n'
nU'

..,...

A.y •• ,\,," IU ~r-"'l .. h

U.·I~.'K:-c '~ 1>I.N Ih.·'W":CO 'c' II 1.(""."u.e1lc..... ........ 'U

"1~t .. NT..:."'I)t"'..:I .... rc:K>.1t' .. "11,'''' c' rl' , c:~'C .. Ot.Ay''(7''t'''AC'U)N "~t·t .. C'n1 .... ,-A ..... .Iil..r I , ..... ,e.",...""-J.b•• re.,.. TOKTTlOTl TTle; EMoooe; ana TOUe; PW\lO[Oue; ~TQV A C.)C:..... ICjlo"...........~·'I ... JCtt ... ~ur~~l'l

~.~:~'~~~~:~~,r:.::.~~:t:;;:::~: CPUOlKO VO OOTlY~O£1 oe EVO YAWOOlKO oouvat ,. ~.. .~:~~,I\~~.~.J~~.~;:~I.~~:;;.,' .... Nt.~·· ••• IIC.~I" "'~.3l.&tf~""It.,....., 1 0..';11,· .. ,(· ..... '-\"1 • ...,......... A06dv OVTQYWVlonKOu XOPOKT~pO. 01 PWIJOIOI ~f- ~:;::~::., ~':I:;r0:t'11~:,~~~~'::.: ;.:;:.It'.:::~:;~\',~:~~,~~~~;~ ~~ ~:: :;:~~ :;.~;.:~: ~~ We; £vOUVdOTlTOI 8£IJ£AIWTte; \l10e; nOAu£8vlK~e; _~I;:~~~~~~~:~..::~:: ';[::r;.:~ .)..(.I,,('(l:a..y I I'"'' 1"J.)I(',....·lh~ , ·"rC,,~ Ic'NUI e'..... ",Y I~':C.-· ~'.c: ... I """':"('~H· ........rl, 1·1(~. ·,""(I'''~ ...... K>-IC" .""'~ ••"""':-t.... I(;e~' . TEe; moue; TOlJde; £Kdvoue; nou £vlw80v OTI "-".~ ••."""'·..c, u- ...... • ,~).tC":,,-...r \.) ~Yt: :::~. ,,:-,.'t '~;:J;~;.;·:::~C.;:~I:~ 'I""""'Y .~ I'· q,Jlt,.,/""IN 'ON'Oo_ -.(4..1N .'t."'l.'",",'" ••• ..., a ,. , . , "" ,>f... U01£pOUoov. 'ETOl OPYUPOAOYTlOOV oumTllJon ":,, un ... , 'U· ~·· r..)..4 \.1 HI f\ .. ' ... ... 'W'lu' 1 1 '.J"'Y :....L'-t."J fOIr"It'Vl.a KO TTlV EMTlV1K~ YIO vo KOAUtjJOUV ne; OVOYK£e; A ........ II)(~'t.:~I"'Y. '(J .... II.r(ll.. .H'r.I.~ ~ · '4u ·\.,I,l" IIt·,.J. . I()~ .... ""',Jtt,.Cy("'".1N .. 1N "J.f',c.n •.......-i. 'I, ~r~··,~:;~~7:~I: :M~~~~~:~II.:;. h ,C' •• 1(·,.... ' ..:V.... C.l ...... T11e; cpTWX~e; OYPOTlK~e; TOUe; yAwoooe; O1TlV T£ K),.I"' .... ·1 , ... V .. .i..('h ••• ~K""' • .".,.'(~r'I\'''' . . . ,I)o..N"l~ _ J" .... I. 1C-'AN 1<"" tll ...' . · UU.,'~rl

. '-I'''';'',.t,J'''""'Y\ •• <.:C.....,...y.".. : XVTl, OTTlV em01~IJTl Kat mTlv 110unoS£IO, riO VO ,·AU"'.<"INI~M(1 'o..·•.!,.... 11 ....- , ...... :a...(:.Il.UA ... ·C .. C'.. , .......... ~

,~ ••• '·"".. · L I.""yCIUI'"(;t,..... ,'''' .....·",·,,·,..V'UM,,;H Unh,l JIo.V--'" OI£UKOAUVOUV TO OIOIKTlTIKO TOUe; \lTlXOVIO\lO "I' .. ,. 0 t"::)"ll(''''-'''' (,:K . , 11"'''\''.:''>' ",\,:1"-"1 '11"... 01."',.... OUV£OTTloaV £n[OTJIJTl IJnacpp0011K~ unTlPWIO , •.-. ('"'"t':'
:;;,r:.

;;.';.::'

H.)(·

",,':I\,,"'C:H~h:("JV\

(~

t
'-'-'.."'h·t-'~'flllr,.

1

l~ry'l'l..~

~l'"

.:II,.~

.L"'('f"'

(:.I(~1(.\U

-,ll(·.~'.~1

"·to'~(·,,,)\·,

.C~lI

" , . , · . . . .\):1(

(,\,,:· ... ,

"III.n:~

1

1 ....... h H 1f",),,11

•••

)1(~ • • :

-4II~"

)o,'#I('''~l'o..l}to..", f l

,~

... "

. - , ' · .......

1 .... '>1.11 •

.c.~~t IIII~

..... ""').,1\11.,"1«

I \III ...

1 ( )....

I-t. ' I l '

i ... :'~( , ....

89

POTQ11l OTO AE:~IAOYIKO. na~noME:e; A£~E:Ie; nou nOAl1oypaep~8llKaV loiwe; OTllv ot(JI~1l KOIV~ 0laTIlPouv101 we; ~~E:po: rirAOe;, J-l£J-l6pavl') , J-liAIOV, olKrGrwp, Kaorpo, Kap60uvo, onin (ooninov), naAan, cpa6a, AOUKaVIKO. !\onvLK~ E:nI011e; npO£AE:UOll £XOUV TO OVa~OTa TWV ~IlVWV Kat apKE:1a aVSpwnwvu~la: !\vrWVIOe;, Kwvoravrivoe;, nouAx£pia.

H OUVOVTIlOIl E:AAIlVIO~ou Kat 10UOO'i0~ou ~TOV ~IO Tpau~onK~ Kat Yla ne; OUO nAE:Upte;. OL 'EAAIlVE:e; KOT£KTlloav KOI 8£All oov va E:m80AOUV TO OIKO lOUe; KOOlloE:iowAO Kat TO OIKO lOUe; Tpono ~w~e; OE: tva AOO nou 8E:wpoUOE: TOV E:OUTO TaU we; nE:plOUOLO. 01 MOK K080[01 on01[va~ov TOV E:AIIIlVIKO ~uyo KQl YIO tva olaOTIl~a 11 lou oOla nOp£~E:LVE: OVE:~OPTIlTIl· 'OIlWe; TO 68 n.X. 0 nO~n~lOe; npooopTIl OE: Tllv E:UPUTE:PIl nE:pIOX~ OTIl oepo[po E:mppO~e; Tile; PW~Ile;. LTO ~E: lO~U, ~Oll ono TOV 30 at n.X, £vo ~E:YOAO ~tpoe; TWV louooiwv Tile; OIOOTIOpOe; E:ix£ we; ~IlTPIK~ TOU yAWOOO Ta £AAIlVIKO npoe; XOPIl Aomov OUTWV TWV E:AIIllvaYAwoowv louoo[wv (tAAI')VlOrai) 11 naAQlO LlloBf]KI') IlE:ToeppoOTIlKE: OTllv E:AAIlVLOTIK~ KOLVr]. H ~E:lOepPOOTIK~ oloolKaoio OI~PK£OE: nE:p[nou TpE:le; aIWVE:e; (To 818A[0 TOU '/w6 ~£Ta eppoOTIlKE: ~aAte; lOV 10 Ql ~.X.). To KE:i~£vO TWV E8oo~~KOVTO (0') OE:V tX£1 E:vlaio YAWOOLK~ ~opepr]. 01 nOAunAIl8E:ie; 8ap80plO~01 ('H;oooe;, 18, 6 Tpia tyw £/J-li), OOAOIKlO~O[ (rtvwle;, 1, 1 ouv rov oupo vov), 0ll~11l01l0[ (tv + £vopSpo onop£~epoTO, rtvwle;, 4, 8 KO! tytVE:TO tv r4J elval auroue;), 10 aKAITa ovo~oTa ('A8paaJ-l, 7aKw6) KQl YE:VIKOT£ po TO OKoMwmOTO KQl TPOXU uepoe; onOKOAumouv on 0 OUlOPXIKOe; Aoyoe; TOU rlox8t ouoepopouo£ ~E: TO aAMYAWOOO £vou~a. YepOAOYIK~ avo~oloytVE:la XOPOKTIlP[~E:I KQl TIlV Kallfr) L1lQBf]KT). To tva OKpO KOlOAO~8ovouv 10 n:XVOUPYlllltvo E:AAllVIKO TOU !\OUKO, 10 OAIIO 11 aUXWIP~ OIl~WOIle; Tile; 'AnOKaAUi/JT)e;. 01 nOAunAIlSE:ie; ,,8IBALOIl0[" (01 10LOTUniE:e; TWV 0') Kat E:8po'i0~oi Su~i~ouv OUVE:XW<; on 11 KQlvr) lllQOrjKI') OE:V KOTaAuEI, OAIIO OUVEX[~E:I KOI OU~nAIlPWVE:L TOV NOIlO Kat TOUe; npOep~TE:e;. Ta IOtoTuno E:AAIlVIKO Tile; Bi6AOU, nou npOKOAOUOOV lOV onoTpomOOIlO TWV 8l00WTWV TOU onEep80u EAIIIlVL O~OU, Enllptaoov ~£ TIlV £mKp611l01l TaU xplonovlollou TO 0IlIlWO£e; KUp[We; p£u~a Tile; KOlv~e;. H KOIvrj Aomov ivOl ~IO V (DOOa EnlKOlvwvioC;, nnu OloepoponOl E:ilOl ana nE:pLOxr; ae H£PIOXr'], K 8W::; XPW~QT[~£1Cil ana Tllv TOnLKr'] OIOAE:KTO (5wp[~ouoo KQl IWV[~ouoo KOlv~), nou ap£OK£10l OTIe; ~wllpte; E:KeppaoEle; (Eu8ue; Myoe; aVT! nAoy[ou, unEp8£1IKO OVT[ OUVKpI1lKWV), nou £molwKEI Tllv £~epoOIl, 11lV EUKp[VEIO KOl Tllv onM TIlTo, nou npooAo~8oVEI, ov nopoOTEI ov6YKIl, 06v£lo ana Tllv Ut)JIlAr] AOYOTEXV[O (AaiAai/J), oMa KOL ono ne; vAWOOEe; o~opwv AOWV. E[vQl En[Olle; ~IO VAWOOO nEplwn~e;, TO KAEIO[ VIa TIlV npoo8aoll OTO ov080 EVOe; ut(JIlAOU nOAl1loll0U ria OlWVEe; nOMOUe; TO OVUO~O Tile; EnIKpa TEIOe; TIle; ~Tav TEpOono. AAilOESvE:ie; llVE~OVEe; (Ap~tVlOL, nop801, o LIKAW 0 8aOlA[OKOe; TWV Nou860wv), IEpE:ie; (0 Alyunnoe; Mav£Swv, o B08uAWVLOe; Bopwoooe;, 01 <">pU[OEe; Tile; rOA0110e;) KOI OOepIOT£e; VpoepOUV 011lV KOIV~. LTle; opxte; TOU 30u at nX. E:VW 11 KOlv~ apX[~EI Til 8pla~8IK~ TIle; HOpE:iO npoe; Til VAWOOlK~ E:VOTlllO tou £AAIlVIO~OU, 11 PIlTOPlK~ EVKO E:~nE:lp[a

KW~IK£C; TWV T£aOOpWv EuaYY£....JaTwV o£ tva £p~OpIO. ljJ'ltpl~WT6, SOC; ai, (Pa~tva, Mauaw....£Io T'lC; Galla Placidia).

o KW~IKOC; nopouOIO~£1 tVOVTI TaU nonuplvou Ku .... ivlipou noA ,1,0 nAEovEKT~IJOTO. 'ETm OUT~ 'l ~opq>~ 818Aiou, nou E~¢lovi ~£Tal TOV 10 01. ~.x.. liIOT'lP£lTO' we; a~~Epo. np61ipo~oi T'le;

6t8010 un~p~ov TO ~imuxo KOI noAumuxo (ano nonupo, nEp YO~'lV~ KOI ~UAIVEC; nAoKEe;), nou XP~OI~onOlouoav we; np6

XE1pO O'l~EIW~OT6pI0. 0 XPIOTlOVIO~Oe;, onwe; o"won a 10U ~o'io~oe; KOI a ~wa~EaOVIOIJ6e;, £ivOI 9p'lOK£iEe; TOU 818....iou,

KOI IJOAIOTO TaU EVOe; 816Aiou (fuoyytAIO, nOAa/a LJ.laei)K~,

Kop6vlO).

90

TaAdm:l OlOOlOKO TO ALKVO Tlle;, TllV A8~vo, KOl KOTa
To OVOXw~o O£ OUTO «TO 80M p£u~o TOU 0poVTIl» oVC:A060v va uljJw oouv 01 OUOlllPOI 8£~010¢UAOK£<; Tlle; KAOOlK~<; nopooooll<;, 01 ,,'AT TlKlOTOi». 'OIJWe; 0 XAlOOVO<;, K£voAoyoe; KOl OUTOpWKOe; «00l0v6e; ~iiAO<;» ~TaV c:vo<; £UKOAO<; oVTinaA.o<;, nou OnAw<; Ol0811K£ TO npo

OXIl~o '110 Til ouon£lpwOll TWV OUVTllPllTlKWV ouvo~£wv, To ~c:voe; TWV O1TlKIOlWV OlP£¢OTOV KaT' OUOIOV £VOVTIOV Tlle; KOIV~e;, nou

on£IAOUO£ va KOTaKUPl£UO£1 TO OUVOAO TIl<; n£~oYPo
o

O~lOAOYOT£PO<; 8£UlPIlTlKO<; Tll<; OTTlKlOlIK~<; KIVTlOll<; ~TOV 0 IOlOPIKO<; KOl T£Xvoypo¢oe; 610VUOlO<; 0 AAlKOPVOOO£ue;, nou 0100~£ ana TO 30-8 n.X. OTll PWlJll, TO Oll~OVTlKOT£PO £K£iv11 T11v £nox~ KC: VTpO £'\'\IlVlK~<; nOlodo<;. ~T11v TaXUTOTIl £vOUVO~WOll Tll<; OTTlKlOTl K~<; KIVIlOTj<; OUVc:60AOV 11 OKTlv060AIO Tile; ATTlK~e; OIaA.C:KTOU, TO KUPO<; TWV ouyypo¢c:WV TOU SOU KOl 40u Ql., TO o1;iw~o TIl<; ~i~11Oll<; nou KUPlOPXOUO£ OlIlV £KnOlo£uTIK~ npOKTlK~, 11 nopC:1J600ll TOU AuyouOlOU nou nIOl£U£ OTl 0 KAOOlKIO~O<; OT11 yAWOOO KOl OlllV TC:XVIl 80 ~nopouo£ va KP01~O£l ~WVTavt<; Tl<; nopoooOlOK£<; o1;i£<;, KOI 6£60l0 11 ¢lAOAOYlK~ npo£pyoolo (£KOOO£I<;, uno~v~lJoTa, A£1;IKO) nou £IX£ ouvT£Aw8£l ana TOU<; AA£~OVOPlVOU<; ¢IAOMyou<; novw OlO O1TlKO K£i~£vo. 2:Tl<; To1;£[(:; lOU OTTlKlOlJOU npooxwP11oav KOl Ol noAc: ~101 TOU XPIOTIOVIOIJOU, Ol onoiol w<; £Knpoownol KOTO KOVOVO TIl<; uljJIlA~<; OIOVOlloll<; KOTa
o 10uAmvae; (Flavius Claudius lulianus, 331-363) (nopiol, !lou(lpo). Ana TOV 30 01. KOI £~~e; TO ~~Aov T~e; tpl15o<; OVOIlC 00 aTau<; t6VIKOU<; Kal TOUe; XPlaTlovou<; ~TOV ~ £AAqVIKIj ,crrOlCEio», no TOV IOUAlOVD (OTOV aVCpH]VTO

aurov

0 aUTO

KpaTWp rraplaTaV£TOI we; 'EH~v IAoa0<1>a<; ~C ytv£la15a KOI l~aTlo) ~ £AA~VIK~ rrOl~tio ~TOV ~wpo TWV 6£wv OTqV ov6pw· rrOT~TO KOI 01 XplOTlovai ~£V £ixav TO ~IKoiw~a va TqV rrpo(J£· TOIpiZ;avTOI. "Av 6tAauv va 151/jo~auv AayoT£xvia txauv Tav !lauKa Kal TOV MapKa' 0<; aaxaA~6auv OTI<; cKKMoi£<; TOU<; 1" aUTou<;!", H tPI~O tA~~c ~t tvav 'OTOpIK" au~6160a~6. Mia arro Tie; (Juvtrr£I£<; OUTOU TaU aUl'616aa~au ~TOV oTl TO tpyo Tau TpaylKau £AA~vaAoTp~ ~laoWe~KOv -q £Ipwvtia Tq<; TIl· X~<;- orro Tau<; xpIO'T1avoue; oVTlYPo
o

OUIJ¢WVOUOOV OTl TI 1JlIJ1lOil TIl<; ~op¢~e; 80 00llYOU08 opyo ~ yp~yo po OTllv nopoywy~ v£wv OPlOlOuPYIl~OTWV. En£lo~ 01 O1TlKlOTC:<; nloT£uoV OTl TO O~lYW<; OTTIKO A£1;lMyLO OlOO¢QAl~£ TllV KO~ljJOTllTO (aOT£/OTT)C;) TOU AOyOU, W<; oM81lTO KPlT~PlO '110 TllV 8KAOY~ ~10<; M1;llC; 8£wpouoov TIlV nopouolO T11e; OTO £pyo TWV OOKIIJWV ouyypo ¢£WV. 0 YPOIJ~OTlKO<; ~OlllOlO OUAmovo<; (20<; at ~.X.) £TIovolJoo81l K8lTOUT81TO<;, 8n£10~ OKPl8w<; npoTOu 150KI~0081 tva ¢oYIlTO ovo~ll TOUO£ OyWVIWI5W<; OV TO ovo~o TOU £15C:0~010e; onovTOuo£ OTa O1TlKO unoO£lYIJ01O (K£fTOI ~ OU KclTOI;). f':.£v ~TQV o~w<; ~OVO TO KtAu¢o<; TOU Aoyou nou OOY~V£U£ TOUe; unc:pIJOXOUe; T11<; onl080I5pOIJIl011<;· Eopoio ~TOV 11 m;no[811~ TOU<; OTl11 8VOOXOA110Tl1J8 Ta «K£l1J8VO» So

I'

J•

ovo~woyovouo£ OUTOIlOTW<; Tl<; nOAOtE<; O~l£<; nou c;ixov nUPywo£1 TO ¢POvrlllO TWV MopoSwVOIlOXWvl 'anOia novTw<; Kl ov ~TOV TO KiVIlTPO TWV npolloxwv, IlUWnlKO ~ Ul!JIlAO, 0 QTTlKIOllo<; £lVOl o¢POYIOIlEvo<; ono Tllv £UYEV£IO nou npooolo£l O£ EVO KlvIlllO 11 OVO~~TIlOT] TOU OVE ¢IKTOU KOI TOU OUTOnlKOU.

A£Tw~aTIK~ tniaT£ljJ~ £TIITu~6IaU ~v~~Eiou ana T~V Ae~vo. naAOIorcpo <\IUAOOOOTOV OTO ilpoAoYlo TOU Av~poviKou TOU KUPP~OTOU (niJpyo<; TWV Avt~wv) KOI TWPO aTO Emypo<\llKO MouoEio. XpovoAoydTOI orou<; noAOIOXPIOTIOVIKOlJ<; XPOVOU<; (V.VI al.). To OUVTO~O Kd~£vo '0 X(PlorO~) iviKqo£v 'AJlilv yivolTo nou anoKoAunT£1 TO nv£u~a ~IO, enox~, napouOlO~EI OPIO~t va ono TO TUTIlKO xapaKT~pIOTIKO T~, KOlv~<;. IT~ eto~ TOU OVO~EVO~£VOU nopaKEI~tvou (V£ViKI1KE) £~$OV;~ETOI 0 aopl oro, iviKI1OEV. To 'AJlilv ~IO £6po'iK~ AEITOUPYIK~ <\Iop~ouAa. nou ~£TO$PO~£TOI KaTo Kavova ano TOU, O' ~E TO yiVO/TO, tXEI 6t601O EVOW~OTWed or~ AEITOUPYIK~ yAwoea, oHo EnEe ~~ ~EV Eivol oTT' oAou<; KOTOVOWO OUVO~EUETOI ana TO EH~VI KO TOU leo~uva~o, TO yevolTO. 1T'1v KOlv~ '1 EUKTlKri, OKO~'1 Kal 11 EUXETlK~ tXEI nEplOploeti ~paorIK6. To (JliI) yiVO/TO dvOi ri~'1 yAwoolt
Tov 20 Ol. Il.X. TO PWllo'lKo KPOTO<; £UIlIl£P£l. To oyoSo TIl<; nOt o£lo<; o£v £lVOl nlO npovollio 1110<; OAIYOPISIlIl<; oPIOTOKPQTlo<;. To £A AIlVO¢WVO TIl~1l0 £YE:iP£1 OnOtT~o£l<; YIO nOAlTlOTlK~ IlY£1l0VlO. KQTO Tllv £nox~ OUT~ 01 01l1l0¢1A80T£POI T£XVlT£<; TOU n£~ou AOYOU mov £Mllvo¢WVO xwpo £lVOI 01 £KnpoownOl TIl<; b.£uT£PIl<; LO¢lmIK~<; 11£ npo£~oPXOVTO TOV AiAlo Aplm£loll (129-181). at nVEUIlOTwo£l<; oUToL OTTlKIOTt<; ¢OlV£TOt OTl ouv~pno~ov 11£ Tl<; (oopo 01J£180Il£v£<;) OIOAt ~£I<; TOU<; OKoll1l KOI TO onOlO£UTO nA~So<;, nou E:iVQl 8t6010 OTl O£V KOTOVOOUO£ Tl<; OOeplOTIKt<; TOU<; AEnTOAoyi£<;, IOW<; OUT£ KOV TTjV £K ¢opo TOU Myou TOU<;. £~OtTlo<; OKp16w<; TWV ¢WVTjTlKWV OAAOyWV nou ElXOV ouvT£A£aS£i. Tov oumTjpo OTTlKlOIlO onootXSTjK£ T£AIKO KOt 11 £nIOT]IlTj xplmlovlK~ EKKAIla\o. Elvol 01l¢i60Ao OV TO £KKATjOIOOIJO OTO ouvoM TOU IlnopOUO£ vo £vWTloS£i TOU<; IJ£AlppUTOU<; nOTOllou<; TTj<; oo¢io<; TWV M£yOAWV nOTtpwv TTj<; EKKAIlOio<;. nOVTW<; mo £nl T£uYIlOTO TOU OTTlKlollOU So nptn£l vo oUYKOTOPISIlTjSOUV 11 npomo ofo TIl<; ypan~<; KUPlw<; YAwooa<; ano T11V £lOPO~ AaTlVlKWV At~£WV KOt Tj un£pOanlOTj TTj<; nOAlTlOTtK~<; KA11povolllO<; TOU KAOOlKOU KOOIlOU ana TTj Ill0aMOOo~io TWV ¢avOTIKwv xplmlavwv. To TillTjlla 0llw<; Tl'l<; nOAIVOpOIlTjOT]<; ~TOV 6apu' Tj npO~AWOT] TWV aTTlKlmWV OTO EVOO~O nap£ASov KOI Tj n£LallaTlK~ OPVTj~ TOU<; va anoo£xSouv TTlv aUTanOO£lKTT] aA~S£la OTl 11 yAwooa £~£Aloo£Tal, oO~Yl1oav aTl1 01- ..--_ yAwoo[a, 11 onoio KOTOTaAOlnWP110£ TO t8vo<; Yla Mo XIAl£Tl£<; Kal 608uv£ TO XOOIlO ovoll£Oa OTTj 1l£IOl!JIl¢LO TWV n£nOlO£ulltvwv KOt OTOV

o!1Ao AOO. H npo0600Tl 010 oy080 TIle; nQlodoe; npounE8£H: nOAUXPO vll £VOOXOAIlOll Il£ EVO YAWOOlKO OPYOVO nou o£V ov81~£ OTO Xd,',11 TWV av8pwnwv. 0,',,',0 ~Tav Kdll£VO. LTll O1p£6,',~ £nlOTle; o~loMYIlOTl £voe; EPYOU Il£ 1l0VO KPI~PlO Til YAWOOlK~ TaU OIQTunWOTl O¢d,',£TQl KQl 11 nopollEAllOTl TWV OUYYPO¢EWV £Kdvwv nou EYPO¢OV o£ YAWOOO o!1Aou01£PIl· To 8Al6£po £noKoAou80 OUT~e; Tile; npoKOTOAIl4JIle; ~TOV vo xa80uv 0IlIlOVTlKOTOTO £nlOTllllovlKO KQl AOYOT£XVIKO EPYO. npoe; TO TEAOe; TaU SOU 01. IlX. OTOV £UPUT£PO £MllVO¢WVO Xwpo 11 YAWOOlK~ npoYIlOTlKOTll1O q.l¢OVL~£TQl oUYK£xuIlEvll· LTOV npo¢o PlKO AOYO KUpIOPX£L 11 KOIV~.
M. Z KOm6AKJ-IZ

93

H

KOINH

AAAIA

rENEIH KAI nHrEI THE KOINHI I1AI1YPOI MLa arro us oITovlimo"t€Q€S mWE; yLa l:ll ,L€),En\ HIS KOLV~S ELva.L a.va'LcpLO~11l:l1W OL rrarrVQOl xm LOLaL"t€Qa Ol ,111 CjJL),O ),OyLXOL. ~EXU)QL010 EVIiLacPEQOV 'Ita "tl1V ESE),LS~ l:llS y),l;JO oas JWQOVOLa~OVV OL Emow),ES ll:OV ELVaL '(QOWLEVES MO ~~LL!.Lae€Ls, 'E)')'~v€S ~ SEVOUS ESEA),~VLO~EVOUS, Ell:ELO~ XQ1l OL/.lOll:OLO'0V mo av80Q,L~W HI ,(),tJJooa. AQxnOL ,U.OQCjJlO[!E

VOL, aV1L8no:, ~EWXElQL~OVWL VEXQO'0S rUlLOUS xw USElS rrou €nE~a),E 1'] €SlOrrQay,wuy.~ XQ~01'] "t1']<; y),wooas OW CY'1.0A€La. Ol rr"'.:tUQOL, OE aV"tL8E01'] rrQos w; €mYQCicpES, fXOUV "to ,L£"(aAO rrAEOVEX"t~,LLCi 01:L XQOVOAOYOUVWl XCi"} XCivova ,L€ WIOAUT~ O"'l.EOO1' aXQL~ELa. Ie rro).).o'0s rran'0 gouS rragal:iOnm 0 XgOVOS, 0 ll~vas, CiXOIlO xm 11 ~,LEQCi nov YQ"'
I , ~

I

It

J

I, I.

,

,

,

!'.

Et\i\HNO-i\.ATINIKA fi\Q2:2:APIA

MEglxES ano US OVUOyES ),C/HVLXWV yAUJOOCiQLUJV (Corpo ra Glossariorum Latinorum) J(ClQEXOU1'"tO av"tLowLXO EUll VlXO €Q[!~vEulla Ol:~ 011~LL0011 KOLV~ ~ xw aV"tlO1:QOa. , OL OL'(AlOOOOL avwl ()UVTOi~OL Ola),OYOl Esun~gEwuoCiv rrgaX1:LXOUS OXOll:OUS (YAUJ()()LX~ EmxOLvUJvLCl i1STas'0 "tlOV no),Ll:wv ~S (I.J'[EQO.V't11S nuwxQal:oQlCiS) xw a;TOl:EAO'0V aSlo),OYlI 'Tlr~ '11.0. 1:~ ll.EAErq T1']S ;1QOCpOgLX~S 1{QLVI1S. MEQL XU ;rCigaIiEL'(llaW (EXO. G. Loewe- G. Goetz, T 3, i\lliiu 1892,652,11 ¥.E.):

,.

Sede. Sedeo. Quid ~'IIJS?

Ka()i:i;ou. Ku()'f/,uuc

Ti oni;wc;;

Avay/o,u'l'O anti T~V 5n ~uva

Quid statis? Sedete ...

Ti m1XE!£,

,;;~a~~~~~~~i\1~

Ka()E~w()E ...

-

VTO OXn~OTonoln~tva ",ura nanupou (B£po/o,ivo, AlyunT,a Kti Mouo£io).

Lill'a calice Ill ... n),vvov TroniglJl ...

Mille recentem. A dice merulll. Bah VfQOv. ngoaOEl; dr-Qaw v. Vide, si !labes piperalUnl. 'lUi, £i £;(€1C ,t.TfQCI rov. 2:w iWg(lOqW au") ouvavl:O'0,LE XCigCiXl:ll(lLOlLXES k:> I.S XaL TU;[OUS ~S KOLV~<; 0 E1'EO",rcas m,jxw OXIl!JmLu"t'lr.c CUtO 10V J[o.Qa;{EL~lEVO lor

,

oT£ia (yupw ora 2300 n.X.). Kuv~YI ITTnOnOTa~ou [!£ 'l'ti-

Zanult

EUTf]'(U XQL

~QlOXetat

noAU xov"ta ow VEOEU1']VLY.O arEuw. To /3aJ..Jw 011,LCiLVEL ~011 Jltfdl;w. L1:O Ml;LXO rou Cm'XL()"t~ cl>guvi;.:ou (20S ~l.x. at.) IiLurll(sou~; "N'10oV uOUJQ ~~ E'lJtTIS, aAAa. ITQo()cpmov, a.XQCtL
94

o OpOe; KOlVi] XPIlOl~OnOldTOl ylO vo 0IlAwSd 11 yAWOOO nou OIO~OP
KQl Til MIKPO AOla. 0 J. Frosen (1974) unooTllpl~sl OTiIl KOlV~ avoys TQl ~Oll OTOV 50 n.X. Qlwva KQl s!;sAiX8IlKS Ils 80011 Tllv AnlK~ OlclAS KTO as ilia «SKTOe; oflooae;" YAwooa, Tllv onola XPllolllonOlouoav Yla Tie; SUpUTSpSe; EnIKOlVWvlaKSe; TOUe; avoyKse; 01 UnOAOlnOI 'EAAIlVSe; Kal 01 !;tVOI. Ta En1fltpOUe; unooTpwflaTa Tile; KOlV~e; siVQl: 11 Ka81Spw Il SV Il AOYOTSXVlK~ yAwooa, 11 0IlIlWOIle; KQ8ISPWIlSVIl, 11 0IlIlWOIle; 11111 Ka81spWflSVIl, 11 snapXlaK~ IllllKa81sPWIltvIl yAwooa, Kat 01 OIO
OLTPAKA

'OOOl o£v ELxav ~11 ouvaTo~llw va ayoQcwouv nCl1luQo,

E'lQacpav "1V £lllOCO),li cove; Ii 01l0LOOllnoTE m!vco!J.o X£L!J.£·

vo (anoo£LS£LI; ),oyaQLaO!l0JY, Q'ltCt ana T11 BL~),O, xmaOE'

O~LOU~, anEUXE~) OE Eva xO!-'!J.C!tl am) 01laO~lEVo arIELO.

Ta omQaxl.l, rroA),E~ XlAlabE~ ano W OnOLa naQa~ll:vouV

axo!-'11 aVExoow, naQouOLa~ouv a%QuLE£ OEOELe tll£ Aa'Lx~~

yAwooa~ D1S EllOx1is nOu YQaqn:lj)WV.

nTfPAEIL

o xugtOTEQO£ £XllQoooJrro~ "1£ n(1WL>lll~ AOYOTCXVLX11~ KOL vli~ ElVaL 0 AQLOTO~E)'llS. H Ex),rlLxEu[.lfvT] CPLAOOOCpLa TOU E:tLXt1]TOU XQl tOU MCtQxou AUQllALoU f!QLOXf'!:m :'lO xovT1i unl yA(!Jooa TO\! ),aoD. 0 rrOADf!L~ (200-cIO .1 X.) Xat 0

L'l.LOOlOQO£ 0 LLMALWTTI£ (10, "X al.) rWQO\!OLa~OUv 1:11 Xa QaXtllQlOuXli yAwooa to)V !-,OQCPlO~lEVWV ouYYQacpEwv T1IS En'lvLmLx~£ Errox~£. Arro Ta ),u'Lxa XrlWVU TOU 30'u-60u ~lX at. SEXlOQl~ouv 0 'JfE\!oo-KcUJIIJeivrj;, !J.La cpaYTuoTlxli l(l1oQLa to\! MEYolou AAESavoQou, 0
o Mtya~ AAt~ov~po~ aT~ ~iJX~ T~~ laooit. Mmo~tpclO alTO TO lTCpj
lTOU KO(J~ouac T~V "OIKIo TOU ¢>OUVOU»

OT~V nO~lT~io (20~ - 1o~ 01. IT.X.), oVTIypo'l'O tpyou TOU ¢>IAO~t·

VOU TOU EpcrPltO

(NOlToA~,

E8vlKO Mouoclo).

XPIITO
95

H KOINH

~A~IA

KOINH KAI 41AAEKTOI MAKE60NIKA ITOIXEIA H KOIV~, 118 Hlv c;up8ia OIOOOOll nou yVWPI08, 08V Ilnopouo8 va c;[VOI u. AvWvufJ.0S MEsavllQlvoS 0XOALa0111S lOU OfJ.~gou (L;(O 8Vlata. Tov nup~va T11e; anoTEAc;a8 11 AnIK~ OIOA8KTOe; Yla Myoue; AID B, 'f}"ciou. Y 404) UV«(lJEQEL on 10 ureoxoQlonxo xOQ6. IOTOpIKOUe;, nOAI1lKOUe; KOI nOAITlOnKOUe;. H aVTiOTaOll o~we; TWV awv ElVaL fJ.UXEOOVLXO. 0 'l>QUVlXOS reagaoloEl 10 Lillo '(La naAOIwv olaAEKTwv, IOlalT8pa T11e; 6.wpIK~e; (onwe; anEo81sav a LTuA. ns AESELS lWQ€/lf30},r, XQL QVp'!. KQijJWIlEVOe; KOI a Ay. ToonavoK11e;), ~TQV o88vap~. 0 LOu11Twvloe; ~.
(Tiber/us, 56) Ilae; nA11POCPOPc;[ on TOV 10 IlX 01. IlIAIOTOV aKolla OT11 ;1:a!!E"POA~' bUI'r1J, pa;!c~ol'l'
Pooo 11 6.WPIK~ OIOA8KTOe;. KOI 0 6.iwv 0 XPUOOOTOIlOe; (1, 54) avacpE i!v,,~' "ai 'Como pf.v oi :4.0llvaLm bri nl, Oppr;, iriOwav,

p81 OTI OUVOVTIl08 OTllv n8Aonovv1100 ilia YPIO «novu npowe; Kai oi /jl viiv &,,«Od<; bi roil (J'fCVWlroV. f>oxd bi pOL xai

CPIAOcppOVWe; Owp[~ouoa Tn CPWvn»· Elval, 8n0IlEVUX;, 686010 on un~p roi!.o paxeboYlxUv c!vat.

XQV 8KTOe; ATTIK~e; OIOCPOp8e; 1l0pCPEe; KOIV~e; 118 EVTOVO IWVIKO, OWpl y. H ),EST] O€X([I'O,vJru~!W/lUW'OC; mtXErpaJ,~C; ptaC; OE? vWE/,AT]VIXO oExavia, XaL oExavi'Xl' OE'
96

vE:Of.1TJvia, inaOlODe;, K.O. LTO I-lOP
MEANo.PEIA

II E,\ T A

NAYKPAm.

BOUI1uCtTI') .IIEQVT(lITO'\I') ~rMou ITO.\I')

f-'flClKMou') ITO

I,

I,lr\ 0,\\01 K.-\I At'EINOT:Hl: o~upuYXOl\'

TT(j.\I')

'OClOIS fllKp6

ANTI OOY nOAI!

IQNIKA DOIXE[A EvoLClrpEQov 1wQouola~El 11 l€ tl;q;HiTllOll ~oQq;O),OYIXO)v CHOLX€LOlV Tile; [OlvIXI1e; xm 11 Eltl~ll')cr~ 1:OUe; ~EOl
-au,

6.QP[KA DOIXUA

LE rrOA),ES JeEQLOX£; Tllr; ElJeaous, OL onOlEr; O:ViV01JV OTllV

JeoAma OWQlXl'r OlCl).exUYI'1 ~OJVTj, OlClaOJ~OVWlllEXQL OJ'IIL<:

Qa aQxcwl or"OLOfl0l, 01 Y_LJQLOHQO I. a;r6 TOUr; OllOLOUe;

ELvar: 11 Or.a~QT]OIl wu OOlQLXOU 0: rroxOC;. o-axa~w (KaQno

80e;, KQ~n1), rJ./'iQa, rpoyo <: ({Juyo, o~lci (TOClxoma),

l1asida (vaCJioa)- -.IWi, (K. [w),La). ToJtWVUf"W.: !JrlIWTO

W(, [(airae; (Pooo'»), Mii-.aroC; (KQI1Tll), LJallOe; (Kahl'vO;)

H nQoqJoQa wu v we; UV: €o-OU (2:~llll), YOOV)),L (PO<:>OC;),

aXiOUea (TaaxOlvLa), x.a. H ClVTOlVUfLLa a1;waavcoc; - U1',

Touroe; Et,cAlX811x£ on1 VEOE),ATjVlX~ aE airoro, XClJ. arrap

roC;. H TUUKwvlY.,'l, T£),Oe;, L€ VaL lJ flOvTj VEOEnl1VL;{~ 0\<'1;£

XTOe; ;rOD altalE)_Cl aflE
,1c)'llVLY.l1e; OWAEXTOU, nl; NwAUXOIVL)
OEWQLU» WU A. XQIOTO»
i?1~f on '1 ~EOEn'lVLY.'i y),WOO« MOwAu UjlCu11 OU"'~I:.Uo.

Tile; CLQl:.aLOe; ALOAl)(~e; X({L 6WQLXliC; OW),[l(tOU, xcrWQQi

(P81Ff d.rO TOV f. X((T~loaXL. 'Om,,; rpuLvnm air'l w naQu

rruvOl l'vbElxwia Ol:OIX€LO, 11 t:.OlQLX~ ClvTll'T.i,OI1%€ uflEvaQci

OT11 01000011 Tqe; KOlVij:. EVOJ 11 AIOld;!l'l unox;wQ110E, arp~

VOVw.~ [AaXLOW lxvll OTIl VEO Y)~OJOOO

A
mOAEMAir THI 0HBA"iaOI LlIO<; Tro,\r')11 ~lIKp6

0HBAII

TCl MEflvov[lCI • naOuplS

XPIDOOPOL: MPMAMnAKHL:

97

H KOINH AAAIA

Cl>nNOAOrIA KAI MOPcI»OAOrlA ITO mvoKI~IO, nou XPovoAoyciTal aToue; npwTOUe; ~naXPlaTla VIKOUe; oIWVCe;, a ypa~~aTOalaaaKaAOe; tXCI ypa00 nap' avapoe; npooa£xou au~60uAiav", «M~ mlOlv eiK!l Taie; iAOIe; moreUeTOIn) KOI a ~Oe~T~e; TO aVTlypa
"-U (TOtTe '"'V 'Iov"-,

aviJ" cnro

Taln')

a{ 'II;} rPOtP/-,'l/I'4 Ole;; KaL Ter "roc;; ra 80ve;; Kat TCr(1T]e;;

e

"ep'Yeu.<; KOIL
ill-'ipCt<;, 170'1 1701/ Taxv TCXXU, apT<

OtPTt C.PTI.

Ao~~£vIO
98

H KOlV~ OI0I-l0pqJWVETOl I-IE 1-110 aElpo WaVaaTaTlKWV aMaywv aTO qJWVI1TlKO - qJWVOAOyLKO aUaTI1I-10 Tile; yAwaaoe;, OL KUP10TEpEe; an6 Tle; onOLEe; ELVOl: a. 0 IWTOKlOjJaC;, 11 npoqJopo OI1AOO~ we; [i] I-Ilae; aElpae; qJWVI1EVTWV KOl 0lqJ86yywv nou dxov OlQqJop81IK~ npoqJopo. 'ETOl auvsn£OE 11 npoqJopo TWV l, E:l, 1) (n) aE: i, TWV 01, U aE U Kat 1-1810 aE: i. LToue; nanupoue; 6ASnOUI-IE: 6Tl w~A8E: aUYXUOI1 TOU 1) I-IE TO E:l Kall, onwe; Kat I-IE: TO E: Kat Ql (e) ona TO I-I£aa TOU 20u n.X. ot. Mavo 11 01 qJ80yyoe; [01] OIQT~Pl1aE: TI1V apxaia npoqJopo YlQ va oUl-ln£OE:l ~E TO [i] TOV 100 I-IX ot. ME TIe; E1;E:AL1;E:Le; OUT£e; TO OWOEKaI-lEA£e; OU01I1I-10 TWV qJWVI1£VTWV Tile; Apxo[ae; EMl1vIK~e; (5 6pax£a: ii, e, T, 6, U Kat 7 1-I0KpO: ii, e, ¢' I, 9, 9, u) 1-I8106A~811KE a£ £1;OI-lEA£e; (a, e, i,D, U, iJ) TO onoio OlQqJSP£L ana TO n£VTOI-I£ASe; V£0£AAI1V1KO I-I0VO KaTO TI1V npo qJopo TOU U (u). 6. KaTopYl1011 Tile; npOOWOlae;: 0 I-I0UOlKOe; TOVIOI-I0e; Tfle; Apxaioe; EMl1vIK~e;, 0 onoloe; 0IaTI1P~8I1K£ we; TOUe; npwTOUC; 1-1£ TOXPlaTlaVIKOUe; OlWVEe;, nopaxwPl1aE Til 8£011 TaU aTOV ouva~IKO TOVLal-l0 nou laxU£L Kat mll-lEPO 'IXVI1 aUT~e; Tile; TOOI1e; 6plOKOUI-I£ aTI1V ATTIK~ OIOAEKTO ana TOV 50 n.X. at., EVW 01 npwTEe; 1-I0PTUpIEC; ana EmypOqJSe; KOI nonupoue; ovayovTol O1OV 30 n.X. at. y. Ta 0l1xa KAElaTo oaoEo (!P, e, X ph, th, kh) Kat Ta I1XI1PO KAELaTo I-ISOO (6,0, y: b, d, g) Tponl1KaV OE E1;OKOAou8I1TlKO (TpI6aI-lEVa). 6 0, 0lqJ80yyoi au KQl W 0PXlaav va napOUOla~ouv Til OllI-lEPIV~ V£O£MI1VlK~ npoqJopo af, ef~ol1 an6 TOUe; nptJJTOUe; I-IETaXPLOTLOVIKOUe; atWVEe;, £. To HALKO V OPXLOE va I-1l1v npoqJ£pETOt. LTO 1-I0pqJOAoylKo £[1ln£oo £l-IqJav[~oVTat 01 aKoAOu8£e; KQlVOTO I-Ib:;: OUOla01lKO - wi8£Ta: 0 np008~KI1 TaU TEAIKOU -v Tile; alTlQT1K~e; TWV npWTOKAlTWV Kat o£un:pOKAlTWV apaEVIKWV KQL 811AUKWV KQL OTa TpLTOKAITa: rov nan:pav, r~v VUKTOV KQTO rov TOjJiav, r~v 'iJ1l£pav. '01OV £nauo£ va Ylvnat oloKplal1 ovol-l£Oa a£ l-IaKpO Kal 6paxsa au v£n£OE TO -av TWV TPlTOKAlTWV 1-18 TO -dv TWV npWToKAlTWV KQL £TOl axl11-1aTioTI1K8 apyoTEpa OVOl-laOTLK~ apO£VLKOU 08 -ac; (0 Civopac; KaTO TO vwviac;) KQL OVOl-laOTIK~ 811AUKOU 08 -a: yuvaiKa KQTO TO xwpa. AUT~ 11 1-1£10061-111011 TWV naAQLWV TplTOKAiTWV a£ npWTOKAL1O msqJE p£ PL~LK~ aAAay~ 010 KAITlKO aUOTIll-la TIle; EAAI1V1K~e; 6. H aLTlQT1K~ nAI18uvTlKOU TWV OUl-lqJWVOAI1KTWV -E:C; 1OUTlaTllK8 1-18 TI1V OVOl-la01IK~

ana TOV 30 n.X. al.: 01 xapm;e;, Tae; xapm;e;. Ana TOV 10 Il.X. Ql.

EnIITOi\H ITH MHTEPA (20e;

ouvavTall£ Trlv KaTaATl~Tl -£e; KQl OTr)V alTlaTLK~ TWV npwToKAITwv: Tae; 17PE:p£e; H I-lna<1>opa TTlC; KOI OTTlV OVOllaaTIK~: oi 171lE:p£e;, onwc; aKpl6wc; o~lJC;pa, 1-l0PTUp£ITQI ona TOV 60 Il.X. Ol. Y E~aepavloTl TWV aTTIKaKAITWV. t,£v XPTlOlI-l0no10 UVTQl ma Ol At~£te; lI£we;, v£we; oMo lIaee;, va6e;. 0 LUXV~ XP~aY) unOKOplaTlKWV KQTaA~~£Wv KQl 1010[T£ po TaU 1-l0P<1>~llaToe; -lOV (-IV), TO onoio tylv£ napoywylKO: -aolOv, aplOv, -aeplOv, -I%v. Mna60Ate; aTO PllllaTIKo oUOllllla: o. H KQTO AIl~Tl n TaU 6' npoownou TTlC; n08IlTLK~e; epwv~C; (n.x. JlE:Yn, q>aivnl aVTLKQTOOTa8TlK£ ana Til 0IlI-lWOTl KQTaATl~Tl -001' JlE:ywat, q>o{vwo/. 6. Ta a8£I-lOTO O£ -pi p~I-lQTa nopoxwpOUV TTl 8taY) TOUe; 010 8£1.10TL Ka (-w): olow OVT[ olowfJ/. ~a,

AvrWVI<; Aov,/o; NEllovm [rJfl PIITpi Jl[J.]Lora xai1.!nv.

~X

ClL.)

ro

"ai c5ux Jlavro[<;] EiJxollai (Jat v'/Elaivnv. JlP0(JxVvlllla (JOV [;rOl]w ;,ar' aixaor'lv qpai{!av ;ra{!a rrp "vl}i9J [EElI]aJl£lc5El. YElVWiT'X£lV om OE}.W OU1. [I)kr]ICov ihl avafJivu; d<; rqv I1'Ir:lIoJlohv. x[a]{!£lV rovro 01',;;' fyo ELoijOa d, ri/V ;roMv. aic5[v]o'01ro[u]p'lV c5i ilOdv ci, J(~avic5av (JaJl(Jw, JrE(}IJlar(J. af'/(Jl.lIiJa (fOI

on

on

on

yvpvo; dpL Jl~a"a[llw (Jal, P'Ir'l(J, c5[L]aMiY1ITi /WI. lOt JlOV o7.c5a ri [iyw;] aillavrrp Jra{!EU'J!Ipat. Jramai(b!,kvpat xaO' 01' c5[ r{!()Jluv. o7.c5a on qpa(}l"lxa. ijxovua Jla(!a ro[... J vpov r6v w{!Ovra (fat i:v rrp A(J(fatvodm ;cai axat (JEW; Jlavra (JOt c5111Y'Irat. ou" O[bCf on 8iJJ.u :r:'!goq ycvi orat Ei' yvovval OJrW<; rivf!(JOJllP [Elr[l] orpEilm ofJ(').Ol'i

(B.G. . S46: 1.120 nu r·EDGA R). veI:5o: NElJ.ollVn] PI/T(JU aJr' ~\ vrwvi(U A6v,;,ov vcloiJ.

An6 T~V Kapavi~a, nou ~vn~ov£u£1 OT~V £nIOTO~~ TOU 0 AvniJvn<; !l6yyo<;, npotpX£TOI n TOlxoypacpia (30<; al. ~,X.) nou naplUTaV£1 Tn 8£a 'IOI~a va 8n,l.a~£1 TOV ApnOKpOTn (~ 'Opov), To 8t~a (nou £~cpav;~£Tal ~~n O£ ~npouT~IVO aya,l.~OTi~lo TOU 40u-20u al. n.X.) npoolwv;~£TOI n<; XPIOTlavIKtc; napaoTao£lC; T~c; napBtvou Mapiac; ~£ TO 8£;0 6pC
o Avrwv'l' 110,/,/0, ani j./'1rEQo. rou Nel}.OV Jro}Jovc XWQE u(Jj./ov,. LOV EVl.O,UW va f-o/El<; m5.vra r'lv vywi oov. KaIJI) ,ucQlva JrQoodrl.0,uw y~o. aEva oro\' (JeO 2:[120...". eow va SEQcL, OU OE1' JreeiflEva lrW, 00. aVEf3WVe<; (fT'Iv .TQWTC1JOV· 00.. n' avro ,,, EYW UeV f17r1i;ca (!TI)V Jroll). Nremo/wvva mi 01)<; va EelJw (!T'IV Kafjavioa '/wri mu,~iQ()/lw JlTlJ/lEVO; w; y.ovQOw. LOV iY(iw/J(J. JlW, E(Uat I'V/lJlOe; D; na(Jww},w, ,u,!riQo., va av,Urpl).UJ.JO,c(:;uo.(tj./ov. 5iew n i"ava (!TO v £0."'" /lov. Baoav{or'l"a onwe; ,uov OSL~E. stew on EOrpO,A,1. /Vic n}.lleOcpOerwE 0 rllofiwwwe;;) au af avvavr'lac ow I>O/LO AeOlvotT,/ xw 0011 0t11y~el};
ro

on

verso' J:r'/l"lriea NEd.ou wro

TO

'ItO

Til<;

Avrwv71/JO,/;JO

Km6. T'IV yJcloLlcll 1'11:OX1'I, onu), ,,((L "mo. 1:I]V JtcQi.ooo nj Kom'le;, I] oQOoygo·qJl%'i JtClQo.maGll TIl£ yAwaau, ~Tl1V lpllJ v'Inx11 - (jlwvo),OYI1<1I, eVW mlrteQa eLVaL L01:0QL"'). 0 rraJI1J 120; aV1:6e; [lar; o£txvn on um'lQXe ~'eYU)'O xlia, aVUllH)(l 01:''1v JtQoCjJogu "aL Til YQwlJtI~wmdl n:oQo.awalJ nlc y),wa oar;. 'EWl eg~L'IVcUOV1:C/.L Ol avogOoYQmpi,; ,ou 01lvl6xtll 1:11; mltHOA1)r;. H OU,XUO'l av6flEOu aw " 'I, " ELVaL ;["'1\"1;, rcQ6ypa Jtou (J'Il'Uh'H on OF-" '!LVUWV 1l,lhQIIl'J o"lv :TQIl ((logo.: ,Tli.ora, v,/EIrt.!Jm11, Elfld, rl.va/11·,'tr;, Ei uY(t 'I, )'l'(}l!I!
,«

'l/J.

YlIovvat

avtl

)'VWVQt.

XPIITOQ:lOPOl: XAPMAMnAI
99 ."'-"--""

~~':"I

_,:;~I"

H KOINH AAAIA

IYNTAKTIKEI KAINOTOMIEI THI KOINHI 'Eva aTTO Ta OKTW TT1VOKla TTOU oUyKpoToDv TO 0XOAIKO "T£TPO~IO» TOU v£OpoD ETT04lpo ~ITOU, nopltXol TTivOKO At~£wv, 4lWV~TIK~ Ta~lvo~~O~ TWV ypa~~i'rrwv T~<; aA4la6~ TOU, ~Ia O£lPO YVW~IKWV £PWT~O£WV Kal aTTaVT~O£WV KCI O~~£IWO£I<; yla T~V ope~ XP~O~ T~<; YAWOOO<; ("ov~ivo, BP£TOVIK~

_....... : ).,4... ....,."............. o.J..: .. ~'I-...,.

BI6AI06~K~),

{! r~~""'011'r:'-"l\""'fWrJY'.>Jo..>."'"

..4 ,-;

~,..._ ...- f...'.}v k<"'" ~ c-\ b'c-

,~Y2QC"""'! ",u+r-~ ~-l< .. ft :...-t"r-~" CTJ.>Ts- ,"",,-n~.,.J

.:-4'' :r.~""',.J. ~f~r

o,..J.~J.~

I\..to ..-~" I

1\...- :'-L..I\.<-> ..- l\.f4

f \ "'" c- r':>',Uo.£. f

..~ .L..,'\:..,) r-J

• ..: /1.';'"

'f'J)-...-.l ,u.:-r.~ ~

,...

CY1 i'.""",

-1

).J...)... ...

~'"

t"q' "" C" i..-"

J "'''''1. ':"~'r

,..-,.-

f r

.~.

,,"'!'_

.,

--t

~'1 ~h..-/ 1\::'

I.

Qr~

"'-2-.-

t.

-1.1 0 "..1.... ,'/

\>~v

"

J..

\\",........ _r.J

\

HI\..-'-'

r"''''t-' p,~. h. )-A'" ~-.h'\o,...,..,..1-........ ~.'"... "'1"1~1oc ~"'ol..V'~f\.~~ ..'rr1~k.h. t..>-.............· h .\ ....., ..... ~""'''''''~ ~(\.'"J\..£.oHi'l~

':.of'-."

_ ~r-..~f~~! ~ • ..J 41 • .-..1,...· .. k.>->-....· ... '..!:.l ,.,..' , .Jo..... ''''~J'''' to/ (~l.).lro.>o" KQ~" , )..JOo.l.,. '" • '\' f\ ~i~,.!.l~;.:-:-1~i.»-.>j#,.J-it'~] c...: .... :,'- ..-;~:4,.,

.~'-k • ;'l~\.:.. ~f

C". _ , 'li-f'o J; ,",\~,..... ~~; ........ ;~~ >..\, .~ .. ',' <-;"u.,-~ ·,....~-,.Jl ~~ ~ r.r-.:H\.·,.

'-'\",/"o:~or'~~""'--''''~)W~

..:

.

. ,(, • ..... -,0-"

.........,.t-II"'-uc

'

tt-Lfn-..r- .~('--,-, .... )..

. , , '

>\ o~ ... tl.

:',.*:- '>M'_--:,~~~'.:~- E~:~9_,-,~'~'-;~

rn'-' ... r: f

K>:-

:"c"O",,_,-~.. v~>t-t~~r--J

.>\.t..I'-'~~J."')-'#'),Qc-:'...,rLJ.J. ......... j,<. YQl·-v'~r. <.',.......J..J'oI.o.J....r-J C>,.... ... ~!.,,,.J 't.}co- .... """I"\,-::::..v-...oJ,. o~~<:b1&.::

;<<........

G"'" '\.'\... ~iJ,.;o r£ovc ...~IK. ....-rr >-

...··Io,_~' .: ... ~~ .. c-:' .... ..,h..r ...-t

\,......-r>-y...c" Xii

~"""x..h'l.c-\,).V'.~,.J <.MN .... ,~~.rJ .~"r~)",..J

~l1 NCI\ J''''C'"h('OfJK..().,u''',...,':'~I''~J....,..>tt";'·.

4

}qJd3-·... ,h."''''-H~ ..c...Yl ..~hll.lt ....

~,..f~h

~n.><1..~'.. 1>.xlpoO .... rl.n~

.'

.,,,,,,,,,,,'r-l

....

~_

Ta OUOIWOll xapaKTllPIOTlKO TOU nTWTlKOU OUOT~\.laTOe; Tlle; N£o£/o)'ll VIK~e; £XOUV HI pi~a TOUe; OTllV KOIV~ KOTO HI \.lETaKAaOlK~ £nox~ na paTllp£iTat atoellT~ UI1OXWPllOll Tlle; OOTlK~e;, 11 onoia nopo\.l£p[~£TO[ o£ \.lll Aoyon:xvIKOUe; nonupoue; TOV 1o n.X. 01., npwTO ana Tllv OITlO~

'Evo Koi~£vo T~<; YPO£IOKPOTIK~<; KOlv~<; OTTOTtAW£ TO KAol~i ylC T~V OTTOKpUTTTOypOq>~O~ OTTO TOV ZOV pavoouo !O~TTOAIOV TWV olyumloKwV lopOyAUIKWV. !Tll OT~A~ T~<; Po~tra<; (OTTO ~oDpo 6000AT~ 114 x 72 oK.) 01 £UoPYW[o<; TOU nToA£~oiou E' TOU ETTIovou<; (205-180 TT.X.) KoraYP04l0VTOI OTO l£poyAU4l'KO (14 Oolpt<; OTO movw ~tpo<;), OTO ~~~w~~ OIYUTTTIOKO (32 Ool~ pc<;) KOI oro oAA~VIKO (54 Oolpt<;), To loPOYAU4l'KO K£i~£vo aTTO TOAd ~n64lPoo~ TOU oAA~VIKOU KOI 0XI TO OVTiOTp04l0, OTTW<; uTTt6oo0V OPXIKO 01 oP£UV~Tt<; ("ov~ivo, BpnovlKo Mouo£io).

TlK~ (anooT£Aw a£) Kat OPYOT£PO ana Tll Y8VIK~ (owaw aou), L~\.l8PO

olaTllPouVTatll8PIKO \.lovo KOToAomo Tlle; OOTlK~e;, onwe; 8VTa~£I, TOIC; I-i£TPI')TOiC;, o6~a 001 a G£OC;. To P~\.lO YVWpl08 Il£YOA£e; IlEToBoMe;, TOOO ana \.lOP<1JOAOYIK~

000 Kat ana OUVTOKTIK~ anOlj!ll. H 11£011 <1Jwv~ unoxwPllo£, a<1JOu o£v

Ilnopouoov mo va y[vouv aVTlAllnT£e; Ol A£nT£e; 0l1lla

-"" ',1.'

OlOAOYIK£e; Tlle; OI0<1Jop£e; ana Tllv 8v8PYllT1K~.

01 A8lToupyL8e; TaU \.l£AAOVTO n8plopiOTllKOV 08

\.l8yOAO BoSIlO ona n8pI<1JpoOTIK£e; 8K<1Jpo081e; tva

+ UnOTOKTlK~, i'.xw + onOp£Il<1JOTO OOpiOTOU, 8£Aw, 6qJ£fAw , I-i£AAw + onOp£Il¢OTO, i'.a0l-ial + Il8TOX~ 8V 8OT(.lna, K,O, a nOpOK8i\.l8VOe; m:plop[OTllK8 ona TOV OOpIOTO, £n~AS8 0IlWe; \.l£yOAll oUYXu~ 0Tl we; npoe; Tll XP~Oll TWV OUO xpovwv, PI~IKte; oAAoyte; napOTllPouVTOI KOI OTll XP~Oll TWV 8YKAI08WV H UnOTOKTlK~ 0PXI08 va unoxw~ p£i \.l8 payoolo puS\.la, M8 Tllv 8l1IKPOTllOll TOU IWTOl
omJl~:

ei Si:Aolr; (unaSwll) KOI

i6v Si:Anc; (npooooKio) nOpOTIl PElTOI IJElWOIl TUnWV (MlOO/PI, Alioalpl, AE:AUKWC; E:ooiW)V, AE:Au aoipl7v, K.O.) KOI onWAEIO 0PXI KWV TIl~ 0IlIJOOlWV npo~ O
o lTU/'lav6~

KaljJw~tvo~

(1907-1978),

Ka8~Y~T~~ enD nav£lTI

OT~~IO G£ooa/'oviK~~ KOI £rTl
El1IITOi\.H TOY ~EMDPQNIOY ITON ALlENI?O TOY MA=:IMO, 20£ ~I.X.

at.

LE/JJr{JOJvw; MagijJ'(J r0 aodq;rjJ nX[EjiaTa Xai{Jw. Jr{Jo rwv oJ.wv ipwa9i aE djxojJaL. jJcriJ.IlfJov ou fJafliw; oov J.EV[ov}u rill' xV{Jiav iJjJwv jJ1]riflav. ipwr1]OEi; IJ.Ocl<{!E y),vxvraraL, i:v jJ1]onEi avri", )JJJ'(EL' d /hi rEt; rwv afJt:J. (prov avuJiyEL autfj, oiJ oq;dJ.EL; amov; i/f!wjJa, iiOWpE, ilrfll1UX/II:l'0r; rill' yJ.tf',(aoiav nov y.v[fli}wv yoviwv. xa)wr; ,T[ojn/atr; YflliljJar; JJOt lrEf!i rry; o[wrj1]{Jiar; ujJ[wjv. E[Jgwao JJOl, iJ.fJclrp£.

on

verso; alrofJor; Ma;ijJ9J am) LEfIlrflWviov afJEJ.lpou.

(RoE.G., 1919 (1.204: 1.121 In) nmGAR).

o 2:E/illQ(VVWe; oroI' aodq;o rov M6.l:,t,uo (o,ilvu) no}, J.oue; ;,ina an' oh, EVXO/lW I'a dow xlii,:. nJ'1]QorpoQr,e1]"a EX,UEWAA'">'WrE fJrJ.Qui rryv o
on

or

on

verso iVa OOOE/ mov MciI:,L/lO ana rov aoc!.q;o 2:F,ucrQcuvw.

H EltL01:0).Jl C1.U1~ 6ElXVEl1~V wmoSl1alo. Xal 111v a.v8gwmci. IOU SEV~1:E~tl~VOU ,!WU, "WU LqUgWVlOU. nou bEV tI '),f;[ va 01EvOXWgouv w a6f\cpw Illl.lllTEQa 10U. DUQ'" tll OjETl%li [io9"WGJl1f01J bux8EW,'XUVEiugxucl orpu) law. H oUYf"V 01l aVcl~lEOa 010 EQ(Q )WrJi1E XQI 10 "t.QQcv~tJQ<. T'1V ,[goam Xl[;oj XUlTO anaQE!-,qJCHo Eivm ava~lEvouevl1, x((f1tiJ~ fa £l~ -,lll QliWt1a (QWVVV/U) iWQ01JOlci.1;ouv o1Jaxo),l ~ 01~V x),l all ".m clQXLOav va avwwOlo1(,vWI ano aV1la10LXD. Oqm nxci (QW1'VUW) Ii auvwvu!-'H. H bom!l] AElIOUQ'!El aX(\lu W£ ((VnY,El~IEVO oQla~lEI'WV JTO),U '!VWOH;)V grl!-"clTWv (6,7' },;';-w, oeioxw), iWQanTj),a, OltW~, XVllOlllOnmfl1:(J.L aE IUJWnOl11!-,EVES EXCjJQa.OEii;, OL O:TOlES Ofl.x.vOUV on Ol ((IT).OL civ0QwnoJ bEY ELXav ou\'ala8'1o~ 1:11£ ).£lt01JQylaC; tl]e, ()!HIlS ),.1... (rw :"Q()w!Jo .UOL (xai VyiULl'E) !tOU fJf.EnOU,tE ws xura A1]X'~QLO ~1JX~ OE anElQciQlSpE; muno).(. To aJ[l(gf.f"pmO XQl1aLflOnolrlWL OE nOAu YVWOlES rLfQL JTIWafl~ (Oq;EiJ,W, JVI'arav EOrL), EI'W 11 XQ~all TIle; PElOX1'1£ ELVUI llE buo mglJ(HOUElC; WcpU),+lEV'] (i:QWTJIOti;. )'Qcbi'IlC;). H ((LTLfJ.uzli .ul7rieav aVTl ,w/rEQU bELXvCL OU :lQW10Ki".,ct X((L TQuoxi.lW OVyxEOVl:aL.

XPIHOcDOPOL: XAPAMMnAKHL:

101

H

KOINH

AAAIA

TO AE51AoriO THI KOINHI KOTO H!V m:plOOO Hle; K01V~e; II E'\'\IlVlK~ yAwooa qmAouTlOTIlKS ~s Xl AlOOSe; KOlVOUpYlSe; At~SIe;, onwe; ~nopsl vo OlomOTWOSI KOVsle; PlXVO VTOe; onAWe; KOl ~ovo ~10 ~011a IOIOiTSpO OTO Lu~nA~pw~o (Supplement) TOU !\S~IKOU Tile; Apxoiae; EM.llvlK~e; TWV Liddell-Scott-Jones_ H ovovtw Oil KOI 0 S~nAOunO~Oe; TOU AS~IAOyiou tYIVS W: TT]V npo08~Kll vtwv OT] ~OGlWV OS 0PXOlSe; At~SIe;. H OlsLJpUVCJTj TWV CJTj~aOlWV 0PXOlWV At~SWV siVQl SVTunWOlaK~. MSPlKO napooslY~01O: 6aoavi~w: II opxoio oll~aOlO ~TOV: e~t:To~w, eM;yxw, anooelKVUw KOt II vto: raAamwpw' /-lovo~w: ~w Bio /-lovr,p'7 - yivO/-lal /lovaXoe;, KaAoY'7poe;' O(/JOPlOV: OpeKTlKO, npoOfpo yl KOI ~£10 (/Jope M£ Tllv sniopoCJTj TOU XPIOTIOVIO~OU nOAAte; At~£l(; OnOKTOlJV vto CJTj~aoio: enioKonOe;: KarooKonOe;, a em6Atnwv - avwra roe; a~/w/larouxoe; r'7e; EKKA'7oiae;. MSPlKO vta r1Qpoywya KOI OUV6£10: onwA-eta, emray-r" Karo/K-ia, apxovr-tOoa, /-laraiO-r'7e;, onovr'7o-Ie;. eAe'7/-lo-ouV'7, Korr-wv, Krr,r-wp, OiK-taKoC;, oep/-lOr-lVOe;, tmouO-IOe;, no B'7-roe;, onaraA-ow, OUVOO-€UW, oorox-ew, oy-ro~w, KaBap-i~w (OVTt KaBaipw), arplep-ow. AnSlpaP18~o £ivol KOl TO OUV8£10 ~e 0- OUV8£1IKO np06tOSle;: ouvavrIAa/-lBavO/-lOi' ~S 10 OTepllTIKO a-: anpoOlroe;-Ta ~op ¢~~OTO E:U-, ouo- K.O.: euapwroe;, OUoep/lr,vwroe;. 01 neplOOOTepSe; ana ne; At~£le; nou nap08tooiJS, KQl XlAlOOSe; oM.u;, sm6lwvouV OTllv KOlV~ NSO£AAllvlK~ KQl TIe; OIOA8KTOUe; Tile;. nOAAte; ono ne; At~£le; Tile; KOlv~e; nou KOTooiKO~OV 01 OTIlKIOTte; we; «6op6opee;» KOt «xuoal£e;» 6plOKOVTOl o~~spo OS SUPUTOTIl XP~OIl. 'Onwe; OTO XPOV10 Tile; KOlV~e;, bot KQl ~Sle; At~e oTWSpO aonpoc; OVTl AWKOe;, KOKKlVOe; oVTI epuepoe;, /-laye/peio oVTi onrovlOv, nAuvw oVTi vimw, (o)(/Jopr(ov) oVTi ixBue;, K.a H nopoAAllAll XP~OT] AOYIWV KOI OIl~O nKwv A8~£WV ~£ CJTj~OotOAOYIKte; KOI U¢OAOYlKte; Olo¢oponol~OSIe; (nx AE:UKOe; OiKOe; - oonpoe; oav ra yoAara) £X£l s~nAouT[oSI TT] OT]IJSPIV~

HE:"RY GEORGE LIDDELL

ROBERT SCOTT

A Greek-English

Lexicon

S'" 1·:!J!.SRY STL'ART Jo,'a~s WITll THI!. "'~$UI.\:-lCI( n!'

With a Supplement edild by F:. .-1...

B,\i~B£n.

To £yKUpoT£pO O~OK~~pwptvo ~£~IKO T~e; Apxaiae; E~A~VIK~e; y~wooae; £ivol TO A£YOP£VO Liddell-Scott (auVTopoypaq>ia LSJ): Liddell-Scott-Jones, Greek-English Lexicon, Oxford, 91940 (p£ rr~tov rrpoopaOT£i OTO vta £AA~VIKa TO 1906: Miyo MF,iKOV T~r; dAI)VIKrye; yMIOlTl)e;. To ouprr~~pwpo O£ 2 TOpOUe; lTX£~la OT~K£ arro TOV K. r£wpyou~~ KOI OUVTaXe~K£ cm6 opMa
KOlV~ NeosAAllvlK~.

11111 l 1I11l1t

<~

IWI' 11111

MfrA A[:IKON THr

[ AA-H HIKHI rAn lIM I In. IilllI U m IIIIJW

111

~en()qoQ"TOI rl /,\OQov I . ,~,.t.i

,.,

~

W\ OOMDA it rnMT"I'KJM lAJQI: M.:tDn lUlJ WPUl;(lft

MO'm1Jl" lIN Wotl'n lDIrrl'tJa'

MlXAHII KQr«TANTlNl6.0Y

...

, ,.. """"" " I,

r,

L

A

~I

~01

OlJl:OI "l W!PtJl. O6Or :TA-'.jQY ...-,otOfOW

102

I

I

01 ~SVlO~Ol Tile; KOlV~e; OVOYOVTOl KOTO KUPlO Myo OTll !\onVlK~ KOI OSUTSpSUOVTWe; OTIlV E6po·lK~. KO~lO ~tVT] YAwooa OSV enllptooe TOOO nOAU TO AS~IAOYlO Tll<; K01V~<; 000 II !\OTIVIKrr Aeyewv, npOlrwplOv, Kaioap, KoAwvia, OOUoapIOV: /-lavriAI, J1E:/-l6pov'7, /-liAlOV, i5'7VOpIOV. LTOUe; nonupOue; OUVOVTO~S OpK£1£e; At~£le; Tile; Ko811~£pIV~e; ~w~e;: opyevroplOe; (apyupoXooe;), BpaKoplOe; (aurae; nou KoraoKwo~el BpOK£e;), KeAAoplOe; (anoB'7KOplOe;), rpoupva~, !JC1K£;';'.OpIOV (KpwnwAeio), 6wriov (evOU/-la) , ooyiov (J1c'{poe; /-loAArvoc; /-lGvouac;), K.O. 01 AonvlKte; At~£le; npooap~O~OVTOI 000 £iVOl OUVOTOV OTO KAl11KO OUOTIl~O Tile; EAAllVIK~e; KAr,/-l'7e;, -evroe; < Cleme(n)s, -ntis APK£10 £iVQl KOI 10 f.l£T0 ¢POOTIKO OOVSlO: E:KarOVrapxoe;: centuria, epyaoiav OIOOVOl: operam dare. H KUptOTSPll nllY~ TT]e; «CJTj~ITl~OUOOe;» KOlV~e; sivOi T] naAOlo KOI T] KOlVf] LltaBr,K'7 H ¢wvllTtK~ ~noypo¢~ TWV OT]~lnKWV OQVSlWV At~£WV £ivQl onovla: IaBawB, woavvo. LUV~eWe; npoKslTOt Yla ~S1O¢POOTlKO 06VSIO. H At~ll npoownb XPllol~OnOI£iTQI os nOAAte; OT2psoTuns<; eK¢pooele;: np6 npoownou TlVoe;: /-lnpooro OE: KonolOv, uioe;: oro/-lO (ui6e; trwv E:Karov). H ~eAtTllTwv ¢WVOAOylKWV, ~OP¢OAOYlKWV, OUVTOKTIKWV KOI A£~l AOylKWV YVWPlO~aTWV TIl<; neplMou aUT~e; anOKaAUnTSl on 01 pi~ee; TT]e; VSO£AAllvIKi)e; ovayovTOI OTO XPOVlO Tll<; KOlV~e;, npoy~a nou onooel KVU£1 Til ~OKPO Kat oOloanOOTIl nop£[o KQl OUVtX£IO Tile; EAAllVlKi)e; yAWOOOe;. ,a·

fPAMMA TOY NAYTH ATIIQNA LTON llATEPA TOY ETIIMAXO (20; I-IX m.). ;4niwv 'E.TIIJl1X(1J r(1i nUT(Ji itai ;W[!i(9 n}'£iUTO Xait.JfLv. ;rpo "in' ml''f(ov t:ir/.o"ai ut: llywivn v xa! JtI:' Jtuvro, tple]w,uivov mnr/.t:tl' ,una try, dij(;).lpryr; ,uou ;wi nj, Ovyat(Jor; ovtijr; xai tou d8cllpoiJ ,u0V. dJxa(}un:liJ t¢J xVP;(1J 'I:t;{!amb, litt poiJ xlVJVVt:vuovro, d, Oa)~uuul' iu(Oucv F;vOiw;. otE duijW01' rir; M'IUT/vou" &f3u pw. T!XOV nupa KuiuU(Jo, Xl!vuofJr; rpt:i,. "a; xuJ.w, poi ioTtv. EpWTW ·UF; oiN, itvgu! pOV IwrJj(J) Y(JrJ:r/lov POL bnUTolwv) iT(}liJtov piv Jugi rij, u(OT7Jpia, uou. bevTEgov ;rE(J! rfir; twv i.t.8EJ.lpwv pOV, Tg[tlTOV Iva uou

K£
miwv, a onoio~ auv15uo~£ XOPOKT~P'C1TIKO TaU O(]iPL150~ - AnL15o~ "OUC!.l rwv OEWV OF;).OvrWV.

KOI TOU nAOUTWVO. 0 Iopo",~ £IKovl~nol y£v£lotp6po~ ~£ nAou aUiTaua! Karrirwv(a n]o)J.a "ai tov, a8EJ.povr; (P]ov i(ui LE[!J'TVi]iJ.av "ai TO[Vr;]

(]IO ~OKPI6 K6~~. ITO np6awno nopou(]I6~£1 0~016T~T'~ ~, TOV rpiJ.ov, 1'01 vI· vupl/!a UO[l E!]XOVlV p[ov] Jla EVi(Tlj,uovor;. EU[T]l bi 1'0" Uvopa

lila. ITO KC
(A8~va, E6vLKO ApXOIOAoY'KO Mouado). fpf!liJOOai UE wxo,uaL KEVTVf!i[a] 'AfJ1jvovixl}.

l'er:ro: Eir; eJ>tJ.aJEJ.(piav "RiTlpa/.{o altO ;4iTi(Ovor; viov. 'AmJbor; dr; xwpr'lv ITg/pav

'AnaplJv(ov 10u).wvov A v(; 1}(P)~[!iV) altO Axiwvor; wun 'Empdx(o lCaTf!i a"'ToiJ,

(B.G.U. 2.423: 1,112 HUNT - EDGAIt).

o Alliul1' UTOV £:I(I'ny.o roy narE:(!U rou i(0! "vQw orO.vEl JloV.a XO!QEtio)iaw-

n{iw

Oil' oi,a oov EVXO/Wl va ixne; uYEla, 01J1'afl'l "at wTVXia /1O.~i)iE rl/v aodrpJj flOU,

rl/v xO(JI/ II/r; Xat wv aocArpo flOU. £uxa{!,arw rov xU{iW LE{!OJaOa, 0 onoior; ,u£ iowa,

a,uiawr; ,UO)L[' XLVOVVEUOO arl/ OoJaaao. 'Orov '{[aaO/-IE oro"( JlImlvOVr; [NavoTaO

flOS xOVTa 0 ''1 >IECliCOlell HIS IWlclas] mig(l ro OOono{!(xo. /lOV /;000 CJ.no rol' Kaioa

[JU, rQio XQuaa VOpiO).lOro, )101 EiflOl xa)o.. 2E na{!CJ.xoJ.w lama'!', XUQLf ;rarigo fWv,

Boa/KO 60~6~~o Y'O T~ ~£At1~ TWV ,H~V'Kt»V nonupwv anOTE YQU.~!E /-I0v.uta /-I,xQJj fllLOWAJj JfQWrol' (yw va wiew) Yia fr/" uydo OOV, OI'Vt£{!OV

Ad TO tpyo TOU £nLtpavou, nanupoA6you E. G. Turner, EAAryVlw; yw rl/v urda rWl' aoEJ.q!lnv ,lIOU, rgirov ylO va aou
T/111TUpal. Mncitpp. r. M. napciaoy),ou. A6~va 1981. /-I0v iOwaEC; IW)"1 ovor{!o({11 xw YL' O"TO cJ.lli~w va nQo%o1pw YQIj;'oQa f'E f1] (3oJje"a

rwv Otcn".

nova IpLi"o. owv KonLrwl'a "w rovr; O(\E).rpOVC; /-I0v xaL TIl 'i:£QqviJ.2n %01 rove; pi

),our; /IOU. 20U iow},o pta on£lxovwJj {lov f'£ rov Evxtll,uova.. To (vio) {lOV ovapa

Kd. TURII£1I Ei"w Avun1'qe; 1\1a~lflOr;. LOll £U7.0/-lW l'a ixw;vydo. KE1'nl{!ia A8qvovixrr

verso: l'TlJ r[J,),OOElrpEW orov £Jl~uaxo ano ro yw TOV AJliw va. No. ooOd UT1]V nQuJrI7

xoogT11 [UTQcmwuxo 'In'IIW] rwv A,Ta,ll1jvwv orov AV(fWVLO) 10v)[(1vo, rov YQa/-i/IQ

ria OliO rov Alliu;va yw rov nari{io roy Enif1axo.

TO

o VfOOV)),f·Y.WS A1ItWV orel,vEL w 7IQ~)to YQGI-II-IU IOU an:o wu£ MLOllvov£ owv 1laTe Qn TUIl [ni!lUXO,lWU ~€L 011] <'l>,),aOE),qJ€W. tllS Al.yumou. A1l£I.XOvLO~ TOll 11:QoqJavw; flo OtQ(m('lTtx~ ow),fl dxc 'lOll WtOu,et),CL. To QWflaLxo ovo~w 11:0ll O.ap;f l'rWV 'AVTlD VI~ MI1;;"li)S (Anconius i\1aximlls). To I,CSV,OyLO UVOl aQxfTa 11:),OVOI·O flo fvl'JlClepEQOUOlS VEfS Oll~IClOi£S: 'EQwrw: naQa '(0),(,). l'(orr/(Jio: vydo. 0, VfQ)'OY'WLOL elVaL 1lo),v 1l€QbOOOt€QOl: To EUXO{!wriiJ XQ'IOl [lO:lO'CtWI 011:W; )Wl m'lflfQa on) 0EOll 101) aQxalou oloa Xclelv. To [,:()iwe; 01]1IClLVEL ClI,frrWr;. To rt%OVIV IiEv CjIalv£TOl va EXClllltoxOQwux11 o1]f1.aola, E~EALsrl 11 01l0la yEvI Xr.VETaL OTOll; c:n:OiIEVOll; mwvc;. OL ),anVLXEC; AE~ElS, LIiWLT€QCI «ltO 10 OTQClTlOJTI)(') hCII.OyLO, ELVUl aQxETES, 1lQaYl-la avn,ll~vO~lEVO, nepov 0 E1tlOWI.OYQGqJOS l':t1](1£Tfl oro QOJflciLxO Va1JTlxO. BU:lrIJ'Ov: OOOL.iWQIXci i~ooo (OVyXQlV£ via: 'I ooor;). }(£vTVgia: ?coxoe; £xaro ovo(Jwv, oJ),a oro vnunxo TOuTll;nCll 1-1£ nJ.oio (foOl to nAoio OVO!.I<'Il;£ Wl 'A()'lvovi",!). XWQrl/ (coho/s): W Oixaro Tllr; ),EyEW1'a,. nQI/W: nQwr,!. /1 l{3l ciQ lOr;: o YQo,ulwriar; (libra/ius). o Tunos xiQav [€ lljlavl1;EL [e] aVTL

[i1 ,LIE Tll" 11:QOOOI1)(11 EVO; -1', 1IQaYl-la nOli 0l1paiv€L on elF YEVlXEmEL 0 aXl1~WnoI-lOS 'l1S mnaTl)(~S TWV tQI.tO"ALTlllV }lara TO nQoHoxAl TO. H XAlltLXlj E1laUO£ va )"mouQyEL OlOV auOOQl-l1llO 11:QOqJOQlXO ),oyo, OitO)S o€lxv€L 11 aun.llall IInTlIQ - JlOrEQ. 0 nOQUJWS f;' TOU )CJ./,{36.vw OXll~lClrLl;£Tm 1-1£ Tll v XClT('c)"1~11 -a o.vTl ·Ov, XOTa w ijvEyxa, Eln«. LW OllVTaXTlXO E1tlJlElio lin yi.V£tOl o,axQIOll avafl·l'Oa OTll mG011 xaL t1lv xLv11m]: ci~ 06.),«aaov, iv Oalaoo.'1, EV~J TO {),.Jri~w auv1aooETOL fliw EOCjlaAilEva fIE aitnQEflCtaro aOQlmou oyrl flEnovw.

XPIITOcDOP02: XAPAMMnAKHI

103

tOI

I,tDlrl uYY9u ,0l3S~'(D I,tDlrlU lDllp 91nV,,'3011l11I 0ldA9 1101 DQ9'('(3 UHD'(9rlXID U» :9>1lrl01l1'(OU 3>1US~l>1DlD>I 9'('(D 'DQ9'(Y3 IIUl 30Ul>1;J1D>I Url
::>OZ) ~'(OlDIIV ~>lllDlI1UYY3 IIUl 10)1

DQ9'('(3 IIUlD ::>D]Onoj3 ::>~>I)Drl(1)d ::>Ul Lto(1)!DdQ3 U 30ltAd(101rlUQ D]OUO IILn D]d010l U- D]dOlDl U 3d~u oA9Y 1101 Dd319AdV '::>UoD]1I113A ::>~>ll
Ul uouldl)lIno II01~ ::>DQ9YY3 'I"J ::>Ul 1I(1)>I]OUD 1I(1)1I~,(Y3 11(1)1 Doollll1lDY UOnQoplQ urllD'{9I>1 IDII!3 Uo(1'i7 UlO ::>PSDrlOIlU'('(3 10 ID nog nOl Do~rl Dl !d3U ,(Og~-~g~) nOI'(~dnv nO>ld9I"J nOl 0l1l9dX 01 913rl 91USoID ]3d(1)XOUIl DII i3';?!XdD 111l0llDldX013rl olUmrl9>1 D)3rllto 1311XPQ DI3S9rlOIlU'('(3 H '(smpaow 'SnJ.lS13J13d '13Uae:JS) nOl 91,(9I1d3I O!g 9>11110QU 11010 '''::>311';nUrl n090» ::>110 ::>(1)]dn>l 9'('(D '(e808exa '13ljSsad13JI '13ISI80/) "::>311))Url" ::>110 '(sms/p '13JISB13/Bd) 9rlo11U'(SD 11010 '(13Ja13Lj:JeW 'SnLji13,{:J 'Snp13:J) 91dn>lO>l1011 '(13Wmn13/B) ~>lld1D\ IIUlD '(snJf!pneU '13in1JU) 01>13'(91<;> ~>illnDr\ Lno OlD

:I)OlI1DU ::>13j~'( ::>~>llIIU'('(3 '::>13j~V"::>D)D'(0311 ::>~ondX» ::>Lu ::>3XD~'(

'''10UO" M!IJ'_110nllunmq ~(I)l

lOY. Y.1Y)l (\01 "5e;t01io'~ooDimri,, 5<;10){1'(iJ.oo~ll'(~3 5(\o~ooX -i,1)JJ 5~Ol 91:0 'SmxndJoo 'mi1i'9~'I311J){ 0
eUI1El-0JaBJD 1l10?Xl0/l(\Q DI01.)l 91!0 Bu}ilg OA(o)il-)X

-1)1 nOlo)dJllo"OX0101U3 l'
)~Xl~ll'('(3 "lA~l: nO;'9'( nOX1~llDV

(W"

\'Y.l~OA1JY. ~LtlO nn98,i30m£ ~O))Jri(T)d

l(~Ol~<;tO 11l'1. \100

° SOloriol}l!OonJ

'M0'C(l? (l~Dl~li 'lOY. '5ml/'o%!I(}VY. (wl 10311 n01 9,irlDOi,

'10oO(1)'(AJQ 9>11100lonO IDIIJ3 10]Drl(1)d IOjOQ9'(1
11rl01l1'(OU ID>I 9>111

01 31i 9'1.1].3X.o (l0111-o~-oU PO b900XllIJ 1J~l'X'I::I, n01 0!'(919 -o~3 ~(lO'U310 (l01 o~ 13,\}IM31£ 119 9Y.ll1V ~01 )300dJooLt'{1£

DII OlA OdlD~S 01 321rl~A nou ::>urlU1 0191dDl3'(odu 01 lD>I 9Y'(D

3d3j~ nOllll~d31 nOl ~ n011)D'(U nOl D)Q(1)rl(1)>I Olrl 130~8nOYO>lDdDU

(l01 539900 53"~'( 5uo 119 9y'I101illl"r.OODX mil]] 'Dli~G O1q~

::>110 Dd3rl~0 1D1110AI)O>lD 1)>llyAAD D09 9>11IlU'('(3 D091 01OIXD'(nOl

-I'(OU 10 Xu OlD

oz 11010 Do~I"J 'D!flX310Ao'( ~>l1I1UY'(3 IIUl 9>111DrlulDno

-"<;10 010 10130~ro1)~13 59)(111'(Oll lOY. 50001\10 50'(9k3ri

lDll1l)Orllrl ::>j3I 'lD1311]31f13 ltonQo]31Q U XU 'ID OS fl01 9UD 9y'(D 'D1Drl1111(1)1110>1 Dd31I 01 9UD 9>I1Xdo lD1f10Xd~odu ::>31U~'(013f1DQ lD>I ::>~lD13I1D'i7 XU 'lD og 1101 lD111(1oAo'(

0

O%O'l)W ,101 'nor! 01,(

,/.OW

(Y)D'!'031dYIJ 01

lJ
'l)lDmD V()UO~Q3e

'''
-101: «"0y'~(}7)%,, 500~ 011(1) V!YO[}1Iblio 'l)l1iV% roll

::>3f1U,(,(3, 10 flDADA~0l3 1)>l1fl11D,( DlO ::>13j~'( ::>~>l1I1U'('(3 ::>31(!Jdu ::>11

-'I)%II(}nx 10311" mltJ3 50pJ1 5110~'(u a '5roM'I)11 'vl\1111n~) 'l)lr!VY. 5131.1 ItlJ 1Y. 5(1)1%3 '«WI1IJtjjo» 01 31i 13()OQOl!.lJ V
-oflodX 0l3f19Q D1D]'(3)111 ::>U1 lD>I ::>D]'(01I (1)11)1 ::>U110>lIOU9

~01

'O'{lJl

31i 'l)y.1H7.n nOD 1}riUl,!,03 01 ml. ODO '«nOl, ~03Yll%3

~111 ~noY'(9g11l3 (].Ou 513D'I)11J1031c

511 m%

OJv'(1}dm< VII} 1V13
0001.

1V13
-~iJJ. all!. OD9 13
30 'v1
1%

1101 5311 '(Ml,17a3Jl "Ul "au 'lif/t

-UYJ031l V1111.1YJ31D n.01i V" 9o%v'(VI/> ,/.01 oom9(1)
mY.

aOl OJY[}lg 01. '11IOYJ31D nori

lJ
lJ'(11,(,{'I)OVll

'
}II

s3801 la 3J31JO/{0:J IU!la,! Ul311b

'01JadSX3 i!Vllb ,'13J3111"1 mvypdJ3y. 1?~ aUl po JfJ ,sdiDS Uln
(XU H7 AOld8I<\!30N ~) 0){U1V NOli VNUd3)JD! ",OJ. HVOliIU::J:

'(OI3DnOVll 9~IAoyoloXdV 'UYOU9N) ""Y9U» u~~y ~"IAUYY3 AUl 3DQOIOJl0l1JDudX "l3dQ~IUI1" OA 3Y3e~ A019 10" 'ue~ 9"" -UYY3 01 311 OA311"'13~10~3 9YO" A01~ ~130l;)l00dOJl ~Il 3D~oenoy -O~OdOli nOll 9"0~ 01 ·011ll3d31 ADl 10" OlnoyU /101 311 '10 'X'Jl no£ nOl ~OY31 01 QllO 3D0I1"~ '~",!dn" OIQ",I1"'>I O~N ~~"UYY3 AUlD 01ln19du ~Ol"~)lU~OAO '0!2"'""'" ~~!.oI1",d H '(0I311"'D -odu A~ododJ Oll"'D9dll 01 OW) 012",11"," QUo ~~U~D 1013A91D -Idoll (noll!d3U 'X'U OO~) 0luul10U AUl 9UO 91no 9l<'lQ,dJu,p 011

HlIINI.1VV In HlIINHVV3 ,;/IV,;/V

HNIO~

H

£IVQl OTL TLe; PWIl0"iK£e; A£Y£WV£e; OKOAOUSTlOOV PWIlO[Ol £noPXloKol OIOIKIlT£e;, £llnOpOl, Kat £mX£tpIlIlOTi£e;. i\aTlvIK£e; At~Ele; nOAlTOYPO ¢OUVTOI TWPO O1TlV KOtV~, oAAO Kat ouyypo¢£ie; onwe; 01 nOAu610e;, lllOVUOlOe; AAIKOPVOOO£oe; KOt nAouwpxoe; XPTlOIIlOnOIOuv PWllo'l KOUe; opoue;, OAllOT£ 11£ TTlV n£noi8TlOl1 OTI £iVat 011£00 KOTOVOTlTOi Kat OAllOT£ WE~TlYWVTOe; TO VOTlIlO TOUe;. LTTlV npWTIl KOTTlYOp[O OV~KOUV A£~£le; onwe; 0 p60l0e; < modius, 0 narpwv < patronus, 0 olKrarwp < dictator, 0 rirAoe; < titulus, Tl n6pra < porta, Tl oKaAa < scala, 0 KapnOe; < campus, 0 rpoupvoe; < furnus, 11 rpaf3a < taba' Kat A£~£le; onwe; TO npmrwplOV < praetorium, Tl KouarwOia < custodia KOI TO cppayyiMtov (J1aar[ylO) < flagellum £IXov ~oTl 1l0KpO npounTlP£Olo Mov £l.l¢OV10TflKOV 010 K£I\-lEVO TIle; Kowf)e; flw8r,KIK Movo 1110 npoy 1l0TLKO BoSIO Kat £KTETaIl8VIl YAWOOlK~ miopoOflllnopEi vo EPIlTlV£Uo£1 TO YEyovoe; OTI, n£pov TOU A£~IAOyiou, KOIV£e; arlllEpa KOTaA~~£Ie; Tile; N£ae; EMIlVIK~e; onwe; -aroe; KOl -oupo £Xouv AOTLVIK~ KOTaywy~. Ol 'EAlITlv£e; £owoav OTOUe; PWllaioue; nOAu n£ploooTEpa ono ooa «KOTaO£XTTlKOV» va nopouv, A1YOlollwe; unOnT£UOVTOIOTL TO «un£po VW unOljJiae;» we; npoe; TIlV 18ay£v£10 TOU p~lla lKovonolw OUVI01O £vav KAaOlKo AaTLvlOIlO, nAaoll£vo KaT' £IKova Kat 01.lOiwOlV TOU satistacio. To XPOVlKO TTle; OUVEUp£OTle; EAAIlVlK~e; Kat i\aTLVIK~e; £iVQl Evola¢£pov KOI onOlOe; TO Il£AnO aVaKaAUnT£l OTL O1IlV npoSullTl olYAwoola TWV PWllalwv Ol 'EMTlV£e; ovnha~av KaTO Kavovo nOAlTl OIlIK~ Kat YAWOOlK~ aAa~ov£la. 'OllwC; Ol PWllaiol ~Tav IKavoT£pol nOAlTlKOi KOI OInAWIlOT£e;: Tl ISuvouoa TO~Tl TOUe; aVTIA~¢8TlKE OTL IlIAWVWe; £AlITlVIKO OTOUe; 'EAlITlVEe; £Kav£ aV£TOT£PTl TTlV OOKTlOl1 TTle; £~ouoiae; Tile; 010 £AATlVO¢WVO KOllllOTl Tile; aUTOKpaTopiac;' ol'EMTlV£e; o£v 8£Alloav nOT£ va OOKlllOOOUV Il~nwc; IllAWVWe; AaTlVlKO Ilnopouoav va KOVOUV mo OVETIl TTl ~W~ TOUe; Il£oa O1Tl pWllaiK~ aUTOKpaTOpia. nOAU mo npoo¢aw KonolOe; uno01~pI~E OTI 0 MouooAivl KOTa01po¢ll K£ mEI6~, IlTl yvwpi~ovTae; Y£PllavIKo, £AEyE Ja O1OV XiTA£P £K£I nou o£v £npw£. lj..

EMHNIKO MTiNIKO XMKI61KO

AA I A f't... BB 8 8
[>

["

F .I H

0

EE PF ~

H

18 [

I

K ~

I< 'v

HIM

IWM

N 0

o

r

0

r p

Q

RR S

L,

N

o

T V X

Q

Fl P. $- 5 I

V

X

(])

{t

[lOLOS oLoa~E ato1JS t\mLvo1JS to a)..
IT~ ~IVloToupa, nou ~laKoa~(i tvav KW~IKa TWV

r(WpYI/(WV TOU

Blpylldou, naplaTavovral BoaKO; KOI 0lK6alTO ~wo. 01 lTo},aIO T£p£, KOlV\llVIKt, KOI nO},lTIa~IKt, napa~oa£l, TWV lIaTivwv £ivOl a~(aa auvopT~~tv£, ~£ T~V aYPoTIK~ ~w~. 0, £~'l'U},IOI n6},£~01 TOU 10u 01. n.X. £p~~waov, waToao, T~V ITO},IK~ UITOI

6po, KOI £vtll1l£UaOV 6X' ~6vo ov~ouXio YIC T~V TUX~ T~C;, aAAo KO' YoaroAyia Yla T!

alTHc; Kal £IP~V'Kt, 0~1£, T~C;.

H £IKOVO

yp6'l'~a~ OnaTUITWV£1 KaT! 0T16 OUT6 TO voara}..y'K6 Ka, £16u}..

l"aK6 lTV£U~O (BoTlKavo, Blblioteca Aposlolica Vaticana).

8E060POL: nAnArrE/\HL:

105

H KOINH

IIAIlIA

H 4ll.PIKH KOINA 'HOll ana TOV 40 al. n.X. OTIl LlK£Ala c;nIKpaTd II LlWPIK~ Kotva, ollAa OLovrai n VE" fJacnM:iJ rawv, rou I/Ja/J/Jov rov a(JLO/JOV ihnpov Elpv rIO ;r;hjOEI' iil'w OE OU /JOVOV rou ,-repi kV o~ II ounKO£MllvlK~ LlWPIK~. II ono[a OTaolaKa an06oM£L ne; anap pmwv(Ja, TE xat Tetv aMav kLxcJiav v;r;aP-lovro" aHa XOlw~tv£e; TOntKte; Tile; IOlQlT£pOTllT£e; Kat £VOW~OTWV£l OTOlxda ana xat roD 'lara rui(Jav XWl!av rav TE OixTlldvav xat Ulv aoi Tllv ATTlK~ olaA£KTo H LlWPIK~ aUT~ ~ae; dvOl YVWOT~ KUplWe; ana xTJrov. i:vri nVE, oi, ot' avrov a;r;Ei[!OV /Jiv dll£V oVX V,TO £ntypacpte; (30e;-10e; al. n.X.) KOl ana TO ouyypa~~OTa TOU oll~avnKo J.atJf3avovn, /lTJoiva IlivrOL raJJ.xoiJwv xarwvo/la(J/Jivov T£pOU ~a811~anKou Tile; aPXQlOTllTOe;, TOU APXl~~OIl, 0 ono[oe;, av Kat vmlyEu a(JL(}/JIJV, o(Ju, v;r;ep{3aJ.}.c:1 TO nJ.ijOor; aUrofi. AQ'l.I't~b1J~, lJfa/J/lirTJ', 1.

on

OQIJJflEVOt vo,uii;ovv, {3aOLha rowv, 0 aQLOfloe; rTJS 6jtflOV E!vat Wr£lQOe; eve; ;rQos TO nJ.ryeoS loV. Kat GEl' EVVOW /lovov Clvr~ nov {3Qiaxcrat YVQw ana ne; LvgaxovaEr; "at rTJv vno},otJC1/ L.t",),ia. aUa )Wt aE "aO, XWQa Eire xalOtXTJflEV1J Eire aXaroLx'lH!. YnaQXovv oflwr; xat xWrOIOt nov OEV 8ErJ.JQoVv 0 aQtO,uoS E!VW CllULQOe;, aAJ.a waroao fftarClJOVV nwe; OEY t'xEt xarovoflaar,i axoflCl Evae; rooo flEyaJ.Oe; aQt8pos nov va vJTEe{3a[Jlft ro 7rJ.~OOS r'7S'

on

a AQ;Ntfl()11S aITcu8uvu ro ()UYYQallIlU rou 'Ya,upirTJS (HOI' ~OalAl.U rE),wvo, OQXL~OVTas

III

~lla :WQOLIlIVl.l', EXCPQOOT)

yLa tov O~lE'tQ~TO aQL8j.Lo 't~; a~wolJ -T) LOW. :WQoq.!lCl (HOI' mvoogo. 0 II 98
°

OWQI.XO -a (rav aHav).

AP[[ArA TA

KONNI~A

o

LEI,Lvouvno; rcoQvo~ooJ
UITOOXOWV va Q(P~()EL HII' ITEgLOlJOla IOU oro LEgO 'tT)S

AqJgoi\[ \ I;;. Inl OLC\8~x'l WU OJ.L.WS ELXE ,{Qci'ljJEL 'til Qacnl

,J:LQrcaya 'to. Kovvloa», "at EWL ° O'i]~lO; og~lllOE XQL agna

SE xm 'ta unuQXovw xm ne; ;rul(\LoxES·

H AaxC>lVL"oTO.l '] OW(]ll"'1 tau Kovvloa, 'tT)V orcoLa ~Lvl1J.lO

VEUE 0 KClni~(axos 01OU; LalLB(Jus taV. ELVaL rfuaLxa '{gall

J.lEV1]01U
av'tL Kovvioov H q;gaaq E'{lVE ;rUQOlfl'looq,.

ljI~
an6 Pw~aio
106

Ollouoao£ OTllV AA£~avop£la. ouvtypQljJ£ OPlo~tv£e; npaY~OTd£e; TOU OTIl LlWPIK~ OlaA£KTO Tile; nOTploae; TOU, TWV LupaKOUOWV. LTO Mouodo HIe; AA£~ovop£lae;, TO c;ntOTIl~OVIKO Kat nOAlTlOTlKO KtVTpO nou £[X£ IOpUO£l a nTOA£~a[Oe; A' Kal OAOKA~PWO£ ~£ TI]V n£p[cpl]~ll 616Al08~KI] 0 nTOA£~aloe; B' 0 ¢IAOO£ACPOC;, 01 AOYIOl a~tpl ~VOI ana TOn£lvte; 610TlKte; CPPOVT[O£e;, oxoAla~av TO KAaOlKo Kd~£va, £pl~OVTOe; ouv£XWC; Yla A£~[ola Kal £P~llvd£c;, Kat ouvtypacpav AOYO T£XVIKO tpya nou o£v an£u8uvoVTOV OTO £upu KOIVO. aMo OTOUe; o~o[OUC; TWV. Luv811~a TWV AOylwv aUTwv, nou ~TOV OTllv nA£LOvoTllTO TOUe; «KplTlKoi a~a KQi nOII]TOl". ~TOV 0 "V£WT£plo~Oe;", OI]AaO~ II PI~IK~ avavtwOT] Tile; AOYOT£xv[ae; TOoO OTIl ~opcp~ 000 Kat OTO n£pl£ XO~£VO LTO K,\[~a aUTO napaOOOlaKO AOYOT£XVIKO dOll ava~opcpwvo VTOl: I] IWVlK~ £A£y£[a £~£ALoo£Tal O£ nOAUOTlXI] nOlllOT] £yKuKAOnat OIKOU n£pl£xo~tvou (Ai'TIQ TOU KaAAI~axou), I] oloaKnK~ nOlllCJI] ~£TOUolwv£Tal O£ c;nloTll~ovlKO tnoc; ($atvow;va TOU ApaTOu), TO £vc;nlypacpo (~vll~£laKo) c;n[ypa~~a y[V£Tat AOYOT£XVIKO. E~cpav[~ovTOl c;nLOT]e; Kat vta AOYOT£xvlKa dOl], onwe; TO 60UKO AIKO Kal aoTlKO £IOUAAlO, £UP£OIT£xv(a TOU 0£OKp[TOU, TO £ITull)\lO, tva tnoe; ~IKp~e; KALJ.laKae; Kat xaJ.lI]AWV TOVWV, onwe; I] 'EKalll) TOU KaMl~oxou, Kat 0 J.l1~[a~6oe;, onou 0 Hpwvoae; CJuvalpd TI] OIK£AIK~ napaOOOT] TOU Lwcppova J.l£ TO lWVlKO nV£UJ.la TOU InnWvaKTa.

Ol cjllAOAoyol-nOlIlTSe; aUT~e; Tile; EnOX~e; KaTaOK8UO~OUV VS8e; AOYOT8XVlKSe; yAW008e;, aVa~lYVUOVTOe; OTOlXda ana AOYOT8XVlKO lOlOA8KTO, ana apxaLKSe; OlaASKTOUe; nou OlQOW~OVTOl KOTO TonOUe; OTOV 8MIlVlOTlKO K60~0, at\t\o KOl aVTAWVTOe; «V8KPO" YAWOOlKO O1Ol XE:ia ana AE:~lKO, Tle; n8picjlll~8e; «yAwo08e;" npo'LOV TSTOlWV n8lpa ~aTlo~wv dVOl KOl 11 yAwooa TWV 60UKOAlKWV KOl aOTlKWV 8l0Ut\t\iwv TOU 880Kp[TOU, ~ia vsa ollAao~ AOYOT8XVlK~ YAwooa ~8 60011 Til 6.w PlK~ K01Va, at\t\o Kal ~8 lWVlKSe; npoo~i~8le; KOl KonOlOUe; OlOAlO~OUe; (onwe; TO OU~nt\8y~a -00 aVTi -(, naiOOE:le; OVTi fwi(E:le;), H Enu\OY~ aUT~e; Tile; olaMKTOU ~Tav ~[a OUV8l0IlT~ npoon088la va anoo08d TO couleur locale TWV 600KWV Tile; IlK8Aiae;. H owpi~ouoa TOU 880Kpi1OU dVOl yAwooa T8XVIlT~ (Ot OWplKOi Tunol TWV 8l0Ut\t\iwv 08V anavTouv we; OUVOAO 08 Ka~[a O~lAOU~SVIl 6.WPlK~ OlOA8K1O) nou SX8l we; 60011 TIlV npo¢oplK~ OlK8AlK~ 6.WPlK~

KOl Ta oupaKouOla OWplKO TWV KW~WOlWV TOU Emxop~ou KOl TWV ~i ~WV TOU IWcjlpova, IOlaiT8pa ana Til OlOAE:KTO TWV LupaKOUOWV 0 880 KplTOe; oavdOTIlK8 Tlmoue;, onwe; ~VeE:e; aVTi ~AeE:e;, 6svnOTOe; aVTi 6iAnaTOe;, ivri aVT[ iari, 8mpp~~OTa OE: -E:l (rT)vE:i) KOl 08 -0/ (tV001), BaOlKO ~opcjlOAOYlKO xapaKTIlPloTlKO Tile; dvOl TO 8~~e;: a, -0 aVTi Yla -T) lWVlKO (/laA0101V aVTi /l~A0101V) 6. -0 aVTi -ow OTIl Y8VlK~ nAll8uvTl KOU Tile; a' KAiolle; (xl/lQlpdv aVTi Xl/lQlPWV) y, PlllJaTlKSe; KaTOA~~8le; 08 -n, -/lE:e;, -VTl (E:i'pnO/lE:e; aVTi c;i'pnoW;V, AtyoVTl aVTi AtyOUOl), LUIJ cjlwva ~8 V80T8p8e; 88Wpi8e; 11 KOTOAIl~1l Tile; ~8TOx~e; 10U 81lAUKOU 08 -0100 avri -ouao (tXOlOO aVTi tXOUOO) KOl 11 Y8VlK~ TOU 8VlKOU 08 -w aVT[ -ou (OE:oaT)/ltvw aVTi 6E:00T)/lE: VOU), Tunol nou anavTOUv OTOV ~ 880Kplro, aAAO KOl OTa OWplKO ~~'

TOU KaAAl~OXOU, cjlaiv8TOl nwe; SXOUV KUPllvaLK~ nposA8uoll· TTl .6.WPlK~ OlOA8KTO, ~E: TOUe; auoTIl-

,

..,

,

poue; apXOlO~OUe; nou En86aA8 11 nOTpwa Kup~VIl, XPIlCJl~onoi1l08 KOl 0 KaAAi~aXoe; 08 OUO U~VOue; TOU (<
,.....

~

TO.

nANI

'1:"",,:~~~.":".A,,~"t"'7?:.'

d.~ ~~''''''''~:'''.''''''"r !'t_-.-F.''''!'"''''~'''''''",~ ,;,•• ,.:.I ....~r~,'~~._.., A"'..~~~WI!~...,..·_,.!

O;..... IA<.... ~- ...,.w,,'r ( ,.;,.,..,..... 'J'.".. ~.

··nq.,.

0~...,;.. ..r';"'1,..

6."......,v.i..,;:"

,~",l~";'''~''''I''''':

Tpa nat\t\oooc;,,) KOl 08 0plo~8va 8myp6~~OTa :,

j~

"~f;.·:r,Ql"'."~"'"

".",..,., ~of"·' .,...,

• .t,-.!'": Q~""I~ f~"'!'''''''''''

! AtN,.,,,:_IJ,, "·f'·~ ~r'l'~J f-••':,.

'1.,.._...,.~."

c

Map~oplvo oyaA~a

TOU 10u 01. ~,X, TTOU £IKovi~£1 TOV 'EpWTO 0 El£OKpITOe;, aAAo KOI 01 60UKOAIKOi TTOU OUVtXIOOV T~V TTopMoa~ TOU, KOeWe; KOI 01 £TT1YPo~~oTonolOi T~e; £AA~ VIOTIK~e; TT£PIMou, £Iaoyouv we; ~OVI~O UUVTPO
ltD" n TO JjJ,OvgwlW xui Ii nirv" aWToI.£, fliva, Ii non: rat, Jrayutm, f.U'J..ilJ{jaUL, lir)v bi xai

rv

(JVgiIJDcr;' pait. "ava TO DWTE[JOV dO).ol' anGUlO. af xa rifvo; i'l.'l XEgUOI' rgayov, a!yu TV).W!JO' af xa D' alya MfJv TfjVO, yiga;, i; rE xuwggEt Ii Xipago;· XlpagW Di xu)J;v xgia~ Eon x' apu4!l" efil~QtTO;, ,,9ul!ut; ~ 'f!Lbip>, Eir)lIUW, UT, 1-6.

nU%O cil'w TO 1j!lOvQwp.a ;Wl 7J xovxavva!iI,a, yulo(3omd. Exciv/I. ow; JIIIYf. OIpri, ]lOV y).vxorQa/ovelri, y).v"ri xw ov ,-wi"t,w; TO oovQav).[" flEra ral' Dal'a, wu ro OcVTEQO (3Qaflrio Oa xEQOiofl~. A l' E%cil'ae; %E!)oioEl rQaYD %EQaorpo QO,

aiyo. fir;.

;Ta[jF{'~

Eoir av rVXDlJ Dtdvor;

:iUfjEI

(JOO)CI()

,lIolQa(J[Q wv eO. nQQ£I~ ery},v"o xawi,,[" '[ IF %Oroli·wv}car; dval voan,uo TO %Qicu;, wOJrov v' OQXWEU; 1.'0 r7Jv uQ,uiyEle;.

p.w ai/a,

(,n)

LT01J£ Evaoxn'IQlO1Je; OTlX01J£ DIS OCOXQiTWIC; cruUoyll£ Jltglyoacpovro.t Ol LlXE),O[ 001Jxo),m va aVTG),)..aooo1Jv Or:'Qo.xm ,rr"II.EVlXa TOI!';'O'UOLa vu~li.a TV: av.

,.,.w:rtt-'....,•.-. ,

...

~~

N,No!Jf

f,

o

El£OKpITOe; £YPOljl£ tvo TToi~~a YIO T~ uuplyya, TOU onoiou m UTiXOI ax~~OTI~av OKp16we; OUTO TO ~OUOIKO OPYOVO (T£xvonaiy VIOV), H TunOYPO'l'IK~ Auu~ TOU AAoou MovouTlou (1495) o£v £X£I an0'l'UV£1 T~ aX~~OToTTOi~alj, "IupIY~", EilluAA,o, [PW~~], 1516 (A6~va, r£VVOO£IOe; BI6AI06~K'l),

EBINA IIITAKOY

107

TA

IEPA

KEIMENP,

H nAAAIA AIAGHKH KATA TOYI

EB~OMHKONTA

(0')

o TlTAoe; TOU

KEepQAQiOU m:pIEXE:I EVQV QVQXPOVIOIlO KQl IlIQV QVTiepQ 011· 0 OpOe; naAa/lJ L1WBrjKT) XPIlOlllonOI~BllKE: ana TOUe; XpIOTlaVOUe; KQl OtQKpiVE:l TIe; lOuoaiKEe; ipaEe; Qno TllV Ka/vil L1wBrjKT). 01 lou OQIOl OE:V BE:WpoUV TllV Ka/vil L1WBr]KI7 KE:lIlEVO IE:PO KQI OE:V OVOllel ~OUV TIe; ipQepEe; TWV naAala L1WBrjKI7. H QPXQlOTE:PllllapTUpIQ Yla TOUe; 0' nE:pIEXE:TQl OTllv IjJEUOE:nlYPQ

a:l!~~~~~~~~~~g

YlQ E:UXPllOTO Kal a~lomoTo KE:IIlE:VO. val" ;eai ~v IWl'ar; i:v rfi XOI),iP. roii ;e~rour; r(JEi; IIPI:(Jar;

H naAwQ L1WBr]KT) KaTa roue; 'E8001lr7KOVra E:lVQl, Aomov, EPYO xai rgElr; l'vxra;, Kai TCgoml'J;aro lwl'a; .T!.JO; ;evglOv rOv

noMwv IlE:TQepPOOTWV OE: OIQepOpE:TLKEe; EnoXEe;. H TE:XVIK~ E:n0IlEVWe; {JeD v avroii t;; rif; ;;o/)'£a; roD x~rov; ;eai d;rcv

nOIKIAAE:l ono Tllv E:AE:u8E:Pll anooooll TWV napOIlluJJV Kal TOU ,w6 we; 'Epinwa tv OJ.iljJEI POll ,T(JOr; ;
TIlIl£OIl 006 Tile; nc:vrarc:uxou KQl Tllv QKpa[o mOToTllTa TWV A' KQl B' xoval: pov' BaOlAE:lWV KQl TOU 'EKKAT)OlaoroD. .E:'" ;~oJia; (ioov xpavyijr; fJOV ijxov(Ja, rpwl'ijr; fJOV, . ·4.iTf!.J{!f1I"i,}'1: .j; PriOry !<(<{,/)f(!; Oa).IJ.(Juryr;, "'/li .TOWfJOi H ouMoy~ DE:PI£XE:l mlOlle; 616AtO nou OE:V 6p~KQV non: Tn 8£OIl exvx/.w(Jav fJE' TOUe; OTIlV lou60LK~ Bi6AO -E:iTE IlETO
=5~~~i~i~iiilli;

~

108

'Abitf/bi i'yl'W EvaI' rijv yuvalxa aurou, xai (J1J)J.afJouoa trDIl'V rov Katv, ;wi dirEV 'Exrrwaf/TJv avOpwirOV bta rou Owu. Kai ,T(!ooiOTJXEV rEXElV rov abE).q;ov aurou, roy "Af3E!. Kai iyivao "AfJEJ. irOtf/ijv ir(!ofJarwv, Katv bi fl' i{Jya~Of/El'O; rijv yijv. ri:vEOt;, 4,1-2 (fX/'). J. W. Weyers). ['11'01' fIE 10 Q~fW y~yvwaxw (EOW: EXW EQWU>
Kai iyivao rou ivwurou, ou alrEOavl'v O~iar; 0 fJa(Jll£ur;, Elbov rov ;
[baE, tyw dp! or(!au:uOlta! iv a(!afJwO r~; tl}ljpou i'w; rou v.OElv jiipa 7ta(!' Uf/Wl' rou (;lJrayyEiAiti pOI. xai alri· or(!E·t/JEV .,'auwl< y.ai A{Jwl)a(! rijv xlfJwrint dr; lC(}ov(Ja).TJJ1. xai t"aOwEl' iXE~ xai daVlb al'ifJatvcv lv rn al'afJa(JE! rwv i:J.rll(~V al'afJaivwv xai x),aiwv xai rijv xEq;aJ.iJl' ilrlXExa· ;'Uf/tdvoe;, xai amor; LTO(!cVITO avu,Toh£roc;, xai mie; 0 J.ao; 0 pET' amoiJ buxa).ul/Jev avij(! nil' xnpalijv avrou xai avifJwvov avafJalvovu; xai x).aiol'rE;. 8uU/},mvl' B', 15, 2~-30 (ix/). A. Rahlfs). Ta O%Ofl~i'CI EnqVt%a 0CPELAOVWt 01qv aXQaLCI m01011']w' 11 E~Qa.'l%ll EXfl OVO 1vrrous YW TO a' J1QOOWITO EVl%OU TII<; ITQOOIOITllOi; ClV1Ul\'UlLlCl;. 0 fllCo.Lpwwn'l<; OITOOLOEl yE"lxa TOV IT.Qono curro JlE to iyw, p.,') tOy /')E1)1EQO, aJtoUltEQ~O)'I' %0 t;1]),0 omos E00J, JlE 'tll'V 1tQLOlocpavli ITEQt
Eyw dflt arQClTEvo,UW: ({/i/i) (JrQcmvoltQ!. '£v aeafJwB TIl, iQ~pou' EITEIO~ 0 fl£TWI'(100t~S OEV Xa1C1vod t1'] US'1 aQo. fJw6 (sTJeoi, a"VOQOl ro;,ot), 111 ElCOJQEL lof.tlS WITWVUlllO XQl tTl ~LCtOYQacpEt ,+(0v1lw'.a. 'f..7[cxo.hn/JF'V rlv1Q Tilv !lura/.ttl' o.urou· ClITOOOO1'] 'Kota A£~Ii, To c0QCI'(xo OUOLO,01LXO ltOU (JIl!taivEl avrea; XQ110lf.l0JtOlEL10l tOIOlJla1l%a %CIl Ws OLaVE l~11tl~il avnov'u!-llCt. /4l'lj$Oll/.OY al'a(Ja£VQVfc. ;(a(~Aa[nvrE~' o ;\),EOvaovos (Qli,la + PETOX!I TOU LOLOU Q11flOTOS) arrOO[OH mOTa a;CClQEfl,+an%~ ouvtaSq '.lOU 0l1).WVEL EWI'WT'I'

UE[!arp!V ~CtOlt;£TCIl TO TQwo.ywv 11'], t\EL

WUQYLCIS ('Ayw;o fho;, 'Ayw;'I(Jxueo;, 'Ayw,A6a'Varo" iUTJoo" iJ,uCi;). 2:10 XWQio ClU10 EQEWOV1(.(L O%OfLU Ot ClITEl XOVlOEL<; lWV ESOJHEQUYW'V,

e..~

rX ' ~ €':' 0', ';! ce ':' O!,C.;r.~ ....;y,

~ONJ<~I\H

..... rHN H¥,..,HHHAO rATOC r~A.IAJ~,jl"TACI<~yAC""'~C.

teAl C .(OTOC€ n,jl"Nt.O'THC"'~Vccoy.

H apx~ an6 TO 616Aio T~<; rtvta£w<; (I, 1·2) (Kw~. Alexandrinus A., 50<; 01').

aT~ ~mi4'paa~ TWV

O'

Kai 11{!Saro NWE avO(!wn:or; )'I'W(!yo; yi;; ;.afJovu; J:IJP xai Iaq;eO ro iJlarwl' ilriOtYro l.Ti TIl. bvo vww aurwv xai btogEul)l/Oltl' oJr[oOolfiavw, iwi avvEx6Ju~;al' ,-qv yUJ1.l'W (JtV rofJ n:arpoe; awwv, xai ,0 'T(!OOWJr!tv avrwv om(J()o q;avi;, xlI.i nlv 'IUpvWalv rou Jro.r(!Oe; avrmv oux E[bov. ri'VE(JIr;, 9: 20·2 .

°

2:U~lf,(j)VCl ~l£ co ~L~)'L>.O XUlQLO NWE !jWV 0 rrQ0JTOS Clfut£),ougyoS· "AvB('w:'ro; /"")[!yoe; yr7;: JtAEOVClOf'OS' to L~Qa.'L%o: ,'(\,IIQunos 111(; Y'lS, To r,-riOEro 6:ma6orpo.vi; OEV mw\'cCt o).).ou 010U<; ElloOfl~%O>'1Ct,

MANOJ\HI nAnOYTIAKH

109

TA

IEPA

KEIMENA

H KAINH 41AOHKH Kai [1' ruie; ~pf(!ate; winale; avaOTae; niT(}Oe; tv pEa(JJ rwv abE},rpwv Elmy· ~v rE 0x},oe; 6vol'arwv iJTi ro amo waEi fxarov Ei'xo(J/' Iivi5(}Ee; a{jEJ.rpo~ ii5n ;rA1JPw()ijvat r1v y(}arp1v f{>' ,TpoEi:uv ro lCvwpa ro aywv i5u!. mOllaro; Javib :t"c!!i 10vi5a rau yevoptvov oi5T/yofi roie; uv}J.a {JOU(Jll! 1rwoVv [ ••• }. n{Ja~c~ iLTomoJ..oJV, 1, J5·16.

Ami IEWI.<1 XQ~Oll IOU OUOLaCn:Ly.ou lo. ow);wm (av()(!w ITOI' 5XJ.0I; ovo;;alwv: ITl.1()0~ aV()QcVJr(vv) ITQoy.,)ITm, ~U' 111 ~OOAa~~o~ lOU WITOU ovo/
tjJ~
60<; al. (Madaba, lop5avia).

Ta 616Ala nou anon:AOUV TT']V Kalvf} LJlOSrjKI) £XOUV ypaljm:l Ola £AAIlVIKO KQl napouOlO~OUV YAWOOIK~ aVO~Olo~op¢la avoAOYIl ~£ £K£ivll TWV 0'. 01 EmOlOA£e; TOU naUAOU, Ta apXQlOT£pa ow~o~£va XPIOTIaVIKO K£i~£va (n£plnou 50-60 ~.X.), Ka8we; KQl 01 Em01oA£e; TOU laKw60u, TOU louoa KQl 11 npoe; E6paioue; £ivQl £Pya ypa~~£va O£ yAwooa nou o£V napouOlo~£1 £vTov11 OTJ~lTlK~ miopaOTJ. Ta Euayyo.lO (fl£plflou 65-100 ~.X.), 10lOTuno ¢IAOAOYlKO £iooe;, fl£Pl£XOUV "OylO (TO "OYlOV) TOU 111000 KQl flapa06o£le; OX£TlKO ~£ TO 610 TOU. 01 O~OIOTIlT£e; nou napouOlo~OUV O1IlV a¢~Ylloll 0 MaSSaToc;, 0 MapKoc;, KQl 0 !\ouKac; (LUVOffiIKO EuaYY£Ala: LuvOlj!Ie; EuaYY£AlwV, ol1Aao~ £vlala £K8£01l Tile; OI~YIl011e; TWV TPIWV npWTWV EuaYY£AlWv) OO~Ylloav 010 ou~n£pao~o nwe; TO nOAOIOT£PO KQl OUVTO~OT£PO ana TO Tpio, TO KaTa MapKov, XPIl0l~onol~811K£ we; 6aOlK~ nllY~ YIO TO OUO nou oKoAou811oav. Ano TO Tpio LUVOffilKO TO KaTa !\OUKav £iVQl YAWOOIKO n£ploooT£PO £KA£ffiUO~£VO (nx oKOm~1l aVllKaTo01aOTJ AaTlVlKWV A£~£WV ~£ £AAllvlK£e;). To Kara 7wivvl)v 010 ¢£P£l all() TO unOAOtnO 010 u¢oe;, 0111 OO~~ KQl 0111 8£OAOYIK~ OK£lj!Il. nwe; £~lly£iTQt 11 Ol1~ITIK~ XPOIO nOAAwv £uaYY£AIKwV xwpiwv; f::,£v anoKA£i£TOI 11 m8av~ OIYAwooia TWV ouyypa¢£wv vo OIKQlOAOy£i TIlV 10ioTunll £K¢paOTJ TWV K£I~£VWV. 'lowe;, nOAI, 01 OUXVOI opa~a'lo~oi ~ £6po'io~01 VO £ivQl onOT£A£O~O Tile; OUV£IOIlT~e; npoono8£lae; nou Ka T£6aAov 01 ouyypa¢£ie; va ~1~1l80uv TO u¢oe; TWV 'E600~~KOVTO

~

~

.• (1-1)

oyJ
npor; KoplvOlour; A', 13, 5-8. Codex Claromontanus.

j3Y:ZHT€IT~eAYTHc

gynA r~J:.YNt::TAI ~YAOrlz.eTArro.
Kai r(ii ayyiJ.(IJ rr;<; iv
UYX411~ ere nITHA~1 KIA, cy AX"I pel A ETHAJ\Ht/i" n (NTACTerEI nANTAnlCTEYEI nANTAEAniZtl

•

':~N:4 ynoMENEI H~r.A.nH

ijv oVOEi<; ovvarcu

O~A€nOTteKn{nT€Jf

,,2Eiow avnl}"

ro a.V'tLXEl[LCVO rou £111

~a.ro~ EJtaVaAa[L~aVEWL
tao~~ (avnjv).

0 lI/,EOVa.O/lO~ EXEL EQ/l~VEUtEl w<; /)Eli'~a

O'1rUU){~e; XQOlae;.

1+2)

npO¢OpIKt~ nQpQMOS1~

OTQ apalJa"lKcl nptn81 VQ snUipaoQv OTTl

OlalJOp<)lwoTl TOU SMnVIKOU KSIIJSVOU. ouyypa<)ltQ~ TOU KaTo !\ouKav ouvtTO~S KQl Tl~ npa~w:; :4no oToAwv. To IOlWIJQ TOU BlBAlOU nsplsxsl O1olxda nou SPIJTlVSuTTlKav w; aTTlKlOlJoi, nx SUKTlK~ as OSUTSpsuouosc; npOT
o

a

Kai rfj ivary 6J{}(1 tfJOTJaEV 0 'fTJaoii<; ipwvfj {lqa),y' t'Aoll EJ.wl ).cpa oafJal!Javl; ff tam PEOE'{JPTJI'EVOPHOV' 0 O£o<; pOU 0 OEO; pOU, ~ ri fyxari)./Jri<; /'1;; Krd nvc; nilV ;ratlEarl/xOrwv a%OVaavrE<; v.t:yov' 'J/).iav rpwvu. Kara ltfti(}xov, 15,34 - 35.

to,'

°

IlE'{Ji oi rill' ivri!'1JV wgav aVE{JOTJOEV 1I]aoi.i<; 'Ixuvfj WyaJ.!l ;i"lWv, Ij).i ~J.i kpa oa{JaxOan; rom' {am· OEt pou Od: pou, ivari JlE [,j%ari),!1CE<;; 1'/.I·t<; Di rwl' tXEi iarTJ xorwv axovoavu<; ih'l0v 'H).iav rpwvc[ mho;, Kara MaOOaiov, 27,4~ - 47,

on

To IIQuno XWQio 8EwQEtTm alIo ue; CJl1[lClVUXOv'QEe; ~WQTU QiEe; yLa "1Y alIOI~11 Jtw; 11 AQO,[lO'iX~ l1wV 11 [t1'1TQlX~ YAIOO oa T01' IlIOOU (11 llCLQaooXfl au't~ OEY (Uva !IE tOy Ma(J(Jawv, 0 11100Ue; ova
MANOAHLnAnOYTIAKHI

1 J1

H ATTIKIITIKH

ANTlllPAIH

ATTIKJIMOI KAI ANTIATTIKIIMOI 6m lJi: 7-at pwmxr/ u, arpcl;" ovVTjOna TWV io,WTWV 7-aTa IT:o},£t, 7-ai DV1f tuarpEpovaa. oOF:V tv qn}.oaorpi{/. Jib Tii TWV rptloa{JI[ wv urOq!WOpEV, tv iar{ltXfj lJi: qj iaTpt XWTE[J(I-, EV lJi: TlIJ Pi(1J qj {JlJJ'I}OEurtp{/. xai ibupin(1J xat bnxw(Jwt;oi)(F[J. IT:a(Jo xai btl-W, roif aVToD Jr(Jayparo, Myop£vov Jwpaao/U:Oa IT:[J0, Tli Jrapbvra Q.[Jpot;opF:VOt IT:[JoaWlT:a TO p;, yfltiJpF:VOV lC[JorpigwOa" {moiov lCOT' iiI' ." , 7 , > , , , " Tl xara TTJI' rpvrRV. OWl' ro aVTo aprorpogtOV xat lravapwv J.i./ETat xat lCaltl' TO aUTO urapviov xat apiiJtov ;
lJ.'

n"oAovO"oOVltr HI" ExAurruo,uiv17 %1" 26yw ylrvoaa, fia Ti onw; ,LIE Tr; },oyta yAwoaa yeJ.ovv Ot avOl2wJrOt rou Aaov, ro iow %aVOUv %(J.l ,lit T'I y2waaa rov },nov 01 },OyWL

To xaa~l« aVafl£GCL ar~ A(iL%~ y),WLJaCl xal ell yJ":>aaa TWV AOylWv ElVCLL (lyoCpUgweO. O, a.vOgwnol, rou AO-OU (01 i6twrw) yd,Ol!v flc "lv crrLTllOFVGI] TWV aHLXlCYrWV, ((A),a X((l UUWl ntQlljJQOVOl!V pa8VWTu. rov xu.81W€gl'l0 ),0'10, o cp'Aoaocpoc; 21~TOC; EfmeIQly.6C; (tf),1120v - agx€s 30v UL ~lX.), CnTLXlOTlle; Xl UVeoe;, J1£Qlyg
114

o

opo~ QTTlKI0116C; XPIlOlIl0rIOle;lTQ( YIQ TO rIVWIlQTLKO EKe;lVO KlVllllQ nou, arIa TOV 10 rIEp[rIOU QI. rI.X. w~ KQl TOV 190 at (Kat, IlE rIapaAAQYE~, QKO 1111 Kat W~ TOV 200 al.), Em~IlTEl Til YAWOOlK~ OUIlIlOP
o £AAllVO~08~e; nptllTOe; OUTOKpaTOpOe; ¢OiV£TQl on dX£ TOUTio£1 OTllV OVT[AllljJ~ TOU TOV mOTO 0£600~o OTIe; nopOOOOIOKte; PW~OlKte; o~i£e; ~£ TTlV OUOTIlP~ T~Pll0ll TWV VO~WV TOU OTTIKOU AOyOU. at OVTtnOAOI ~TOV aUG: OTO £nin£oo Tile; YAWOOlK~e; XP~OI1e; Tl KOIV~ KQl OTO wln£oo TOU PllTOPIKOU u¢oue; 0 OOlOVIO~Oe;. riO TOUe; Pw~o[oue;, nou o£v dxov Tllv ¢UOlK~ 0[0811011 Tile; £~tAI~I1e; TTle; ~tVTle; yAwoooe;, TO 000 OUTa O~~QlVOV nopOK~~, oI0¢80pa, tM£lljJTl n£180px[0e; KQl ¢opnK~ ljJl~u8[wOll. 'ETOl ~too 0' aUTO TO nAoiOlO 01O~op¢w811K£ 11 8£wp[0 Tile; ~[~110lle; we; 600lK~e; opx~e; Tile; AOYOT£XVlK~e; 011~loupY[0e;. TTl 8£wp[0 OUT~ TTlV ovtmu~ov 0 lliovuOIoe; 0 AAIKOpVOO o£ue; Kat 0 lIlOVUOIoe; /loYYlvoe; OTO nepi uljJoue;. H ~[~TloTl npoun£8£T£ npclTuno, KQl OUTa tnpw£ va KWOIKonOlll 80uv, napa TO OTI 01 ~£TO~U TOUe; OIO¢Op£e;, YAWOOlK£e; KOI U¢OAOYIK£e;, ~TOV Ouxva ~£yaA£e; 'ETOl nx OUYKPO T~8TlK£, m80VOTOTO ano TOV AnOAAOOWpO, 0 Kavovae; TWV atKa PllTOPWV, t01W KI 0'1 01 OTTIKI01te; O£V OU~¢WVOUOOV naVTO nOlOe; ana OAOUe; onOT£AOUO£ TO mo O~lom01O npOTU no, KQl ~1~.JOUVTOV aAAOe; TOV ll.11~008£VTl, aMoe; TOV /luoio. a OTTlKIO~Oe; 6P~K£ YOVI~O £oo¢oe; O1Tl ll.£UT£PTl LO¢I01IK~ (10e;-30e; at. ~.X.). L£ oVT[8£011 ~£ ouyypo¢£ie; TOU 20u-10u at. n.X., onwe; o nOAu610e; ~ 0 ll.160wpoe; 0 LlK£AIWTlle;, nou ypa¢ouv O£ MYI£e; ~op¢te; TTle; KOIV~e;, 01 ouyypo¢de; 1I1e; lI£uT£Plle; LO¢I01IK~e; (ll.iwv XPUOOO1O~Oe;, HpWOlle; 0 ATTlKOe; KOI, KUp[We;, 0 AIAIOe; AplO1dolle;) WIO(OOVTOI O£ ~10 KOKO~I1All KCll £mo£IKnK~ ~[~T')011 TWV ATnKWV ouyypo¢£wv. H nPOOna8£la TOUe; ouxva n£plop[~£TOI OTO va ~£8aljJOUV V£KpOUe; TunOUe; Tile; ATTlK~e; OlOA£KTOU, OU'iKOUe; KQl £UKTIK£e;, ie; KQl C;UV OVTi de; KQl GUV, IT KOI pp OVT[ GO KQl po. a /louKIOvOe;, ~OAOVOTI aV~K£1 010 IOlO O1pmon£oo, ouxva oonpi~£l ne; OTTlKI01IKte; un£p60Me;. 'anwe; 11 ~£Ta¢pOOT') Tile; naAa/oe; L1IOBrjKT/e; £YIV£ O£ ola¢op£e; ~op¢te; Tile; AoiK~e; ~ Tile; AOYIOT£Plle; KOIV~e; (Ouxva ~£ £~¢ovde; £6polo~oue;), £TOI KOI 01 ouyypotJlde; TTle; KQlv~e; XPll01~0 nOllloov Til AQlK~ KOIV~ YIO va Kmaypa l.fIOUV KOI 'In OIOOWOOUV Til XP!OnOVIK~ OloaoKoi\[a. H y'i,waoa Quni £m6[wo£ 0111'1 nOlllnK~ u~voypa¢IK~ napoywy~ TWV XPIOTlOVWV, 11 XPloTlavIK~, o~we;, n£~oypa¢[a ~011 ana TOV 40 at. npoo XWPll0£ KI aUT~ 010'1 oTnKlo~o. KQl 11 unoTOY~ aUT~ naptoup£ TO OUVOAO Tile; 6u~avTlv~e; MYlae; ypall~m£iae;, npo KaAwVTOe; £TOI Tllv Ka8ltpwoll ~IOe; «£nioll~I1e;" YAWOOOe;, nou nOTt O£v ~IA~8TlK£ t~w ana ne; PllTOpIK£e; £nlod ~£le;, KQl t¢£p£ ne; YVWOT£e; OPVllTIKte; ouv£n£l£e; 0111 ¢UOIK~ £~£AI~11 1I1e; £Mll VIK~e; nQlodae; ,

Tabula Peutingeriana (AEmo~tpEla). M£aalwvrKO aVTivpa
U

l)

t-

t.

KYPIAKOI ITANITANOrl\OY

115

H

ATTIKIl:TIKH

ANTll1PAl:H

ATTIKIITIKA AEEIKA a 21 ;\ yvoia xa; avalijcia xa; JU!VTa Ta TOwiJra Exuivov u~ npOrpEpOVWL T~V u}J'lJTaiav 01 naJ.awi it m"oi xai Jra(}O~UvOVTE~. a 27 :A yopalIUJ }1yovlIt., TO Oi: ayo[!w {Jrig (J"pov. Jra(}aijELYfHI.TUJY ijE flEura JravTa. E 22 Einov xai ELm· aprpirrrga H(lpa A mxoi" pii}),()v i5i 'TprnE(}Ov. I( 36 K[!aurtv Amy-oi JToav, yg{wnv iji OVtJEVE" P 24 MoJ.v{Jijo, ijla wi] v xai ij AmxoL 1t 7 lla}).aY-w, ov na}J~"w, oi JraiijE" II 36 rT[!E{JJ.Oy 'fOV urga{JOv ;1yov IILV. OV'fW, EiJJrOJ.I,. AUtOS ~LOVU(JlOS, f\TILXU 'Ovoflam.

to

rirv

lIyvoia lWL Qvwocia xat oJ.a ra o,uola Ol naJ.alOi ATnxoi fa JC!}OrpEQOllV fiE ,ua;
[L1:a A € ATjVl(JU)tU XgovlCX L€ X€ Y€Vl'X£1H€L Tj XaL 0 1:0VlO!J.0S 01:TjV nQona QaAljyouoa, onws o~!J.€(l(.(: ayvoLa, elVaioEw]. AyoQa ow ),.EV€ [EWOEL1:ClL OL A1:nXoL), Ev(1.J ro (1'10Qw EiVaL {3aQfJa ~guXUV0111:11S A~YOUO('(s

QO' lLiro n(J.{jaoEiYflaW. dVaL yr:pon/ oJ.TJ 1] YQa,uj1aui.o.. [I1Q(.(y~wnxu, (J1:qv Va},aLa. dw.e'ix7) E)[.a~u~OU~L€: '£aoQae; B', 20.32 «OUlt ayoQ(')!l€V rroQ' oUHilv Ev L(.(~~a1:qJ>}]. £brov xClL Ebra' xw fa 0110 fa !3Qiaxov,LLE arove; Amx01l" l!eQwaouQo OjIWe; TO liQWTO. [0 1:urro; dJra Elval 0 (JUvqeEOl:€goS onrv KOLV~ 'XCll a.u1:o; nou €m~L()JO€ ol')~L€Qa]. K(;i!ianv .livE OL Awxoi TO XOQTa QL, EVW YQalJrLv OEl' ro )iEL "U,Ula OLa},Exro,. [KL O~W)(;, 0 1:urrOe; YQaaru; EltLXQo. "loE, '(LO- VO- OcOOEL, flF EVOLo.fl€OO cOv T011:0 YQaaUL~, TO O~flEgLVO YQaaiOl]. Mo},v{3ooc; JiVE 01 Am"o~ JlE V Xat JlE O. [L\q),ao~ OXL jiO},1!30" orrw; l€ VaL 0 EltLXOe; 1L"CO; rrou EntxgU1:~OE we; OTifl€QO-J. [JaJJ.6."w 2iyOVTW ra JrWOla, 0Xlrta}J,lixw. [0 nirroc; ilOU aJ1OQgL,-n:€ TO.L EltLx9o.1110€ 01:0 XOLVO liUJ.}'7x6.(lLl. Tov O!Qaf3o rov }Eve oTQI;l),ov. 'Erat liX. EU;W),L,. [FWOEL1:aL 0 aU?jOwQo,

we;

°

Em;(go.T11oE

~.L

EOW 0 Turro; ITOU anoQQi.rrTETClL: arQu{3o,J.

hov OTTlKI01l6, EVa KLvr1l10 YIO H!V ov06[wOll I-.llOe; nopwXllll£vlle; II anoia, 6Ilwe;, £X£I KOTOypo¢d O£ Eva £KT£1a \l£VO ypa\l\lOT£laK6 OW\lO, dvOi ¢uOIK6 va naL~ouv KUplO p61-0 TO A£~lKU. 'HOll ana TOV 20 al. n.X. XPOVOAOYOUVTQl 01 npwT£e; ouvayw y£e; a11lKwv A£~£WV ana TOU<; yVWaTOUe; ypa\l\lOTIKOUe; KpuTllTa TOV MaAAwTll, [',1l\l~TPlO I~iovo KOI TOV A811va[0 et>lA~\lOVO. Kav£va ana OUTa TO £pyo O£V EX£I ow8d, WaT£ va ~£POU\l2 TO xopaKT~pa aUT~e; YAWOOIK~e; 1l0p¢~e;,

Tile; npwIlllle; OTTlKIOTlK~e; 0p0aTllPlaTllTOe;, AVTL8£10, \l0e; EXOUV ow 8d napa nOAAa anOanaO\lOTa an6 OUO a11IKloTIKa A£~IKa, nou ouvTax811Kav 010 xp6vla TOU ¢IA£MllvO KQl £AAllVI01~ PW\la[ou aUTOKpClTOpa Mplavou (117-138 \l.X.), an6 Tau<; ypa\l\laTlKou<; AlAlo L'lIOVUOIO KQl nauoavia KQl anoT£AouV a¢£v6e; npoona8£1£e; an0811 oauplOlle; YAWOOIKOU UAIKOU on6 OTTlKa £pya KOI O¢£T£POU (KUp[We; TO npWTO) OOIlYl£e; Yla TllV op8~ XP~oIlTlle; AT1lK~e; olaAEKTou. Ano 81100UPIOTIK6 xapoKT~pO dX£ yupw O1a T£AllTOU 20u al. \l.x. Kal TO OVOj.JQOTlKOV TOU nOAUO£UKll (tva A£1;IK6 \l£ £VVOIOAOYlK~ olcno~ll, 6nwe; a aYYAlK6<; Thesaurus TaU Rogel ~ TO £AAllvlKa flvTlA€~IKOV TOU 8001avT~6YAOU), 6nou a\lw<; ouxvu 6pioKOU\l£ KQl T£TOIOU dooue; OOllyL£e;. AKpaL£e; aT1IKlaTIKE<; 8£0£1e; £K¢PU~£I 0 YPOIl\lOTIKa<; etJPUVI xoe;, OI£KOIKllT~e; Tile; EOP0<; Tll<; PllTOPIK~<; OTllV A8~va, Tllv onoLa KtPOIO£ T£AIKa o noAuo£uKlle;. rupw 010 200 \l.x. YPU¢£lO Ma[pl<; TO A£~lK6 I\£~£l(; flTTlKWV KU! 'EAArjvwv ~ flTTlKI

orrjc:;, TO anoio OlOKp[V£l Tl<; At ~£l<; as OTT1K£<; Kal £AAllVIK£e;, £vTaooOVTOe; OTle; O£UT£P£<;

Tle; A£1;£I<; Tile; KOlv~e; m;!!i 0' Epfl1]I'£iae; roaovmv UV fL,7 'Ill, fJ~TE OVnfl(lft fl'iTt: iJ~flau XP~(JO(1l a}J.ol~ nJ.ljv

rot. F'X

HUl' {JlfJMIJ)V.

At/,LOS A1!tll1'dbl];, nf(!i 1;!}I'T]1'Uar;, U.

on

'Qao yla TTIV !:%c(Quuli ,uou T01)TO ,uovo Oa 7!W: OEl' X(27) 0l,1l0JrO['7011 01lrl' !:VCl 01'0/10 011" iva Qlil'o. nov va ,UT/V TO

i:J.w o
o OOqJl()T1'~ [\Qws AgLOIElbll; ElV(llll'fQ~(rCLVO;, YlO-TL 01:0 ygamo rou igyo DEV XQ1I
I!J~aivoVTO po~o OT'~ AOYOTCXVIKt~

KOI Y~W(J(J'Kt~ OVTlITaPO Kat 5t(J~oxc~ TOU cAA~vla~ou 1'ila1'ipa~(JTlaav KOI 0' Pw ~OiOI aUTOKp6TOPC~ TaU 10u KOI 20u al. ~.X, 0, ncpl(J(JorcpOI 6AAw(J'TC ano aUTOu~ c'Xav 'EAA~vc~ 1'ia(JK6Aou~ KOI OPI(J~tvOI ~iL\LOTa AOYOTCXVIKt~
116

"...:

10 EiJxapunEiv ou/iEi, rwv ooxipwv ElmY, £lV.1i xaprv EiOivar. 27 NTJpUv ijOWIl pT/oap(ii" a}J.a H:poorpawv, axpwrpvi,.32 HEoovVxnOv,TOIlJW,OV, ou H:OA-mXDv. 4/ Iy.ip,TOU, }.i)'c, £lV.a fliJ xf!a{JfJaw,· plaf!ov yal1. 50 Ko pLOV ~ xOlliolOv ij XO(JiOXT/ MyoUOIV, OE xOl1aowv Jral1aA-oyOl'. 74 flaVTOf/; piT Uri, an: ExaarOTE xai Dra ,TanD,. 83 Iagmoo\' £-TEloav axovl1!/' nvo, J.iyovro;, xi).£VOOI' .'CllgaxoPTJoov ),fyEIV. 89 AvOivrq, PlJOb,orE lP~071 bTi rOu &oJrorov, W, oi m:l1i Tli OlY.aOT~l1w g,jw {JE" aM' bri rou aliroXE/{Jo, rpOl'iIV,. 93 itxlJ11v liI"i rov In· ZEVorpwvr:a )iyovo/v (iJr:a~ atir(il xctpi;(}()w., aU /jf: ((vli:irrov XI1;;o9at., liyf oE crl. 123 "Hp'Tv' d xai EV{!iw.E Tal JUlfla wi; ti{}xaiol" ovx EpEiq, Il)).' lTv i:ym. 189 Ixo(!Jri/;l'taL' 'Exaraio, fJi;v rovm MyEL "lwv WI', oi oi AmY-oi OY.Eoavwrai Ipamv. /92 'PECI., ?;UI., ,THa· laxa raiJra OWI{!Ov/IEVa. kif Ol';v I!Ei, I;Ei, ;dEI. 197 Baoiharm ouod, niiv ci{}"taiwv ELTEV, tWa {JaoODa ij pain)),. 198 IrxxaivopaL' r~ livn vauria, a~rOl' rovvopa. aJJ.' i:t!li; {JbEAvrropar itOl]vaio,. 220 KaropOmpara· apapra VOVal xavravOa oi MropE" ovx doou, ro fJEv iJiipa fJOxr/IOl', ro ;wropOwoal., ro D' a1ro rmJrov Ovopa atloxr flOl', rO xaropf)w/la. ii-;'Elv oiN lPr, (f.vopayaOlipara. 249 Ff:~paTa' ;ro)J.axoiJ axovw rt,v ~IV rtOEpf;vlJV b:i I'WI' xap,Twv, tYlu I>i or;x oloa rt{!Xaiav xai box/pOl' oiJoav. lPr, oiN a!'I'i rou YEVV~para xag:r:oi', AiI'm SlJ!>Ov, xai vypov,. 290 Kpv{Jcrar I{'Ef-yE ora roii {J liyw xai XpV{JE 0917.1, aiM ,511i roii H:r Xl!VffTcr(1.I xai xpv:r:TwOar lpaOI. l!imxo~1 'EXJ..OYI) amxwv ~'TPu.rwv xai ovoparwv.

ro

w,

on

EvD.L qJavEgo on ana 't01J<; ccmxou<; ,unou<; nou a1JVlaH). 0
«LTpo80e; Tae; OtjJ£Ie;, o~ue; ~i: TOV voOv" (LouT~ae; yla TOV Mtvav~pa). 1IJ~4lI~wT6 ITapTpt TO Tau Kw~wliloyp<'J4l0U (IT£piITou 342-292 IT.X.), ITau 8pt8~KE G£ ~Ia tnauA~ Tau 40u at. ILX. OT~ MUTlA~Y~. noAAoi auoT~poi aTTlKloTte; ~£v 8£wpouoaY TOV o~~aVTIK6T£pa £KITp6owITO T~e; Ni:ae; Kw~wliiae; ITp6TUITO aTTIKaU Aoyou, O£ aVTi8£O~ ~. TOY A/AIO LllovuolO ITOU aVTA£i alTo OUTav rroAAa ITapa~£iY~OTa. AI' Kat ~ yAwooa Tau M£vaY~pou £ivOi «y£~aT~ aIT6 K£iy~v T~V O~i~~T~ aTTIK~ X6p~" (A. Lesky), £VTOUTOIe; oplo~tva xapa'T~ploTIKa T~e;, OITWe; ~ o~~oOloAoYIK~ ouyxuo~ aopioToU Kal ITapaK£I~tvou, ITpoovoyytAAouv T~Y KOlv~. pUY1xOe; £K4lpa<£1 T~V aITopia TOU: «OUX OPW ~O TOV 'HpaKAto Ti TTC10XOUOIV oi TOY Mi: Yav~pov ~i:yOY iiyOVT£e; Kat aipOVT£e; imi:p TO i:AA~YIKOV oITay. ~Ia Ti ~i: 8au~aoo~ i'xw; OTi Hi a.po TWV 'EAA~vwy opw ~OVIKWe; IT£pi TOY .w~W~aITOIOV TOOTOV OTTouo6~oVTO."

o

2.51 TiJ rail OTga{Jo, ilJrwrtxov. 3.136 '0 ya{! (bjJvxo, il>IW I'I.!
H J.iSIJ arQo.[3a, riVal OIJ."o"x", [A,U~lIo)Qoe;. H mnx~ ),i~1l n01J E'(XQlVETClll:lvUl u.lo, ~ OTQr/U6;]. H J.ic,1J a1/Juxo, [LQVUCJlO !WU UV1AEi mr' a1Jl0V no),i..Q rraQaoEly~wra. 11 i,ES-I] n01J fY,{Qlv£tul [l\,UL .flff)VOrL7.0C;, EVW 'YLQ n~ yuvaLzn; CHt ... b(Et'Cll YJ X\!l'IlJ",\ 1"'1<; uilll'oor:]. H ",,':;,/ d"Jli,uw/' rim' wrpa}cj'£vIJ. [H ),Es-'1 nou l:yXgivHCll £lVCll EJr:wnlilUJ"]. I{!aiJ, ;r),1/0VVT/xii'J, fl.rr£i
KYPIAKOL: TLANTLANOfAOY

117

H ATTIKILTIKH

ANTlllPALH

H(AEYTEPA IOCl>IITIKH» KAI H rAnIIA THI Hpw~~~ 0 ATT'K
(101-177 II.X.): 11£

T~ ~,~ooKahio KO' T~V

OKTlvo6ollio TOU o~~y~a£ OplOTJKci T~ t.WTtpo LO'PI(JTlK~ OT~V KOT£u6uva~ TOU auaT~pou aTT'K,a~ou. MciplIOPO, 2o~ a •.

II.X.

(A8~va, E6v'K6 ApxalOhoY'K6 MouaEio).

HXEi bi Jldaywv ).tyvponaTov JTEpi Tit iaurou {)(J)(!a TE ;wi ycvv~para, o[OVJfE!! rour; J1rll'U.r; xai rour; Z;aTVpOVr; !paai JrotTfrai ~aTa rE Tit OpTJ xai nE(!i Tit bivb(!a ~XEiv W(!{I- hovr; rF.[!;ropivovr;, ~ai rour; povlltxwrarovr; rwv (JC;WV iavrofi ,To)1rar; TE xai ivoixovr; qwv i\JTO}J.O) u: xai "APrE/ILV, oilr; 0 lraVTWV JraT~p ZEiJr; OJ, tv xa)J.iau,JJ rOVrfll rijr; ofllovpi:vqr; irpuucv, LV' £lev rtJ.£tOt TqV POVIlt X~l', xai T~V ATfrw {jtit TptWl' iripwv vljuwv {jyarEv dr;

aTE

pirni" tv piufll TIp Aiyaifll rql' LJiiJ.ol', itOTJval' ~YEIIOva JrOtTJUallCVOr; aUr:fi Tijr; 6bou. Jij).ov bi xai navr; Tofi .Tdayou; !pVUEI IIOTIUtXOV, Ii rE EVOUr; i~ apxiir; aVlixcv Wfmf'(! aUov nvit xopOv rOv rail' l'IjUWl', at {jtEtlTJ!puiat ;rtJ.ayor; Jro)J.ai ;rgor; aUIj).ar; xo~ltpivat Jravujr; IIVl/lou lJtOvpapfJtxofi 8iapa if'(!wrE(!ov vavratr; rE xai i..TtfJaratr; !pail'ov-rat, ;etvbvvrov u: lrat!a'IJlrt~ xai XaTo. voiil' fovro;; JlJ.ofi 1/luXa,/(Oyia (Jaupil.rmj. AiA.LO; Al.lHll"eib'lS Eir; TO AiyailJv JliJ,ayor;, Ll-12

ro

ro

(E~O.

K, axo},oya y},v){vuQa am)

y'

a. Kcil).

aiJa ni},u.ya YQIYVQW an'

ra xaQLa/lara){a£ ra yc;Jf,'!j,uaru YOV, OlrOJe; Ot [laVE(; Xat Ot I:arvQ04 ,aue; iJVE 01 nou)rir;, axo}oyovv YQ'YVQW a.;ro ra (;ivrea, JUlV",) am fJovva, fE TIe; xa}.oxCHQtfC; aav xaiQo vra, Lllxove; rov £XEI ro AlyaLo roue;,aovOIXOTEQOVe; 8wve; %Qt, %aroi){ov~.' T.OV AJro}..i.wvfI. %Qt OJ!' ;\guPl}, novo Lliar;, o,{OVWl' naYEQae;, Ei5w, oav or' WQWOTEQO Y~e; o,,
'OWV, npoc; TO TSAOC; TOU 10u n,X. aI., smKpanlOs OlO sMllvlKa YPollllOTa 0 anIKloll0C;, TO nptino nou Sa nsplll£Va\-lS va 6psSsi OTO nsplSwplO siVOl 11 PllTOPlK~: Ilnopsi 11 Sswpia TOU eu Myelv va s~aKo AOUSouos va OIOaOKSWI ow axOAdo, \-lnopsi Ol \-lopejlW\-lSVOl, -EMll VSC; KOl "sMllv[~OVTsC;" ~SVOl, va 80u\-la~ov TO £Pyo TWV AnlKwv PllTOpwv, va Ta \-lSASTOUOOV KOl va smxslpouoav va Ta Illll1180uv OlO

o AU,LOS AQLOTd0'l' cno omiOTCaO~la aUTO ESU~VEl 10 Al yaLo. 2:LyoUQa rj ILEniepQ a011 ClOlXEL 10 nQunOTU1\:o, X«L lOLO,

flO IlsyaAll 1l0C; SKnAll~1l OUVaVTOU\-lS ana TOV npWTO we; TOUAaXI OlOV KOl TOV £KTO IlSWXPlCITIOVIKO OlWVO £vov OAOKAllPO OCITSPIOIlO ana «Ooq,lCJTSe;", nou 11 q,~\-lll TOUe; OSV 600l~OTOV TOOO OTll ouyypaq,l K~ KOI OlOOKTlK~ TOUe; OP00111PIOTllTO, 000 Olll PllTOPlK~ TOUC; OSlVO TllTO MIAoullS Yla 01l\-laVTlKSe; npOOwTIlKOTIlTSe; oav TOV l'>[wva TOV snOvo\-la~O\-lSVO XpUOOOlOIlO (10C; Ol.), TOV
J70A/rc-:.

10 TCEQIEXO~IEVO va !-Lac :TQoxa)..El XawiyEAa' av OflLO, C;t nxoou!-Lt 10 XELflEVO fiE W xQlT1iQw T11, EurpWVLaC;, T'1C; EUQuOfllaC; Xa.L TLOV 6XALOV ClTC(]L11ioEWV «ClQ!-LOVlOS", 01tW; w. aVClA-uH a L'.LOvvmoc; ano T~V A),lxaQvaooo o-ro flcQi ovv8iowx; 6vo,IIcirwv -lwi"j JttQIOOOTE\lO, QV EmXElQlioo'UfLE va T.QV «axolmou,llE" TO ),oyo (TlllV lIQLOTaQ

"1,

n,x.

I.LX1i TOU ~IOQrp~, TOTE Sa XClTaAa~OUfLE HI flaOTOQIU Til, ouvOwIlC; XG.l 111 yOll":da nou WIOQOVOE va aox'~oEl 0 01jJl flOC; flOUOLXO; ooqJLUTl.XOC; ),oyoe;. aXOfla;
118

..,.:!

~._~..

-"--'

xapTl, oMa 11 sq,aplloollsvll PllTOPlK~, 11 ~WVTOV~ PllTopsio, siTS So SIlSVS £~W ana TO YSVlKO pC:U\-la TOU anlKlOIlOU, siTS 80 s~oq,avl~o mv. nLi;C;.80 ~wv OUVClTO, oKsqnollooTs, va txouv smTuXlo 01 P~TO psC;, av os IllAouOav TllV Ka811\-lSplV~ yAwooa, TllV KOlV~ nou TllV KOToAa60lvs 0 K08svac;, aMa Tllv AnlK~ olaAsKTo TOU 50u KOl TOU 40u n.X. OlWVO; KOl OIlWC; ..

ouv, \-ls nsploooTSPll ~ AIYOT£Pll OUOlllPOTllTO KOl E:nlTUXla, T1lv anop

XOlWIJ8VIl, aMo OlOOlllJ1l ATTlKrl yAwOOa. Ta~liS8UOVTOe; 08 OAOKAIlPO TOV 8MIlVOpWlJa"iKo KOOIJO, Ol 00¢IOT8e; Tile; 118UT8pae;, onWe; TIlV OVOIJO~OUIJ8, OO¢I01lKrle;, 80lVaV OIlIJ00l8e;, np08TOllJaOlJ8V8e; rl aUTO OX80l8e;, OlaA8~8le; 08 80pTOOTlK8e;, 8PIlOK8UTlK8e;, nOAlTlK8e;, K.O. 8KOIlAW08le;: Ol IJOP¢WIJ8VOI TOUe; 8aulJa~av, OL 0PxOVT8e; TOUe; 8nLOa ljJlA8uav Tl1J8e; KOl OM8e; alJol68e;, TO 1J8YOAO nArl80e; TOUe; un008XO TOV 1J8 8v80UOLaOIJO KOl TOUe; W£U¢IlIJOUo£. nwe; TO KaTO¢8pvav; 'EX8l nptina 0lllJao[a va np008~oUIJ£ OTl TO XPOVla £K8lVa Ol 00¢LOT8e; aOKouoav npWTa KOl novw an' OAa TO «£m081KTlKO», KalJLO ¢opo KOl TO "OU 1J60UA£UTlKO» PllTOPlKO Y8VOe;: anrlVY8Mav Aoyoue; naVllyuplKOue;, napOlV8TlKOUe;, naPIlYOPIlTlKOUe;, £YKWlJla 08 8£Oue; KOl av8pwnoue;, 8UxaplO1rlPLa, KAn., onou 08 OAO aUTO TO n8p18X01J8 VO aUTO Ka8aUTO O£V 8X8l TOOIl 0lllJaOla 001l fI lJa010plKrl PIlTOPlKrl ouv8£OIl KOl napouolaOll TOU AOyOU. Ae; OK8¢TOUIJ8 aKOlJa OTl TO KOIVO, (nav O£V TO anOT£Aouoav Ola VOOUIJ£VOI KOl a~LWIJQTOUXOL, nou OAOl TOUe; KOAaK£uovTOV va nL01£UOUV OTl o£v rlTOV «av£AArlVlOTOL», IJnopouo£, KQT8XOVTae; Tllv K01Vrl, va napaKOAOu88l OKp8e; 1J80£e; Tle; aTTlKlO1LK8e; 0IaA8~8le;, Kal iowe; 0 £v80UOlaOIJ0e; nou 808lXV£ Ka88vae; va rlTOV aVTI01po¢WC; avoAoyoe; npoe; TO 6a81J0 Tile; KaTaVOIlOrle; TOU. To IOlO ¢alvOlJ8vO o£v napaKoAou80uoaIJ8 KL £1J8i<;, OTav npIV ana AiY8e; O£Ka£Ti£e; Ol aKpOQT8e; X£lpOKpoTOuoav navllyupIKOUe;, KaIJlO ¢opo KOl KIlPuYlJaTO, O£ 6aSLo Ka8ap£uouoa rl apxal~ouoa yAwooa; AKOlJa, 08V IJnOpOUIJ8 va anOKA8ioOUIJ8 Til OU vaTOTIlTO Ol 00¢1018e; Tile; ll.8uT8pae; LO¢IOTlKrle; va 8Kavav, 000 IJlAOUOav, Kon0l8e; napaxw PrlO£Le; O1a ouYXpovo TOUe; 8AAllVIKO, oi youpa n£pI000T8p£e; ana Tle; AlY£e; nou

o <1JABQPIN02.: ITH PQMH

JW}£yopEvov Of aurou xara rr,v 'PWJlTIV w:rn:a Ill'

oJrouor;e;mivra, xai yi
aSVvErot ~oal', outJi TOll1:ot<; arp' r,iJovijr; r, a)({}OaOLe; ~I',

a}J.a xaxdl'our; tOElYE rfi rE ~X?7 rou rpOEyJlaTOe; xai r~

OTfltail'ovn rou pJ.ip/laror; xai r(ij ~vOJl{ji rfie; y},WIT'le;,

'':;CfJ.YE Of auroiJr; rou J,oyov xai ro /;;r; Jrii-mv, 8 ixE[VOI

piv 0iJr,v ixft.J-OIJ1I, EytiJ lif rpu-OTt/liav, iJralir, ro[r; aJrOOE

OELypivOLr; irpvpvELrat.

l.:"PIO; '»tl.OO'tQUTO;, BiOI flOp/·rn:wv, 491,9-13 (tzo. c.l.. Kayser). 'Orav Jrw./ /lv.ovaE ar'! Pw!,,!, o}ox)'!Q'! '! JrOA7I avaara rwvorav' ytaTi Jlf fvxagiaT,!(1) rov cixovyav aXaJla )(QL GaOl Of V ~SfQav Tllv E})'!vl.X-q y},uaaa' Tove;; [YO~rEVE ,II[ rov IIXo T1); rpwv-q; XQL lif TO fXqJgaaUy,o f3UJ.lJla xQL J.lf ro QVO,lla T1); yJ.waaa; Tove; fYO~rEVf xw '! xawxJ.dOa Tll( xci Of Oll/Jia;, Jrov fXfil'OI TIll' oVGlwi;al' "(j)o~,,, aJA.6 :;-,:) T1) Ofwgw rrQaaOf1:1] mWfLs1), :oa()w; lCQwm o}.oX),1)QWVfL xavei; u; alCoOrii;w;; rov, xw varEQa r1)v arrayyiJ.J.rt.

'"

~

8VTOni~oulJ£ 0111 ypamrl 1l0P¢rl TWV 01J1AlWV, onwe; Tle; £ixav £KOW081 KOl Ilae; OW8IlKav. To onoUOOlOT£PO aUTol OL PrlTO p8e; £~aKoAou80uoav va npo¢8poUV TO QTTlKO 118 TllV apX1Krl npoo(uoia. TOUe;, OIlAaOrllJ£ Ta lJaKpo Kal Ta 6pa X8a ¢WVrl£VTO KOl TO 1l0UOLKO TOVI--A~l'r;ubt" OIJO TOUe;, KOTl nou, 08 OUVOuaOIJO 118 Ta YVWOTO "YOPY[£la OXrlllaTO» (TO 0IlOlOT8A8UTO, Ta 0IlOloapKTa, Ta lOOKWAa KOl Tle; napIlXrl08le;), 8KaV8 Tle; OIlIAice; TOUe; va aKOUYO VTOl m:plooon:po oav 1l0UOlKOe;-nOlIlTlKOe; napa oav m:~oe; AOyoe;. OL llapTUpi8e; 81vOl noM8e;, KOllloAL01a !;8POUIl£ OTL 1l8p1KO[ TO napa Kavav, TOOO, W018 va OIKOlWVOUV TO xapaKTilP101J0 TOU Otto Weinreich, nou 8u01oxa TOUe; ovolla08 «PrlTOpce; TWV ouvauAlwv» (Konzertredner)I ~ ,

To "~auoIKa" 6E~'l'iVIO Tau AIVOiOU, E6w ~E ~vjoxo Tav 'Epwra. MWOO"KO 0TlJ .... ri~o, 20<; 01. IT.X.

119

H ATTIKllTIKH

ANTlllPAlH

H rAnIIA TnN nATEPnN THI' EKKAHIIAI 0, rpC/(; I
OP~T~

£IK6va 1450

K.£~. (~ov~ BaTon£~iou).

nar{!OIpavir; peraJ,OlO voov J,oyE, ({IigU{!E pvOov, ({IwrOr; aXP01:arOV ({Iwr; ax{!ov, 0;6yovE, [... ] a;wl'Or; mi!}TJPQ., pcya;
Mioa OE iva XEl!IUQQO iIQoaoloQIO/lWV YlO. tOY avaonivw XQw"to, C#i;H va a~!!wiJaOU!lE w «cma!;» tOv rQ~YOQLOV: 1rarQorpa1lrye;, oioyo1los, oV/lrpwis, xaOwc; XOL "to. &avEW anD "t~V aQxala iIOll101l rpE(}U{]Oe; (Ofl~QOV, V,las. i\ [86, B 201, !tAn), uJ/JiOQovoe; (Onmavou. J(vvllyew
0;

tJi

/IETa raUra

rji, .Tuv'lt!ii•.T7/yije; 6Xcroi...

f\xw-tOr;

xai ~\vr;i{)xo, xa! erO(fllor; xai Enol/{!LUI'O;;' oi J.eyO/IEVOl

oe.

pe., iJ pi[ da/v, Ol'r£; jj J.f:o/wO(l/ ally. til' ';(OVTllloo. yl! vawov iii 'T!!Or; Wl; II TJptf;O/IEvW, r!!E[~ xiipal pil~ rl.vOflo 'fi.OurOl {ji... ra{!a~(l.l'Of!Wl xai itvaUdUT{!U1l' Mdr!aa ~

n{loporov yVW;, xa! KaUTI!l>!ia ~ l.'arol!vivov, ;/ai Eir/pa "ia, rl.1J1f!/pw'lj. Tir;' ril. /ji J.Oi,TiI. ail/oilltal xai Jiyt:Lv.

llu).Au/iLO" Au(i.oyo, iurOI!IXO, iff!!i roii {liov rol} paxapiov 1WII.l'VOV, O'T. 80·98 (f;.:b. A.• M. Malingre)').

xai lroi.tuia;

Na nO/Ol ryra1l Ol 0XEro( rile; JWVI19ry; j(;17y~e;: 0 AxaxLO; Y.fll /ll'rioxo; :lOl 0 eEoq;tJ.O s i
°

°

To anoonoopa, anD 'to f.Q'IO TaU naAAaolou, EmOI.OltOU EACV01tOAEW~ (ncQ. 36-J-43l), uvarpEQEwl onlY xmo 'tou XQvoomopov oxeuwQLo ro ~1:oc; 404 !1.X.l:lvUL xaQaxrI1QL Ol:I.'Y.o OEly~ta 8EO)'0'lLl(liC; rro),qu"(liC;, !J.E "tov axll1tauO~O VilUV n:Of.U ~XrpQ()'Ol:LXO)V rrQooOloQlonxwv AE Huv, nov O€V umiQXovv 010 ),£1;lXO: 6vogon},ovra4 rogot;d"OQL04 (;1'oodor[!W4 6..uCP1flavrye;

20

nOAAOi ypa~~OToA6YOI 8£wpouv on 01 ~£yoAOl'EAAIlV£e; nOTtp£e; TOU 40u KQl TOU 50u at. aV~KOUV aTllv.n£pIOX~ Tile; KAaOlK~e; ypappan~·ae;. npaYPQTI 11 yAwaoa TWV' TIoJn:P!KWV 1-.£IIlEVuJIi OE.Ii ola
plOe; 0 NO~IOV~T]VOe;, O£ IJIO £mOTOA~ TOU OTOV £SVI KO qJIAOOOqJO KOI P~TOPO LTOy£iplo 0IJOAoY£l: «'ATT1KOe; OU T~V nOiOWOlv; OTTIKOl Kol ~1J£je;» (I) 01 nQTSp£e; £[XOV £niOT]e; va oVTlIJOWnlOouv TOUe; Qlp£ TIKOUe;, nou 0lJqJI06T]TOUOOV TT]V OMS£IO TOU opSOU OOYIJQTOe;. H £MT]VIK~ qJtAOOoqJ[o KOI T] PT]TOPlK~ nop£lXOV IOXUPO onAO OTOV oyWVO TT]e; onOAOYllTl K~e; KOI TT]e; OOYIJOTlK~e; S£OAOylOe;. H oPYOVWIJSVT] qJIAOOOqJ1K~ opoAoyio KOl T] OIOA£KTlK~, Kupiwe; T] nAQTWVIK~ KOI T] V£OnAQTWVIK~, £lVOI YIO TOUe; nQTS p£e; T] OTSP£T] 600T] OTIe; OOYIJQTIKSe; OU~T]T~O£Ie; 'ETOl SVO IJ£YOAO nMSoe; qJIAOOOqJIKWV opWV, KUp[We; npOOOIOplOTIKWV TWV IOIOT~TWV TT]e; 8£OTT]TOe;, UIO 80£lTOI ana TOUe; nQTSp£e; KOl IJSOW OUTWV £IOSPX£ TOI OTil yAWOOO TWV XPlOTlOVIKWV K£IIJSVWV. 'OIJWe; Il OTOS£p~ 600T] Tile; nQT£plK~e; OIOOOKO Aioe; £lVQl TO 616AlKO K£lIJ£VO, TOOO Tile; nOt-wa<; 000 KOl Tile; Kwvfj<; ,1lQBr)KI')<;. AUTO 0llIJO[V£1 OTl Il YAWO 00 TOUe; £nllP£O~OOI OUOlOOTIKO ana Til yAWOOO TT]e; B[6AOU. nOpOAA~AWe;, T] OVOYKT] TOU KT]pUYIJOTOe; Kal TT]e; KOT~XIlOT]e;, TOUe; OOT]Y£[ nOMSe;
EIKovoypa'l'~~tvo

~Iav~~vou, 120~

X£lpoypa'l'O TWV 'D/JlAlwv TaU rp~yopiou Na ai, (tal. 5r) (~ov~ Ayia~ AIKaT£piv~<; TaU Ilvll).

8EOXAPHL~ETOPAKHI

121

EILA,O,H

BYZANTIO U~elVTIO

OVOllel~OUIlE (elKPlTO 6s6olWe; KQl OVIOTOPIlTO) Tllv SKXPlmlOVIOIlEVIl OVOTOAlK~ pWllo'iK~ OUTOKpO Topio, Ils OIOIKIlTlKO KQl nOAITIOTlKO KEVTpO Tllv KWVOTOVTlVOUnOAIl, nou S~OUO[OOS KOTel KQlpOUe;, ana TO 330 we; TO 1453, OTlIlOVTlKO SOel
128

VlmiK~ KOIV~ nou ouv8Xi~8l va pen8l npoe; TT]V anAoum8UOT] KQl TllV

0IlOIOllopep[a, KQl nou onOOExnQl KQl OepOllOiWV81 TOXUTOTO TO A8~i AOylKO 06v8Ia. Ana TT]V OMT] opSwvnal naY8p~ KQl oplmOKpQTIK~ T] 60K11l0e; KQl Aoy[a, T] ATTlKlmIK~ OIlAOO~, TT]V onolo unOmT]p[~81 OXOAIK~ apxo'[~ouoa napoooOT\' M8 TOV KQlPO 1l0Alma TO xoolla Ol8UpUVnQl 118 anOTEAwllo Hl 0IlIlIOUPY[O Illae; WLOT\IlIle; OIYAwooiae; (OpSOT8PO lowe;: OIIlOpepioe;). KQl T] (qOtWTlK~ KOIV~" 118 Tle; nOlKiA8e; TomKEe; nopoAAOYEe; KQl T] ATTlKLmIK~ AOY[O 118 Tle; nOAuno1KIA8e; OIOV S[081e; KQl TO OioepopnlKO Wln800 OT]1l10UPYOUV lli0 YAWOOlK~ BaBEA, OUT~ wm8 Il 1l8AETIl Tlle; BU~OVTlv~e; yAwoooe; vo onoSoppUV8l OKO Illl KQl TOUe; XOAKEVT8pOUe; 8P8UVT]Tte;. Oi BU~OVTlVO[ Aomov OiOVOOUIl8VOI un8pooni~oVTOV TO 06YIlQTO

11

W

,

TaU xplmLOVlOIlOU, OAM mil yAWOOO TWV ATTiKWV PIlTOPWV KQl TaU ~~ nAOTWVO, a oru\oe; AOOe;, IO[We; Tile; uno[Spou KQl TWV wapX iWV , ,.0,.' '\~:\'!~~'

,

0 p,; ~

~1I '.:j

8K¢pO~nQl mllv KOSOlliAOUIl£VIl KOiV~ nou 8~8A[008- ..If? ~. - :t...,"*, ,.~~

TQl 1l0KPl0 ana K088 OXOAlK~ 8mppo~, 'ETOl 08V 8lVQl OIOAOU .' : " ~, ~~\~ ""'~_. ~~~ ~

nopO~8VO TO OTl 0 KUPlO<; OYKO<; TWV 6u~avTlvwv K8 11l£VWV':'f. ';'_'''~ "..." ,r.:; .,~. '"t)J

oVTiSno

nou OW81lKOV OV~K81 mil MYIO nopaoooll, 8VW TO 08lYIl0 TO TIl<; K080IlIAOUIl£VIl<;. 1010[T8pO TWV np(lnwv QlWVWV, 8lVQl AIYOOTO H n8vlxpoTIlTO TWV nllYwv oUOX 8paiv81. onw<; 8lVQl ¢UOlKO, TT] 1l8AETT] TT]<; 8~£Al~~<; TIl<;. 01 MYt Oi 01l1l8iWVOUV 1l0VO nop8v88TIKW<; Tllv unop~1l ou~<; TIl<; "O'lIlOTlK~<; A8r(T[K~<;" (KOTO TOV "llo'l'oTopa TWV PIlTOPWV» 18WPYlO Topv[KT], 120<; Ol) ~ TIl<; "AiT~<;" yAWOOO<; (0 opo<; onovTo mo B[o TOU Ayiou nETpOU TIl<; 'ATpwo<;, TOV ono[o OUV£YPOljJ8 0 1l08IlT~<; TaU 1l0vaXO<; 2:060<;,90<; Ol).

'*'

e:

~'. " ~ ffi.~ 11 'V ~'\~,,

~~~.~' ~~b~\'~~1II.

H 8~8~IlTIlIJEVIl AOY[O, nou 8lVQI KUp[W<; Il YPOnT~. KQl

11

~WVTOV~ KQl nllYo[o K0801J1AOull£VIl ouvunopxouv mo

Bu~oVTlo ayvowvTO<; OX806v Il ilia Tllv unop~1l TIl<; OAAT]<;. To ¢QlVOIl8VO aUTO O¢8lA8TQl m80VOTOTO OTIlV EMWjJll OUOlOOTI K~<; wa¢~<; TWV AoiKWV OTPWIlOTWV (KUp[W<; TWV nAIl8uOllWV TIl<; uno[8pou KQl TWV OnOIlOKPWV OUVOplOKWV n8pIOXWV: KonnOOOKio, nOVTO<;, OAAO Kat vono ITOAIO) 118 TO KEVTpO TWV onO¢008WV, onou . pim;OVTQI OUyl
A[18<;. Oi Olio aUToi 8W1l0[ onon:AOUV TOV ouvonLKO Kp[KO OVOIlWO OTOV onAO AOO, onou Ki OV BpioK8TOl aUTO<;, KQl mllv oPXOUOO TO~T], OIlAOO~ Til OX8TlKO OAiYOPlSlJ1l 011000 nou oi08£T8i nAOUTO, YVWOT\

KOl 8mppo~ mo KOiVO. E[vOt onOKOAUnTiKO OTl TO K8l1l8VO nou npo epXOVTQl ana TOU<; 8£ponovT8<; TWV cuo OUTWV OKPOYWViO[WV 8WIlWV nopo Tl<; OyKUAWO£I<; TOU<; T8lVOUV O£ ilia YAWOOlK~ 1l0P¢~ npoOlT~ OTO £UpUT£pO KOlVWV1KO mpWIlQTo. 'ETOl TO OYLOAOYIKO KOI TO OYIOYPO¢IKO K8lIl£VO (Biol oy[wv. opnoAoY[8<;, oAM KQI OKOAOU 8[8<; TOnlKWV oyiwv) YPO¢OVTOI 08 onA~ IJOP¢~, 8YYlJTQTIl 11£ Tllv TomK~ AOAIO. AVTl8ETW<;, OA£<; OX800V 01 B08umoxom£<; 880AOYIK£<;

IItKToTUnia ana xpua6 ~tvTOYl6v (oTTioera 6",~) TOU 10uoTlvra YOU, TTOU KOn~"t aT~V KwvaTovTlvouno,l,~ 010

527

~£

538

"01

roo~uvo~OUOt ~t 36 ao,l,~iouC; -TO "~olllloPIO" T~C; tTTOX~C;! tmypa'i'~ £ivor StSalO Ola IIOTIVIKO:

H Salus et gloria Ramanorum

(TwTrypia Kal 50~a TWV PWjJaiwv). Mt aUYKt"O~~tvtc; At~tle; (CON OS) ~ryllwvovrOl a Tonoe; Kon~c; (vo~lo~moKoTldov Kwv araVTIVOUITO~£w<;) Kat ~ YV~alOTryTO TOU ptroUou' (c5S(pu~ov):

Ka8apo<; XPUOO<;). Emypa'i'tc; aTO £,l,lIryvIKli t~'l'aVi~OVTOI a£ xlillKlva vopiapoTo wi HpOKII£iou, at opyupiJ enl KwvaTovTivou E' (741-775), KOJ at xpuoa ~6,l,1C; mi MOVTOe; (;' TOU (775-780) (lIov~ivo, SptTaVIKo Mouatio)

129

Xo~lipou

npaY~OTd8e;, Ol ana cl~6wvoe; 0~IA[8e; TWV 18papxwv, 01 AOYOI nou

8KepWVOUV 08 aUAlKte; T8A8Tte; ~ OTO G80epclV81a ul088TOUV ~lav l:8 OAIl clAAWOT8 Til 6u~avTlv~ n8piooo aK~0~81 11 O~iAIlTIK~ KOl 8PIlOK8UTlK~ AOyoT8Xv[a, nou OUVTclOO8TQl epUOlKcl nclVTOT8 08 apxa[~ouoa yAwooa. apxa[~ouoa YAWOOlK~ ~opep~.

YAII(a ypa00£1<; T"IV Iuva~wv ~£V dVQlllapa Tall£lva lJ)(olo.,a 0' aUTo TO B18Aio. a i~ro<; a I~aou<; we; nOl~iov vtov, w<; KPIT~<; Kal w<; flaVToKpoTWp naplaTOV£Tal OUXvo ~£ tvav KuIo.IY~pO ~ ~£ tva KW~IKa OTO ~£~i xtpl. 0 ~£ya~£vo<; K£vo<; epavo<; (q "£Tol~aoia" TOU epavou y,a TqV t~£U(l~ TaU Kupiou) naplOTov£TOI £nio~<; ~£ tva Euayyt~1O OT~ etoq TaU Ava~£va~£· vou. To I£PO 616i.io anoT£i.ouv aTOV 6u~aYn· va Kaa~O aYTIK£I~£va i.arp£ia<; (A6~va, Mov~ tIa<1>vlou).

KOl 11 YAwooa Tile; olOiKIlOIle; TOU Kp6Toue; npooap~o~nOl OTIe; n8pIOTcl081e;. l:8 anAouOT8u~tVIl YAWOOlK~ ~opep~ OUVTclOOOVTOl TO epOPOAOYlKcl 8YX81piola, 01 KTfI~aTlKoi «n8ploplO~oi" KOl TO KTrI~OTO AOYlKcl «npaKTlKcl" (n8plypaepte; KOl KOTaypaepte; Tile; tYY81ae; IOIOKTIl oiae;) , Ol axoAlaa~.lOi Tile; K81~tVIle; vo~08c;aiae;, onwe; 11 nUpa TOU EUOT08iou TOU Pw~aiou (11 oe; al.) KOl 0 TmouK81TOe; (Ti TroD KE:1Tal) TOU M. KPITOU TOU nOT~~, TO vOTOplaKo tyvpaepa, aKO~1l KOl Ol c:niOfl ~Ol aUToKpOTOpIKO[ Oplo~oi, TWV XPU0060UAAWV ~Il 81;Olpou~tvwv. o OlolKllnKoe; ouvc:nwe; ~llxaVlO~Oe; ul08nc:l Til ~tOfl YAWOOlK~ 066, ~OAovon 01 A81TOUPYO[ TaU npotpxoVTOI ana TIlV 18uvouoa To1;11 KQl c:lVOl KaTo Kavova anoepOITOI TaU nav8mOTIl~[ou Tile; BaOlA8Uouoae;. Ilptn81 va TOVlOTc:l on 11 NO~IK~ l:xoM TaU nav8mOTIl~iou auTOu, loiwe; ~8T0 Til ~nappu8~10fl TOU KWVOWVTivou G' Movo~oxou (1042

1055) c;lVOl TO KmS~OX~v ¢UTCiJplO Tlle; 6u~avTlV~e; ypa¢sloKpmlae;. TllV napaOOOll aUT~ svs8appuvs 0 KWVOTaVTlVOe; Z' 0 nop<)lupOy£VVll TOe; (905-959), 0 olavoou~SVoe; aUTOKpaTOpae;, nou OUV~el~S va OUVS OTla~STal ~S TOUe; ¢OITllT£e; TOU navsmoTll~[oU, Kal nou npoona811oS va KwolKonol~osl 0 lOIOe; TOUe; KavoVSe; Tile; OlOlKIlTlK~e; opyavwOlle; as ~op<)l~ anA~ KOl npoOlT~. H OlolKlloll, AOlnOV, KpaTlK~ Kal SKKAIlOlaOTlK~, £XSI £va ~£All~a: va sival KmavollT~. AUToe; c;lVOl 0 Aoyoe; nou smKaAc;lTOl Kal 0 f\£wv I' o 'Ioaupoe; (717-741) Yla Tllv ava8swPll0ll Tile; VO~OeWlae; nou c;lVOl we; 'EKAoyr, NOl1wv. 'ETOl, AOlnOV, npoKumsl £va slOOe; yAwOOl K~e; £K¢paOlle; nou 8a ~nopouos va xapaKTIlPIOTsl slTS we; anAOUOTSU ~£vll Aoyia siTS we; KaA1I.lspYIl~£vIl1l.aiK~. npOKSlTOl ouvsnwe; Km' OUOlOV Yla ~IKT~. Ta avnnpoOWnSUTlKOTSpa oc;ly~ma OUT~e; Tile; ~IKT~e; SlVOl To TOKTlKO TOU MovTa H' TOU LO<)lOU (886-912), nou ansu8uvovTai as OTpaTlWTlKOUe;, KOl Ta ouyyp6~~aTa TOU KWVOTOVTlVOU Z' TOU nop<)lu poy£vvllTOU, "EKBwlC; njc; BoO/Adou rat,£wc;, npoC; rov i'oLOv ui6v PWI10VDV (TO yVWOTO we; De administrando imperio ), TO n£pi G£l1orwv, Ko8we; KOl Ol OIl~llyoplse; TOU npoe; TO OTpmo Tlle; AvaToA~e;. YVWOT~

VALKO

ypa
2: To ouvcpya

Tq~ ypa'llIK~"

o Euayvc.lIOT~~ "OUKO~ ~c 6.10 TO ouvcpya TTJ~ ypa'llIK~"

O.Ioot 56, 'l'. , 54' (Ae~va, E8vIK~ BI6.1,08rjKq, ~toa 100u 01.). 0 Euayyc.l'OTrj~ 6uei~cl TOV ypa'll'KO TOU KQ,\a~o oc tva ~IKPO ~c.lavol\ox£io (KaviK.lcIOV), nou 6pioKCTOI novw OTO xo~q.16 ypa'llcio, yta va Vpt'l
131.

To Kd~8VO nOAl nou npoSPXOVTQl am) l51CIJ18e; (AX 01 5108~K8e;) BsBOlO TO 8nln850 ~Op¢WOIle; TWV OUVTOKTWV TOUe; ~ SOTW TIlV 1Unonolll~svll SK¢pOOIl TOU VOTOPlOU, nou 8nIlP80~8TGl onwoo~noT8 ana Til YAWOOlK~ npay~aTlKOTIlTO TIle; 8nOX~e;, aAM KOI TOU TOnou. NO~l~W 6Tl ~nOpOlJ~8 va ~IM~8 Yla TIlV unop~1l ~10e; Bu~avTlv~e; KOIV~e;, nou 8lval KOTO BOOIl ~IKT~ H yAwooa OUT~ npo oap~O~8TOl BsBalO OTllv naYIW~SVIl ypa¢810KpOTlK~ £K¢poOll Kat 8mnASOV aVTOvaKM TO ~op¢WTlK6 8nln8oo TOU oUVTOKTrl Tile;, aMO ¢pOVT[~81 va ~IlV ono~8vwv8101 an6 TOV anAo noA[TIl. AUT~ 11 ~IKT~ KOlv~ 5101KIlTlK~ yAwooa SX81 BsBGla TIe; p[~8e; Tile; OTIl ypa¢810Kpa Tia Tile; mOA8~oiK~e; Alyumou, aAM ava~¢loB~TIlTa anOT8A8L sva CJ11~OVTIK6 t:n[T8uy~a Tile; Bu~aVTIV~e; 51OiKIlCJ11e; KOI n8pI~£V81 aKo~1l TOV ¢IAonovo ~8A81IlT~ Tile; i'IlYOOTO dVOl 5UOTUXWe; Ta Kd~8va nou ~ae; 8nITpSnOUV va axll OVTlKOTOmpi~ouv

YAtKCs ypallll;c; 3:

EIKovOypo",~~tvo X£lp6yp0
To ilia "'~~IO~tVO £IKOVOYPO
..

~:,

.. "

..

\"';

yO",.

I" ,,'~.1_ '1 '."

.~......

"

.... "

I

1

rl

~·

__ tPO"',~\-lIr'''''

J.,- ...•

~,

I·.~t

"/'",,

.....

I'""·..... ·

~"""~

~F, ....

:".t1,·..

".....

_}~ .=, ,_: ~. :~:.;~ I ::~'~l~:;i~ :::',: I

_ ~<.f'CJ;.t ,.

¢o, KEp51~EIIl ~UelmOPIl~OTlK~ (Kupiwe; £pw AOYOT8XVLO MOAOVOTl TO 8L50e; aUTo SXf:l KOTO¢OVWe; f:nIlPWOTf:[ ono Tllv 0~088~11 OUTlK~ napoywy~ (TO S~~81PO mnoTIKo ~USI oTOp~~OTa), 01 pi~8e; TOU OVOTPSXOUV Gi,:'! 8AAIlVIOTIK~ Kat. P0IfJQiK~ moxi] H yt,WGiJ,j si'!'J.I ~IKT~ nOlIlTlK~ pf: AOyI8e; K01Q60ASe;, oAM KOI ~8 laxUP~ WIOpOOIlTIle; KaeO~IAOU~£vlle;· To ~8YOAUTf:PO Bapoe; Tile; Bu~av1tv~e; AoyoT8xvLae; OV~Kf:l OTIl AOylO nopooooll. 01 ouyypo¢8le; Ylo vo np008YyLOOUV aUTO TO SoM IO£W08e; TOU «al1IKL~8lV" 08V apKOuvTOI OTIlV ovoyvwGIl TWV ~f:YOAWV npoTunwv, aMo KOTO¢8UYOUV KOI OlO BOlle~~o TO nou ouvbo~ov 01 OUOTIlPoi 0111KI OlSe;: A8~IKO, 8yKuKAonaLo8l8e;, av80 MYlo, WKUTOK10' To KAaOlKo nV8UI-!0 6£BOIa onwS8i TOUe; Bu~avTlvOUe; ola VOOU~8VOUe;, TOUe; 8AKU81 WOlOOO TO (Vf:KpO) ypa~~a Tlle; KAOOlKr')c;' KAIlPO TlK~)

. oj)'

••. :1.

~OTlOOU~8 Ka8ap~ 81Kova Tile; anA~e; K080~IAOU~SVIle;, TIle; «AI111e;" 01 nllyse; ~ae; dVOl anoanoo~OTo oloMywv Kal OTlXO~U8IWV, 8K¢PO 081e; OT8p86Tun8e;, onwe; 01 aVTlOp0081e; lOU nf,.~80ue; OTOV tnnoopo ~o, napoI~l8e; KOI ano¢8sy~aTO, 8mypa¢se; (01 npwT060uAyaplKse; IOTOpIKSe; 8mypa¢se; Tile; m,iOKOe;), OV81POKPITlKO, YIOTPOOO¢IO, KaTM80~OI, 8UxSe;, 6pIOlSe;, Kal Bs6ala Ta nOAunAlle~ XpOVIKO. L' aUTO npsn81 va npOOT880uv TO LTPOTIlY1KO, Ol Nou880L8e; (AX NouBwia (tpovroc; nEpi 'Ayiwv EiKOVWV, Soe; 01.), Ta LTOOIOOPO~IKO KOI 01 nopToA6vol. H Kupla, WOTOOO, nllY~ ~ae; YIQ Til yAwooa TOU anAOU Aaou dvOl Il oq~wolle; nOIIlOIl, nou n8plAa~6oV81 TO nTWXO np05pO~IKO, Ta nOLyvlo (YOTo~aX[8e;), TOV aKplTIKO KUKAO ~8 TOUe; 8p~voue; Yla Tle; XO~SV8e; nOTp[08e; KalTa OW¢POVIOTIKO 8aVOTIKO TIlV t:nOX~ TWV KO~VIlVWV ~8YOAIl OIMoCJTl, nou ¢OiV81Ol ana Ta nOAunA1l8~ X81pOypO

'0< pd~m~

m';-

VOIlIOe;. 'ETaI aTll eu~avTlv~ AOYIOOUVll O¢slAOUIlf: KmO KUplO AOYO Til OIOOWOllTlle; KAaOlK~e; Aoyon:xviae;. napo TllV KalOKpauy~ TOU epava TlKOU KA~POU £vavTiov TOU apxaiou KOOIlOU, Ta aVTlypaeplKO £pya cmjpla TWV 1l0VaOTllPIWV nAOUTI~aV 11£ TOUe; 811oaupOUe; Tile; 8upa8£v nOlo£lae; Tie; eleA108~K£e; TOU I£POU naAaTlou, TOU nmplapxslou, TWV l£papxwv KOI noMwv OAAWV AOylWV. To aVTlnpoOWn£UTlKOT£PO oslYlla Tile; apxa'l~ouoae; AOYOT£XV1 £lVOl II £nlaTOAoypa
K~e; napaywy~e;

£K~~TllOll KOI Tllv £PllllTiKOTIlTO TOU £lVOl II mo a~IOmaTll mlY~ Yla Tll OlaKlvllOllTWV lO£WV aTO Bu~6vTI0. H £nIIlOV~ aTll Illll110ll TWV KAaOl KWV npOTunwv o£v 0IlAWV£1 novTOT£ £AA£ll\Jll npWTownlle; OK£l\Jlle;, aMo anOT£A£( aTOlXslO KoB£ AvaY£VVllOlle; Ta aVBpWmaTlKO KlV~llma aTO Bu~oVTlO xapaKTllPl~OVTOl novTO

T£ ana Til aTpo,.•• ,:,nl\"""· YAWOOlKO apxaiOIlO KQl Il£TO TllV KmoAlll\Jll Tile; KwvaTavTlVOUnoAlle; ana TOUe; !\m[voue; (1204), II Myla AOYOT£XVIK~ napaywy~ ou V£X[~£1Ql aTllv n£pt
VAlKO YPO(jlije; 4: XapT~C;. XapTwoc; Kw61Kac; (n£pinou 1338), nou n£pltX£1 TO tpya TOU InnOKpaT~. IT~ ~IKpoypalj>ia (lj>. 110') £IKovi~£.TOI 0 ~tyac; Ll.ou mc; AAt~loC; AnoKauKoc;, 0 napoyy£Afo66T~C; TOU tpyou. 0 nanu poc; wC; ypOlj>IK~ uAI) unoxwp~o£ OT~V n£pya~l)v~ Kaf aUT~ ~c ~ o£lpa T~C: OTO xapTI, nou ~Tav BtBOIa A'YOT£PO aV8£KTIKO, aAA6 navrwc: mo lj>8l)vo ("I) mpya~l)v~ TWV lj>TWXWV»). Elj>£uptr£c; TOU xapTiou ~Tav 01 Klvt~of. 01 ApaB£c; t~a8av TO ~UOTIKO T!)C: KaTaOKCu~c: TOU ana afx~aAwTOUC; noAt~ou OT!) Ia~apKav6!). 0, Bu~aVTlvoi XP!)OI~OnOlouoav TO "avaroAIKO XaPT;» (60~eUKlVO) nou clo~yayav ana TIC; 10Aa~'Ktc; xwpCC;. To eu~aVTlva XpovoAOyouvTO' ana TIC: apxtc: TOU 120u af. 'Eva o~WC; TouAilXlOTOV 6iyAwaao Xc,poypalj>o (£H~voapael.o way· y£AlaTaplo), 0 Sinaiticus gr 116 XpovoAoy£iTal OTa 995/6. Ana TO ~taa TOU 130U Of. OTO Bu~i1V£IO, Xpw~O KlTplVW no KOI lj>uAAo naxu, oHa £u.o~mo (nopim, E8vIKrj BleAI08~KI1).

~,~·:.~·:·~;~~r ~~ ~~f+~~

h .. ;.?!o· .. ..,MJ~"J' .:,((."'?;';:f\fr..,j'
~~."~~~~~_. '[@I~

..,....' ~

.~ 'li'~r /.'~

..

,I, ¥·.I

..·.,·',..'·.·1"

Kat aKollll 0 NIKll¢OpOe; BA£IlIlUOlle; (1197 1272) KQl 0 I£WpYIOe; Kunploe; 0 Il£T£n£ITa uno TO ovolla IPllYOploe; B' nmptOPXlle; KwvaTavTlVOUnOA£We; (1283-1289). H naAQlOAoy£la Avay£vvllOll slVQl TO KUKV£IO oOlla TOU eu~ovTlvou nv£ullmOe; 01 8PllOK£UTlK£e; £pIO£e; (HouxaoIlOe;, TO np06Allil0 Tile; £VWOlle; 11£ TOUe; L'>UTlKOUe;), oMo Kal 0 £~ avmoAwv Kivouvoe; avo~wnu pwvouv Tllv nv£ullmIK~ KiVllOll KQl £v8ap Pljvouv Tllv riOPOYlUY~ i"PYluV nou nAOlrrl ~ouv nAllv £AoXiaTWV £~QlP£O£WV (10 £pya Kmo TWV oMooo~wv) Tllv un£papxo'i~ouoa napooooll· EivQl II £nox~ onou TO nv£ullaTI KO npwT£ia OI£KOtK£i ana Til BaOlA£uouoa 11 0£OoaAovlKll 11£ TOV A8w. OOTOOO, 01 ola VOOUIl£VOl Tile; £nox~e;, KOOlllKoi, onwe; 0 0£oowpoe; M£TOX(Tlle;, I£PWIl£VOl, aMo KQl aUTOKpOTOp£e;, OfTWe; 0 IWOVVlle; KavlOKou ~IlVOe; KQl 0 Mavou~A B' naAOloMyoe; (1391-1425), 6PlOKOVTQl £yKAW6LOI1£VOl O£ Eva fTay£po YAWOOIKO apxaiollo nou aOIKsl TllV npWTOTunia Tile; oKEl\Jlle; TOUe;. H KOI~ nou KAllPoOOn'jBllK£ aTO BU~o VTIO ~Tav Illa yAwooa nou napouoia~£ laxUP~

'··V\

\~

U·I"'~ :;. '~1:l_ :r~

.~ -~

·1· .....

1·~ ..\I(i\

_'O"'!'

, ••• :"

""j

,','.';,<.

~O

;.;,,,

, . ' , ,./

•

~!" ,./:'. (.' t.,

_" ~I

~r;;:~::: ~':: ~;:.:)~~;

• - - .... ,1> "I. ~ ..' . .-t..,

133

/.~

...

':y

,·,f

': .• ,t,:•

"

.. ' .-".

pon~ npOe; H1V an1louOn:UGIl KOI TIlV 0~01l0noillO'l. 80 ~nopOU08 GUVEnWe; va anoT8118081 nopo1l1lll1l0 ~8 Til 8PllOKEla 8vav aKo~Il OUV8KTIKO nopayovTO OVO~80a OTOUe; 1Iaoue; Tile; OUTOKpOTopiae;. 'O~we; Il 88v1K~ KOI KOIVWVIK~ no1lulJop¢io TOU BU~OVTiou nop8~n6l51 08 Til OUyKpOTIlOll IJIOe; 8VIOioe; 8K¢paOlle;· LTIl lJolpoia aUT~ 8E;8111E;Il ouv86a1l8 TO ~8YIOTO KOI 0 apxalo~oe; Tile; nV£U~OTIK~e; 0PXIlY80ioe;, nou n8pl¢POVOU08 Til YAwooa TOU an1l0u 1Iaou Kat Til 8£WpOU08 KOTOA1lll1lll y'O OVTO nVSUIJ0TtKWe; KOTWT8pO. EV081KTtKO Tile; VOOTpO nioe; OUT~e; 8iVat TO Y8yovoe; OTt 01 SntOT01l8e; TOU IWOVVIl AnoKouKoU (1150/60-1232/5) nou onsu8 UVOVTat 08 yuvoiK£e;, ElVat ypOIJ~8V£e;, 08 OVTi8£0'l IJ£ TO OMO 8pyo TOU OUYYPO¢80, 08 y1lwooo on1l0uOTOTIl. To 1J0lpaio n1l~Y1J0 WOTOOO Il KOlV~ TO o8X8flK£ ana Tfl ¢paYKlK~ KOTQKTflOll. M8 Tflv ano~8VWO'l TWV KOTaKTflIJ8VWV n8plOXWV ana Tfl ~flTpan01lll, Il CJ)(£TtKWe; 0IJ010IJOP¢Il KOlV~ OPXlO£ va olaqJoponOl£tTOl O£ o101l8KTOUe; KOI lOlwlJaTO. M£ TIlv 8E;oip£0'l Tfle; ToaKwvlK~e;, nou npOEPX£TOl ana Til N801IaKwvIK~ OIO,l.£KTO Tile; Apxaiae; E,l.1IIlvIK~e;, o,l.8e; 01 OM8e; v808,1.,l.IlvIKEe; OIO,l.8KTOI npoEPxoVTOI aKpl6we; ana Tflv KOlv~.

-',,{

VALKO VP(Jlp~~ 5: 0 nap
'Eva
T~e; ".','iae; nCTpauTTa;'~e; (Codex "'), TTau 'l'aivcTOI OTi 'l'1.l.aTC)('I~

8~KC n~ae; ra Tt.l.ae; Tau 6au 0'. To Kci~cva (~ Karvry llra8ryKry)

vpa
aUVTa~avpa'l'ice; (nomina sacra) ~c xpuaa. ¢uHa afTo Tav KW~I

Ka nau we; TO 1896 BplaKoTav ac ~Ia ~cva.l.~ CU~VIK~ Kw~oTTa.l.~

T~e; KaTTrTa~aKlae;, TO !ap~auaaK.l.i, BpiaKavTal ~laaKapTTla~tva

ac aKTw TOu.l.aXIOTav TTO;'CIe; (Ae~va, Bu~aVTlvo Mauacia).

-:::::;~~~

.", ...

,

.. ...; ..

...,.~., .~ .. ,

~., .,

!c.l.i~a aTTo Tav KW~IKa TTau ~Iaaw~cl Tav JI£~rrpr"vry Tau ,",aUKla

vau (Harleianus 5694, London, British Library). ':0 Kci~cva ac

~IKpavpa~~aT~ vpa'l'~ K(]I TO axo.l.1o aTa ncpl8wplo a£ ~IKpoaKo,

TT1K~ ~£va.l.ovpa~~oT~. OnpwTOe; KaTaxae; TOU XClpovpo
a miaKaTTae; K(Jlaapcla~ Apt8ae; (850·944), a anaiae; mt~£I~£,

OTTWe; Kal aHal u
Ana T~V TT.l.auOloTaT~ TTpaaWTTlK~ Tau BIB;'la8~K~, T~V

aTTo;a a mioKaTToe; cixc aUVKpaT~a£1 ~aTTavWVTac; a~~aVTIKa no

aa, ~loow~avTOI aKTW n£Pvo~~vai KwIIIKce;. !c aplo~tva ono TO

XClpovpo
(OTTWe; c~w), IIlaq>wTlOTIKtC;, cv8aualOOTIKte; ~ apVi.l.£, (,",ovlllva,

BPCTOVIK~ BI6;'108~K'l).

134

.. :.. '"

I'

.,

:

.... ::.......

~~.I.a aT~ ~la
va~lae;.

~

...... ,-,-,::

.

rTO tjJ~CPI~WTa naplaTaVeTOI 0 avaKOIVlaT~<; TOU Noot! (~OV~ T~<; Xwpa<;) ElEa~WPO<; METOXiT~<; (1260-1332) va npoacptpEI o~oiw ~o TOU OIKO~O~~~aTo<; aTOV naVToKpaTopa. 0 0ea~wpo<; ~Tav av6pwno<; T~<; ~pao~<; (~tva, i\OV06tT~<;. Kat MEaa~wv eni Av~poviKOU B' TOU nallalollavou), ollila Ka, ~,anpen~, lIoVla" £VKUKllonal~laT~<; Ka, ela~V~T~<; £va<; vtou Ei~ou<; TT£16apxq"t· vq<; 6,611IaK~<; vpacp~<;. 0 'HeIKOC; TOU eivOi ~Ia lIa~TTp~ npav~a T£ia Via T~V a~ia T~<; TTal~eia, Kal T~ 8ta~ TWV lIoylwv aT~v KOlvwvia. T~v TTlloualOTaT~ 6161110e~K~ TOU KllqpoMTqae
EI\ENH fl\YKATZH - ;\PBEJ\EP

135

KA80MIAOYMENH

KAI

rPAillOMENEl:

H 41AMAXH EMHNIKHI KAI AATINIKHI :!:TOU~ ~£TaytvtaT£pOUe;

0 10uaTlvlaVOe; tylv£ £UpUT£pa yvw arOe; ~£ TO VO~OS£TIKO TOU tpyo, TO Corpus iuris civilis. To T£pa arlo tpyo T~e; auve£O~e; £v6e; Kw61Ka ~£ oAoue; TOUe; aUTOKparo pIKOUe; v6~oue; (Codex lustinianus), KaSWe; Kal TO tpyo T~e; ava e£wp~a~e; TWV naAClWV VO~'KWV auyypa~~aTWV (Pandectae ~ Digestae) OVOTtS~K£ O£ £lTIrpon~ vo~o~aSwv ~£ wi K£4'aA~e; TOV Tpr6wvlav6. :!:T~ ouvtX£la TO Corpus au~nA~pweqK£ ~£ Tie; ElOqy~a£J<; (lnstitutiones), VO~IKO £YX£lpi610 npoopr~6~£vo v,a TOUe; anou/jaaTte;, KCI Tie; Novel/ae (Nwpal), Ta aUToKparoplKo 6laroY~aTa 6~Aa/j~ nou KUK"0'l'6p~aav ~£TO T~V tK60o~ TWV TPIWV npo~you~tvwv tpywv. Ana TO tpya nou auvanapTi~ouv TO Carpus TO Tpia npWTO YP04'T~Kav aTa AaTlVIKci ~6vov 01 Nwpai ypci4'T~.av lTTa £AA~VIKO. hov avaY£W~(1laKO nivaKa £IKovi~£Tor 0 10uarIVIOVOe;, T£A£uTaioe; £K4'paaT~C; T~<; pw~a''', K~e; noAlTIK~e; 16£aAaylac;, ~£ £v6u~aaio Pw~aiou OUTOKpilTapa, va napa6i6£1 arov Tpl6wVJavo Kor TOUe; au~6otiAoue; TaU TOV KW/j,KO (Pw~~, BClTlKavo).

.ar

TA ONOMXIA TQN MHl 'QN KAI H i\ATINIKH nPOEi\EYlli TOYL Ictl'ova.[JW' < lanuarius (mellSis: /-11)va,) < lanus (lavo,),

8£6£ a onoLo£ O1Jil~OJcL1;£ITO JlEQaO[La (ianua, ae: niQao/-w,

[[oooor;) XaL xani O1JVEmla TOU aqJl£QWY£1aL a KQWTO£

il~var; l:OU KO),l1lXOV ElOUr;, 10 rrEQuO[la o~),al)ll arro 1~

lIla XQOYla onlY aleA11·

t!Jep[Jova.[Jw, < Februarius (memis), 0 !.Lllvar; TWV xa8aQ

["Ull' < februus d,ayvw/-dvor;. Kani n1 Olo.Qx£la lOU ,l~va

aulOv Ol PWilaLOL 1£).ouoav ,lEya),11 YlOQT~ Esa'(VLOilov XO.I

£sLJ,aoT~glfS eUGlES·

MaglIO, < ;'vlartilLs (mellSis) < l'vIars, tis, oQxala lWJclX~

8£61~ta JlOU TmHloT~xE ,IE TOY 8£6 AQ11. 0 Mars, lTCtTEQar;

lOU PWilVJcou, ecwg~e11x£ y£vagXlIr; TWY PWllaLwv XaL TaU

0.cplEgw8IlX£ a JlgUJTOr; I' Ilva£ 101' ETOur;. LlO ilEWyEVEOTE

go 01"W£ ~llEgoA6'ILO rou NOUlla (70£ m rrX) w£ aQX~ TOU

ErOl'£ OQLOT11x£ 11 rrQwT11 Iavouagiou

A;T!?ilw; < Aprilis (mensis) < aperio: avoiyw, a ,ll~Yar;

xani TOY orrOLO 11 y~ avoly£l, ~yO.1;£1 tll YEa oooELa.

Maw, < Maius (mensis) < Maia (Maiia), aQxaLa lwJclxll

el0T11W~ onoLa WUTL0111XE I"£ HII' cleA11YlXll Mal.a, X()gl1

lOU ATAavw XaL [l1']TEQO. TaU EQil~. E1U!tOl,01'"xa TO Maia

OUVOEETaL!lE TO magnus: f-IEyrilco" YL' aUTO lWl T~r; aqJl£QlD

el]XE QIl11vnc xma TOV onolo llEyaAWVEL '1 ~AaOT110~.

[ovvwq< IUllius (mensis), a !1'ilva£ T11£ luna, aQxaiar; lWAL

xl1£ 8Ea" 11 orroia TaUTLOT~',£ ilE 1~V 'Hga.

[OV),IO; < lulius (mens!s) , It~var; rrQos Hill]Y TaU IouAlou

Kaloaga, a OKOLo<; l'£vv~8rlx!; ons 13 TOU ,l~VO£ Quintilis

quinlus, TOU ::IE!1;tTOU 011),0.01'1,LL11va OUilqJllJYCI.!I£ TO :w;\w,o

11ILEQO),OYlO (TO orroLo Ogl~£ wr; agXll TOll i.'Tour; r~v .(gUlT~

Mag1iou) METa r~ OO)'OqJOVLa TaU Kaioaga xw, vOTEga

ana rrgow011 TOU Magxou AVT(>JVL01J anoqJaoLO'I~xE .~

I-'ETOVOltaala TOll Quintilis ac lov)w.

AIIYOVOTO, < Auguslus (mensis) , I-"lvar; rrQo; Hil'lv TOU

Al11'0VOTOU OXw.~lavov. ITctl,mOtEga a Il~var; OVOlla~(')

Tal' Sextilis < se.nus: E"TOr;.

I.,TT:E/-lPgW, < September, bris < septem EJmi, a E~OO!,Or;

,dl"a, xu:ca TO naAmo11llLQOJc0Ylo.

OXTw!3[JWq < October, bill <: octo: OXTW, a oyOoor; I-'~ya,

xma TO ;w),aco Tll-'EQOAOYlo.

NOEI'P[JW, < November, bris < novem: [wia, 0 EVO.TO£

IL1iva; XaTa TO rral,aLo '~[IEgOAO'(LO

dexE,u!3[JW, < December, bris < decem: OExa, a OExmOr;

Illlva, TOU nolaLQu l1l-'£QOAOyLou.

136

H avaf.lSTPTlOll SMTlVl0f.l0U KOl AanVl0f.l0U apxi~SI ana TTlV npWTTl KlO Aae; snaep~ TOUe;, TOV 60 n.X. at., Kal aVTavaKAoTOl OlOV OUVSX~ avTO YWVlOf.lO TWV ouo yAWOOWV, 0 onoioe; smepspsl TTlV anooox~ TTle; EAATlVlK~e; we; oUf.l6oAOU aV(lnsPTle; nOlosioe; KOl nOAlTl0f.lOU. nOpOA Alll,a il AanVl((~, oUf.l60Ao Tile; PWf.lOiK~e; TlYSf.l0VLOe;, I
°

~bpo KOI O1OS~O. H YAWOOlK~ nOAlTlK~ TOU M. KWV010VTlVOU UlOS£ Tov 100 al., EITL KlOVOWV1LVOU Z' 10U 1l0QC/luQoy£vvq1ou, oqflooLEunCLl oUYYQaflflCl OXEUXO flE TO ITOAUltAOXO ITQ(jno· T£lTQl ono TOUe: olo06xoue; TOU KQl nopollev£l OX£06v 0~£T06AIlTIl xoHo 111, aU1OxQC.llOQLX1l' ClU),~, {DEQi (3C1U(AEiOV ra~EWC;). ~eXPI Til OlOlP£01l TOU KpOTaUe; c:nl ApKoolou (395 Il.X.). H aU/,LX11 EEJL~L01VrrLa rrQoEQx,i,LlEvq arro us ClUAlX£S OUVll' Ana Ta TeAll TOU 40u Il.X. Ql. Il EMIlVlK~ n£pvo O1IlV aVTmlS£OIl 8EI£, 1qS VE01EQ1l' QlJJfla'LX~S aU1OXQWOQlas, 111S £1tOX~S KQl KaSi01a1Ol lOOTlll1l Tile; AaTlVlK~e; O1a OIKaOT~plO, O11l ouvTa1;1l 10U 6.LOx/,quavou XCLl tou M. KlJJVOWV1LVO'U, OLWqQEL 011., OlQSIlKWV KQl -TO 0llllaVTlKOT£PO- 010 Ilavc:nlO1~1l10 Tile; KWV01aVTl TE),Er£s XCLl O,U:; YLOQ1£S xcmol£S OT,EQE01VrrES ),mmx£s

vounOAIle;, y£yovoe; nou anOO£lKVU£1 OTl avayvwp[~OV101 £mo~~we; 10 EXCPQClOELS ~,aYQafLfl£vES ma ElcAl1vLxa.

ava~epl06~TIl1O OlKQlWllaTO Tile; we; YAwooae; Tile; nA£lOVOTIl1Oe; OTIlV 'E,oL, IT.X., xwa TI]v acptl;q10u au,OXQa1000 o,qv Exx)''llola

OL XUYXEAl.aQLOL xm 0 XOWLCHLJJQ £ljialcAuv w [;.'IS: Lli. Ma.·

avaTOAlK~ aUTOKpOTopla. 'HOIl ono TO T£A£UTaIO TbapTO TOU 50u QiE, BiQ)''l1'E. NrirovC;. iT. Marta.. OWQLEVUXOVV /lOVVEQo..

~x. at. m010nOl£l1Ol np0660101la Tile; EMIlVIK~e; evaVTI Tile; AaTlVl ciooQavuc;. (De tWaria virgine notus est, el /vlagi ab oriente

K~e;, OX£Tl~OIl£VO 11£ TIlV oMay~ Tile; KpaTlK~e; nOAlTlK~e;, Il onola cum mllneribus odorant). KQiarovc;. Lliovc;. NoauQ. XOVfl.

O1peep£1 TO £VOloepepov Tile; npoe; TIlV AVOTOA~ Enl 10UOTlvlQVOU Il oiQfiEr. '7WrieLOV,Il. (3iarQov/l. niQ. fLOv,hovaavvoC;. iT.

EAAllV1K~ £mTuyxov£1 Tllv onoepoOloTIK~ viKll Tile; c:nl Tile; AaTlVIK~e;, (3ovOC;. (Christus Deus noster conserver imperium vestrum per

ov Kat 0 OUTOKpOTOpOe;, onwe; Kal 01 npollyoull£Voi TOU, ~1OV AOTlVO multos annos et bonos). 'lwavvEC;. h' loQoavE. fJ(L1d~uc.

epwvoe; KQl c:nl nAeov unepllOXOe; Tile; anoKOToOTOOIle; Tile; 110AQlOe; OO,lIT/"OV/l. OEXOVVOOV/l, [,lAoV,U. f30xar 6E ri fJOAO. (Ioannes

pWlla'iK~e; aUToKpOTOpioe;. H c:mSullio TOU 0IlWe; va c:1;UylOV£1 Til oloi et lordane baptizat Dominium: is rursus illi acc!amm: A te

volo baptizari). Kov/l KQOVX'lcpt~ov Ear ir oEnovlrovc; ir

KllOll TOU KpOTOUe; TOV ovoYK6~£1 VO oVOyvwplO£1 TllV EAAllVlK~ we; riQ~w (li£QQE aovQQi~,r. (Cum crucifixils et sepultlls esset,

yAWOOO TIle; VOIlOS£Oioe; KQl TOU olKaiou, W01£ 01 S£O~oi KQl Ta 010 tertia die resurrexit), XArr.

TOYllaTa vo YlVOVTQl KOTOVOIlTO ana TO AaO. KaT' OUOIOV 11 !lOTlVlK~ A1[o U!V EAAlJ[~ y.m OVOY.Qt~~ [.i£wygo i] '[lOV ;TaQOJTaVUi

OlaTllP£lTQl nAeov we; yAWOOO Tile; OUA~e; KQl TWV T£A£TWV Tile;. ExcpgaoElOv w100ElxvUnm on 1qv EJLOX~ aL'ni £[XE XOe£L

HAOe; c:nl HPOKAdou avaKaA£lTQl Kal 11 TumK~ LOoTl~ia TWV OUO xa8£ £.:wq;~ fl£ '['1 i\o.HVlX~ yAwaoa..

YAWOOWV: Il£TO Tllv KOTOAUOIl TOU n£pOlKOU 600lA£[OU, TO 629, OVTl YlO TOV nopaooOlaKo TlTAO OUTOKparWp, OVTlO1OlXO TOU AOTlVlKOU imperalor, 0 HpOKA£lOe; ul08£T£l £mo~IlWe; TllV £AAIlVlK~ A£1;1l 6001 Ko.\oaOlaio ~ap~aptv~ K.4'a.\~ TOV M. KwvaTovr;voU. To e.\tlJ~o A£ue; unooIlAWVOV1Oe; TIlV OPLOTlK~ p~1;1l Tile; OUTOKpOTOplOe; TOU 11£ ITOU xaVnat aTO alT.,po, 01 aaptc: ypo~~tc: TOU ITPOOWITOU KOI TO Til PWlloiK~ nopoooOT]. OOTOOO, 0 nOAlTlKOe; XOPOKTIlPIOjJOe; PWj.Joioe; ~tyeeoc: TOU oVaptaVTO ou~eo.\i~ouv TOV aUTOKparopo-ovrllTpO' awno TOU eeO" wi T~C: nc: (pw~~, Palazzo de; Conservatori). -PWj.JIOe; YlO TOV 'EMIlVO noA[TIl TOU OVOTOAlKOU pWIl0"iKou KpOTOUe; 1l£T06aMoll£VOe; O£ £SVOYPO¢IKO £m6lwv£1 jJexpl o~ll£pa we; ouvw VUllO HIe; OVOjJOOlOe; 'EAAl)voe;. H !laTlVlK~ £~o¢av[~£i\ATINIl:MOI BYZANTh'iHL: OPOi\OrIAl: NO.ulX~ OQOAOyLa. Tal ono TO npOOK~VlO Tile; 01l1l00l0e; ~W~ ,OAM ,'. o.YYClQdCl. < angaria) EQPCl{}t < aQ.urLgwv < armarium, r)iOC/'.TO 11 £vTovll pWlla'iK~ mlopooll O£ TOjJ£le; nou < (3W/;.Wrol' < bisexrwn, Ka},avw < xaAIll'oW < c"/c/'Idof', o¢opouoov TIlV £OWT£PlK~ OUVOX~ KOl TO KiVa., xfUi(ov) < cella, XW')L; < codex, XOVCJTwO!,.l -( £1;WT£PIKO jJ£YaA£lO TaU KpOTOUe; OUV£60A£ cILI'(odia, cpn,flli.La <
x.cc

L'[ga'[wmxli O(!o).oyia xa.f3a,l,lG.(!'l~ < x(I/3aUo.QLOC; < cahallorll/S, xop, 0; <: campllS, xG.(JTgo(v) <: CUSfrl/l11, XO/l'lC; < comes, OOlI%a; < oovl: < dux, ,uf'
6HMHTPA ITITlIKJ\H

KA00MIAOY

~NH

KAI

rPA
H OMIAOYMENH (50«;-100«; AlnNAl:) EiJpT/%C ri]v bapa)J)ja rllCaJ.qv xai w, ro xatvOv ciUxroptv min:n lCEJrrjbT/xcv xa; br:oiTJoC lCotbia W. ra ;v),oxovxxovba[••. j f)EorpaVT]<;,XlIovoY!lwpia, 1,283 (b:o. de Boor). Lzwnuxo <511~ciJOE£ cmxouQY11~a yLa TOV aU10xQaTOQo, MCll)gLXlO (582-602). Ev<5lwpEQov naQouolcJ.sEl11 XQ11011 TOU Ql'l~lClro£ ltYjocu, err11 crl1~LaOLU TOU OXEVW, onw£ XC!l 011~EQCl tJTIl ),a'Lx~ y),cocroa. H AESl1 SVI,O;Wvxxovoa, oaqJEOTaW Aalx~, E[V(LL OUOV011TIJ.

wic; xa07jfll:ptvaic; 0 paotJ.£Vc; [... J xaOil;E1:at MO (r/.apa payyiov clVW rou XPVOO7fc!!tx}.£i(Jwv oayiov, Kll}v(JT(7.vtiv~

DOQqJuQoyrvvTJtO;,

nipi pao!Miov rci~EWC;, II L, 30L (Ex/). Reiske), H W'IJ "aerI.UEQlvi) 0111 crl1~wJla fJfdQa EQyaat,UfJ crE aYlt OLacr10)~ :tQo£ "11v KVQwxrj (Yj 1J.uiQa a(!yiar;), ~QLOXHaL ~Ol1 OE nQWt~la XQlcruavlxcJ. XEL!J-Eva. I1.JTO oxaga/layywv, o11Aao~ (pogr./wrar; oxuQu,uayywv, XaQaxTIJQlerrl)(~ V€Ol€

QLOTt)(~ XQ~ol1 Tll£ nQoGEoEwc; (bra, To OXaQUflayywv (m 8avcnaw ana to ).anvoYEQ~avlxo sea raman nils) ~Wv cioor; xJ.aftljbar; 7I:OU cpogouoav 0 auwxQc(1ogaC; XaL Ot astw~o,nxo[, Ano "11 AESIl aU1~ 10 EJTaYYEA!J-anxo axaga fwyyar; (XClL we; EnWVWO OLXoYEvELaxo, XC!l ano auto 10 YVW010 tOltWVU~lO "11C; A tnz~c;), XQvaoJ(cQ£xI,iWTOr;: fIE XQvaoxiv(Yjw; ;wgvrpi,. Xagazt11QlOUXO ~USUVTl\'o O))V 8ECO. Iayiol': I~avovar; (JLlGavwc; ana TO aQxaLo oayor;, arl!(J'(UJ)w,or; ,uavovar;).

XapT~e;

TOU

6U~OVTIVOU

KpaTOUe; KOTa TOUe; xpavoue; rou 10uoTl

vlavou

LA::::O

H m:pioooc; ana TOV 50 WC; TOV 100 Ol.

aTO Bu~uVTlo Sa

IlnopOUO£ va xa

paKTllPIOTd ano YAWOOIK~ unOlj!11 wc; "IlWOa'iKO YAWOOIKWV £tKOVWV», H aTTIKloTIK~ TUOll Kuplapx£i aTIC; TU~£IC; TWV AOYLWV, 11 EKKAlloLO XPllOt Ilonold 1110 YAWOOO onAOUaT£pll, nou 80 IlnopOUO£ vo xapaKTllPIOTd wC; «£KKAll010aTIK~ KOIV~», £vw unuPX£1 EVO PWIlOAEO 0I1IlWO£C; yAWOOt KO p£ulla, TO onOLO, OUaTUXWC;, o£V aVTlnpoown£u£TOIIl£ K£lIl£VO AOyO T£XVIKU, 'OC; TlC; apXEC; TOU 60u ot. £~oKoAou8£l vo dVQI £nlOll1111 VAwooa TOU KpUTOUC; 11 i\aTlVIK~, aMu ~011 0 10UaTIVlaVOC; ano¢aol~£1 va £KOW O£l TlC; Nwpec; TOU aTllV EMllVIK~, VIO va dvOi 01 VOIlOt KaTavollTol ana TOUe; noMoue;: «010 TO npoX£lpOV T~e; £PllllV£lae;", AUTO 0l1lla[V£1 OTl 11 EMllVIK~ YAwooa, nou ~TOV ~011 KupiapXll aTllV avwT£Pll KOlvwvla we; YAwooa Tile; nOlo£loe; Kal TWV ypalllluTWV, napallEV£l Kat YIO TO £UpUT£ po Aa'iKU aTpWIlQTa 11 KOIV~ YAwooa £n1KOIVwvLae;. MEoa OTOV £~£AIOOOIl£VO XPlaTlOVIKO KOOIlO TTle; AVQTOA~e;, 11£ TO anEpaVTO IlWOalKO TWV Aawv nou anOT£AOUV TO 6u~avTlvo KpUTOe;, TO KOIVO YAWOOtKO oPyavo, ollAao~ 11 0IlIAOUIl£Vll EMllvIK~, U¢lOTOTOI 6aSIlIalo nOAunolKIA£e; £n10pUO£Ie; KQI npoolll~£Ie; oTolX£lwv, nou Til OTpEepOUV oAo KQI n£ploooT£PO npoe; 0I1IlWOEOT£po KQI Aa'lKoTpono Tuno, 01 0llIlavT1KOT£p£e; Il£T060AEe; Kal £~£Al~£Ie; aTll epWVllTlK~, OTll 1l0p¢oAoyia, aTO napaywYIKo ouoTlllla, OTll ouvTa~l1, KaTa Tllv n£plooo aUT~, dVQI 01 aKoAOUS£e;: E~aepav[~ovTQI KQI TO T£A£UTa[a aTolxda Tile; apxa[oe; npoowo[ae; KQI £nIKpQTd nA~pwe; 0 OUvaIlIKOe; (TOVIKOe;) xapaKT~pae; Tile; yAwooae; Ilae;, 'ETOt oUllnimouv Ta llaKpU KQI Ta 6poXEa (a: w), OAOKAllPWV£TOI a llovoep80YYIOIlOe; TWV OlepSOyYwv (01: £,01: £1: UI: i, au. u), OlllllOUPYou VTQI Ta allollxa ¢WV~£VTa, ITO MITIKO OUOTlllla TOU OVOIlQTOe; napoTIl P£lTQI £~a08£v)1011 Tile; OOTlK~C; KOI OIQTOpaOO£TQI TO ax~lla Tile; OIOlPE CJT]e; TWV OVOIlUTWV (OUOlaaTIKWV KQI £n18tTwv) O£ Tp£le; M[OEIe;, ITle;

EI

nap,m

LMBOI

Mlold;'\nvo

i\OMBAPt..OI

ABAPOI

BHilroTG01 Ko»o013'l

MAYPOYIIOI

• Bl1fwT6<; • I

To ~l!~avTlV6 KpC)TOS TO 565 IJ-x' (TEAOS TllS ~(JaIA((os TOl! 10l!OTLVIOVOU)

oo6"LJ~a

OVTWVUI-Il£e;, KUp[We; TIe; npOOwmKte;, XPIlOlI-IOnOLOuvTOl OUXVOT£PO

" ... aurp()Ei, 7tapa 'lovOTivov, (Jam)Jw, 'Pwpaiwv, xai rpopEua, aurpaVlOl' 'Pwpaiiiw (JamAtxov xai XAapvJa 01 A£YOI-I£VOI "OOUVOT01» TUnOI (jJOU, IOU, OOU, TT)e;, TWV, KAn.). Ot 1-1£10

aa7t(}ol' (UOm/pLXOV, EXWV avri 7tog((!V{}OV ra(Jliov Xf!v BOASe; OTO P~I-IOTO dVOl n£plooOT£p£e; KOl 608uTEp£e;: ITO OPXOlO

uovv (Jaa!J.J.xiw ra(Jliov, iv Qj U7tijpxEV iv piu'!J OTIIOa{}tO'V BOll81lTlKO E/Pl 0IlI-lIOUPYOUVTOl TunOI onAOUOT£pOI KOl 0IlI-lWOSOT£POI

aA"O,voV, ixovra riw xapaxrif(}a rov aVTov (Jam)Jw, (Elpal, £lOW, £Ivai, fjfJT)V, KAn.). n£plOpl~OVTOI KOl OX£OOV £~O¢OV[~O

'[ovOTil'ov, xai OTLxaptOV JE aa7tpov 7ta(}a)'avJLov, xai aVro EzOV xgvaa 7t},ovpia (Jaa!J.l.Xa, waalrrwt; I!xovra riw VTOI TO 0PXOlO P~I-IOTO O£ -fJl KOl I-I£TOnlmOUV OTllv TCl~1l TWV 60PUTO

xapa;ar;(}a roiJ aVrov (Jam)Jwt;" ra yag r~aYJ'ia, atrpo VWV (oEiKVUfJl - 0E1KVUW, OfJVUfJl - opVUW, K.T.O.). onwe; £~O¢OVl~OVTOI

pEt, ~V aya)'wv (Lira rif, iJiat; aVTov xw(}at; [... ] •. OX£OOV TO OVWI-I0AO P~I-IOTO KOl 01 OVWI-I0AOI Tunal (np6A. oloae;, 01'00

IwuvVl]<; MO.J.UAU<;, Xpovo)'[Ja'fJia, 413, IO-J8 TE OVT[ oloea, l'an:, KAn.). ITaV 50 ot. nopouOlo~£1Ol Il KOTOAIl~1l -OUV

(Exo. L. Dindorl). TaU y' nAIl8uvTlKou npoownou TOU £V£OTWTO KOl TaU I-ISMOVTO

L10 a.n;OO1t(XCJfla nou avarpEQEl:OL onl ~O;rtlOIl xm (Myouv, OVTi MYOU01) KOI -(alee;

0't11 O'tE1jJ1l 101) ~aOlAla 't(JJV i\.at,wv ZW8l0U (~ OVTi -(alae;, TOU 6' EVlKOU npo

Tt,u8lou). ana 10V ouwxQo1OQo [OUO'tLVO A' ownou TaU EVEPYIlTlKOU oopi

(518-527). onov1OUv nA~80~ OWlXELWV 't11~ 0ill' A01JflEVIl~ yAW(JOO~: (3amJ.illiI; 'PwflaUvv ... awpo OTOU (elm:e;, OVTI drrae;, €Aum:e;,

vwv 'Pwfla;iov: Ol OQOL, ;rou ano 1OUl; :tQO)lilOU<; OVTI €Auoae;).

~ut,avtlVOu~ XQOVOl;; ('rllAWvouv WlJ~ UIlIlXOOUS nA£iOT£e; AOTIVOY£V£le; KOI 't1l~ au,{oxQa'tOQia~, X(!1]()[j!01l0LOUVWl mu8EQQ OE OMEe; A£~£le; £~£MIlVi~oVTOI OAIl '{1] ('lLQQ;4.Ela 'tOlJ Hut,ov'tlou 'Wl Elllj3lWVOUV WS 1-I0P¢OAOYIKO (oKaAa, ori:pva, mjilEQa (JJ~ 01]AOl'tLXOl t1]; EnIJVI.X~~ f.OVOt11W~. 1>oeiaac;: 0 'tuitoe upoQwa (OY'tl iq;oeryaa, 'tOu Q~ raBi:pva, KouBoUKAIOV, KAn.). no JlatO~ rpoew). :'lOU XQ1]OlilOllOlEltaL XOl ~~IEQa, pOTllpouVTOt EniOJle; mlOOOJl Tile; uno V'tQ ~O1] 0'{1] MnC((PQoOll t(JJV 0'. ':Aaneov: 'to unOKoplOTIK~e; KOTOAIl~Ile; OE -1(O)V, £1rl8no {iungoc; 0't1] 0llflaola 'tOU J.EV;i. 2:rLxaewv: ,uaxeu WWTOQIXO qJoQ£lla, rrou rpoQouv 011flE(lrl TTje; £UKTlK~e; KOl Tile; UnOTOKTl Ol XA1]QlXOL (urroxoQlOny.o tOU OTLXiov). [[a(JOYW)OLOV:

K~e;, K08we; KOI Il OUVTO~1l TOU X(JOoawTo rpoQ'/w (urrOy.oglGTlXO 'tou UQXOlOU 7taQayau

OnOpEI-I¢c'nOU, nou XPIlOII-I0nOI£[ 07]C;). rrQ~A. 'to VEO'tEgO naeayuol.

TOI nOMte; ¢optC;tvop8po, EVW I-I mJVUlSIl 'tll~ I.lE1OXlj~ EXEl OLaWQOXOEl: (urrOy.ElIJEVO

OU6EtEI)Ol; ybol'~, iU'TOX,j uQoc'/I.%OU yivouC; (Jf ll'tWOl!

nctx\Tl')(.lciTOl OIQTCpoxh 0TJl Xp~ amanx!1 EVIXOlJ) ar7]eaQwv.. fXOVW. Aito tTl XQljm!

OIl TWV np08to£wv. uunj ;rQoExutj1E 0 vEOEnIlVL){O~ ){OLVO~ XaL axAl't
IOIOIT£PO EVOlO¢tpOV no tile; Jlf:l:OX~~ 'tou EVEQ'Y'ltLY.01J EVW't(0W (ixol'rm;)_

POUOlO~OUV TO 0IlI-lWOIl ~ 01l1-l0Tl KO¢OV~ K£lI-lEVO Tile; nEplOOOU, onwe; EivOl OL Xpovoypo¢i£e; (TOU MOAQAO KQl TaU 8£O¢OVIl Kupiwe;), TO o XPIOTO~ OTCQVTOarO (M6o)(o, Mouocio K£il-l£VO nou onOO[OOVTOl OTOV OUTOKPc'nOPO KWVOTOVTlVO Z' TOV nop noiJoKIV). ¢upoytvvllTO (945-959), 01 A£yOI-l£VEe; npwT060UAYOpIKSe; £mypo¢te;, KoBwe; KOl TO npOI-I£TO¢POOTIKO OYlOAOylKO KElI-IEVO. I' OUTO 80 I-Inopou O£ va olomOTwo£1 KaV£le; TIe; E~£AlKTLKte; OLOOIKOo[Ee; TOU EMIlV1KOU Myou, TOOO OTIl ¢WVIlTlK~, 000 KOl OTIl 1-I0P¢OAOYlO KOI OTO nopoywyl KO OUOTIlI-I0 (KUp[We; OTIlV nopoywy~ oUV8tTWV), KOTO TOUe; npWlI-IOUe; Bu~ovTlvoue; QlWVEe;, KOTO TOUe; onolOUe; OL0l-Iop¢w8IlKOV TO KUplO XOpO KTTjP1OT1KO Tile; V£OTEPIle; EMIlV1K~e; KOLYhe; YAWOOOe;

8EOXAPH2:: 6ETOPAKHL:

139

KA80MIIIOYM"NH

KAI

rPAOMENEl:

o KAAIIKlXMOI (60«; AlfiNAl) flpoxomar; Kawapwr; rour; TlOMpOVr; f,vv€,/pal/JE:V, our; '/OVOTtVWVO; 0 'Pwpaiwv pam}.£ur; Jrpor; pappri(Jovr; bl1l v£yxe rour; rt i:rj;ovr; xai eaJr£(JLov" wr; JC'l avrwv ixiLuc{IJ SVV'lVE-I.01J YE:Vi:aOat, lbr; /I;' €pya ulrEpp£,,/iOTJ 0 pi:'/a<; aiwv ).oyov Cg1lpa 1.'';l{!waiL,uf:I!or; rfj u J.~Oll aUra xara JCpO'lraL xai ;ravra.iwULv e5LrTJJ.a Oijrat, dJVTl£(J r;,v pVlj PTJV aUriH; rJno pr/a n {awIJa, xai f,vvoiuov ir; ra l'iLl.L UTa roir; r£ vVv OJUL xai roir; ir; bmw yeV'laOpEvoL<;, d 1roTe xat aJoLr; 0 xpovor; e<; opoiav ma rour; av(Jpwlrov<; avayx'lv bLaIJOLro, fipoxorllOS, ')i.Tip rwv TloUpWV, o.4-S

ro

lEY-ii. A. J. Haury),

o n(?OIl.OJllO~ ano r~v Kawcir)ew. iY(?Q1jJe r~v LOwQia rwv no.i..t~lIwv nov (lLeNyayf

°

lovorLVlavo~, a avrOIl.(?aro(?a~ rwv Bvi;avuvwv, ['vavriov rwv f3aePci(?WV r'l~ Avaro),1~ II.W r~~ Ll VO'I~, o.:rw<;, WiQLf3W~ ovvi(3'1 va yivC/ %aeiva~ rov~. r"onor; rou >jwv va P'l {JQeL 0 aniQavror; %Qovo~ eQya V7lCQ,uCyi0'l al'v'l,uovwra yow ra QLf,eL or'l AT/OILOVa] £5acpavii;ovrar; ra navui..l.k AJTO avra Il.VTJfJ.OVevoc ooa o LOWr; vo,uLi;e on 'I aVCr,uv'Io1 TOVr; (Ja dvw xan TO 0T/f-la vnxo "w wcpe)"I'owro %w arovr; oUYXQOV(lVr; "at our; ,uerayevioreeer; yevtir;, 0.1' xanore 0 %Qovor; ~avo.cpiQC/ TOVr; avOQwrrovr; oe "cinOLa nUQo,uoLa avaY"'1.

°

H aQX~ urrolo EQ'IO 'f,'EQ rwv no).ff-lwv no\! rrFQLYQa
"EIJ:rwv dr; 'ErpuP'lv uirpuv {/ipaxuv ayxtx£).£VOOl' Arribor; ri(Jxall,r;, lbr; xr7.paYlla Urn Llaxgv /i' elruJJraaa<;, Xai[JOLr;, i'l!l'a!' b, yag aXOl'ri~ oi%rd(Jw a', erpap'lv, Ijv mi{Jl1; oux i/iolllJv. ';4 ;roool' ~i:ot.wv l'OOl' qxaXfq' aM.' ,/)e A>iO"v vaiel~, liy),ail]v Ev XOov! xarOFpi'vlJ. [luMmI';' f1vOoAoyia, VII, 220.

ro

To. iN.LLmCr ,uov m'Qv01'w, m~v KOI!IVO(l avriy.(lI'!1u. ;r~(iL or'lv 006, co rruro 'I::' IJaioo.r;, O:TW; ,110.:; Un '} xaQay!dvl] E:TLi'eWpli rov. ME ;rJiQrtl'f f(( OcixQva %L avacpaJ1'>;orc .XalQe, yVI'a[JiCi, rwv pllm;)l' ILOV ~iv'I, .UOI" axovoTa ;rou 0' Exl.V aE i.l':Tallw. A, .TOOWV [(f!~f3wv ;r~QE, 'fa p.VCi),a.1 rIC< Of;, ml/r; ).']OP.Ol',o.; r'7 XWQa /leVEL!:; %L '7 op.oQcpta oov HbQa ,LlEr; oro l.Wp.a.

To f/v1lflU 1'1<; :n:EQiqnJlIJlt; ElaiQu<; AULoac; awsowl'. )([mi 10V nauo[l\,ia (II, 4,4), OTT]v KOQLl'OO. OIIOY-, OJlWC; flUS n}dlQoq;oQEl 0 nOloEfLWl' 0 IIEgLllY~l1i<; (fr. 44 Pr), xaL Eva aHo fl.l'1'nla 0''S oX8EC; '[01J IIqvELau /..tyOtav liwv Errl' 0'1; nl~ i\n.tou~. 0 Aya8inc; ITOL'qTl;1.1, aOE[~( ,OJlOOITEl 0,0 fl.l'1WElO tl1C K0l2ll'80\! fUU E:rl'!QCiqJ 1i :rOt' xara lOV A8i]· V(/LO (\3. 589 b) E
o·t[

140

o XPLOTlaVIKOe; OUl..laVL0I..l0e; TWV nQTtpwv TOU 40u I..l.X. at. mt6aA~ TOV aTTlKL0I..lO we; YAwooa ~~ouoiae; Tfle; EKKAfloiae;. 0 60e; at. (<
Tfle; KOOl..llK~e; ypol..ll..laT£lae; nou OUV~X[~~l TflV apxala ~AAfl

VLKrl nop05oofl· o KAaOlK101..l0e; ~mOlWK~L I..l~ Tfl l..lil..lflOfl TWV apxaiwv npOTunwv TflV ~KAtmuVOT], Tfl O~I..lVOAoy(a Kat y~VlKOT~PQ TO UljJT]AO u¢oe;. H QPLOTOKPQTlK~ QUT~ n'1ofl ~molwK~L va avao£l~~l TOV QTTlKLOI..lO

we; KUpLO opyovo TOU tVT~XVOU AOyOU. Ol aVTlKAQOlKlO1lKte; TQO~le; (MaAQAae; Kal ~v IltP~l PWI..l0Voe;) ~vToni~ovTol OTflv uloBtTT]Ofl EVOe; anAouoT~POU YAWOOlKOU opyQVOU, nou tX~l we; npoTuno TOU TT]V ~MflVlOTlK~ KOlVrl TWV l~PWV K~ll..ltVWV Kat an~u6uv£Tat OTO ~UPUT~PO KOlVO.

OL OflIlOVTLKOT~POL ~KnpoownOI TOU KAQOlKl0I..l0U TOU 60u at. dVQL 0 10TOplKOe; npOKomOe; (490/507±562). 0 AYQ6iQe; (536-582) KaL o e~o<1>uAQKTOe; 0 LLI..l0KQTTfle; (t I..l~TQ TO 582). 0 QTTLKl0I..l0e; TOU npOKon[ou EIVQL avoLKTOe; TOOO npoe; TQ apxalOTlKG. yAwoOlKG. 0101 XElO 000 KOl npoe; Tle; I..lETaKAoOlKte; xP~O~le;. 'ETOl, EVW OTO KUPlO L01OPLKO TOU tpyo 'Ynip rwv nOAij1wv (npoTUno TOU 080UKUoiofle;) IltV~L mOTOe; OTflv OTTLKrl Ka6apOTflTQ, ~mOlWKOVTQe; Tfl AIT~ OIOTU nwofl KQl anO<1>~uYOVTQe; TOUe; OflI..lWO~Le; TunoUe;, OTO aMa ouo tpya TOU, TO n€pl KTlOj1CIrWV KQL TQ :4vcKoora, otX£TQL TT]V miopa

aT] Tfle; PflTOplK~e; KQl TptnETQl npoe; TO n~p[nxvo u¢oe;. o Aya6ioe;, nou I..l~ TO tpyo TOU 'Ioroplwv 616Ma ouV~Xi~~l Tflv lOTopia TOU npoKoniou, o~LonoL£i nEPLOOOT~PO TO ov8flPO u¢oe;

TWV apxaiOTWV AOy[WV TTle; c:nOx~e;. NO~IKoe; (p~TWp) Kat nOlrlT~e; 0 iOIOe;, aAAO Kat OUVTOKTIle; TOU KUK!lOU TWV V{;WV {;mypaj.1j.1GTWV TSP n8Tat ~8 Til ~i~1l TOU A8~IAOY[OU ana TOV 'O~IlPO We; TIlV 8'\'\IlVIOTlK~ 8mypa~~QTonoi[a.

o 880q>UAOKTOe; 0 2:l~OKOTTIle;, a~£a6T8pOe; ~l~IlT~e; Kat OUV8 Xl
Kat vo~0~a88ie;, nou avaAa~6ovouv va unOOTIlP[~Ouv ~8 TO spya TOUe; Tllv IlPOKA81a npoan0881a Yla Tllv avaouoraoll Tile; SVOO~Ile; aUToKpmop[ae;. 0 KAaOlKlo~6c; 8yyUCnat TIlV nV8U~aTlKr1 aKTlv060 A[a Tile; Nsae; PW~Ile;·

fU).a %ai vJri:(! apapnibwv rwv t'q to aWf/a %oMLaEL; rfi €hobw{?(l Eml'oEiv EJrLpEJ.i:; ~l', ;ropvaq af/wt JrUol' Ij JITl' raxoaiaq ayt'!{?aaa i:v ayop(i ptOT! Eq rptw(Jo),ov oaol' a;ro~ijv pw(}apl'ovaaq, €q u: r;'v avrtJrtpaq qJrE:lPOV m:Ei},a aa i:v r(li xaJ..ovpivrp I'vlEravoi{X povam:'!{?irp xa(}E'{!~E rol' (Jiov flEraf/rptiaaa(}(f.l al'ayxa~ovaa. 61' b~ nVE:q i{!{!LTTOVV aimlq arp' vljr'!),ov viJxrw{?, raVrri rE: rijq axovaiov pEra {Jo),ijq ciJr'lJJ.i!.aaovro, ngoXOlll0S,fl.vb!bora, (I, 105-106 (bl~,

A. J. Haury).

AJ-.Acl "at Yla He; yvvui"re; EJ.weEQiwv rJewv i'J f)w6wQa ipQOVHSE va ,urJXavE!JEraL {Jaaavwrr,QLa. Aipov, Amoro,' av yxivrQwaE Jravw ano nEVWxOai£(; JrOQVEC; Jrov inw(jvav Qf.lOl(Jr, arrJv XEVTQlX~ aY0[Ja r[JElC; o(1o),OVC;, oao va q;,avEl yw. r'lv xa(}'1,uE[JlVli rQoq;Jj rovC;, Xl aipou HC; eOT,l).O OTi'JV avrtxQlvr, (JUQl6. %at He; r:pVUJ.%l.(JE oro /-lOva(Jrr,Ql JrOV TO CLiW%U),ovv "file; MEruvoiae;", EmXEi[J'I(J, va He; avay,,6.aEl v' a}-.AclsOVV re6710 ~Wli;· K6.nolEC; an' auriq T:rJ vvxra au TOxrol'OVaav, 71i,wvwc; (Jro %EVO a710 '/JrJ).6., XWfl' aurov rov [120710 y),!rw·po.v a710 ['Iv aVEmO',)III/U/ flErUaT:QOip'} rov fJiov TOVC;.

Iwv flQox6mo oJ[olllllnaL Eva EQYO

a~vooaAEas llO;':()l\

QlUS, Til. I1vi%oora ~ 'AJroxQuqJOC;
rTOV 'AVIO BLTll.\IO T~<; PoBevo<; on£IKovi~oVTQI, ot ~uo !;e:XWPI OTa IT.\OiOIO OVTlKPIOTa, 0 10UOTIVIOVOe; KOI ~ 0e:0~wpo ITpoaI~WTQ ~e: Ta 1T0.\1IT10iKI.\a XP~J~OTO TOUe; OU~IT.\~pwvovTal ~e: TI<; \JOp
rrapTp£Ta qno~l~o"v ra 1~laiTe:pa xapaKT1JP'OTlKQ KOI £Vlvav tIrE alTo T£xviT£<; TOU 8u~av·,.iou ITOU £PV60T~KOV tKti I'e:Taf,u TWV £TWV 52&-547, ciTe a,TO niOTOTe:pa ov8i60.\a (lTporuno OXt~IO) lTOU XP~Ol~olToi~aov 0' 1jJ~~ TianOl Via va ~~.\WO£1 Trw TOUTor~TO TOU, e:rr£l~~ TO 0.\.\0 e:IKOV1~0~e:VO Kupla npoaWTla ~TQV

ITOOiVVWOTa.

BAII/\HI KAITAPOI

141

KA80MIIIOYMENH

KAI

rPA<1>OMENEl:

H AOrOTEXNIKH KOINH (50C;-100C; AlfiNAI) 060<; al. anon:}..Ei ~la OTl~aVllK~ TO~~ onlv E:~S}..I~1l TaU 6u~avllvou KpC110U<;. H E:ioooo<; TIl<; EMllvIKr1<; y}..wooa<; OTOV KpallKO Wixavlo~o ~E: TI<; Nwp{;r; TaU 10UOllVIaVOU EiVQl 11 apx~ TaU anO}..uTOU E:~E:MIlVI O~OU TIl<; 6u~avTlv~<; aUTOKpaTOp[a<;. H OlaOIKaoia aUT~ OUVOOE:UE: 101 KQl ana Ola¢opOnOI~OE:I<; 010 y}..WOOlKO minE:oo. Tunal KQl OUVT
To XClpoYP04l0 T~e; BOTIKOV~C; BI6"Oe~K~e; 1605 (100e; 01.) rro po~i~cl ~c TO ovo~o TOU 'Hpwvo TOU BU~OVTiou ~IO rrpoy~oT£io ~c o~~yicC; ylo T~V rro"opKio rro.cwv, nou orrOTt'c; au~rri'~~o rro.OIoTcpWV cpywv. rT~V (IKOVO, ~IO orro TIe; ~IKpoYPo4lite; TOU Xtlpoypa4lou, noploTav£TOI ~ KOToaKcu~ YC4lupac;.

"$laTE, itiv fcm Xrl.tmO" £1' If; ~ aVI4joJ.~ yivwu, IJJrov15a ~.IY JilY flav JrallTw, or; rov vOlrol' 1; fWWJiOl' ij liflVl/V ij lupo'Y n rowVrO'v cir; oxV(!wJia ... Ei 15vafJaroi dllLv oi rOfrm xai Jirl.lun:a xafJaJ),.apiwv ovrwv reov iXOpOlv, apxEl rij Jrapani~a £ir; Oxv(!warv ~ rou dilrou 15vcr,"JE!a. El yi1{J axoJ,ovOQUInV ai aJia/:,at tv rOlC' :'owvror.r; rOfrol5' xai iJrwrpd£l5' TOl5' waaoJiiYou; oux daiv, 15vaJiaa (JaOl c6(Jiaxavrar. MIJ.1JQ;XLO;, I'rpan,yrXol', 0.478

uUa

(boll. G. T. Dennis - E. G:,millscheg). Oral' ry avvavrryary (;;E ro ExOQr"a Ol:QCluvllOra) yiVEr((l aE nEOla 00, rou nQhw YO 'PQovrf~E1 ;raYd, va EXE! ara vwra rou Eva v lWraJiO ~ ,wa lll'vry ~ xan naQo.uow nov ya roy nQomOrEVfl .. Avo ranor; fil'a' ()jla,Baro5', "at I
To LrQarryyIXov lOU MauQlxlou ELVa! fua arro lie rroAAEC; ~utuvtlvi; O'(QCI'llllWt.l:; JtQaY~CI1ELE;, :TOU O1Jvrxi~ouy ~IICi iTu.Qa,~0011 jtou ~Exlva lOy 40 rrX, at. IlE ,oy i\lvEi.cl. To E'{,(ElQl6w aUTO, TrOU aTro6[OET:m 010Y aUToxQrCi oQa '(OU Bu1;aV'(lOU MOllQlXlO (5R2·602), OE<~QElWl CutO W lILO EVOl.ClfpEQOVW EQya OTga'( '1Ylx~e TEXV'IS nou YQaqmjxay xaHi '('I 6LCtQXELa 1TjS ~u1;avTL\'~S mQl.aoou, l:'(O;(OS ,OU OUYYQCI'I;Ea Elval YCi TI:EQlYQa'lj>El ~fE O(l(p~YEla O)"ES TIS )"EmO~lEQElE; 1'1S xa8qilrQlV11C; orQClnlllH%~; t,lll~S Yom lIQ6~qS y.m va YlYEl 'WWVOTI10S mous Ev61U.CPEQO!~EVOUS. fta va EJtI11J;(El 10 OXOlIO o.UtO (iey 6WHi1;El va XQTjolllorrOL ~OEl u.:rlouo1EQll y),woaa, orQCltllllHXOUS oQOU; XCII. )"E~Ell; ),anvlX~S JlQOEAeU011S (%atmo" xa,6alAriQw,)

142

~E:I<; TIl<; Apxa1a<; EMIlVIK~<; y}..wooa<; nou XPllol~onOIOUVTQl O1OV ypamo Myo ¢aiVE:TQl on E:~a¢aVi~ov101 6a8~lQia ana TOV npo¢opl KO. 01 ~nox£<; KQl Ta anaps~¢aTa aVllKa8i01avTal OTOV npo¢oplKO Myo E:V ~SPE:I ano OE:UTE:pE:UOUOE:<; npOT
ouVOUaOE:l OTOIXE:la TIl<; Ka80~I}..OUIJ£VIle; ~E: oTolxEia Tile; ypam~e; y}..wooae;. TIlV E:VTLmwOTl TIl<; Ka8olJl}..ouIJSVIl<; E:VIO)(UOUV 11 napOTa KllK~ OUVTa~Il, 01 nE:pl¢paOE:I<; KQl Ta ouxv6 avaKo}..ou8a. ME: TOV Tpono aUTO TO Xpovoypa¢IKo tpyo TaU Iwavvll MaM}..a anOTE:}..Ei TO npWTO oE:iy~a ~1Qe; }..OYOTE:XVIK~e; KOIVrl<; OTIl 6u~avnvrl ypalJlJaTE:la Kala MaM}..ae; y[vnQl aPXIlYSTIl<; TIl<; 6u~avllv~<; Xpovoypa¢ia<; Kat TIl<; }..alKOTE:PIl<; }..0YOTE:xvia<;. H napaMIl}..1l XP~OIl OTOIXE:iwv TIl<; O~I }..OU~E:VIle; OIl~WOOU<; y}..wooae; KQl Tile; apXQloE:MIlVlK~e; y}..WOOlK~e; K}..IlPovo~lae; OE:V oOllyd OTllv nE:pimWOTl aUTrl OE: y}..WOOlKO xaoe; aVTi8na OdXVE:1 £vav 6OTO 0POIJO YLQ TOV ouvouaolJo TOU<; AUTO TO opo~O aKo}..ou8ouv apKE:1oi ouyypa¢E:i<; nou E:m8u IJOI:JV r.a Kd~E:Ya TOUC; va dVQl KOTavollTa OTllv nAE:IOVOTlllO TWV 8u~avllvw'J. H £nIAoYrl TOUTIl O£Y OUVO££TOl fIE: TO ~opq)W-TlK,6 TOUe; min£oo, aMa ~£ TO OKono nou E:mOIWKE:I va E:~unllpE:1~OE:1 TO spyo. 2:' aUTrlTIl }..OYOTE:XVIK~ KOIV~ EiVQl ypa~~sva noMa aYlo}..oYlKa Kd ~E:va (nplv ana TOV 100 al.), aUTrlv XPIlOl~onol£l 8E:00wpo<; 2:TOU OlTIl<; OTIe; Kau)XI70£1r; (o~l}"i£<; npoe; lOU<; 1J0vaXOUe; TIl<; Mov~e; 2:TOUO[OU) Kal Tie; £m01o}..s<; TOU, aUTrlv E:mMyouv 01 ouyypa¢£i<; KE:I~SVWV nou O)(E:1[~OVTQl ~E: Til oloiKIlOIl TaU Kp6TOU<; (KAT]TOpoA6 YLO TOU rtJ1Ao8tou), Til OTPOTIWTlK~ npaKTIKrl (TaKTlKO, NaU/laXIKa) KQl TIlV E:KKAIlOIaOllK~ VOll08£Oia (Kavov£<; Iuv6t5wv). AUTrlv T£}..Oe; OIOTllpEi Kal MylO<; aUToKpaTopa<; KWVOTaVT[Vo<; nop¢upoysv VIlTO<; OTa £YKUK}..onQlOIKOU xapaKT~pa spya TaU. H y}..WOOlK~ ola ¢op6 av6~£Oa OTO MYlo npOO[1l10 TWV spywv KQl Ta anoon60~OTa ana a}..}..E:<; nIlY£<; nou aKo}..ou80uv dVQl npo¢av~e;. 0 Kwvo1Q VT[VO<;, aIJwe; , olKalo}..oyEi TIlV aVOIJOIOIJOp¢[a 01l}..WVOVlO<; 01l

°

°

XPlloq.lOnO[llo8 Tllv onM K08rl~8plV~ yAWooO (KQ8W{llA17/-l€VT) ¢p6 ale;) YlO va dVOl oOqJ~e; KOl 8UKOAIl OTIlV KOTOVOlloll. Ol 15loqJopte; nou nopouOlo~8l 11 YAWoOlK~ ~opqJ~ TWV 8m~tpoue; T~Il~OTWV TOU tpyou TOU Iwovvll MOAQAO OqJdAOVTOI 8v158Xo~€vWe; oTO 15l0qJ0P8TlKO npoTuno nou XPIl0l~ono[llo8 YIO Til oUYYPOqJ~ Tile; XPOVOYPOq>[oe; TOU OPlo~tvO o~we; OTOlXdo onaVTOUV 08 OAOKAIlPO TO tpyo. 0 MOAOAOe; OVTloT£K8TOl ouv~8we; OTllv TOar Tile; OIl~WOOUe; yAwoooe; va ~8TOTptLjJ81 TIlV KOTOAIlE;1l -OV TOU 8V8PYllT1KOU OOp[OTOU 6' 08 -a (dna OVTi elfTOV, ijyaya OVT[ ijyayov, efTWa aVTi t:fTwov), ~8pIK€e; qJopte; o~we; 8VOI08l. LUYXUar 8nIKPOT8[ OTIl XP~ar TOU oop[ OTOU KOl TOU nopoK81~tvou, 0 onoloe; o)(ll~OTI~nOl, onwe; KOl 0 un8p oUVT€AIKO<;, ~8PIKt<; q>op€e; n8plqJpaoTlKO (ci/-li + ~8TOX~ OOplOTOU ~ 8v8OT6na). L8 OPI0~£V8<; n8ptffiW081<; XPIlOl~onOld KOl ~noY8v£ OT8pOU<; Tunou<; TOU ci/-li (eoo OVTi rOel) KOl TIl<; ~8TOX~<; TWV PIl~O TWV 08 -/-ll (0600<; OVTI aoue;, erjoae; OVTi ede;, OTrjoae; OVTI OTOe;). LUXVO ~8ToTptn81 TO W TIl<: KOTOAIlE;Il<: TOU nOpOTOTlKOlJ TWV n8pl anW~8VWV PIl~6TWV 08 au (€/-l8Ai:rouv OVTi €/-lE:A€TWV, rjnarouvro OVTI nnaTWVTO). EE;tAIE;1l nopOTllpdTOl Kat OTIl XP~ar Tile; ~£TOX~e; nou 80 OOIlY~08l OTllv QKAITll V£O£AAllvIK~ ~£TOX~ 08 -ovme;, 0 MOAQAO<; XPIlOl~onold TIlV OlTlOTIK~ £VlKOU TOU OP08VlKOU y£voue;, OV£E;OPTIl TO ono TO ytvoe; TOU unOK8l~tvou Tile; (TO A£ilj.Javov Dvm). LuyxuOIl 8nIKPOT£[ KOl OTIl XP~OIl TWV npo8t08wV iv KOl cie;: iv + OOTlK~ XPIl Ol~onold YlO va 0IlAW08l TIlV K[Vlloll npoe; Tono, £vw de; + OlTlOTlK~ YlO va 8KqJP0081 Til OTOOIl O£ Tono.

()woorJLo, 0 fJaotkiJ, is~m J.afJEiv yuvai;w d, yapov. "ai WJ.J.£t Tn alnov aOcJ"py llOUAXf.f?i(X rfi [)wJroivn, ovon JrO{}OEv(1J, fin, ({Jt).ovua rol' [OWl' aVTiI, aod({JrJv oVJ. d?,aro yap7J(}ijvai TLVL' [...] "ai cbrev amy 0 aVTo, [Jaot ()WOOOtO, EyW Ouw, d dJ{}ll' POt vcwrE{}av cVPO{}({JOv Jravu, L'va rowvwv "aUo, piJ i!xn YIMI Ei, Kwvuravnl'ovJroJ..!v [ •••] xai aX7J"owoa rama iJ /)/'mrot· va OovJ.xc{}ia Jruvruzov £JrCIJl/!c JrC(J/£{!yat;opi:Yq, Iwavvlj, Mttlal.o.c;, X{}ovOY{!(J.(piu, 352.13-353.5 (ix/). L. Dindorf).

w,

).cv,

on

o

;3aowlui, eWOOOLO, t;1)WVOE ,UUl yuvaixa yw va T1)V navTi?EVrEL Kat EvOXJ.OVOE T1)V aodrpJj WU, T1) OEonolva JTou),XEi?{a, nov Jjwv nOi?Oiva "at ana "1)1' ayan1) T1)r; yw roy aoc).rpo r1), dXE nQorl.fJJ10£! va !i1)V Jwvrl2cvTcL [·.·1 KQl r1)r; dJr£ {ow, j3oo,)to.r; 19wooowr; Of),w, (LV ,uov {3QEt, !ita via no}, 0P0l2rp1), nov 0pota T1)r; 0P0I2TtrJ. va !i1)V iX£! XOPUl yuvaixa aT1)v KwvowvnvovJCoA1). [... ] Kat TO
°

°

v

on

To erno tOv [waVYll MaAo),a EivaL 1] aQXaLOtEQ1] ~u~avn v~ XQovoYQaq;io nou [.la<; eXEL OW8Ei O)'"Eliov o),o)(i.~Q1]. o auYYQmpEo<; t1]S cpaivEtaL on XOtayl"taL ana t1]V Avno X€lO XaL e~1]oE ClJtO t1]V Enox~ tOv Avamooiou (4~1-518) WS t1] ~OOtAEiu tOu IouOtivou B' (565-578). LtO nOQonavw onoonao~ta ItEQLyQarp€l t1]v ava~llt1]o1] VUljlll<; yta tOv uUToxQaloQCI. 8w06oLO B' (408-450). To Q~/-lO OXJ,w av XO.l XCl.VOvIXa CTUV1aooETOl fLE olttattx~ EOlO EXEl OVn)\El~lEVO OE OOt~)(~. 0 oUVOEO/-lO; dir; XQ110l[.l0 nOlEllaL ~Li aL1LOAOYLXII ~'£10Xl1 yta va EXCPQo.OEI vnOXEljIE VlY.~ amoAoylo. 0 Mo),a),a; tOv XQ1]Ol[.lOnOlEl aOloxQLW, OXO/-l1] XC!l 01' 1] umo),oylu ELVOl avtlxEl/-lEYlXI1· To £ir; + aL 1lCmx~ XQ'l0l/-l.onolEL1aL UVTL toU tv + oonx~ yta va OTj),w aEl 11] Ola01] OE lana. H o1]fLOaLa TWV UV1WVU~Ll(iJv eXEl awvLaEL XaL Yl' UU10 a MClAoAa; XQT]Ol~lOnou" 61'0 OvrWv1!fLLE<; (rov lOWV aunlr; aod
(%1)%ouia.

Xpuoo VOIlIOIlC TOU cUTo_pilTopc e£o~ooiou B' (408-450) (Ae~vc, NOlllOllCT1KO Mouo£io). XPUOO vOlllolla T~C; aUTO_poTtipaC; nou~X£picC; (450-453), TOU 0EO~ocriou B' (Ae~vo, NOlllCllallKO MOUOEio).

c~£~tp~C;

L:O
143

KA80MI,IOYMENH

KAI

iPA<1JOMENEl:

H rAnIIA TnN ArlOAOrlKnN KEIMENnN o "Bioe; TOU 'Ayiou

ntrpou» OTO MryvoA6ylO TOU Iu~£wv TOU

'.

Ms TOV OpO OylOAOylKO n OylOYPOCPtKO K£lJ.lSVO XopoKTIlpi~oVTOl YSVlKO TO K£l Tia, MapKlav~ BI6AloeI'iK~), J.l£vo nou oVOCP£POVTOl an) ~wn KOI mil AOTp£lO TWV OYlWV, TtTOlO KsillSVO l€ vOl TO MopTlJpIO (ollAOon 01 OCPllyno£le; YIO TO 1l0pTUplKO 80VOTO TWV ayiwv), 01 BiOI Ov yag Ill' I,bro ravrollarov vOllioEtf:v w; rov VE%(}Ov V1tO

TWV OOlWV 1l0VOXWV, 01 0CPllynos1e; Yla TO bEJuplVOe; ix;colllaO~vat, ovbi rLVOe; aiJr{iJ rUme; i(}ya(Ja

/livI,e;, "On IIEv ya(} r{iJ ovn &J.cpie; avrol' wrxaVEt r~e;

80ullora, 01 ljJuXWCPSA£le; olllyf]osle;, 01 (jaM-aU//<; i§LW:y;cwv, Ov d(}ryrw r(Jo1tOY, oacpiararov

OpOO£le; (XPIlOIlOAOYlKou XOPOKnlPO E[val bo;
,\,0' ilt: :nf'N -r:r'''.I,(: K£lIlEva), Ka8we; Kat nAf]80e; oMwv nou roD rowiJrov .-wu/Oa/lEvwv. Kai aiJroe; bi: En ~ ;wlboe;

, )"V({ UH:YOvLrl~'1':r ovacp£povTal O£ nOIKIAa 8£IlOTO Tile; 8PIl olba MOIIEYOY br' avr{iJ, 00 ro aX(Jorddmbv ion robE"

)-. rQfy1~~OV 'T'-U...,et..• ·/rt:>c:'r.""\I.
' 'j""'~f'iJ'7··:JI'I'~V ',l,,/" T"_;P;'rv;J'?)~~,W".A,,' l~i:rv£voE rpigwv bri yab",.

KOI AOTpEUTlKWV XwpWV, O£ OVOK0J.lIO£e; . -..
f', ,l"~-UJT~'7T1'?':-~

OpOIl£e; EX8pwv, as 8EOIlIlVl£e; KOl CPUOlKO -1·~,J.A,... -1f'''; To 1(E4-
.

",nC

~H(If.l"T'W(T1.A..UDJ'j,

~

~T:;'f~',~;:?S/;~, '--o.J

II •.",.:.,

144

U "'I, .,,.;,/,.,..:'

H ~rHJlO nou npoKA~SllK£ Olllv napooooll Tll<; aYlOAOYIK~<; AO yon:xv[a<; ono Tllv nops~60011 aUTTl TaU LU~£WV siVQL ovunoAaylOlll. OO~YllO£ ~olpa[w<; OTllV aXPllO[o KQL OTll A~Sll TO nOAQLOTSpa AalKa Tpona KsL~sva, nou OSV OVTlypOIjlOVTOV ma, ylaTi OSV TO Sswpouoav snlarl~a. XoSllKav STal nOAUTI~OTOTO TSK~~PIO 11'1<; aYloAoYIK~<; AoyoTsxvia<;, nou Sa slXav, SKTO<; ana TO oAt-a, Kat ~SYOAO YAWOOlKO sVOlaljlspov, W<; ~Vll~sLa Tll<; O!llAOU!lSVll<; yAwooa<;, onw<; !lnopOU!lS vo SIKOOOU~S ona TO Aiyo npO!l£TO¢POOlIKO KsL!l£VO nou nsplowSll KOV. AVTlnpOOWnSUTIKO npOj.lSTa¢pOOTIKO KsLj.lSVO j.lS YAWOOIKO svola¢spov S[VQL 0 Bioe; TOO ayiou noprpupiou emoKorrou r6~T]e;, 01 BioI TWV XoAwv 6yiwv (Lu~swv LOAou KQL Avopsou LOAou), 0 BioC; TOO aaiou <1JtAapi:TOu TOO 'EAu7J10vae;, KAn. nSplSXOUV nMSo<; AS~SWV KQl Tunwv Tll<; O!llAOUilsvll<; EAAllVIKr']<; Olllv KwvOlavTlvounoAll KOl OTO OOlIKO KEVTpa Tile; AVQTOAr']<;. nOAt-s<; ona TI<; AS~SI<; OUTS<; Sni 61wvouv W<; oTlilspa ~ 6011S0UV OTl1V SPj.lllv£lo TOU ypail~oTlKOU Tunou ~ Tll<; OlWOO[O<; nOAt-WV M~swv npOKSITOI YIO sva 0At-0 OV£K !l£TOAASUTO OKO!lll OPUXsLO M~£wv KQL 0llj.laOIWV, nou 0XI j.lOVO So nAOUT100UV TO SAt-llVlKO AS~lKO, OAt-O Sa 6011S~00UV KQl OTll AUOll nOAt-wv YAWOOlKWV np06All!lOTwv.

?'" ' .~. I eai ,klI.OP-uTIi

1'·;"1,

01 AYIOI 0£oowpol (()£oowpoe; 0 ITpaT~AilT~e; KCl 0 ()£oowpoe; o T~pwv) KaTa6oAAOUV TOUe; 0pOKOYT£e;, fTOU au~6oAi~auv TO TTV£u~a Tau ~aKOU (KpIjTll, Moylj TOITAou).

KaruJ)over{/. {j£ xarw E!,5€1'

i)JOJ{! o).!yov

xat tnjua, rol'

imrov X{!o; rliv ;tlIY~l' ciaij)J}cv xa-rw. Kat }afJ(~v v/lW{! t~,;;.Ul'V xai brorw€ 'TOl' ,JrJrOv, 1{)wv 6 b{!axwv r~v XO{JI/V w{Jaiav rri ij).,Y.ifl. xai EvpogtpOEtJ,i nil' 61/JlII xai Jrllyxa ).01' Jrlivv ii{Jol').ijOlj ag:JCa(J(fL avrijl' [... J.

«To lIulifl« Tij~ OQUZO\'TOXTO\'t«; TO;;

Ayiou flflJliwQou

TO;; TiWt>lVOl;"

(A. cta Salle/orum Novembrif, lV, 47 A).

EV(naCjJf'(>01' ltaQoucn.6tcc

1]

XQ!lCllJ lOU

aOOE1'ly.cl)

TIl; l.lnOX1~ liE 1.!;rOKElll€VO yE1'O L'~ lhj).1)Y.O "

lunou

(%/ rEJ.Ouvua,

oliow;, i),(j<1J1'). L(1'CIL (JUCjJl'lC; IlaQluQLa y,a T1]1' 111, ClQXn(o.; fllWx1i£·

€~aOeEV11011

o A6avaalOe;, 0 IOPUT~~ Tile; ~ov~~ T~e; M£yiaT~~ Aaupa~,
GEOXAPHZ liETOPAKHL:

145

KAeOMIAOY~'ENH

KAI

,PAilJOMENEl:

"ME TO AYXNO TOY AITPOY" (TO KONTAKIO) l:rjW{JOV >I{lEfJtirat bri ~u).ou

6 EV iitlaaLv rr,v yiiv >lpEfJaaaq·

arE!pavov i~ ri.xavOwv Jrq;nrlOEwL

6 rwv ri.Yl'i).wv paadwq·

l/!WlJl/.TOjl!pvpav JrE{lLfJa)J",wL

6 JrE{JLfJaUwv rOv oV{Jav6v tv VE!pE}""lq'

ga:J1LafJa >lardii!;aro

6 tv lo{ltlaVfI iJ.EUIJEflwaaq rov'AbafJ'

ij}.mq Z!!OCT1]AW01]

6 vvfJlfJio, rii, E>lx},TJaia,·

Uran ixcvrrjOq

6 vio, rij, Jra{JOEvou.

nt!orr",uvoiJfJtv aov naOTJ, X{}/(Jri, i5Eilgov i}fJ1V "ai rr,v fvbo~Ov aov avaaraalv.

ra

(W. Christ -1\1. Plltlmikas. Anlhologia, cr. 91). L:rjflEQa 'lQ<}UITCLL aE aravQo aVTo, nov 'lQE/woE TTJ 1'TJ ow voaw' rpo[!d ayxriO,vo aurpavL ara paUui aVTOe; nov (!luqJEVUVEL rove; a1'yi?ove;· TVAiyErCLLfL£ 1/JElmxTJ nOQrpvQG avro, aOV ~wVE' pc w VErpTJ '(0 OTE[!Ew.ua· vmi,uELvE xaQTEQLxa TO QaiCwfla amoe; nov ),VTQUJOE TO )'Evoe; TUJV avOQwnUJv .LiE fJriJr(wpa orov nowflo IOQr!avTJ' %aQrpWOTJXE oro sv),o fJE 1w(J!pla o Nvprpioq TI,e; E%%A'}oiae;'

xevTljOq%( [iC ,lorxTJ

o ViO, TIl'; llu(jOEvou

Ta rraOTJ .-r(JOO'l1)VO!)/lcV oov, X(JLrJrE,

rpaviQwaE pae; %aL TlIV ivooSTJ Avaawarj (lrJV.

To TQorra.Qlo rile; LWUQWOEUle; ElVCU Eva cwo ro. OE1{Cin€VTE Ctvrirpwva )1;OlJ \VO),),ovrCLl OTOV og()go I~e; M. naQao)QWTl1 TO\I jJ'[)),lXOll O1:OlXEiou OT~V lJllvoygUtplo. :TOlJ 0'1AWV€l. %at 1'11' ngUlq.lOUI1:a 'lOlJ V~'V01J. LIEI' Eivm ~Er\wo av 0 Ull voe; ELVCLl Egyo TalJ KlJQu,)"ou A),",~av oQEiae; (_444) I'] 100 LwcpQovioo IEgoOO),UIl(J)V ( 634/631\).

nOpoaToa~

TOU Pwpovou TOU MCAW~OU aTlr; TOIXO ypoq>icr; TOU Ko80AIKOU T~r; Mov~r; lTOupovlK~TO (AylO 'Opor;), EPYO TOU YVWOTOU ~wypoq>ou T~r; KP~T1K~t; IxoA~r; 0coq>ov~ ITpcAjT~a, 0 Pwpav6r; C1Kovi~£TOI aTOV OT£v6poKpa xwpo nou ~raTj8ETOI aT~v npoeca~, OLjlOU OTO KEVTpO unoPXEI POKpOOTEVO TO~WT6 pove,060 napoeupo. ITO 60PEIO ~IOXWPO E1Kovi~CTOI 0 npWTopOpTUpOr; ITtLjlovor;. H aUp"OpOOTaa~ lWV Mo aTO IEp6 B~po EivOi auv~e~r; OTa CIKOVOYPOLjlIKO "PO ypeppmo 6u~ovTlvwv KOI PETa6u~ovTIVWV EKKA~alwv.

146

H apxaiK~ XPlmlavIK~ £KKA'lOLa, an6 wlopaOl1 T'le; 10uoaiK~e; AOTpd ae;, £larlyay£ VWpLe; CJT'l A£ITOUPYIK~ npaE;'l TOUe; UJ.-IVOUC;, ~OUOlKonOl 'lTlKU ooE;oAoylKU K£i~£va. EvbaE;£ wiOl1e; OTO A£lTOUPYIKO TumKO Tile; TOUe; lJ}OApOUC; TOU npOep'lTOVaKTOe; 6a6io, nou npoo
avomuE;'l mpoeplKoU ~ouOlKonol'lTIKOU OUOT~ ~aTOe;- A
o

EVTunwOlaK~ slVal a¢£VOe; 11 npOTi~l1ol1 OTOUe; m:pl¢paOTLKOUe; TlJnOUe; eXE:1V, IJtAA£IV ~ elVQI + ~nx., wi napaosly~aTl: 8XW ... oou A£uwv, ~v yauplwv, KTA, Kal a¢£Ttpou 11 OIE:UPUVOll XP~O£WV Tile; UnOTaKTlK~e; E:Ksl onou napOUOla~OVTQl unOXWp~OE:le; OTle; clAAE:e; E:YKALO£Ie;. 2:Tll OuvTa~11 aOTcl8E:IQ napOUOlcl~£lll 60TlK~, E:VW E:V1OXUE:

TQl 11 XP~Ol1 Tlle; Y£VLK~e;. 'OAa Ta p~waTO £UVOOUV TllV KaTQV011011 TOU KOVTaKiou ana Ta E:UpUTE:pa KOLVWVIKa OTpW~aTa. MyOL, Kupiwe; ooy~aTLKoi, ouvt:6aAav OTllV napaK~~ TOU KOVTa KLOU nou apyaT£pa YVWPL~E:1 OTll AE:LTOUPYIK~ npcl~l1 TTl OUVTPll0ll 'O,TI ani;~E:lvE: ana Tie; p£YclAE:e; ouv8toE:le; T11e; aK~~e;, TO OTPOCPIKcl OUOT~~aTa TOU 60u aI., 6p[OK£TQl o~~E:pa OTOV 'Op8po nplv ana TO 2:uva~CIpl TOU aYLOU Tile; E:OpT~e; we; KOVTOKtOV, 011AQO~ we; tv ouv61jJ£1 uIJVOC;. To povo KOVTclKIO nou napt~£lv£ aKt:pQlO OTll A£ITOUPYIK~ XP~Ol1 slVQl 0 :4KoB1OToC; YIJVOC; yLa OPLOlltvoue; npr.'llpo, YlQ CIAAOUe; aLjJLpo, yLa TOUe; nE:pLOOOTE:pOUe; navTWe; IlE:AE:T11Tte; tpyo TOU PWlla YOU TOU ME:AWOOU.

"ai ri rptJovfl"ofHJIV

oi lsw l')POVV1:E,; oi "EJJ.'lvcC;; ri rpaV'CIi~ovrw TepO, A.parov rov rpwxaraparov; ri TeMvwvrw Tepo,l1J.arwva; ri LJ'lPoaOiv'lV aripyov(J! rovaaOcvij; ri p~ voovmv "OP'l{Jov O"El.pOV rit;>y6v; ri IIvOayo{Jav Opv).}.ov(J/.v rov i'Jlxaiw, rpLllwOivra; ri i5i p~ Tep0!Jrpi:(ovmv m(Jfwovrc, 0[, tvcrpaviufJ'l rcavaylOv 1fVf:Vpaj

ri rpvawmv "ai (Jop(Jiov(J(Y

ro

PW'I(LVO~ Mf},wM~, "YpvOL, LT.

265, (Ez/'). P. Maas • C. A, Trypnnis).

flQor; ri '1,,;,ovwwlJ'v 01 aV0'lWI tOvlJwi;

[Lari JrEQ'lrpCLvEv01'rat xat OOQvf3ovv Ol EU'IVEr;;

[Lari XOIJ.J[a~ovv liE rov AQara rav rQWXCLraQCLro;

[Lari CLXO),OVOovv r'lv 1/JEVOOOL(jCLxlj YOl! flAarWl'CL;

[Lari arEQYovv rov aoOEvlj !J'IpOaOEv'l;

fiari JraQavoovv rol' 'O/I'IQo, OVEIQO CLJrCLr'l)'O;

[Lari OLCLACLAOVV rov flvOCLyoQCL nov OiXCLW IpIJ1W0'lXE;

nari OEV EQXovrw, xw va nLOuvaovv, a' CLVral), JrOl! cpwrWE

TO flCLvayw flvEVJ1a;

o D~VOc; «ElS Tilv ayLav []EvTllltOm;~v»

nagf.)',El owv PLO~(I. vo TllV EultaLQLa va TOVLCJEI TllV l'7ffQO)',li ,LOV erf,Hl0!(rvUJv lJJTO ,0 JrCLvaywv 711'f:V/IO., 01 vEOL GOepOL ;WI g~TOgcS ~LOfhl TES TOU XgIOTOU bev Xg£l()~OVTOl nlv i~U! oocpia, Tll Oltf.1jJ11 ,LOV ! ,;,,),~vLOv, yLa va OT1lQLSOVV 10 x~Q1Jwa TT1S ;ti,OHIS. o aauvaLQHoS Tlf:l(H; i~O,uf3EOVatV aVTlllQooWll€DH LCJUJS Evav «ILOVCOf'O» TllS E),/..11v'Onx.~s KOLV~S· H mJVTfJSll TIlS llgo8w'lS nQor; + amanxli (;rQo~ 'JIoarov, Jrooe; n;,arw1'r/.) aVTl GOnXl1S 11 u)'i:'1S ::Q08em:~s CJTlI,oy~S £!mbnEL 0,1; yEVL xOTEgES TUOHS tOl, 60u aI. ltC/.l all<; llOlXi),ES CT!rVTUXnXf.s aXEGas nou ,€[vouv va EX(PQCt~OUv OL ngoBi:oELS,

1/ :W(JOL'vOr; (J1wpov

ro

xai ~ y~ a;r1AaLOV 1ii'YtJ.0L Ilau. lCOLlli:vwv paYOL /H perU. a(Jrigo,

Ot' ~lltir; yitp naLMov viol',

rov vlr4!ov(Jwl' rLinCl, r0 cl.1rgoairf/J JTpo(Jayfi' i5ogo}.()yovaL, bi5mrco(!ov(J/' iycI'vljOI/ {) .T(!O alliivwv Oco,. P(')IlaVI)~ MEkuH\6·, "1'1'1'0', (1.1, (f.•. b, P. "lllas· C. A. frypllni,).

2,1)WQCL'1 flCLQOivor; rr.'{l1'Et aTo!' xoapo aUTOv nov (3Qluxrrat rrQvUJ OJt' rov X()(JJ.LO %01 CfllJ t'I),;j, XL 'I '1'1 JrQOOrp.'(lCL 11/ OJr'lAW. a' w;,.,iv )WV OEV PJroQEL Kawir;" aYY£~EL' OL aYYE),OtlLE rov; pOOKOVr; V1jJLVIlOVI' val'vv<; am fho, "LOL ,uayoL OOOlJ[oQovv (lXO),OVOWVfCLr; r" aor(!o. Tw XaQ'I p"c. ytlll'J)O'lXE 0 pIXQOr; XeL(J10r;, a JrQOWt1.1l'iOr; eEOr;.

EIKOVOYPOIjl~O~ TOU I' olKou TOU 'AKOOioTOU OTO X£,p6ypoljl0 T~, oUUoy~c; Garrett 13 (
To l:gonuQlO ,LOV XgIOlOVYCVV("V' GEV eivOi :rugll. to JrQooi ILI01' TOV "KoV((xiou 'lis XgWTOU rEWli(>£Ul~", :rou GX'1PC1. tL~EI Tl!V uxoo01:~XioC1. TOY TAI1EI~OY PQMANOY 0 YMNOL To XOVTUXIO E)',H elxoa~ Tf.aa€ClLS OIXOVr; (01:(!0 cpir;) :tou 01Jvoeovtm [.L£ XOlVO [fp"'L1'w: natoiov ,'iov, <5 JrQo (llwl'OJv eEOr;. 0 PW~l(lv6<; C/xO;,01JOEl T11v u€ oyyEI,1XI1 O:qJ~Y'l011, EWUYEL WOTOOO XaL oQI/.J!!Eva VEOqJ«V,'! 60~"W,l xu OTOlXelf/. (IJllfQ0110Wr;, (l-<1Qomw;, b lLQV alwvOJv Bto,).

BAIIAHI KATIAPOI

147

KAGOMIAOYMENH

KAI

,PAillOMENEl:

o ATTIKIIMOI (7oe;·1 Ooe; AU'lNAI)

IT~ ~IKpoYPo
Xpo

voypo",ia~ TOU Iwlivv~ IKuAh~~ naploTov£TOI 0 naTpliJpx~<;

¢(j1Tl0<; aTO aplGT£p6 ~tpo<; tv8povo<;, naipvovra<; ~tpac; O£ ~Ia 15~~aolO oU~~T~OTl (Ma5piT~, E8vIK~ BI6AI08~K~).

TQI ITAITAl NIKOi\AQl

H OUV~X8Ia ~ 11

'R~i;rf'(Jov cll!t/l"I/~r:; tw~r:;' igbTEUOY ya},~V7/r:; YAvI/Elar:;'

K~ nalBda KQTO TTl BIopK<:la TWV "OKOT8IVWV QlWVWV», 1J8TO~U BIlAaB~

i~brwov

~o~tJr:; [ .••} i4i~'TEUOY 't:~r:; rpiAtJr:; qmriiar:;,

Iii I
't:~> ~aOa(!a.r:; blEiI'I/; I/ai IIIJiUTtJr:; Il£fa nov Jr}·tJuiov uvv ovuiar:;, ri;r:; aAvJrov I/ai (iboJ.ov xai aVEm.Jr}.~l/rov qvy

i

avarrr:t!olptj; [... AAJ.a Jrwr:; olav fl tum ae5al

Eyxo.riAEt1/!a It to. EtQ/lv"oi ~w/i, EYiwrafLI/Jo. I'W yo.A~VII yE,UG.r7J y},vX'vrtJra, Eyxari},Et1jJa udo'le; tI/ Otaory,u6r1lra .. EyxariAEII/Ja DlV JrQoorpJ.ft ,uov '1oo.yJa, avrft r'lv oyvft Xat W%clQLOr'l ovl'avaorQocpft rwl' Ol"EiWI' 1'00., ovrft TIl lWQie; JJmI7, vnoAoyt~u6 "at ,lw,urpie; 07Jory .. 17we; ELVOt oo.1lar6 1'0 {3},imt "avde; va XclVOl'rW o),a avrci XWQir:; va OTEVa~Et; 'Orav f,ueva oro OJrirt /1-00., Y.OAo.,lLTOVOa ILioa orryl' JflO TEQlrvft EVXClQ[or'l0l7, (JAinovrae; TO ~JjAO EY.Eivwv nov olrovoa~ov, TIl ~iol/ o,,[vwv nov iOEraV cQwl/ioEte:;, Tl7V xQoOVjtia Ey.dvwy nov (CTUvrovoav .. ftart' rflOwe:; i/rav 0 %oQoe:; nov aVxvO~E oro onirt /100. Kat OWl' i(Jyot va Yta va nG.w orry1l aVlOxQolOQ"ai av},ft, 6;rwe; ylv6rav ouxva, ,tiE onoXWQElOvoav I'E rQono avyxtV/lrtXO y.a, I'E naQoy.w,ovoa v l'a ,ul/v OQYl/OW.

METCrCPQ· M. NU(Hal;oJT01JAOU-nEAEXLOOU

H EJlLcnO)')l (11),[~ cHa)'flEv11 Xl/O, TOV lIClJrCl NlXOAao A' (858·867) 6ivEl Ilt: ooqnlvuCl TO O'ClYflCl {~, 1tVEUfLaU·I.~' 1tOQELct, TOU (j)W{lOU OE fllCLv E1tOX~ OQLO.X~, OHI,\, EXll {CI.E!. llj(JEl, 01tWC; ,/grirpEl 0 P. Lemerle, 11 0XEuxll WTOI10VW0111WV XgOVlwno, xm ClvCl.yxCr1;ETm va CI.Hasel TQono SWljs

aOUV~X81a OTIlV anlKIonK~ napoBoOIl KQI OTIlV KAaOl

60u KQI 80u al., anOT£Ad avnA<:YOIJ£VO OlllJdo Tile; ~p<:UVoe;. H 1J8P1K~ ~AA<:I\jJ1l nllYWV -Kupiwe; 8K<:ivwv nou unooTi1PI~av 8IKOVOlJaXIKEe; ano\jJ<:Ie;- O<:V <:mTpEn<:1 TIlV 8~aywy~ aoepaAWV OUlJn<:pOOIJOTWV. Em nAEOV 11 8KTiIJil01l Yla TO Ti 88Wp£iTOt aUT~V Tllv mox~ ono TOUe; Bu~aVT1VOUe; ouyypacpde; anlK101J0e; ~ anlK10TIKO uepoe; 8ivQI 0<: 1J8pl KEe; n<:ptnTWO<:Ie; BlaepopnlK~ ana au1l'1 TWV ouYXpovwv 8mOTIlIJOvWV. EivOt 6~6Q10 YSYOVoe; OTt IJ£TO TOV 8wepUAaKTO ItlJoKonll (IOTOpIKO nou ypOep<:1 OTIe; apXEe; TaU 70u at.) Kal TOV IT~epavo AA<:~av opEa (unOIJVIlIJOT1OT~ TaU AplOTOTEAIl OTOV 70 al.), 01 onolOi napalJE vouv oT08<:pa npOOKOMilIJEV01 OTllv OTTtKIOTIK~ napOBoOT], 1J0vo OTa KdlJ<:va TaU nOTplopXIl
nova

148

AVOIlEOa Ola A8stKO nou nOpOUOlO~81 0111 Bl6AIOBr'jKT) OUVKma A8V8Tai Kal TO 8PVO TaU AIAIOU 610vuoiou AAlKapvao08w<; (10<; QI n.X.), f\TT/KWV OVOPQTWV Trye; npwTrye; EKOOO£WC; Aoyol nEvT£, VLa TO onolo 0 un8P1laxo<; TaU a11lKLOIlOU nmpLoPX11<; VPOqJ81 01l 8lVQL LOLa 1 T8pa XP~OLIlO VW 8K81VOU<; nou 88AOUV va VpoqJOUV OUllqJWVO 118 TOU<; KOVOV8<; TWV A11IKWV OUVVPOqJ8WV. T11V OTItKI01lK~ napoooOll TaU
Jr.K«r K

-rr;

.,.J r arnrol'~UriJ f. u~KH;Ai~

~U 1<~l''II.i;T}· n ..u..uJf! ...... VI r'UJ~T;;'~ h{ ~

~

'Eva ano Ta o~~aVTIKoT£pa X£lpOvpa'l'a nau napaoioauv Ta tp ya Tau nMTwva £lvOi Ta X£,pOvpa'l'a Clarke 39, nou VplJo aVTIVP0'l'~K£ OTav 0 Apt8a" nou KaTavoTav ana T~V nOTpa, ~TOV OIOKOVOC; (O~,!,opo~, Bodleian Library, Clarke 39).

'{P,o~.~~~,l..a~~~~.U cvn;;
0, ° "~.6x'>'&}J,,:,,=r~ cnu..c.":>1.?"",: ""1>' 0-/ """f~J--V)r"w& ~. ou~:~~,!&-pTO~Po<.l"'_T~"~f'OS'iO""'¢pcr-uuo~

a1°u·.';'a:OfQ)~lJT1)lJG-p~~.~~,fi;&p~ ):~£:q'"'p ;,.ut'~t' OlJ T«>
~CCl:JbU~ho-: ~-nI£.OU"0r-6l'h.~1)1..1

~fv..A~",,,,,~;; ou~""",uhli-o<

~,.;,~:~.I.,.;",~o,,,~,=rW'~FYOI,,"k<~

o J.i 4"''''''''' G-x
-r1 ~"-Ou~~
-Iry=wn'~p~"'It"'/-""p~~·k.;:C"=-o?o"""""",,w

-roLa-'-/< P9'o'T1>«po<.yii--rn u~ '6
~~;;-rlFt<>rW~~!-",~ q-ydp TO U-rou'6url1ruM'...tr- ~G~ ~"""

~'f.."'~""t4:"~O'v&' ~","""·hO"'-raf>Jh',..k,,.6"';
•

3~: b;~~Ouaro-Pk-rt;; i;.t,.,i',;w~~,h
p;"'~pou,ko,p~&,,;..tr ~?Wrtrq--rntn-oo~drit....:. 'G:J."i'k,f-.y.;p ~'lm>~'-&' ~~"""-
~:(""'6-J~ph~'" OU~-r1~q."t'""ol""'Yoor'

ITEANQL TQL Em TOY KANIKAEIOY

Ti rfj JW{jEJ,xV(lE! vof)WEt; ri[v xapn rfj; bO(JE(vr; ...; ~

oux o[of)a ro oo
ypapltU., ;;
«wi
Haoa Xcl(Jtr; Xfl'£~, p"fJt5i JiyOLTO xli(Jtr;'"

xai TIl t5"fJPW{)f; muro «{Jpaoffa OOOt;, Ilamia XrJ.et.;;"

AQECll<; KaLoaQEia<;, EiHOtO).J1, 38.

fwd vo!hvw; ,UE TryV "a.f)vurE[J1WI/ r1) XaQci nov nQourpi QEt ro oWQo, 'H !J.1}llWr; o£v ~iQ[U; ro IJorpo Exdvo ;{(U llvEViwrwOEr; QIFO nov J..iEt." '01 X6.Q'I nov yi"Erw YQli/oDa £[vwmo y.lV!aa' av 6,uwr; G.QyJ}IJEl, xcie£ X6.Q1) ELvwpaTlwj xw flirrE eO. r'lv i).Eye xavdr; XciQII" ir avronov Uel 0 .la.or; «C)(vQo ;rov a(nd, dvw ,uclWW oo.'Qo».

o AgEElac UJTEvI311>'[~EI

OTOV LTEqJIlVO, UTTCtI,'.lli,O TlI£ allT ygCf.!'!WrELac;. T11V urroo'lf:'''i TaU va TOU 1.[ >lu8ouC; TaU Alownou, Tllv Xa8U(HEg~()11 tTl, an:ooTa),~~. IWU ~lHWVEl Tll xu.go. 10U, o X).,C(CJlXLCJT,1i<; Agtoa<; 111 CJxo),uii;,n a vacpEQOVTa<; iva olonxo "1<; llaJ.aw"/r; }1veo}oy[ar; Y,aL >"a q"J,'wTl nou XQllCJl/-lonOL01JaaV Ol Q'UYXQOVOL WU. ".QIlTaQ1X~C;

o naTploPX~, Kwv
"aU malv£lTOI Via TO u'l'O, TOU ana TOV ¢WTIO, £ival VVWOTO<; oX' ~OVO Via TO IOTOPIKO TOU tpvo, nou 'l'i:P£1 TOV TiT~O Xp VIKOV OUVTOPOV, oHa Kal VIO T~V £IKOVO'l'I~~ OTOO~ TOU. ITll ~IKPO vpac...6vI0 TOU O£ tV~£I~~ o£Bao~ou) T~V £IKova TOU XP'
L:O
149

KAeO~II\OYMENH

KAI

rPAOMENEf

AKPITIKA TPArOYAlA ...

niOTa ~( (IKOVOYPOtp~O~ TaU l\IY(V~. npOCPX(TOI oTtO Tie; ava O"otpte; T~e; A~(PIKOVIK~e; APXOIO~OYIK~ Ixo~~e; OT~V Koplveo KOI XpovO~Oy(iTOI OTOV 120 01. EVTU"WOlaK~ ~ rrop
KovgudJolJV oi Eagaxl/vo~ xougudJOVl' oi 'AgafJiue;,

xovgudJolJV rOv 'AvDgovtxOV xai :rai{!VoVl'.qv xalljv rou

£yyaUTgwIII:Vl/ Cvvlll Pl/VWV, wgae; va ycv1'IjUl/.

Err/v ipvlax.~v TO yCvvl/UE, UTa uiDfQa TO 0f!iipEL'

I; pava rou TO TliYll;E riJtr/.ovDw liE 1'0 ,Lila,

i] api(Jwua Ttl raYl~ l/JIXOVDw liE TIl p&

'H flaVa TOU rou (kiC ""A vli pOU, 1" Itl1o(Jovixov",

I; tipigwua rou c}£y£: "'A uii IIVu, r' tipLgli pou!".

X{!OVLOe; h"aUE u;caO~ xa! (j,iulC; X.Ovrti{!L

XL oral' braTl/UE rove; rgEi'r;, X{!anf:raL ;ca)J.//xIi.(JL,

Yioe; rou 'Av(jpOVtxOU, U't.l-lO (i:x/). 1:r. AM!;iolJ).

me;

ro

ro

LTO onOOltOO,lO «UTO altO 'tOV «Y[6 TO'U 'AVOQOVLXOUI> (nQuno !lWO tOU lOou m.), to ngoypouxCL yqovow. (mx !lUi.PIOlO ono TOU~ i\go~€<; HI; ov~uyou TOV AvbQoVlXOV) OUf!lrugovtOll.l.€ to lpaVtOOTLXCL (eOUflooni O(OflOTLX~ ava nTV~1l TOV V€agou yOVOD TOU AVOQOVlXOU). H ~lEOOlWVlX~ bll!,c.iJbll~ EXU n),Eov OU:'!lOgIPWf)El' OlCltllgOUVT{ll oglOflEVO OHJLXEiO Tl1~ ),OYLa~ yA(OOOrJ.~, onlJ)~ avoOIJtAooLaO~IO~, au ~110J1 ora gliflOtO, 0 Ti,'l~ vioe;, EVW xaQ{lxtllQlOTl){~ EivOll1 nagovolo tWV rrogay(oylX(:JV xaTO)"i~EIJ)V -irT/e; XOL -LUOO. To w:yit,w Jll8ovowtO bLUAElCtLXQ. 'AfliQLaoa: uul;vyoe; 1O'U a,uLQa, Tomxou cigo~a 'lyqLOvo, tjJLxovr),: lpixovJ.O !jJWI'IOV.

Paxt ((J~~(PIVO Raqqah) orOY EUtppOTq. AvciKTopo TOU Aapwv (Harum ar-Rashid), rraTtpo TOU a~rpWT. NTopa M~vaT~~).

---:-

Ta aKplTlKO Tpayouola (ana TT)

AE~T) aKpa nou OT)~alVEI OlJVO

po) anOTEAOUV TO naAOIan;pa

oEiY~OTa T)pWIKr']e; nOlT)OT)e;

nou Ilae; EX81 ow8d ana Ta

6u~avTlvo xpaVla. H 88

~anK~ TWV Tpayouolwv

WTlO~8TOI OTT) ~wr'] KOI,

KOTO KUPIO Aayo, TO no

AEIlIKO KOTop8wllaTO TWV

aKplTWv, TWV
TWV aVOTOAIKWV ouvapwv

TOU 6u~avTlvou KpOTOUe;,

OTT)V nEplOXr'] aVOllwa OTT)V

KannaoOKla KOI TOV nOTalla

EU¢pOTT). H aVaxalTlOT) TWV Apo

6wv, KUplOU EX8pOU TOU Bu~avTiou

ana TOV 70 we; Tle; apxEe; TOU 110u aI.,

anOTEAOUO£ TO 6aOlKa IlEAT)lla TWV aKplTwv.

Ana TO IlEOa TOU 90u aI., onOTE TO Bu~oVTlO ~EKIVO

TT)V npoOl108Ela Yla TT)V aVaKOTOAT)L/JT) TWV aVOToAIKWV Eoa¢wv nou

6pioKovTav uno apa6lKo EA8YXO, nAo80vTOI 01 npwTol 8pUAOI Yla Ta

KOTop8wIlaTa TWV nOAElllOTWV aUTwv Kl bOI Evae; 8EIlOTIKOe; KUKAOe;

yupw ana TOUe; aKplTEe; apxi~EI OlyO-OlYO va 1l0p¢onoldTal.

~u~¢wva IlE Eva ~OAAOV alvlYl..laTlKO OXOAIO TOU apXI£nlOKOnOU KOioapdae; Apt8a (t 935), r']oT) KQTO TOV 100 al. 01 na¢AayoVEe;, 01 Aa'iKoi paLjJwMi TT)e; EnOXrle;, yupl~av OTa EOO¢T) TT)e; AUToKpOToplae; « ... ciJ06.e; Tlvae; oUllnAooavT£e; mi8T) m:pI8xouoae; EVo6C;wv 6vopwv Ka( npae; a60AOV ¢OOVT8e; Ka8' £KOOTT)V oIKiav». ~Ta aKplTlKO Tpa youola, Ta onoia olaoloovTOV 11' aUTO TOV napaOOOlaKO Tpono, TO OTOIXdo TOU unEP¢UOlKOU Kal TO 10TOPlKO YEYOVaTa, OE OUVOUaol..l0 l..lE TOV npocpoplKO TOUe; xapaKTrlpa, auv8bouv Eva ~OAAOV aP~OVIKa

,-.so". :- ./~ .~~"-;-;''' ·~i

152

OUVOAO I1s uljJllM ouxva nOlllTLK~ sUQl08lloia. Ar::, 0lll1S1W8si OTL Ta nsplOOOTspa ana Ta Tpayouola ~oav 10IaiTspa OllI10¢IA~ KQI ow8ll Kav l1£oa ana Tllv npo¢oplK~ napoooOll I1£XPl aril1spa, ouxva at: napaMay£r::, nou an£xouv Olll1aVTLKa l181a~u TOUr::" Ka8wr::, I1syaAwvsl II anOOTaOll ana TO apXIKO aOlla' naVTWr::" Yla SAaXIOTa TpaYOUOla, onwr::, AX TOU API10UPll, £X0UI1S OTll 0Ia880~ l1ar::, KQI XSlpoypa¢a ana Tll 6u~avTLv~ nsplooo. 0 npo¢oplKOr::, xapaKT~par::, TWV aOl1aTWV dval al1£owr::, OPOTOr::, KQl OTll yAwooa TOUr::" II onoia sivQlll OI1IAOUI1£VIlTIlr::, snoX~r::, TOUr::" ouxvo I1s OlaASKTLKO O1Olxsia. Kma TOV 100 at. TO nsploooTspa ana TO aKPI1lKa Tpayouola sixav wr::, KUplO ~pWO TOUr::, TOV BaolAslo L'.IYSV~ AKplTll KQlTa unsp¢u OlKO TOU KOTOp8wl1aTa. To sni8810 oiY£v~e, (ana ouo yi:VI'), sMllVIKO KQl apa6lKo) anllXsi Ilia npaYl1aTLKOTTlTa OTIr::, Ta~SIr::, TWV aKplTwv, nOMoI ana TOUr::, onolour::, npo£PXOVTOV ana I1lKTOUr::, sMllvoapa61 KOUr::, yal1our::" l1aMov ouv~8slr::, OTOUe, TOTS ouvoplaKOUr::, nAIl8u 0110Ur::,. 2:TO T£All TOU 110u I1S apx£r::, TOU 120u at. £var::, ayvWOTOr::, MYlor::, Tllr::, snox~r::, OUV£AS~£ TO nOAuapl8110, KaTa TO ¢QlVOI1Sva, aal1aTlKO UAlKO nou KUKAO¢OPOUO£ Yla TOV BaolA£lo lllY£V~, TO 8nS ~SPYOOTIlKS Yla va npoxwp~O£1 £nslTa OTIl ouv8SOll £vor::, SKT£TOI1£VOU SnlKOU nOillTLKOU £pyou, I1s l1u8lOTOPlll1aTLKO xapaKT~pa, a¢ISpWI1£ vou OTOV llIYSV~. To noilll1a, 10 onoio I1S Tll oSlpa TOU 0llI110UPYllOS £vav KalvoupYlO KUKAO aKpl1lKWV TpayouolwV, nap£l1slv£ OyVWOTO wr::, TO 1875, onoT£ all 1100lSUTIlKS Yla npwTll ¢opo. To apXIKo KElI1SVO TOU £pyou OSV £XSI ow8d' o~l1spa dVQI YVWOT£r::, £~I napaMay£r::, TOU £nouc, TOU lllY£v~, Ot onoisr::, ola¢spouv I1S1O~U TOUr::, as nOMa Ollilda. 'ETm, II napaAAay~ TIlC, Grattaferrata (£AAllVOPpu8111lC, 110v~C, nOAu KOVT6 OTll PWl1ll) XWpi~81Q1 as OKTW Myour::, Kal II yAwooa TIlr::, nspI£xsl a¢80va AOyla OTolxsia, svw sKsivll TOU EOKOplaA, oa¢wr::, 6paxuTspll ana Tllv nporWOUI1£VIl, SIVat ypal1l1£vIl 0Tllv Ka80111AOU I1£VIlTIlC, £nox~c,· rVwp[~OUIlS Kat ilia ns~~ olaoK£u~ TOU nOl~l1aToc, ana TIlv 'Ava po, nou XPovoAoysiTOI OTO £TOr::, 1632 Kal 6pioK81Ql m'lI1spa OTO IlavsnloT~1110 880oaAoviKllr::,. KUplOr::, o~ovac, TllC, Ol~YllOllC, TOU £nour::, OTP£¢81at yupw ana TIlV npoowmKoTllTa KQI 10 nOASl1lKO KaTOp8wI1OTa TOU KSVTplKOU ~pwa, xwpir::, naVTWr::, va napayvwpi~ovTal Il KOTaywy~ TOU L'.IYSV~, o YQtlOC; TOU 1lE;T1I" ElJCOlzla (KOp1lTOU OipaTllYOU L'.ouKa), Ill10vol1a x[a TOu ~£ TTlV al.la~6va Ma~ll1w. ana 10 mo 'YVWOTa sn£loooia TOU nOI~l1aTOr::" ~ II n£plypa¢~ TOU avaKTopou TOU OTOV Eu¢paTll To £nor::, TOU L'.LYSV~ OSV anonV£Sl TO pWl.laA£O TOU U¢Our::, Kal Tll ¢p80Kooa TWV aKpmKWV Tpayouolwv Tl nQlosia TOU ouyypa¢£a Olal1oP¢Wo£ tva K£lI1£VO OTO onolo II AOyloouvIl, 0 napQlV81lKOe, xapaKl'~par::, Kal 01 napaxwp~oslr::, O1llV apXcii~ouoa (Grattaferrata) I1SI wvouv KOTa nOAu TllV al1800TllTa TOU. Ana Tllv aMll nASUpa, OSV nausl I1s TIlv napouola TOU va unoypal.ll.J[~sl Tll XP~Oll Tllr::, 0llIlWOOUr::, yAwooar::, OTllv £VT£XVIl nA£ov AOy01'£XVla, onwr::, 8a ¢av£1 KaAuT£pa OTa XPovla nou 8' aKoAou8~00uv ..

o

Kai WOlX; 0 '1>rl,o;r:amwi!e; )larip,()E:V EX roD i';rJrou, u;r:aOiv apapf:VOe; amoi! apa )lai a(1Jri~a, rpavwe; dlTijJ.Of: Jrgoe; Epi JHo~ua'!JE E}Jd~wv. elXf: xai yiJ.p we; aJ.1/0We; ogp"v aV~pEtOfll.rI/V, xai a;raOiav /10V ~wuavroe; rpava de; ro uxovrapr v, b rfi Xf:/iJi ro xparl//1a /10vOlI/10r aJrf:h:irr C'I. ~vo avrupwYl/uav avrrxpve; xaOopwvr r ;. "AU/Jv piav, l/J,lo;r:amwiJ yit/o," pOU, roy E;riO! ~". '0 Ji: aiio'e; (JuuJ.o!JF;Vo; rr,v u;ra0'll' al'ar<:i'v(u, rfi gaf3liPJ )lara Xf:(paA~e; roiJwl' EyO) ;rarauuw, ravrl/Y Erpv}.arn xaOoAou ro ar.ovrap,v, xai, d UWOV ovx EPf:YE:V OaTOVv i" avrfi 7:0 ;raga;rav. LJlyE:V"e; :·'!.xpirl/e;, (nU~UA)..UYli Grotln(cmlla) VI 215·226 (txb. J. Mnvro~ordato).

r"v

0,

/1"

Kai iyJ.,jyopa EJr"lil/uE:V a;ro a},oyOl' tov xai uVpyn ro u;raOirarl' rov xai uVvropa Exari(J,1" )/ai WaTf: va .'Tagw TO uJTaOiv EX roi! /it'vlipoiJ r:T,1' f!il;av) uJraOiay piay pi: EJwxEV d; TO XegouxourciplY xai qrov 0 yigwv ilwaroe; xai ro atlpav rOll XaLVOV{J'IIOV )/ai pOliaxov ro %parl/pal' aJrOpElvE; d, ro x4!'v' rov uxouwgiou wa"iu/lara Drwav ip1r!!oa()iv IIOU. Kai rOrE roy tIa}.l/uay: "
Lta rrugc.ma.vw urroorra.o,LLCltO ELVUl EpCpovtls tOGO 0 XOL' vos m'Q'·jvo.s TlOV ouo Jwgcl),,),aywv 000 XUl '1 on6(J1'aol\ rrou n; XWgl~EI. H JWQaA)"aYli TIl; Grottaferrala Olat1lQEl l'oxu'Lrrtwi Y)"W()()LX1i oO~Lli, ,Ul' uQzEni ),1';LO'1OLU, xw9K; 6~LWS vo nugu~M;Ill ZUL x080ga. ~1Jt;oVtLVfC AE~H;, onw; o;
a.oni,Ja, wu%io/wra: O[Juvo,aara, oa,uiv: J.i;'o, .'fIOTonoo6j: OTUO()OX'O{}IV. gafJi5ia: xrVJ!l/IW liE TO QofJOi, QafJol.a

o KwvaraVTivo<;

~OljKa<; Olaq>Euy£l OTTO T~V OIx~aAwaia TUIV Apil8wv. MIKpoypaq>ia OTTO TOV KW~IKa Tau :rKU,\jT~~ T~<; MQ~pl· T~<;, fol. 113' b. (Ma~piTll, EeVIK~ B16AI06~K~).

8ANALIOl: MAPKOnOYI\OI

153

KA80MI,IOYMENH

KAI

fPAOME

EI

ATTIKIIMOI (110C;-120C; AJnNAI) LH1V KOpOIO TaU 11 au at Tl [OPUOll £voe; OVW1OTOU nV£UpOTIKOU 10PUpo TOe; OTTlV KWV01OVTlVOUnOATl, TOU A£YOP£VOU nOVWIOTl1PIOU TOU Movo pOXOU, Op[~£l EVO OT08£po OfIP£io pon~e; npoe; 10 KAOOlKO npOTuno H TOO11 OUT~ £KOTlAWV£1Ol OTTl OUVSX£IO £iT£ we; pOVlKOe; spwe; TTle; opxo[oe; YPoppQT£ioe; £iT£ KOI we; npoon08£10 ov06[wOlle; TWV opxoiwv AOYOT£XVIKWV £IOWV. To y£vIKon:po KAlpo novTWe; £uvoTlO£ Tl1 ¢IAOAOyl Kr'j sp£uvo KOI TOV £YKuKAonOlolopo. TTlv £IKOVO TTle; KWVOTovTlVOUnOATlC; we; KEVTpOU £MTlVIK~e; nOlo£[Oe;, OTO ono[o ouppsouv VSOI ana TO ntpQTQ Tl1e; OIKOUp£Vl1e; YIO va po811T£uoouv KOVTO O£ OVOpOOTOUe; OOOKOAOUe;, onmunwv£l pia ¢POOTl TTle; 'Avvoe; KopvTlv~e; nou OUVOE£101 p£ Tl1 0100 oKoAlo TOU IWOVVTl 11OAOU «01 VSOI nou OlljJOUOOV YlO pa8TlOll TPSXOV ~onlow TOU OOV TO KonaOI». H npOO~AWOTl OTIe; opx£e; TOU OTTIKIOPOU (OTO PSrpo opwe; TWV AO YIWV TTle; Woxr'je;) olomOTWV£TOl O£ Tp£le; ana TOUe; O11POVTIKOT£POUC; ouyypo¢£ie; TOU 11 ou KOI TOU 120u ot. MIXOr'jA lV£MoC; (1018-1078) ovop¢160Ao OTtK£1Ol OTl1V KOPU¢~ 61£8£1£ OT£P£Tl KAOOlK~ pOP¢WOl1 (ov£0£iX8Tl «unOTOe; TWV ¢IAOOO ¢wv», UljJlOTo o~[wpo YIO TIe; ov8pWmOTIKSe; Qnou6Se;) KOI TO OUyypO¢I KO TOU SPyo, 101We; 11 Xpovoypaq;ia, OIKOIWe; OI£KOIK£i 8toTl £m¢ov~ OTTlV £upwnO(K~ AOYOT£XV[O. H K080pOTTl1O KOI Tl OKp[6£10 OTl1 XP~OTl TOU onlKIOTIKOU AOYOU TOU OUVOUO~£101 p£ Ttl «O£PVOAOY[O» KOl Tl1 O£IVOTl11O 0TfJ OUv8£0l"j" 0 [010e; opIA£i YIO Tl1V «110UTTl1O» Tl1e; YAWOOOe; TOU p£ OUYKOAUPIlEVO OUT080upoopo. H KOPl1 TOU AA£~iou A' (1081-1118), 11 'Avvo Kopvl1vr'j (2 6£K. 1083 pSOO TaU 1153), 80 O£i~£l Ttl VnpmlPTlarl TTle; OTIe; 6081Se; p[~£e; Tl1e; £AAl1 VIKr'je; YAWOOOe; KOI Tl1e; Aoyon:XVIK~e; nopOOOOTle; OKOPTl KOI p£ TTlV £mAOY~ TOU T[TAOU ;4AI:~/I:i<; (npo¢ovwe; KOTO TO )AIO<;), p£ TOV onolo 80 £mypoljJ£1 TO IOTOPlKO Tl1e; sPyo. LTO npoo[plO TaU sPYOU Tl1e; un£Pl1¢o V£U£TOl OTi £iX£ anOUOOO£1 TO £AAl1VIKO ypOppOTO (<
o

o aUToKpinopa~ AA£~lo~ A' Ko~vqvo~ (1081·1118) npwToaTa T~a£ ~£ TO VO~Oe£T'Kci TOU £pyo aT~ arpO'll~ Tq~ £Knai~£uaq~ npo~ Tq e£O~OYIKI\ KaT£iJeUvaq, waT£ w~ npaa'llaTa va OIaT£U

£Ta, OT' ~TaV 0 '~PUT~~ Tq~ ~£yci~£vq~ naTp,aPX'K~~ IxoA~~, q onoia Kup,apxqa£ aTa £KnOl~£UTlKa npay~aTa Tq~ no~q~ a£ ciAo TOV 120 al. 0, €u£pycai£~ npo~ Tqv EKKAqaia ~IKa,oAoyouv TO 'llWTOOTt'llavO aT~V an£JKOVIO~ T~~ ~OP'll~~ TOU, onou KpaTd ~locivOIXTO s,sMo (pw~q, BaT'Kav~ BlsA,oe~K~, Codex Valica nus Graecus 666, '1'. 2).

o

MIKpoypa'll'K~ orl£lKovlaq Tl1~ noAlopKia~ TIl~ KwvaTavTlvouno Aq~ ano TOU~ p6YKOU~ oc ~UTlKO ~coa,wvlKo X£lpoypa'llo TOU 140u-150u 01. (XpavlKo TOU Robert de Clari). ITq OU~60TlK~ ava napciaTaa~ ~,aKpivnOi tva T~~~a TOU T£ixau~ ana Tllv nAcupci TOU K€paTiou KoAnou (napiol, B,sAIOe~K~ NauaTci8~ou).

154

Ttr{!LJrraL b rfj fTlIVTjOEi(l. rou fJLOV ro rou KC{Jara ovofla,

Piwv

0 X{JOl'o. axaOExw xai

afi n ~tVOVfJE"Oe; naflaaiJ

pEt !(ai TTaparpipEt 7Cl:ina ra b yo'ian xai E~ fJuOov arpt1 xay.dvot~ rouro TTgourgi/JETaL, oaot~ ~ OVVOtXO~ nap' hi pOt, bayxa/i~,.."((u' xai [miEL nw~ 0 lOyo; vJoyo~ ElVaL, vEia~ xawlConoL OlCOV flb oux a~w loyov npaypara, onov bE flEyakr. rE xai a~w fll'r;fl% ;wi ra rE (i817J,a ovx fxwv airLav, ijrt~ r~v TTgoal/yopiav wvrl]v XaLVoro rpuwv ;wra r~'Y rflayrpMav ;wi ra rpavina Ibro~flV'Tr6 IUL' ou yap 0[, iJ OflEVYiw; flOtXiirat xipam rwv xpoui rpwv EXX!!OVEt, oubi: auroi E~ETrLr1J&' xipaatv iavrois IlevO~. AM' 0 "IE ).6yo~ 0 rij~ [uroflLa, i'.(ivfla Xt1(!TE[JWW xaOo;r}it;ov(Jt, ov lCpo~ aU~).ov~ bwxl]pVnwrat, oirt rov yLVETW r(ii roii XPOl'OV ~wflan xai i'url]aL rflonov hi{Jot, rir: :~ErpaM.,lCpOaa{HJ.aaOVatv, aU TTLrv}.a b-xPEfl nva r~v cii
o

STJAOtU.TCOWW, EVW ra xEQamjJoQa oElXvouv XcnavOiJOTJ, aITocpo.LVnaL 0 qJLAoaorpos.

OVO XEIQoyga
To EafJfJarov rij~ TV{JO'ij. xapff" fUi;LE, bVO'WE, ro, xai I~V Lkuu't.Jt1v ro nflwt uJra xalw~, yt!.}(iY.IV flou.

Awa KO,IVllvllo :c.'\.}.£~tli., 114,9 (E)(O. It leib). XC(gn;: va xaQfie; (we; EJtlCplO"'lflQ)

Dmz (iinoYE) EUWTTlXOC; ":'110; 'lQoawY.uni; (.'Tr;YWl'E,

.'rira~E)

Alvo; Oo).i 1];. [l0t17WO) IIvOoloyia, r. 1, 1968. H Avva

KOftv~v~

n((Qo:OEIEL

aUIO),E~EL

° '188.

EVa. aawino, nou

auv£8w£ 0 an),o; ),0.0; yta va up.YliOEl Illv O~'UOEQY.EI" 'OU AAE~LOU Kopvllvou, 0 OITOlOS XaTECYU','E orll 8QO.X1l yLa VCl anorpU'YH ftLa (JUV(JJ~LOOta (13 E0Qo\JoQlou 1081) XQL 111JHgCl EnEotQf1llf 8Qta~L~C1H~C; OtTjv [JOAll. H AOYLa nQL 'Yxlnwaa., warc,ao, 8EwQTjaE o:va'(XalO va £m~'ly~aEl OE aQxaj)~ouoa 'YAwooa to aO~I('mo.

BAI:IAH KA ITAPOI

155

KA00MIAOYMENH

KAI

,PA
H rAnIIA THI PHTOPIKHI (110«;-120«; AlnNAI) npo~£Twlli~o T~C; tK~oa~c; T~C; PryTOpJK~C; npaYlloTdac; TOU Ep~oytvouc;,

1I0U TUIIWe~KC aT~ BCVCTia, aTO IICpi
VPo'l'cio TWV rIIuKu~wv (A8~va, 'CVVci~CIOC; BI6hlOe~"~).

PHTOPIKH OPArMATEIA II

T

0

I

TH% JPMOrJNOT£ TOT ;4.)J.' ij"i pOi ravgw1' a"avrw1' 6 "o.)).I.(rrO" iji/i pOi "ai rii,; igwrJTJr; {qia'pW "ai Yl'Voii "ai rpu.o.vOgwJror;. avOi~o pai PV"1/0p01' ipwwdw, anihor; rov rpOiypara, Ill' bax~vuw, f/lvXaywYfJlIOV aJraA«i u"ignipan' Ill' M. xai Od..~uw JrE(!fJtrvt:,auOw, !JJrO,,).iVC nil' xcrpa).~v ~pipa, xai raiiro UOt rpl).~parar; ilITw uin{)qpa. [ ••. J iyw UOi xai 15}..o: rpt).(nlpljuopai }.~i·a, xai uXlUr~UEir; avaa xai rpvlfi1jUELr; iJ£iJIJcpa. iytiJ IIOi xai jjla lllglOvpat {Jovxo).w, xai {Jam kvuEir; rwv i." rfj wjo(lJ ravgwv aJro.vrwv [ ••• J Nlxl]lpoQoS UMu.•i.x1IS, flgQ'flJI1Vo.Upara, (J.307.

Ti UTi'foxtO

T~

pHTOI'lIl:HX

rVlf;ruq;g. L'>.1)ftOo8fvllS KOUgTO~LX

o gl]rogoolMoxa),oc; NLX~cp6goS BaOLAco'11S (120S m.) oLl]ydrCllro /lu80 r~s ITaOlcpuTI<;. To utpOC; rou xa.gaXr1)gL ~nCll an6 lLC; gu8,mdc; cmOA~~Ei-C;, rIll' TCgorlfl1)01) olllv oVO,WOUY,11 XCtl r11V nw.v~ (nLSl].

o XplaT6~ ~£ TOV OUTOKpciTopo KwvaTOVTivo Movo~oxo OTOvTlvounoh~,

Ayia IO'l'io).

(Kwv

rEXNIJI

I!tHrI:lIIS, ~""i... "~ ........~ "I ~J'IIIY E~ •

~ .:. .i' ..,..~.. ~~.""T1 € ..~.... .. oi.....~".. ....a..~. om ..

'" r.,....,.",_.~".

.A 8 A 1C A''; lOT Tor nAPlor. If..; , • ....., ~II..

M.'I~~

.. .,.;,

-.- "~i

~.,..,

'-....y" :.,." ,.,.......

fi ..'

""orc

~....

wrICz (1IIIXAHAJ J[AI'Io.LR,

.....,.,.. XomolJ.. Q .. """"'"

'£Aa. Aomov xovTCi /J.OV, EaV wQworEQE ano oAom; rovr; mVQovr;, aa va. axov/iJrljOELr; r1)1' EQwrw,uiv/l, ayCm1JOE Xi iva avOQo.mlvo n},oo/w' Ga fiyciJ.w EQwn"o /lV'(1)O,UO, xw (Jaw wu va TOV avwnOoJUOElq. AI' OaxQvow, na(1)yoQa ,UE fiE iva rQvrpEQo o"iQU1/JO· AI' ()EA,iow a)'"a1io, Xaf11jJ.w OE 'i,uEQa ro Y.UpW.L oov, XI E)'W ()a ra naQw oa.v aqflocH rpiAWV. [... 1ea aov XaQilIw oAa ra m04oxwQarpa, Oa flJto Qdr; va JllJymvoiQxwrn aVEl'nOOWrOr; xm va xaiQwm E),WOEQOC; r1) I;wrj oov. ea oov xaQiaw o},a ra xonoolCl. "m ea (ivELC; arpiYr/1<; OAWV rOJv TavQwv TOV V1)OWV [... j

TAP%Jn~

-4"",.,

~

to"Y"C

......

(d't... >1."

~

!O.... ~r.

,;, ........ ~ ~ ..

Ao

KaT' £VlOA~ TOU nllA£a 0 q>o[vIKae; oep£lA£ VO 01061;£1 010V AXIAASO QUO npQWo TO: VO PlllOP£U£1 KQl VO noAq.lQ ('lAl0e;, I 443: "I..lu 8wv 1£ Pll1~P' £1..l1..l£VOI npllKTfipQ 1£ £Pywv»). To 10SWOSe; l11e; SMllvIK~e; OPI010Kp0110e; 0' OASe; 1Ie; snox£e; ~10V 0 Qv8pwnoe; lOU Aciyou KQl l11e; npQl;l1e;. 2TO KAOOIKQ XPOVIO 11 nop Pll0[0, 10 8q.l£A10 111e; 011 1..l0Kp01[0e;, KQl 11 OOCjJIOlIK~ snoyysALo YIO lie; OUV010

Tll1Se; l11e; nS180ue; sl;o OepQAI(OV 0111 PlllOPIK~ 1110 owno(ouoo 8SOll 010 SK nQlOSU11KQ npoYP01l1..l010. AKOllll KQl OTOV 010 I..lsTO ysvsOTSpO XPOVIQ 01 nOAlTIK£e; £A£u8spise; epOAKIO£UOVTQl, 01 p~TOp£e; TOU sMllV10I..l0U 6pioKOUV 8£IlOTO YIQ vo OKOVlOOUV Tllv £uYAwnlo TOUe;' 01 np6l;sle; onoyop£UOVTQl, 01 OKSIjJSle; I..lnopouv vo W:vouv KPUI..lIlSVSe;, 01 AOYOI sn[ naVl0e; lOU E:nIOTllTOU dVQl sASU8£pol. KQl 010 Bu(ovlIO 01 6v8pwnol Ilnops[ va l..l11v 0IlOAOYOUv lL OKpl 6we; OK£nTOVTOI ~ mOTSuouV, OAAQ nOVTWe; Pll10PSUOUV. KQl 010 ASYO I..lSVO nOVSmOl~1l10 TOU KWVOTOV1[VOU \. TOU MOVOIlOXOU (11 oe; 01.) KOI Oll1v n01pIOPXIK~ 2xoM (120e; Ol.) TO SVOIOCjJSpOV YIO Til OIOOOKOA[O Tlle; PllTOpIK~e; £lVOI (WllPo EYXSIPLOIO YIO Tllv K010PlIOll lOU P~TOPO ~TOV TO £Pyo TOU EPI..l0ySVll ono Tllv Topoo (20e; - 30e; Ol. I..l.X.), TO npo YUjJvao/lQm TOU Aep80vlou (40e; Ol. Il.X.) KOI 01 oOl1Yl£e; nou ouvtroooov 1!.NRTIH'tIN.

~.j.~~'. 17ft-

8m<)Jav81~ PllTOPOOI06oKOAOI, 8VlOT8 08 OTlXOU~ (6A. TO "<)JAUapOOTI XlOla" TOU IWOVVll T~ET~1l -0 UnOTlflllnKO~ xapaKTllPIOflO<; aV~K81 OTOV IPllYOPIO Koplv810). l:TOXO~ aUT~~ 1T\<; 8Knal08UOll~ ~TaV 11 081VOTllTO nou mlTUyxaVOTOV fl8 Til Oa<)J~V8Ia, 1T] fl8yaAonpl':n8Ia,

Til OUvTOflia KQI <)JUOIKO TllV "aA~88Ia" KQlTO ~80~ TOU AOyOU. KUPIOI 8KnpOOWnOI Tll~ PllTOPIK~~ KaTO TOV 120 al. dVQI 0 NIKll<)JOPO<; BaoiJIoKIl~ (1115-1182) Kat 0 NIKll<)JOPO<; XpU006EPYll<; (120<; -130<; al.). Ta 8Knalo8UTIKO dOll nou KaTO napooooll KaM18p youv dVQI 0 jJuSOC;, TO oU7YT)jJa (npaYflOT8UOll 8VO~ flEflOVWflEVOU 11 "XPc;[a», 11 avOmU~1l OIlAaO~ 8VO<; napalV81IKOU aVSKOOTOU (mi napaodYflaTi 0 IOOKPOTll<; dnE on "01 Pl~8<; Tll~ nQloda<; c;[VQI mKps~ aMO 01 Kapnoi YAUKd~,,) KQI 11 YVW!JT), 11 avo Y8YOVOTO~),

mU~11 OIlAao~ EVO~ ano<)J8tYflaTO~ TOU Tunou: "TO XP~fla dVQI 11 KIVllT~pla ouvaflllTWV nOVTWV».

'AMa m[OJ1~ O'1flO<)JIA~ E[OI1 P'1TOPlKWV YUflvaOfloTwv dVQI 11 r}Sonolta, OIlAao~ I1lj!UXOYPOlpia 8VO~ npoownou nou OPXI~8 fl8 TllV TumK~ <)JPOOll "Tlva<; QV 8'(nOI AoyOU<; 6 08]va» (Yla napo08lYfla: 11 Nlo611 OTOV aVTIKpu~8 V8KPO TO nQlolo Tll<;) , TO E:YKW!J10 Kal 0 ljJoyoC;, f'o,EV EYKWflIO~OVTOl, WOTOOO, flOVO Ollflalvou08~ npoowmKOTllT8<;, aAAO KQI ~wa <)JIMnova (TO 6001) KQI 8UY8V~ (TO OAOYO) ~ KQI ouay8 v~, onw<; lllj!8lpa KQI

°lj!UMO<;.

l:Tllv npo~llTwpa' K088 OTIYfl~ Tll<; aUAIK~<; loiw~ ~w~~ Yla va 6lW8d 6a810 xp8la~oTav TOV P~TOPO Tll~: '1 OUfl<)JOPO Til flovwoia, 80VaTo<; TOV mIK~081O, 0 YOflO~ TOV Em8aAOfllO, 0 VOOTO~ TOV Em6aT~pI0, K,OK. M8YOAll ov811011 yvwp[~OUV KQI 01 "8K<)JPOOEI~», OIlAao~ 01 n8plypa<)JS<; 08 1l0UOflSVO KQI av8'lpo Myo flV'lfldwv, npoownwv KQI XwpWV fl8 KonOla IOTOPIK~ 6apUTllTO.

°

Kal 0'11 OIOaOKQAlQ Kat OT'lV npO~1l '1 yAwooa T'1<; PllTOPIK~~ dVQI KaTO KaVOVQ '1 QPXQi~ouoa Q11IKIOTIK~. Kupla XQPQKTllPIOTIKO dVQI: a TO TopVEUfla TWV n8plOOWV Kat IOlW~ TWV pu8fllKWV QnOA~ ~EWV (clausulae)' 6, 01 unEp60As~ OTllv QUToTandvwollTOU OflIA'1T~ (I) E:!Jf) W:TPIOTT)C;) KQI OTllv 8~Ulj!WOJ1 TOU npoo<)JwvOUflSvOU (r} of) iVOOE,OTT)<;, oorpia, SwrplAia, K11.)· y. '1 Qno<)Juy~ TWV KUp[WV OVOflO . TWV Kal YE;VIKOTEpa TWV OUYKEKplfl£VWV OTOIXdwv Y8ITOVIKO[ I\aoi IJ.VtWOVC.UOVTOI fl8 apXQiK6TQlO OUOKQTOAllma OVOflQTa (a TWV ovo W'1TWV E:AAT)VlOjJOC;) , napa Tllv QPxaiKOTllTQ, WOTOOO, Tll<; yAWOOQ<; 01 P~TOPE<; 08V ~Tav navTEAw~ QKaTOAllnTOl. AKofla Kal 0 analo8u TO~ dX8 an0811oauplo81 0PIOflsV8<; TumKE<; EK<)JPOOEI<; Kal ETaI flnoPOUOE VQ napQKOAOu8~081 flS08<; OKP8<; TOV P~TOPQ, KQI TO onOUOQlOT8PO: va OUYKlVll8d Qno TllV n8p160M, n~ XElPOVOfli8<; KQI TOV flOUOlKO TOVO Tll~ EKq>OPO~ TOU AOyOU. IAwooa, loiw<; 010 Bu~ovno, OEV ~Tav flOVO TQ ~IlPO MYlQ

o aUToKpOTopac; Mavou~A yoC; TOU Mapia a£ Graecus 1176,
A' Ko~v~v6C; (1143-1180) KOII'l (nn;U TOU X£lpoyp6
~IKpoypa
(PW~~, 8aTIKov~ BI8AI08~K~),

jeixrv},Ol JtEg! pi'!' rit ;rgoaOw. rpE,q, O~E,q nvaqxai in:a,, povq oVVXaq n:l}o{3a}J.opEYO£, TtEgi ra ougai:a xai rit oTtiaOw. tTEgO" roa(tin:~v axox}.qgWY r(» acopan Xgciav, on:OU1] v clvril.£tg {v civ8pWICiy(] XElpi· "ai imig paxwgioa, iaTO/lW!O "ai uJtig {3i}.q ~X01'1JTO' "ai Toaain:q nq ~v io-/vq apa "ai oSl'rq, ro,q Ol'vlg,v, wq p~ ,uovQV l'ijrrav ia;(vav tmageirmv xui yii!f1VOV xai (J)J.a oaa ;TcgtiHov rat ;m£gw!lfl., "ai rav(!wy "ai "clIC(!WV xai /3ovfJa}i owv imlJE(Jpioaq clpvaaEiv "ai OtaTUgOV[iV ~
a,Ua

2:ro ;rQoa(}w ,uieoe; tiX[ rQia ck,::cw)a Jrov JrQof3a},Jav flTtQoora xOipTFQa xm /LVTFQU vuxw, JrQo, TO IdQo;, r~e; oVQae; X(J( oro OTtio(}w dX[ aUo oc'xw},.o :100 Treoa feet ri rota ::CQ1wtpor IJW UfO acu/LO, 001] 0 avrixuQcl oro ::ciQI' xat. liw1! oX),lleo metOD'OIEeO em,) /wxaiQtO. xC'-' o£'; ;U[lI(l(10 r£Qo 0.:]'0 IJO,/- Ka' rooo ,ut;,o.J,17 iJvva,l/17 Xl o~vr~w fla~i "iXav W VVX'£1, u)OTF OX' ,tlO"O .Tanta xm YEQavo va ixoo1! I'~ ovva/-l1] va aJraQa~0111! XUt oao cLUO _"Qlpa}),ovTU' ,UE rpuQo., aUo. xm va ~wxii;ovv TO OEgt/a xU! wVQW1! XOI aYQ'wv YOVQOVYlillV %at {lov{3aJ..iiJwl' xu': 1'(( otaIQV;rovv axofl.O XOI >eEl-va, oaW1! ro iJiQw: ;ove; iX£( axi.~el'I'Oci JrteWOOUQO IWQa Extiva JWV ro MQJla rove; EX£( xaJ..vipTFi liE arpOovo rQixwfl.a.

lOU ,'uflvaofw 0 KwvoT().vrlvoc; !v1ClvCIOOl,'IC; E~ogfLll011 WlJ Ma XUV1WnLXO '(EgCI1{l TOU aUToxgo.wga ltEQlYQQtfC't(J.L fIE xaBl hmo,urgEla. H yl,wao(). 'tOlJ Q'lwQa Ei.vm o.xQWC; ().(lXai'l;ulJoa, o.Ua urragxouv Xat OQlOflEVOl ~l~AlOflOl (xai lJTrFQ itOY.c'l.(!ioae; ... xai iJTCi:Q ,BiJ.Il). ITO (l'lTOgIXO

(1130-1187) (~J.(JlOQEl flLa xuvl1YfTLXll VOU1j), A' KOIIVllvOU (1143-1180). To

BALlA I 1
157

KA00MIAOYMENH

KAI

rPAillOMENEl:

H AHMnAHI AOrOTEXNIA HHN AYAH TON KOMNHNON LIT. BaoIA(iou, nTwxorrp6i5po/loC;,

~uAoypa
EnYflilv wv hilpw 6 u..wvo, l.iJro rilv ixxi.1JUiav, 1:0 x(JaIJopohv flOV xga1:oiJv "1'0 lIE(JOXOJITJfltvov,

'Eye/) M. r(Jcl.w vE(Jav ~ai 1I:ivw "ai X0(Jrai VW,

xat' ;(apavrixa mavn flc '1'0 (/iyo, xai aJfoOI'7/IJXw.

a, ru

[.'OJ

fa

'Eav El1r:w, "boTc 1'01 JrEwiv (jla vJroo~l'£mi POV»,

UYOVIlt· "pi, t~ipXCDal JfOIJQ)(; i" '1'01' JrvlWva».

[...J Z7]TW IJaJroVvlv va },ovOOJ, ~ai Jiyovv /lE' <
va vmiyw, va lOW rpiJ.cv pov, /"Xpav I'll wawa(JiIJw xai va rpavw ci, 1:QI'" ydrova, Oft Elflw "afJaM,(J1]" '1'11' Jro(Jwv gWflal'il;ovI!IV xai oV(ii JrEl;ov fli itqnjvovv, xai tav pi} (HAW, biIJ:rora, xOJral;wl' li,ral'tvw. nrwX0Jr(Joo(J0l'IXa, IV 132·5, 144-5, 154-9

(£)(/).11. Eidcueier). xQaoo{3o;tLV: nooor1Jw xQo.owv nov OVVOiiEVI: rOll' /WVo.xwv vEQOXOJ'l'lflEVOV: aQa/iJ.},llfVO fJ,£ v£QO 71:a.Qo.urix(J: a/dOOle; JP.C1V: I;wro VEQa waraC1efl;w: %oQOWVO;WI

TO

yEVjJ.o.

EAaXlCJT£<; dVQl 01 mw£<; YIO H!V o~IAou~£VIl yAwooa KOHl Tllv npw ToBu~avnv~ Kat TO Il£YOAUT£PO ~£PO<; TIl<; ~£OoBu~avnv~<; l1£PIOOOU

Qwy.o.v(;(,:J: %).ElOa,UJT.G.Qwvw

%o71:oI;Ol: %ovecil;o,lto.~ xo.J.aQwvw

To YEO O''(QOWlCi ralrl; mWVTa TQElS rpoQ£S elEVo' OE iiuo ),ESEIS. AVll1w8l01a ta Ol.JlAa rplUVljEVta HIt; AQXOlOt; En~VlX~t;. O1JXYO,EQO OJ.lwS mwiiloEl rp8o'/'YoUt; aAAWY 'YAWOOlOY, OitWS oro itCiQO'!W,/l',O mlEJ11i.La OAO~lX~; itQOE AEU011t; -fra" -irao T' on1 ACST) :1£ [of « pezza). To 1E),lXO -v HOI' iiEutEQOXAl1WV OUiiETEQWY 'YLyEtOl OICty.QIW'.O OAWV 1WI' OUOEtEQWY' to (3Qlox01,!'" OXOllll Xrtl aE !lrQl10itOlJ iieY Ot.xcnO),O'(P~tal. 01TW£ 0'10 tQt.COx).t.lO ~ilwv. To QT)[I0tlXO "':cit-h1!w. -/~tJ :t:a(){I:~l'\'<,:!. LblCllTC'Qfr ;r(t0C1.'YtIYytr~6: QWf(avi~O), lOtJ./,mQitw. H "{l( xarai.lb'l·lOO T~lTO\' rr).1101'VllY.ou T IV EVEmclna -ouv (x(Jawiiv, Urouv) ouvvrragXEl I-IE tT)v xcrraAT)~11 -oum (J.irOVOi) xm O.Orpo.AW; 'l r;[L),o'l~ tOu nJitou "It VeWL ,'La [lnQlxOUt; XUQLlOS AO,/OU; OL EYEOtlDtE; oXT)flat~1;oYWl ~X VEOU, j.le ~ao~ tOu£ tUitOU; WU aog~atOu XOt t!]V ;rQoa8~Xl1 wu -v-, rJJOtE va 'YLvnOl 11 OLaxQLOl1 tWY iiUo 8qLatWY: XOQwi-v-Ol (AQXOLO. EAkr1vLz~ XOQrciI;Ol), x.ala to ixo(JtalJo. Ot .1rQ08EO£l£ ano xm i" o.gX~1;ouv va O1JytaaaoVTCI.L fLE omatlx~ (ane rryv E%X},l!oio.v, EX rev JTu!.wva) H iilcnaS11 ow cnJy8EW llQoaoLoQLatlXa dvOt om,,1; xm OtT)V AQxola EAA~\'lX"r OWl' W aWlXE~o nov JtgooOLOQL~El Elvm OUULaOtlXO "1 Enl8EtO itQO!]'YELWl cmo to itQOOiilOQL1;oj.lEYO, it.X %Qo.o(}~6J.tv. VEQOXOlr:l)P.EVOV.

158

(600-1100 ~X). LTO 11£00 OIlW<; TOU 120u al., ouyypa¢OVTQl OPLO~EVO AOYOT£xvIKa EPYO nou as ~syaAo B081l0 \l1\lOUVTOI ~ KQl KOTOypa q>ouv TTlv o~IAOU~EVIl TIl<; KwvoTavnvounoAIl<;. To mo aVTmpoown£uTIKo o£iY\la TIl<; oll~woou<; AoyoT£xvia<; nou ovamux8llK£ O1IlV OUA~ TWV Ko~vllvWV dVQl TEoo£pa oonpLKa nOL~ \lOTO, oUT0610YPO¢IKOU xopaKT~po, yvwCJTa \l£ TO ovolla nrwxonpo OPOlllKli, nou anooloovTQl OTOV Ka60poAOYO AoyoT£xvll TOU 120u al. 8£oowpo npOOpo~o. AV.Kat 11 yAwooo TOU £pyou OSV dVQl O~OLOY£ v~<;, npOK£ITQl £VTOUTOL<; yLO TTlv mo OUVSKTIK~ om:LKovLOIl TIl<; K061l ~SPIV~<; o\lIAia<; OTIl BOOlA£UOUOO. LIl~OVTlKO ~VIlIlS[O TIl<; O~IAOU~£ vll<; TIl<; £110X~<; onoTsAouV mlOIl<; 01 L:rixol ypallllarlKoO MIXai}A roO f},UKG (1159) -Kupiw<; sKdonou 0 OUYYPO¢EOe; \lIM as npwTo np60w no ~ 6nou OVO¢EP£L AO'iK£e; nopOl~ise;- Kat O£ £vov ~IKPOT£p06061l6 TO nopatVSTlKO noill~o Inavtac;. To Kd~£vo OUTa ~oe; nAIlPo¢oPOuv YlO ne; OMOY£<; nou Un£aTllll yAwooa O£ OAO TO min£oo. 01 OMOYEe; nou £mouvE61l00v OTIlV npo ¢opa o£V ¢OiVSlQl va mllPEooov Til ¢WVO)\OYLK~ oLap6pwClTj TIl<; KOt V~<; yAWOOO<;. 'Eva KQlVOUPYlO oiYPo~llo KaV£t Tllv S\l¢avLO~ TOU, TO r(, nou ovaAoya ~£ Til A£~11 OlQ6a~Slat £iTs IlXIlPO [dz] , rt,iov, dT£ 0IlXo [Is], TOiKVO 'OTOV QUO ¢WV~SVTO as xoo~woio [io] OKOAou60uv Tllv TO'I10~tvll OUAA06~, TO [0] £KnimSL, ¢OLVO~£VO YSviK£U\l£VO OTO oPXaio unOKoplOTIKa as -IOV (n.x. KapBouvlOV > KapBouV1V). LTO Ksl\lSVO nou S~STa~ou~s S~¢OVi~STOl £111011<;, YIO npWTIl q>opo, tva ¢OIVO~£VO nOAu OIOO£OO~£vo OTIl N£o EAAIlVLK~, 11 OT£VWOT) lOU [0] as [u] (KOKKiov > KOUKiv). H ouvi~1l01l (6a8ta > 6a8c:a) £iVOL n£plopL 0IlEvll, £VeD o£v EXOUV OKO\l1l S~O¢OVlaTsl TO npOTOVIKa 0PXIKO ¢WV~SV1Q (iantpa > anspa).

H OI)~OVTlK6T£PI) £sSA1SI) OHI ~OP¢OAOY[O TOU OV6~OTOe; £ivat I) vso KOTIWOp[O TWV O£UT£POKAlTWV OUOE:TSPWV OE: -IV. Nso £lvat KOl I) KOTI)YOp[O nponOpOSUTOVWV £m8STwv O£ -IK0C; (n.x. 6AaXIKOC;) OlnAO 010 0Pxolo 0SUTOVO (n·x· KprJTlKOC;). 01 PI~oonOOTlKOT£p£e; ~OP¢OAOYIKte;

OAAoyte; nOpOTT]pOUVTOI

010 Prl~O H £UKTlKrl SX£[ ana VWpte; £SO¢OVIOT£l, I) £V£PYI)TlKrl ~£TO Xrl Kat TO onops~¢oTO £~¢OV[~OVTOI GnOVlOT£pO. H unOTOKTlKrl O£V SX£l nAtov iSlKSe; TI)e; KOTOArlS£Ie; , OAAO £looynat ~£ OPlO~SVO npop PI)~OTlKO OTOlX£io (va, ac;) rl ~£ OUVOSOIlOUe; XPI)Ol~£U£1 W[OI)e; YlO TT]V tK¢POon TOU ~sMOVTQ, O¢OU 0 1l0VOA£KTlKOe; TunOe; SX£l £SO¢O vlo8£l rlOT] ana TOV 60 at., £vw 0 n£pl¢pOO1IKOe; O£v SX£1 KOV£1 OKollT] TT]V £~q>OVlorj TOU. H OpVT]on £lVOI ouvrl8we; OUK (Kat 0XI i5tv). nopOTl)p£lTOI Kon010 06£6atOTI)TO 011) XPrlCJT] TWV PI)1l0TlKWV KO TOArlS£WV LTO TPITO nAI)8uvTlKO TI)e; OplO11Krle; (Kat UnOTOKTlKrle;) £V£01WTO I) KOTOAI)SI) -ouv O£V £X£l £KTon[O£l £vn;AWe; TI)V 0PXO[O -OUOI Ana TI)V aMI) nA£upo, ouonwoTonol£[Tat 1l0P¢OAOYlKO T] SK¢POCJT] TWV OVTl8so£wv OLjJT]e; (aspect) 010 Prl~O, yupw ana TI)V nopouo[o rl onouo[o £voe; -v- 011) pi~o TOU PrlIlOTOe; (Ill) OUVOnTlKO / OUVOnTlKO) OVTIOTOIXO: nx K£P-V-W / Ktp-aoa, xoprai-v-w / xOpT-aoa. H KOTOOK£Url TWV ¢poo£wv £tVOI mo OVOAUTlKrl, xwpie; £YKI6wTl OIlOue; OVOIlOTlKWV oUllnAT]pwIlOTWV OE: Y£VlKrl. 01 np08to£le; 0PXI ~ouv va ouvTaooovTOI 11£ OlTlOTlKrl oVTi YlO Y£VlKrl. To A£SiAOYlO TWV OT]~WOWV sPywv TOU 120u 01. £lVat nAouOlo wc; npoc; TT]V nopoywYrl KOl TO oaV£lO~O, aAM Kat O£ CJT]~OOlOAOYIKSC; OAAOYSC;. noM olOO£OOIlSVO £lVat TO auv8no, OTI)V nA£lovoTT]TO TOUC; npoaoloplOTIKO (n.x. oKOuprrpofwAaploorraaTOC;), OAM Kat nopOWKTIKO (nx. UnOKQ}JlOo6pOKIOVl. H wiopoOT] TT]C; AOTIVlKr']C; n£plopi~£Tat OTIC; KOTOMs£lC; -arius, -a/us, -icus, £vw T] auv£xr']c; wa¢rl 11£ TOUe; 60p£IOUe; Kat aVOTOAIKOUe; Y£ITOVIKOUC; AOOUC; £~nAOUTi~£1 A£SIAOYlKO TT] 6U~OVTlVrl yAwaoo.

A oyo" a},rjliEw, ({!E{JE:rW b1jpuw~or;, a(Jxaio,' «'O.TOU CtEL apE{!LpVOV IjJlrtrjV, onou EW XO(JT(uJ/lb'o, 7rori ov mOTWEL V1jOTLXOV, lroTi ou ~!Vxonovii.rw.» 'Eail ii" ionjx1j, d, povviv xai anopax{Ja ivriJaviI:;1/<; xai pJhr1j<; (iJJ.ov "dll£vov unEaw Ei<; TO xapivLv, ovx ErbE<;, oil" iV01jaEq, ovx fyvw<; TryV Jrlx(Jiav· &'e£vo<; rtlyavil:;crw xai ail xliv !jJil.a ov yvciJOEL,. [••. J flo}).iJ. TOV [-tW wxaL(J1jTryv EXE£VOV T01' yoviav onuv bdju~T/ Y{Juppara nOrE TaU TO nwbiv TOU. "EXEL" ijhi pou! naLbiv, ayov(JLv, jTaM1jxti{JLV puh- a;(oLviv xai JrV~E: w "ai pry TO Y{Jappari!lTJ<;. ErixoL wi] MLXaryJ. rAuxii, 116-122 Y,(l' 208-211

(tKO. E. Too),
cUrEaw: Idaa

xCiv 1jJil.a: ourE ro ,J,a.;uaro, TO :rraQClpLxQO

EvxClLQT/rrj<;: EsunvOr;

H )i~~ ayovQL JTQOEQXEtCtl alto 10 UQXULO£AA~V'XO€JtiBno aWQor;, bmw ano o:vclmu~~ £VOs wq;wv,xou _yo avc''lUoOCL om ouo cPWV11£vW '-CPOl"O!lEVO lOlUl1E(lO oUVl18cS on1 NEa EA),11vlX1l- xa.l (l1EVWO~ 10U [0] Of [uJ. "'EV EX£l CXy.OI1~ l:QOrrOrrUl.11G£L 11 :TQocpoQcl OQLOll£V(J)'V OUVCJ1JC(Q~'(0V OTO oXl1~a TQl~(lLlEVO •. onYllI.cxlO (axoLViov Xat 0Xl axolv{J. To aQxai.o TOillXO Erri.QQ11)lU oJrov E;EJ.LOOE1at 011Ilaol.0),0 ylxcl OE ax),lw ava.cpoQlx6: > To b£U1EQOy.ALW oubEnQCi OE 'LV £iVat XL £OW rrOA.I,a: !3ouyiv, xapivLv, nat 6iv, ayouQLv, nuVtlxaQLl', axolviv. To £JtiOlllla ·il;w ElVat naouywYlXO oX' !lOVO orqv EV£QY'1T.l}(~ cpwv1l (~l'r(!w'il;w, YQo/ltJ.0ril;w), Xat 01'111£00 JToA'lTl)"l (r'7yuvii;opw). To 10[TO rrooowrro T01.1 Q~flaWS £i,.Ii Elvm, 01l111<; Y.OL ow [[rwxo;rQoe)QoILLxa, [VI a.v,l Yla Eari- 0 1urros aUTOs :1:00 EQXE1at (Uro 111" rrQ60w~ tv (~ Evi) xat arrav1&' lib!] OTOV
orrou nov.

ana

ovx.

JT·x·1jJuxonovr'irw.

Tov 120 01. ~ KWVOTaVTlVOUITO'~ E c,iooEl'OI OE 1110 KOO~O"o'i· TIK~ KOlvwvia ITOU £TT1~~Ta va £K'l'paOTd. AVOTTTuoocTal CTOI 1'10 5~~w5l]c; AoyoTc)(Via ~E aUToBlOyp01pIKO IT£pl£X6~£vo n ~£

XOpOKTI\pa KOIVWVIK~, KPiTIK~c;. AIT£IKOVIO~ alTo TOV Hartmann

Schedel, Liber Chronicarum,

NUPE~Bi:py~, 1493.

Ei\ENH KAPANTZOM

lllAAEKTOI

KAI

IlllOMATA

01 NEOEMHNIKEI 41AAEKTOI o KapaYKIO\f), (pa/l/laTlKO, ana Tav AalKo ~WVP/]'I'O

A, Kupla (wT, apx£ia Ap, rlaVlovvoU), nOAAoi ana TOU~ ~pw£~ Tau 6£aTpau aKOWV ~IAauaav TO TomKO Tau<; li5iw~a (pau~£Alw TlKa a Mnap~na-nwPva~, £mav~(JIaKa a Nlovla<;), '!'PIKTO nap£'P60p~tva £AA~VIK6 av6~IKTa ~£ ap6avlTlKo (B£AIVKt KO,) ~ lanavlKa (0 IaVTIA£6i1VTa IavTlvt: a e£aaaAavIKlo~ E6paia<;), 0 i1~IO<; KapaVKla~a"oiXT~, o'!'£IA£ va £ival tva<; YAwaolKo<; npwTta" ~onauAo

LYMBO/\IKH DAPAITALH EJOITQN flCl bLa),EXtL1
/]

J

rJ

oClour~(a'rlf,lxoj)

ro

baou ru (a~~Alxo eh) UITEQWLXO A. (ayyAlXO/ OTT) A£Sl1 well) lJITEQWlXO A. ITOU ITA11CJlaSEL 10 f} ;e, Jr, T, axoAolJ80uflEva arro <'laoEla Exrrvoll ITaXLa OlJQavlxa ><, y, X, xQ11TlxOV '[VITOlJ Ii (YEQf!GI'LXO Ii, iVliidehen) OXatW l, v) 1/, El, Ot, Vl 0 o.rrQoOOWQLO'tO£ ~lEW~aTlXO£ cpWVT)EVTlXO; cpEloyyo; ITOU ltQoEQxnat altO mE),11 ouvlSl101l oUQaVlxa }, v, )I, y, X ltOlJ rr(011),Gav aJI0 1:11V arr.o[30),,~ (OLYllOTI) TOlJ c1TOVOlJ i ITOU W UXO),OlJ8El arroolboVHll 1:a aQQLVO. fJJr, vr, yx (yy), OWV rlrlf,arl~ <'lEV EXOUV ITQoEQQlv(jJ01l pS((J1JvblJOWO£P+ IJ<'laov)

;:

X Kit t

Krx

a

o f~J

J..

V, K,

b, d, g

lJ!

£X

OL bla),EXloL XCli. W LbLWflClW EXOUV xm Ip80yyou£, yLa IOU; oltoiol': bEl' ultaQ/.ouv aVllowlxa YQaf4ww ow aAcpa~11 10, L'111V xu.1:(I.','Qu.rp1), ),omov, 1:WV rlLaAEX'ny,IiJv XElflFvIJ)V Xgll(Jl~llnO'ovvw: ,,()OY'10011W~, rl11),·nfl'j ,', (e FiJ"l\'lxa '!Qr:t~ ~law ,U.E Etik'(l olClxQlTLXa 0TJi-lELa (Yla ltCiQaO€lYfLa: 10 .r bT)),WV£l 1:0 lJ7tEQWlXO A ltOlJ axovY£l:aL OITW; 1:0 ayykl.o I OTTI W;ll welf) EilE Xat '!Qa~lltaW IOU )"anvlxmJ a),.cpapr)'tou. 'EwL ),1.. ~lE W b, d, g a;\OOLOOVWL W ('-QQLva Wr, vr, J''' (yy). To i aV1lJ'[QoOWltEUEL lOU; rpOoyyou£ t, v, '7, fl, 04 VL Llll" xawygarpli, wcnooo, lWV bLa),EOC1l/,WV XEl.llfvWV nou ltaQallOrvtaJ ow EJt6~I€Va xEcpaAata, OEV XQI104IOiWLQUVl:((l TO (p80YYOOTJlla rraQa OE E)"aXLm:E£ mQIJtTliJ(Ju,f. H ltaOEx XALOll alto ll1v £;-rLOl1l~lOVLx~ 01JV1i8ao OIpEihmL Of: Iluo AO'!OU£. 0 J1QW1:0; ElvOi on ~lrl E~OLXELW!J.EVO£ avayvw0111C; aorpuAwC; 8a (J1JVaVtOVOE aV'l!ITEQ~i,T)lE£ <'lUOXOALE; O'tllv aITOxQulnoYQacp11O'l TWV OlJi-l~o),.wv. 0 OEV1EQO£ AOYO£ Elvm on J{a~moA),« ano W xelflcva aUla OE\' £XOUV c~aQX~£ xa WYQo.rpEl i-lE POOll O1.rW 10 OVOl:11!J.a Kat (J1JVEltW; T) EX lWV UO'tEQWV !J.EW'lQOIV~ tOue ;WQoUOla~EL ~LeyaAEC; OUOXEQcUEC; UX0i-lT) XaL yLU TOV OLaAExlOAoyO.

°

188

H EAAllVIOTIK~ KOIV~, o
«OlaASK1lKa KSVa» (VaAAlKa vide dialectal). ZwvTav~ VSOSMTlVlK~ OlaAS KTOe; napa~£vsl o~~spa Tl KunplaK~ KOl sv ~£PS1Tl KPTl1lK~. H SmOTTl~OvlK~ 0IaAsKToAOV1K~ £psuva TaU SMTlVa¢WVOU xwpOU 0PXlOS ana Ta ~£oa TaU 190U al. Kal oUVSX[~S1Ol we; o~~spa. at nATlPO ¢Opl£e; ~ae; Via 1le; VSOSAATlVIK£C; OLaA£K10Ue; Kal Ta lOIW~Q1a nplv ana 10 ~£oa TaU 190U al. dVOl £AaXlO1SC; KOl aXl aKplBde; we; npoe; TTl ~OP¢O ¢WVTl1lK~ ~op¢~. EE,aip£OTl £ow anoTsAouV Tl KPTlTlK~ KOl Tl KUnptaK~ OIOA£KTOC;. nou ~ae; £owoav vpamo ~vTl~da an6 TOV 140 we; Ta ~£oa TaU 170u at. 01 TomK£e; napaAAav£e; TTle; NSOSMTlVtK~e; OIOlpouvTal KQ1a TOV r. XQ1~I06.Kl as OUO KUplSe; o~aose; KOl ~la OSUTSpsuouoa, aVaAOVa ~S TTl ou~nspl¢OpO TWV ¢WVTl£VTWV. O~aAa ¢WV'1SV1l0~a £XOUV Ta ASVa ~sva VOIla IOIWllaw. LT£VWOTl TWV OTOVWV e, 0 o£ i, au aVTlOTOlxa, KOl £KffiWOJ1TWV cnovwv au (~£oa as A£~'1) KOl i (os TSAIK~ KOl ~£oTl 8£0'1) £Xouv Ta ASVa~SVa 66p£w IOlwllaw. Ta lOlW~Q1a nou napouOlo~OUV ~avo T'1 OT£VW0'1 ~ ~aVO TTl OlVTlOJ1 TWV ¢WV'1£VTWV nou ava¢£pa~s OVO~O~OVTOl '71l166pew. Mla aMTl OlaASKTOAOVIK~ olaip£OJ1TOU SAATlVaVAWOOOU xwpOU IJno pd va OTTlPlXT£i OT'1V KQ1aVOIJ~ TOU Elvw / II. To eivw n£plAaIJBov£ITTlV KP~TTl. 10 Ku8Tlpa, TIe; KUKAOO£e;. TTl X[o, TTlV IKap[a, T'1 Moeo. TTl LaIJO 8pOK'1. 10 lIWO£KOVTloa (IJ£ s~a[p£O'1 T'1 PaOo). TTlV A[Vlva, TO M£vapa. T'1V KUIJ'1 KOlT'1V KOpUOTO 1Tle; Eu8o[ac;, TTlV A8~va nplv ana TO 1830, TTlV Kunpo KOl TOV nOVTO (anou 8nIKpaTsl '1 IJOP¢~ vw: £ivw). To 11 8nlKpa Td OTle; UnaAOLnSe; nsplOX£e; (8A. TOV XOPTTl).

• •

I~/lEQa 1JITaQXouv 011'1 XWQa /las ovo xEvTQa EITLOl:ll/loVL XYIS EQE1JVas TWV VEOE),A11vIXcJJV OW),fXTWV. To KEYrQO G1JVTaSEWS TOU [OTOQLY.OV /\ESLltOV TllS Axaoll~Llas A811vWV OW8E"tEL TO /lOVaOLXo OTO £iooS T01) Ota),EXTOAOYLXO aQXElo (8.000.000 OE),Ti.a JtEQUr01J). To 6W),EXTOAOyLXO AQXElO OTO T!Jll!Ja
baccalaureat.

XOpTq, TWV v£O£,I,IqVIKWV ~la,ltKTWV .

00 ••

.

• •

•

A

•

•

_ _ H TTpC«JIV'1 ypafJf'~ mp'KAE"EI TOll') XWPOU')

papEIOll 'PWV'1EVT,O/lOU _Jj •• , nEp'OX{S & TTOAEI') fJE '1p,pap£lo
_

•

n£p'OXI'<; TOU Ep"lT'1paTIKOU EiVTlJ (Ti;) TOaKW\"K~ OIQAEKTO<; (p'rrpOTTOAITIK~ & npOTTOVTlow;J

I'.laAEKTIKa KEva ..!l. EM'1vay,\WOOE') KOITiOE<; T'1<; vaTHl<; IToMa')

1. EMljVl.',6 T'1<; KaAappio') 2. EM'lVIKQ T'1,) ATTollA"a') • [\;\'1 va Y)'C'"0c'): rp,ox{<; Tll<; KcnmoooK"Ci')

(KCiTQ "POO{I~"0'1)

NIKOMOl: KONTOl:onOY/\Ol:

189

•

•

- '

1'-.

• .... J

1I1AAEKTOI

KAI

11IIOMATA

KATnlTAAIKH KAI TIAKllNIKH' Mia walv£T~ npoana8£1o Via T~ ~lilOwa~ TOUAaXlaTOV T~~ ~ouaIK~~ KA~pOVO~la~ TWV CAA~VO
"n wgw /lou,

wgw /lou ywvwP£Vl], 'ri uoiJ yva).ir~n 6 /loiJ~o (Ja Wf(Ja(Jl.

'£/leL yE:wrj!Jl/lomo aVW/lf:v(J1

'Er(Jfl T~ "Iflroyia r' ~uo >Logaul.

'ilgrf {Jwiaga>La}Jjj, ri d(Jal 'g/laj//lE:1'11

aYl!?a uov va :rfUaYfl, va TaX XWU1]

r(Jai r~a%>La XOl!aUI 'i ut n~f!a

yiixw (7Jrf[!avr~a Ya ut mi!?Ol mga.

"[2 0flOQ'P1], OjWQrprj j10U %oJrHla,

noao yua2i~fL TO nQooOlno OOV ua.y >L£Qaol.

'Ewie; y£VY1]Orjxaw /la~i (f:vWflEYOI)

a' txdVl] Try ymova" nov l;oiioEe; orav 1aovv avvnavTQ1].

TWQa nov daQL navrQ£flEV1] tyw JrCLQo.Xo.AW

va n£Oavl] <5 anQW; aou >Lo.i va. rOy fla!/Jl]e;

warE, arpoiJ Mv ai: nijQo. y.oQirm,

l·a7.W TrjV fMrLOCL va aE na(JOl 7.rjQo..

Giannino Aprile, Calimera e ; suo; trmldia,

Galalina 1972,0. 177.

nAPOIMIEL: AnO THN KATQ ITAAIA [(ayytO 'c; ra >Ligara TOiJ af!gaTlJ :raga 'c; ro mO,ua u-uou. Ko.kllTEQCL ara %EQCLra rov CLQyaT1] [to cVQWOtO ~OOl] nClQa aro ODa! aov aro,uCL Aevdpo, ri bt (p-tpig-!?Et, boc; IOU /li fO J'{EJ..ba.

To Oi-VTQO [ol1),o/hl III oQ1J,"tO )(OTE~OX~Y OEYl;QO] nov OEY

:rcCLQaYEI [~CA(I.V[OlO], ooe; rov flE TO :rcdbl [)(O~JC 10].

(M:rco~a)

EPQTIKO 2:AAENTINIKO TPAfOYc,I 'HJ.t.E /lOV va WJ mi££, flELYO va I'lL

Jrouoy E:I' wgla TOUl] JWU (JOl y>Lam;)

rjAIE Jrou oAo W %OU/lO uou n!?ani,

JlF /lOU, UC>LOUYWV IOul] ciVTC 1m);

Tuc 0 ljJ./O /lOUJ'{E: /lOU >LaYE< VTgoJrli

!UtJq E ,7J,iO'Jr! pi:va W{!ta TO "nT/a

E'y rji./o ay",a7C1J POV .TIW Ut: (pluujlir;fI

rue flEe; TEe; avre uav rjho.

'HiLE flOV .U1] tp£uyEte;, ,udv£ va ow;

Jloao ElV' OPO(}tpI7 aUTrj nov eyr» UYU.7W

17}.. LE, ltOV 0' 6},o TOll 'Xoa,U.O EOV J[EQJro.rri~

nt; ,LlOV,

G(J.jJ XL

avnj

Et/)f; 'XO,LLtG.)"

KaL 0 ljlw:; ,;!OV 'n£: l'l"Qi.-ro,uat roUT1J dvw OI!O(!tpOT£(!l] ano ,lIEva, ol.'fla Eival 0 rj),we;, (lY'/;-(1] flOU, JlOV O£ O%La!;Cl Xl ava/lwa one; alAEe; aav IjllOe; [Aaj.101EU;]. AY~fJ,

Bayaaae'l-M£QYlavou,

Aaoygotpti
Alhjva 1989,0.423. nOLl11l0 o.ito()l06flCVO (J'tOY ovaAqJa~11'0 Aoixo itOl'l'~ OitO 10 2:oAivTO, wv Koxa),ovY1o (it(tQWvVllLO TOU Vilo Anto nio Tommasi, 1850-1920).

190

I:AA~NT()-KMAlIl'l,\-rIK~AIA •

S,UENTO·CALABllI,\-SICILY

H EAAIlVIK~ YAWOOa 0IaTTlP~8IlK£ we; oi]ll£pa O£ ouo YAWOOlK£e; Vlloio£e; mil VOTlO I1OAia, Ilia KOVTO mllv nOAIl Reggio Tile; KaAa6piae; KQl Ilia mllv n£plox~ Salento Tile; AnouAiae;. 2:Tllv npWTIl VllorOO TO £MIlVIKO 10[wlla 06~V£I, mil O£UT£PIl £lVOl aKOlla ~WVTavO. 01 £MIlVO
To

A£wvi~lo

(WT. N.

llcouHa~).

TLAKQNIKOJ XAIPETILM01 Kaou(! EXO;'LarE (xoJtuiaarE): xaJ.dx; r;?cearE.

Ka JtO(!Eia wi 'ZE"rE raE va Savaflo)aE: xaJ.6 OQa,uo va 'XEYE

xw va flW; ;avclQOEYE.

TLAKQNIKA AINlfMATA

Xihot f/'l.yiytOt xaoy~ot a' tva (!am ;wItxroi

[pMn].

Nia raia Kwurwva rOov roizou tvt af{!l'tal'it;a.

Mia eda K
um

Ta flaX(!jia tXoYrroai; a ltOva EXxaf/JtaruE, 0 flU),£ xocpov, ra buov raXia EvavrOar.

TaIWXQ<6. "OvrvvuvE, ro XWVI xari{3rp
ra OVO TQia Eyll'av (fEgOC;).

°

TA ONOMATA TQN HMEPQ

TID: EBl',Ol\llAl',AL

TO ~ KOI (jJ tYIVOV W (WUAO: ~UAO, WW)1i: (jJW}.li) , mllv AnOUAio rpO (rpoi ITO BOPEJO MHTPODOMflKO Ic.lQMA pW: ~ipw, arpOT]AOe;: (jJT]AOe;). To P~[lOTO O£ -£uw Myouv mllv AnouAio (X(J)(?,a. KaOrClVLWo. xat Li,mvo.) O£ -iw (moTsw) KOl mllv KOA06pio O£ -iggouw (moTiggouw). LJevri(!a, Taira, Tivreva, JItqrra, nU(!a{r;(~ !.'(l.flJta, Taov {Jaxa, H TaoKwvlK~ 1lIa~£KTOC;

H TOOKWVIK~ Oll:lA£KTOe; £ivOlllllOVll V£O£AAllVlK~ OlOA£KTOe; nou o£v

ADEi\O!IlA TLAKQNA TI-lL: J1POnONTIl',AL: npotpX£TOl ono Tllv KOlV~, oMo onoT£A£i £~tAl~11 Tile; oPxoiae; L'lWpl

r.i yowai;,a fI' rpul
ra t;vfla £iv'
raai TO xa{Jyi ural' I
H TOOKWVtK~ OlOlp£iTOl O£ OUO £nL[Jtpoue; lOIW[JOTO, TO 60P£lO AnOKPIATIKO TPAfOY6] (XWplO KomOVlWO KOt ~iTOlVO) KOl TO OuvTllPllnKOT£po vono. Mio HU{JE JTori TO J.v;.;o JrEXOV[irl.go nopoMoy~ Tile; TOOKWVlK~e; [llAlOTOV We; TO 1922 KOt OTO XWplO BonKo raE 1J a)",Tuuvra va {Jl '1rfj KOl X060uwi Tile; IlIKPOOlOTlK~e; OKT~e; Tile; nponovTiooe; (VOTlOOunKO rcr; JtQUVT£; Tile; ApToKlle;)· 01 KOTOlKOi TOUe; £YKoTOoTo811KOV [l£TO TO 1922 010 lIugE pai' TO ;';OWt O[iroVM!1'O fla(!OU).a l'a rpvrrollEL Ltp6l0 Tile; KO~OVlle; KOl Kupiwe; 010 XlOVOTO Tile; KomopIOe;. Il.l' TO povao; EivOl O~lOall[l£iwTo on Ol OPOl TOOKWVIO, TOOKwvee;, WOKWV1KOe; HI'~c pai' TO fJovvrt aaY7<[iturlavo EivOl 0YVW010l OTllv TaOKWVlK~ OlOA£KTO. D£v unoPXouv m[OJle; TPO fIl· ra rai(!ara va YOUOlO onl OlOA£KTO OUT~. Ol TOOKWV£e; TPOYOUOOUOOV 01llv KOIV~ awnjaEt ra raE{Jirr.; N£O£AAllvIK~ To np060AAOIl£VO oov WOKWVOYAWOOO TPOYOUOlO o£v TaE flavxo XW!iEi ywaixc rov Kou{Jivu EivOl 611[lOTIKO. "aval cpt vriJ.OI aXOVl'TOV ~TO mOKwvlKO OIOTllP£iTOI TO OWPlKO 0 ()lon"): )1OrT]p), TO U npo 6)~ Tf~ avrE ¢tP£TOl we; OU ~ IOU (0 (jJOUXa: T] (jJUXr7), TO T£AIKO -e; £Knim£l OTllV BQr;xc!; JtorE w /.V"O I~oa"o OVOIl001IK~ TOU 0PO£VlKOU (0 aVT£: 0 aproe;) KOl TO op8po T], TT]e;, TT]V nIl' a),w;ov va rpvlaEL tXOUV Til [lOP¢~: a (0 OaTT] T] euyaripa), rap (rap OXpo: TT]e; axAa ne; Kone;; Olac:;), rav (rav £Aia: rT]v cAla). Ano miopoOJl npo
NIKOMOL: KONTOL:.onOYAOL:

191

tlIAi\EKTOI

KAI

ItllOMATA

nONTIAKH KAI KAnnAllOKIKH H ~ov~ T~~ navaYlo~ Iou~€AO OTOV novro, KtvrpO AOTpdo~ TOU nOVTlOKOU dA~vlo~ou (WT. I\i~o ·E8cpT).

TIAPOIMIEL nONTIQN

oj.

:4.xov),oVv va iYOVvISEV, 0 JraXa}Jrv imI.VC(!EI/JCV XL iJroixcv fJ£xa XaraMt. o YVWOTIXO, wOJrou va av),)OytmE~ 0 lwJa$6, JravrQEVT'l "E "I i"avE Oi"a nau3ui. Tal' f:rE:l/JW lqrrvsav -amI', Xl kf.ivo<; [).e.;cv: {J(!d~v b'.

Tov aOU:lVTQono TOV irpwvav, 'a E"eLVO<; HEye: «{Jl2iXEL!».

TIANTPOJ\orHMATA ITHN KATITIMOKIA

Tm, I:iJJ.La Juyal.ovoao' ra rooa Jia., £
lROvov, ,Tf!E.T' va PhifoovjiL, Vii' vLUavarsiaovaL. TallE:

roil oJriral f;l £Va xo(!ira' xooa, xaJo, (hio' IJsuv {Ii: /;41',

x' beef' r' XOlJiru' va 'V(!itj!ovpt Jral(!i pa<;. Na ).a~OOVjiL

row KtiJara, va<; ;'rtl:'l va, d'Cu firm rrlilv XO(}'1 oa, a(J.J:I r'

lladtJ.~,Jrall!iv dov.

ra

ra

H OlOASKTOe; nou I1lAlOTQV OTOV nOVTO (as 800 OUVOAlKO nOASle;, xw pia KOl OlKl0I10Ue;) we; TO 1922 nposPxsTOl ono TT'lV SMllVt0T1K~ KOlV~, Irry IW,'l (}'iya,uE)"uEyw.waav ra nWOla,Ua" yiv1lxE E!xO

nou OTIlV nsplox~ aUT~ sixs lWVlKO UnOOTpWl1a. 'OI1WC; TO nOVTlaKO omiVTE XI20YWV, nQinEL va TO JravrQf,/Jou,uE, va TO aeQa

osx81lKav nOlKlASe; smopaOSle; ano TOmKSC; yAwoose; (apxa[se; KOl !301VlaaOVV. Irou raVE TO onin E'VW Eva XOQiroL 6,uoQrpo,

VSOTSpSe;) KallOlO[TSpO ano Tllv TOUpK1K~. >w}.o, Wro ,uioa [SOl Of siQE! (of fJyij%E nOrE [sOIl, %l iXEivo

H OlOASKTOe; OlO
KWOTa, lCIi'l, ii, (va) :;rEi on ri{v "OQ7/ ao<; r~ O[AEl ,)

xaiK~ npo
na OUVTOKTlKO WT. NTopa M~vai5~). «To AOYKaola ~i: Tau~ Tpun~Tou~ 8poxou~, TO (A-X- AOUTT]OE:<; 01 nOVTlOI, ono Tllv OVTwvul1la oou1o<;: QUTO<;). "yt~ovTa, oeOA~GlV" oav anOKO~UnTiKO ~wa" (r. r€
a,

Kio~", 40KI/lC" T. 2, o. 85).

PlOX~

A81lvWV - nSlpOlWe;) Il nOVTlOK~ OYWV[~81Ol aril1spa va sm6lwosl

OE nEiollo TWV KOlpWV. To IlSMOV EivOl OOIlAO, oMO Ol nOVTlOI EtVat

tva EAAIlVIKO <\JUAO 1l0XIlTlKO, nou oL08sTEl

IOXUP~ 1000PIK~ IlV~IlIl·

To nOVTloKO OIOlPOUVTOI OE TPW; IlEyoAEe; OloAEKTlKSe; OIlOOEe; (OlVOUVTloKO, TponE~OUVTlOKO, XOMlWTlKO) Kol OMEe; IllKpOTEpEe;, onwe; TO KOPOAIOlKO (Tile; nEpIOX~e; Kope; TaU KOUKOOOU) Kat TO nOVTlOKO Tile; BOpEIOe; OKT~e; Tile; A~O<\JIK~e; GOAOOOOe; OlIlV OUKpOV10, onou KOl YPO¢OVToV OE EvonOlllllsVIl 1l0P
LTllv KonnoooK1K~ OIO,\£KTO OV~KOUV: TO loiWIlO Illoe; 01l600e; XWplWV VOTlOOUTlKWe; Tile; KOlOOpEloe; Kat TO Konwc; OIO<\J0P£TlKO ana aUTO 10lWil0 TWV
rrONTIAKO EPQTIKO TPArOYLlI EiT' braiva paJ.ii-prJ.lii' db' o(!prJ.vii' xai Atpa.lJii xai ai J.L{Jabi'J n;v tix(!av EarEXEV lJcvr(!iv xai JLi:';a' pi vE(!rJ.VT~ii rpopTwpbov, "EffJ,waa' va ffai(!w liya x' qo),aarEV' ~ AEjIOva p', -it1., AEpOva p', flax, AEpova p', VTO xo),iiaxwat-,' AEpova p'; "A v traax{j)(Ja ';(Aa(JOJrOl!, /I

VIi XAE(!OfJfaL TO Xf(!OffO p"!

KL' av [papava rpV})JJJfOV, ,. va papaivera! TO t[Jono p'"! "AX, AEjJ.Ova p', [lax, /1fpOva p', aU Oa lvwal T' ipOva ",

1. oral' n~ywva ana o,llaXir; ow(3aaELC; 2 [Iovva 3. aTOV J,l (3aowv 4. {3Qtaxowv OiVTQO xw /-,aJ..Lara /-,eya),o 5. an),waa 6. Ov/-,wae 7. ywri Ov/-,wvelr; 8. 0.1' canaaa Eva x),aoaxl 9. va ,ueiVEt napa),VTa Ta XEQa.XI fJOU 10, rpv),),aQaXI 1I ~ 1jJvxov ),0. {lOV 12. wv Oa yivEtr; OIU~ {lOU (orrou TO XUlrLXO T' EllaI'D avtL T' EfJOV).

=ullaVAU!fTl1 1I0pa ana

TOV n6VTO

(yOpw

OTa

1900).

rrAPOIM1H TEL KArrnA60KJAI 'a 'ylJ.i"t.'"l/O"W, iv' ctT6c[vo 'Xao. '0, n e' ayamjow, ["dvo eivm xaAo.

Tou

Iie; Hi EpyaMv do '(PTaJ.pl uov; '0 il/mpo pou.

- XaJJpou iiv awovdo rpa9IXa fJyalpil'o,

Dotor; aov "'11;'aJ.E TO ,uan aov; 0 aOEA",), ,LtoV.

- Ii' aura eivm EUll ~aetit {3yaA/dvo_

N 'I'aixa TO lJi'i[lo ElJbaab dy. ao ;wvp-vt.

H yvvoiua TO oLa.fJoAa TOl' c'pnoat orr) aTa.,uvo_

'Onwe; OTOV nOVTO, STal Kat OTIlV KonnoooKlo, unOPXEl TO oVOlXTO E KOl TO opepo aTOV, aTT)V, ara npo¢spOVTOl aov, aT)v, aa.•

NIKOMOL. KONTOL.OnOYAOL.

193

AXTI6El:

TO AHMOTIKO TPArOY4I Ta~naup
i\aIKJi~ Ttxv~~).

'0 ncivvoq xav£t Tr, xapa, () liayvo,; xav£t ya/'o,

O).OV TOY XO(J/'O xti)£(J£ Xl ohJVq roil,; iotxou,; rov,

.0 rrravpauo OE:v xtikaE,'Ov ti&p((!OJrotro.ov [.•. J

'0 Nlxoralitla'7ro)£pii pi; Tpia {JtJ.atna,

rr, Zir.va xai TO Xawaxa, TO [!!'Ipo TO HeaP!.

Tp£!,; /lE(l£'; xavEt 7rokpo, T(l£iq pfg£'; xai T{.Iti,; vVxu,;.

XIOv' hpwyav, XIOv' E:uvav xai Tr, ((!wua parn:ov(Jav [...]

LTCl ouo ClJWarrOalWtCl (ro lIQono, '1 ClQX~ EVO<; aXQLrLxov XaL TO OE1mQO, 'q aQX~ EVO<; xA€qmxou) ElVOl qL(pav~e; 11 rrQoTLflqCJ'1TOU OqfLOTl1WU rrOlqll1 aTq QTlflanx~ xm rraQa wxnxli EXqJQaCJq. To Q~~.Cl nQoCJoLOEl afJ.EOOl:l1W CJrov 1.0 yo, lOwlTEQa OWV ElVOl OE EVEOTWW XQovo. To oUCJwaTlxo, «0 OT€QEO<; X00i-l0e; lWV rrQCLYi-l0TWV» (f. ArrooroAcli
0

L..

L..

..:.~

>p'

Ta

~,.

6/

6TaVY U'O

c-

,..., L.. " ~I

~-,

yal

u:.,o

:v.., "'---.,. o

0,

;-- I

I

C\\~ c-~ \.-, 'L-"" 1# _ _ .""JIo

1<-' TQ

ll"E'

VO

0

'
;~~"eo

0

dE pa a ~~Q

I

~c-<--~c.....b .. ,1.0" 6Tnv ~v ---;,Aa 'YE"t"

c...&..-

1<..

\.c:; b.., L.. --~...

C /7

~~

0

n ov

1"' 0

~

/0 ~

Tn~

.... "

...

6.vU.V~Y~lcJ'TC) TO ~"I1~:$

ij

--"

aUT~ £X£I TI<; pi~£<; Hj<; 010 nap£ASOv. KOl flO va II £VVOl OAOYlK~ Ouyy£v£la TWV A£ ~£wv «Tpayouol» KOi «Tpa

youow» fl£ Tl<; aVTI0101X£<; «Tpaywolov" Kal «Tpaywow» TWV aUToKpOTOplKWV Xpo vwv epaiv£TOl va S£j.1£AlWV£1 TllV anOljJll OTl 01 AuplKoa epllYllflOT1K£<; «napaAoy£<;» avayovTOl O1a Tpayouola nou ouvoowav TOU<; xopou<; TWV «navTO~i flwv" Tll<; U01£Pll<; aPXOlOTllTa<;. AMa KOi Ta llPWIKO Tpayouola ~ £Kd va fl£ S£fla TOV £PWTO, Tllv ~£vlTla KOi TO SavOTO epa[V£TOI va £XOUV

Ollfl£lWVOTOV £VTOVO £volaep£pov Yla Hlv KaTOypa
\,...,

~_l~ ~ uwv '!STav

KOl 01 aM£<; flOPep£<; Aa'iKou npoepoplKOU A6you, £TOl KOl

afl£Oll ~ £flfl£Oll o;(£Oll fl£ TO aVTl0101xa TWV 6u~avTlvwv Xpovwv. H flaKpa aun'] nopda 010 Xpovo o£V £X£l OU01UXW<; o~fl£pa Ouv£X£la. 01 10TOPIK£<; KOi KOlVWVlK£<; OUVS~K£<; nou £mKp6Tlloav O1llv EMaoa fl£Ta TOV nOA£flo £Kavav va aTov~ooUv 01 OUMOYIK£<; KOlVWVIK£<; £KOllAWO£l<; nou £owoav floPep~, n£pl£xofl£VO KOi A£IToupy[a 010 0llflOTlKO Tpayouol, £mep£povTO<; £TaL 6aSfllaia TO T£AO<; Tll<; avana paYWYlK~<; TaU OlaOIKao(a<;. H OllflOTIK~ nOlllOll Sa dX£ [ow<; xaSd OPlOTlKO, av KaTa TOV n£paofl£vo Olwva KOi TlC; apx£<; TaU 200u o£V

~;i

3

I

To OrllJOTlKO TpaYOUOI ano T£Ad fl£PO<; TOU £VT£XVOU Aa"lKou npoepoplKOU A6you KOl W<; T£TOlO dVOl aPPllKTa oq.l£vo fl£ 1llV l010pia Tll<; EMllVlK~<; yAwooa<;. 'Onw<;

-r>

dpo : 'l6:uJ~ 1./.,,; opo

t.~~OTrK6 Tpayoti~1 an6 XElpoypafjlO T~~ MavJi~ 16Jipwv.

.. "Av OflWe; J.l.' eVOLmpfQEl,rrQiv OJl' oACL, 11 xaUI1EQl] Jlol qCJ'1, 0Ev ElVCll ~E~alu 01%1l fJ.0u II alCtoq lOU ),EJlTEJtLAeJllOU aQcoloxQa"CLaflou rroD avOloE xCllxoQmoE flE 100q yAuxu T'11O. 010V «'mo flCle;, xaLnoD 1WLWI:;E Cmo rroAD-IToAU 1jJq),o. £11£ )'.X- la bTlJ.l.01l1.<1 lQCl/ouOla ElIE 10V 'Eewr6xf2tw. 'AllEVaVTlW;, 1<1 XElflEVCL a-tmi, xo.Owe; XCll 6 MaxQuYloV Vqe;, fLOD l\wGClv JlCivw Ol:~V £AAl1Vly.11 YQaqri] nOAD JlEQla oOlEQa aiTLJ nOAAOUe; OEoAoyoue; ).O/OTEYVLCt,..." r. LEqJ£Q11e;, «Movo),oyo<; nc(vw oTijv nOl'1a'1", LJOXl!tE<;, 1. A', a. 158.

"ii,

218

KPOTllOll TaU 0ll flOTlKlOflOU 000 KOl O1ll olaflopepwoll TllC; nOlllTlK~C; YAwooac; TaU TOnou. H Cm04Jll TaU Fauriel (1824) OTl II yAwooa TWV 0llflOTlKWV Tpayouolwv «£lval oflaA~ Kal 0PlOfl£Vll, flia Kal OflOY£V~C;" (yoA'\l:<:a homogene) uno01llP(XTllK£ fl£ S£Pflll ana TOV LOAWflO, TOV Po"lOll KOl TOU<; OllflOTIKI01£C;, £vw afl
/

SSCJll jlS H!V npOOWmK~ nOlllCJll onou Il ouxvOTIlW TOU OUOla01lKOU slVQl nOAU jlsyaAuTsPIl ana SKslvllTOU p~jl010e;. LTIl OlljlOllK~ nOlllCJll Kuplapxsl Il napOW~1l KQl slVQl lOlalTspa ouxvoe; 0 sUSue; Aoyoe;, 0 OlaAoyoe; KQl Il XP~OIl Tile; npOOWnLK~e; aVTwvujliae; TOU npc;nou KQl OSUTSpOU npoownou. H "AOYOTumK~" OOjl~ Tile; OlljlOnK~e; nOIIlOT)e; anoTsAsl aLjJsuo~ jlopwpa Yla Tllv npoepoplK~ TIle; ouvSSCJll KQl OIQOooll. H ouvSSOT) jls jlovooa Til eppoCJll KQl 0Xl Til M~Il, onwe; Kal 010V npoepoplKO Myo, KQl Il XPIlOljlOnOlllCJll oUyKSKpljlEVWV ,,8SjlOTWV", 0IlAaorl jllKPWV 600lKWV SVOT~TWV Ol~YIlCJlle;, OslXVSl TOUe; nsplOplOjlOUe; KQl Til OXlljl010no[IlCJll TIle; YAwooae; nou OepslAOVTQl O1IlV npoepoplK~ Tile; t:ns~spyaoia ana nOMOUe; 0lljllOUpYlKoue; epOpsle;. H yAwooa KaS[0101Ql EVa KOlVOXPIl 010 «OU01lljlO" EKeppaCJlle;, 010 onolo nOMEe; eppOOSle; YIVOVTQl «01S psownse;" ~ «TUnLKEe;" (AoyoTunol), t:nSlO~ olaTunwvouv jlS s~Qlpsn K~ OUVTOjllO KQl aKpl6sla Kalplo VO~jlO1a Yla TOV KOOjlO TOU 0lljlOnKOu TpayouoloU. 'OAIl aUT~ Il OXlljl010nOlllCJll OUTS naYlwvsl OUTS aopavo nOlsl TOV AOyO. AVTl8na, TOU npoooloSl Evav S~QlpnlKO OUVajllOjlO, KaBwe; 0 XP~01Ile;, nou slval KOTOXOe; TIle; nOlllnK~e; TSXVlK~e;, slVQl as BEall va XPIlOljlOnOlsljls TO OtKO TOU npoowmKO Tpono TO SSjlanKO KQl YAWOOIKO UAlKO. 'Eva aAAO OUOlWOSe; xapaKTIlPlonKo Tile; OlljlOnK~e; nOlilOIle; slVQl on XPIlOljlOnOlSl jlSWepOpEe; KQl SlKOVSe; ana Til epuOIl, Yla va OptOSl, jls Tpono avaAoylKo, Tllv KOlvwvla ~ KQlTO aVTl8no. To xapa KTIlPlO1lKO aUTO OSV SIVQl oslyjla epUOloA01plae;, aMa anoppOla TOU «avaAOYlKOU" Tponou OKELjJIlC; TWV napaOOOlaKWV KOlVWVlWV, 0 ono[oe; sm60MSl OjlOAoylse; aVOjl£Oa 01Tl epUOT) KQl TOV nOAlTlOjlO, npOKSljlE VOU va SPjlllVSUSsljlS aUTOV TOV OUyKSKpljlEVO KQl SlKOVlOTlKO Tpono Il ~W~ KQl 0 ovSpwnoe;. '. .

hopo OE:

KP~TIK6 K£VT~~O,

lBoe; 01.

(A8~va,

MOUOE:io

EH~VIK~C;

ha'(K~e; Ttxv~e;).

«... XOLQOflm va rraLQvovr;m yLa SEXLVllfw 1(1 (n'!flouxa 1QayouOLa, 8a '8E),0 af.lW;, arroLO; f.lEWXfIQ[~E1m eilV xAE Cp-tLX1] yAOJaaa, va ,~ f.lt"taXELQ[~E1m a11'lv ouoia 111; XL 0XL an1 f.lOQCP~ 11];..." Ema10A ~ IO),WfLOU rrQo; rcWQYLO TEQwE11]. 6.. IOAWf.l0;, 'AnaVTa, 1. 3, «An'lAOYQa.c~[a", a. 254. TO TPAfOYM TOY fIAKQBAKH "00'fl0 ;amE(JLa, IJ' 8J.o TOV "OIJj10 fjJ.lOq,

mfjv Ef!Tjj1Tj ,ifVl1{Jaj1aVTTj Eva (Japu IJ"ovu/.,k

Mlit·a 0 ijJJ.o, XaOTjXE, j1ljva "ai ,0 rpEyyapt;

- N-oiJfJi 6 ii;,lO, XaOTj"E, v-ov,5i "ai TO rpEyyapt,

TOV naxw(J(j;~Tj IJ;'OTWIJaV mfjv [Jgaj1aVT' ano ;,aTw.

T{lia VTOUrpEXW ,ofJwxav, ,a Tgia apafJ' - apa,5a'

'va nijpE ;oJf!Epj1a xai T' iiJ,Xo j1EIJ' ani j1EIJ1],

TO Tgiro ,0 rpapj1a"E(Jo ,ov nijgE IJTO ;'Erpah.

To mOj1a r' a~Ja yt0j10UIJE, T' rlXEiJJ. rou 'Pap/La;'l,

;'t if yJiiJIJlJa r' rlTj,5ovolah'{ ;,ai ;'EJ,aTjfJEi' xai Ji:Et:

- "To nov ElIJTE naJJ.Tj;,agta j10U, J.iya "t aVTpEtWj1Eva;

IItlgn j10U TO ;'ErpaJ.J. j10V VIZ j1ifv napovv iiJJ.ot».

E' 8lo

'w

ro

,w

ro

AXQaLO nOQaOELYfW (J',(IW((1LX~; oQyaVliJCJ'l; 11]; a1lfLOu X~; rraQaOoa~;. H OL~'i~O~ anoQTi.~EWL ana ~IW Of.laOa «01JOLacrtLX
10ll A. Lord), ITOll a.navnDv,UL allxva a11]v Y-A.Ecpnx1l )[.oi1]CJ'l, XWQlc; vu owvOL(nm uno «OLuxOaf.l'~uxa" 11 «"E QLYQuq.L7.a" SEWnu, AQ.xi~EL [.IE flW [Lauyu.lY'Y.l·1 (l;
ana

HX~TIK6 OVTIKE:i~tvo

aTl<;

ni.£~iate;

xoptinplo<; (A. De La

Molraye, Voyages en Europe, en Asie et en Afrique, 1727).

XPYIOYM XATZHTAKH-KAlVOMENOY

219

TO

rAOrrlKO

ZHTHMA

rMIIIKOI APXAiIMOI KAI 4>IAOIOCS»IKH ANANEfiIH 040 E

"'OLlO:;E

(J'Y L ! J<'H';E ~

A' K P 0 A'

E

n

(

e l' rO

I 1

~;'~'Y'

E 0 1.1> .& A 0 YI

n(J~iY'.·4J

/ ~JI1/~' Ao~.

I 01'1

KOPT~AAEn'" .,:.. _ :-. ~'. '''~'... 'r" ~• • ,.t'....... ~.~ .. :~.': . ; ";v.'.,:l.rr

.. ···1f\1( 1'141T'/\ roy fI.'t"XJr.fll"'-'::0 ;J

rIC

, •••

!: ~~A:' lor=n:..rI"l>IlI·~ .: .. 1

lrllo

:;,t1~ 1\.1'~U-V'l..

\.,.; "'II"~'"

Xnm'dJ\:''J· dfik'ef'>"l.a.'

KfPJOT

dJD~a.

X~~":~':::'~~'O'~J~,? Y. I

af,~,ir,

...~.~ ..."-~ - ";}l

j

i ..

,\:otl ... \.c

J ·.-..... U·

-r.~

L

r

I ~., ...... ··I·.;:~f;

e' ')"i"EilIOltt.

liT~OU TOU tpyou TOU 0. Kopu~aUw<;, £io060,

f:

i
,.

CON~tCF.~~A

H o~M~a

la,~:j:;Ka,

F'NETrH:?;'IN~~

xl,.,]'

...

~~l: ~ f

~,

'

~.&J"O#~""

Ix~~a T~<; I\OYIK~" l:X~~laypa~~a yla l~V Ka~uT£p~ KaTQv6~0~

TWV ouHaYlo~wv. ::uAoYPO
AtW" fi, OTTOOOV Ti)v AOYIKi)v TOU 'APIOTOTiAou"

'YTTojJvtjpora

Koi Zl/TliIJOTO, B~vCTia 1729 (A6~vo, r~vv6~£10, BI8AlOe~K~).

, ',.,

I

E"~I'("~ ~~::'::1('z

..

Clo~ •

ill XI""",,~,~

"';'~T#A;~,

';";P/~'I'l'

&tr.; C:.>-..t·

:1::S~'l ,.,

, ':'I"~I'~"""'J', ~"d~O
~Y~(~Qfi.'af,~

., ~,~d"'.(!~ •

~ ~"yt t5JJ.0"~

l,nX(~4I. ~

r~vva~£lo<; B,e~I06~K~).

r'

1

rocotr,o.·, T'; AJrD f'~"~.;

, ,,,,p~.~""~'D "1'0"'7'"#",

Ao~.

rpu

O!Kij, ciKPOOO~W, KOT' 'APIOTOTt;,~V, B~vCTia 1779 (A6~va,

o!!,,,:r'?,·~

\

Gl'U'Jo"Nwn,'l

"p;)"!,,,,,,

~

.,.~~~u~"

'.,

( ~YIH."",

1-l:!!:T.\~l., ~f nfl"(,\~,"-Yr' .\r:;:-I·!\>:.:.~:·ror KTnPlrn.[ T 0 ~l O:!: n!' n TOY, , of" ,-,"l',

~ I :/j

"'1·'It'~.,.(;~,

';').",..trt).l(#

''"',Ir."J'f'!JHt', ) I'D ,,,lrtJtI', Gnt tf,,,m'"

:E

K '\ T A'.PI..zTOTE'i\ HN

.'"r;

l'f.f,

1&, "i. a~:';Jlta" .. ';1';;'\""'" 70 a.:pt'rtJ~,

:(1

,

at.'

N

(11"ltUt,

nr""i".1,";/1;',\

d":~_~~-~H~P'!' ,-.-"'I'd.· ,

. J

.

T? ru:x:PO,'~ TO

JliTa,llt'JT<'JJ""

Jur'"

.-;A",'J'.

;.ror. WI#:'e-.;,'

\ '-'Cf' '''FtTJ/f'

~~,.~~".,\

X7n't'.'; ~ (7T':Td~..,

r~ Jr:YN., ~, ..../

\),<':'-"1'0.,:

f[1E.

~

r~~).tr·;'~' 1

~,">'''' . ! I:: r" ;,,,,,,,,,/,,,.,.

c>{)~.

",.

I\

~.~' I"f"t!'·

" IF/rfJ#' OiJlii:v ovrw roi, aVOpW1!'OI, rif1luv tv qiJ /Ina uW/luro, r; ;;""~';P,)· S~/u(Jfllj~ (Jirp, a))' oiJli' brwlaJ.ou, WIJOJ.QyTJ .\ ~4"fp ....q~. ...,;I '~I("1K(n rat. Eir; lJc cplAOfJOefia, i1!'i(JafJIv d'uoM, ian f1ia, ~ ,jul rijr; }.oyl;.cij, /lEOQ(iou lfI£pouua, oi'rw, avay>laia, el» r(O H OU~60TlKr) anoljJf) nou £n£60A£ 0 Of)~OTlKLOIlOe; OTf)V LOTOpio Tile; alir(O /ltrP!O r~v I.pIMuocpiav roi, /la()//ltwuI IliTf}elq()al ocrrp >lai TIl; /It'UOr}ov raiJr'l~ trUlE c7.auro, Wf101{jljaa;. EAAf)VIKr)e; yAWOOOe; np£06£U£1 OTl Ol OV VC:WCC;;e; Hle; nVSU;.JOTlKr)e; "Orov Xef{!IV xa! VIii" y)qOf1/!:l,o,,; bi eivaxrol.'ta JT{!O ~Wr)e; KOI 01 Pf)~IK£A£u8£e; IO£OAOY1K£e; Tono8£Tr)O£Ie; OUVO£OVTOl XW{!~Uaf TIl, rpl.)ouol.pia;, ,ii, rotalirl" /lc06clou liEf, ~v ro KOTO KOVOVa ~£ Tf) Xpr)Of) Tf)e; "!jJUOlKr)e; yAWOOOe;" r) TOU «OnAOU yf; I'UI' {l.0v EicraywytxWTEf!QV v/liv C7.0'wOw;Oa irp' oaov U!jJOUe;" Tf)e; EnOxr)e; KOTO Tf)V onolo OUVT£AOUVTOl Ol OlOVOf)TlKOl ovo TO yE ayllpvaurol' Tli, vf1f;ripa; lIaraAI/I/JEW, xai ro 7.arf; JUi'yov rij~ wpa, a,TaITci. npooovOTOAlOI·.lOI. H anOljJf) OUTr) £l.Jn£Pl£X£1 OTOlX£[O ovoXPOV10IlOU, Ko!!u~a).£u<;, lJyooi!,/.()lI fir; AOY/.lNjV, 0, 3

ra

e.

(Exll. C. 'oira).

LtD n()ooil'wl' de; ;loYlx;'" a KoguOaA£us JtQooygarpEL 0111 rpU,ooorpla (l~La Ou:m O'U\'l;ELV£L (J111v E1'~(lli(/ ~wv av8gWJClllV xm avayogEUEL t~ AOYIX~ (JE oQyavo ytC1 nlv EmruXEOtEg~ rrQooj)aOTJ «[Jtt HI «(vaXtogtC1» t~S qJlAOao· 'PlW;. Autll xma 111 YVW~l~ tou llwV 11 xmEJtElyouaa a.vc't yx~ tTJS En']Vl){~S xOtvwvi·a.S OtlS p.EQES WU. H cn:c't0l1 tOU O'UVI.OtU EVOEI~11 t'1S EXXOOll[X€UOTJS T(JJV a.SIWV Jtou 01!VOE [Wl rtE tl1 ouoTTJ~lany.ll EJta.rFll rtE 1'1 Ouga8Ev 'PlAOOO'PLX~ rrmoda.

222

En£lOr] np08aAA£L npoe; npoy£v£OT£p£e; EnOx£e; Tle; OIOl1aX£e; TOU

YAWOOIKOU ~f)Tr)I1OTOe; TOU 190u KOI TOU 0PXOIl£VOU 200u ot. !:luo napoo£iYlloTO nou £lKOVOYPO!jJouv xapOKTf)pIOTlKa TO 6PlO TOU OVO aUTOU £[VOI Ol n£pLnnlJO£le; TOU 8SO!jJ[AOU KopuooAtwe; KOI TOU NIKOAaou MOUpOKopoaTOU.

XPOVlO~OU

08. KOPUOOA£Ue; (1571-1646) Y£VVr)8f)K£ OTf)V A8r]vo. To OtKO Y£V£IOKO TOU OVOllo r)TQV LKOpOOAOe;, oAAa 0 iOLOe; TO 11£T£6oA£ O£ KOPUOOA£Ue; £ni TO AOYLOT£pO. Lnouooo£ OTO EJv\f)V1KO KOAA£YIO TOU Ayiou A8ovooiou OTf) PW~f) (1600-1606). LTf)V nQi5080, 6nou ~o8~

TSUOS uno TOV Cesare Cremonini, SYKOAnw81lKS HI VSOOPLOTOTSALK~ ¢LAooo¢io. 0 V£OOPLOTOTSALO~Oe; oVTLnpoownsus tva p£ulla onoo£ 0IlSUOIle; Tile; supwno"iK~e; ¢LAooo¢iac; ana TOV Il£OOIWVIKO OpIOTOTS AIOIlO TaU 0wIJa AKlVa1fl (1224-1274) KOI £OTLO~OTOV OTIlIlSA£TIl TT]e;
npoownoypaioC; TWV N£WT£PWV", aHa £~t
'£x,ivo bi I'0v(n TW v NE(J)rf{!(J)l' ovx brwvw, TU oicwl'i :rr:ohl'lIv avwaX1J(!vxorar; iviovr; .'l:go; "'/" >lom;v Wlre!!(I. n;I' rpV(Jtv, xai dr; rLT{!OU!pVJ.6v tlva r.a}J.(})'TI~()l'i:I·(lU; ayxil'ow\', ,Tf!Of/Jau£1 !Tf(!/C(J.You i{!d"'//r; 1"61' iUl:o<;, ([>tJ.oOiov l1(i(!ll'ya, cr,

no

(t.l, ElO<>UOEl ora «£v<>Ol-LUXa 111C; qnJuewc;'", a N. MauQoxoQOUlO; loAj,J.a 1'0. <>LCI1<'llPUSH all XQ.L a «00q;0C; AQL01;QlEA11C;» 0.1' ~wv <>uvmov vo. sava!;~oel 80. YlVOWV F1'xnQLoT"lC; ~WGYJ11'1S TOUC;. f',f:Y ounu!;EI, OJO"tooo, va emy.Qlvu. O"tO avOJ lEQW XWQLO, OQLOfl.EVOUC; ,.IElusi, lWV NEliJlEPWV ylUTl, o:n:wC; <>LWT10"tWVE\, EXOUV XljQUSEl rov rroi.£l-lQ «nQo; Dlv xOLV~V 1'111EQo. l'hv qnJOlV».

nALXAAH2: M. KITPOMHAIL.H2:

223

TO

rAOIIIKO

ZHTHMA

AKPAIOI APXAIITEI KAI KAGAPOAOrOI EuytVIO~ BouAYOptC; (1716-1806). XO"Koypoljlio orr6 TO 616Aio

TOU "oylxt) (1766) (AeJjvo, ApXcio npoowrroypaljllWV, KNE/EIE).

npO miwwv rOt}'apofi'll pil iWpIJti ~ivov owa, Y-ai aoa~ TOV ~E).1'1vo, ).oyOlJ, ijxnv a~liii rOI' 1p,~oaof{J~aovra, :4.;';: ex r~, rf!appanY-ii" "at rii, (J)).1'/' 'Eyxux)iov rwv pa0'lpaTWv r(!lfJiir;, ixaviii, uuy,/ex{J0T17pEVOV, [...] 'E,, UU()lilTEOl' apa Ttl J;ulJai'ari Ipl;'OUOq'EIV t.,.yayyE-Ubpeva {JlfJ).J.(jti[lW, %ii, 'Ell.alio, f{JWvT;, oIbv T£ impv-opl vovr;, avro, oulii rwv 1UlJ.W :r:ef{JI~oao'fJ'Ixorwveariv a:r:ovauOal.

w,

ii,

ElJytvLO; 8oli/.Yeel;, 'Il AO)'LXTf ix 1Ta),atiiiv U "ai vewTfpwv ovv£{JavwOdua,

Al\jliu 1766.

T{!Elr; dva, Ot ).oyOl xll[liw" u;ro rwv o:r:oiwv ;rqoazOeir; 1T(Jot"glva ro a;r;'ofi'll vrpo, bro roD EJ},TJVlilOV, '0 :r:(!wr:or; piv elvcu, lilon ~ aa'fJ~v£!a, OmiXI,Ta :r{Jaypam ixriOev ral a;ri.oixwr;, 1T{Joa),{/.p{Jtiv£! brimm'll, {} bdJTc{Jor; Iii, blon 1T[!aypara, i:x.reO£!pCva u:r:,wixw" l'iVOVTaI v0'l ra xai aUTOl, TOr, pil a!jJapEvOl, r{JapfJaTI.X7i~ 0 r!Jir.o, Iii, lidm xa),ov I·Ival rdor;, "ai Ot "£)).IIVEr; aUroi va ygarpwmv eLu :r:ept rWIl 'EmUT1'/PWv, dr£ I
fa

on

)WlflP:O; :\'lo~(JIo5o.~, fJ£w[iia Tjjr; rf.w)'{Jaq;iar;, nll""1 '1781.

at opx£e; TOU AEyOr-tEVOU YAWOOlKOU ~Trn'WQ10e;
Kupoioe; ooepoe; EUY£VlOe; BOUAYOpL<; (1716 -1806), 0 onolOe; onoooKlr-tO~E oooue; poyKloKou LKOU
(1669-1714), vo XPT]OLr-tonoL~oouV TT]V onM yAWoOO OTT] 01000KOA10 KOl OTO 816A[0 TOUe;. H yAWOOO TT]<; K08T]~EPlVOTT]1Q<; OEV ~1QV yLO TOV BOUAyOpl LKOV~ va onoTUnwoEl r-tE Ko~l/J6TT]1Q KQl OKpi8ElO TO Ul/JT]AO VO~~Q10 TT]<;
nA6Twvo KOl TWV OAAWV opxolwv
'8 y2iiiaaa frpEVpf0'lXE Yla va xOIvo},oyoDpE rfjr; t,5fat, fla, amflf.Tagl! I'a" xui )',,1 va xaraAafJaivoupl! p' cuxo lia l'l'ar; TOv 1i)J..JJv' auro lomov Iii yfl'f.Tal awartl. xai O(JOa, Ii bi' ).al()upe if Ii. liiv axoDllE rij ylwaua Jrov £x.ovp' j!~I, 1<1 OJTOV 'uvvi/Oiaa,u: va ).a).()upf. r.ai v' axoup' a;rra flly.!lara fla,' r:o {Hrolo 0-' /]liir; flV' /1 (Jwiiaina l'),w(J(J!l, ani\' oJToia PJTOPOUpe P(; xaO' WXo),i.a xai XW(Jir; IT,,b/n ;r0).J.t) \'a b.rppaf;ovpe ibiat. IJa" xai l'a xawlafJai \,ot/p'ii)Jova Wl ilall!/ TO allrO' d)J.uor; !ivIlXO).cuo/lllarf. aPY-ITa y.ai ora liuo, oral' b'lJ,abr, :r:ou!'E' ij aXOIllJOUpe vO'll/a p' i.vav aovI'7iOIUTOV T[iOJrO, :r:ov bo' 1:X0V/l' l5t.

,y,

~'lIliIT~IO; K(.tral.lT~II;,

Llft)W OT'

r, !,wpaixw ylwaaa (1783).

224

TT]e; AUOTpoouyyop[oe; Kat MOAo06AOXlO<;, 0 LT8wnooT]<; (1752-1805). a Kor-tr-tIlToe; OEX01QV on OE OAO TO WlOTIl~OVI KG oUYYPOfjIlO1Q, Kat ~OAlOTO OTT] rpOr-tr-tQ1lK~, snpWE va npOnfj01Ql T] 0PXO(O yAWOOO Kat OXL T] «8ap80po<; KOt OKoMISPYT]TO<; KOt OKov6vL OTO<; xuoaYK~ oilGAEKTO<;", 'ar-tW<; YlO TT] OXOAlK~ OIOOoKQAlO oUV1OTOUoE KOl 6L6AIO YPO~~SVQ OTllv GnArl yAWoOO. MaXT]TLKOTEPO<; ~TOV 0 i'louKoe; nou K01QnoM~T]os TT]v KOPO'iK~ OIOOOKOAlO TT]e; "r-t£0Tj<; ooou" KQl unoOT~pl~E on ~TOV OUVQ1~, r-tsoo as EUAOYO XPOVO Kat SnEt1Q ono Ef1[~OVT] onouo~, T] OVOOTOCJT1 TT]<; 0pXOlOe; yAwoooe; LTT]V EPOOEL<; TT]e; opxo[a<; yAwoooe; (jJaKapOVlO/10C;) a W1l00T]e;, T8AO<;, OEXOTOV 6n 0 ypom6<; Myoe;, o OTIlPLY~svo<; OE KOVOVlOTLK£<; oPXs<;, EiVQl OVWTEpOe; TOU npO
L'>I0T)IJT)Tplde; L'>avl~A t!JlAlnn[OT)e; (1750-1832) KQl iPT)YOplOe; KwvOTa VTOe; (1758-1844), 01 onoLOl OIJWe; OPYOT£PO, onwe; KQl 0 060KOAOe;

Ari y
Tf)~ rEwyparpia~

TOUe;, OTp6qJIlKOV npoe; OUVTIlPT)TIKOTEpE:e; OVTIMtjJEle;. npoe; OUVTIl pT)nKOTE:pE:e; avnMljJE:le; OTPEqJE:TQl KQl 0 NlKT)qJOpOe; 8E:OTOKlle;, qJiAOe; KOt oUlJnOTplWTIle; TaU BouAyapl (1731-1800). APxL~ovTQe; we; lEPOIJOVOXOe; Til OTOOlOOpOlJla TaU OTT)V K£pKupa, a 8E:OTOKIle; IJlll~ ST)KE: TT)V anAouon:pT) yAWOOO TOU MT)VlOTll, OpyOTE:pO OlJwe; IJE:Ta 60M£1 ne; onoljJE:le; TaU. LTO KUpWKOOpOJ1IOV (Moaxa 1796) £KS81£1 TT)V npOTLIJT)~ TaU npoe; TT)V «KaSop£uouoo», onwe; OUTOe; npwTOe; TT)V OVOIlOO£, TT) YAWOOIK~ 1l0PqJ~ nou, K08we; dVQl anM KQl anoAAaYIJEVT) ana ~EVIOIJOUe; KQl At~Ele; TaU alJOp qJWTOU nM80ue;, npoOE:yyi~El TllV apxo[a yAwoaa.

AiylVU 1835.

dta)£XrbJI ~E M)J)O!J£Y ovx at'm'rv br' aX{JtpE, rirv nov If(!01faTO(!WV ~flt'i)V, riJv I'liv piJ ll;ro 1favrwv xaTavoovflivrrv· iva fl~ o;r£(} Os(!aJUVUal mrwoo/lcv, romo awo JUiJ.tv E;r:Etua~w!J£Y axatahl'/Jia, ro VOU1J/Ul' a))..' OV~E ain~v n)v I:v 'II ayog{i xai tv rai', T{!tMotq VICO riiJv xvJaiwv ).aloVflE1'TTV. A iin/ pEv yUr! bill t'tt am) r~, f/JOo(!a, r!!aVflara, xai /~Ia ,a, JUl{!£UTfVEl0cilTa:; ~fVlXa, AigU" xai bt.a ra (i)).a ainii, EJ..am.iJpam IivDCmjbcLo, tan ;r(!o, ;rauav flEV ITorpii, Jc(!aypauia. uvyy(!a< b.1{i11l{JEi' r~v XIl,tl)''1!/J1V, ,my tfj, JvufloUl{iia, uacrwfla,wv, Jlai rff 'E).J''1viJI irYitovuav, anlovOTfRav Iii, xai toi', nOv 'D J.1jvwv Jw/ai xata)'7J;rr~v ?
i:vreJ.w,

,ii,

ft,

NIK~Il,Jv,

KNEiEIE).

M~npo~ 4>wTla~~~ (1752-1805). npoowno VPoljlio a~ M6TPIK~ TOU Z~vo6lou n(l)rr (1803) (ASlivo, Apxclo npoowrroypoljl'tllV,

KNEiEIE).

rEQPrIOL: A XPIH060YAOY

225

TO

rAOl:l:IKO

ZHTHMA

H nOAVrAnIIIA TnN C!)ANAPlnTnN npo~CTwni~a ~£ aH~YOpIK~ nap6UTOO~

aTTO TOV npWTO T6~0

T~, TpiTO~~, '/uTopiu<; T~<; naAu, /luKio<; [...] TOU l'J.. wwvou (BI£v~

1818). H I£popxio TTOU £IKOVOTTOI£; 0 KOTOKOpUavaplwT~ 6PXOVTO. n6vw an6 TOV 08w~avlKo A£OVIO ~£Ono ~ouv 0 ~IKt
Kai p' oMn ()Jwv i] XOtW] lJJrohl'Pt 0&1 va JT:gOTtpOUV liJ)! aJT:ov pac; ra i)).'1VIXa JT:OV xai pi] W.wvrac; ra XOlVWC;, ra Ooj!fjouvE xvgiwC; btxa flU-C;, [.•• J,P' olav row' O{!/loc; MyoC; Oi).<;t va lJillOVpE .;t{!orip'lut UTa ~wpaLxa lWV W.oiJp£ JJJ.OI·l... j. "Erst;;(' iflEic; uri] lJlXq pac; Jr(!mEl va UlIVWXail'OVp' o{!Oa, ri] lJtxq pac; va '1{!arpol!p' OUOa, 0 iUTI va ri] y{!al(!ol!pE xai va ri] laJ.oiJpE pi ri]v [lJlll r'lC; y{!appamtq. I' aimjl'/x Jr{!f.;·Ut va ovyy{!af('Ol'p' hrlUTq pau; xai rixvatc;.

o

&llf.l~'teLOC; Kurai't~"lC;,

«Aoyo" 1t!!OtQf_"ttl~OC; (Jfl! yViiJOI Oll\J'tov XU! rmiv )(01\111 ltuwu.'ywyiu lOU [OVOl'",1j (JOIjJOC;, Q/llfIll1hl;, t't~Ul6qc;» Til. EV{!LOXOp£1'a (178617),0'.195-6.

Kai p' oJ..ov 01'lOV 1/ XOlVi] VJT:OJ''11f!I, (J&l va JrgonpoVv aJ).ol Wro f}piic; ra i)).,]VtXa OlTOV I
o

ra

~11'1I1tl!LO" Kutal!t~~C;,

«To 'rv(olh aUl1Ti,v' (Ie ulQEn'1 y)"iiJ(I(TU (1796J», Til EV{}UJxopCl'a, (I. 403.

L1£LYflU YQuCjJ~S 1:0U KawQ1~~ onl ({lUOlX~ yf.wooa XC/.L WI CtYQuCP~S ,Ol) il\w1! xnptvo1! on]" aL0n~. H a!-L~xa"La toll MF'I'[l~01! "OYOOFT~ dvC/.L Exli~)"~ 0 (~V rro(j:vOc1"l rr.aQuxwQ~U1'~ ltQ6tao~ TOJ: o,:tJ1EQou XEIjJi'lou. iViw rrQ6 XflQ11
226

Ta yAwomKa i)BI') aTO ~ovice;, TI') MoMa6ia KOI Til SAaxla (aUTovo~ce; nspLOXEe; Tile; OBw~a VIKi)e; aUTOKpaTopiae;, Til OLO(KllOll TWV onoiwv avaAa~6avouv Kmo TOV 180 at. PW~LO[ a~lw~mouxol TI')e; Yl\JI')Ai)e; nUAlle;), uni)p~av aVTl .1l1li)Tploe; KaTOpT~i)e; (nsp. 1730-1807) KOI 0 A8avoOloc;

XpIOTonOUAOe; (1772-1847). H YAWOOlK~ 8£wp[a TOU npwTOu, 8p£lO~a TOU £KnOlO£UTlKOU npoypa~~aTOe; TOU n£¢WTlO~8VOU o£onOTlO~OU, Bp[OK£1 Hlv TunOnO[TlO~ HIe; OHIV aV8KOOTIl ipal1l1aTlKi) rfle; jJW l1aiKIOe; yAwooae; (1788), TOU O£UT£POU OTIl ipal1jJ.aTlKi) rfle; AioAo OWplKfle;, fjTOl Tfle; 0l1lAoujJ.8VT)e; TWplVfle; TWV 'EAArjvwv yAwooae; (BI8VIl1805). Av 11 XP~OIl Tile; 0~IAOU~8VIle; TIle; nOAIle; OTIl OTIXOUPYIK~ O£V OUVIOTOUO£ OKaVOaAO Yla TOUe; OUVTIlPIlTlKOT£pOUe;, 0 KaTOpT~~e; Un£p861l KaTa nOAU TO £OKa~~8Va, OTOV ana TO 1783 npoT£lv£ 8vav V80 VO~O (<
jU),a 0 lIargox}or; WOVr;, xW(Jir; 7ro(Jwr; va qJofJl'JOij, mov Ea(J7rTJbova iqJO(Jfla fli ro aflagL xau:vO", KaOoJr; rOv db' 0 Eag7rl'jbwv, EvW ogflOV(J! 7r(Jor; amov, (JqJob(Ja uval;E! xar' amoD, ITa XovragL buvarov, AU' 0flWr; E(JXVIjJCV wO"r;, XL mm]OclWr; oeSul, xai ro xovra(JL {Jgovuma, E(JqJL1loovi(J(fq flax(Jva. Tore bt 7rUOV xai amor; avrmval;E! mL{Jaga, xai rov qJOVWE! ivravr,w xai rov (JXvlEVE! (Jo{Ja(Ja.

AOlXvaoLO; XQHJ'tOltOU).o;, «'AxuJ.1.-lJ9>, IJ't.182·189, A Jravra, 0.335, [ ... 1 ro o(Jafla roDro roD AXLillw; EyLVE XL E7ra(Jaura(h] bei rijr; ~YEfloviar; AJ.£~avo(Jou Mov(JoVI;TJ, roD onoiQv Q; a(JxovrEr;, iiv xai (J7rovDaioL ~rav OflWr; (JUVTJOwfli'vQL l'a y(Jarpouv Eir; ro hYOflCVOV flW,agOVLXOV [plxro J vrpor; rijr; KwvmavrLvOV7rohwr; xai roD flarlnagxEiov, ;iai ;r).I/Yr,v OavaTTJqJo(Jov Eir; ro iOLXOV rovr; urpor; roD Yi!alfELv. TiT. rpgovr,flara h)(7rOv airrwv ~gw(Jovrar; 0 ovvraxnl~ tav O(Jaflaror;, xai a7rOI(L-vyovrar; n)v airiav rov O'xavo6.}ov, lVEOWXE va 7raga)J.a~E! oUyov ro ulpOr; rijr; y),w(JO'TJr; roll, xa(JLl;oflE:VOr; Eir; rar; xara(Jf!Ll;wflt-var; 7rgOA,JjVJELr; rwv -uno )'TJ7rUXWV 1l(JXovrwv rov avOivrov TOV.

rr,v

N. KOQLt~ti~, «Bio; 'A9u.vcwiou XQw1:orrou),ou» (1853), ~\.Tavra, a, 113. OL (JJwvoalol, TGJV nQoE!tavamauxwv XQovUJv cruvEL011Ta' J10l11CJa'V ou ~ y),wCJCJa CJTTIV oJ1o[a
XaAKaypalj>ia Tlau Ka<7~£i T~V tK~aa~ TWV "UPIKWV Tau 1833, 0 XplarorrauAo, £IKovi~£Ta! ~£ixvoV'Ta, tva V TliVaKO ~£ T~ "~oa KCI TOV ilio KOKva. H~lj>wva ~£ TIlV EAtv~ TaaV'TaavO yAou, ~ xoAKoypalj>ia TlptTl£1 va aTlO~iO£1 Ta TlpaY~OTIKa xapaKT~plaTlKa TOU TlpOaWTTOu TOU TTOI~T~.

MII\TOL: nEX!\IBANOL:

-~U'''''''''''iI:.,{':l'1.li

TO

rAOrrlKO

ZHTHMA

o EAAAAlKOI 4HMOTIKIIMOI Louis Dupre, Ta avaKTopa KaJ TO Koarpo TWV lwavvivwv 6nw~ 'l'a/vovral anD Try Aillvry, 1819 (AcTlTo~tp£lo). To IlilCivvlva aro ~£UTCPO ~la6 TOU 180u a1. W~ npwrcuouao TOU £KT£TOlltvou naaoAIKiou TOU AA~, aUVlaTOUV KCvrpO T~~ Hncipou, T~~ AA6a via~, T~~ 0£aaaAia~ Kal ~cyaAou ~cpou~ Tl)~ MOK£~oviac;. M£ TOV ljJaAi~o, TOV BI)Aapa Kal TOV KUKAD TOU~, onorcAouv Ol)lltio aUyKAlal)C; TWV pr~oanaaTlK6TCpWV aVTIA~tjIcwv ar~v cupuxwpfa TOU v£O£AAI)VIKOU t",aLjlwTla~ou.

To f{}tilfJLpO [ ••• J e[voL ~WYlltirpLUPa. "Eva~ onov yparpcI, fiX rjJrJlpLti ri~ }4u~ oJrov lWIlaf1Taivouv rif IbiE~ xa06)~ 0 ~wYlltirpo~ iuropi~u t7Tv cixova tvo~ dooue; pi rie; paq'ic;. J 'OgOoYllappEvq )i411 elVaL Dui vq, onou 1] Jr{JOlp0lla, a,TO ro at!alhaupft rwl' 1/JIIlf!LWV PI" .st" JrC/(Jalli!;c1 ano ixEiVl/v (mou 1JlIV1/1}U.'rat ur1v opl}.ia· Snowe; Y{Jaq'£J. tW.IWe; ti.:r' 0, rL Jrlloq;i(Jl'~ (jiv O{!OoYf!tirpn· XI OJrOLOe; ypaV CI aVu;';. a,T' 0, TL "-(}C'vCL, xal :ff(!orpign ra "I(JafJPEva uav miie; ,)iv xpEvn, xal'ft Jt.T}.ov III avwIfD.cv rov XO.TO· ~w"If!arpi1;£L ya;.a~Lo rpwvrarpv)).o, onov .5cv elval uro" y.oupo, {La va fJ.111Pciav aJro xoxxLva paro yva}.u~ "lui va ro liifi xaOwe; otJ.a ro tp}.£JT[ pi YVfJva ra patU' aro rpUULXO taU l.f!wpa. Jw111C;», 0.142 (EX/), E.l\1ofT',(Ovcic;). ~Wrlla!f'i1;£L pi

r.·,

H ogGoygaq)Lx~ flEl:aggu6!-uol) nO\J itgoT€lvo\Jv OL Gwow /)Tj!lOnXLoflou» Y € YQorp€taL ()'(o nAal OLO TI)~ tpLAooorpla~ TI)S yAliJooa~ nO\J oLa!-LOQrpwV€L 0 /)Ulb XO~ og66~ AOyO~ ,,-((to tOV 180 al. 0 «tpwVOX€vtgLO!-l~» anOT€Al€ a1lflJI1Wfla nl~ nloTllS onlY a/)loQQ1lxTTj O\Jv£X€la "tWV ll'>€WV, TO\J ngorpoQlXOU AOYO\J Y.aL t11~ YQorp~S, OUV€ XEla I) onola bEl' xlvb\JVEU€l, Eq;6oov I'>worpalli;o\JflE 11) OLwpci\'ftCt to\J yAwomxou 011~IElOU. fIQ€I1€l, oUfl{pwva fl€ TOV BTj),ago, «va tpIlAaYOfJ-aO"tE naVtOTE a;w Til 011n).Tj ~.l afkCPI)~OAll OT]fkaoTja>,' 0 og8o~ AOYO; Yom 11 «og80"ygarpla, o d,oyoxEVTQlO].LD;" xm 0 «rpWVOXEVTQLO!lO;» O\JVL()'(OUV T€~ to\J «€AAa/)LY-Ou

OUO D~~CL; to\J lbLOU vO!llo~ mos·

•·n.,IJ2':s~;;>}. .~;" ..: 9J

~p ""F'::}/J!.

r.".......,1v '\.'

M.;-/{f!4 J' ....,~~='

XClp6ypaLjlo TOU ljIaAioa (Ae~va, rUAAoy~ E.A.I.A.).

228

H pOIJcTJKTJ yAooa TOU IwaVVIl BIlAOpa (1771-1823) -TUT1W~tVIl TO 1814 OTllv KtpKUPO- onooKon£l, KOTa TOV ASOVaOlO lIJoWio (1767 1829), OTOV onolo KQl £[VQI o¢l£pw~tvll, «va 01'#1, OTIl mil yAOOO ~0C; ~IlYI£T£ KovllC; K£ nllllTIlKO K£ ¢IlAOOO¢IlKO». To r1PoyPo~~o TOU f1PW TOU (KOI T£A£UTOiou) OUTaU £KOOTlKOU Kopnou TOU KAiIJOTOC; TaU «£AAOOlKOU orWOTlKlO~OU» (0 opoe; OV~K£1 mov EJ.l~. Moaxova), 0 BIlAOpae; TO oUVOljJi~£1 OTO £nwu810 TOU OlnY~!l'nOe; TOU «0 1\0Ylc1JTO TOe; TO~IOIWTIle;» we; £l;r'je;: «'H aAIlSlVr'j yAWOOO E:voO I£VOU elVQI ri KOlVr'j Koi OUVIlSIO~tvIl at DAOUe;. 'H yAWOOO f1ptn£1 va op80ypa¢£TQI KOL va oUYYPO¢£TOI KOSWe; npo¢tp£TQI Koi ~IAl£TOI» . l:TaV f1pOAOYO Tile; POIJcTJKTJC; yAooac; 0 BIlAOpOe; £K8E:T£1 TIC; yAwOOlKte; OPX£C; TOU OAAIlYOpIKWe;: «Evoe; [nou] OP£YOVTOV va 0811 TO 6IOAIl» O¢r'jV£1 «0£ ~IOV OKpO TIlV m:PllOlO nOAIl~oSIO TOU OO¢OU llOOKOAOUTOU» KQl OKOAou8£l «TOV OT£XVOV Tpono TOU IIlTOVOTOU», K08we; 11 £~n£lpio TaU onto£l~£ «noe; Il YAIlKOOO Tile; ~ouallKIle; O£V KP£~£T£ J.lIlT£ ana KOVOV£e;. ~IlT£ ono T£xvll, J.l0v£ noe; 11 yAIlKll Kc OPJ.lovIlKIl ~ouollKIl Y£V£T£ KOVOVOe; K£ T£XVIl Tile; 1l010e;». To KpiOlJ.lO £pwTIl~O, nou 8tT£1 0 BIlAopOe; O£ £f1lmoM TOU npoe; TOV I£WPYlO KaAopo, £iVQl TO OKOAou80: «Mil 8£AO J.lou npo60AIle; noe; np£nll va ypo¢OJ.l£ YIlO TO J.loTI]o. K£ 0XIl Yllo T' O¢TIlO;». 0 «¢WVOK£VTplOIJOe;» OUTOe; £mo¢poyi~£TO( auxvo J.l£ £f1lX£IPr'jJ.lOTO nou OVOYOVTQl mov

rtA.OTWV1KO KpaTU}.O. 11 WV£101, Aomov, 11£ Til XP~OIl, ~ €01W, onoT£ nopo01£l ovaYKIl v£OAOYIOIlWV, 0111 6aOll TIl<; ovoAoYlo<; npo<; TIlV OIJIAOUIJ€VIl. 6£V KOVOVl~£1Ol OUT£ 010p8WV£10l £K TUlV npo T€PWV ono TOV AOYIO, eMa 8p[OK£TOI KQ1Q1£8£IIlEVIl O£ K080p~ IJOPOfJ10 KOI anooox~ TTj<;, YAUlaOlK~ OIOK~ pU~1l TOU K}.iJ.1aTOe; TOU «£AAOOIKOU 0IlIlOTtKIOIlOUH, 00 £lX£ Til SEOIl TOU npoMyou a£ auvoywy~ K£IIlEVWV TOU BIlAopa KOI TOU 14J0Aioo, 11 onoio So TunUlvoTOv OTO 'AIlO1£pvTOIlTO 1821' TO 1l0VlepEOTO aUTO, YIO TO onolo 0 BIlAopa<; npoT£lv£ TOV T[TAO fpaepl) POJ.1E:OU rrpoe; PoJ.1E:OV ylO TI) y}.oao TOUe;, o£V KUKAOepO PIlO£ nOTE, £VOtjJ£1 TWV VEWV npoooVOTOAIOIJWV TI<; nopollovE<; TIl<; Enova01oOll<;· LTO nAoiolo, auvc:nw<;, TOU £8VIKOU 800lA£lOU o£V anollEv£1 ana TOV «£MOOIKO 0IlIJOTlKLOIlO» napa 11 «OIJUOP~ ovallvllOTI IJlQ<; YAWOOlK~<; OKPOTIlTO<; KOl IJIO<; oUYK£XUIJEvll<; c:nloPOOll<; mov LOAWIlO» (EIJIl, Moaxova<;).

TOIXoypoia Tau 1798.

A~n£AilKlo,

1! aJ.ryIJwl) "ararpuy~ [xararpuywJ aJro 'I'a [rna rou K4! owov '.'·;gpou, 'I'a xaJ.a xai tvavria, dvat iJ Movuat, ptpuw, POVE x6TIa va ioti, ,J 'f/pEr, xigo1] 6hyoma oJrou oi:v rpOavopEV OYrE Ola uJr1]rwxa ,/la, t~ooa, Jrgaypa pa, axaral;ljr1]'I'O, 'I'a pf£!EUEOW, xapiva, va p~v IjpJrogfi, va Jra!!Tl, Jtapav. Oi lPEwrpElJirat, va ai yvgcVovv oJ.otva va '1'011, aJtoxgtOfj" iqiJ va Evrg£,Tl/uat, xai va pr,v ryjJJw{!fi, va uJtorpEgn, 'I'fj, uirr/goJ.oyiat' rov, ri).o, Jtavrwv 'I'i "avEt, d, Jtagopowv JrE{!iuwmv; E1tuTtoArl 'taU KovOflCt'tll OTOV OI)'.,OV(lflOU,

r.. ra

ro

28 tuC'tEJ.I~!1iou 1818.

o xwbLxa, 'twv EJWHOAWV. JtOlJ aV1£'Yga1pE W XgOVLC! '(11, EJtavoowo11<; i\agLoalo, !wovv11, O~XOVOf.Lou. O1JVIO,C< TIJ 0l1f.LaV'tLx('mg11 Jt11Y1l !w<; yLa to xAij.La IOU «£)J,abIX01J b11 f.LOUXIOf.LOtl», xa8w, OVyxEVlgWVEL a~Lo;.oYE<;. iWLOW<~<; IlW,BE011, f.Lla<; a>
°

0PXOVTIK6 TOU rcwpylou I8apTC;.

MII\TOI nEXI\IBAN02:

229

TO

rI\Ol:l:IKO

ZHTHMA

KOPAHI KAI KOAPIKAI H «MEIH OilOI" KAI HANTlilPAIH x£'pOVpo
AO.

APX£io E.A.I.A,),

Kopo~~

(1748-1833)

(A8~va. LUUOV~

I. f£vvaoiou)

on

"Owv Ji1'w, lUra rr,v y;'waaav pcrixa ro fOvOl; o20v pi Drypoxpa nxr,v iaoT7)ra, 15iv vow JrPE:U:l v' aq)~awflF:l' rr,v pOP'Pwalv xai lJ'/pLOvp1'iav aUfa],; fl, rtiV oxlo1aaav' ra sl!;al'/a fi;e; xvlJauJ'1Jroc;. OXI' opw, (j}11 Jrapavra pi rr,v ,5iituJ.al', a))..a pi r.tiv xEi{Ja "ai "a,a plXpOV €v (mimI) roi! ,lJ.Jov· aJrElgE d; avrr,v ra 'E}JlJv/xa a.Tt."i!paW, it})it xai avril pi ,r,v lrilia, xai 0Xl pi rol' aaxxov. Kai OU.B; aJl'o{lIjaal' mii, d; o}Jyov "al(!ov ~ai ai )igEl, "ai ai I{'paaa; aov GTl'ga(JlLv a;ro ro {Jlf3JJ.OV ti; wii laoii ar:opaw. Ol ).01'101 iivlJ(iL; roi! flivov; Elyal (pValXa oi vopoOiua ri;; yhil(Jm!>, rr,v ();roi Ul' J.a2Ei' fa tOvo,;, it})! Elval (;rall v ro ).ira» vopoOiml lJIJPOXP(lW'Oi! 1!pityparoe;. Eie; ailrove; a1'!i~<1 I) /)LOPOW me; ,ife; y),waqrye;, I.lJJ! " y),w(Jaa dval ",ifpa fjj.ov roi) fOvove;, "al X'ifplL iEpol'. "OOLY Jl'PE:W va itl'axaLVit;cral PE wJ.il.{Jaav :<[tl r,auxiav, xaOwe; aVlLxwvit;oVTal ra iE[JiJ. rrol' OEWV, ~al Qxl pi nIl' Oopv{JwlJlJ "ai ,VplL'VI'L"r,V lLvOalJElIJ.Y. pi uiv o1!oiav iJ1jJwO'l rije; Hap!}. 0 Jrvpyoe;.

on

ux

A~a'lavno, KOlin!I" iEltu710Aq ltQel; 'Al.E<;uvbl!Ov BMU.£IOIl», (ID.LO~
230

l:ul YAWOOlK~ oUYXU011 TOU 180u Ol., ~E Tle:; OU~Il~£vEe:; EVTOOEle:; avo ~£OO OTOUe:; 0PXO'lOT8e:; nou OlOK~PUOOOv Tllv Enovooo ~ £OTW Tllv npoo£yylO11 npoe:; TTl yAWOOO TWV opxoiwv npoyovwv KOI OOOue:; 6EW pouoov Tllv o~IAou~£vll yAWOOO (<(XUOO'lK~I» we:; T£TEA£O~£vll KOl o~£ToBAllTll KOTOOTOOIl, onO<)lOOlOTIK~ un~p~E II nop£~Bo011 TOU AOO~OVTiou Kopo~ (1748-1833), 6EwPllTlKOU KOl unEpoomOT~ Tile:; «~£011e:; OOOUI>, Tle:; YAWOOlK£e:; TOU onOl\JEle:; OVOffiUOOEI 0 Kopo~e:; OTllv EmOToAI ~o[o OIQTPl6~ TOU npoe:; TOV <)lIAO TOU AAE~OVOPO BOOlAEiOU, T11V onolo npoToooEl we:; npOAOYO Tile:; £KOOO11e:; TWV AiBlOnLKWV TOU HAIOOWpou (nOpiOl 1804). KOI OTOUe:; AurooX£:o[OUC; OTOXaollouC; n£:pi njc; t},Ary V1Kf)C; nalo£:[ac; Ka! yAwoonC; (npoAEyo~EVO OTllv £KOOiJTl TWV Biwv napaAAI'!Awv TOU nAOUTOPXOU, nOplOl 1809-1814) npWTOPXIK~ 6EiJTl OTOV OTOXOO\lO TOU Kopo~ KpQTOUOE II ~IlTPlK~ yAwooa Aun;v O<)lEl AOV 01 'EMllvEe:; va KOMlEPY~oouv we:; ~£oo £K<)lpo011e:; lOEWV KOl yvw OEWV OE OAOUe:; TOUe:; TO~Eie:; T11e:; 0POOlllPlOTllTOe:; TOUe:;. H EmOTpO<)l~ OTIl yAWOOO Tile:; KAOOlK~e:; 0PXOlOT11Toe:;, onwe:; ~8EAOV Ol OPXOlOT8e:;, ~TOV OOUVOTll, OAAO Kat EYXEipll~O KQTOOTPEffilKO YIO TO £6voe:;. ME TTl ~ETOppu6~1011 Tile:; YPO~~QTIK~e:; nOloEioe:; KOl T11V K061£pW all V£WV, KQTOAAllAOTEPWV ~E660wv YlO TTl OlOOOKOAlO Tile:; OPXo[oe:; yAWOOOe:; 8a OIVOTOV, KQTO TOV Kopo~. 11 OUVOTOT11TO OTIlV oPxoio yAWOOO va ~OVO~~OEl KOl va unllP£T~oEI nOAI Til ~W~. 0Xl we:; OUOTIl~O EK<)lPOOTIKWV ~£OWV nou II EK~6811~ TOUe:; 80 onoT£AouOE OUTooKono. oMo we:; EpyOAEio npoan8Ao011e:; TWV O~IWV, YLQ Tle:; onolEe:; II yAWOOO OUT~ ~nopouoE va ~IA~OEI ~E opoue:; ~WVTOV~e:; oA~8ElOe:;. H yAWOOO TOU AOOU. nOAl, OEV £np£n£ va 0<)lE6Ei OKOVOV\OTIl Kat oOUVTOKTll, ~E AE~IAOYIO BopBopo KOl "XUOOlKO», oMo va olop8w8£i. K060 Pl~O\lEV11 ana ~EVEe:; A£~Ele:; KOl EK<)lPOOEle:; TOU O~Op<)lWTOU AOOU, £np£nE II AolK~ yAWOOO va KOVOVlOTEi ~E KOVOVEe:;. va E~nAouTloTEi ~E OAO EKElVO TO ~WVTOVO OTOlXEio nou 80 ~nopouoov va OVTAll60uv ono Tllv opxoio YAWOOlK~ nopooo011. To 1804 oU~Bou AEUE TOV AA. BOOlAEiou: «nOpOKOAW OE. QV oyonpe:; TO y8VOe:;, va ~£TpIO~ne:; Ete:; TOUe:; 'EM11VIO~OUe:; Kol va nponoTf)e:; nOVTOTE T~V P£OIlV 606v». Av 11 ~£iJTl oooe:; onooElKvUOTOV TEAIKO OV£<)lIKTll. TOTE ovo~£Oa OTllV 0PXOIO yAWOOO KOl Til yAwooa TOU AOOU npoTl~6TEPll YIO TOV Ko PO~ ~TOV II

OELmpll· unEpoaniOTIlKE Tle:; n£n0l8~OEle:; TOU pE OKo~m11 1l0X11TlKOT11TO, npoy~o nou TOV OO~YllOE OUXVO OE npoowmK£e:; 8Pl OEe:; ~E OVTl<)lPOVoUVTEe:;. 'ETOl £<)lraOE TO 86voe:; va XWPIOTEl OE OUO IlEpioEe:;, KopalOT£e:; KOl OVTlKOPO'lOT8e:;, nou ol£8£Tav KOl OlK8e:; TOUe:; E<)lIl~EPIO£e:; Ol KopolOT£e:; TOV /l6ylO 'Epllf) , 01 OVTlKOpct'iOT8e:; TTlv KaA Alonry. Kat Ol 000 E<)lIlPEPIOEe:; £BYOlvav OTIl BI£Vll. KUplOrEpOI aVTinoAol TOU Kopo~ un~p~ov 0 HnElpwTlle:; NEo <)lUTOe:; L\OUKOe:; ~E TOV KUKAO TOU (L\Il~~TPlOe:; L\6p60Plle:;. LT£<)loVOe:; KO\l~IlTOe:;) KOl 0 A611voioe:; IlovOYIWTlle:; KOOPlKOe:; (1762-1827). pa811 T~e:; TOU f\o~npou
o

Kopo~e:;

nVEu~a oUVT~Pll0lle;,

aAM OTllv npotKTa011 TWV YAWOOlKWV SEWplWV

TOU llla
avoAoya EmTEuy~ara KOl OT11 VEOEAA11VIK~ KOIVWVIK~ KOl nOAlTl

OTlK~ ~w~.

0 KOOplKOe; OEXOTOV, onwe; KOl 0

Kopa~e;,

OTl 11 yAwooa

tnpwE va KOSOPlOTEL ana IOIW~QTlO~OUe; KOl opxa'(o~oue; KOl va una xSd OE OlKOUe; TT1e; KavoVEe;, ~ovo nou we; npoTuno Tlle; tnpwE va dvOl 11 1l0AlnK11 yAWOOO, 11 yAwooa TOU Ilarplapxdou KOl TWV
o

Kopa~e;, nVEU~aTlKO

T£KVO T11e; raMIK~<; EnavoOTOOlle;, SEWPOUOE

TOUe;
TOU tSVOue;.

o

KOOplKOe; (Melti':TI] Tf)~ KOiVf)~ £AAI]V1Kf)C; 6taA€KTOU, llaplOl

1818) npoanoS11oE 0XI ~ovo va aVOlptoEI ne; yAwoOlKte; avnA~ljJEI<; TOU Kopa~, aMo KOl va TOV EK~116EVIOEI we; nVEU~aTlK~ npoowmKo T11Ta 0 Kopa~c:, ~E avwvu~a ~ ljJtu6wvu~a 611~OOlEU~OTO TOU KOl ~E

1/ ylwooa /laq lomov £[va< qmOE! xai OioE! 'E)J,1]wx1, xai xal//lia )'oOoq fJ.wOOOVO/lia I>tv oirvara< va r.~ aljJaL {iilTfl aln:O ro MOLOl' ovo/la. "OOcv ill' wq fJ.wooa ~looa xat ).alovpEvll X!!Ela.~£w/ XaOa!!OLV, iJ xv!!iwq xaOa!!otq aln:lJc; £iva< ro WI alro{J).IIOfi paa ~1).ov O~IJ ~ XaJuulJr;, rr;r; oJroiar; TiJV oVOLWOl1 bonlw flOV' oi avaru01]wirvrcq 1/IIJrO!!OVV va anagl'lJ0oiJv. n(LvaYL(;'nl~

T11 ou~napoOTao11 OAOKA11P11e; napoTO~11e; Aoyiwv (AVSI~OC: ra~~e;, KwvoTavTlvoe; Kou~ae;, aOEAepoi KwvOTavTivoe; KOl LT£
MvirlJ

KobQu,,:';,

rr;q XOLvijr; u),1]VLX'ir; I)ta}brov, T.

I, Ilr.tQiOl 1818.

~oe;, 8EOKA11TOC: cDap~aKio11e;, NEO
OT11v wlSECJrj TOU KOOpIKO, mlSw11 nou OEV £A11~E napa TOV Savaro TaU TEAEuralou (1827). ~\xovw OE Olp6i'J!!a ayavaxrei1', avayvOvO' (i /lov oi Ko

pai'OTa; :ro))(1 xa; JELVlI al'wvVl/Wr; xarellrOv. I I ,wi ltoOCV ~WXVd;O/lEVOL, ovrw owfJakiv /lC JrpoiJxOrwav; lroOCV; is c1iv Jrpaaw' ltparuu i'J' aE; rOI<; iXE;vwv avc/ OTgarlJYWY OT{}an/y1Ita(l/. M~ liftv tv rff at!l.ai[1 y!!alpuv IjJwvfi If>aULV iXEiyOL' iyw /H: xat ygaljJEtI' xai ),alcil', OUOl' oiov re. Ravm tv rr7 vVv Oltl'IJ8ci[1. xai wiira rr'i i'Jrwwi'JEL xai axog1rw €-;w Of: rfi re 1'irv xai rr7 lralm xara ro c!xoq, "vOa r5£l, xai wr; OE;, al'ar!!ixavrar; E<; uITl;.:wr£f!Q1' .Tal'raxoiJ. 'O{}oOcrciv Ociv, i'Jti·aTcl.VWr; alt' aJl,j),(J)v ricc; bw;~'xrov, €-;d) /), a.7fooJraoaq aVTwv rovq ogovr;, xai ro1' ljJ!!aY/lOv i'JwM1sClr;, VJrE!!JrElr1,51J)/a, Jro}J.a "aT' a/lIjJW "ai avrl'!!aljJa<;, "0.; /lua{fJpaoaq.

ro

NE{,{P\JYO~ 6.0IJXIIC;,

RlttO"rolai ;rpoq ui,CtI (.1' IiWIjJ0!!0L<;',7f{Jlara(lEU'I,

t.l, r\[YIVU llBS.

naVOVI<;JT~~ KO~PIK
(1762·1827) (Apxcio

olKoycvEia~

R. Gar

sonnin de Codrika).

iEOPiIOl: A XPIITOl'lOYI\OY

231

TO

rAOrrlKO

ZHTHMA

AEI'lJANA APXAIAI nOAYTEAEIAI H avOOUOTI Hle; apXQlOT1'jTae; OlaV ycwypaeplKO Xwpo TaU TOUP KOKPQTOU~CVOU cMllVIO~OU eKollAwvnal nplv H!V e~tyepOTI TaU

1821. E[vQl tva epQlVO~CVO nou OIQTptXCl OAOKAllPo TOV 190 at. KQl 01 KaTQ60Ate; TaU 8a nptnci va ava~IlTll80uv Ola IOl0PIKO yeyovoTa nou oeppoylOav Tllv £TIOX~: OTOV ovc~o eAeu8c piae; nou apx[~cl va nvtel ~e Ta £upwna'iKo £TIaVaOlaTl KO Klv~~aTa, OTOV b.laepWTlO~o nou eptpvCI OTO npo OK~VlO TQ KAaolKo npoTuna. St60la, 11 avaOlpoep~ Tile; AOYlOOUVIle; ~e TT]V c,\AIlVlK~ ypa~~QTeia OT081lKC aOloKonll ~toa ano TT] xelpoypaepll napoooOTl Kal, apyoTepa, ~e TO tVTuno, (<<'H 'E,\Acie; [... J au oltAmc ncpl86.Anouoa Aeiljlava apxa[ae; nOAuTeAeiae; [... ]>0, N. MaupoKop06Toe;). A,\Ao OlO TtAoe; TaU 180u at., OlwelWVeTQl vta Tpon~ Oiaepo

To OKpOl1pWPO TOU I1Aoiou "'\EliIvi~a~», TOU Im:TolwTT) VQu~6xou XaT~~YI6vv~ Mt~~ (A6~vo, e6VlKO laroplKo MOUOEio).

peTlK~ OC Cupoe; KQl ncplexo~cvo. To yeyovoe; mOTonOlei Ola 1803 a Kopa~e;. Avaepcpo~evoe; OTOV

Kai 1] xara xarvoro/Jav Jrapa raura Ei(JaX(}El(Ja rwv Jra).wwv 'EiJTjV1XWV /woparwv t'mrpwvrwre; de; ra fJa5'm sopEVa fJ(Jt'!p7J rwv mOTwv, we; i],mvaapEV, ),apfJavopivTj we; pia xai awi(JpoOTOC;- o(}cv avtiyxTj I} 'APl.UP(J)aVv~ (Jae; va JWlJWU7jTE JrapayyEi.iae; mOl'OVe; de; TOIle; 7E{!Ele; rwv bopdiJv aae;, &a wi AeilflrJ rovvuulJcv xai iJ uaraXPTjate; ain:~, Ot YOVEle; xai &vaJoxo~ va ovof/aroOawOtv de; ro t!;ije; & r(li YoarprjJ rije; OEiae; xai pV(JW!ije; avayEWljaEwe; ra EiOwpiva rale; roaE{Jiorv &xoaie; Jrar(JoJrapaijora X!!r OTWVrXa ovopam rwvt.'yvwapbwv rfi 'Exx}.Tj(Ji(!., Yoai rwv bJo!;we; iw' ain:ije; iogra!;op.t'vwv i<\yiwv, Jra va Elvw {rpOgOl xai rpv}.axEe; rwv [3a:'lT:rsop€vwv 1'Ij.'riwv. Amimtu(ffltl EyxlIltHoll rOll U(HQUJ.OZll rQ1]yoQiou E' (Mu(mo; 1819).

r.,.]

«H ~lOvlo 'tWV 011:0\100[wv ovofuhwv EXEL XOWXllQLEUOEL TO nVE'!J/Lo OQLOflEVWV rQaLXWV, tOOO WOl:£ WTO}'((AOUI' flE 011 ni 0Xl !lOVO TO 11:aLoui tolle;, UAAcI. XCll to rr),EOufIEI'cI. 'tOllS. 'EnlL AOIJtOV, 1<.CnOLO 1OT.IOlpOQO HOll Af:YOWV All-havvllS, O'ifIEQO ljJEQt:l. tlo 6vOflU rOll HQUXA1], 'tOll nOOElOWVO, tOll 8qHOTOxiJI X«L &Xt..w-v. '[00J~ 11 vEo. XQ,'!OII OUVU't!OlVn'((l ~Lt rvo E;IOUVI1<.Ell'tIXO LOEWOEC;. H uloElell1011 TIle; O1Jy1<.E xg'lI.EVllC; O1J~mEQL'P0Qr,c; ElvClL 01.'vmov va OUVE~OA: 0Tlll' OV(1~uJn:0Q('l01'j 't1'jC; n;(XAAlly.o.QLliC; WI t'Ile; ro),~tlF rOll' YOQULWI'. 'tOll' L;,T[nowJl:wv. 'tWV 'PuQl.o.VU)I': Ol llQUlIZEC; an'lilEC; ELl'aL 0llvOEOEflEVEC; flE aura ru OVOflUW. [... J Ta Jtgoacpaw avoQa~ae~~lo.W tWV "ll0IWtCOV al'UXClAOUV TO QW/LUA£C( XQOl'lCl 't% r)JJlv1ltJic; L(noQLo" UVOBEQlWi.voV'ws 'WI' Bau/Loovo 'tOlV AQWV.» Marc-Pbilippe £:allony (MaQ1<.oc;
Essai sur les Fanariotes, MCWOQ.Alo. 1824, 0.172-3. MEtlJ41Q,l. nf:tQOn:OUAOll

KQTaAUTlKO pOAO Tile; yaMIK~e; £TIaVOOTaOIle; Yla TOV ~eOTlKw~o TWV napaTllPei all Ol 8aAaoOlvo[ ~ava6aepT[~Ouv Ta IOlloepopa

op8006~wv,

TOUe; ~e ovo~QTa TWV ~U80AOYIKWV ~ IOTOPIKWV npoownwv Tile; apxOl OTllTae;. H ouv~8cla 8a £TICKTQ8d oc Xwpo KQl OC XpOVO' ano Ta Ctljlu xa ncpvoci Ola t~ljluxa, OTa av8pwnWVU~la, npowa nou npoKaAei TIlV aVT[opaOIl TT]e; EKKAllo[ae;. napOAO nou 11 naTplaPXlK~ cyKuKAloe; (1819) KaTQOlKO~Cl TT]v npo~1l «we; KaTaeppovllOlV T~e; XPlOllavIK~e; 6vo~aT08ea[ae;", TO epOlVO~CVO cm61wvel Kal ~eT£TIaVaOTaIlKO -Ta apxa[a ou~60Aa ana Tllv neplOlaOlaK~ XP~OTI, elo60Mouv OTllv Ka81l~CplV~ ~w~: Ol nCAaY[0I0l ouvex[~ouv va KaAOUV Ta nACOUllevo TOUe; ~e OVo~aTQ nayavlOlIKO, CVW 01 Oleplavo[, OlO xplOTlaVlKO 6aepTlOllKO napa8trouv tva CIOWAOAQTPIKO, ~ c~apxa'[~ouv TO (veOKO no) enl8cTO TOUe;. ElPIlVlK~ ou~6[WOTI OVO~OTWV, a,\Ao KOl oeiKTlle; TWV lOTOPiKWV peu~OTWV KQl TWV cmxclpou~tvwv OUYKepao~Wv. Kuploe; o[aUAOe; avanapaywy~e; TOU e~apxa'io~ou OTo811KC 11 CK na[OcuOTI. Mtoa ana tva TumKO ~UIlOTle;, 0 V£OepWllOTOe; ul08nouoc tva vto ovolla. rOMOl ncplllYllTte; OIl~£I(ilVouv ana aUToljJ(a OTI OTa ~IKpaOlallKO napOAla Tile; Alo,\[oae; unoPxcl ~la o[ljla apXOloyvwo[ae;: nap60ely~a, TO EMIlVO~OUOC[O TWV KUOWV1WV (Al6oAl). 0 Gouffier (1809) orwe1wv£1 OTl 01 ~a8wte; aOKouvTOl OTl1v av6yvwoll TaU OJl~ pou KOl TaU GOUKuoiOll, 0 Dido! (1817) napQTllpe[ all eKei 01 tc+t1l60l CKepWVOUV xwpia ana TOV IlAQTWVa, TOV b.1l~oo8tvll, ~ ovc6o~ouv Tllv 'EK661'} TaU Eupm[oll· Ar1Q8avQT[~el ljl~eplOJla onou 11 apxa[a op[~eTQl we; yAwooa T1POepOplK~e; emKolvwv[ae; cvoe; OW~QTOe; emAtKTWV o Marcellus ~vll~oveuel, A[yO T1plV TO 1821, Olllv nOAll, aT1ayyeAia TWV ncpowv eno npWTaTUnO. Twpa, 01 c~nvcuo~tvOl cMIlVOAQTpCe; oa V£i~OVTOl npoowneia, unOOUOVTQl pOAOUe;, olQTpavwvouv ~IO C8VlK~ napouo[a ~toa ana OVa~QTa lenoplKo -KOl aXI ma ~u8bAOYlKO. H 8c aTplKOTIlTa OTIl ou~ncplepopo yivnol KOAae; aywy6e; TaU ancAeu8c PWTlKOU ~IlVU~OTOe;, SPIOK6~OOlC OTle; napa~ovte; Tile; £TIaVoOTaolle; LTT]v aepnllP[a 11 apXQlOAQTP[a apOCUCl Til ~W~ oe OAee; Tie; eKepov oele;: evou~oo[a, apXIT8KTOVlK~, 8tQTpo, ~wypac+tlK~, LTa ~toa TaU Qlwva, OTO MaiOlO TT]e; £TIWaOTle; TWV e8vIKwv ouvelo~oewv, npwTQ 01

232

EMoOln:e;, KOI UITn:po, aLjJq.lO , 01 op8000E,0l TIle; AVQTOA~e; 61WVOUV Hlv TOUe; nc:piooo. 01 npw6UTC:pOI owpocpopOUV OTOUe; VC:O Tc:pOUe; OPXQlonpc:n~ OVOIlOTO, c:E,C:AAllV[~OUV TOnWVUIlIO, OIOOKC:UO ~OUV Tpoywoic:e;, KOOIlOUV TO OlKOOOIl~IlOTO 1lC: lWVlKO KlOVOKpOVO. H OVo.KATlCJT) TaU npOXPlOTIOVIKOU KOOIlOU OTTlV aKIl~ TTle;, unOOTl AWVC:l ilIa OUVOIlC:l OVQTpc:mlK~ lOC:OAOyio. MAO. OTO KUAlOIlO TOU Xpo VOU 01 NC:OEAATlVc:e; 1lE:T06o.AAOUV TTl OTOCJT) TOUe; OnEVOVTl OTO EVOOE,O nopC:A8ov, onq.moAWVTOe; TO c:nOVOOTOTlKO lOC:WOC:<;: TO ax~IlO TTl<; OUVT~PllCJT)e; nOYlWVE:TOl. H \l£T£nWQ qlll0V~ OTJlV QPXdi~ouoo C:KCPO po TOU AOyOU OUVIITTo. Eva IlOVOV au IlnTWIlQ TOU CPOlVOIl£VOU. :a· c:E,oPxaiOTlK~

GEm: HfEIL:8Q llANTOL: EProy KAI AOrOy

IfI H
Tove; pb OPLlt/lfJove; rwv rriMmV v1Tdlt/l{Javov OQulflfJov;

ioiove;, ra bi fXEil'wV rirvX~/lara [.• ,J bi{JaJ,ov aiJrol,

AV1Tljv'
[...j U£Qi TOVe; aiJrovc; xpovove; ElfJrl1'TJlIav ro Jr(!wrov

1TJ.Ota iV.1Jvtxa, rpi(Jovra ovo/lara /ltyaJ,wv ri;e; ti{lxauJ'

rljro, &vbgWv. U(!OTcgOV ~xovovro /lOvOV ovopara

riyiw". ram bi: y,vwrr,
8E/l'QrOXUove; xai roV ZE:VoI{JWl'ro,.

Alia~ulvno<; KOl!ll~<;,

Memoire sur !'etat lU:tuel de 10 civili5ation dans 10 Greee. ~lIU41) rmlV EtCUQEill t01V Av9Qo)l'loU!U')T
OaQ[(1l1803. Mml(PQ,

e. AI~al\its

H EAAG5a E;c",uxwVTa~ ava/l£Go ac apxoia cpcima, Ana TO 6L6Aio Choiseul·Gouffier, Voyage plttoresque de fa Grece (1847).

TaU

'E-yi xaO'JYE./lOl'l})V 8wljJiJ,ov, rfJ1Jyopiov TE. xai EVQrpariov, reov tv r(ii xara ni.e; Kvowviae; 'E)J,1]VOJl01IO£tq; axoJ,Q{!X01JVtiOJV, 'E),alfJ1l{Joi.diwoe; oyliiJrJ ambvroc;, 01 u;roytypa/l/lfvOL E[noW'" brubi} nil' /lb rraTpr/Jal' iivaM{li(J()aL 1{J(J)V1}v nil' oi: xVli1]V xai ayo{laial', 6e; Jravr!! avoixELOV ~/lIV rolf rwv 'EJJljvwv ix·dvwv tVroyavOl;, JraVtii r(ii IJvWP anw
NOMm: 'E:rLflclEiIIOw ExaQrov q/lWV iJJ.'/1'/.Qri OIIOl' olav TE /IVVow).iycoOw· Q;; Ii' liv /l" IOti'lJ TOjiTo, /ItJJ.lia O/lIJ(JLXlil' bromov ,,/lOJ\, iQra/lowc; cbmyyiUEtv aJroTLIIIITW ri/llJl'a,

O[ raiira if'1]'f((la/lHOt f\y)'tJ,i}e;

(A J.xt{lla[)'J<;) J,,50r (lll'rlXa(JIIL<;) Iwawi~
IaI'OVl}J. 1i.agiwv flal'aytl9TTJC; B. 1Wltl'Y1]e; IIEOI7W:; KW 1'uWl7IVO; FEwg 10; FEt1Jp/,IO.K. Xaf!aJ.ti/l7C1]; JlO;!/'l'1]e;

(Nlxia;) (Zf1'oljJwv) (lJdoJribae;) (flf!,IXJ.~;)

(lPwr.iwv) (Xa{lgia;) (Ti/lOOCO;) (:Vco;rroJ.t/lo<;)

(llaUU((1'i{(;)~J~~~!~~~II~l;;~~~~

o Antoine Firmin -Didul, 0 6LIi6l:o~ (Notes d'/llL voyage (...], a. 472-3) JwgaO€TEll:O ljJljqJlO1!n rou EAlqvoIlOUO€;OU (tOV KUQWVL
YJwygCtCjJouv JWQaOcrovtClS

XCII TO.

vEa TOllS OVO!'ClW.

JOANNA nETPOnOYAOY

233

EIl:ArOrH

NEOTEPH EnOXH no TO 1821 ~SXPI m'H1£pa 11 EMllvIK~ yAwooa -OTIe; OlO¢Op£e; npo¢opIKSe; Kal ypamse; £KOOXSe; TIle;- SX£I UllOOTd ~£yaAu T£p£e; ~£Ta60Me; an' aUTSe; nou 0Il~£lw8IlKav O£ onolao~no T£ £8VIK~ yAwooa Tile; OUTlK~e; Eupwnlle; OTO [010 XPOVlKO oiOOTIl~a 2:nlv apx~ nle; n£pIOOOU £nlKpaTouoav, OTOV npo¢oplKO ,\oyo, 01 nOlKlA£e; Ol6,\£KTOI nou ~IAIOVTOuoav OTIe; £m~spOue; n£pIoxse; TOU £MIlVO¢WVOU KOO~OU, ana TIlV KtpKupa OTOV nOVTO KOI ana Til MaK£oovia OTIl Movll, Tllv Kp~TIl Kal TIlv Kunpo. 2:Tov ypamo AOyO Kuplapxouoav OLO¢Op£e; YAWOOlKSe; nOIKIAi£e;, nou anoT£AouVTOV ana ~[y~aTO apxaiwv KOL V£OT£PWV OTOlX£iwv, ana TIlv apxa"(OTLK~ XP~OIl TWV «2:0¢OAOYLOTGTWV» ~SXPI Tllv aMIlAoypa¢ia TWV £~nopwv_ ApK£ TO XPOVla, o~we;, nplv ana TO 1821 8a npsn£l va ola~op¢w8IlK£ ~lQ KonWe; KOIV~ npo¢oplK~ yAwooa nou Til XPIlOl~onolouoav loiwe; Ol s~nopol, OOOL Ta~io£uav ana ~ia £MllvLK~ n£pLox~ o£ OMIl KOL OOOL £YKaTOOT08IlKaV, ~a~i ~£ o~oy£vde; ana olo¢opa ~sPIl, OTa £~nopLKa KSVTpa Tile; Eupwnlle;. AU~ 11 KOlV~, un£pOLaA£KTlK~, npo¢opLK~ yAwooa TWV TO~lO£~svwv KOI K6nwe; 1-l0P¢W~svwv EM~VWV Tile; £nox~e; £KdVIle; m8avov va anoTsA£O£ TIl 660Jl Yla TIlV £~SAl~1l Tile; OJlI-l£pLV~e; KOLV~e; npo¢opLK~e; yAwooae;. T£KI-l~pla Yl' aUT~V TIlV KOIV~ npoljJopLK~ yAwooa 6pioKOU~£ lOlwe; o£ OIO¢Op£e; Kw~woi£e; (npwTo Tun£e; KOL I-l£Ta¢pao~£v£e;) nou yp6¢TIlKav OTle; T£A£UTOi£e; O£Ka£Ti£e; Tile; TOUpKOKpOT(ae; Kal onou 01 ~WVTOVO[ ol6Aoyol £T1lxdplloav VQ

KaTOyp6LjJouv Til YAWOOlK~ npay~aTlKoTIlTa Tile; £nox~e; EivOL o~we; y£yovoe; OTi 11 LOTopia Tile; npo¢opLK~e; KOLV~e; EMIl VIK~e; £X£L £AaXIOTa ~£AnIl8d yLa OUO KU piwe; AoyoUe;. npWTOV, TO ypam6 K£i~£va nou 0Ia8tTou~£ o£v ~nopd va £iVOL T£A£iwe; a~lom OTa' o£un:pov, 01lI-lloupy~8IlK£ ouyxuoll ana TIlV £nlI-lOv~ TWV ola¢opwv nQpOTO~£WV TOU YAWOOlKOU ~IlT~I-lOTOe; va Xwp[~OUV TO YAWOOlKO ¢alvo~£va o£ «owOT6" KOI «Aa80e;», aVTi va ~£Anouv Til YAWOOlK~ npay~aTIKoTIlTO.

0 Kopa~e;, ,\oyou X6PIl, O£ 8sAIlO£ vo KaTOyp6LjJ£I, OTa XPlloL~oTOTa yAwo06pla nou ouvba~£, Tie; Oll~w

O£le; At~£le; I-l£ Tllv npaYI-lOTlK~ TOUe; 1-l0P¢~, aM6 £ns~£v£ va TIC; «010p8wv£l» KOTO Ta apxaia npoTuna, £vw, 1-l100 OLwva apyoT£pa Kal I-l£ av6Aoyo Tpono, 0 lJ!ux6plle; oTa OIl~OOl£ul--l-aTo TOU «010p8wv£" Tie; AOYL£e; A£~£le; ou~¢wva ~£ TOUe; QI18sv OT]~OTLKOUe; KavoVc:e; OL OPOL «Ka8ap£uouoa» KOL «OIl~OTlK~» £lval apKno naAOLoi' Il At~1l «Ka8ap£uouoa» ~apTUpdTal OTO KUPlQKOOPO/lLOV TOU NlKIl¢O pou G£OTOKIl, ypal-ll-l£VO TO 1796, £vw Il A£~1l "OIl~OTlK~» XPIlOl~onol dTOL ana TOV navaYlwTIl KOOPIKcl TO 1818 01 QUO OPOL, o~we;, o£V I-ln~Kav O£ Y£VIK~ XP~OIl nap6 ~OVO ~£ Til OIl~ooi£uOIl TOU 616Aiou TOU lJ!uX6PIl To Ta~[ol /lou, TO 1888. MOAOTauTO, Il YAWOOlK~ £KOOX~ TOU Kopa~ ---au~6l6ao~oe; I-l£TO~U Apxa(ae; KOL Nsae; EMIlVIK~e;- £nt Kp6T1l0£ we; £K¢paOTIKo opyavo TOU £AAIlVlKOU KpCITOUe; O£ n£iol-lQ TWV A[yWV onaowv Tile; ypam~e; XP~OIle; Tile; npo¢oplK~e; yAwooae;. '000 n£pvouoav OL o£Kani£e; TOU 190u Olwva, 11 ypam~ yAwooa £~60ALa~oTOV ~£ OAO KOI m:plooOT£pa apxaia OTOLXda, £Le; 66poe; TWV V£OT£PWV, OUTWe; WOT£, I-l£XPI TIlV £KOooll TOU Ta~loLOO (1888),

236

AOYOU va txe;l qnooe;l aTO anOKopu¢w~a TOU e;ow TIlV aaT8la ne;pimwOTl TOU Ki\twvoe; PaYKa6~, 0 onoioe; une;PIl¢avc;uoTUv, TO 1884, on tYPQljJe; tva «opa ~OTlKO noill~o» T8TpaKooiwv oe;A[owv, xwpie; va XPllm~onOl~oe;l OUTe; tva va, ~ Mv) LTllv npoy~onKOTllTO 11 KoSope;uouoo (onwe; OPXl~e; TOTe va yivUQl YVWOT~) ~TOV tva yi\womKo U6p[OlO, tva OKOTOaTOTO KOI OVOPX1KO oUvov8uAeu~o ana YAWOalKO GTOlX8l0 nop~£vo Tuxa[o KOI KOTO TO OOKOUV ana OIO¢OPO aTaolO Tile; lOTOpioe; Tile; EMllvlK~e; yAwooae;. H oVoAoyia TWV opxa[wv KQl veoTepwv OTOlX8lWV e~opno Tavano TOV BoS~o Tile; OPXQlO~OSeIOe; Kat Tile; KoAat081l0[oe; TOU eKOaTOTe YPO¢OVTOe;. AvnopWVTUe; 0' OUT~V TIl yA.WOmK~ avopxio, 0 LJJuxoPIle;, aTO Ta~iol KOl aTO ~8TayeV£aTepo £pyo TOU, npoanoSlloe va OIl~lOUPY~ oel ~la ypom~ yAWOOO 60Oto~£Vll aTO Ae~Ii\OYIO Kat TOUe; ypO~~OTl KOUe; Kovovee; Tile; npo¢oplK~e;, low~tvlle; B£BOIO OTIlV laTOPIK~ Tile; e;~tAl~ll. AUT~ 11 aVTiopaOTl oO~Ylloe; TOV LJJuxoPIl aTll OlaTunwOTl une;pBoi\lKO auoTIlPwv yi\WOOtKWV Kavovwv nou ayvoouoov Tllv npawanK~ miopooll Tile; ypom~e; yi\wooae; aTllV npo¢opIK~. 'Onwe; 11 Ka8ape;uouoo 8lxe; c;nlxelp~oe;l va anoK}..c;[oe;1 000 TO OUVOTOV nepwo6Tepa aTOlxc;[a TIle; npo¢opIK~e; yAwoooe;, £TOt Kat 11 ooy~anK~ oq~onK~ TOU LJJuxoPIl an£pplffie KoSe GTOlX£lO nou epxoTUv oe ou yKpouOIl npoe; TOUe; YAWOOIKOUe; vo~oue; nou S£omoe 0 iOIOe; ~e; BoOll Tllv laTopio Tile; orwwooue; YAwooae;, tOTW KOI OV TO aTOIXc;(O aUTO 8lxe nOAlTOypa¢IlS8l aTllV npO¢OplKtl YAwooa Tile; c;nox~e; TOU. Ana TOTe, 11 e~£Al~1l TWV anol/Jewv TWV avnnOAwv Tile; KaSape;uouoae; arl~aoeueTat ana TIlV oi\o KOl ~£yai\uTePll npoSu~io TOUe; va anooexlOuv aTOlX8la nou evow~OTwSIlKav OTIlV KoSq~e;plv~ npo¢opIK~ XP~OIl. 8AlBepo anoT£A£O~a Tile; unap~lle; TIle; olyi\wooiae; (OIl~OTlK~e; Kal KaSopeuouooe;) KOI Tile; KOTomv~e; KaTopYllatle; Tile; dvat TO on Opt O~£VOl 'EMllvee; atl~epa 0I0S0VOVTOI TIlV avoYKIl va ola6ooouv Kopu¢a[oue; ouyypa¢c;(e; Tile; ne;pl60ou 1850-1910 (onwe; 0 P6iolle; Kat 0 nanoola~ovTIle;) oe oll~onK~ "~8To¢paOll». AUT~ 11 avoyKIl -nou oev OUVOVTl£TUI oe Kaplo oMIl e;upwnoIK~ yAwooa- odxvel noao ~e;yoAo p~YiJa £X<:t 6T]~lcupy~oelll ol'y'AwaOtcf 0TTl ouv£Xet"'Tll<; EAAllVlK~e;. 'Ene;ITa ono OUT~ Tllv naptvSe;OIl Yla TO YAWOOtKO ~~TIl~a ~no pou~e; va emoTptl/Jou~e; GTIlV lOTOPlK~ Olaopo~~ Tile; iOlae; Tile; npo ¢OplKtle; yAwooae;. H XP~OIl Trle; KOIVtle; npo¢oplK~e; EMIlVlK~e; (oe OVnOIOGTOAtl npoe; ne; OIOA£KTOUe;) 0PXloe va meKT8lVeTOI poyooio ~e; Tllv avoyopeuoll TIle; AS~vae; oe npwTeuouoa TOU eAeuSepou KPO TOUe; Kat Til ouvaKoAouSIl ouppo~ EAA~VWV GTO "ioGTe¢i:e; aaTu» ana olo¢opa ~£Pll, aMo loiwe; ana TIlV neAonovvlloo. H AS~va £Ylve £TOl 11 npwTllll£yoi\1l XOOVIl onou 01 olaA£KTlKte; OlO¢opte; 100ne;owSllKoV' 11 oe;uTepll ~Tav 11 8£OoaAoviKIl lle;To TIlV eYKOTooTOOTl TWV npoo¢u ywv TOU 1922. Eow ol'EMllvee; nou ~lAouoav nOlKli\e;e; OlQAtKToUe; Kal 8lxav ~£Pl~WS8l ana Tle; ~aKplvtc; nOTpioe;e; TOUe; e;YKaTOOToSllKav 0' tvav ne;ploplolltvo xwpo Kat ovoyKoOTIlKov va KOVOUV OIlllovnK£e;

11 yAwooa TOU

oll~omou

apxalo~ou (Mvll~ove;uou~e;

eo

t'

)I.> ]"d rf.J)VJV J' .......,:.,~II'(V, If>'f" ~OM1 rr .

(::'1' 11 .

"\i'~~l\( I

(l

~;~y l,.~oy A4'-/~S I

'

><- 6Y '1,;/)- r-~w '1'J'),~ J'

'j :J,,/

[/,/t,·

o 1'1110)

,.. Ti~111"1

AUToypa'!'o TOU Li,o"uaiou !OAW~OU (TCTpO~'O ZaKu"80u, ap.12. '!'. 43a) KQI ~ ~£Taypo,!,~ TOU ano TO" Alvo nOAIT~ (AUTO ypa
A~1jJit TOU, IjTav oUVEn£la T~~ tU£'1jJ~~ nv£u~aTIK~~ £A£uflEpio~ nou alTtpp££ alTO T~V unoTa~~ TWV EH~vwv Olav TOUpK'KO ~uy6. Apvou~£vo~ va ~£xwpio£l TOV apxa','o~6 ano TO K~puy~a

TOU Kopa~, Kara~iKaaE KQI 10 ~uo pEU~aTO. ITa XElpoypa,!,a TOU Eypa,!,E TO £AA~VIKO ~E TEAd"", avop66YPoq>a Tp6na. AUTO,

6~w~, ~TQV nEp,aaOTEPO ~itT~l'a £UKOAla~ napa YAwaOlKit~ apx~~, Avri8ETO ano TOV ljJaAi~a Ka' TOV B~Aopa, 0' onoim

avt

nru~av ~,a aUOT~~aTIK~ anAOUOT£UlJtv~ op80ypa,!,ia Kal ~ xp~allJonol~aav o£ ~~~oa'£u~tva EpyO Tau~, ~ "opfloypa'l'io»

TOU !OAw~au ~Tav TEAdw~ oauoT~~arOlToi~T~. Ka, TO I.iyo (pya TOU nou ~~~Ool£uT~Kav 600 ~oua£, Tunlil8~Kav lJ£ TqV 'OTOP'K~ opfloypo,!,ia.

237

"\;)

~'I ,!"V,d~ 0

.

J-r'T~'"

Go'V o-),{i)7f('.;"" --rv-Y

-Od)l3/\ 1D~ 0109)l7/\0 '0f\('f)rP7YU1 'OM?YllOd30 :'(TJUC? ':'32jd :'~>I -1IlLr'(y3 3rllOIA9Y 101l~3 13Dl;Jn3~00lD~ IIDXp nou '(O)ODrlUO O~II 3rl :'1333y :'3]oXdD 31]3) :,~oriOlAoy0311 :'(10WOU IIDOUI~eOln :'3I1UYY3. 10 :,lLoJU3 'OJ3dorP(l)3y lD~ o/\(Y)rPJOOrld38 'oY99nYOlJ 'OlOy~gOlJ '0!ynogo1(Y)d11 'jOrP/?dAOlOorlUg 'olrl~l0Il13/\011 '0J31D0Y110doX02 '(l,lDdo)l nOl DrluAd~OlriUQ) j9rloll1YOlJ ::'~33 :'11 Ol\(?rl 9~m13g113 3rl -nod~I 3rl IIDrD3111(11\(')':/0Il03 nou 1I(TJ33~Y 1\(l)]oXdo DIDriA]3QDdDunoot;J'(A ~~IIIUYY3 IIUI IIOD11~OyUrl3 OU9d1 1101 1191no ,It\! ':'32)d :'3joXdo 3rt ~133~Y :'31d~01\lD~ :'c;Jy31113 IIDDO~3~DDlO~ 31)3 'DlUI9lDXdD IIUlD O)DOriUO UYY9 1I0X)3 nOli :'133~Y :'3]oXdD 1I0o~0l0uorlmudX 31)3 101A9Y 10 'ortoll9 OX10I0)1/\D 3Xd~un 113Q nou :'310111\~ :'11 OlJ ':'3DD~yA :'311~3 9UD )3lD13110Q 3X!3 DDD~yA ~~ldol O(1Q (9'~ '1Ol lI~odoI IIUlD 138y~U3 IInoX~ nou :,~y -og013rl :'3d319~11110rlUD :'11 3rlnOO]UOI113 Oil 3rlnoo~dl3X1U3 IIV' '1I~0101dold3U DII IInOIl]31 (Odlll)lIlUIU03dj033 3rl) od<;JX 01l(TJI11od~" ~ «UrllLo]U3» ~10U 3~u8X9111no 113Q 119 oAd3jd3U0130 101113) ':,nOl oAd~ 01 9UO IInoo)3y~ouo :,nOl Oil olA :'313e9uoodu :'3Y9A3rl 1I0yog -~10>l nou ':,ud9Xnrh 0 :'(TJU9 ':'~lDl~110riUQ :,noIl3ri(1oAuodu :,nOl 3rl lLo -38jl110 30 ':,nOU(11 :,no1A9Y :,nOlD 111101l~UO lLo9lD ~~11~OWOlQ 913>1do Olri 30Ul;JeOln ,:,ooo<;JyA :'~~ldoQJodu ~Ul ~l3 :'~llJOdA :'Olri 1I(TJ1I9110>l lI(TJl lLoo]onodou IIUlD Od31900ld3U 30(10UO~00uo uQjyynQJOII101dl nOl ~~11orlrlodA H '9L6 ~ 01 9uo lIolD1X9ynOl Oj3yOXo 9~11lUyy3 OlD OrllLojU3 lDl]3lOU -orimudX :'0Jouo :,ltl ~rlOllU3 'uQjyynQJoll101d 1 nOl (~176~) (jlj)lllorlug

'(~023u~dl ~~"lhOl ~AoyynI 'DII~9V 'n01DC!lIlAo old> -DdAogIV) oono~3d090" ~ 'QQ~"909 3'~9'!Jd>do"0IQ OUodl 1101 IIOlnO," 10. '~n019d" nOl ODD'!'yA ~"~O!U3 ~C') IIOY09~ll3 lllu 10" IIOO~!ouo"ro~dX ~l '(~0"rd31'!'~13 nOl 01l~'(Y3, nOY(9) ~Ddo)j nOl "020 ~o~rl» ~~lDo'!'yA ~l ~"ly09 lIo.~d8 '1I'!'19"'!'dlO 1I'!J•.my 1I'!'1 ~13D920dou ~ll 10> ODD'!JyA ~l 3" ~d>OU3 O!"O> IIOXJ3 A3Q '~0IDnO~3 ~~l O!'~ Olllnod9U Oil olA ~3r~0"3AH ~319911n020dDU ~rl 10> ~YQU 1I~1 QUO 029YV3 lI~lD II09d~ nou ~31'!Jldo~D 10 1.0> ~'!'uQ '(~O!D'!'d ~lll 1I'!J.ld31'!'~3 :>oAdnouA 130~Y310IQ 3XJ3 ~O!OllO 0) ~OIdlO!QOUO}l ~0!odn>d3)j 0 '~no19d> nOl odoll -QO 01 OUO C')~~ 30'!'VQA3" IO~ 3"~9~M3A '(~£8l-a9~) ~OQQVV3 ~~l ~~1~lId39n)l ~ol'!Jdu '~OIdlJ)!Qouo)j

nOl

~QoAlJXdo

~QO>llIYOU ~noll!ldu

0

~nol

'~nol~d. ~O)l'"~VY3

QUO !oYVOU :>C'lUQ.

jlj1) ~)lllOrlrlodJ ~)lJ/\UYY303N U 10>1 33lDU~ 0Y9d 9>111l1orlu~ 'lLood93yUl U 1O~ 01l(TJQJ91Qod 01 '0l1l9dX Od319311 010 '1O~ Oj31Ue ~~11(TJ110dlD U 'uon3QjOU~3 ~~11(TJ3dXoun U 1I03d~un II(TJ -]3X1OlD 1I<;J~11>13yOlQ lI(TJl (10rlood3~Ano :'31110A9dou JOWV', '~nOI lIt;Jl -lyourino 1I(TJ1Ad(10111O~ 1O~ lI<;JlyOU 1I(T)l ooo~yA Ul :,odu :'130~d(TJXoun

Aoyia. Eniolle; KOToOK£UOOTIlKOV, 010 Iltoou Tile; OAIK~e; ~ ll£pIK~e;

1l£T0
o X. Tp'Koun~~, npw8unoupyo~ rrl~ E.\A
r.

YPo'l'd~ T~~ £TlOX~~ £K£;V~~, 115lw~ 0 Bl~U~v6~ KO' 0 nona15lo~6VT~C;, C~OK(>O hou8~oav vo XP~OI~ono,ouv T~V Ko8ap£uouao aTO aljl~Y~~OT1KO ~tpoc; TOU n£~oYPO'l'IKOU TOU~ tpyou, £vw 01 151cAoYOI TWV hOYKwv ~pwwv TOUe; CK'l'tpo VTOI a£ ~IO ~w~p~ npo
(owjJClTIo), raaoiTT)e; (KaTaoKonOe;), xa(ipl (i:Wlj.10), xaf vT)C; (npoOOTT)e;) KOI xaljJT) (rpulIaKrj). EivOl £VO£IKTIKO Tile;

£mTUXloe; TWV Aoyiwv OTI OA£e; OUTEe; 01 A8~£Ie; (IlEOO O£ nop£v8EO£Ie;), 01 onOl£e; £IT£ o£v un~PXov K086Aou £iT£ ~TOV T£A£lWe; OYVWOT£e; OTll OUVTPlnTIK~ nA£IOVOTllTO TWV EM~vwv TOU 1821, EXOUV K081£pw8£i npo noMou. 01 AOYIOI KOTop6woav WLOfle; va OVTlKOTOO~OOUV A8~£Ie; nou np08pxoVTOV ana TIe; OUTlKo£upwno'iK8e; yAwO o£e; Il£ OVOOTflIlEV£<; ~ £VT£AWe; KOIVOUpI£e; £AAIlVIKte; AE ~£le;: ETaI TO KOUjJE;PKI ~ov060qJTlOTIlK£ TE:AwvE:!o, 0 j.11viOTpOe; EYIV£ unoupyoc;, TO KOVTpaj.1naVW £~£uy£vi OTIlK£ O£ AaepE:j.1nOplO OKOIlO KOI II rpoj.1illw (~ rpaj.1E:Ala) £~£MllVLOTIlK£ OE; OlKOyi:VE:W. ~£ OAA£e; n£plnTWO£Ie;, 0IlWe;, 01 AOYIO\ antTuxov va £ !BOAOUV TOUe; VEOAOYI O;'IOUe; TOUC;, onwc; TO iT"pWKE:lI!e; KOI TO AOIj.10i5i:TT/<;, 01 onOlO\ O£V £UOOKlllllOOV OTIlV npo
I:~

---~-_._------'=~------------'-'---'

239

o BCVI(tAOt;

TOLJTO TO CPQlVa~C;VO, nou avn6a[VC;1 npOe; TOUe; KaVaVC;e; Kal HIe;

lI~~. KOKOTaOK~. Mtaa

apxaiae; Kal Tile; OUYXpOVlle; C;AAllV1K~e;, Oc:iXVC;1 on 0 OT'J~C;pIVae; TunOe; (K}.erpTWV, aJavaplWTWV) EXC;I «oLOp8w8c:i» ou~cpwva ~£ Til ypa~~anK~ Tile; apxa[ae;. 0 TunOe; Tile; YC;VIK~e; TOU C;VIKOU OC; -roc; ana ouobc;pa oUOlaOTIKo oc; -pa (rou npayparoe; aVTi TOU anapXQlW~EVOU ma npo CPOPIKOU Tunou IOU npajJarou) anOTc;Ac:i G.MO Eva OTOlXC;(O nou ma

j1Crarppa(CI f)ouKuoioq. 'Epyo TOU aTO np6ypa~~0 T~~ cBvl K~~ «av6p8wa~~» lTOU K~PU~C 0 Bcvl~tlo.o~ TO 1910 ~Tav KaJ ~ CKlTOIO£UTlK~ ~£loppu8~la'l. T~v 1010 XPOVIO ll\pu8~KC a EKnaJl\CUTIKD~ ·O~IIo.O~ ~c aTDXo T~V claaywy~ T~~ l\~~OTIK~~ ylo.wooo~ OT~V lTpwTo668~la cKlTaiocu0'l, KOI a Bcvl~tlo.o~ Kal 0 EKTlOIl\CUTlK6~ 'O~llo.o~ arrOOKOTlOUOav aTOV CK aUYXPovla~6 T1)~ Elo.Io.cilio~ ~tow TaU CKauyxpovl a~ou T~~ tKTloiocua~~ CV OljlCI T~~ ~cIo.Io.OVT1Kli~ COa
To 1917, 6IJw~, Drav 0 Bcvl~tlo.o~ mav~1o.8c ar~v c~ouajo, 1i16ploc TOU~ TploVTo
240

v£lmlX811 OTllv npocpopIK~ YAwooa C;[TC; ana TllV apxa[a c:iTe ana TllV Ka8apc;uouoa. 'Eva c;vOla¢tpov napG.o£lwa anoT£Ac;[ Kalil KAiOT'J TWV 811AUKWV oUOlaOTIKwv anWC; T) Ku6EpVT)OT). nMQl6Tc;pa 11 npo¢opIK~ yAwooa ~~c;pc; ~avo TunoUe; 6nwc; T)/rT) 6arpnoT), TT)C; 86¢noT)C;, ol/nc; 6arpTlOec;. L~~c;pa, o~w<;, Kavc:i<; OC;V napa~C;VC;U£TQl ana TT'Jv KAiOT'J T)/TT)V Ku8t:pvT)oT), TT)C; KuBt:pvT)oT)C;, ol/nc; KU8c;pvrjOC;IC;, TWV Ku8epvrj

oewv, anou Ol Tunol TOU C;VIKOU npoEPXOVTQl ana Tllv npo¢opIK~ napaoooll, £vw 01 Tunol TOU nA118uvnKou ~mjKav OTllv npo¢opIKr'] yAwooa axnlKG. np6o¢ma ana Tllv Ka8apc;uouoa' aunj 11 KA1OT'J, AOl nav, anoTc;Ac:i napaoc;lwa U6pIO[OU nou nOAlTOypa¢~811Kc; c;mTuxw<; O111v npo¢oplK~ yAwooa' XPC;IG.0111KC; a~w<; KQlpa<; Yla va Y[V£1 YC:VIKO anooc;KTr']. nplV ana TPIOVTO xpavla 01 nc;plooaT£pol ~OP¢W~EVOI 'EAAllvC;<; EAc;yav aKa~a TT)C; Ku6epvrjo£wc; KQlOXI TT)C; KuBtpvT)oT)C;. Til ouvunap~11 O1OlXc:iwv ana Tllv naAQlG. npo¢opIKr'] yAwooa Kal ana Til ypam~ AaYla napG.oooll TT'J ouvavTOlj~c; KQl 0111 Ac;ya~c;vll «ol¢uTa» TOU ¢WVOAOYIKOU oUOTr']~aTo<; Tll<; 011~C;PIV~<; KOIVr']<; YAWO oae;. Evw Ta OU~¢WVIKG. ou~nAEy~aTO XT Kal ¢T OC;V q.l¢av[~ovTOV

OTIlV OPXO[O Kat OTIlV K060pE:UOUOO, TO OE: OU ~mAEYIlOTO KT, XB, rpB Kat OX onOK'\elOVTaV ana TIlV OKpO[O OllllonK~ TOU 4JUXOPIl KOI TWV onoowv TOU, arlllE:PO 111'\011£ Yla TO O{xTU TWV l(Jop60wv Kat TO GlOIlPOOPOlltKO OiKTUO Tile; EMoooe;. Kat TO OUO OUOlOOTIKO (oiXTU Kat oiKTuo) npOEPXOVTOI ono TIlV [010 oPxo[a ,\t~ll, oMo TO npWTO K'\IlPO 00T~6IlKE: OTIl Nto EMIlVlK~ 1lE: TE:'\elWe; ¢UGlKO Tpono, Iltoo omS TIlV npo¢oplK~ nop60oGll, E:VW TO OE:UT£pO E:10~X61l OTIlV npO
aUTO P~1l0TO. 'A'\'\o OTOlXE:la nou 1l0PTUpOUV TIlV en[opooll Tile; yponT~e; Y'\WOOoe; OnOTE:'\OUV 11 Il£TOX~ TOU E:VE:OTWTO (T) OnOlTOUj.1€VT) OKpi6E:1O) KOI 0 ovoom'\OGlOOIlOe; OE: 0PIOIlEVOUe; TunOUe; TIle; IlE:TOX~e; TOU napOK£IIl£VOU (rrWE:LOj.1!;VOC;) , nou XPIlGlIlO nOlouvTOt O~Il£PO OTIlV KOlV~ y'\WOOO £n£ITO ana 1500 Xpovwv onou oio ana TOV npo¢oplKO ,\oyo. Tunol TOU p~1l0TOe; nou enlKpoToUV n,\tov OTllv A8~vo, onwe; TO fJ[}..ayo (OVTl fJ1}..OUOO) Kat KoBoVTOUOOV (OVTI Ko80VTOV, K.O.), onOVIO E:1l
OE: KelllE:VO nplv ana TOV 200 Ol., KOI oKolla KOl O~IlE:PO o£v txouv YiV£1 YE:VlKO onoo£KTol OE: 0'\E:e; ne; nE:ploxte; Tile; E'\'\o 00<;, onwe; n.X· OTIl 8eaoo'\oviKIl. ElVat xapoKTIlPlOTIKO on 11 ypoll 1l0TlK~ TOU TpIOVTO
An6GTToo~o TOlxoypa'lllo<; TaU 0eoou Geo
'30, onwe; TOUe; Letp~, EIIUT~ "01 MupI6~1I~, 01 o"oiOi TO 8ew' pouoov oVTloTOIXO TWV tpywv TWV vOIcv eivOi Tuxolo OTI TOV 0eo
«ovaKollupa~av ~Ia eK~OX~ T~<; ellll~vI K6T~rac; nou ae aVTI~100TOII~ ~e TOV «OOTIKO p£OII'a~o" TaU Ka6a'l'~

"ar

TaU KopUWTaK~ ovra"oKpIVOTOV OTIC; aval;~T~aw; '30. 01 ouyypa'l'cic; aUToi £n,xelpouoav va ou yKcpaoouv OTolxeia ana T~V £1I1I~VIK~ lIa'iK~ nopa~oo~ ~e TO

T~C; yevlae; TaU

rcllcuToia peu~aro Tile; cupwnaIK~e; 1I0yoTexvioe; (~OVT£pVla~6, uncpp£OII'I)'~6). Antpp,ojJalf T~V aaT\K~ yllwaaa TOU K06l"l'~ Ka' TaU KapuwTOKIl ~e TO noll.\6 Ka8apcuovOlOV'KO OTOlxcic T~e; Kal XP~OI~anoi~aov ~Ia yllwoaa 6aala~tvll OTIl ~~~OTIK~ napo~oa~, alllla e~lIoUTla~tv~ ~e tva a'l'~p~~tvo lIe~llIoylO, npooap~o a~tvo navTo aTO TumKO Tile;
OUT£ ilia ¢opo, '\oyOU x6PIl, OTO ypomo TOU ivloKPUYlOVVll), AKOIlO KOl ~1lE:PO O£V XPIlGlIlOnOlelTOl O£ no'\Me; OIO,\tKTOue;, onwe; n.x. OTIlV nOVTIOK~, OTIlV KPIlTlK~ Kat OTIlV KunplaK~ (OTO 608110, 6t6010, nou oUTte; 01 OIO'\E:KTOl nopolltvouV oV8nIlPtoOT£e; ana Tllv A8Ilvo'iK~ y'\wooa). ntpa ana TI<; TE:pOOTt£e; Ola
o

To YloIIIO TaU K.

241

n. KCI6lJq>~ (A8~va, LU~Aoy~ E.fI.l.A.).

y[VETal ¢av£po ana TT'lV avnnap68£OIl OUO £KOOXWV £voe; anoano o~QTOe; ano TOV LlloAoyo TOU LOAW~OU: Il npwTIl oiv£1 TIlv £IKova nou TO K£i~£vo napouoiao£ O1Ilv apXlK~ TOU £KOOOT] (1859), £vw Il O£UT£Pll O£iXV£1 ~la ~OVOTOVIK~ KOl op80ypa¢lKo ai1J\.ou01£U~£Vll £KOOX~: «Kat aUTale; 1'1 A£~£e; £lVOl

n'(010le;,

~E Tale; onO]Ole; 5pioK£Ie;

ypa~~£vll T~ BooKonouAa, nO[ll~a, onou OEV £lVOl yuvalKa va Il~ yvwpl~n, Ka! £X£l 'e; T~ POXil TOU xpovoue; OlQKOOlOUe;»

«Kal aUT£e; 01 A£~£Ie; £iVOl Ol [Ol£e;, ~£ T£e; onOl£e; 5ploK£Ie; ypa~ \l£Vll Tll BooKonouAa, nOlTwa, onou o£v £iVOl yuvalKa va ~11 YVWp[~£I, KOl £X£! oTll pOXll TOU xpovoue; olaKoolOUe;». I\iy£e; £upwnaIK£e; YAWoo£e; napouOlo~OUV TOoO £~¢av£ie; op80ypa ¢IK£e; aMay£e; O£ TOoO oUVTOIlO XPOVlKO oloonwa T£A£lwvovTOe;, 8a npoona8~ow va anavT~ow oTO aywvIWO£e; £pwTll~a: 5p[oK£TOI 11 EMllvIK~ yAwooa o~\l£pa npa.y~aTI O£ Kpioll; 'EX£l y[V£l KOlVOe; TonOe; va A£Y£TOl KOl va ypa.¢£TOI OTI 11 EMllVlK~ YAwooa KIVOUV£U£I a. ano TIlv aouva\lla Tile; va aVTOywvLOT£i Tll

..

XP~OT] TT)e; AYYAIK~e;, 5. ana Tllv £1050A~ ava¢o~olwTwv ~£vwv A£~£

:J: UI"-!-_ ..:,'.... /'No 1 v,a T1~ ayapce; aae; ,. r '\:"

/

wv nou 0¢llvw811Kav oTO oW\la Tlle; xwpie; va npooap~o01ouV ¢wvo AOyiKo KOl ~OP¢OAOYIKO oTOUe; KaVOV£e; HIe; (aaavoep, vOlAov, rropKlv, KO/-JrrlOlmp, KAn.), Kal y. ana TOUe; iOloue; TOUe; XP~OT£e; Tlle;, loiwe; TOUe; v£oue;. E[VOl ¢av£po On 010 ~£AAOV, £¢ooov 11 AYYAIK~ ouv£Xio£1 va £lvOl

.;....."'MJ~~

naYKoo\lIWe; 11 KupiaPXll yAwooa, OAO Kat n£ploOOT£POI 'EMllV£e; (KOI 0XI \lOVO) 8a unoXP£WVOVTat va YIVOUV OiyAWooOI, XPllOl\lonOIWVTOe; TrjV AYYAIK~ Yla TllV EnIKOlVWvia \l£ TOV ~£VO KOo~O (£iT£ OLOnpoowmKO £iT£ OlQ\l£oOU TOU OlaOIKTUOU TWV llA£KTpOVIKWV unoAoyLOTWV) KOl Tll WITPIK~ TOUe; yAwooa Yia TllV EnIKOiVWvia ~£ TOUe; O~OYAwaOOUe; TOUe; EivOl £~ioou avanO¢£UKTO 11 EM·llVIK~ yAwooa va o£XT£i OTOUe; KOA noue; TT)e; nA~80e; ~£v£e; A£~£le;, onwe; £X£l ~Oll OUIl6£i ana Tllv anw T£pll apXatOTJlTa \l£XPI Ol'I\l£pa. '000 Yla Tll XP~Ol1 Tlle; ana Tll v£a Y£VIO, £XW Tllv £vTunWOll on 01 n£plooon:pOI V£OI £ivat «OlyAWo 001», \l£ Tllv £VVOIO on X£lp[~OVTOl ouo OLOA£KTOUe; Tlle; EMIlvIK~e;'

o H/Y anoT£lId loWe; a~~£pa T~V TIl0 aqllovT'K~ n~v~ mi15pa a~e; T~e; AyyIlIK~e; aTie; aM£e; vllwaa£e; TOU Kaa~OU. 'OX' ~avo 0' xp~aT£e; TWV HIY apxi~ouv nollu £uKolla va xp~al~onolouv ayylllKoue; T£xVIKOUe; apOUC; (n.x. chip, software, fife, format), £MqvIKtc; IIt~£le; 11£ oyylllKtc; pi~£C; (n·x· aKavapw) :
242

Tll ~la Tll XPllOl\lOnOlOUV one; nap££e; LOUe; Il£ oJ-.Aa nOlOIO Tlle; llAIK1ae; TOUe;, £vw TllV oMll Tll ¢UAOOOOUV YLO ne; KQTa.MllA£e; n£DI O1Oo£le; (OTOV OUVO\lIAOUV \l£ ~£YOAOUe; KallO[We; OTOV ypo¢ouv). Eivat, WOTOOO, aA~8£la oniOLWe; 01 V£OI 60~6apo[~ovTOI ana Ola. ¢opa ~l1vu~aTa npO£PXO\l£va ana TllA£OnTlKa. KavoAla (£MllVIKO Kal ~£va), TO 6[VT£0, Tll pOK \lOUOlK~ Kal Y£VIKO Tllv nOAu£8vIK~ 610\ll1xa via \la~IK~e; KOUAToupae;, 11 onola nap6y£1 tva 01£8v£e; M£y~a ana nOAlTlOTIKO npoIovTO npooplo\l£va Yla TOUe; vEoue;, oTllv npoano8£lo Tlle; va TOUe; KQTa01~o£1 Olx~aAwTOUe; ola¢opwv £~nopIKWV Kat 10£0 AOylKWV ou~¢£pOVTWV. Ot £KTU¢AWTII(Ee; KOl £vaMaooo\l£V£e; ~£ a01pama[a TOXUTllTa £IKOV£e; nou np06a.MoVTOl OTII \lIKP~ 080Vll (TV KOl HIY) Kal 01 a\l£iA1KTO £novaAa\l6avo~£vol £KKw¢avTIKol ~XOI Tlle; oUyxpOVlle; 1l0UOlK~e; an£IAouv 0Xl ~6vo Tllv EMllVIK~ yAwooa, OAAO KOl OA£e; TIe; YAWOO£e; -lowe; KOl TllV £A£u8£p[o Tlle; av8pwmvlle; OKE4Jlle; ;a,

rTA

XPONIA

TOY

ArONA

H KAGAPEYOYIA fiI EnlIHMH rAnIIA TiJv piurrv ollov, v,v /lETa~U, Uyw, nov luOai"~ovrwv "ai rwv i)J.T/Vl~OycO)v, ipou).r,Orrv otrtypaqJwv VIi (Jalliow, olon iOEWpT/Oa i
on

ra

on

trw,

w,

°

I:1tllglOlllv TQlZOUltll" 1oropia rift;'EUrrvlX,/t; "ElwvaoraoEWt;, AO~vu '1 88.

lIJlELt; OUrE rou xuoai"O/lOU uvvr]i'OPO! OUOC:r01£ f'-/EVOpt: iJa, ouu Y),WOUIXOI' iraorrjgwv iorrjoaJlf:I', aUlJT1lflWt; %araOt%ti~ol'w; rout; Jraga(Jaivovrat; roUt; rt:Oivrat; OE O/lOUt;, a)),a /lET' f'1-;'l'Wf/OoUVTJt; aJrollE7,of/cvOl mioat; nit; bri TO piJ.nov ,'Ivo/livat; tit; rqv 1'J.wooav Jlaaf!puO/lilJElt; i-Tf!oaJra8rjoap.£v, 0001' ivijv, va /l1/l'l0W/lCV ci rl xaJ,Dv i,,(}iva/l£v, alpivoVTt:t; TOVt; %!lEirrovat; va JTpa~wO! xa}).u.or£(}a· "~(llroVf/EOa /jf uU1'YI'WfI1JV ti, avw TIlt; aOEiat; rij<; • lEat; Exo}.ijt;, Erp(}oVljua/l£v Jravrou iJ-n, bE/.Oi} lTliaa 1'J.waoa iv yiva ioriv avravtixJ.aalt; rijt; vOljaEWt;, :lWI'TOt; {OVOUt; 1'}.waaa rooouroY yiveral uhl OTif!II, oaol' Ii (llaVOI/TV"'; aurou I>'IVU/l,t; iJr! /iiiUov ava :lTrvaa£Tat. TowiJT7J y).woaa tlrav f] 1'lojoaa rwl' IZt!xaiwv 'EJJ,~,'wv, [•.. ] 'H 1'UiJooa aml/, bi JroVour; aiwl'at; ;l!ai xar' tiJrigavrov uraarv laJ.I/OELau, ilap" /jrarpot!out; Cfiaaw; J ;Lrogpow xai l;';roara1'/la U1" ~W'l'O(}WI' rourwl' i~WJ/larwv Jrgouxu1p£v iJ OlJlIE{}nriJ y}jjjaaa, ixou au }.a/IJrgOrara }.ci1pava rijt; tl.r!xaiat; xaJ).ovr/c;, aj.iiz xai lTol),ouc; pU:lTOUc;, ;TOJMC; r!.0l:rll'iat; xai JroJ.lovt; 5£l'1 al'OIIt; bri rwv l.govOJv rijc; tiJrarJwaiac; Jr{!ooltlpovaa. fouro forr,. i"-'Cjt.XOI' YEYOVOC; aVal'Tif!gtJrol', KWV01:«vt,VO~ All"W;tIO~, Ttl. Eovrona, A6~va 1853.

ra

r...

TI~~T1K6 ayyEia T1PO~ Tav navaYlwT~ IOUTOO (A9~va, E9vIK~ nIVaKae~"~ KOI MoucrEio AAE~ilv1ipou IOUT~OU).

248

METO TrlV OnEAEU8epWOll TO e8vo~ enP£nE vo oPyovw8d KOTO ra npOTuno Tll~ <1>WTlO~eVTl~ lIuoll~ KQl va 8eOEI Tl~ 600EI~ YIO TTlV KOI VWVlK~. nOAlTlK~ Kat nOAlTlOTIK~ TOU aVOnTU~Tl. flO va aVTl~£TWm o80uv 01 OOUVO~[E~ KOI EM£iljJE\~ TTl~ O~IAOU~eVll~ KOIV~~ enP£nE va OUYKPOTll8d veo~ YAWOOlKO~ Tuno~ lKOVO~ va E~unllPET~OEI Tl~ OVO YKE~ Tll~ oloiKllOTl~, TTl~ EmOT~~Tl~ KOI TTl~ TeXVll~, XOPTl OTO KUPO~ TOU E~nVEUOT~ TTl~. 11 OloaoKOAio TOU Kopo~ nEpi ~eOll~ ooou, nopo Tl~ onOl£Oo~noTE aVTlpp~OEI~, dXE Y[VEI YEVlKW~ anooEKT~, Tl 01001

Kooia o~w~ TOU Ka8aplO~ou TTl~ O~IAOU~eVll~ Kat E~nAOUTlO~OU TTl~ ana TllV opxoio YAWOOO ~rav epyo nou anQlTOUOE Til OIQT~PTlOT] AEnTWV looppomwv. Ono06~ TOU Kopa~ ano TOU~ OlQnPEneOTEPOU~ ~TQV TllV mox~ aUT~

0 M£OoAoyyiTll~ nOAlTlKO~ Kat MYlO~ 2nuplowv TpIKOUnTl~ (1788-1873). npoAoyi~ovTQ~ TTlV '/oTOpia Tfie; 'EltltT/V1Kfie; 'ErmvaoTa OEWe; TOU (A8~va 1853), 0 TplKOunll~ EnavaAO\-l6aVE Tt~ KOPO'lKe~ 8eOEl~ OTt 11 vea yAwooa npenEI va nAouTi~£TQl ono TOU~ 8Tloaupou~ Tll~ naAatO~, 0Xl O~W~ Kat va OU\-l~OP<1>WV£1Ql avaYKOOTIKO npo~ aUT~V, Av 11 KavovlOTIK~ aUT~ apx~ napa61a~orav, un~PXE K[VOUVO~ Yla TTl OlaVOllTtK~ npOKon~ TOU e8vou~. lIuva~IKOTEPO~ OTTlV unEpOanlOT] TWV Kopa'iKWV 8EOf:WV anooEI X8TlKE 0 HnElpWTTl~ MYlO~ KWV01QVTivo~ Aowmo~ (nEp. 1785-1872). 'Orav 0 nOlTlT~~ navaYlwTTl~ 20UTOO~ (1806-1868) OTl~OOiEUOE OTIlv A8~va TO <1>UMOOIO TOU 'H NEa LxoA1) TOO ypaepoj.1E:VOU ltoyou ii civciomOle; Tfie; cipxaiae; E:AAT/V1Kfie; yltwOOT/e; E:VVOOUj.1E:VT/e; uno navTwv (1853), ~E TO ono[o K~PUOOE W~ ano1UXTl~EvO TO YAWOOIKO npo ypa~~a TOU Kopa~, 0 Aowmo~, \-la~i ~E oMou~ 8lQOWTE~ TOU Kopa~ (G.
avaAa\-l6ovouv 01 MYlol KQl 101a1TE pa 01 AE~IKOYPO<1>OI. 2TQ AE~IKO OEV an08TlOaup(~ETQI ~ovo 0 napaoo OlaKo~ nAouTo~ TTl~ yAWOOO~. aAAo KQl 01 V£QAOYlO\-lOl, OOE~ oTlAao~ V£E~ A£~EL~ ollfllOUPYOUVTQl Yla TTlV £~unTl P£TTlOTl KalvouPYIWV YVWOTlKWV ovaYKwv ~ naAQl£~ A£~£I~ nou npooAo~6ovouv veo vOTl\-la. 2TOV TO~eO aUTO OTl~aVTtK~ un~p~E 11 OU\-l60A~ TOU
KQl TOU I\€~IKOO 'EMf7vIKOO Kat raMI

KOO (A8~va 1846). 0 Bu~avTloe;, K €

m;n0l8~0E;We; apxa'iOT~e;, niOT£u£

OTl II yAwooa Ka8apl~ofl£vll Sa

~avayupl~£ OTllv apxaia Tile;

nll~. i\£~lKOypa
Evvola TOU OUOTllflaTlKOU

OUAAEKTll VEOAOYlOflWV, un

~p~£ 0 nOAufla8~e; KQl nOAu

npayflwv AOplavounoA1Tlle;

AOYlOe; LTE
VOUOlle; (1818-1899). M£ Ta

Epya TaU 2.uMoy~ U~€WV

aBf7oaupioTWV tv TOle; i;},},f7vl

KOle; },€~IKOle; (A8~va 1893) KQl

2.uvaywy~ vtwv ;\i;~€WV uno TWV

},oyiwv n},aoB€lOwv ana Tf)C; 'AMJ

J.1E:XPI TWV KaB' ~J.1de; xpovwv

1900) a KouflavouollC; 80£l~£ "Tllv

UljJllA~ A£~lAOYlK~ KaAAlEpY£la nou olE8nav Ol n£ploooT£POl A6ylOl,

Til flovaOlK~ O£ noooTllTa Kat nOloTllTa aU~lloll TOU £SVIKOU A£~lAO

y[ou» (M. L1~TOa)

O€We;

(A8~va

Tllv npooapfloy~ npoc; TIC; analT~O£lC; TWV Kalpwv £~unllpnouv Tllv £nox~ aUT~ TO £~£lOlK£ufl£va A£~lKa vauTIK~e; Kal OTpanwTlK~e; opoAoyiac;. KOIVOC; napovoflaOT~C;: 0 Ka8aplofi0C; TT1C; yAwooac; ana ne; ~EV£e; AE~£lC; KQl II avnKaTaOTa~ TOUe; ana apxa1£e; AE~£lC; ~ AE~£lC; nAaofiEV£e; KaTa TO apxaio TUnLKO (I\. naA60Ka-A. KOUfl£A6 cD. Iwavvou, 'OV0J.1GTO},0yIOV vauTIKov, A8~va 1858' ip. XavTO£p~, 2.KWO},0yIOV oTpanwTIKov, A8~va 1870). LTOV TOfiEa aUTO npo 0pOfi1KOe; un~p~£ a pOAOe; TaU Hn£lpwTll NlKoAaou nanaoonouAou (1769-1820), £K06Tll TaU nOAUToflOU EPYOU 'EPJ.1f)C; 6 KE:p0!jJoC;, ~TOI E:J.1nOpIK~ E:yKuK},onGL5E:ia (B£vnia 1815-1817), y£vvaia npoona8£la va Ka8aplOT£l TO £finoplKO A£~lA6YlO ana ~£VOYAWOOOUC; opOue; fi£ TauToXPoVll aVTlKaTaOTaO~ TOUC; ana AE~qC; KaSauTo £A~llvlKEe;. ~

ITt'llCVC~ A, Kou~cvou~~~ (1818-1899).

"Iva puIJpunJ[i £vu).wr; i] yJ.o)(Jua, aJWIULTaI 'va {!VO,Il aOfj Il'pWOOV i} xOLvwvia, 'va lTp'/panaIJ[i iIJVlxov ll'VE:iJpa, 'va avapavwul Jrpo mlvcwv i~OXOL UVYY{Japd.. rwv oJroiwv i] povua, brevt/lyovua apiuwr; iJri rijr; yMiJUUTJr;, avavcOvtl Tllr; aJC1Wl.aLWI'f:var; i4£lr;, lroJ.J.Toypaq;£f iDJ.ar; viar;, YOVll'OJCOl£t Ta ayovam:f!a airrwv /l4!T/, .TJ.ovri~tl rit all'opr1m'{Ja, paa;colET L-ti TO apl'0vUlOv TO: TpaxVr£!1a, XItIJiUTl/UlV, tvi J.OY(ll, U,V y)jjjuuav u,v Otcoi av pcraxcqJi~aa~ y),wuuav ll'avriJr; rOJrov, Jravro, X(lO' vou xai JraUTJr; rixvrJr;. [,..] To /)I£UlJli£lIJlf:vOV Jrepi TO aX{Jalpvir; rijr; yJ,WUUTJr; bi-v c:lvc UTJIJEf!lvijr; £'TOmr;: mav i~aIl'J.wlJfj i] Jrati5cia xai dr; rar; IJllo{)cwr4!ar; xai i£!yarlXar; rastlr; xai i} avayvwmr; yivy xOLl'OrE(!a, [, ..) TOU [uwr; 0 Jrc(!i rirv y).iiJuultv KaOi!(J1UIIOr; (Ptlrisme) 'lJi:v dVE iiro:tor;, tiJJ.a xai rorc a"o/l11 .:roll"i rim:o~ rijr; XIt!}' i}piir; 'EJ.)'T/v~ijr; ;cpow [...] va Jr(JOTlI'WVCat TWV apl.aioyv. _X«(lAa1:0, nlJ~6.vnos. AC5lXOv 'EJJ,T/VIXOV "at raV.LXOV, AOiJm 1846.

"I.

Tc ITOAUTO~O tpyo 'EplJijt; 6 KcpocfJct;, ijrol f:WTOpIKij f:yKu KAol1alOcia (BcvcTlc 1815-1817) cllcTcAci ~IC vcvvcic IlPOCTIc, BClc vc KoBcplOTcl TO C~IlOPIK6 AC!;IMYlo oIT6 !;cv6yAwaaou~ 6pou~.

BPMH::5 0 KEP AOO~ , Jl,T 0 1

EMnOPTKH ErKTKAOnAIA.ElA

NIK.OAAOT IlA.lIA.6.0llOTAO'l' lA npoTPOrUu UI ilAlWilU: TOT

E;~:

.E4N:m'''K''nNOnto.A~1 '1:')tIOT X~I .uoru~

ElUlOPrxoy.

~:"'''to't

N

n"....l Nlla".... ~ rj1l:II T-:' D! IC..unn,Sc. .. I

a , 5.

rEOPiIOl: A. XPIHO",",OYJ\OY

249

rTA

XPONIA

TOY

ArONA

o KA9APIIMOI TOY AEEIAOrlOY KWV(HOVTivo<; KoVTo, (1834-1909), ~£IVOc; £I.I.~VI
a ~£I

~wv YPo~~oTlK6, TOU £I.I.~VIKOU 190u 01. 810awT~, £vo, 6~0

I.ou, oH6 OUTOn/KOU oTTIKla~ou, TTOl.t~IO' Ko8£ ou~818oa~ou KOI LIJ£u~oopxo'io~ou TWV Ko80pol.oywv, auv£r£lv£ oKoualo ~£ T~ yl.waolK~ TOU D~roUa~io OT~V £UVOrKOT£p~ UTTO~OX~ TOU ~oX6~£vou 1i~~oTIKla~ou. Hmoypo
0TI\~10 A8~vwv).

o KA8APII,vrOI TOY 1811 11 lCa{Joiiua cptAoJ.Oyoo, EtpT/,IC(Ji, laf4Jri:vEl ~{j1) xara Jrl!wrov a(!,Ptv bta lCgOT:goJT:ii. xai ri:vaJ,wparwv tv pipEt rfi. tv BOIr,eovgwrirp vEOUVUTaOd07/, <{JtJ.oJ.,oytxij. P,TaL pda, roD 'EJJ.qvLXOV Al.w:iov, ni. Inroia. (T)(oJror; TWiL de; ro va {jibn EwqufLe; tp/lQ).oyLxa" avarp!!!opil'a, xvpiw, El, f(l, YVWUEI' rwv 'EJrrUTT/pwv xai TWV ,'r/aOqoHvv, d. rae; JrCll!llTTfg~UfL, rii. iJJ.1)vrxije; yhiJo01]q, Ei. rirv JrapaX h/J.iav rwv cppaoEwv xai iliuvparwv rij. vEwripa, paa rli. JraJ.au'i, I/ai Ei. rov ;,aOapwpOv aim;. rii'l'cwr4Ja•. AOYlQc;' EfJPii., L 1.1811.

°

o KA8APm\1QI TOY 1898 ·OpoJ.OY1Jriov bi nag(J1]ui(l~ 'EJJ.1]v,x1J 1J/1}lOuwyga cpia {jvvawr IIEYaXw. va W({IcJ.ljon T~V '£J),lII'1X~V yJ.{i)uoav EaV oi r{Jacpovn. ElI'E umCPPovEC; ;eai It:lfJi~wv Ull xaMiJ. r~v 'l)wuflav, duaywur Iii ;tara Ta, ava'll/a. )j;~Er, XPO,ciV Xat: avaJ.oyiav tXOVuar; 'EiJ.1J!'lxJj". .<1Lon at EvlJErbt/ rirv viav 'EJJ.l/VLX11V (np{JJ. ra; bra TIIV
on

v;,

250

o Ko8apIO!-,0e; EKOllAWV£TOI uno TpEle; !-,optpte;: a. we; 0llOXPOVOe; EnOVEMIlVIO!-'oe;: nx OXI jJC;vc;~£e;, OAAa YlOuAl 0 Ko8oplO!-,0e; OUTO<;, 8V nOAAoie; 8qmo<;, EAaXlOTa TOTE EnlXElp~81lK8. B. Oe; £T8 poxpovoe; 8nov8AAllvIOllOe;: n.x. 0XI jJ€V€~£e;, OAAQ rOY. y. Oe; ovo!-'o 0I0AOYlKOe; 8sopxoio!-'0e;: nx· OXI ylOuAl, oAAa rOY. Ot OUO T8AEUTQ18e; !-,optpse; un~PSov TO KUplO !-'SAIl!-'a TWV Ko8opOAOYWV YP0!-'llOTlKWV KOI A8S1Koypatpwv. LTO BaOIKO AESlAOYIO TIl<; XPOVOyAWOOOAOyio<; o 8E,apxoio!-,0e; 8mBaAA81 TI<; EE,~e; XOpaKTilptOTIKSe; OVTIKOTOOTa081e;: IjJOPI - ixBue;, nouM - ffiT)VOV, oKuAoe; . KUWV, KOKKaAo - aowOv, jJaAAto - KOjJT), J.1I'm - cpeaAjJo e;, jJurT) - pie;, OUKUJTl - rynap, oKorwvw - CPOV€UW, nAaYI(]~w - KawKMvojJal, CP€yyopl - o8A~vT), V€PO - iJi5wp, nerpa - Meoe;, cpu.mo - nOo, orOxrT) - ricppa, povoncm - orpanoe;, Bouvo - opoe;, 6:';flpo~' - AWKOC:;, [lOOpOe; - /liAae;, KOKKI\'Oe; - ipu8poe;, Y€J.1C'1TOe; - nitrypT)e; E[vat npotpav£<; on Kat ov OKOI-'Il OEV A'ltp80uv unOljJil ovnKOTamaoEle; ¢80yyOAOYIKOU (n.x. O£vrpo - i5ivi5pov), !-,OptpOAOYIKOU (n.x. oapKO - oap~) ~ £TUIJOAOYIKOU (n·x· auyo - way) Tunou, 01 KUpI8C; OVO!-'OOlOAOYIK£e; MAOYSC; OVSPXOVTQl 08 21 %, Kal !-'aAIOTo mov 1J0VI!-'0T8PO nup~va TIlC; NEOEAA'lvIK~C;. EnaKoAou80C; EiVQl 0 Ko8opIOI-'Oe; TOU AESIAOY[OU OE Ka88 EnlnE 00 Kat I-'0AlmO EKEl onou 01 AOYI8C; A£S81C; (oPxa18C;, OPXQlotpaVElC;, V80AOY101-'0[) apxi~ouv va nUKvwvoUV, ollAao~ 010 T8XVIKO AESlAOYIO (tpIAOOO¢IKO, EnlO1'lI-'OVIKO, T8XVOAOYIKO, KTA.). Eow 0 OVO!-'OOlOAOYI KO<; 8SoPXo'io!-'0e; KQl 0 0PXQlOTpono<; ESEM'lVI0I-'Oe;tpOlvovTal va 8ival n8ploooT8PO ono08KTo[, av OXI 881-'1TOi, I-'LQ KQl EmnpooolOp[~ovTal ana TO Es~e; yEyOVOTO: a. 11 EK fTOPOOO08WC; opoAoy[a Kat OVOI-'OTOAO y[a nou OEV nspaoav 010 K8VTPIKO (KOIvol A8SlAOYIO 8S0KOAou8ouoov

a

VO A£ITOUPYOUV OTO T£XVIKO K£iIJ8VO uno TT)V OPXIK~ TOU<; IJOP
llC(li {)i r~r; eVlJaOciar; ij bvupaOciar; rwv vEOuv)j,ixrwv,

n.x. £vU:..\€X£ IG. Qv. v6ooC;. 6. 01 £MT)vo£lo£i<; AE~£I<; n£pvouoov ov{)iv {)vvarai ftr; v' a:rorpavOfi yCVIXOv, arpov, wr; '/{)Il

£UKOAO IJ£TQYPOIJIJOTl~OIJ£V£<; OTT) NEO EAAT)VIKr], n.X. bi%gie - 610 cLJWpCV, rouain:'1 bTlx(Jaui: pcra~v amwv :rol1
Aoy[o. pandemonium - navoOlJ.lovlOv. y. 01 vo6£<; AE~£I<; IJ£ TT)V IllJl£A wJrwv. '0 piuor; o(Jor; roii a7TatrOvp£vov lflOVOV :rIlOr;

AT)VlKr] TOU<; OljJT) OnOlTQUOOV "£IJIJEOW<;» TT)V nA~PT) £~£M~VIOr] pcraUX1]paftupov vwuv)jixrov Eir; UTeaWnr1]V {)iv vm:ll TOU<;, n.X. velodrome - nooT7AoTOOp0J.lIOV. O. To IJ£TQ
01 "1J£T0010TumilO£I<;», IJ£TQ
PTJparwpwv xai roii XElfllUPOV rov 07T).OV {)iv IJJUWCOVrO

ouoo KOl 0 £~£AAT)VlOIJO<; TOU<; uni)p~£ 600lKW<; OPXOloTpono<; (n.x. a UT(Jaro),0YIJlhi, va pV'!0ff xaL ra pvcmi!!ta rijt; }£'jopi

environment - n£p16aAAov). V'1, xaOa(JcvovO'lt;. '0 paxaeirTJ, Xavr~C(I~, xai oi a)),01

YnoPXouv OlJw<; n£plT1TWo£l<; onou a £~OPXOlOIJO<; 6£wp£iTQl ureauwTlXoi OvoparoOirw, pi] 6.{!xw(ji:vw; va bwuwuI

ouXvo nopoTolPO<;. Ol XOPOKTT)PlCJTlKOT£P£<; £ivol: 0 £~oPxo'iolJo<; KOl viol' wopa Ii, !Java via xai avwvvpa axap'l ,T(JaY!Jara,

a £~£AAIlVIOIJO<; TWV £nwvulJwv: 0 MnowapT7C; Y[V£TOI Boooapl<;, 0 na iOewelwav 7T(Jrnov va pcrapa:rriuOJUlv aeXalOJrgcrrn; xed

vOyl(IJTT7C; KowT7Alf:PT7<; (ono nmtpo) KQl KOUTPIKO<; (ono 1J0vo) yiV£TQI ra ax' aiwvwv u:ra .0 VCOW.1]VIXOV aUrwv ovopa cif; .Ta

vrar; yvwUTa, Ta u;roxaplua LX., Ta p(Jaxia, fa {"Tob'lpara

KoopcKa<; (ono TOV 600lAl0 Koopo). 0 ICJTOPlKO<; £~opxo'iOlJo<; KQl XTl cir; l.mi)var;, 6.{!PUM.r;, tvo(!opi{)ar;, xolopla, ava4l1l!i

£~£AAT)VlOIJO<; TWV KOHl nopOOOOT) TonwvulJiwv. oAAOT£ £nITUX~<; KQl oar; xai (J),la aX(!al({Nw; am'la. LJvQ)wlov oT.\I]V roUrov

onOO£KTO<; (n.x TO nOpTO NrpaKO yiV£TOl n£cpOl£U<;) KOl OAAOT£ OVO ({iaivcrw 1'0: mUTeVuwpcv tiJhl'c,ov Eif; l.wglxovr; av{)(!ar;

n60£KTo<; KOI TUnOKpOTlKO<; (n.x. at Inf:w£c; O£v y(VOVTOl TunaPT7VO<;). ri]v 'IarwT4Jw a:rayycJJ.opi:vl]v (1); TjJa).nIPLOI' umj roii

K060ptOIJ0<; nopo Til V£OAOYlK~ OUIJ60A~ TaU (60.000 AE~£I<; a:roUTTJOiuavror; avri]v Jf(Joyvpvauroii :r(JWT1]V f5,Oaf.7iv:

6T)00Up(~£l a L. KoulJoVOUOT)<;) IJ£ TT)V OPXQlOTponT) £AAT)VOoTptqJ£lCl ,,'H xupa).i] avwgOo>Pfvrl. '0 ;cwyaJl' :rJ.1]uiov TOU c{laxri

).ov· ~ oeamr; xaT' evOei:av CII.T(JO;· oi dJPOI cir; nil' rpv

TOU, £YKOTEOTT)O£ YlQ tvo KOl ITAtov QlWVO TO OlyAWOOIKO K06£OTW<;. Otxi]v amwv Oiu/v· TO avw pfgo~ rou Uff,!Jaror; xriOErov

KQllJoVO T) ITUKVOTIlTQ (45% Kma A. IlavVOpT). 1895) TIl<; XP~OT)<; TT)<; iJri TWV i(Jl.iwv· 0; pguXiover; irciU1];;' ~ :raJ.ap11 :r[!Or; Ta

K060p£uouoo<; IJITop£i £lJlJtaw<; vo 6£i~£l TT)V tKTOOT) TOU K060pl egw· a pIX!!Or; baxrv).or; Eir; .i]v [!flrpi]v ~r; ava~v!!iJ09).

OIJOU KOI TI<; £mmwo£l<; TOU CJTO A£~lAOY10. 'OlJw<; 0 OUVOKOAou60<; M'ixaraMpcrc;

yAwOOlKO<; KOt npoyovo
Kclj.l£VO £Atyxou KOl XA£UT)<; 0Xl j.lOVO TWV 6£pj.loollJWV Ollj.lOTIKIOTWV, rat a:r).wr; bui TOY ru:rov.

E. l'nlbll;,Oi\xflvra, oAAa KOl TWV ljJUXPOlj.lWV K060poAoywV. ~ 1:.5, AO'\vu 1978, (J.191-2.

ra

o

I" 0 HP!!l:

MAl'KflI

1l0TIAPHI

MOVT~~t Tunw~tvo crT~V Eupwn~

OTO xp6vlo T~C; (AA~VIK~C; (NOim,l.IO, n.,l.oT1ovv~crlo-K6 lIo-oypo-tpIK6l15pu~o). o KOA,l.'ftXV'lC; 15.v ulo6tT~O( TOV 15Tl\1w15~ Timo "Mn6Too-p~c;" oun TOV Ko-6o-p.UOVTO «Boo-cro-p,c;", ilia tva V[v~16~wa Tuna: (T1ov6o-TOO~C;

(cB6roaplC;»).

NTINOL: r"EQPiOY6HL:

251

H

AOrOTEXNIA TOY E,\EY8EPOY KPATOYI

01 ZYMnIEJI ITO TEAOI TOY 190u AlnNA

rcwpylOC; PoiAac;, '0 TTO,ryT~C; 'Ap"rrojJcvryc; npoBd£YYloC; avo ylYVWOKWV 'pyov TOU c;c; OUyK£vrpWO'v TTOlryniJV, Ana aP'OTCpa npoc; Ta ~C~la: r, LTpaT~y~c;, r. llpooiv~c;, I. noH· ~~C;, K. naAa~
TOU

ncplo~IKOU

......_.... _._ ..... . . - ..... •

I

.

'

-....

novoBljvOlo.

£llepavioTllKav aUT~ Tllv £nox~ (K. naAallUe;, I. Llpooivlle;, N. Kallno.e;, I. nOA£Il11e;). 8£wp£iTQl 6t6Qlo OTl 01 nOlllT£e; aUToi anolluKpuvav Tllv noilloll ana TOV pOllavTlollo KQl Tllv Ka8ap£uouoa OOllywvTae; Tllv o£ Illa KaSllll£P1VOT£Pll aTlloOqJQlpa KQl Olll OllllonK~. H npOO£XTlKOT£ Pll tp£uva odxv£1 OTl we; npoe; Til y'\wooa KaTU TllV £V t..6yw oEKa£Tia O£V nopaTllpdTQl KUTl nou va Ilnop£[ va xopaKTllPIOT£1 a,\i\ay~, aMu an'\we; £viOXUOll £m'\oywv nou ~TOV ~Oll OloSIlTte; KQl npOllyoulltvwe; (o.,\i\WOT£ Ta 616,\io TWV nOlllTwv Tile; Y£VlUe; TOU '80 KaTu Til o£Kanio aUT~ n£plEXOUV KQl apK£TOUC; OTixoue; O£ KaSap£uouoa), napo. Tllv lOXUP~ Kuplapx[a Tile; AOylae; y'\wooae;, nOl~llaTa o£ n£ploolKo. ~ O£ nOlllTlKU 616A(a, aMu KQl ot..6KAllP£e; ou,\i\OYEe;, O£ OIlIlOTlK~ 01l1l00l £UOVTQl OTIlV AS~vo Ka8o'\ll TllV n£p[ooo 1830-80 ana nOlllTte; dT£ aKpmqJvwc; 0llIlOTlKloTte;, onwe; A·X· 01 Emav~Olol r. T£pTOtTlle; Kal Ap. Ba,\awpiTllC;, £iT£ "oiy'\woooue;", onwe; Ol I. Za'\oKwOTae;, L. KapuOlle;, AX. napo.oxoe;, !'l. rp. Kallnoupoy'\ou (ana TO 1862 OlOV naV£nLOTllilLOKo nOlllTlKO olaywvlollO, nou OvoIl6~£Tal Twpa BOUTOl vaioe;, £nlTptn£TQlll un060'\~ KQl tpywv 0Tll OIlIlOTlK~) Til olyAwooia aUT~ OUVTllPOUO£ KQl TO y£yovoC; OTl 6aolK~ ll£plllVa TWV nov£moTll IllaKwV KPlTWV ~Tav v' anoqJ£uxSd ,,~ 6vo.)ll~le; TTle; xuoaiae; OlQA£ KTOU Kat TTlC; YAwaollC; TWV '\oy(wv".

_

.... -""'.

.

-.

-

To 1880 8EWpdTOl Tt'\Oe; Illae; m;plOOOU HIe; VEO£MllVlK~e; lOlopiae; KQl AoyoT£Xviae; Kal apx~ Illae; vtae; £nox~e;, aVaV£WTlK~e; KQl £KOUY XPOVlOllK~e;. L£ O,Tl aepopo. Til AOYOT£xv[a Ol KQlVOTOlli£e; K0lo. Til o£Kan[a 1880-90 dVQl nOAu n£plOoOT£p£e; OlIlV m;~oypaepia, 1l0AO von 0 opoe; y£vlu TOU '80 avaqJtpnal Kupiwe; OTOUe; nOlllTte; nou

&'@G::!t:£.o il701J IB'

260

Til OTlY~~ nou 11 Oll~OTlK~ EnlKpan;[ OTllv nOLlloll -TEAOe; Tile; oEKaETlae; TOU '80- 11 ano~OKpUVOll Tile; nE~oypa
'H Nava JrE[Jmpi[!ao aaxo,Twq tv rtf pLX(J(i aLOovuT/, OU i80v 0 Aa{Jo(J8ir, avEJ,Owv va rtf opL},1u!! JrE(Ji eVxaLfliaq uvoq Jra!?OVllLatoptvr,q va ri'jq ayo(Jau{/ eVO{/vorara xiiu JrE(JLrpr,POVq 8avri})aq, ,Ta(i [4arpva tv rtf aELfl(i ri'jq opL}Ja, rov xai ri]v ci:O{/llLV OU 0 Fcw(Jywq a;riOal'E, Koxita),() eVOT)q ~ Nava, - '0 rwyoe;! 0 rwyoe; 'JriOavE! iSErpWVI/llEI' afiiawe;, Kai ra {JUppa r{/e;, xw[!iq va OtA!!, tl7T[!arpl/ xai tivEt1m hrl rofJ raJr{/roe; ri]v i(JvO(Jav itl/).i8a· a}J,' avrl/ [s{/}.ciq;OI/ raoq, ~ tr(JOur(JL(J~ rwv JrOOWl' ril" alfri[!WD'. '0 Aa{JoglJi:r tv roUrOLe; ij[!iLllE xai rae; ).vrrofiE(!Eia;: otv ElvaL rix6pI/ xaJ..a xaJ..a yvwurav ;rwe; bri'j)jh'v 0 Oavaroe;, iiV,OI )iyo/lv iiVOLSE mlJ..tv Jr}'I/l"I rov, IiUOL on I/'UrOitrOV1/llE I>I/OCV ;rwyEiq twoe; ).[pYl/e; nvoe;. Allllho~ ZoHI., Nava, AOIIV(ll~, (1. 601.

r,

r,

Ev l7lJVrOP'IJ oi Uyw rofJro povov, ou, we; f:i I. lv X!JljlTt/ y).waaa ~PW1\ owrpO[!Oe; dq rae; JrE:f!Lypalpae;, ii).iJI lie; rov ou/.}.oyov, ii}).1/ ;wra ui JrpouwJra xai ro Olpa, pITa{JaJ..J..v pi:vr] ~ara ro i'vrovov ri'jq ({i(Jaaf:We; is iJ~I'l.iO'r'" Jr/l{la). },aYT;q £'Ti ro lJI/POrL~ti)rE[JOV I] ygap/lart.XwrI'(Jov, xai a,v'.oL ovpi:vr] xara ro uiJO'rIJpa rwv EvvOLWV, £'Ti ;ram oi w..l.;r~q hI) ij pii}.1ol' clxavovLO'roe; ct, Ttl rOI; O'Vyi[!OVOU fJiou hi rwv tiVrtXELptvwv rofJ xaAovptvov Jro),trtapofJ, -wq txtL }.olJrov olirwq ~ yUjjaaa ~PWl', 0& ~ro 15vvarov marorc(Jol' VIi P£OE!?III/l'WOfj ro npcvror.v,TOV ri'je; Navaq.

To 1tClQlmavw XWQlO 10U 1. Kaf.o),(cs cWV 1tE~oyg('(CfWV C11~ ETWX~;, oowv Em8ulLOUV VCI ygci\jJouv aE ~lLU Qw),ron%~ y),woaa. Ol 6uo%0),i£; yivOV1at atcrG'~c€; %ClI. aE 1l0l11u%OT.EQa Eioll 0 1. ITo),u).<'I.;, !ra),mo; [1C18'~c~S 10U Lo),CO~LOU, owv fl.nacpQai;£l nlv 'OeJl'oaELo. (liiilJ 1881) 1@ rTlv 'lJ.uloa (1882 KE,) aL08avEwl c(VEilW)%ll 't11 OOi'CO~ll1<~ 011fl·OU1
«'H Nova Vu~v~ rrpo Tau K6~~TO<;", A£~ilVTa orro T~V tK~O(J~ Nova, TOU Ar~,Alou ZoAa, O£ ~£Ta,!,pao~ (l>Ao~ [I. Ka~rroupoyAoul, 1880,

To

avw'fgov ,T}.aurLxOv nVEVpa ovof:piav 1i);'IJv owarw va clip!) &dsooov ij tv rtf y).,tiJaay 1'00VpEvn ourE LIJe; vooum!' a.vr~v oi J
ro

Ava),OYES ELVOl 6uo Xgovw aQycnEQCt xm Ot a;,,) JUS 10U 6.. Bl%€Aa:

'H ,TapofJaa Oimq roii y},waalxofJ tTJr1,laroq opo/{it;El :r{J(lq EXX(JEpiq wt!o).oyiov (Jwi/J)q xmJ0i:v V,TO ;&11> 1b(},jUEWq i:x roii £"I), iiX(Jov <4; ro a)).o. l'aJ.a.vrwrral. TO iXX[!Epi" pfx(JLq oil 0 1'01l0<; ri;e; (Ja[JVr1'JToq ro l.TavaqJc(Ju fir; nil' qJuapajl' rov Of:ULV. I];vlllx1 rou Oiatr; 'faiVITal TO pf:fT/JV. LhaJ£;ue; xai i1 vaIlVJjuEI.~, ll!)o4yoj.l€vu, AOllva 1893, Q. 0',

NALOL: SA - A:i.

261 •

~

__

...

,

•

• ,'

.,~

.~

I

,

"t/"'\"';"~·..L~

H

AOrOTEXNIA TOY EAEYGEPOY KPATOYI

H nOAVrMlIIIA THI HGOrPAcblAI To ATlOAUT~P'O i\uKdou TOU AAt~avi5pou 16.9. 1874 (Ae~va, IuHoy~ E.i\.I.A.).

naTlai5la~
- M1I'IJ.Q"JtlJ., ,', y'vui:xu u' tljl'Xl.

- "EqJU'{E; nov ;tC!.EI; etltEV ESUqJvlaOris 0 ;(QIjUTOS ciV1]Q.

-6£ SEQOU.

- £ SfQeI<;; Kl (mo ltoli t6 "!laOES;

- 0' 8ao-o.'; TS MaQxlvus ~tUvE xElba awu YIOM. xi T'V

dlhL

- Ku' ltOIOS Elv' aUTO;, ou Bua.A'; TS M
To ltUll\lov UTgarpEv ltQO; TIlv OUQuv EGTe

-I 'a, XEi"olJS art' aTExlTl {'S' Urr.' TIlv rtoQtU.

'0 x· (I MovaxaxllS xal 01 TEWS O/llA1ltUltou, TWV OltOlWV

,'E'{a).w; EXEVn'lltlj 'i ltE(lI£QYEIlJ., EaTgaq;lJaav 0),01 ltgoS

'tIlv OUQu.v.

,,'H NOatUAY09' (1894), 'J\Jravw (Exb. N. •TgIUvrUlplJUO:tOUAO<;), T. 3, a. 62. nCJJCJCJL%~-UqJOAOYL%~ CL\'tLonsll CLvOfJ-ECJa olllv xaBagEu ouoa IOU a
'0 E1JltElO~S 'AQYU(HJ.X'lS, liUTlS IU\),I; EqJOav£ ,'CX!!' tWV

Toli ci"uUT~I,atO; TllS, qyeQ011 E
X£lpllAqv tOu TOV )'wpyov).1} TOU, E O)(}(hj t'0 Y.(,XXlVOV ~w

vaQl TOU, TQEiS ultlOa,u'tS ilAuri, \J1tClillfJEV £1s TOtiS ltobas

Ta JtEb,I.a. TOU, xa' ES~),OEV ds Tllv (,1)6".

TUUTOXQOVW; dX£\' ESE/·On XUI /) TaQuI)11,1O;, 001:'S

[''T,aaEV o,ui,lav "i: TOV 'AQ'{uQ&.-"'1 tij; fugolpaAtuc;.

- T01Qa ft' a.Qf.ans, YE'Tova, nil Hyn... "ill' dam ciA,,~a.v,

aws, btilTl c.rVUl XCLtlJ. TO. uxoina (XUTUWXUY1]). To 'fEY

yagl bi:v flva' TWQU naY' TS "ElJ.IIVfC; (ltavw.ljVOS) vo.

lpo~uaCLI TCIv raxw aou vlIXTa...

TOlCtutCl it.).I]VlXo. WfIU.E' 6 NtUQulllJfLOs.

vo. x<'
Cr[!OV(I)i A ·A!ri"Qcir.ll~.

w,'o'"

n,v

-T'

'EvtOv'l (tVllCJtl;q UVc't~I€CJU: u. OTllY xuSugEuouoa tau acP'l':T"l-ovYYQG.
262

H IlSoYPo<1Jio (m;plTlou 1880-1910) OTP£<1JOTOv OTIlv ovoTlOpaOTOOll Hle; oUYXPovIle; £MIlvIK~e; TlPOYIlOTlKOTIlTOe;, li5LO[T£pO Trle; £,\.,I..1lVlK~e; £TlOpx[oe;, KOl £[X£ we; OTOXO Tile; «T~V smOTOW:VIlV Il£AtTIlv TOO TlPOYIlOTLKOO" (K. noAow'te;, 1896). To ouYXpovo £upwnolKo P£UIlOTO TOU VQTOUPOAlOIlOU Kat TOU P£OAIOIlOU OUVOO£UOV TIlV £MIlVlK~ IlS0 ypo<1Jla 0' oAIl TIlV Tlop£iO Tile; KOl Tile; SOLVOV Til OUVQTOTIlTO va ~£Tl£ paO£l TIlv £lOU'\''\'IOK~, «'\'oOYPO<1JtK~" n£plYPo<1J~ TWV IlSWV Kat £SIIlWV Tile; £MIlVIK~e; uno[Spou. 2:TIl yAwooa, 11 Tl£pIOOOe; OUT~ OTLYIlOTIOTIlK£ ana Til OLallaXIl Il£TO~U Tile; OllIlOTLK~e; (TOU llJuXaPll KOl TWV onoowv TOU) Kat TIl<; KOSO p£UOUOO<;, £VW TIlV KUP[OPXIl yAWOOlK~ aVT[S£CJll OTIlv npollyoull£VTl Tl£p[ooo (1830-1880) XOPOKT~Pl~£ TO ~£uyoe; «KOSOp£uouoo - apxo[ ~OUOO" (np6A. n 2:0U1OO<;, Nea LXOAi) TOU yparpOJ.-lE:VOU AOYOU i) ava OTaOle; Tl'je; apxaiae; eAAr)V1Kfie;· .. , 1853). 2:TIlv Tl£~oyPo[o Il eOOlK~ OUT~ olollaXIl OVTlKOTomp[~£ToL, KOTOPX~V, OTlO IlLOV UCPOAOYLK~ oVTIOTl~Il, IlIOV OVTLS£TLK~ OUVUTlOP~Il TWV ouo yr,woolKWV 1l0P<1JwV W:oo OTO [OLO O~YIlIlO, IllO<; '\oYlO<; YIO TO Ilepo<; TOU O<1JIlYIlT~ Kat IlLO<; AOlK~<; YIO TOV £uSu ,\oyo TWV TlpOownwv, TO OLO'\'OYO. H TOUTO XPOVO YAWOOlK~ KOI U<1JO'\'OYIK~ OUT~ aVTlTlOpOSWIl SX£1 ~Oll OVlXVWTEl o£ Il£i~ovo sPyo TIl<; npwTIle; n£ptooou, onw<; 0 Go-vo<; BAf:Ka<; (1855/56) TOU n. KOAALya KOl TO OVWVUIlO 'H orpanwnKi) ~wrj tv'EJ-J..Of51 (1870), OAAO KOl O£ OLIlYrlllOTO TOU £AaooOVOe; 6. AIVlOVO<; (1800-1881), £vw 0 PO[olle; CH no-mooa 'lwo-vva, 1866) KOI 0 BIKSAO<; (/\ouKfie; /\Opa<;, 1879) npoonoSouv vo TIlv TlOPOKOIlLjJOUv Il£ TIlv OTlO uY~ TOU OLQAOyOU. LTIlv n£plooo TIl<; IlSOYP0loe; Il OTOlX£IWOll<; OUT~ OVTLTlOpaS£Oll £KT£IV£TOI O£ Illo YAWOOlK~ - UOAOYIK~ nOAuyAwooia: Il mo OVTLTlPO OWn£UTlK~ n£p[mwoll £iVOl 0 A,\.s~ovopoe; nonoololloVTIl<;. H 600lK~ S£WPllTlK~ SsOll TOU, OTlW<; OlaTUTlWVnOt OTO apSpo TOU «iAwooo KO( KOLvwvio" (1907), OUV[OTQTQL OTIlv OTlOKpOUOll TOU LjJuxoPLOIlOU, £Tl£l o~ £PXOTOV, IlO~1 Il£ TOU<; aMoue; «~£vIOIlOU<;", ana TIlv Eupwnll OOTOOO, OTO 0<1JllYIlIlOTIKO sPyo TOU nOTlOOlOllavTIl £KOllAwv£TOI IlIO YAWOOlK~ nOAucpWVlO -OOV OVOYKOOTlK~ £m60M TOU OuyxpOVOU TOU AOYOT£XVIKOU «06YIlQTOe;" Tile;, KOI «WVOYPOIK6", mOT~<; ovonop6 OTOOll<; H]<; npOYIlOTLKOTllT0<;, KOt Tll<; YAWOOlK~e; npOYIlOTlKOTllTO<;,

HI<; EnOX~e; TaU, fj£OW HIe; "mOT~<;" anooOOIle; Tile; KOlVWVlOI\£KTOU KQl Tile; lOIOI\£KTOU TWV npoownwv TaU (01 napanOfjn£e; 010 "ATTOvra). H Ka8ap£uouoa XP'l 01 fjOnOl£l1O I KaVOVIKQ OlaV I\ayo TaU (KUpIOU) aepllYIlT~, OTOV Myo TWV npoowndwv TaU ouyypaep£a (2.310 :Ln. B£pyouo~e;), 010V Myo TaU £OWT£PIKOU a<1>'lYIlT~ (npoownou T'le; a<1>~YIlOIle;), aTaV npoK£lTOl Yla fjOp<1>Wfj£vo. H anl\~ Ka8ap£uouoa XPIlOlfjOnOI£lTal o£ ola!\6youe;, loiwe; Kl\llPlKWV ~ QMwv ~OP<1>Wfj£VWV (2.130). EV[OT£ YlVOVTOl olop8wTlK£e; En£ fj600£le; 0111 oIl ~OTlK~ (3.29.8). !1£v anOUOIQ~£L KOI 11 fjIKT~ (2.92, "ovun60IlTOe;, ~t Tte; KQI\TO£e; fjOVOV, yu~vwl\£VOC; ... »). H O'l~OTlK~ ~nopd va XP'lOl~OnOldTal 0' OI\OKI\IlP'l T'lV £OWT£Pl K~ a<1>~Y'lo'l (3.353), OTOV Myo TaU KUpLOU a<1>IlYIlT~, fj£ £LoaywYLKo ~

nMYLa (2.132), KaL 010V OLQI\OYO TWV npoownwv. Xp'lOlfjOnOLOuvTal £niOIle; OLQI\£KTOI (Tile; LKl080u Kupiwe;) Kal LOIOI\£KTOL: "YUVOlK£IOV [oiw~a" (2.11 0), nQlOlK~ Yl\wooa (3.90), yI\WOOlK£e; napa~OP<1>WO£l<; (OOI\OlKlOfjOi) O£ OIQI\OYO (2.97-8), £l\aTTWfjaTlK~ yl\wooa (3183: "fouTou founaTou»), ~£voy}"woo£C; £K<1>POO£le; (fj£ nl\oYla: 2.25) Kal "onaofj£va" £I\I\IlVlKO ana ~£VOUC; (2.635 K£). To VOTOUpal\101lKO aiT'l~a Yla TJl "epwvoypa<1>lKQ" mOT~ anaOOOTl T'le; Yl\wooae; oOIlY£l TOV nanaOLO~QVT'l oTJl XP~OT] TIl<; Ka8ap£uou oa<; OTOV Myo TaU aepllYflT~ (ouyypa¢>£a) KQl TWV fjOP<1>W~£vwv npo ownwv TWV a<1>IlYllfjQTWV TOU 0 iOLOe;, O£OIlI\Wfj£VOC; aVTl4JUxapIOT~e;, o£V KOV£l TinoT' oMo ana TO va £'lYIlT~<; (ouyypa¢>tae;) OC OPIOp£V£e; n£pInTWO£Le;, O'lI\WVOUV "ano o1OOlonoillOIl" ana Tllv ~£vll y I\WOOlK~ XP~OIl ~e"

- N&. /} 'A,u!!~~&.voc;. EltUvEl-U~Ev /} ltl..oluQl0C; 'l/lfl!!IWtl];

bdl;uc; tOv riuEl.OOvtl,t ltQo; tOU, (JUvu6U'l'0u, tou.

01 TEU[JUQEC; f/iltoQodoLU[lXOI ECJtQE1jJUV tOU, IHjlO{u.l1oU;

1tQo, TOy VEooen! E),90vtu )(Cl! tOy f)(oiraSUV a..,l-'lCJtIIJC;.

-,'y'tr:ovo JC{!anyo, {ltvtO{!t, ih
(JI[JE" ~).rnoo. x' f~yij"EC;.

'0 SEVOC; EXU~IE UT]/iEiov XUIQEtIUIIOU /I' niv lEiQu.

- []kljt~ XtlJCurv (OQUrtE )«J.)'lEtUVU:), dmv EI, tUlv [/iltoQO

ltWllIQXOIV 0 xUltl~ilV 8U/llO, () KOlJQ(J.oUvo;, i~lloxnit11;

/lEyaAou ~QlxiOlJ, oenlC; dXE X«IIEl II' 0 ml;(blll tic; titv

WXEUV/}v, ~IExllt Aovblvov, xui dXE /lu9u OxtW ~ bEXU

UyyAIXU, 'l'Quonc;.

- €Jiyx-iov {lE[! (EUXClQlOtW, xUQLE), UonlvqOl" E\JYEVlii;

oSEVoc;.

<<'0 'A/IEQlXUVO;» (1891), ",tJr(lvta, 'To 2, u, 260.

Eiiw

oVTIJtClpa8Wll yiVEtClL OVUIlWO GT1J yAwoou 'tOu (xo.8uQruolJou) xOt 11<; SEvayAwOOE<; E%fjJpaOEL£ nov rrQooclJJrwv, w LtlXALXa eva; EvramOU It),OlclQXOU 1]

u
(provo ][Qauyo, oLVloQe: xaAw~ seruraQxCll2e~, xVI2Le)

Kal !'

uyy),Lxa EVa; «SEVOlJ» (e1'CUVaXcl~t1j!uvrO<; E),i,rlvou~LEQlXcI. you) XL eva<; aHou Y.arrE!clVLOU. KL cOLO Wlt\ayLU (~ IIUO. yw,'lxa) urroOTJ),WVOlJV !TJv «anom:OOlO7tOLTJO'tl" !OlJ OqJT],~l ,11-auYYQD.fjJEU urro TCl ~Eva lOVlJllora.

ETTItptTOI aT~ ouv£p vooio TOU ~£ TO rr£p. Nta Zw!j, AA£~ov ~p£io, (A8~va, 7 L£nT£~8piou 1907) (A8~vo, LUAAoy~ E.A.I.A.).

o £VKoa~lO, narra~Ja~a'IT~", ~£ Ilovwq>o PI, VIAcKO Km Vpo86ro (1908)' ~£v £ivOl Tuxaio an OUT~ ~ 'l'wTovpaq>io KOO~Ei TO £~WWTO Vpo
ilQPIOI BEI\OYf-IHl:

./

rAorLiKEr

IIIAMAXEl:

o rlANNHI 'IIYXAPH1: KAt 0 AHMOTIKlIMOI «Ma).).~aQo~> ~wv OUvtl8E
TfJrav Eva p(/abv, OTO peytiJ.o xarpevtio roii Zal.flQarOl1, [•••J OJTOV uVzva~av ;et' 0),01 ozcbov 01 ),fy,/tol rii, iJroxii,;. T~v iT!!oofYRJ rov KovfJvAaXt] ;eivqulIV two Tf!a~ VEoI pi XMW, lU(JiE(ryo VI(IO';' iTfl(Iizgevo vrVuzpo ;eai p£ytiJ.a pallia. [ ... J PWT:TJtTE rirv iTflQca roy ITOioi ,frav aUroi ot aMOxorOI' XtlJTOlO, rOv DTJJ]{!OI(lO(J'luc, fleil,1jrav mYIOI c1",,' aVro~ flOU fy{!atpav b.civa ra :r~eva. KI' 0 Kov {JUAtlxq" pJi.1tOVfa;; ro XOlVO rOl1;; Xfl(Iax'lT/{!umxo ,frav r(/ JJL'i'tiJ..a pa)J.ui, rpl1Jva;c «M' aino; aval paJJ.Ja {loi!" 11 lra(!ca yila(11: [... ] Kai rovopa {PElv£.

:rm,

r!!11YO!!
'H Aigq «MalllflQ09>, Aull£l;lllnll «tPOt'lT/TIX/Il:VVf(/OI(lI.a», AOliva 1921,11. 13.

9il Mjrc ltoU pIa Pie" Oa xaTavrrjUIJ vr:(/Oltq va y(/al(lov

Tqv "aOaf!i(Jovoa.

(... J 'H b'/1lOr/.X1i bi Oa xpvqrruw, rOTC;; va ipav[j, oiz va drav Xal'Eva Vf(JOltam, a(J(Jwortd(Jrxo, (/axmti{Jlxo, ljJw (/Ul{JIXO flat hi .TOV /jiv ro).p(i va Pm 6~w oro b(JOIlO, "ta,i 0).0 VOlli~EI ltOV Oir. 1'0 :rE{!tltai~1 0 XO(1"o,;, 11 xa Otlf!ifJavua [...] [fJ(JIOE: yUiJUua pa;;, rill' El"TC It(Jourv ;(TJ. xv baia, P(JWfIlXIJ' II' arpriz ,a )"iJyta lpf!wC "ai ro pI:

6i: Oil 'T{Ja(JtiTaI, lH Oil rpo(Jii:ral

ma

rr,

EOvo;; ;wi; t:lxc xaflE' rq y).,wo(1a. naV"'lS 'l'1JXaQ1JS, To

°

rl6vv~c; \jJux6p~c; (1854-1929).

Ta~ib, pov,

o. 172.

o lJ)uxo.PIle; (1854-1929) EKOlOEI TO 1888 To TaWJI /lou

H 8KOOOTJ OUT~ OTJIlOTOOOTEl TIlv 8VOp~IlTIle; mo OTJIlOVTIK~e; iowe; (KOI no.VTWe; Tile; mo 1l0XIlTLK~e;) nEpIOOOU TWV OUYKPOUOEWV YIO TO YAWOOIKO ~~TIlIlO.
'Avayi;VVTJOlc; (1902) unoypa~~taS Hlv allw11 O)(to11 TOU IlS TO ~Ol1

To olxaOT~(J
OlOTUnw~tvo OlTllIlO YlO SKnQlOSUTlK~ IlSTQppU8~lOll.

01 OTWOTlKlOTb;, nou unOOT11pi~oVTav KUplWC; ana T11V tYKUP11 S
To 1901 0 rrg(jl100iXllC; :::£voq)(DV IT£UeJ.XllC; ovvew~£ bLxa mlx~ arr6cpaoll OTll 01111OTLx~, Tllv orrOla, Yla TO ),6yo aVT6, agVlj811x£ va urrOYQUljm 0 rrg6EbQoC; T(jJV rrQ(jl10bLXWV. 'HTav, xaTeJ. TOV TgL«VWCjlVUibll, «~ llQWT11 rrQO(JTI:eJ.8ELCX va XQT].

'Axv[apl]17 ("ITo~aXI OVOlV~EVO niaWeE~") ~E TO uno~v~~a TaU. Ano TO 818A[0 'Aepwl7lvoC; MlJxovla/10C; (~E mimAO "Em ar~~~ npWTo~ae~T~"), ME:To~poa/10 'AAE~aVTpOe; n011op6 aKOU, a
ENTYllQIEII AITO fi\QIIIKO MAe] lMA

IE A'TA:::H MIMOTIKOY IXOi\EIOY

(AeHNA,1907-1908):

'0 /)a(JxaJ..o,;: "Ti Oil itij itrE(}l'a;»

"Eva,; /laOJraj,. "€p!"Ef!01.r
(Jf(J01JY'i01JXc /lTO avayvw(JT;J7.{) ~ J.i51J itrE(JV5).

'0 fidw,aJ.(J,. "Ti Oa :rij :rriJ-a;»

Ma01Jf~,: <

(Jt{101Jy~01Jxc ~ M51J 7rETW(JJ).

LJa(}'",wM,: "Ti Oil ;rij ;rfvw;»

Ma01Jf~,. "/I£"Itl.).a rpu(Jtl.».

L1aaxa)"o,;: "flw, ),t-IETal xa)"vu(}a fO rpfirvw;»

·AX.... 17 ~'C~f'-a.:<.t civ~.r:.fvo 1tlaWO"

Oi
11. ~.

<['OU
"''ii,

Ma01J'~,: "({'TV(J)>>.

A. L\. [EJ.,J,out;o;], «.EiXOVE; ano ta U'l0Mola /!a;»,

XOAi\, C· Ila1'~?,ittxo<: • A "l. Mlxp
TO

KATA

70

rwro,

MA00AIO

r'~Pllp'\' ~~c> eTa

""~H

lpUT':l

I'Il\(J,

opnp'"

~.~'\OYM(

T(.

.J

CTON

1I.(f¥-,..U M

TO XhlPc\.¢J1 TOy

rio!'> (O,$TO Ot.lO.~Io:\CTH

CTo\. ellu£p.\.

lepe.ul.\

TOTEe

TOU k€ p 0j.ltba

157. K.·

°

pwrwu:

r..,.n

KI'eKEINol 010 1l0Ay $<.oH.AZAHe K.ttJ AErANc "N""CT60!p
T.~ Xfp" o nf"Qc CTO n'\HOoc Kl'flin "Aewoc ~l 61TO

TOY

nIoolpOY Tel TpHIVTO'

Tl~HI-l€""OU. nOI) TI)JHeo\oO ana

TOUe :.oue TaU IcpOH'\, KOI

&.noKpl9H Kl'EmE "To "'I""'" TOY <\n<\HUT' MA

1(.0.1 TOH IHCOY TO",," BOypMyAIC8 KbJ TO,. ru'f"'Ao':U(f H~

eI4!poo9t!i

KI'o IHeoyc TOY linE" Ecy ro Aee ",

"n.... NT~e€

TInOT",

Ton'e

° IT..

M1:1 ., 6~ lIKOYC nou. C£ MTHrop-oYH;"

'"~ .... TOY /loro,

.,.n€~ao'\lK<)...

158. K... , ~ee CKQ'\H

TaCO

°
160..

lAATOC TOT

l
AfN TOY

"'c.\nopoyc£ 0

¢,porp",

6p

cy"'H8IZI:

~ TOY

eH"~lUI nOT '\ErOY1'lTAl\I BC\p...e~c, Ewe.> CIT~ AOlno... cy''''C\r/"\c,,,OI, lore eme 0 Oe.4TOC .. IT.0,," One ~~ ce.c AE!prcpwcw. TQ 8o'1po\BBA,. H ,TOH IHeo'y, A$lOH noy '\~:ro.. Xp'CTOC i" rWloTl HIE'Pf €~P"'. £C1'EI'\i: H rYNAIKh TOy 1'C&1 roynE 'I Ml-+N ~tX.elc

rr&9w ""O'fe CT l>t'Ilf.IPO

l>.~(l,

crp<\TI(llr~C T'APXMroY nHpMI!. qv .,

K6.1 NTl'NOHTM: TON

e,

Kl' ,n'\£!"'-H

(NCo

TftrrpW, TOy

KOl(l(llfH

rl"TI 1.4 EK"'~E:

rro.u.t.. """'.

4\0'1' .OMWC 01 ,llp
O'\H THo

CTOAH...- TOY

fl{

en:¢,"''II! 4n~blKAal¢o W4.1 TOY

A.t4

1'uy

~l roltAnC'tQl, "l1)'OCT6. TOT TOH- ntpm.o.l.i.t.M .....,. , "-fr... H( 'f I" XOJpnoyM't!:, BAecA£o!l ~TW"" 10Yll"'l'U* ". KM

Xf.pt'

~TYCO+iTCC

TO .... "ti~~ TO j(Mow,I !
CTHN K(l1J"'''H. KI' aTboN TON nEpJnAJW. l!Iro.zONT.,.c: TOYi'

4

TN CTOAH TON {/IfT'YC
TI'{O(4.no MICoe TON nh~WK~. KI'€~ K"OOTAl'oC CTHH'

TOW

t>f

Tt)8!'l.AAH Tp1rrpw eTO If;'-¢,MI, K6J ~ t:TO

lOTtC !PyMI
TlnOT6 M' jj!1«(If.I?N

•

TOTfC

....px"rE10 TON lucol' KAt .....'l.Zf."t'6....

'\l¢)f~Ii' €loI~ $yA."KtCWNO TOY MOl'. OIT'lOoot H&iMH,

KI' eIXA~

I(""'~"'tolo,.

B¢oP605&,.

roye At¢lTE~)<£' TU

0 "PXllroc K..... ,\HI" E:CY f'CAI 0 &.c:''\£4C

6n(\NTHCli WHe C'

XHroe

TGTEe

04 n4J.!r.I" loAAC ",

rWN IOYMI,,]).. ;"

~(W

ECEK q,\,\oncn:,TC TO ".·KI'O.AO<: 0 Moc

TO &.WA "'!PTO'

Tul:>WKO'l na TO xwpoqu

koOwe 0 KuplOC JJ,~ npocro~f. holeoye CTb-OHKe Mnpoer... eTa,. ""rxHro. Kdl

KI' or""l TON 1\~T)lrOrOy( .... t,blC to' 01 AtfloAQ r€ p oNTOI.

TON IHeoy N~ TON IO'\tJ(trf'foYN.

°

en(lbH,'No::'>' 11)..E-

b-N-l0e'i'e TO EJnW.u.£NO M€ e O

71

8.,..

K,' ~llUI(PIOli

n.~e 9tfc ",no TOye- .\10 K. h!pnn fJTJ",Nt .. T 0 B,,~ p.... aa" ", Toye ,\E£I TIqMTOC .. TI-\OtnoH"" ~~ TON IHeOl' noy '\fr€ T lII XJ>lCTOC;" Toy A«foil 0"01 TOye .~,N", eT"Sp<.,Oel ", K/o .... PXHroe ftn. " TI f'(¢.I(U e:~t.lC i ..

fKelHO OI$lCOOXW-pocpo

TnT "PO¢ltHH, noy ,\eEI KOl

.

MA88AIO

U "'PXHroc KM Toye fmf .:' Toye N&. CAC AE¢rTEp6leoo,;

6€ N

nc.\ HI f'OTA$EIO TW~ !e~'

TO XWp6.¢l1

T·OPf\·!'Cf. T'OIlTITI).IO TaU

. To .... e

KOp8c.IIl~,

TO

III .!r.~MorepoNTOI e:.nflCb.N Th n"~Dtf IM-2HTHCOiHI TO

y.... B&., IIAI

I<4;ll(r~Hl
I'fl\' nH(€

ru"o.l""'''' . K6.1 CY4l(.'~H(6.H4! an o.¢lTA 1<1 lloropAC>.N

?WJ.t,.

we

(
0' npUJTOn
KATA

.

~PfHC~ I1~PMJNO"'T"C "l~" ,,0000 ~;. Kt' (K£IJolOt IJnlut ,. K"t TI M € ......"c: Ecr cyMoj"lcoy TO Kt...t fl£TOONt",C

"

~ m,pM T

LJcJ.rio 'EXJtat!iEvflxov 'OpO.ou, f' (1913),0.260.

"~H

TON

CTAarw-eoY~. K.), Ct\ 'r4.IN&.NE'"

6NOpto)no "no lHN

~

'.

-.AC· \\¢lTOH

6rr"pe'f't'oH

KI' Oo6l6 ¢JT"C<.\NE CTO CHl.4(1.IN[1 Kapac

,japAN c...u

KrpHNHsrorr~ TIOHO~ TOY. (16. .... OU(DCfl

M£PO~

!TOY, TO,

'-'fpOC, nOr ro I AC:H,

!M(a)
TO cr~po TO~.

)"a.'C.,C'~~"n~r' _

TOY~""" ~41, fTtlr_

I£Ai5a on6 Tl] ~CTa'l'POa~ T'l~ 'Ayiae; fpocptje; an6 TOV A. nOAA~, tvav one TOU~ Kopu
fi\OrrlKEr

1IIAMAXEl:

KOINnNIKEI AIAITAIEII KAI IY.NTArMA

o A. lI£A~ou~O~ OTO IxoAEio

TaU

(OpIOT£pa) ~£ TI~ B6Aou (1910).

~OB~TPI£~

KOI TO npoownJK6

TcrutOXQovo ~le 1:OV "ExltmlleutlXO 'Orll),O» lOQV01P0Itl)tlX1i LVVtQOlPla», 1tQlDtll OU01t£LgUJOl) TUJV Oll~lOtlXI' OtrJ)V crOLt~tWV.

Ano Tf-1N Ii\PYTIKH ilPOKHPY::;H THI "(j)OlnITIKH~ ~Y~TPO([J!.'\L" (MAim: 1910\.

ro

To l;ljr?Jlrt 'I).WIJIJ!y.o b'OLai/JI'gl'l olou;- rou;- "EJJ:?vc;-, y!ari /);" elval l;,jr?pa i/Jlloloy!y.o :,' UrWTfIiIOYlY.O POl'(7.· la, ouM ;,jnllJa 'I!a ro 51' y'(lvci c 0l1f/1Ca9ci Tij J'lI/OTt"ij ~ rIJv Y.uO!X{JwoulJa· l;,jT1/pa clva! TOtiTO: ;roul em ' rie; JUG y)"O)IJIJc; (iJlJUlrpO(!O iJ:v elva! lCJOVIJW ij q;rwlrJ, wl.!t.· !!wr? ij bVIJa!!cOTIJ XllC.) eI)'{f.! WIpiJ.!flIJ y.ai al'ayy.aia IJTO £01'0;-' 0'1),aol) c[Vat ~rjT1/pa ;rgal.Tlx;;;-, l;7jr'lp(L i;, JTat&UTty.o, Y.O!vwY/y,o x' iOYlxb.

ro

[.••] Xuoaia y)"wuua bi:v iJ1rli(!xn· UJTt1(JX.OUIlt xuoaio! (iVOgW1CO!, "ai ima(!1.ouIJ! :ro)J.oi XUJaio! (ivOgwJrO! Of/! Jounce; nJv xaOagcuovlJav. [... J

o IWll]TIi; i\oQ£Vt~O~ Ma~[),%, ~ouAeVt~~ to 19\ \, ~QE [lE QO~ O'TT] aul;~t1101) ylJJ. to yAUJOOLXO aQ8go 'tOU LUVlay~atO~.

266

H [OPUOIl TOU AV<1lT£poU 61l~OTlKOU nap8£vaywY£lou OTO SOAO (1908) £K
nOpOAAllAO 01 0IlI.lOTIKIOT£e; OUyKpOTOUV tvo V£O OWI.IOT£lO, TOV «'EKnatOEUTIKO "Ol.llAO» (1910), I.lE oKono vo 10puoouv OTllv A8~vo £vo npoTuno 01l1.l0TlKO OXOAE[O nou 80 I.IOpepWVE «natOla 1.1' aVErtTuyl.l£VO XOPOKT~PO Kol VOl1011 , I.lt T~V OPE~1l Kol T~ OUVOI.IIl va 1.I080uv, YIOTI 86 KOT£XOUV KOt TO opyovo K08E npoooou, T~ I.IllTPIK~ TOUe; yAWOOO.» To OXOA£lO TEAIKO OEV IOpu811KE 0 'OI.lIAOe;, oI.Iwe;, Ert£~110E, Kat, nopoilo nou AEITOUPYllOE nEploooTEpO we; EKeppOOT~e; TWV onOljJEwv K08EVOe; ana TOUe; TpEle; llytTEe; TOU (AA£~OVOpou LlEAI.lOU~OU, Lllll.1~ TPll rAllvOU Kat MovOAll TplovToepUAAIOll) nopo we; OUMOYlKO opyovo, OUV£60AE OTll OlOOOO11 TWV oPXwv TOU 0111.10TlKI0I.IOU Kat OTll ouon£lpwoll TWV onoowv TOU. LTllv npoon08Elo OUT~ OUV£60AE TO !'JEArio nou E~£OIOE 0 '0I.lIAOe;, onou 0IlIJOOIEUTllKOV O11IJOVTlKO O£lY I.lQTO oUyKPOTlll.I£VOU ErtlOTlllJOVIKOU OIlI.lOTIKOU Myou, KOI onou 0 TplovToepUAA[OIle; (we; EK06Tlle; TOU YlO XPOVlO) Ol0I.lOpepWOE KOl nopOUO[OOE oiloKilllPWI.l£VO TO yilwOOlKO TOU OUOTIlI.IO, nou, nOAu OpyOTEpo, n~pE TllV OPlOTlK~ Kat Ert[oIlI.lIlIJOPep~ TOU OTllv «KPOTIK~" fpa/l/lanKr] (1941). 01 KOIVWVIK£e; OvoKQTQTol;EIe; nou EKOllAw811KOV 1.1£ TO KlVlll.IO 010 rOUO[, KOl 01 E~E!Ill;Ele; OTO E8vIKO 8£IJOTO ErtE~tTEIVOV TllV ElJn!lOK~ TOU 01l1.l0TlKlOTlKOU KIV~I.IQTOe; OTle; OMEe; EKepOVOEle; TOU 0111.l00l0U 6[ou. To KOI.II.IO TWV cPu\EAW8£pwv, EKeppO~e; TOU v£ou noillTlKOU nVEUIJQTOe;, no[pvEl 8£011, OMOTE 0I.lWO KOlOMoTE £1.1 I.Iwa, un£p Tile; OIlIJOTlK~e;. LlpoOTllPlonOlouvTOl, WOTOOO, KOl 01 OVTlnoAOl. HynlK~ TOUe; 1.I0pep~, OIOOOXOe; TOU KWVOTOVT[VOU KOVTOU, OAAO XWple; TO WI OTlll.lOV1KO 60poe; EK£lVOU, OVOOEIKVUt;TOt 0 rEwpyloe; MIOTp1WTIle;, nou lOpUEl KOl «LuMoyov T~e; untp TWV nOTp[wv 0I.lUVlle;". H oUyKPOUOll KA11.l0KWVETOl, Kat £XEl TOOll £VTOOll, WOTE TO 1911 o npw8unoupyoe; EAEU8£pI0e; BEVl~£AOe; 80 npOTll.I~OEl, napa vo OlO KIVOUVEUOEI TO OUVOAO Tile; nOAlTlK~e; TOU, va unOKul(JEI OTle; rtl£OEIe; TWV Ko8apoiloywv KOI va OEXT£l va n£plAllep80uv OTO LUvTayl.l0 OUO op8po Yla Til yilwooa. To tva anoyop£uEI Tlll.lETOyilwTTIOll TWV IEpWV KEll.ltvwv KOl TO oMo Op[~El TllV Ka8opEuouoa Ert[0I1I.111 yAwooa TOU KpaTOUe;. H OIlI.lOTlK~ E[XE nEpaOEl OTIlV napOVOl.Ilo. l •

AEli\OrrO

IflYXAPHL oi Xa{Jatw; ,ijq onE(}aq Oa rp{JOv'ft~E yu, ,)aiira onOJq ij~E{JE ana YCl'V'I!JtflUJ TOV ana a{JXWtfltO wv

EKDAIt>EYTIKOL OMIAOL 01 agtoq (01 axonol) ,ije; oJroQae; Oa qJQ6vrt~E 'It' av,a oJrOJe; i)~fQE rJ..n:o ,ou ;wu YEVVJj0'lXE

cura ,ou JrOV aQXUJE

o TQ~aV'w.cpuA),.LbTJ~ onlY 'lorogtxi] EwaYOJyi] (0

124-127) oV'tl.JwQa8E'rEl nOQabeLy~aTO YQaf~~m~XWY XUL ).E~LAOY~' XWY OTOlXElWY ana "COV \JluxaQTJ IlE W OVTLoTOLxa «TOU ouo"C~llmo~» n01J Q.xoAouBTJOE 0 ExnOLC>E1JnXO; 'Ollll.O; (bTJAOb~ 0 lC>w; 0 TQlcmacp1JMLC>11;) 010 &h(o XOL n; ExbOow;101J.

'H llJ,)aia yJ..wooa bwaTat va lR'I01PWIJ!f wq bu:Ovi]q nvv flJ..ai xai «~ ,vl'a/xa,,> va xaw).vlJ!f Taq avSqUELq i elVat UVfl rpi{Jov riq ra Kt?aroq va ,)tE).VE JTaVTa ra O"j,oAcia y.ai 'Ta{JbrEfl!U rou, ''E))''IvaJTat,)aq Et'; ra xa!f1lAcia, tva (jt,)ax(jwat mtav'l"/V xv/Jaiav ,)t,)aoxaJ.iav. r['(~QYw; ML1JtQLOJrlI', P7/,o{JLi
1911, o. 112,239.

Kt amlvov a.'T' o).a ~f.{J(v "OJ<;' E[flat, ar{Joyyvw xll.i xw Jr'lui, fla})..ta{J(H; cllroAvrwq, xai flJ..br01'l'a<;, frOLOI I7'Iflabcl/ol'Wt flE ,~v inxiw wvr'l, ,a Oew{J6'J iJratvo flOV xai ,0 ).oi'a{Jta~w (jQ~a flOV fla)JJ.a{!O,; va x{Ja~Wflat.

mo"

AnD "CO ag8Qo 10U Kwor~ DOlcofla ('0 Novl'de; 9, 113), ylJJ 10 onolo 0 JlO~TJ1~S lLp.wQ~8TJ1(E f'E rrQooWQl v~ lITJVLOLO ano A1JOTJ orro T~ 8ECJ'1l "CO'U O1TJ fQallllaulCl "Cou DOVEJtLOnW"01J (1911)

r. IKA~p6~, A. AeA~ou~o~ KOI rewPYlo~ N. narraV'KOAaou (0 \le Ttrrma ~"io~~o~ KapKlvoA6yo~YloTp6~) OT~V Itva, TO 1907.

LYN'lAIMA THL EMMOI ('A81'lvO, 1 'IouvLou 1911) HC{Ji (j{!'I0xEla,;

"A{!O{Jov 2. I...] To Xc!pCVln> nvv 1\.yiwv nllcq wv rTf(JdraL

ava)J.oiwwv· ~ Ei; dVov y}.womxOv rv!rov lisro()omq

mvrov, iiVEV Tijq ."C{J0'lYOV/1iv'l'; iyx{Ji(JClJ); xai Tij,; b'

KOJvarav'ftl'olliTaJ£1 Mcya}.,,, TOU XgtaTOU 'ExxJ..rWia,;

a:raYO{!CvcraL a,ToJ.Vrw,.

fhl>wi jlara~EL<;'

Al/fl{Jol' 107. 'EJTiln/flO'; y}.woua rov K{Jarol/'; cll'al F,(El'

VIJ, a,; ri]v anoiav avvraooovraL TO JroAirwpa i
illqva,qq vOfl0(jwia,; ra xEiflE;l·a· .'f'iil1a !r{Joq :raga

IpfJo{Jav ratln" iTiflflaat,; asrayo{JeVITat.

ME::::HL: l1HMAPAL

267

r/UlLl:IKEl:

ClIAMAXEl:

Ano Til npOTAIEII ITA NOMO,9ETHMATA (1917.1931)

\Ii ~ 'fJ~·j't~~~i.J:;> 1::'-~ Gt:

~(,~i, ~';~ll ,,::0:

t,./,.J.I;"'["

ri).((I.

f

1/,"~\·J~'1~:~~V~':':~~;~l.n, 7-i T;.i,(~~1-'X. ~:"1~''';'''71l: 101". \ 7(:

I,(I~H' I'i ",:i 1'li.I'.l ':'l~. ~:; ;"",i~ ,

0'1).

1"11

~':"'J~

..

r.l:;'·,::',;

"';0"..

l('Xi

~ 1';;" ;;9::a.:"

i

~:;Il:'J;·

4. Ol IlLXQO\ bLWte<;

1O:;L'

6.\'€~u(.

\'auv 10 ~au\'6. '0:;1" i-:':2C;I",

n

!J,.\a.

,:.iZr,. ":,",,.',;

ciin~. A:7~; ~ ;t:.J~ ill' -:P:;I;!I j-;~

h'.'t.1~.i

!I:.i

r;·,

~i:"'n

It
"(il)c

X~?l)

A lW.;-; l(.'Xi ,().'••

~,.j ):I:~.j i"l'::'t1o';,.

i,:~p'. :~lZY).~~ A.~ •••• : ... -;"y

l!

1/.\'1

"li

:;...'

,;:~i "':<;':

ll':;~: ·h:l,-:',~,'I :171;: l:::'I'J':"X" :J.~ ':,;r~o i.Q.?rrp~l'; "[.,

II

...... 1:;

q~,:/.' ~.,"~~'J'<'~',

'~;l'I;; '1"(T'/';-:
":"i ~.1:~1/:

IE

'ret

i:;":P.l

1)16;';172

i;c.,;l!.l.~~

.:,-:;1",

:::,":.;.',

,(i'~ -:o-j ~~'Al.'lJ.

.,:-;i":"·,:l, r;:'J l!-.

((;1'.;

,.:.o,ry.~·~l ~... i ':':V'..>:l·'~;"'l

.. ,: 4~'~fl-~'i: 'Ai.i.t·) l(l.':"i::t,~'.t·, ·...~~J.·I~Il('X; ;i.. 7:-~fl""l

J(l

...; 77J; tl,.r; ~;'+l' ~ -r:J(~

'0 ~;ixo; ME Boa~ TO ~,oToy~a TOU 1917 EKMe~.av (1918-19) ('jua IToAu a~~oVT'Ka ~POl'Ka axo","a B,BAia (To 'M cpa6qn'Jp/ [~E TOV 'H"IO] Ka' Ta IjJqAa Souva), ITOU aUVaITOTEAouv TO ITpWTO aUYKpOT~~tvo aUCTT~~a ('j,~aaKa"iac; T~C; ~~~OTlK~C;, ~al TaUT6xpovo £100 yauv ~'O EVTEAwC; .o,vaup,a ITOI~aywYIKa-6,ool
vP,lol'i-t:~';l"

af.';l·",

0''';;

;"'I.~. ; J~:-~;

a"':hw 'T':~ >"p

to; 1!c:..""O.

Illi.';'~l) :,a'/ ;),0:1.

lr-...;:'":l :::,' ~'/ro:o .~;

Q:·,;r,-:l:l'Jl

'J.!: 7"':.:~:-k ;) . .

,,,,;;l;ll'/l

I

1):',~J~I:~i~~; 'l":,::-~ ~.~ ~~~[,~~:~~~~;tl:.~)~:~\;'~-;:'. ~ :~:~ {'r! i ~7"'1 ~

•

('j~~OTlKJaIlOU,

To 1917 £vo OIc'lToYllo 11'1e; EnOVOOTOllK~e; -XOPOKTI")PlOTlKO- Ku8£p vI")OI")e; TI")e; 8WOO'\OV[KIle; opi~sl OTI TO OIOOKlIKO 818'\[0 TaU 01")11011 KOU «O¢d'\OUOl va dVQl ySypollll£VO de; Thv KOlvhv 01l1,\oull£Vl")v (ol")lloTIKhv) y'\WOOOV». To OIOTOYllo SmKUpWSI")KS '\[yo oPyon:po OTI")V AS~vo -napa TI")V IOXUOUOO OKOIlIl ouvTaYlloTlK~ O£OIlSUOI"), EivQI I") oPXrl1l10e; KQlVOUpIOe; nsplOooU: ono Ton: Il OIlIlOllK~ So Ild VSI OTO OX0'\IKO npoYPOllllOTO (YIO XpOVIO 1l0VO OTO OI")1l0TlKO), 0'\'\0 we; TO T£'\I") Tile; OSKOc:T[Oe; TaU 1970 I") OloOOKQ,\io TI")e; 80 npOOKpOUSI os no'\'\o silnooio. To Y'\WOOlKO OUVO£SI")KE: 810l OPPI")KTQ IlS TI")V Ku6spVl")lIK~ sKnaloC:UllK~ no'\l1lK~, Iuv£nSIO OUT~<; TI")<; olaOUvOWI")<; ~TOV Il Ils

YaAl") OSIPO llc:TappUSllioswv Kat OVTlllE:TOppu81l10SWV nou, Ils o~ovo TO-Y'\WOOlKO, TO'\OVIOOV YlQ noMa XPOVIO TI")V S'\'\I")VlK~ sKnoloc:uol").

'An:Opcv'pq Ox20fJo~ UxaV-IITm rtiJpa X(lOapa, 'Ext:ivo~ {{('/.Hat l Kai ~ oX20poq roii XOIlPOV, :rOl' rOI' (iXOAOVOcf OIlO Xaft, aXOV-/ETat JTH{j xaOapa, ZvytiJVCt, «8d pou! po~Oa PD'. C[XC 1] XOi/"1J pilla 'fT/~, xai OTl/UlJfJ1J>
TOU IIIj'tl!OllO/,inj KUQucrnus n«VTElnl/lOVOS,

HjllJfI. narui" 11 A:te~/.iou 1928.

268

, . ' . '.

-,,----,

"'>

, .•.

npWTI") OVT[OpOOI") E:KOIl'\WVSTOI 01l£OWe; 1lc:T0 TTlv onoTux[o TWV epl'\S'\SUS£pwv OTIe; E:KAoy£e; TaU 1920. M[o "EmTpondo npoe; £~£TOOlV Tiie; YAWOOlK~e; OIOOOKO'\[Oe; TWV Ol")1l0TIKWV OXOAS[WV», OIOPI0I-l£VIl ano TI") v£o Ku6tpvl")0T'), WJTJy~SI")KS TI")V KQTOPYI")OI") TI")e; OIOOOKO'\IO<; TI")e; OI")IlOTIK~e; KQl npOTE:lVS «va KawOlV we; cPyo !jJE:uoou<; KQl KO K080u'\ou npoS£OSwe;» TO OX0'\IKO 618'\[0 nou KUK'\O¢OPI")OOV OUIlCPW va 1lE: TO 6.loToYIlO TaU 1917, H Ku6£pvl")0T] OSV oKo'\ou81")0S n,\~pwe; TI")V SIO~YI")OI") TI")e; "EmTpondoe;». Enov£¢E:pS 0I-lWC; TTlv KOSOpsuou 00, nE:ploplOs TTl O1")1l01lK~ KQl on£oups TO OlOOKTIKO 616'\[0 TI")e;. 01 npaan6.SE:ls<;, wmooa, TWV Ol")1l0TlKlOTWV OUVSXIOTI")KOV, AVTI OTOlXO KlV~SI")KOV KOI al nOA£1l101 TI")<; Ol")llaTlK~<;, sVTsivavTO<; KQI TI") ouyxUOI") SSIlQTWV KQl E:VVOlWV nou dxs KOMIE:PYI")SE:1 ono TO npol")

you fj£VO XPOVlO. 'ETOl TO 1925 OUYKPOTdTQl «'ESVlKOV 2:UV£OPlOV» «npoe; KOlOnOA£WIOlv TWV tx8pwv KOL OlO¢SOptwv T~e; SPlloKdoe;, T~e; yAwoOlle;, T~e; oiKOy£vdoe;, T~e; lOIOKH10ioe;, T~e; ~SlK~e;, T~e; tSvl K~e; OUV£lO~O£We;, Tfie; nmp[ooe;». nOVTWe;, OX£TlKO fI£ Tll oloouvo£Oll OllfjOnKlOfjou - KOfjflOUVlOfjOU (nou ~TOV fllO ono ne; auyxuo£le;), Wl OllfjOlV£lOl on TO WiOTlflO K£lfI£VO lOU KOflfjOUVlOTlKOU KOflfjOTOe; EM60oe;, we; KQl TO TplTO 2:UV£OPlO (AnplALOe; 1927), ouvTOaaOVTQl OTllv KOSOp£uouoo. 2:TO fI£lO~U 11 ollflonK~ OnAWVOTOV. 2:lOue; xwpoue; onou KUpIOp Xouo£ ana nOAlo (Tllv nOlllOll npwlO KOl Tllv n£~oypa¢la UOT£pO) dxov oToolaKo npoOT£Sd odyfjmo (OXl novlO XWple; aO£~lOTll1£e; KQl un£p80Ate;) £nl0TllfjOVlKOU (~, novTwc;, fjll AOYOT£XVlKOU) Myou. napoAAllAo ava~wnUpWV£TQl KQl 11 OU~~TllOll Yla TO TOVIKO OUOTllflO nou OUOIOOTIKO O£V dX£ otaKond onOTllv WOX~ lOU BllAOpo (1814). To YAWOOlKO ~~Tllfla OU~llTdlOl KQl nMl KOTO Tllv w£~£p'yoola TOU vtou 2:uVT
AfL£OWC; Jt(lLl', a/,u5. )taL afl£OWS [LEta tl]l' 1jJ~
to ffJ.lXOv /lOU Jro(ltrJ/la elval.:

[](lWWV, OU xai ro o).()v ~7jft]/la nov «Ma(lauklaxwv»

avrji
y).WUUlXroV i&o).oyul.JV" ~ bt]/lorLXil yJ,wuua, finr; clxcv

duaxlHi leai ix(lt]Ul/lOJroLEilO dr; ro Mllllauk,ov Lllba

uleakiov [... J, aVr~ tTrOY ~ rrapa rou trAal'bu).ou, "OJ,a

fa !iV.a, al'uO(lTJUy.ctJrlxim]rEr;, tivrcO'llxo!t]Tf~ y.allivT/

Oll/or//rEt; ~ual' E:nOEUCWr; /lEUa, OC/ll!a J.qYl~0I'£Va, Xafa

lOU 1<11(1io), ix0pou, rijr; bTJ/lor/)"J~ [.. , I.

Ano TO miQUJ/ia tTl; cr.Viut{!U111; :to\) EvlWY'IUE Yin ta «Ma{lalJUl/I1Hi.»

o A!!£Oltayb:'l; r.AvtWvaXa)(ll~

Kata tWl' l)'lfL0"tl)tWTWV xgl]a4.10nOL~et]xal' O-Jl:0 vwgl<; XQL OL flEtayAWttl.O[i.ol A£~£WV (a)(OfLl] )taL xuglwv OVOfL1).rwv) Otl] Ol]~LOtLX~. 0 TQLavtacpuAAll)'l<; UJ(.OOl:l]glS£L OtL auto. al'~X01Jv Otl] "flv80),oyla» tOu YAlUOOLXOU SrJt~fLatOS. To ltEQLOl)lXO '0 Nov;.dir; 9 (1911) 176 £iX£ aVTlOgaO£L £m8El:LXa yLa amov£ n01J JlaQouolasal' t£tOI£<; ~LetaY),Wt tlo£LJ;: ,(Tovr; AEW 'PoVTEr; ita! avitoqJa.vrer; oao M wi.r; oei· /vovv ita! nov {3Qiaitovv rvnw,uiva nov ,,6.r; aQa

ra

aura

Oui~OVVf».

'JI'ErfPOl x"bai"urai [".J {jEl' urtt!yov(Jt ro JTlllla.Tav rar; )4nr; r~r; rul'torart]r; y),WUUTJr;, ~Y xai 0 fJUI" Ill' fJi!TJ~Cl' avfJ{!wnil't}r; ).a).uir;, Oa iM.kt [... J. To JTfpif(!T/ I'OV JrvOayO{!fLOV JTpo{J)'TJ/la bWWJToiiraL Wbf «KaOCl'ofi opOuYY.WVInJ rpLayxWl'Ou rwullf!ayxwvo rii; fl.-rOXa _ , T... \ \ , ... Tl"1Jr; revrwOTpa; ELVal OITO Xat fa uUlTa{!ayxwva !lOV {jiJo a)).owov Jrtii"ou9v lOv». [.,,1 HErtz nj, "I).wL1Uly.'-i~ fXvapxiar; Eiuaycra/ xai btaM,)cfaL 'I lTIIVa ()taVOI/ nXl) y.at i
Vi

ro

*

KUIVITt
Tit aiwl'ta

il~EWiit]: fJ(Jt](fIIU(1., rM)ulTa, DafUir;,

1930.

o

xa8'lY'lt~£ tll<;
o A.At~ov~po~ lId~ou~o~ (t880-1956) OE ~IO 0116 T1~ TEAEUTOiE~ "''''Toypm"iE~ TaU.

ME:=HL: llHMAPAI

269

rAOl:l:IKEl:

I1IAMAXEl:

ANOIXTOI AOrAPIAIMOI IKiroo rou M~rOOK~ rp£.\oti, KO~W~tvo £K TOU ljlUOIKoti ana TOV .\OYOTtXV~ Kal li~~oOloYPOTtp~ (TOI~TT1 Mpo). npo~£Twrrilio oro ya.\.\a
·OAa ni Y}"W(J(JLXa mOLXEi'a EivE uE[Jama,

on

yo}"piiYE va c.i;riju Y~V rO(Ja Y(Jarpopi:l'1]V y}"wuuav Mv ~v tvvod o)~, a6wfJa!;wv VEQ EJ.J..'JVLlla, %ouPO>;; ro).piiu va fiJriju %at nil' yAwuuav rou Bai.aw(Jir1]. p' OJ..ov, iJtwpanupou, r1]" fib ~v ivvoci' 0).0, £I 'Ell,, VLUP0';; TOApiiu va EiJriiu on rirv Y)'wuuav YOU M1Jvuh", YOU Ktii.pov, wu l'ovglj, YOU Fa[JgLIJAiOIJ, rirv tit!XLpLyaOa fllJAaflTj, Y~V ivvoEi' xat b& rirv aioOavrraL o}"o, bri fllJ' (\ 'EJ"i,TJI'lUpOg 'Av Aomov, omJ), jiyEI ogOiJ1:ara (\ XaY!;IJ0tixl;, o;rov o}"m tvvooiiv avyy(!arpEi', rouov bwlpo gov" pia dVE ~ y)jjjoua, %ai amai dVE ai OLai.£xroi rIJ'. 'H xaOoiJ.X~ oi y),wuua pii.}"n va EiVE iT OV'!"L(i)V(;vm, jj;>
iU).a

on wu,

ob

on

Jwgaygw:pm OIlO n~ VIlO x€ bo011 a lj~lEl(iJ MLX. Mrp:oax11, IlOU qJ€gou" TO" 1LT),.O rAwamxa.i naearIJQ~ow; (yg. 1893 KE.).

CIVO

Ilvg£Tl;i~

OEL~ TOV

EKiTOO

TOU MrroC1T. A8~vo. 1959.

270

H VTOllAlOIKll (,,8SAW oo~a Kal ypo 8ISC;"') 81080A~ TOU AOYOT8XVIKWC; QTOAaVTOU. 8mmllIJOVIKWC; OU~IlT~Ol IJOU, KOlVWVIKWC; onAllmou 4JUXOPll, ano TO llapiOla mllv E:napX1WTlKll IJ8yaAo'(o8aOIJSVIl A8~va TOU 1888, S8AQljJ8 Til Aoyon;xvla IJaC;. LTll 8EOT\ TOU KupLapxou Ka8a

P8UOVTOC; O)(OAamIKlOIJOU-IJaVOaplVl

OIJOU, artAw811K8 8a8IJIli56v Evac; 8~[OOU

O)(OAamIKOC; Aa'(KlOIJ0C; -TOU onolou ano

All~ll ~Tav 11 aVOUOla, OOAOIKll KpaTlK~ OIlIJO

TlK~, nou IJac; E:nS80A8V 11 IJ8TOnOAlTWOll TOU

1974. To ouv8no aUTO CPQlVOIJ8VO 08V SX81 aKoIJIl

8napKwc; ol8P8UVll8d KQl avaAu8El. IOLWC; IJE yvwIJova TOV n8plo OOT8PO dT8 A1YOTEPO npo8uIJo odKTll: aMri8wpouc; (lloAll IJa KQl llapLOl!) avayvwm8C;, Kal YAWOOIKO 0)(1~0<1JP8V8lC; AOYOTEXV8C;. H ouola 8lVQl nwc; 8IJn~KaV mllv KaToljJU~1l onouoalol m;~oYPO<1JOI IJaC;, 8~ E:nayysAIJQTOC; ri Kal 8K nW0l8~o8WC; OiyAWOOOl (BI~UllvoC;, KOVOUAGKllC;, MllTOOKllC;, llanaotQIJOVTIlC;), IJ8 TIIJlllJa Til pEdAlmlK~ OUv880T\, 11 onola 0)(8i56v IJovonwA~811K8 ana Tllv 8UTUXWC; aV8~[ 8PllOKllv, QCTTlK~ oIlIJOTlK~ TOU =8vonouAou. 6EV 8a aO)(OAll8w EOW IJ8 TO 8sQTpo. XOPll mov L:nupo Euayy8 AGTO, avaKOAuljJa noaa KaAG «n8pVOU08 Til pOIJna" 11 1180ypa<1JlK~ KWIJWo[a TOU PaYKQ8~, ToO KourpouillJ a raJ.lOC;, Yla TllV onolav 01 npOKaTQA~ljJ8lC; IJac; WTOlXllIJOTl~av nwc; npoOlwvL~no TOV MnooT. CAMo, nouTOC;, <1JQlVOIJ8VO nou XP~~El IOlaiT8PllC; E~8T008WC;. 18vEa AOYlKO, OT\IJElWVW nwc; mov "EpaOlTExvll", 810IJ~xaVo 8do TOU, 8. BomavT~oYAOU, xpwmOIJ£ TO IJOVO OUOTlllJaTlKO A8~IKO V808Mll VlKWV OUVWVUIJWV). ?a.

[..•1 To {mjY'lIJa ),otJrOv ij 1/ Eixwv ij ro lTECOV ij ij rpavralCi ij ij aOl/vaLxiJ adi" EfrE OlTOJ, &)).OJ, OiM-u ovofJIxaarE ro, lToii aa, ariUw VlTO Tqv imyparpqv «To lTapcmovo roD Magpapov», biv iy(Jarpl/ xvpiw, ro lTpwrov ijbl/. Eyparpl/ [ ... ] xara Mapnov, x' ibl/poau,:vOI/ TOv'UVJ,U;' You 1890 XaTa lTpwrov, VlTO rOv rir).ov ,(H g).i'/Jl' roD Map papov», Ei, lTEpwb,xov n, hyOpEVov «/\ rnxov MOVaEtOlo" Ei, 0' poD ElxEV EJ.OU TOrE ij ibia va avvEpyaaOw [ ... ] Ev

rfi

ikribl lTW, plTOpODaE [iaOpl/{)6v, xaxa-1/JVXpa, ano

Ei;wvoyparp7IPivov aaxJ.orpvJ.J.ov OlTOJ, ETxE a{JXirT(f va iY.bi&TW, va poprpOJOij Ei, rplJ.O J.0Ylxi,v xaljJoEmOEWpl/mv [ ••. ] Eyparplf bE xaO' O).a E" Tqv xparoDaav fW, Topa lTap' I]I'LV Y{Jwrrr,v yliiJaaav, ijv 0 xoapo, iavvEiOWE va JiYrJ xaxoCJj),w, XUOuQE1JOUaUV, {),on ci, aVrqv poD fi!!Xovro rOrE aVroparw, Ta voJjpara lToD JjOul/aa va ixrp(JaaOJ, xai d, aVrqv ivopwa oppJOprpVrOJ, ElTPEJrE va ro ypa'/JOJ. Ij'JaivETw bi va ijpWE d, oaov, TO iO,a[iaaav, x' braivov, apxerov, ijxova' alT' rov, oJ.[yov, lToD lTpoaixovv x' Ei, aVra ra Jfl!aypara (IL' aVro, x' i(jiw, b,a rqv y)Jijaaav rov, ijv wplaxal' pEya).w,

on

CWI/PrXv. OEppijV xai movov, i!; oJ.oxJ.tjgov bi U{}poCovaav xai f\OVlI" avrijv U{}poCov aav Ei, ro Oipa, xw: tmwxoDaav brOPEvW, ivnJ.w, rT,v roarp lToOl/rqv Ei, rpl).oJ.0YlXOV it.JYov (JUVTaVrwlY iMa; xai poprpij,. Ai xpiaEL; ainw, uv xai xo),axwovaw rqv rpl Mwrial' TIll' lJVyyparpLXtlv pov, ijpxwav opw; JrEpl[pyW, xar' o)Jyov xai va p' iYIYt),oiiv xoppan, II' lxapav {)i va lJV)j.oyiCwpw rXviaw; ij lTTWm pov «fjJ.L'/J" roD Mappapov» 0' am,Ti!yxavE xai roaov, lTpaypan, tal' poD ijpxETO ij OPc!;/; avri Tij; yJ.wa{l1f' Ei, ijv a{JXlxw, rijv EY{la'/Ja, va Tqv Eyparpa E!;a({fVa ~ xaviv dJ.J,o iY. TWV vlTapXOl'TwV ib,wpa TWV, xai Ei, aVTo axoprj ).X. ro pii)),ov rpWVOPEVOV iv al'nOiaEL JrPO, TO Oipa, ro bl/pon xov. 1/ axf:1/Jl, bi: aVTJj, irp' oaov brpoXWPEL 0 xat.po; p' aJrwY'to).oDaE xai IT),,,,orEpOv, waorov xardJjrpOl/v 1iJr0 TIll' hrdJvfliav va ibw xai rrElgU/lUtLXGl~aro rila" av Oa ~TOV Toao bvaxo),.ol' va yparpij xai Ei, JI/ponxqv yJ.waaav, av Oa flJr0poDaa va ro Eo,Wpl'(]

lvli Ta lTobw alTaapEv' alTO TO yovaro, pi Ta XEPW xop pEl" alTO TOV ayxwva, xoirETw piaa aro povaELol' TO lTaUI/Xapl TO apxalo. MwolTwpEvO aro oE!;i rov :;rhvpo, yipvwvra, I;cp[ia ).iyo ro "Erpa).l, dVE galTJ.wpivo, oJ.ofJo J.o, alTavw aro !;v;"vo arJjplypa rov, xai rpaivETw a)(Jav va xvrraCu ro tblO rov ro xoppi. /\xi{mo alT' ibt{!'l a' axplf, TO awpa roo rcvrovETw, aav xani)J;Vx' ovuporpav raapa wpa.tOrlfra, xai yEpO(FOVIf,. Tije; yJ.uxuiie; waav xoplrawv, Tije; lTaV.l/xapiat(]e; aav ij(Jwa PO(}rpij, rov iiJ.arppo aJjxwpa, [iaaroVvE, roD E!;aialOv J.alpoD TOV fJ xapLTOJpEvE, ypapp£,. f1Jro ro a[i4Jxo rov :;rou axvp£J. ;"yaxl, rpWYOUVE JriawOE) aVOlxrie;, fJ buvau', :;rJ.aTEe; 'TOV' pa alTO flJrPoara, ra arJjOw rov OpOOVOVTW., WPOJ/TTa, arplxra, pi rpovaxwpiva, !;avappEva Ta [ivCa, aa Val' r' ava{l1fxOvU 0 JrJ.ovaw; ZUpo" lTOV ava[igo.!;£l cl1Tol'ioa rov,. H pam roO', paxpva, [ow, xllufJaivEI) XW{JW/lrnl PE av),J.xl. [iaOv, xai rv),iyu, Me; :
ro

ni"

Mrl.u~).

rvxov bixw, v' alTorvxw, iiv iv rowVrrJ ."lEl!IJrTWaEL OEVa IJTOV avra!;ia, XE/porEpa ij xai xaV.t.riga Tij, d, xaOapwovaav, x' tv yb'['1 lToiav 6ljJlV Oa iJ.ap[iavE, wraJ.J.{waovoa POl!/prjv. BaOPlf/)ov Ji, xwgi, !lXEbov va ro xaraM[iw, ErpO(J,aa xai Ei, TO va xaOJjaw a)'lfOw, piav till4Jav xai Tqv ypaljJw xai ci, r)ljponx,jv, XaYiV roD tam:oD pov piJ),),ov, xai OiiTW, aiUJ rij, a[rxawlTpFJroiJ,; ixEiVlf; «e).hjJEOJ' rov Mrll!papov» JrapJjxOlf a,Tl!O(JbOllljrw, ro ).aixov aVro «IIagalTovo roil Ma(}fIU{}ov». Kai W, 'T(JO, piv TOV rpo lTOV rij, IJVVOiaEW, xai ro iirpo, cv YEvEl, oUr' iCJjTl/aa, oiirE &Tpr.JrE [ii[iaw, OVrE Oa qpnopovaa taw; br'XELPO)V Tqv OiOVEi /IHUIjlQUOlV (nfTJjv, v' aJrOl'axpul1iio roD lTpOJ rov ixEivov vJror)t'iyparoe;, b,on ravra OEWpW ibwriPOJe; xai aJro"JHanxw, IrtEbi!v al'ljxovra de; rov IJVY,/{JarpEa, ural' oinoe; Eil'C IJV)"/{}arpwc; a}'lffllvO" xai a,ToTcJ.oiivra aVrqv TqV !f1vxiJv TWV 19ywv rov. 'E;r;{Joa,TrlO1)au opwe; xaT' almiv VIZ rllTorpVyw lTiiaav eLT[' Ji!;lV eLrE TVlTOV) Olm, pov crpaiw:ro anop(tY.pVl'O/lfl'O, roD b1Jponxov xapaxTij(Jo, rOv OJrOIOV ijOtla va :;rpoabwaw d, Hi E(J}'01' xai P1l 0' xp~aEl yEVlxWe;, liv OX' .Tapa T0 ),wp nov ayplOv, rov).aX1arov opw, xai Jrapa T(.o Map avrliJ TWl' JroltEwv· oJrov opw, tlfj;' ait1Uv Ij Jao, J& /-IOU .TUI,JEIXE blO),OV nil' xaralJ.I/'Wv TlJ,TOV ij nIl' JislY, ~ iXElWt

cn

fa (nroLa /lOU JrapLLX[' pou trpaivovro

Duva//EVa va d)2Olwaouv TOV "aOo)ov TOVOl' xai

axom}v TOV tpyov, ~vayxao01Jv va pETaXElpWOw avu)oya PE ra rou .T(jwrov VJfobdy paro, [... ] Tapa, liv ro plXpOv aVro Jrd(Japa i,TErVXE Ii aJrErVX1, fi, ([}J.ov; pE[iaiw, a:;roxElrw va xpivovv' a))! ivvofirw ;r;we; ij xpiale;

TOW,

rare povov OEVa EXU ;r(Jaypa·

TUtTll' nva (J1lpaaiav, Oral' E]l'E i~ ixEivwv oi OJrOLOl iJrim" xaJ.a yvwpiCovv xui Tql' TO{}a c.Tlxparouaav Jra{J' ijpLV We; y{}aJTTljv yJ.Waaav xai ril" J1JPon"Jjv, biv xarixovTw ,':;ro :Tpoxarai.JjljJEwv ij XaTa auvO,jxljV ouflJraOElwv xai avrlJraOElwv crTE b,a rqv pial' dlC J,a

T7Jv

aV.Tlv, i'joov M "(l;r;OWV OlIYXPOVW, cfbljrJl\' xai E[VE d, Oimv v' avrl).ll

n"

rpOoiiv rov, aYllarpovc; xai pvarlxoil, VO/IOVe; rY.ppovia. xai roD puOpoD, oi'nl'Ec; ~t.i.TOUV rT,v ,TOI.lfW';/V JrECoyparpiav, de; ljv avJjxrr ij '1JlM))OY1"q am:1j aude;, "ai OfT/VEe; E[VE Jro).v ihvOEplWrEpol xai aOpWTOTl:t2Ol xai W{}VTEpOl xai JrOlXI),WrEPOI, a)),a Jla rovro a1lf!lfJwe; xai Jro)v pii)).ov tOWe; oua"o),.wTE!!OI xai de; avriJ.lj1jJlv xui de; lTJ.Jj {}wO/v, Jrl1.l!a aVroi oi TIle; xlli!iwe; J£YOPfY1je; ,TOItlaEw,. Mlztl.1iJ.. MlltaCLzl1~, To F),f!JaaLXOv ZJjTljpfl EV 'm.)J(OI. Mia rplJ.O),oYI"TI LE),ie; d, Jvo J).wuaa" {mo ~Itxa~). MIJTaCLZIJ, ABip'u, 28

M1ITauxl\S, "To rrugu.rrovo -coli /lUg"CLgOU').

Mi: rcOpavapt'va, xvJjpa, ix rov yovaro" IjXPWTlI(JW apEvove; am} Tije; w)i:vrJe; rov [ipaliovae;, XaTaXElral i:v r0 IJOvocirp 0 aPia10, Erp1J[io,. 'HplX).t.vije; bri roD Ot:swD JrJ.EVPOV, arpirpwv fl'XPOV Jr(Jo, ra aPllJTE(Ja nj'· xEffa i.ljv, a,T).oVral xara pijxo, bri roD ~v)Jvov [iu0{Jov rOil, xai rpaivETUl We; va JrpOlJ[iUlT!I Ei, TO !'bwv al')pa TOll. 'Aguoe; xara Jravra, 0 xoppo; avrov, iXTt'iVETUl, xov OVElPOV xaV.ove; xai w(Jwariae;. Tije; y).vxt:!ac; we; :<0 plj, xai U{}(1EVO;:;rij, W, ijpwo, poprpFjc; rill' iJ.a!(g/ll' E.TagOll' al'ilEl rov i~al(Jiov TpamJ.OV it f;VnJa-/lpO, xa ple:. ElipELW rpdr;ovv oJriaw) aJro ToD ilPi:pa >taII-TroPE vov alrXfTOe;, ai i(Jxvpai (OP0Jr).aTW, iv0 :r(J0~ ra Ef/JTl!O, Oy'WUl'TW ra aripva, pwpaUa) 6'1:Ol'a, flE oTyo£;ixo"ra, xai mJ!plywvra, roil, paarove;, waEi V,'rEyl'l!JopEVa £11 ToD :;r),ovaiov xvpoD, rou y.vx),oljJop0iivro; piaa TWl'. 'YTO [ia

,Tawv

Oda, av).axoe; rEflVOpiTIj xarafJaivEl 'T {,aile;, pax(Ja, wOvrEVJje;, JrEPlfJa)),ovaa Tljv pal'wJopEv1f1' U:;r.O TO I)Eppa XaV01'lXWTar71v rwv oarwv bta,,,XaOlv xai TIll' abuirm-a (]TOV ovvbmm I1=Jj, PE Ta, lTJ.E11{J(,.; (J1)fJ.oT;£xol'iva~ Jr(1I)e; aUJj).a, iv appovl;(!llila(j0X!I, yi.alflll!/i, xOMoVrat ~ oarpve;, pa).aXO)e; pETayovaa, turD TWl' or4!vwv n]v avJpwblj mamv, ff{}O, rij, avaOa))ovUtj; xai :ra}J.opE

VIf' aU!.)xo; TOJV vwrOJv rill' iffa/rgoOLTOl' EIJ/lOfJ/f'iav, xai TWV ilrXiwv ij rwv ),ayovwv Ta W{JVOlta Oi}'Y11l{)a [...] MI)(u~j..

oEIl~Qio\l18'J2,

i\hllt7UX1\S.

«'II OA'i\llIS tOU ,UX,Qf\UQOI'», Atlilvu 1890.

I'

n

LABBI6HL:

271 4.

....

...

I

~•

..:

~

,I\OILIKEI

lllAMAXEL

o rAnIIIKOI AXTAPMAI (1888-1906) rd,oloYPOljlio TOU MIOTPIWT~, unoypo~~tv~ an6 TOV 0t~0 :AVVI VO. T~ xp~al~onoi~o£ 0 nokk~~ w~ npo~£Twni~a T~C; ~£TOljlpa· a~~ TOU Ku.v.wna TaU Eupmi~~ (MKO Ap6aviT~, MaUlOpou, Kou
Alto T~V alto(JLD.lltw~l'V1]v ELU~Y1](J1] TOU [EOJQYLOU ML(J1QLW

KQialV wii Bovwlvaiav llOlrjWiOV :4ywvoC;, 1871:

To aVro rU.1JOi; lllp,xov JraOo~ ixCI xai 0 y{!,il/Ja~ r~v

uvlloJ'liv ravT1J'V, ifll~ elval UlTVrCTayptvq fi, li1JPonx~v

ylwuuuv. 'E;r:I'tli~ 'I ).VplX~ Jrol"nt, lTJ
X{!ovay 1'a~ l.o(}liae; n'je; xa(JfJiae;, avavcl{,l(}I/rWe; it roO

).aoV y.l.wuua Elval ro EJrtJ'T]5wjrato'V Jr.l.ijxrgov...

11] (J11]V

Alto T~V EL(J~'(11(J~ 101> (J1l]v K(!u:nv rov Bovwlvaiov [JOLrj

wwii :4ywvoC;, 1873:

11 UlJJ.MJyl} ailn], YEY{JalJPtvq tv bnavq(Jwxfj ylwIJllTJ,

VJroflllJvrj(Jx£/' rirv lrol1Jmv roli 1Jt:'/w.ov ,TOll/TOV rije; Za

XUvOOIi [... J DUrie; Jr{Jwroe; xartlia5fY Ii /jl/lJOnxq

itlJtiJV ylwooa, o(Jol'/I,,:rorE ,TTOJ'ri "aj eC{!axwptvq xai til'

.'r,TOUOn, Elva' mlvroJ'£ iXal7f I'a irviJ.Or1lJixDl<; ExFivov

"1"0/1 v1/Jove;, tv QJ UlIvrjOwe; aiOqiO{JalJovc:, aeroi tiuilTJ
ral va 50Ml.0/j(!OIJWUIV [...]

1/ ovJJ.Oy7f avnl [... 1tyeaip1J tv XDLV" ij liTJlJortxfi y).WIJ

'OAOl OUl1tflwvoul1£ nwe; II AOyoTsxv[a l1ae; tflTe1V£1 O£ ol£8v~ OTa81111 ay, i'fTt; aJJ.OTC ':l:rcx),cu:ro TOI' ayrovo,. AiiT'], lv TO

110VO 11£ Tllv nOLllOT]· Ma nwe; 8a oUl1616aooul1£ TOV LOAwl10 11£ TOV MWjitpMfl xai tv rfi J.1I{!IXfl .TDL~(JC!, elva I tivayxaia,

KaMo; Tov BaAawplTll nOlTlT~ 11£ TOV BaAaWplTTl Ka8apsuovTa nOAl I/ti{!t;; OWIi it TWV {J,p.l.iwv YElV!1 oixoyev£laxq. 11 rije; ;.v

TlKO p~Topa; 'H TOV MlOTplWTIl we; np04JUxaPlKOV ona06 TTle; 0llI10Tl (JIJ/ije; lrOLTt0EWe; yJ.6jooa, liv [;(// ,T{!O{)f!WflOv va Olf"'/tii(nl

ra aiq(JTtpara wii Jfi.liOov~, Jr{!bw va wwvO/, ola

K~e;, TouAaXlOTov npOKE:ll1tvou YlQ TTl AUPlK~ nOlTlOTl; nwe; £~TlY£lTQl EX wii OTO/iaroe; mii ao,!joii I'a EioMm wOue; de; fOU, pv

on 0 110VOe; KpaTlKOe; unm\J~tfllOe; l1ae; Yla TO Bpa6£lO NOl1neA ~Tav 0 l.0Ue; rije; Xll.poiae;, P'lM).(}je; bU:{!l.0pn'1] dtlx rij; lilOl'oiafi,

LOUp~e;; IIQTi Tl OOKll1loypatfllK~ OTlI10TlK~ n£~oYPOtfl[a TOU naA0l10 ~ tv li xai ra tpAOYE(!Wf/;(J1l. ll.iq(JTtwaa yll'OVTat ,Tayc:rw;,'1.

TOU LIKSAlavou O~£l 8TlT£[ae; OTTlV Ka8ap£uouoa; nwe; 0 ooupeaAI Ai USE,;, ii; qXOVOE ne; ]Tapa IJ1JT{!Oe; xa; TW1' abrJ,ipwl',

OT~e; Avoptae; El1n£lpIKOe; ulO8tTTlO£ Tle; £AAllVlKOUp£e; TWV I1£Ta at ({iptl.UEte;, afrlwe; L'xtJ'1IJipWoav ro JT(JWTOV ;'((JoyiJpl'a

QJpao£wv TOU IOUAiou B£pv; 'Eva owpo avolXTa E:PWT~I1QTO, nou opa nov l/JdJ,l.Oparwv xa; ).a}j/'J'1]parwv aUroii, t"XOIlO,

anQlTOUV vea KOIVWVIOAoYIK~ 8£WPIl0T], nepa ana £KElVTlV nou o
{!iav, div urC(l0f!VJ'a, ai }4c" ai tivr}.IIOctUa,. EX 1'WI' J.t:

AOUI1£, ano TO 1975, OTOV a£lI1VllOTO EI1I1. I. Moaxovo. SIXWV xa; ml'IEVOEioal f.y rfi INliIJY. 1'a, ravme;

npoa8tTw nwe; ra nalola TWV ~£vlT£l1evwv "l1npOOTapTlowv" TOU qxOUU[ rre; avEV TWV aiJJraIJpwv xai rmv IW/j,apaTwl' TIl,

4Juxaplol1ou KaTa KQvova o£v ~~£pav ypu £AATlVlKo.: nx 0 Ko8oAIKOe; I'"rgo;, oiv (TIm/IT//OET' tv rai; alf1] 'lurO! Toif JW;; Os;

nOlllT~e; EpV£OTOe; 4J uxa Pile; , £yyovae; TOU "tflWTlOI1EVOU" P£vav. /jiv tYW9!!IOEV I." wie; l/trOOlC; Tij, y{!aia;; nl;; oixoycl' 'iae;,

Ma KOl 0 YIOe; TOU neTpou BAaoTou KOI TTle; A~L~Oe;, KOPTle; TOU Af..e xai r5l1i WUrWI' Ii", al'f~JJ..a5E Ta r{!lItpC(la ni" vcavlXij;;

~avopou naMll, AAE~Tle;, orav TOV £yvwploa, KaeTlYllT~ tfllAOOotfllae; itNitia; aiIJ(JTtlJam !,era rwv O!lq)JX(})I'. 'ExaOTl/ OTTlV KavTa6ply[a, 8UI10TaV 110VO I1la V£O£AATlVlK~ AE~Tl: "l1napl1nOu 6IJOVO~lrOfC Ua'f/I, xai liv Ilval, clvm OI!oum} xai ljJV"li!ti,

Vla" .. Onwoo~noTs, "8El1a Yla ~nuAlYl1a" £lVQl Tl OUI160A~ OT£A£ orav liiv Jr£(!lfJaj,),1Jral ri]v jilllJT1]{!,w511 ramI/v iuro!!iav.

"On II' al Uiiae; >laO' £al rti; liiv ;'Vvavral va JrapauxwUt

xwv TTle; l1£ranpaTlK~e;, anolKlOKpaTlK~C;, aYYAoXlWTIKTle; ErQlP£[ac; xl/Il/II "VVOlIl.V {JVvapi:vllv va ;r}Jf{!ti>U// rOv VoVV xai

Ralli Brothers (1818-1955;) OTTlV aV£OatfllK~v t~w8£v anon£lpa £m6o 'l'Oaay pix{!L rij, x«(JlJiae;, yi1'E:ral drjJ..uv EA mmou, oi

Me; Tile; OTlI10TlK~C; litalcy6pfYiJI aswvutl', fva jJU;TiJJOt aJ.).~AOJv rae; >ltvfton;

LTOV £~W£MaolKOV £AATlVl0I10V aV~K£V 0 KwvOTavTlvoUnOA1TIle; rwv o",Oa),pwv xai rtie; OT.(JOipae; rrov y{!ajillWI' roO .T{!O

KQl AIYUnTIWTTle; Ka6atfllle;. 'HTav KaT' avaYKllv noAUyAwOOOC;. Ma ow:rw. Tie; dVvarat c.Ti paxl/ov l.l!ovQV va avqOli lila}.o

onwe; £n£I1£lV£ OTTlV £Iv\TlVlK~ TOU UrtI1KOOTTlTa, eTm olaA£~£ KOI TTl yov, xaO' bv 0 uvvofllJ.qn}; E-I,£l aUaxoV EO'T.{!al'jiitrol· TO

olaXPOVlK~ £AATlVlK~ AOYOTE:XVIK~ EKtflPOOT]. AUTOe; KUp[We; avol~£ ,Tgoow;rov ij roiiro xexalvplJivov; Kai OIJW; TOlirora,

elval ai Ex rtiiv }£5'X(OV aVT).rjOEioat Usn;...

TOV "11£lKTO alv\a V0l1l110" 0P0I10 OTTl A£YOI1£VTl 110VTEpva nOlllml

on

""at

Usn,

}4,,,

on

~ae;, napaKal1nTOVTae; OlaK~

272

TTl "POUI1£AlWTIKTl", TlnE:lpWTlKll KQl SnTavTl napoooOT]. Ma TOUTO dVQl alv\ouvou nana 6ayytAlO., ~..

ra

paxgta xgima Jrou i~1']aE mi]v fl.yyJia, (jiv sCiaO£ ;rori ri]v 'Elliba,!lt dXE 'ppovri an va pii, lpipEt aJro XEf pta baaxaJ.a yu! va paOouj.U iJJ.1']vtxa (vopi~w mo<;, a' aura, UJr~PSE povaliti/o Jrapa liE/ypa avapwa mouq "EU1']VE, rovq i:'/!laulTrTJpEvouq OTi]v fI. nMa). "Enn, ,Ta(!' aJoEq riq (jVl7xoJJ.c; rou sivou .T£gl{Ja)).vvroq, xarupOwaapt: va paOovp£ OXmxwq !laM. [...] ri] P1'JTPl.XiJ paq yJ.wal7a. [ ... 1 Mc Ti] p1']riga POV pl).oVl7a}l£ anmca (Ta m.1']VlXa ~S£gE pa, wq fEVV11PivT} OTO Aowlfvo, iyyJ.i1;lxa ~q it!xOvravc mo wxoJ.a), pi: rov :raripa pa; /ipmq ;-.ai ri] vOva paq puovaapc mhTa w.1']Vlxa.

'0 ,Taripaq pOU, Jra(!' oJ.a

ra

ra

A. A. nill1l" SEVlJrE}livOI "£)J.'/VEq, A6~va 1954, lJ. 40.

Tov iarpo wrw.b1'] YVWfli~w aJro ro aOlfio xai pi Jro)).-i]v asia {Jt{JAio rou To DU)(J(JI;(Q Zll -r1]I1(( 1(' ~ 'EXJlmbnrtLxlJ /las 'A \'ayEVYI)lJU;. Elva, r0 ihrn Jro).u illbwlpiflOV ro JrflOOll).,/TJ/ pwvauro. 7'0 xar' ipi, ro iYXflivw JrAqfliOTara. fJa ~rav alTTEfo va Oaf}{Jof!pE on ~i,Ta va ({Ju2tiyoup£ ri]v ~wvravi]v iJJ.1']VLXi]V yAwaaa XMWp<.'vq piq lTTa {Jt{JJJ.a povaxu [... ] ITgbw va {JyEf pi Olipfloq xai va Jra(JovawafJEf a' 0).<> ,iq axian; rou {Jiou. Bi{Jaw E[vat anJxrJ/"a Jrou arm, i] ~wvravi] iU1']vtxi] y).6jaaa JrOU Ebra, liiv dvm oJm; btoAou j'liuz ylll olou; rouq li1']ponxtlTTaq. fl.JJ.a ro aWl11pa aUro f-rav avayxaaTLXo Jr(Jaypa. Iri]v Ct.gl'i [.. •11IUx XOtvi] iSiYEf!m; xara r~q xaOa(Jcvov01']q, pdJ. xo/.vi] Jr£JoaJraOaa i/vWVE rou, 01JP0Tl)/l.Ula;, xal oi thalpopiq rwv ovlTrTJparwv rwv, xai oi xaJJi.rcxvud; xJJ.aF.J; JrEf)i nil' krpl}aOlY I ... ] lJitt:J.avOavav pEv, aJJ.a liiv iyivovrav Ipav£giq xai /h'-v rou; btulgovaa", Mi rOY XUlgo, opwq, Oral' iliUl'apwaev i] oJ,,1'] b1']}lonxiJ, ii(rxwav va xwpi~o!!V oi o1']ponxllTTai Eiq o,uil>a;, xai va {JyaivoUl·{)UI.IpOpOt avnJ.iJl/Jnq JrE(!i yJ.aJOO1'];, N' iviorE a!!Vobcvpiw,;, cI; rll'llq !;1']),w Iii iJ.fjxcri]v ipJraOna. rurav Ipvmxo va yivn ETlJll!; airiaq TlI<:; imligt!.ITEw; Tli; NaOa Qcvov01']'; LTi Tof! Jrf}Qipoimwf! J.oyou. MC(JlXoi-aJro rouq onoiov~ elPIl/ xai i)'dJ-blOTa~ovvva Ouata170llV /))..ox).1J(JY! T1'Jv xa(/«t!cVo/}(f/4 (kv o-ripyotw va y.u rat>f.Xaaovv 0).1/" nil' yJ.wl7m.xi]v i(rya aia £110q aiwvoq (xal JT4!LUaoTEfJOv...), ;jJEl" pi]v ri'Xl'I xa! 6& owDpc xai Iliq 1m) awpo liTo{J(!il/JOIIJlc-oi aV071rat-Xal'lua paJ.aparivta ),liIWOO xaviva ;a{Jwno aJro J.apJr{}o aE....Thl'l.

*

ra"

ii

To ~la8ar~plo TOU Ka8i:l,!,~ ("EnlJyy£A~a: nOI~T~<;»), OIlOU "'1 ~£l{;'VOVTOI Mo 510'!'OP£TIKE<; XpovoAoyi£<; y£vv~a£w<;, KOI 01

/lilo

AOVeaa~Ev£<; (ApX£io Ko8i:l'l'~, Ae~vo, !lTOU50aT~pIO NEou

EHqvla~ou).

H aV1:[!c~1jJl1 wu K. IT. Ka~Qrpl1 ~111 "pi 1:Qlolw811 Ihlp01:LX~» ~TaV ow.l-wQrpOJpEv'l TOUAaXLGTOV (lITO TOV LLnE!.L~QLO 1')06, oJt[;)~ 'J!a[vnaL ana 0XEOIO Emaro),~£ TOU, onou oxoA[a~E TO cOTE ~»OJoOI;,{(i oX[JvoaAIJJOE£ nQo (Jx)..ll1:~QIO TOlJ Jlo).iuxolJ YC'I.LOU iJlna.o~ . ITana.

'H Jr£gwraaw; II liua;. Ti I' xari{JaJJ.a-liv }Ii: ro iJrirfluav if :rEf!I/TTatJc,~ til' ;, raJ,, }.txi] pi ~rav OI'OW XiJiJatp1']-TOuq iMov; xo:rov; OTi]v ra)).J;<'i, wwq a' aim]v [... J wi p:ro pof!aa va £X(fpa!;ovpovv f).w8Ef!wupa.

LDfl'J!OJva 1'£ paQtlJQLa TQU E. M. FOIster (1919), 0 nOlljT~S excpgu1:,owv JlQocpoQt)(Q t~iaou aVETOJ£ eA»~VllT(i, a'(y)"m[ XC!l yUHWTL.

I

273

n IABBILiHL:

rAOl:l:IKEl:

ilIAMAXEl:

r. N. XATZI4AKII (1848-1941) KmCt lOV O € QWOI-lO nl~ 80ECllQlOO~ lOU r. Xcnt,~OCtX~ WIO

Tllv AxaOTJPLa A8TJvwv (29 Cl>E~gouaQlou 1929) fliATJoav OL

/'>.. AL"(LVljtllS, Egg. L%clOOllS, Ll'lfL. [g. KO[L;WUgOyAOU,

riflO~ MEVCtgOO£, K. Da),oflCt£ 1((lL Heu8EQLo£ BEV~t,£),OS

(llgw81JJIOUg'IOS)·

«[ ... J OOU lpEQW t~V E%('nlAwOLv t~S EXtLfL~OEWS t11~ KU~EQ

VljOEW£ 1lQo£ to flEYo E1lLOTllfWVLXOV Q € yov oou xol t~£

EUAa~Ela£ flECa t~£ oJtolas XClLQEClt,EL OU1TJ T~V Elll tOOO£

OEXOOOS hOJv l€ ;OLQElOV OLOOXtL',0iV oou ogumv.

te),£UWLOV lOU EV ewoaAovl-~T] ITavEITLOtTJflLOU, ocnvE£

OUVEd).eoov 01lWS ACli-U'tguvOouv to. aVOJ1C1W Eol'O'lllflOVL

XO !.lCl£ lOQ-u~J.aw xal ~ £HTJVLX~ £V "(EVEL E1lLOT~flll €~W tWV

ogiwv 1:~£ 'EUCtoOS, xal oAOS 6 [lio£ OOU, OXL fLOVOV 0 bl

Ol:llflOVLXOS, aHa XCIi 6 a),Aos, «JlOtEAtL ),ClflJtgov JtoQo

OELY~lCl, 10 olloLOV ~~IJlOQODI-lEV vo OELXvUOflEV JlQo£ fliflTJOLV

ds t~v oJlouMt,olJoav v€O~.aiCiv [... ]».

AilOOJlClOpCl Clno1TJv Jtgooq)(vVTJoTJ 10lJ EAEU8EQlOU BEVLt,EAOU, Hj)TJfl. 'H£V@EQOV Bij,uCl, 1 MOQ1:tolJ 1929 «[... ] EL£ u!J.u~ aV~l'.EI (IV Ell nvo£ avtLt,~Aou ~ oo~a on 1~V y/'WOOll£ 'IOU PCOOLwVOS xal1wv VEW1:EQWV Xgovwv aVlJ\~WOmE x€ tWV ~u8wv 1~£ EQaomxvla~ xCil T~; apEOoMcl£ el£ 1~V 1:ast" E1TLOl:llflT]£ n/'llgouoll~ O/,OUS 'lOU£ oUYXQovou£ E1TLOTllflOVLXOU~ oQOlJ£. OVOE\~ umQ~OJlLOE 1000V EVEQY(i~ xal E1lLn;xw~, OllW~ Ufltl£, 1:~V aOLaOJlCl.G10V £vo1111a CUII)011~ 1:1]£ [010 QiCl£ ~S 'E),),il\,IXll£ yAWOOq; allO lOU 'OfL~{lOU flEXQL 1:OJV VEWta1WV OLa),£X1WV xai LOLw~La1wv ~.Ol OUOEt~ li.Ho~ allE OEL~E 1E/'ELW1IxtiJ~ wDw aLa 1:000V OtOClXnxou 1IC1Q06ElY' flClw£ ll/,oUOta; xol /'Ell'lOflEQOUe; fQeUVl]C;. 'H tEXVll ~£ a~LoL~alCl.~ OL«lpw1:ioEW~ [... j xa8Lo1u EuyvW/lOVCle; ~lOOTJ 1:a£ oOS OVXi !.lOVOV wU£ '1),wOOO/'oyoue;, a),),a xai lOU; CpL /'o),oyoue;. [.'OJ 'Q£ ol£8vou£ lp~[.lll£ EQElJVTJTilS avul!!(J)OmE Jlav10tE 60 (IIC oQaOeW£ oae; I~V UJlO/,TJlPIV 1:~£ £nl1VLY.~£ EJtL01~fllle; [... ]» A1loollao!.LO 0110 W OU"(XClQ1Ill'IQLO 1:T]£ Axo.OTJlllo; IOU BEQO},lVOU, 1lEQ. 1\°'11'0: 40 (192.') 212-14. lOl:OQLX~V £QEUVOV 1:~£ 'EHllVlY.~~

«XgWO'lOUILE W01000 01:0 [E0JQYLO X01:!;LoaXL x(m aU.o, XCIi OUtO dvm llavw 011fLOVl:Li'.O: T\i 8~nx~ 1:OU I:gyClOlQ, 1~V ay,ouQao1:T] ,lE),£ITJ l:OlJ 1flS 011~L01LXli£, 10 JlgOOW1lLXO l:OlJ £QYO. 'E~"EjvO 1l0U 1CtU1L0~lEVO flE 10V Ct10flLOfLO 1:0U n:lOggOlpTJOE Tis XO/,iHEQ£S 'lO1.> ouvafll;l; xol j'ILV'-, 000 lOV OlpTJVE ijolJXo 11 u.vEscm/'ll1:T] aV1L/'oYla W1.> xa; avnOQO.OTL X01:TJl:Cl, £QYo t,w~s. 'ExEI x€ EL va OEL~El EQY01LXOI'l W WL EQ"(OOlO 1EQaOUO "(Lo. 'lOUe; OQOUS nis t),)'TJvLx1i£ !;(;)~£ Y,a[ fl1lOQEt ',(al Ol'\WQa CtxOflTJ va 1l~'[ Jt€Ql"llpOVO, xa8w£ 10 1:0VL OCi ilLa qJOQO 01a fLCl8~!.L(ll:a [.lOU 010 rravmL()'l~llW 8£000 /,OVlXTJe;: et quorum pars magna [ui». M. TQLavtalpuHlolle;, 'I1navw, t. S, 0.295.

274

o r.

N. X01~loaKl<; ~10V 0 rrp(.lno<; Ka8'1Y'11~<; 1'1<; yAwoooAoyia<; 010 naV£TllOll'IIlIO A8'1vwV (010aK10po<; 1881, U
Hle; EMIlVlK~e; yAwooae; -apxalae;, 6u~avnv~e; KQl V8ae;- Il£ Tllv 8VVOla Hle; aOloonaOT11e; Ouv£X£lae; KQl T11e; A£SIAOYIK~e; KQl OOlllK~e; OUVOx~e; Tile; OlQXpOVlK~e; EM11VIK~C; n£plOOOT£PO yVWOTO ana 10 8pya TOU £lVQllO 'AKaOI)IlE:1KrJ. 'Avayvwollaw, 10 MwalWV1KQ Ka! Nia 'EAAI)V1KG, 01 rAwaaoAoylKai ME:Aiwl, 01 rAwaaoAoY1KOi "Epwval, 11 Eioaywyr, mr, NWE:AAI)V1Kr, fpallIlOTlKr, (Y£PllovI01l), 11 Iuvrolloe:; 'laTOpia rile:; 'EAAI)V1Kile:; fMJool)e:;, K.O. lluOTuxwe; 0 XaT~I06Kle;, I.l0AOVon un~PS£ 0 anOUOQlOT£pOe; I.l£A£ T11~e; Tile; OTlIlOnK~e; yAwooac;, O£V OT~PlSE: I.l£ TO aouvaywvlOTo £nlOT11I.l0VIKO KUpOe; TOU T11v £YKQlP11 avayvwplOllT11e; Ol1llonK~e; we; £nlOllI.l11e; yAwaoac;, y£yovoe; nou KQl ll£yOA£e; oual.l£v£lc; £nlmWa£lC; OT11v nQlO£UnK~ KQl nV£UllanK~ KaTOOTaOllT11C; xwpae; dX£ KQl OUVT£ A£O£ WOT£ Vo al.loupw8£i Yla KQlPO 10 C:nlOTTJIlOVIKO TOU ovolla ana TO on aolKO KQl £O¢OAI.l£VO oUYKaTaA8x8IlK£ moue; OKpWe; ouvT11Plln KOUe; £nlOT~1.l0V£C; KQl OTOUe; £x8poue; T11e; ol1llonK~C; yAwoaae; ~

ES0i-Lo1,OYllOI1" TaU Xart,LO(bu: OiJlJbrou; fjPTJv txopor; %ai wiJ,wra X/:,III/(,lUypEvOr; rijr; bTJPow liMa Ipoivovral bTJJ.ouvra r/ lin 'I aJJj ()aa %EtWI 1ra()' ovbcrit!oLe; aM' tv Tfi XQuafi pif11J 0/)0, r. Xart"M;(,;, «'!\;tuV't'llJl; rLs K. Krumbacher», o. 643,

yvw

o XaTsLOaxL; yw nl NEG EU'lVLX~ (OrJ!.tOtLx~):

IUVQVTqOq yAwoooMywv KOI EAAqVIOTWV orqv Ae~vo OE TI~qTIK~ EK1)~),WOq npoc; TI~~V TOU r. XaT~J1>6KI. H tpwToypoio OTO emin TOU r. XOT~I1>6KI OTqV Ae~vo. EIKovi~oVTOI (on6 oplOTEpa npoc; TO 1)(~lli). op610t: P. Kretschmer, M. Vasmer, H. Pernol, A. Heisenberg' K0610~EVOI: A. Thumb, r. XOT~r6ilKIC;. B. Delbruck,

,1

Ai rpt?auElr; P4lfJa(}OI', b'Erp(Ja(JpEvOV, tJ.E.EtVOV lMwpa ~ bulMXTOe; ~ y).WUOOt J./:yopEVal bri Tijr; IjTJ/UiJ~QVe; t!.JrJ.ije; },a},ovpivqe; ~pwv y},OJUOTje; Elval ;tai aOEpFtr; xttl 1Jpa(}T'I pival. Elval riuifJEla xai aX(Ja ;,awuJ",(IM/ va OVOP(i!;w pEV TO ano 15 y.ai ;rUov oioJVWv ItVEVponxOv opyavov rou §Ovour; ~p{jjl' fJU,ppopov xai bulpOoppivov.

71 fi"'t .• ., ......

iEOPilOZ MnAMnlNIOTHZ

275

rJ\QLLIKEL

61AMAXEL

HnENTArAnIIIA TOY MEIOnOAEMOY AVTpt

Mlpa~"tA

(1900·1970).

KAElAPEYOYLA,1933 'Qq Ofpa roii J.oyov POU fstJ.4a raq iaToptxaq aPXaq rryq brypouxii>: ita>: ;roujoEwq. '0 rirJ,oq, JrtaTEVW, XlVEi' ro ivbuxrpt'f!ov xai YEVlI~ .T(!ooboxiaq JroJJ.aq, dq raq oJroia, Oa ijpTfl' dmrr.il; cav q{)vvapTfl' JrJ.rjpw, Vtl IIY1:WCOX(!IOtiJ. LJVaTVxwq " I!(jEVva rii, bryWfJbov, "pwv JrOlrjUEWq Jrapa !fauaq yevop£vaq PEmI mipepov a~LO).Oyovq ipyauia, biv ,}iJvarat va OEwpryo,l wq ixavriJ, Jrporyypi:vrJ, warE va i;urpt',TT/ ualfry, avavrip(!'lTa xai aurpaJ.ry OVpJrEpcwpara.

ra,

I:t. n. Kl)!!lCLltiI)11~, To b'lponxo rpayovbl, AO'IV
XapiTWV Xap1Twvl~~~ (1878-1954).

YTIEPKAElAPEYOTIA.1933 LJIXaiwq urjf/epov T() ltCll'EJJ,rj VtOv oJ..ov rtp~ xai yepaigEI TO piya roii 'EJ.J,,/vwpoii ay).at UpCl, roY i\ba)/al'Tlov Ko(!w]v, ou rT,v uc;ni/v d:' q,ya ain-ou I'a qWUI cLTa ~aJr(.l(Jat ai L;(ohxai fJlfJJ.toOlixa~

ra

ra

, nt!. X. XUQlflIlvib!]C;, Aliro, El; itballavnov KO[lafjv, eecJlJuf.oVlltll 1933, o. 36.

MIXTH,1950: 11 ov)J.oy~ avr~ rwl'

ra~tl)IWW'Wl' Ollflflwparwv -fj~FIO OIEUPivwl' ijbl/ aTilv 'Eo-tUIV- Mv €xu o·{na<{'it!ov 6JJ.o, i7.roc; rou xaflapwq /j~pooLOypo.rpvlOii. ~ ..ro a;rlnjlEw; ypaJlpaTlxll; xai yJ.wUOIX7]" oUl'EiTaI riiq ivoT//roq ii rry, «ivoT/)ra»>, ;rov Fliiq ~11Wiiv oi xaOa{!ElJovouXVOt )tai ai paJJ.la!!oi· 0 !/aOE FLOPlpwpivoq "EJ.J,'lv, ;rou CrlllE va rove; yvw(}iur/ aJro !/ovra -itJiwq, paJ.urra, roil, rdEVTaiollr; rir' ypalpu OTa JratTlou(}a rwv JraJroViOtWV rov xai X!!'l OtPOTroU:i TOU, dm:ov, xai rw'V buo «yAOJUOWV», o:rOJ, lOU q,xovrat ;rEtO fJohxa ij, piiJlov, o:rOJ, POIJOOUv xaJJirEpa roy (}VOfili
K. A. KilQo£. BliJrol'Tar; I
276

o raAAOe; V£O£AA'1VIOT~e; AVTpe MlpallneA (1900-1970) at: Il£MTil TOU, TO 1937, n£plypaq>oVTOe; TIlV TOT£ £M'1vlK~ YAWOOlK~ npoYllon KOT'1TO KOTSA'1c;£ OT'1 OlOn[OTWOll OTI OT'1 IlnOnOA£IlIK~ (H0po fjEOO nOA£lllK~) n£piooo Ilnopouoav va OlOKpl80uv nevn; yJlwoOlKer; Kaw OTOOE:Ie; (etats de langue). TTjv [010 olonioTwOll EnoveA08£ KOl O£ ap8po TOU TO 1948. 01 neVT£ YAWOOlKSe; KOTamaO£Ie;, OIlOXPOv£e; nOPOAAaOOOUO£e; 1l0pq>se;, aMoT£ OUYKl\[VOUO£e; KOl aMoT£ anOKAivouo£e;, Tile; ypa m~e; KUplWe;, aMa KOl £V fjSP£1 TTje; OfjIAOUfjSVIle; N£o£MTjVIK~e;, 01 nsvn; aUTee; "yAwooEe;", £lval 01 £c;~e;: H "aeap£l/OUOO (langue savante ~ puriste) EniOll!1Tj (TOT£) yAwooa TOU KpaTOUe;, yAwooa TTje; OIOlKTjOTje;, Tile; £Knolo£UOlle;, KTA Oe; ypall llanK~ TTje; avayp6paOTj au nauovwl npOOTleeVT£r;. Oe; aKpala 1l0P¢~ avoq>spnOl Tj unE:pKaBapE:uouoa (langue ultra-savante) , Tj onoia 0IlWe;o£V £KAOIl 8aVnal we; lOlalT£pTj YAWOOlK~ KOTamaOTj. H fJ1Knj ~ fJlxnj (langue mixte): yAwooa avolloloy£v~e;, ypa¢oll£ VTj Kat 0IlIAOUIl£VTj, Tj EniOllllTj yAWOOO XPTjOlllonOIOUIl£VTj SC;W ana Ka8£ 11 TO EniOllIlO. l'1£v avaq>epnQl ypalJlla1lK~ TTje;. K£ilJ£vo: TOU A. E. Msyo (1937) KOl TOU AX A. T~aPT~aVOU (1948). C!JpaOll of-v naUOVTGl va npOOTlBWOIV.

OMli\OYMENH H o/.IIJtOUf./£VT) ~ Ka8of./1JtOUf./£VT) (langue courante ~ couramment T~v y)J])(Jaa am~ yt(z tiU1X{lWL curr} riJv xa8a{1~ tiTJPOUX~ parlee): YAwooa KUplWe; Tile; oSllva'lK~e; KOlvwvlae; KQl TWV nOAswv, rwv o{l80tiol;wv liTJpouxwrwv wvopaaE 0 nwa(J!xo, rroX YAWOOO OOWV OSV npoanaSouv va opouv Tllv OVTlSc:a1l avo~c:aa 010V ),oyo;; XOtV~ NwliTJpoux1. AVT~;; r~;; yXd)(Jaaq r~; OI'TW;; KaSaplOf./O (purisme) KOl TOV OT)f./OTlKlOf./O (vulgarisme). Ipa~~onK~ 'E8vL%~;; 'E},)'TJV!x~;; T~V Y{lappaux~ 7r:apoum6,{:;opl' I,i T~V Tile;: Tunol Ka! Kavovc:c; rfle; K01VWe; Of./1JtOUf./£VW; vsosJtJtT)vIKfle;· £:xliom T~;; rQa~fHlnxij~ njc; NEOii1']~onxijc; y),waaac;, tijc; O~I),oU~fVllC; 1i1']'" xo,vij; 01]fLOtIXijC;. MSASTIl YPO~~SVIl ana ASIlVOloUe;. IlpoAoyoe; Moplae; ApyuponouAou KaTa r~v rrovWI;L T~q F(!appauxijq avrij;; npomra81rJapE (1931), Kd~svo Tile; Maploe; ApyuponouAou (1937 KQl 1948). (J)POOIl: va nE(!LMifjwpE OM Ta y),wamxa arOLXEla r~;; EvU1ia;; otv nauouv va npo08£rouv, XOtvij;; VEOliTJpouxijq xai pi T~V poprp1, 1rOV XP1WL/lO H OT)f./OTlK~ (langue demotique): ~IlTPlK~ YAwooa TWV EM~VWV notOvv ar~v %afhjpE(!Lv~ xpijm oXOt oi "EXJ'TJVE;;, £lrE ama dvaL Xaixa £lrE Jr{lo4!xovraL an' rirv Myw napatiom. KaTOAllc;IlTIle; CPUOlK~e; Sc;SAlc;lle; Tile; EMIlVlK~e;, Ipa~~onK~ Tile;: Nw Ama ~ouv ara aropaw OM)V TWV 'EU1vwv xai X(!TjOlpO c:JtJtT)VlK~ rpaf./f./aTlKf) (Tile; KOlV~e; OIl~OTlK~e;) TOU MlX OlKov6~ou notOmaL Toao Ta Mi'xa ano rov;; POprpWpEvOUq. oa() %ai (1933). Kd~svo TOU Mov, TplavTacpuMlOIl (1937 KQl 1948). (J)POOll: oev r~;; Xoyia;; JrapatioaEw;; alro TOV }.ao, nrro, ;(wpi;; va Em nauouvs va npoo8£rouv. PEYaXTJ poprpwm, 8i1"'L va ExrppaaTJ wa EvVOU1, :tov 71£ pl.f:'IOpEVO TTJ;; ro xaw).a(JaivEL, %ai X{lTJmpO,TOIc1 ),,' auro H f./aJtJtLQp~ (langue cheve/ue, ultra-demotique): 11 oll~onK~ YAWO r~v [liw UI;L PE r~v [liLa popqJq, nov XOTjmp(lJrouJ II JJOp 00 aMcl OU01IlPWe; KovoVlO~SVIl ana cplAoA6youe; KQl ypo~~onKOUe;, rpWPEvO;. sv ~SPE:l sm6s6AIl~SVIl ana f./aJtJtLQPOUe; (malliaristes) ouyypocpde; r. Z(li'X11C;. Foappauxlj HI; vwbqllonx~;, (I. l)JuxoPIl, A. nOMIl, n. BA0010, M. HMOTlKH,1933 va npo01£rouvs 'fl;; Jr(!O;; ro ~1rTJpa r~; poprp~;; rou l'iov ypamou loyov H OVWTSpW nopouolaOil TWV SMllVlKWV YAWOOlKWV npoy~oTWV, oi avp(JL(JaarL%i;; yLa r~v iJroX~ a)J.a x{li livaxo),o<({a/J

poare; xa! avrLvopLx,,; ilJEE; rou KO{Ja~, yLa ri;; onOLE;;

KaTO TO ~c:aonOAS~lKO KQl TO npWTa ~E:10nOAS~lKO XPOVlO, CPOlVE:1Ql dJrE 0 PofliTJ;; ,ULa ({JO{J{f JrrO;; Elvr.a Ev Tff nMYT/ op8o;;

SK npwTIle; 04JSWe; SU010XIl KQl E:nlTUX~e;, H SVVOla Tile; yJtWOOlKf)e; Ka ;0"10;;, ivw tiiv xaro(j8w(JaV va avyxIJar1IJovv T~V %a8a

rOomOT)e; E:nbps4JS ~sv Tllv nsplypoCPlK~ avoAuoll ~lOe; OXl KQl TOOO pwovaa piaa ara o(jW JrOV t.'jTO vaE rou KO{la~ ~ 8Ewpia

onMe; YAWOOlK~e; npay~mlKoTIlToe;, onoAuvs o~we; Til 6aOlK~ OlQCPO rou y},waalxoIl «xa)),wJrwl'0V", £bwaav arpO(!plj va TO..

Em%alouvraL 6; a1IIE(!a oi tiwrpO(jETlXWTE(!OI. avriyvw

po OVo~c:ao O1le; OUO OVTl1lSS~SVSe; YAWOOlKSe; KalO0100Sle;, O1a OUO 1101, xw(!i;; yLa xav{v(l rov;; va

KUPlO YAWOOlKO OUOT~~mo (KQSOpSUOUOO - oll~onK~) 0 Mlpo~nsA flTJ i5WIJEL TOV "Llvova %W' ro

OSV Sswpd TllV unspKoSapsuouoo we; lOlOlTSPIl YAWOOlK~ Kmo01oOll, yXWIJ(JlXO n(jo'tv,TO.

Ol010~Sl as va SswP~OSt we; lOlOlTSPIl Kmo01oOll KQl1TJ ~OMlOP~, '000 Muv. T!?lUVW(jlU),).,'0'l<;,

JtQOU(jlWYllrrTJ arov

YlO Til ~lKT~ KQl TIlV o~lAOU~svll, 11 OVOAU~ TOU TdvSl va npooowoSl X. X. XUQltUlvili'j,

as OUTSe; XOPOK1~PO OlO~SOWV YAWOOlKWV ~opcpwv, Ilpsnsl, o~we;, va Aoyo;;d;;iL Kopa~v, a.y'.

nopmllPIlSd on ov 10 apIa ovo~c:ao TOOO O1IlV KOSOpsuouoo KOl Til ~lKT~, 000 KQl OTIl oll~onK~ KOl Tllv o~l/'OU~SVIl dVQl ouanpoo OlOPl010, 11 OlO, (1879-1941). OUOTIlIF'T:K0 srrlnsoo dVQlOlYAWOOlKOU XOPOKT~PO, opo suoloKPlTIl, Ol nsvTs YAWOOlKSe; Kmo0100Sle;, 01 nsvTs "y/,woose;", osv SlVQl TSAl KWe; napa nopoMoyse; novw 010 lOlO Ss~o Til OlYAWOOlO, ~~.

ro

°

MAJ\i\IAPH,1931 na va ~'iaEl y.at rpol!VTrvlJEL /lW ylwIJIJa l1JELa~tT(U ''IV aYlhrq TOV JrOLI/Tli y.at rou aorpov TO ()oVhp(l. IJ rtlvTJ {awaL Tlj bTjpoTLy.1 a,To TO xar41Yo TI}; aiTJIJpOvLaq xaL OL yiwaao},oyOl ;Exa(}a~lwav TT/l' OTLIJT1/ pOVL%li (JafJT} Tlj;; ypapll(f.TLXliq /(H T1jc; rpW171W<1;;' Mil TO J.q;nxo rTJ;; fJ'j/lonx1;; pEVEL axopa ,Ta{JaprJ.'l~'vo, xal tiEv iXEL xav£!; fa awara /lEIJ(l yw va ro IJnQII/)arJt'l. 1~1JjrE xav iva },1:1;1%0 rlJ; .1fpOXolrr/; &v Vlrapxft. n. Bl.aU'to;, l'llYOlVUl'lt xat (JUyyo',xa,

AO.lva 1931, o. 3.

277

METAPPY0MIl:EIl:

H EKnAI4EYTIKH METAPPVGMIIH TOV 1964 NOM08ETIKO. r ~IATArMA4379/1964 "JT£fI1 'Otr/avwoew; xal 4wt"Jjocwe; rije; revt"ije; 'Ex;r:at&v·

UEWe; (I:rotzw)Jl50v. "ai Mi07/')"

"Ap0tJ0v 5.

J. 'H uvvreray,dvr} "ai avl'V ibtw/lano/lwv tlTJ/lortxi} we; tl.Ct bta/lo(J({JwOei ci; ;ravd17jnov b.r;(JallTlXOV otr/avov rou iJ1TJvlxOU i.o.ou xai rWv bo"i/lwV oVYY(Jarpiwv rou iOvove; Z(JT/Ut/loJrotamt ih:vOfQw; ele; rov ypa.TTov xai lQv .T(JOIfJO· glxov MyOv a;ro roVe; btt5tluxovra; xai lOV; btbauxofJl:Vovc; de; 0).0.. rcc; paO/libac; riic; 'Ex,Tatbeuu£wc; amI r;;c; xarwrarT/C; /ll-Blt "al r;;c; avwrarq; 3. rpa/l/larlid] xai Iwr:a;tC; riic; KaOa(J£vou07/C; JtJO.uxovrw de; ro rV/lvauwv xai lO Avx£tOv, tv uvvapTT/o£t ;r(J0c; ri}v {JloaO'lw),iav r;;. 4'1/lortxiic; xa! rijc; ~xaiac; 'Ell7]vtxij; ri.wu07/C; elc; (ioa. la;£tc; i] 'Au'taia yJ.wuua btbarr~erat. i\gO(Jov 8. 3. EI. 'TO rV!JVaotQV ~ JtJauxaJ.ia 'Tij; tipxaiac; 'EiJ.7JV1Xfj; rga/llJllreiar; rivera! b. /)oxi/lwV /lera!p(Jr7.uewv X).Il0UtxWV c(JYwv ci. rirv eOf.ll7]Vtx7jv. 4. 'H JrpwT7J ,T(JoOJri).o.OI' rrov /laOT/rrov ci; rirv j\(JZaiav 'EJ.· i.7JVIxT,V y).wouav yivera! d; r~ r(JirT/v rou rV/lvaoiov Jta r(Jtw!!ov xaO' ipbo/wba btbau>la).ia; rije; y!!a/l/lartxije; 'lOU j.\ rwwu 1.0
H YEVIO

TOU

114 (wToypacpla alTO ~IQ~~Awa~).

npO<; TO T£AO<; HI<; O£KO£TIO<; TOU 1950 OIl~£IWVOVTOl OIl~ovnK£<; nOAITlK£<; KOl KOIVWVlKE<; oMayE<;
O'l<; EKno[O£UO'l<;. To 1963 OVEPX£TOI OTllv £~ouo[a 11 ¢lA£A£uS£PIl Ku6EPVIlOll TOU I£wpyiou nanavopEou KOl WW~L~£TOI TO EPYO ~10<; PI~IK~<; KOl oumo
11

Oll~OTlKJi

XP~Oll

320

apxa[wv K£I~EVWV ana ~£TO¢POO£Ie: ~£ TO £nIX£[PllJJa OTI 11 ano~o KpuVOll ana TIlv apxa[a yAwooa Kat napaoooll UnEOKanT£ TO 8£~EAla TOU £MIlVOXPlOTlaV1KOU nOAlTlO~OU, £vw 11 npOOTao[a Tile: Oll~OTlK~e: on£lAouo£ va £~£y£ip£l TOUe: aVTlnOAoue: Tile: Kal va ava~wnupwOEl TIe: YAWOOIKEe: tPIO£e:. H ~£TOppu8~10'l TOU 1964 OV£Konll TO 1967 ono TTJv omoSoopo~l K~ nOAlTlK~ Tile: XOUVTOe:, nou £nEOTp£LjJ£ 010 npOllYOU~£VO OUOTIl~a, Til A£ya~Evll «aru\~" KoSap£uouoa we: ~OVIl £n[O'l~Il yAwooa, Yla va 6P£1 Til OUVEX£la KOl OIKa[w~ Tile: Aiya xpavlo apyoT£pa ~£ TIlV ano KA£lOTIK~ Ko8lEpWO'l Tile: Oll~OTlK~e: we: £n[oll~Ile: yAwooae: KpOTOUe: Kat £Kna[o£uollC;. ~.

EuaYY£AO~

narravouTOo<; (1900-1982).

- Ma)"una avOgw1T:uJTlx1-t Jraditia.

fllu&ia g,tw}Jivr} (Jl:7fv tI}vLl~7j }Jae; ,TitgaOOIJ1/. f\JJ.a

OVOLitOT/Xq, ci)"IJO,vrl, ituOevuxrj.

- '0 ;wJ.irTJ' rijc; 'EU"r,x~r; A//IJoxparia. JrgmEL va i'xEL

ifif!OV1J}Ja... iVa r~l' iOTogia wv, Yt!a/l/laui rou,

JTo)irw}Ja nie; Xwgae; rou...

- r~ y)"{jj(Jua /lae; r~l' tOv,xrj, r:iJ tWVTa~ nil' XOIl"/ iJ.IIJ

vLX~ r:ofi ).aov J1a<;, roiv TgayovOtwl' par;, ni. ).oyor:CX1'iw;

/lar;, [yOf/E ygioe; tOv/xo xa! TjO,%o va r~ r;(/lrjUO/l< xw: va

rTjv i5tihit;o}Jc (J\}OTIJ/lanxit. OTCt JrWOU{ ,aar; ywr! Tj yAWU

(la }Jar; cLva! l/ljJvfli par;.

AJtoO"Jta(J~u II..ltO eal>LOqJU1VIXi, Ol-llj.lu

ro

t;te,-.

ra

'(ou E. DUJtavouwo\l ~E rltl.o,

"fwrl II 'EYw'tmOEl!,(lxil Mcrll"QUOP.IIT'l'·

(Adria wv fla,oaywylxav 7vuurourou, Ill). I, /l'll'uos 1965).

o E. na;uwouwo; un~QI;E hCl; em" TaU; ,no eroflou; UltO
~OIT~TI.~ ~lOa~Awa~ TO. 1962 OT~V AB~va. ~£ a~ T~~ .paTIK~~ xop~ylo~

ainwa T~V

au~~

v,a T~V lTal~£ia.

EIPHNH
321

METAPPY8MlrEIl:

H EKnAI6EYTIKH METAPPY8MIIH TOY 1976 ME Trlv mWOIl Tile; OtKTQTOpiae;, TO 1974, napaTrlP£!TaI SVTOVIl 0108E all Yla aAAayse; OTO EKnOloEuTIKO OUOTrUla TWV ouvTaYIJQTapxwv 0 npw8unoupyoe; K. KapaIJOVA~e; Kal 0 unoupyoe; nalO£!ae; 1 POAAIle; EKOIlAWVOUV npoowmKo EVOlaq>Spov Kat npow80uv TilIJETappu8IJtOil nou OAOKAIlPWVEt Tllv npoon08Eta TOU I. nanavopsou. 01 KUPIOTE pEe; OIOTO~Ele; Tile; aq>opouv TOOO OTIl 010p8pwOll Tile; EKnalOEUGlle; 000 KQl OE SSlJaTa YAwooae;: a. OTO IUIJVOOIO Ot apxaiOl 'EAAIlVEe; KAaOlKO[ ol06oKOVTOl ana IJETaq>pOO£te; KOl 6. yAWOOO OtOaOKaA[Oe;, aVTlK£ilJ£vo OIOaOKaAlae; Kat yAwooa TWV OIOaKTlKWV 616A[WV O£ OA£e; Tle; 6a81J10Ee; Tile; YEVIK~e; EKna[O£UGlle; £iVat 11 N£oEAAIlVtK~ (opS. 2, nap. 21 TOU v. 309/1976). EloOYOVTOI aKOlJ1l 0PIoIJSV£e; op80ypaq>IKSe; anAonol~o£Ie;. EivOI a~tOorllJ£iwTO OTl IJla oUVTIlPIlTlK~ Ku6sPVIlGll

Ka81EpwvEI IJE VOIJO EKnaIOEUTlKSe; Kat YAWOOlK£e; PUSIJ[oEIe; nou 11 napOTO~~ Tile; £ix£ nOA£IJ~o£1 oTO nap£ASov LTllv KaSISpWGll Tile; OIlIJOTlK~e; oUVST£IV£ Kat TO IOXUPO nMYlJo nou OSXTIlK£ TO KUpOe; Tile; KaSopEUOUOOe; ana Til OIKTQTOp[a. LTI'] ouv£iOIlOIl TOU KOOIJOU 11

KaSapEuouoa (OpSOT£PO: IJla KWlJtKOTpaYIK~ £KOOX~ Tile;) £!X£ TOUTl OT£i IJE TO OtKTOTOPlKO KaS£OTWe;. M£TO TO 197611 OIlIJOTlK~ m£KT£! VETat Kat OTIe; Eq>IlIJEp[OEe;, OTO paoloq>WVo Kat OTIlV TIlAEOpaGll Kat ylVOVTat Ot npWTEe; onon£lp£e; IJETOYAWTTlolle; TWV VOIJWV TOU KPO TOUe; oTIl OIlIJOTlK~, KQTO TO npOTuno TOU SPYOU TOU Xp. XPIlOTlOIl. H aVTlopaoll Ta npwTa XPovla £ivat unoTovIK~. !Ilyol TOAIJOUV va unooTllpi~ouv aVOlXTo Tl']v KaSap£uouoa ana q>060 lJ~nWe; S£WPIl Souv q>IAOXOUVTlKOl. To np06AlllJa, WoTOoO, OEV tX£1 EmAuSd 0PloTl

o Kae~Y~T~c; E~~. Kp,apac;, ~aX~TIK6c; O~~OTlKI(JT~c; Ka, aTO~a VT£UTOC; U"£paamOT~C; TOU ~OVOTOVIKOU.

KO Mia OI£VE~1l oq>opo Tllv uq>~ Tile; N£OEAAllvIK~e; yAwooae; KaTO TO VOIJO, N£OEAAIlVIK~ EiVQl 11 OIlIJOTlK~ «~ olaIJOpq>wS£ToO de; nav£AA~ VlOV SKq>pOOTIKOV 6pyavov uno TOO 'EAAllvlKOO AaoO Kai TWV OOKIIJWV ouyypoq>twv TOO "ESvoue;, ~ f',IlIJOTlK~ ouvTETaYIJ£vll, av£u [OIWIJOTl olJwv Kal 6KPOT~TWV» (apS. 2, nap 2, TOU v. 309/1976). OptoIJtVOI uno(mlP[~ouv OTl 11 N£OEAAIlVlK~ o~lJ£pa OEV dVOl OUTS 11 OIlIJOTIK~ TOU TplaVTaq>UAAioll OUTE II KaSap£uouoa, aMo IJla vta OUvS£Gll «ntpav T!'ie; 0IlIJOTIK!'ie; Kat T!'ie; KaSap£uOUolle;", Yl' aUTO KQl KPlVOUV aKoToAAllAll Til IpalJlJaTIK~ TOU TplavTaq>UMioll, nou dX£ UlOSET~

TIAPAM.JrMATA MtTAfi\QTTILHL KaeaQ£vovaa

'0 uQlflllO<; ~nU!;F LJ "I,M Cwi

o uQ'(-)WJ<; J1:OlJ 1;~niamf

O£t KQTOmV npOoaplJoy~e; II Ku6sPVllOll· 'AAAOl cvayvwp[~ouv TO OTIl XP~OIl Tile; OIlIJOTlK~e; -aOuValJl£e; A£~IAOYlOU, OUoKOAi£e; OTIl IJETaYAWTTtoll Tile; EnloTllIJOVIK~e; opoAoy[ae;, t}..A£I!jJll

EXF' ai..idJ;tl

np06A~IJQTa

Ka!1r!(ii:vovaa

£YXElPIOiwv, SAAEI!jJll nEipae; oTl'] XP~Gll Tile;, K.6., aAA6 OEV alJq>1061l TOUV OTlll NEo£AAllVIK~ £[VOl oTll 60011 Tile; OIlIJOTIK~. 'AAA£e; OtQlJax£e; EntKSVTpWVOVTaI oTO spWTlllla av un6PX£1 ~ OXI YAWoOiKO np06AlllJa, nOlEe; £ivQl 01 QlTIEe; TOU KOI nwe; nptn£1 va aVTl IJETwmoTd. 0 E. Kplap6e; KQl 6AAOI 6Atnouv Til AUGll OTIlV KaAAltpy£ta

'A VU!J.ElVcn£ d<; TO uxouauxov aa<; LJ'l!IOHXr) TIUQOXU)•. WJI£QI!J.EVETE

KaeaQEvovoa

'A ;WYOQFU£W, TO xO.J(vL1;£lV LJ111J.·OW117

KQl oUOTllllQTOnolllGll Tile; OIlIlOTlK~e; Xwp[C; n£plTTtc; napoxwp~a£le; OTllv KaSapEuouoa, £vw OMOt OUVIOTOUV avox~ OTOUe; TunOUe; Tile; KaSapsuouoae;, onooox~ Tile; nOAUTunlae; (nx Trye; Ku6(;pVI)orye; KQl Tl)e; Ku6Epvrjm;we;) Kal anoq>uy~ aKpa[wv OqlJOTlKWV Tunwv. noMoi olavo

AJI0"l0QEUETaL TO xaJ(VLO~ta

OUIl£vOI, KQt OXIIJOVO aUVTllPllTlKoi, aVllouxouv Yla Tllv anoOUVOIlWGll, onwe; mOTEUOUV, Tile; EAAllVIK~e; ana TIlV £lopO~ ~SVWV oaV£lWV KQl

322

OUVLOTOUV Tllv snava¢opa TWV apxalWV SM'IlVLKWV 010 IUllvamo, Ils TIlV nsnoi81lGll on 10 apxa1a 80 SVLOXUOO'uv TIlV S8VLK~ ouvsi0IlGll H Apxaia EMIlVlK~ tXS\ aVTlKOlOOT~OSI TIlV KoSapsuouoo we; OUIl60Ao S8VLK~e;

1OUTOTIlTOe;, KOla Tllv KPlGll llaAIOTO OPLolltvwv, 11 oloaoKa Ala TWV oPXa1wv SAAIlVLKWV 8a BOIlS~OSl KOL OTIlV KaAuTsPIl SKlla81l aT] Tile; Ntae; EMllvlK~e; Ot yAwoOlKte; OtallaXSe; ova~wr1UpWvOVTat Ils TIlV avooo TOU nA LOK OTllv sC;ouoio (1981) Kat TIlV Ka8Ltpwoll TOU 1l0VOTOVLKOU OUOT~IlQTOe;

Kat OSlXVOUV on 01 nGALte; aVnnaAOTIlTSe; LOXUOUV aKollll, aMa aUTO IJS Kavtvav Tpono OSV aVQlpsi TO ysyovoe; on TO YAWOOIKO ~~TIlIlO

-11 KmaOTOOIl Tile; OlYAWOOlae;- 6P~KE oplOTIKa Til AUaT] TOU IJS TIlIJ£1appUSIlLOIl TOU 1976, ~

TO 2:YNTAfMA THL: EMA6.AL: T1PIN ADO HI METAfi\QTTIIH

ME{!O, n{Jwrov

BaUixai dtara~E!,

Tlliflla Jr{!WWV

MO{!lfffJ wi! JroALrroparo,

"A{!(}{!OV 2 rA~ia wi! av()gaJ1rou. du;(}va, axEa£L,1

I. '0 ac.{Jaallo, "ai Jr(Jom:aaia rij, a~ia, wi! avO{!am:ou anordoi!1' r~l' Ir(}wra{JX'x~v 'Jlrtr/REWmV rii, Irohuia,. 2. 'H 'E}).a, axo},ouOoi!aa rou, yev,xij, al'ayvw(jiacw, xal'Ova, wi! b,cOvIriJ, tltxaiou, iJn,},wx£t r~v tpnilJwa.v ni, d{Jlivq" Tij, [J,xawalM]>, .0, xai T~V avanw~,v rwv rpthxwv axEacwv Iln:a~u TW v.!.aWl' ,wi rriiv x{JaTwl',

*

META TH MrTAft\QTTJL:H 1. 0 acpaallOr; xa, 'I Jr{Jom:aqia r'l, asia, lOU avOl!I1JJrQu anoreJ.ow TIT" Ir{JWUl(!X'%~ VnOX{!E(J)fJ'I T1/r; lCoALuia,. 2. 11 E}).!.Lba axo}.ou(}l1wrar; wv, l'EV'Xa avaY"/J)(Jw/li YOU, xavOvc, rov bl.£(}vovr; b,xawv, £'T'bu»xn r'lv [/lIrE bWIJ1/ r'l, CI(I~V1J" b,xalOif''''''''' ;roOd>, Xat 17]v ava Il'TVS'I TO)V rp'hxwl' (f",(Eacw1' jt£raSv TWV J.awv xa. rwY %!Jarwv.

n"

6.LmpOQEe; ava~£Oa crtLe; OUO aU'tEe; YAOJOOLXEe; flOQljlES 'tOu IVV1Ct','llliTOS: a, L10 xfi~lfVO t~e; D~~IOU)(~S ~,(H fcpaQ~IOOeEi to ~OVOtO VLXO mJcrt~IJCl,

0· LT~

O'1flOTlX~ 1J0Qljl~, '1 (mlCltlX~ EVLXOU 'twv ouow.ou xOlV tTJe; llQoJtl]<; XI,LOEWe; DEl' llEQtiXH TO teAIXO -v (xuOa

QcUO'llOO TiJv llQfJ)mQXIX~v - D~fLOtlX~

r71v nQwwQx",>j),

y. To 1QlTOXAl"tO e1Ii,'ll%C' 1l0U A~YOUV Of -Ir; WTOY.TOUV EVlXQ aQLe~O Tlle; ltQ
tj,nEOWmv, civa.nrug,v - 0'11l0tlX~ VlCOXQEwoq, E/£j1EOWOYJ,

aVclJrrvSYJ) .

o To 1(lltQxl,LtO tTJC; y.aOcIQEuOUOOS 'EHa; yivEta< JJ;QWto·

XALTO

EUo.oa

e. To TQLt(Y/.ALTO t'1S XaOCl(leUO'llOOe; xavwv, CHUOUXlj n;'lj Ouvuxou

rou; xovovar;

yivEta< llQOJtOXALTO, 0

amatLX~ 1lA'10UV1:lY.OU ro'll,

01,

0

W, 1'1S x08aQEUOUOCte; xoOei>, 0tTJ 0'11l0UX1j.

auvD€OiJoe;

OTOV ru1l0

xavovctl;,

XOVOVEr;,
T11

Oil)"j IOU

°

Ie KoBe eKTlOI~eUTIK~ ~£Tappue~la~ yeAolaypa'llo, 'llU01KO KopOI)OKEi. 0 r. lwovvau oxoAla~cl Tllv elooywyi) (£TIi UITOUp yia," Avr. TpiTO~ 1989) T~<; I)I~oaKaAio<; lToAOIOTCPWV ~opq>wv T~, yAwaaa ~o, aTa ru~vaOlo. IU~'llwvo ~e T~ ~rToppuB I(J~ TOU 1976 a, opxoiol KAuOIKOi ~11)c'laKovral UTa rU~vaalo ~bvo

OIlD ~£Toq>p6(JCI" To 8£~a aUTO txc, c~cAIXBci ac "OIlIlCiov oVTlAeyollevov" ylo TOU<; 8eWpIJTIKOU<; T~<; eKlloil)cua~<;,

EIPHNH
323

METAPPY8MILEIL

TO MONOTONIKO

o I. G. KaKpl~~~ OTI~ apxt~ T~~ ~EKanla~

Tau '40.

To [Ovo, hrim(!ctjJE co lfPOOW7tOV ano rij, t1Ji
on

on

M" VOIIi!;crE, OU oi ,0vO! xcii d! ,TVwllaw dl'UL agxaia i<),Tj(!ovopia pa, [ ..• J 'F.7rcvo~O/JOav, oravtxafhl co awOT/#« roD jW"pOV xai TOD p(!axio,. J:~Pf:.pOV bropivw, iyw ,TOU Db ixw T"V a!(JOT/OlV am"v biv iv/jwq 4Jopal va paOw, 17.1' Eva rpwvijEl' elva! paxgol' [...] To 1101'01' .TOU iv/Jtalpf(!OPa! va flUOw cIVIl.! va yvwgi!;w, Jroiov dVa! TO TOVl!;OjJEVOV y(!iJ.ppa. "Eva, rovo, bropE:vW, ij /!va OTiypa iJEi TOD row !;OflE:vOV '/flappaTo, poD ag'!EL Ano o~n)"l(l tOll r. Xut~u'jU)I.t lJt1lv Al(l1;)ll~iu i\ Ol]vwv, Oltw. IU!06001ji'E lJ( XQovOYQU
n.

'AJrOi xai TIl' vEwriga,. 'EWOEiwt, ovrw otapa)J,ovral co. tigxaia y.cijlcva, iJJT;obEtxvvoJu.1'OV I:ppfuwr;, Ort wvw /Jiov 'Va 7tEI!U(flOVT/OWO/v wr; Jr).qf!'l 0flOoy(!arpIX(lw {)vuxohwv. T"v UJEO roD ;t. Kai
II <1>1).OOOlj'uuj I:xul.~ AOllvWV ~lltOt!OE TTlV It£lOUQXU<~

;)iOlSll YOU Xl10'lY'lnl TTlS I. e. Kme!!l(l1l.

r"v

on

324

01 TOVOl KOl Ta nV8UflOTa 8nlvo~8IlKaV ana TOUe; IpaflflaTlKOUe; TOU 20u n.X. at. Kal XPIlOiflOnOI~8IlKaV 08 KAaOlKO K8lfl8va, Yla va un8V 8Ufll~oliV TOV flOUOlKO TOVIOflO Tile; yAwooae; (0~8ia, 6ap8ia, n8planw fl£VIl), nou 8iX8 apxio81 va unoxwp8i, Kal Tllv unap~1l ~ Tllv ... anouola apXIKou oaoEOe; ¢80yyou (oa08ia, tjJlA~). Tov 90 fl·X. aI., napoMIlAa fl8 Til Y8viK8UOT] Tile; fllKPOYPOflflaTIle; ypa¢~e; Kal OTav npo noMou 0 ouvafllKOe; TOVlOflOe; 8iX8 8KTon[08l TOV flOUOlKO, Il XP~OT] TWV TOVIKWV OTwaOlWV 8n8KT08IlK8 08 OAO TOV ypamo AOyO. To nOAuTovlKO OUV£XI08 va 8¢apflo~8TOl KOl fl8Tcl TTlv 8¢8UP80T] Tile; Tunoypa¢iae; fl8 8MxlOT8e; 8~Olp£081e; (aTovlK~ ypa¢~ 08 apX£Tuna, Yla T£XVIKOUe; A6youe;, KOl flOVOTOVlK~, fl£ OUV£lOIlT~ 8mAOY~, OTIlV npWTIl £KOOOT] Tile; KQlVr7~ LJ/Qer7KIJ~ OTa 8MIlVlKcl KOflnAOUT8VOlav~ nOAuyAWOOT], 1514), KOl oUOlaoTlKo 08V afl¢L061l T~81lK8 napa OTIe; apx£e; TOU 190u aI., 010 MaiOlO TOU 8AAIlVlKOU b,lQ ¢wnoflou. 0 I. BIlAapOe;, npoT£[VOVTOe; tva oUOTllfla ¢WVIlTlK~e; op80 ypa¢lae;, KaTapyou08, onwe; ~Tav avafl£vofl8VO, Ta nV8uflaTa Kal TOUe; TOVOUe; (fl8 Konol8e; 8~Olp£08le;). Tllv TOVlK~ fl8TOppu8fllOil npwTOe; 8mxdpll08 va Tllv anoouvM O£l ana TO Y8VIKOT£PO np06AIlfla Tile; ypa¢~e; 0 Ka8apoAoyoe; Lnup[ OWV Kovooe;, nou £~£OW08 flla «Eloaywy~ 8ie; T~V fl8AtTIlV Tiie; V£O£A AIlV1Kiie; YAwOOIle;" (1827) 08 OTOVlKO (fl8 Kon0l8e; 8~OlpE08le;), xwpie; va KOTapy8i TIlV IOTOPlK~ op80ypa¢ia. H KOlVOTOfl1a, onwe; Aiyo apYOT£pa aVclAoy8e; npOTOO£le; oMwv apxaiOTWV (I. Xpuo06£pYIle;, 1839), KavEva £volacp£pov o£V npoKoA80£. LTO T£AIl TOU 190u al. (£~apoll apxaloflou, aAM Kal OUV8l0IlTO nOLlloll TWV npaKTlKWV OUOKOAIWV Tile; op80ypacpLae;) 01 fl8TaPPU8fll OTlK£e; npOTclO£le; TOU Ka8apoAoyou NlKOAOOU ¢apou (aTovlKo, 1884, flOVOTOVIKO, 1889) KOl TOU 1000Wp[01l LKUAlTOIl (KaToPYlloll 6ap8iae; KOl tjJIA~e;, 1886) npoKoA80av £VTOV8e; aVTlOp0081e;. AVTlKpOUOVTOe; TOV LKUALTOIl, 0 18WpYlOe; XOT~I06KIe; (1887) npOOOlOPl08 Til 6aOlK~ KaT8u8uvOil Tile; aVTlfl8Tappu8fllOTlK~e; nOA8 flIK~e; we; Tle; fltp£e; flae;: «dvOl aVTlKpUe; tevocp80poe; noaa npoTOOle; [... ] n8pt TOUe; TOVOUe;», Kal «TO ~~Tllfla atv dVOl [... J n8pI8uKoA[ae; ij OuoKoAiae; [... ] oAM n8pi tvoTIlTOe; ij olaanaofloO T~e; yAWOOIle;». (0 1 XaT~IOOKle; nap£fl8lv8 untpflaXOe; TWV TOVWV, napoAo nou, £OTW flOVO QUO cpopte;, to£ll;1: va OUflcpwv£l fl£ TOUe; QVTlnclAOUe; TOU). 'ETOl, ana Tle; apx£e; TOU 200u aI., TO aiTIlllQ Tile; TOVIK~e; QnAO no ill aile; 8a unooTIlPlX88i ana TOV all flO TlKLO flo , Kupiwe; TOV 8KnOl 08UTlKO, KOl Il TUXIl TOU 8a ouv0888i fl8 TIlV nop8ia TOU YAWOOIKOU ~IlT~flOTOe;. 0 MavoAIle; TplQvTOCPUAAIOIle;, nou OUOTllflaTlKcl aoxoA~ 81lK8 fl8 TO op80ypacplKo npo6Arwa, KQT£0£1~8 OTl 01 TOVOl o£v txouv «KafllQ tOWT£PIK~ (YAwaolK~) 6~ia OUT8 Kat ouvaflll flOP¢WTIK~", 8VW apK8Toi ouyypa¢8ie; Kal AOYOT£XV8e; 8~towoav Kdfl8VO TOUe; 08 flOVOTOVlKO. To ~~TI)fla anaoxoAllo£ Tllv nOAIT8ia TO 1931 (£PWTllflQ OTI)v AKaollflia KQI Tle; ilJIAooo¢lK£e; LXOA£e;, nou 08V QnavT~8IlK8) Kat TO 1939 (onoT8 0 I. M£Ta~Oe; an£pPltjJ8 OX81lK~ npomoll TWV aUVTaKTWV Tile; KpQTlK~e; v£08MIlVlK~e; YPQflflOTlK~e;). 001000, TO TOVIKO ~~Tllfla tYlV8 yVWOTO 010 8UpUT£PO KOLVO fl8Tcl Til 0llflOOIOTIlTa nou n~p8 Il n8l8apXlK~ 6iw~1l TOU I. Kal
Yla ne; analj!£le; TOU OX£TIKO ~£ HjV a~ia Tlle; KAaOlK~e; natodae; Kal (O£UT£p£UaVTWe;) Yla Tllv £KOOOIl ~£A£Tll~OTWV TOU O£ ~OVOTOVIKO, ana Til OUVTllPIlTlK~ nA£lOlj!llCPia HIe;
if

llP.>mbellB, ITO'fmTei) .uOT
) YtNH;EWC; < lHGOV ~ XplC1';'; TOV'V10V' Aavll~ vI00~CU3pacill. i8>'o~

aepao.u. kEYEifVHcJ~llcp 1 Icroer. .... l~ croaK ~AEoEY::WHCE 'lOpP10KVJ8. ~la~

•1

"b8 '11,' 'Y'I'f'HCiE I lop 'IO\JlIap,

-t:Ol/lovC;'aAEAq>OVC: 'avTOV .'IOVAOe:' 2.E~ ;:YE\1~ \fHO'f ~loV cC\lopic;'

Y.cn.;ToV fl

or6'

EI: I1HC f

GOUO?:

'q>ap,,'A"'Y'jI'r1<""lo e""pw,,--"'pO>J!.'lI"'Y' V~'lim!lojJfa~~,~apal1' A.£· £yf\I"VHcEr1 V' Oill·

·£UoJIlscuwn'rc:dm) ~"l[t)(1i. £~+il/' 00 ',cfu'dl:t' 11 I fh '"111 fwwd1fillJ bl1b!Q.Q. ;::,~;~~.

'@WI""'

11

:llb~d·'i3"auJ.Jr'rfQ~m'j ~.:l.!~ •

I

,JJ("·i~g(TllIlC'lilrob.'tJa

l ,.

f

'aUI '~01IJlt IbiJ~] ·~mb.l ~OO3·JllI"

,

,

Y~VVtiGr.101JtcoAo.uwva·~er.J1Hf::'lov·OVPIO'J,

IIJ!OJrrO:JL'TT1'

'co>-o..l.l.6jJ':Ae."'c:yf.VVH:1e lop ·p08cC.u.- OSCCll 'lIf.' 'Y'IIJllK"! lop'ae,a.'c6,c' A"'y'W"'" 'lep r c:JO:.!OGO:' 2.:" EyipVHcrt: lcjJ )/(.:)O'oeyar ,~lcuca q.:ciT~AE 'EY~I-'VHoE.llov'I~?ciJ.t..'IQ.)pO:.u~Ae I eyey;

pt:-.lI ~:lUr·~C1UJlrI'IO:'ilm.f 'jo:::am~ JilI '~

~H(JE.loV' oJia~. lo]'1a~"'A:s· eyeWIH:rElloV'"IWC:;' aa..u.' lo.XX{lQll ~AE 'E'Y£WHO.v1o~ 'axa!:6xaJ ~l~

EY ElJ1fHot ·loV'EJ£Kiav·'qH":\a~·.Afa-;Y~IJlJllca.1ol' '..uavaac"H." .uavoO'crH~ •Af I EYftJVttCJtl1c~'a.u.Wv" J

. 'a..l.U:b;J'AE'fYE1Jp;m:/loVllox;iap.1I'~crIo<;"AE~~ YEPVl-icrEf lO}J ~lExovi(J1; "r.Olf 1ovc;' a2.e)..
a.,lop' lOJ'DI36.6>A. 'jOpol36.6>A' 11,' 'Y'IiV"""

TOll" a.etoVA. °aOlovlL "AE"'E)'i\lI.n-1 E;1o~·l:.A\a1 ","'.' >Alm,,;u' liE ',yiWIlO"lop 'aj"'p.' ol"'p I AE ~EYfWH6,·lO}l)C1oAror.. ·craAo.>K",At'EyewucE rloV' aXti.u!a,'(nlltlAf 't.:Y~~~iiGE 1o~)EA.JOVA,1 e~ AIOVA' AE"Y'W"" lo~' >A,al"p!>A,a~op'lI, 'EYEJ.1llHvEIloV· .llaT6au.'llOTOa.u" A'E'EyetIVHOll

f

Ay. TaonuvtlXII';' «T(litl] tlll!IOW
1J.l;lr'JrJrn.. ~:ai3m .lUIl"lTl· ~nllir 'amI'

rA.EjEY'V~IHcrfI1o}fBo03' U( lHc;'poxci:.e. IBool-~E • i-YEVlJHa~!'cv 'ooeHA'it:tlJiC: '~oV9. 'oUl5HA' A~' E~ Y~1J\lH6E, lOp·lcCO'Ol. rlEO"GOJ i .l~Jt~VJ.IltI'J'E)loV

J

r=E, EtUflUtllibl]~J,

rpavr:a~IT(Jt %aviva, reolITj Irvcu/lanx~ rpOopa vrpirn(1.TaL TO €ovo, 01 i;a(J",eovra , rna Jr(Jtiita xavol'l:; reol! iii:v rJTT](!i ~ovr:at rna Jr(!ayfJam, JrOU CeJroTdovv /"I)alil) ~,ifJa xai imrn'lfJovtxO xai Jr(!w
-

ludJb•• 21min:Jdab t aJil r';0lIlir1n:Jqron.

~ ·lICIVlAllop'Sa01;>"'a.'lIav,N:'.,'o' 8MIAf.'" '"

EAlfJUi.o~ [lUvi.Oll~

f;.w(J(J[xa llrlf!c(!ya, 1932 ['1970, lJ, 60J,

ob '{lOt- Brnlli['~III1Jm; =,J.~'C:I .([lrr,]rrm'(Iu~.I]lJdJo·aur(m gcmur ~.u .... l C plNr((J 'tt'3l1ram ~ oc m-Jru!lr. .1"."UCCO •• lt~lNn:o'a{llolo,~rnut[lora.'" fJrJ"{lUt'g.t ~. ",A. ' : ' . •

paAci:!l.'ollJpollae' 11,' 'YWp"",(JOp'HOo
•Noaacrci:lp).A e.' tyEV~H
"r' .

Ma DeCl iJ7COV ~1:.T1/iia JrLO rpavliJ.io, 0 Jrflpa)'OYWfJO, rrl<; rovo/lavia, /la, Eivat 'I Jr(!o()c(T1/ «(/0', 'Eytvc aJr' rr/1' "c1, (d(Jc - (Jc)'" Eiiw Jrta iiev irpvyc xaviva, TOVO" ywn iiE:\l VJr~(!Xc xat xaviva, yw va rpuyCl, .. , EJr(!mc O/lW, Xt' am'l Tf ).£~oV),a va rpo(!i(JE/, iva xcurcJ..aXt, uUfJrpwva /lc TOV avo'lro %avova JrW, JrqiJrC! %aOc U/;'1 va Ctc! bav TiWO [... J r'lv ciiiarc r'lv «Jra(!aiiolITj"; 0Xt fJifJaw, nunifJw fJa).· ),01' JrW, diiarc T'IV Jra(!afJialITj rlJ' JrlX(!abolITj'.. ,

, 1taBfetn' ,J(H ~ gL'nlllf 'rallttOn..· SJfnlOn ~~mulr"ob<1b;,,(r"rmb.'r..;b([b·..au!Cj

ruUt ",nrC. rjl'cffc r Jamn

'gL1liUl

'!:3' .:oo.:\»

I. ~.ln.~J

·o..JUldt rcglm..'wJtIJJ'autnn
era. qUi. fl~lC'\"'2IC. C\:' ;X'0 ~S11",rrW 'iJirr"\;;cunr' roro-5.·lR bcJOl P\1u.a:;·~[·jbi~IT1-' '.SltLJ'Jllri"Gcnuir <

.Ifa.rBf;z

"1ll[(m"6(Jllli'~!O~J.Pt:a(

,.t_r~.I·.lS J."J-'1r.j.b

.. }'ofa

T1tJir~O)rl1m..l~·Jw:an"~nlljrOlo3"

rot 'Joan:>;";1 'sen,," 'w,0J.',&b'j'il

·!: • nUll "o"rrifmi'nlnonc 'wbylonifJ, '0

"fJ

!p9-'rr5frni6Tano~tOO.bytCir:'" 11;01. ~ 'llJU "¥"luI "t":1l'So
Irov, fJaOv(J'[oxarrr:ov, Jrov mtxa),oVvrat r'lv avayx'l va tJtcuxo)vvOEi, fJE TOV, TOVOV, J<(Jt ra revc'l)fJam r'l, xaOa (Jcuoll(Ja;, ro Jri(!a(JfJa (Jr'l w)Jn/ r'l; a(!7.aia; y),w(J(Ja" (}a ;ra(!(J.T1IU1i(Jw /lc (Jc{Ja(JfJo JrW, rrr:'1Y It(!aYfJanXOT'Im OLin; iiuo "e(Ja arov, JrEV/ina aIrOlfioiroll, TWV FV/lva (Jiwy /la, bt1i iiwfJrl.~oVV row a(!xaiov, avyypaq Ii, rno Jr(!WTOWJlO. ,'rIw ),oorov JrOV 'I a(!7.alOfJa()cw TWV EAA~ l'WV EivIJI ;rliJ.iLTOV avuJraf!J
WO·YWyll 'TTlI

JICt(I((,Q\l.ml tOC

AOYOllltFf)i TIl<; II£.OO/)ov tOil KUQtrlTlou, t\ O~vu. 1948, o. Vfn',

'GOluH·rn..:utiJn.l~lbJl1·\ll.lf(' !}Q1.WI[

la~ 'TOKmp.IIOKWB',Ae·£ytPllHGl:r lO~'lwO'lI~110V f LJ.Coo,ljarob ',)uum ~£lcnuil<:Yo(cpboo °ciVApa' .uapio~ .rE E'Hc;~tYiV1lhall' IHcov<;ro' AEyO ~tum'rn.3nc:fo, ~qua~f1'Jn~t1t '!CfUi1'q .u£V0c; I XPlcn-O\. "wci.@ "'OVV;01' YE~ea1'qrr6<{a~ "\\Je:a.f't~.·~·Il'.o1'15t~onwf~ C. I .8pOCX.u 'fO,)~·AavtA,·),~pfQl· e!':OT£>Gd~rr.umt6nonrbilbyr{'nlB: • YfV~oir AEJCaTtoO'opec;.' KCD'aTI011H<; ~ .L1ITolt:Eai~ -gfutnor\3' xpICrrov,-Y,'P'cD '11" II£'Wbylollbl'l1'llIld'rjim:-,;nor KQ'T"f;60apEC. ,lov -Af' IHuOV~XP1O'TOVJ~.:.r.W~ ruoz.dwnL ~Q:dl] "'ilU1On '~rnaQ~; • ~ OVTOJ,: Hp, • J.#'l:'''''vetiaH, 'yaJ',.r~,' UHO 'fU:'mll,l:umelT" rrplvoH' O"VVe>... , timJ "fTl.ar1a" iofcpb:' o1nu: ~ if; , l:un.utJli5" • aE"IVr~OV\> f EVpEeH:)e~ IY06TPI"EXOvoa\E~ rmc'ITlUCl'lU 'd1~n 'ruro ~ bgbcnJlO( ... IDVEV .uaTOC;~Q)'10V. "1c&)dl'U~ ~AE) 0'1: avHP r Cl'\JTHC - rpiriru'~_.':liofcpb'iIW01t'~,~"· :).I·kalO' 'my,"K01 t .uH T9EAwN 'avnlV ~UJapa.AE1y' 'Olm 'Clf,,'ilillue"C1 ·""u.:['cIi'~~. .uaricrm. tE£oVAHOH cJ\Qooa ·a:rroAvarn cip"'avn;"AiYQ)p,'11D 'iIpparuu "in'(omnia 'iofq>b' oicill:'j1o .

o
ell,:

ot;

I

,

1\ ,

/

KOfln~OUTEvolav~ no~uy~waol1 £KlIool1 TTl, Ay, rpatl>~, (1514 1522), ITO tiJIl1V'KO KtifltVO Til, KalVlj<; A1a6~KIj<; "an~~ f10VOV tV TOil; no~uou,\),6601l; A£~to, KEpofa "POOI1PT~el1."

iIOPiOl: E. MOPOl:

325

H rAOIIA

IHMEPA

HAIAXPONIKH 41AITAIH THI EMHNIKHI TO c~wpoaT£; £""~VIKO, ~c TiTllo Of EAAl)v£e; KOf I) KAl)pOVOpla TOUe;, alTo N, r,avva66K~.

H ;O ITOU A.Taynbee

Koa~Ei

OITC1KOY;~CI

TOU TOU ora TOV

Mov {)oO'P«, ayevr1]wi ipi).OL, va ygaljJw aE J1l(J. yAdJaaa Jrou J1li~imL J1OvOV ano II£glxa ixaroJ1J1vgw avlJgdJnwv. fI(I{I' oj! ailnl, J1La ylwaaa nou /J1J,d:raL ini {)VOJ1LOL 1.1 J.ui{)e<; XglJVLa xwgi, lIwxoniJ xai J1 J OilXUJTE<; lJLaipo{JE<;. 'Jl fwgaJ.OY'l aimi, paLV0J10'lXa, {)LalJTa01J aWLl7TOLxeL xai uri]v iJJ.tXOnvW/llWXiJ mOP/fa rij<; xwga<; J10V. nov elVa! fll-;.I(!1i oi: b.W01J xtiJpov xai anEpavnT OE lxwmT xgOvov. Kai ro ava,/,it!w 0XL {)Loi,ov yLa va v:rcg1]cpa vwlJa; ana yLa va ⁢w ri<; (jvoxoiJ.£<; :rov aVnJ1ErWni~fL Eva<; JfOLl)rry<; orav XgI)OLJ1oJfou:f yLa 'rIl mo riyevrTJ)liva ngaYJ1ara ri<; i"c51£<; JisEl<; ,TOU Xt!7JULJ10nOLOVOav J1La _«Jr t;e oiiu Eva<;, inavaJ.aJ1(Javw O'ITE EvLl" nov va J1iJ ypaqrrl)xe ,Toi1] 01J uri]v tJJ,'TVLXiJ yi-6Jooa, Na Ti elvaL ro {JqaJ.o (Japo, :rar.>ac5001J' !rUV ro 6pyavo avro OJTXOJVeL. To :ragolloLa~fL rivayAvcpa ry via !:}J7JVLXiJ :roiTJ01J.

on

Ol)~,(ro€US Ehjt1j;,

«t\oyo<; Imiv' )(Ulil\1"U Uis Et )():&/lll;».

'Ev AwX!O, AO'lv« 1.992 (1.325·7.

Ql. 0PXLO£ va OiV£L £~
H yAwooOAOYla ana TIC; apxb; TOU 200u

llpi;w va (!7rovc5aowJ1e xa}.im:ga riJv apxaill yuJ. va xara}.a{Jov{JI: riJv iorOpLXiJ asia nj<; c51]J1lmY-ij); [ ...1 Fgaipw rryv ~OL1'" y}jj)aaa rov }.aofj, iYrav iJ tJll/JOTlX7j J1a, c5iv Exel J1La ii41) !fOV J1ii, X~}f/attTal, .mipvw ni Ai~1] aiTO riJv rigxaia xai Jrgoa!falJa; va riJl' rail/LaSlO J1i; riJ ypl.lJ1 J1auxiJ TOV WOV, naV\~lS

lJ.'1I):141T];.

"nQo"oyOS' 17tO Tat;ic5, J10V, AlJ'jva 1888.

326 t""" : .

. ..

.'.

~".

'_ .

~

mov M£Oolwvo, onlY O[YAll Tile; We; YAWOOOe; TOU nVEUI10TOe; OTllv AvoySVVllOll, OTllv K081SPWO~ Tile; We; YAWOOOe; Tile; OIE8voue; EnlOTll 110VlK~e; opOAOyloe; KOI mllv lCJ)(U nou onsKTlloE We; m[olll111 yAWOOO Tile; v£oe; 8PllOKElOe;, TOU XPlOTlOVI0I10U. Ana Til 010XPOV1K~ I1EASTIl Tile; EAAllVIK~e; npOKLmTEI Ooq,we; KOl 0 V € w/oe; xapaKTF7pae; Tile; EAAllVlK~e; yAWOOOe;. MlAWVTOe; YIO EVIO[O E'\'\llVIK~ yAWOOO (npolov Tile; OIOOOKOAioe; Tile; LXOA~e; TOU rEWPY[OU XOT~ti5QKl), EVVOOUI1£ OTl 0 1010e; AOOe;, 01 'E'\'\llv£e;, mov [OtO yEWYPO q,IKO Xwpo, TllV EAMoo, I1lJ\QEl xwp[e; oloKon~ 40 OlWVEe; TWPO KOl mf aile; ypOq,EI-I1£ TllV lOla ypoq,~ (ana TOV 80 n.X. m) KOl TllV lOla op80 ypoq,io (ana TO 400 n.X.)- Tllv [ala yAWOOO, Tllv EAAllVIK~. AUTO O£v OT1I10IVEI, q,UOlKQ, OTI 11 yAWOOO TWV 0PXOlWV E,\A~VWV dVOl q,WVllTl KO, YP0I1110TlKQ, OUVTOKTlK6 KOl A£~lJ\OYlK6 [ala KOl onopo'\'\oKTll 11 yAWOOO nou 111A611E KOI YP0
nEploooT£PO mil O~AWOll

PHI TWV OOI1IKWV KOTllYOPlWV

P...k..,.-j H'J'llIlrlk"s lr;slItUli (KOTOA~~Ele;, CJ)(1l110Tlm1KO

J~~~!lt JL JIZ. 1. OTOIX£lO, ¢8oyyoue;, K.T.O.)

Kat A1YOTEPO mle; [Ol£e; Tle;

OOl1lKSe; KOTllYOplEe; (XpO

Propeft~ CIt 1M Reoc~1tS of It» lJr""'er!J,1ty t;lI CaI,IClIlI.! A:lr1tjt\t1r!'$..f"< YOU, nOlou EVEpYElOe;, q,w 'f'tJis 'Q:~k. may only be used for noncommsr1:ial '!IthQW1'y :~I"I/IJ(llIC:'$. Y~lr tIQhllo rt(Y.~ MId UII8 ltus cl!$ll ,:" il;.~JlCled by l/U.llhl!~1J, lilguae G!'OOC;)ll l..JeMIs.e Agl@8'T1et'lt. v~e;, EYKA[O€We;, mwoEWe;,

op18110U, y£voue;, K.An.). EIOlKO

CORSI10bS000 TEpa mo AE~lJ\6YlO, nopoAAllAO

rrpoc; Tllv w/-6iwof) A£~EWV, rrou orroT£A£[ q,UOlK~ 110P¢rl Tile; 10TOpIK~e; OUV£X£IOe; Tile; EAAllVIK~e;, un~p~f.: Kat £up£loe; KA[110KOe; ava-a/waf) apxolwv KOI rro,\OlOTf.:pWV A£~f.:WV, Oq,ElAOI1f.:Vll OTO «f.:mmpoq,IKo KlV~ 110TO» TOU OTTlKl0110U (OpXOlOU Kat BU~OVTlVOU), TOU K080Pl0l10U (KOpo'iKOU KOl I1noKopo'iKou), Tile; OPXO~OUOoe; KOI Tile; K08apEuouoae; (OUOTllPoe; KOl anMe;), y£yovoe; nou £~OOq,OAlO£ mllv E'\'\llvIK~ 10lQIT£Pll KOI nov80110AoYOUI1£Vll OIOXPOVlK~ £vOTllTO. ?8

' l

Ta oW/!.mui JfOi111ara Jfpwwypa
r...]

R. Browniug, 11. 9. 13.

If l1(;Oaiwvu,~ xai via UJ"IVI%~ yAwlllla,

o OffiIK6<;

1jJ~'l'IOK6<; ~iaKo<;

nOVCntl1T~~jou

Thesaurus Linguae Graecae lOU

Irvine l~e; KoA1'l'6pv10 ncplAo~6avCI 6Ao TO

OW~a~EVO tpyo ana TOV 80 n.X. ewe; lOV 50 ~.X. m.

Prt·!MS:I~by

Cornpilouio:)~t992

11 0),11 iUTjVlXi, yJJjJIl(Ja Jfat/afJd)J,£rai JfPU; apxaiov JfOlVllln'Ocrov 11i:'la(!Ov OJfEP, ami rwv apxaiwv xPOI'WV og()wv !fJrapEV01', I1crat/pvOpi(Jnr; 110I'OV uvar; xafa 'Car; hamOTE avaY"ar; vrpior:aro, 1.1' r0 O1!l'oJ.w opwr; ra a(!xaiov uxcJwv, ~roi ." xlim; xai at Ugn;, (jiWll.JljO" xaUjj;. [lalla bi, apa pU.ErTj iifv Ovvarai va Y/;VT/Tal aJ).wr; ij wr; IlVvoJ.OV xai JTa(Ja iiJ.lTj igEra(JI.• in'" (juvara, IiJJ.wr; ij wr; jlE()oiii"av (J({,aJ.pa va 7.allaxrTjpwOi/. r. XUt!;UJl1Zl" "n Ql Tii, brl(JTII~IO\'I"ij>; livayxlj>; £vil>; '....SL;
iEQPilOI Mn.AMnINIQTHL:

327

H fJ\OIIA

IHMEPA

TA EAAHNIKA TnN OMOrENnN t\E::::lJ\OnO micQC
H mo

~l£yahl

A'('IAlXci market box floor s/Ove

-:),),-AflEQlX. maree/a baksi flari

H),,-Auo'Q. rrwree/a boksi floTi stota

En-!\ovcivou mareeta poksi flaar kuka (cooker)

EH1']vlxa ,wv O~LOYEVWV 0'1'] yaAAocpUlv11 XOlvo,lj,a ,wv BgUSE)'WV imina: wav8(Jw
MOPOt\OflKA MNEIA i basket-oula: "aAUet

basket-aki: xal,al:h i [riz-aula: 1/iUYEW 10 f!ar·aki: Ow/dl2LOfla 10

LW EAA~VLXO. HuV 0flOYEVt;JV w'u ayy),oq:;UJVOU XOOVou Efl CjJa\,iSOVWL (Jvxvci aY'i),l){E~ ),£t,u~ on~ 01l0iE~ EXUllQOOl:E 8eL En~Vll{1i ){ma)dlt,~.

LYNTAKTIKA 6ANEIA

L1O- EIJc1lvlxa 'wv 0flOYEVWV IOU UY'!AOCPWVOU XOOflOU JT.U QO'uola~oV"tUL OVXVa

llQ08EOW; rrov CEV XQ~(JtflOJlOLouV"tm ou; ((VTlC:1TOtX,f-t; CU.tl"lXC; EX( Qit~fl;. n.):_ - To orrill IIOU Elvm"ci,'w
Ai\i\AfH KQ6TKA

noni'~ "QO"t6:ou~ 1lfQtEXOUV UYY)'l,)(E~

lJ?fl;.

- Kat n OEl,uS, love, '11 Q1;.H(,("J.

- My COl/sill lives o,~v lJ.Auoa..

Ie JTOlOV 0a OwaELS 10- roses; - ME qJwvasE boss a,o 'iQ(J.[jlELO 'au.

°

Ava~V~aT(K~ tK~oa~

v,a r~v tKT~ £T~0I0 xopocon£pi~a T~c; TWV HTlErpWTWv "Avoytvv~a~-IoUAIWl'llJlJa", Nto YapK~, 1939 (Ae~vo, l:UAAOY~ E.A.I.A.). Opyavwo~c;

328

H EAAIlVIK~ dVat Il yAwooa TWV 10 8KaTOI..li.1Upiwv KaTOiKWV Tile; EAAa oae;, TWV EMIlVOKUnpiwv, TWV BOp810lln8lpWTWV Kal ~UoiKa TWV 0110 y8VWV, nou 6PlOKOVTOl 8YKOT80TIlI-lE:VOI one; HVWI-lE:V8e; IloAlTd8e; Tile; AI-l8pIK~e;, OTOV Kavai56, OTIl NOTIO AI-l8PIK~,
mo npooepQTIl KOl 01 'EMllv£e; £K£lO£V npoana80uv va aepollolw80uv OlIlV £UPUT£PIl KOIVOTIlm, Il onora aAAwoT£ o£V £v8appuv£1 TIlv £vOWllaTWOJl. Ana Tllv aAAIl n!lEUpa 10 EAAllvonouAa nou napaKo Aou80uv nOAAEe; wp£e; oloaoKaAlae; EAAIlVIK~e; £Xouv np06A~llaTa npoooPlloy~e; Olil xwpo aUT~. L£ O,TI oepopa TIlv uep~ HIe; EMIlVIK~e; TWV OIJOY£VWV napQT11Pou VTOl ouo XOPOKTIlPIOTIKa epOlvoll£va: o. oMoy~ lOU YAWOOIKOU KWOI KO (code switching) Ileoo Olav [010 olaAoyo KOl Olllv iOlo npomoll. (KGl 1l0U rptpVE:l AouAouolO Ylo va n£t on elval sorry) 6, H EAAIlVIK~ OMOIWV£101 uno T11V EnIOpOOIlTIle; KupiopXIle; yAwoooe; we; £~~e;: UIO 8£10UVTOl 0101X£l0
To EI..... ~VIKO KtVTPO, Paddington Street 16-18, "ov~ivo.

ITO wpOlomTO OLITO KTipIO, OT~V KOP~I" TOU "ov~ivou, EYKOTO'

oTa8~K£ TO 1993 TO E.... iI~VIKO Ktvrpo. To KtvrpO OUTO l~pu8qKC

~C 1~IWTlKt<; ~wp£te;, ono T~V £.\.\~VIK~ KOI CiI .... ~VOKUnp'OK~

KOIVOTqTO TOU Aovi5ivou, KO' apXloc VII ....CITOUPVEi TO 1994.

KUplO<; OKonOe; TOU EivOi nO....ITIOTIKO<;, VO oUVK£vrpWO£I, i5~ iloi5~, TOUe; ~latjlopOUe; £.... iI~VIKOUe; ou....iloVou<; TOU Aovi5ivou KOI vo npootjltp£I ovnou<; xwpoue; V'O ~POoT~PIOT~T£<; £........ ~VIKOU cvi5lOtjlepOvTo<;, cK8toCI<;, ~loile~£Ie;, ouvou....ic<;, 8tarpo, Kiln. 1i5lOiT£pq tjlpovTii5o exc, ~08£i OTI<; OViIVK£<; TOU Iuil.\iIvou TWV Ntwv, OTOV onoio exc, nopoxwpq8£i tvo<; OAOKilqpo<; OpOtjlOe; lIC1TW OTTO TO IOOVCIO,

o

"tmo~eptlO ono TO t~WtjlU""""O TOU

6,6.. . iou TOU Hugh Gilchrist, Australians and Greeks (T. I : The Early Years), 1992 (H ouv8taq tivol TOU N. Michelides, Greek-Australians: In Their Own Image, National Project Archives).

EIPHNH
329 -

•

.. -i111

H

rAOrrA

rHMEPA

41E9NIIMOI 01 a,£8vlaIlOi ~1£UKoAuvouv T~V £nJKolvwvia aT~V lloAuvAwaa~ Eup6.m~ (auv£~pioa~ aTO Eupwno"KO Kolvo6ouA,o. © Euroki nissi).

EMHNIKH rPM>H

.-

"".

-

-/:.

-

-.

QNHTIKH rrA
'1

til

v

[/1

(J)

[0]

au

[aJ], [av)

EU

[e11 rev]

'IV

[if], [il']

Y lJ

[lJ]

IJ

[OJ

[y],

Uj

X

[x1 [r]

pr

[b1 [mb]

yr

[tl],

yx

[g],ITfg]

yy

[,/g]

l~

[dz]

MIKTO LynHlv1A

~

LllS8VlOI.lO~ OVOI.lO~STQl 11 M~1l nou oaVSi~STQl I.lla yAwooa, SITSlO~ ana VTO as nOAAt~ YAWOOS~ I.lS (nap)OI.lOla I.lOP¢~ Kal OTlI.lao[a, nx T1")J.i: epwvo, telephone, telephone, Telefon, telerono, KTA. 0 nOAIKo aVTi8STo~

["al

opo~, nou TdvSL va KQ8lepw8d, dVQI 0 S8VIOI.lO~, ollAao~ I.lLa M~11

AATINIKO L:YITHNIA

'1 a

II

0

W

0

0

if, av

aa

au

e1; ev

ea

ea

if, iv

'111

a/,av e[, ev if, iv

fa

y

y

gIl

gh

I>

I>

dh

dh

(}

0

Iii

til

x

x

ch

ch

b

mp

b

mp

d

III

d

nt

g

gk

g

gk

g

gg

g

gg

Iz

Iz

Iz

Iz

A. AvaaTooJ(il5~-Iull£wvi~~, «Proposition pour un systeme de notation eVou de translitteratlon du grec modeme en caracteres latins», a. 47-51.

330

I.lS oLa¢op£T1K~ I.lOP¢~ OTI~ e8vLKt~ YAWOOS~: rrpoywpa, ayyALKo breakfast, yaAALKQ pelil-dejeuner, yepl.lavLKO Frlihsllick, LTQALKO colazione, LGnavLKo desayuno, oAAavolKo ontbijl, PWOlKO sawlrak. o SAA11vOpwl.laiKO~ nOAlTlOI.lO~ sl.l¢aVi~STQl IOLQiTSpa 011l.laVTlKO~ OT11 olaI.lOP¢w011 svo~ KOIVOU AS~lAOyiou loiw~ TWV eupwna'lKwv Aawv, a¢ou aTOlXda aVTAlll.ltva KQTS~OX~V ano T11V Apxoia EAAllvlK~ KQl T11 t\aTlVIK~ l.l8TtxoUV aTO OX11l.laTl0I.l0 TWV ~Oll noAuOpl81.lwv ols8vl0I.lWV, Yla va KaAu4JOuv TQXUTQTa KQl anOTSA8Ol.lQTlKO aTO SITim:oo T11e; KQTO vOl.lao[a~ T1~ onelps~ SITIVO~OSl~ TOU av8pwmvou nveul.laTO~ KQl OT11 8swpia Kal aTI~ npaKTlKt~ s¢apl.loyt~. 01 ols8vl0I.lO[ anapT[~ouV O~flS pa ma tvo ons8vlKonol11fltvO AS~IA6ylO IJS unsps8vLKO xapoKT~pO, nou 6pioKSTaL OTIl 01088011 OAWV TWV yAWOOWV KQl npoo¢tpnQl Yla YOVlfl11 flna¢uT£uOll· ElolKOTepa 11 Apxaia EAA11VIK~ we; YAwooa nEplwn~c; npofl118su£1 ano Tllv Avaysvv11011 ~Oll oe YAWOOSC; flSYOA11C; smppo~c; Ta aTolxda yLa va OXllflaTlaTOUV ols8vlOflOi, 01 onoiol OTO I.lsyaAlJTSpO nooooTo TOUC; anOTsAouv opou~ SITlaTlll.l0VlKWV KQl TSXVlKWV AS~IAOyiwv, n.x. aVnBlOTlKO, UIIKOmE:pO, KuBE:pv'7TlKrj, T'7ltiypaepoc;. Eival OUTOVOIlTO OTl OSV T11POUVTO\ SITaKpl6wc; 01 I.lOP¢OAOYlKOi KQl 011flaOloAoYlKOi KO VOVSC; T11C; Apxaio~ EAA11vlK~e; KaTo T11 011l.ll0upyia TWV OI£8vl0I.lWV, s¢ooov aUToi nM8ovTol ana OTOl.la nou OSV dVQl ¢UOlKOi 0I.lIA11TSC; T11C; EAAIlVlK~C; 'ETOI 011l.ll0UPYOUVTQl u6p[ola, o11Aao~ At~sLC; onou ouvu nopxouv tva apxo[o £AA11V1KO KQI tva AaTiVIKO OTOLXdo, nx. lele-vision, 1') KQl At~SIC; nou oe 8a tnAa8av 01 apxaiOl 'EAA11vec; yLa va KaTovoflo oouv T11v iOla AX. avaKoAu4J11· n·X 11 Nta EAA11VLK~ OaVdOTllKe Til At~11 IilKpoBlO ano T11 yaAAIK~ At~1l microbe, nou XP11OlflOnOI~8'lKS Yla npwT11 ¢opo TO 1878 ana TOV Pasteur fls T11 Ollfloo[a IilKpoopyavlOlioc;, svw aT11V Apxa1a EAA11VlK~ 8a ~flaiVS opyavlOlioc; liE: OUVTOlilJ e;wrj.

EAA'l vLXCr

rcQ~WVLXo.

AyyALXo.

fOAALXo.

YEWYQW:pta pae'1IWrt%Q.

Geographie Malhemalik Piidagogik Psychologie Theologie

geography malhema/ies pedagogy psychology theology

geographie malhimutique pidagogie psychologie thiologie Braun

na«'jaywyt%~

x

1/J v oAo yia

OWAoyta

hOALXo.

!OltCtVLXCr

geograjia geograjia malematica maternalicas pedagogia pedagogia (p)sicologia psicologia teologia leologw - Sehaeder -Volmerr, 1990.

H ulo8ETTjOll ana nl NEa EMllvlK~ TWV ol£8vlOflWV nou anoT£Aou

VTOl ana apxaia £AAllvlKO OTOlx£ia EX£l we; anOTEAWfla Tllv aU~IlOil OTIl OUxvOTIlTO £flepCrvLOIle;, Ka8we; KOI Tllv £navaopaOTIlPlonoillOll Opl OflEVWV OXllflaTlOTLKwV OTOLX£lWV Tile; EMIlVLK~e; AX aVTl-, auTO-, 610-, yaoTp-, l]AeKTp-, uOP-, uTTep-, rpWT-, -Aoyia. OL ol£8vlOflOi fl£TaepEpovTOl OTIl NEa EMIlVLK~ fl£ OUOTllflaTlKa Tpono, oUflepwva fl£ Ka8opLoflEVil aVTlOTOlxfa avofl£oa OTa OTolx£ia, AX anti- > aVTl-, xwpie; va T£8d O£ A£lToupy[a lJ£TaeppaOTlKOe; IJllxaV10IJOe; 'ETm, IJEOW TWV ol£8vlOIJWV nou npwTo£flepaviOTIlKav on] laAALK~, AYYAIK~, KOl I£PflavLK~, 11 NEa EAAllvLK~ naipv£l Til p£6ove; OTO epOlVOfl£vO TOU oav£Loflou. OL ol£8vLOflOi nou n£pLEXoUV Eva TOUAOXLOTO OTOLX£io AaTLV1K~e; npoEA£uOlle; 8ETOUV O£ £epaplJoy~ flllXavlOlJo OaV£lOIJOU, npoK£LflEVOU va ul08£T1l80uv ana Til NEa EMIlVlK~, nx tele-vision: Tl]M:-opaol]. E~OAAOU, av 0 ol£8vLOIJOe; £iVOl nOAUA£KTLKOe;, £nl6oAA£Tal mlnAEOV OL£U88T1l0il OTIl O£lPO TWV opwv avoAoya fl£ TOUe; OUVTaKTLKOUe; Kavo v£e; Tile; Ko8£ yAwooae;, nx nuclear energy, energie nucleaire, nukleare Energie, nucleare energia, TTUPl]VIKi) evl':py€lO. npOOepOTWe; £KOIlAWV£TOl, OTO ITAaimo malAt:e; At~£Le; flnopouv va napoumooouv ollflamoAoyLKee; anoKA[O£le; lJ£Ta~U 10Ue;, np6A. TTepmaTlJTlKOC; (rf!IAOOOrpOC;), peripatetic, peripateticien OTO A£~tAOYlO 11le; eplAoooepiae;, aMo KOl peripateticienne (lep60ouAo~) OTO Y£VlKO A£~LAOYLO H1e; laMLK~e;

fa,

ECIE •V. -CB::IE I. tCO· «Maison, biens domestiques»

Graphie moderne de ceco-, grec olxo- (ex. ol'Ko06~oe;

[oikodomos] «architeete»), de OLxoe; [oikos] «maison, biens».

EMPR. Econorne (n.), xlV',gree olxovo14oe; [oikonomos].

tco-

2. «Habitat, milieu nature)"

Extension de 1. Eco-, PROD. Ec%gie, 1874 (O?eologie. alle

mand 1866, Haeekel) tcomush, 1976.

- REM .• Dans eeotype (d'abord allemand, Turesson) eco- repre

sen te eco{ogique: de meme dans eeopro/tine, 1971 (Marty).

ECTO· «A ['exterieur, externe»

Du grec h16~ [ektos] «au dehors». PROD. Ectocarpe, 1842

(eclocarpus, 1819, Lyngbye). EClOderme, ] 375 (anglais

1853, AUmann). Ectoparasite, 1883.

·EcnQUE Formant des adj. correspondanls aux noms en

-exie, par emprunt au grec-fx111e; (ex. XClXEXTl1; [kakhekle,j,

de xClXft,la [kakhexia] «eaehexie»). V. -exie

-ECrOMfE «Ablation ehirurgicale [de tout ou partie de

I'organ designe par Ie formant initial]»

Fonnant tire, d'apres -willie, du gree £X1014~ [ektome] «am

putation», de £X1E,llV(J) [ektemn6] «je retranehe en eoupant».

PROD. lride ttom ie, 1823.

ECTRO- «Congenitalcment absent ou nOD developpe»

Du gree EX1Q(J)0'1J; [ektr6sis] «avortemeot», de b,1L1QWOXW

[ektitr6sk6] «j'avorte». PROD. Ectromele, 1832 (Is. Geoffroy

Saint-Hilaire).

·EDRE (et -tDRIE, -~;ORIQUF.) «A plans, a faces planes

[earaeterises Oll nombres par Ie [ormanl initial]»

Gree -£ogov (ex. l£1g6.00gov [tetracdron J «tetraedre»,

EUclide), substantivation au neutre des adj. en -fogoe; (ex.

n;oAuEOQOe; [poluedros) «aux nombreux sieges», de EOQa

[hedra] «siege, place, base». EMPR. Thraedre, XV]", cf.

supra. ADAPT. Po/ycdre, 1690, gree n;o),uEOQOe;, cr. supra.

PROD.lleptacdre, 1772.

01 c:lu\nvLKi:c; pii;ec; \ y.i.0cO(l

0'l1. ya.'-~

To 6,6Aio TOU H. Coltez, Dictionnaire des structures du vocabulaire savant, eivol tva Ae~IK6 ~e TO ax~vaTJCJ1'IKO aTO' x£ia TWV eTTlOT~~ovIKtilv 6pwv T~~ roIu\IK~C;_ IT~ a. 128, OTTW~ KOI a£ TTolJ,tC; OAA£C;, au~6aiv£1 oAa TO A~~~aTO va TTpotPXOVTOI OTTO T~V EU~VIK~.

ANNA ANAITAIIMH - IYMEONILlH

331

H

rAO~~A

~HMEPA

AANEIA THI NEOEMHNIKHI o 60V£10I-lae;, £'10 ona TO 1-1£00 OVOV£WOlle; TWV yAWOOWV, £ivOIll OnQ

~

~~s~~~'il'~~~;~~~~~~~;b!::!L~POITllTllKOL TOnooMll1O o~uyavou Tll EnIBiWOT] YAWOOlKa 0111-100L YIO OT£VWV WOq>WV Tlle; KQL N£O£AAllVIK~e; OX£O£WV TWV V

N£O£M~'1wV 1-1£ OAAOUe; AOOUe;. H N£o£AAllVLK~, anWe; OAAW

OT£ KOl aA£e; 01 wpwnOlK£e; yAwoo£e;, O£XTll K£ 1-1£ EI-II-I£OT] ---..... woq>~ Tllv wiopOOll ouo KUpiwe; yAwoawv 1-1£ OI£aV~ OKTlVO BOAlo KOI n£plwn~: Tlle; 10AAIK~e; ~011 ona TOV 190 ot. KQL Tlle; 200, OTO O£UT£PO I-Il0a TOU ono[

AYYAlK~e; Kuplwe; I-IEOO OTOV

ou wLKpm£l oV0I-lq>iBoAO Tl wiopoOT] Tlle; AI-I£PLKOVLK~e; To npO'iaVTO OTO YAWaOlKa w[n£oo TWV Woq>WV OUTWV 0'10 I-IO~OVTOI 00'1£10 KQL m:pvouv OTll N£OsMTlVlK~ I-IEOW TWV olyAwoowv OI-lLAllTWV. To 60'1£10 I-Inopouv '10 TO~IVOl-lllaOUV O£

noMEe; KOTllyopl£e;, AX OTO 01-1£00, OUTO OTlA06~ nou 11 1-I0pq>~

Tc~nA6 CUTOKIV~TOU.

1. Tr~ovi ~ 60>'6v. 2. MncuTov Tq~ K6pvc~ ~ TaU K>'6!;ov. 3. MnouT6v Tq~ ul~c~. 4. KOVTtp. 5. "'£6It(~). 6. t1lcK6mq~ TaU unou~i.

7.

npl~a.

TOUe; npOOIO£1 TllV ~SVIK~ Kmoywy~ TOUe;, nx KO/.mIOUT£p· 010 I-I£TO ll'POOTIKO, Mov 0I1AOO~ 11 'lEO AE~11 npoKum£1 ona I-I£TOq>pOOT] Tlle; ~£ Vlle; AE~I1e;, n·x· oupavO~uOT'7C; < OI-lSPIKOVIK~ skyscraper OTO OT]1-I00l0 AOyLKO, Mov 0I1AOO~ I-ILO A£~11 £1-Iq>ovl~sL '1£0 OTlI-IOOIO we; onOTEA£OI-I0 60v£LGl-loU, nx KaAumw (0111-100l0YPOq>IKO EVO y£yovae;) < to cover

H oQoAoy[u to\) uutOXtV~tOU nEgU,a!J.Pavn ltolJ,o. a!J.wa

Mvna uno 11'1 foAl,tXli, ytUll to Bavnu EQZOVWt a.m'> to

E~UJtEQL)(O ,LLUSl !J.E to vEo aVlLXE41EVO:

OTOUe; 0Is6vI01-I0Ue;' OTO OVTlOOV£IO, OTlA06~ A£~SIe; nou Tl £OSMTlVl K~ TIe; oov£IOTllKS ona I-ILO yAWOOO, 11 onolo Tle; dxs oovslOT£I ono TTlV Apxala EAAllVLK~, nx Kavantc; < yOAALKO canape < AaTlVIKO conopeum

Iaoi, xaQoo£Q/, flOgr /lJrayxci~, /lorie, ;
< Kwvwn£iov. oovoJra(]£ov, a,llOerwEQ, ~civra, oapnetJ..a, /lllaTClQ{a, 01;£·

H N£O£AATlVIK~ oovslaTllK£ ono Tll 10AAlK~ KUpIWe; A£~SIe;, TO hQarEQ, eE: Ee{3a, o,J.avoti, eE~Eg{3oUaQ, xClQ,lImQarEe,

eni8111-10 -t, nx navroq>M: (nanouTOl), KQL TO ax~l-Ia Tlle; nop06sOT]e; ,uovaYE, llwrov4 vrl~£" xai.oI}LcpiQ, ,u:ru!;.a, 1,--rOV!;/, xav

rea'll, ouva/lo, mvnH, yxcil;l, a/L.-rQay,at" vrr.";TQayuit,,

ouo OUOlOOTIKWV nx ra~i61-aoTpam7 Ana TTlV AYYAOOI-I£PIKOVIK~ h{3'E" wwr.).o, {3oAciv, /li~a, 'f'Qivo, xOVTig. A%o~1I1 Ail·lf

oov£lOTIlKS KUpIWe; A£~£Le; 01 n£pLooOT£p£e; OOV£I£e; AE:~£Le; dVQL to (l\)"tQ'l.lVTP:O ElVClL ow QEAavr£ Xat govTaeoU,lLo

on

on

OUOLOOTIKO, £vw Alyo £lVQL TO wi8no KOI TO P~I-IOTO KOI aKOl-lll AIYO

EVa "EO C1uwxlvllW.

Tspa 10 OKAITO, n.X I.mal pnal' < AYYAOOI-I£PIKOVIK~ bye-bye I H Nso£MTlVlK~ O£XTllK£ TllV W10POOTl Tlle; IOAA1K~e; KUp(We; OTO AS~IAOYlO yuvQlKdoe; 1-10 60e; , KOTOOK£U~e; KOI OIOKOOl-lllOTlC; KaTOlKIOe;,

IKOp:

~·lE 16/20·

XIU-a

l
ayrlplKo OTU),;

Il'1 G. TO

AOTjvur;, 'OTaV

11

(Jiu 1
%6 XUTUI1
l1Ur; crltEl1lUllTli XOT()ltOUA.OU J.1E 1UJt 'QU TTl J.1£VTU. KOQUlfllio Qacr'IVtlQlOI-lQ

y

u

UEWV. J.1E aIHpla'[ll<£ aUVOiClElr; Tunou Tal!Tar; 9aA.IlClI1LVtOV ITE aVUEQO ~d"OUTi 'l'clQltOV, l«ll EUl)llJ.1QTLxoi U\JV/)UU(JIlUI UA.LX(UV

(It.-X.

lflllTlUVO; IlE OltIOt
1
1-I0Y£lplK~e;,

6WI-IOTWV, YP0I-II-IClTWV KOI T£XVWV, T£XvoAoyioe; KQI

OaAlll-1OTWV H AYYAOOI-ISPIKOVIK~ snllP£oo£ Tll N£OSAAllVLK~ OTO £l-InOpiKO KQI Tpon£~IKo A£~IMYIO, OTO A£~IMYlO OaAllI-10TWV, 1-I0y£l pIK~e;, T£XvoAoyloe;, oloOKEOOOlle;, 1-I0i50e; (KUp[We; OVTpIK~e; ~ unisex). YnoPX£1 oV0I-lq>iBoAO I-ILO OIOA£KTlK~ OX£OTl 0'101-1£00 OTll OT£p£oTUm K~ £IKOVO nou EXOUV 01 NSO£AATlV£e; Ylo TOUe; roMoue; (Iolwe; Tle; 10A Alo£e;: K0I-lt/JOTTlTO, SpWTl0I-I0e;, 811AUKOTTlTO, KOAALT£xvLKOTllTa) KQL TOUe; AyyAoue;/AI-I£pIKavOUe; (npOKTlKO nv£ul-lo, t/JuXPOTllTa, aoBapo TTlTa, £mOT~I-ITl) KOI OTIe; AE~SIe; nou oov£I~ovTol ~ OKOI-ITl KOl OTTl I-I0P q>~ TWV A£~£WV aUTwv.

Ta oov£La 1-1£ Tllv £10006 TOUe; OTll N£O£AAllvIK~ uq>IOTavTQL Konolou dooue; npooaPl-loy~, ol1Aao~ aq>0I-lOIWVOVTQI oro V£OSAAllvlKO au OTIl 1-10, npoYl-lo nou o£v oxni~£ToL 01-1£00 1-1£ TTlV T£ALK~ u108ETll~ TOUe;, n.X. 0 TunOe; KOprTIOUrcp EX£I uL08£Tlla£1 ono Tll N£o£MllvLK~, oMo 6£'1 £X£I npOOapl-I0OT£[ I-lOpq>OAOyIKO. npooapl-IO~OVTQL q>WVOAO ylKO, En£LO~ OL 1-I0VOyAWOOOl £V~ALKOL 0I-lLATlT£e; £IVQL «Kouq>ol" O£ ~£va q>WV~I-IQTO, nx aapnptAa < chambre a air AKOl-lll yLO Myoue; yAwooIKOUe;, t/JUXOAOYlKOUe;, a.MQ KQI KOlVWVIOAOYIKOUe;, £IVQI ouvmo

ncp. Eu (M610~ 1997).

332

lIav£la 0"6 T~ raHIK~ Kal T~V Avv'\aa~£pIKavIK~ a-ro '\£~I.I6 Via TWV £v~u~ilTWV Kat TWV U
KaWWQVTiva, y"a,UJrClQVTtVa, xanClQrtva, xCl,unClQrtvCl. To aHAo . w aHAo, aHM., CtA),a XCtL 0 aH),o, - 01 aHAoi.

LUS owxWavoEIS 01;~ flOQCP~ ,wv OCtVElWV CtvuxCtlOJ{ 11 Y),WOOlX~ CtvOflOlOYE\'ElCt ,wv O~ltJ'l1t(ilv, XCtL Ol rrmxi),ol itaQayov'ES nou us itQoxaAo'Uv cpavEQwvoUV 'l1V rro),u:n:Aoxouj,a ,~S OW01'Xao,as lOU OCtvEwflOV. A. AVaOl:aOlaOllLUI.lEWV[ol1. NwloylXO, oavEw,aoS, a 28.

'QL~l'1:CtL

Ol CtrroXQwoELS lWV XQwfla,wv O~AWVOVl:m 0'll NEOFA;.~ 'XUQlwS fiE MVEl(/. arro HI rCtUl1<~: a"al;ov, (3EQiwav,

VllC~

va npooapllOOTOUV 1l0pe!JOAOYlKO, OTlAaO~ va KA1SOUV, av aV~KOUV as KAITa Iltpoe; TOU Aayou, n.x. TO naltro - fa naMa, YKPI aMo KOl YKpi~oe;, KaSWe; Kal va napouv Iltpoe; OTO OXTlllaTiOIlO napaywywv Kat ouvSt TWV, nx. ra~i -; ra~lr~f]e;, KQllnlV{;e; -; 1t0urpOKallnlV{;e;, E:Mr --; E:ltlri OTlKOe;, Ilnap --; IlnapQKI. Kma Kavova TO IlTl npooaplloollsva 06vsla anoTsAouVTOl ana 8va IlOVO llope!JTllla, aVSE;OpTTlTa ana TOV aplSllo TWV llope!JTlllaTwv mTlv E;8VTl YAwooa, nx rpaKTzp < yaMIKo tract-eur. H aOlaovsla aUT~ TWV oavsiwv Ilnopsi va OOTlY~OSI TOV IlOVOYAWOOO OlllATlT~ as napoulloAoyia, OTlAaO~ as GUOXOlOIlOUe; aoxsroue; IlS TO £TUllO TOUe;, npOKsllltvou va OISUKOAUVSsi Tl anOIlVTlIlOVSUO~ TOUe;, nx· Bae; rupi < yaAAlKa Vache qui rit o oavsIOIlOe;, nou 018nsTOI ana ouo aVTipponse; OUVOIlSle;, TOV YAWGOlKO SSVIKlOllO KOl TIl yAwooa nsplwn~e;, SiVOl UOIOAOYIKO alvopc:v() TWV YAulOOluV Kal osv npsnsl va sKAall6av€T0l we; oE;sia ao8tvsla nou nptnSI va ansuooullS va TTl SspansuooullS. AKOIlTl, Tl NSOSAATlVIK~ osv uiOTaTOI «sniSsoTl" ana TTl laMIK~ KOl TTlV AYYAoallsplKaVIK~, aMa KaTasuysl G' aUTSe; ana SE;WYAWGOlKOUC; Aoyoue; Kat 0XI AOYW OIK~e; TT]e; avsnopKC:lae;. Omooo, TO ollsoa 06vsla Tr1e; NSOSAATlVIK~e;, av Kal KaAumouv OIwaVTlKO IlIKPO nooooTo TOU OUVOAIKOU AsE;IAOyiou TTlC; KOi 1l0Aovon osv snespav OOlllKec; aAAayec; OTTl NSOSMTlVIK~, smoupouv TTlV ll~vlV TWV Aoyiwv, ylm! osv siVOl Kalloue!JAaplolleva. Avalle!Ji6oAa, IlWC; , Tl KaAAlepysla TTlC; NSOSMTlVIK~e;, KaSwc; Kat ilia nOAITlK~ npOATl4JTlC; slvOl ouvaTO va nsplopioouv TO OaVSlGIlO OTIC; GWOTee; TOU OlaOTOOStC;. ~

a

(3wli, Y%QEva, Y%QI, [Xal, l(3ovaQ, xa,ur;),O. xarp£ (0),£), "QE,a, lv.a, fl0(3, ,a;rEI;, flJr~E (aaQ£v), /lnoQvro, jJ.n[J'" , JrEQO>
LlEV Elvm em)"1 Un:OeEO'~ '1 o.VE'UQE011 ,ou [""'.lO'\!, EL'E 'ILCHL au,o ,([~va xO),O~Wfl£VO, rr.X. aovrdv < ya.iJ'l'Xa saurien gorge, EiTE yLm, qnavfL a'll NEOEiJ,.l'JVl~~ ~tEOW fllClS UAA11~ yA(DOOm;, n:X xa7tlll'T < '!CtUly.a happy end < O~LEQ~"a.vLxa happy ending, EL'E 'fAas YlCl1L liE XQ'10lj.w:n:OLE[,m :ila OTYI YA()JOoa a:n:o lTJV orrow rrQOEQXEWL, Jt.X f{CQ,llovae' -(o), ),lxa fenn.oir, EVW ani fa),ADo1 XQ'lOlf"orrO"Et,m oiwl'OO TO !ermetl.lre (eclair).

LlA FfA ADO TI-1 rAlv\JKH KAI1H AlfAOAMEPIKA, IKH ITO AEJAOflO THL: KOYZINA~ 1U;{Vl% < yaA),rxa pique-niqlle < oyy)xxu piCilic I;di < yoUly,a gelee CafU!ov < yoA;"xa jamhon. %Qovaoav < 'IU).AlXo. croissant roar < ayyALy.u toasl rams < 0.r"'(JlXCtVlXa. chips

ANNA ANAHAIIMH - L:YMEONI6H

333

oriAJ;>dll '0i\3rij3>10lln 01 nOl Uof)
J;>>lll,OldLu>lOdOX 010191 'OriOli\f)O 10>1 "glD\fJi\A" '''Orl;>8'' Oi\OdXglnDlIOi\]3 O]3XlOlD 0i\3rigOODl -odu 01 J;>i\XnO ']38\fJ,(UQ Oi\ DlA )133;>'( )3d31gAl'( 10131J;>\3dX "glO\fJi\A" 01 J;>>lli\3A l1g nOi\;>rioQ3\7)UOudg
"O?i\" 10>1 "glO

-\fJi\A" 3D )UoolgdU)Lu UO\fJi\J;>Ado i\Ul 3rl131U)urlno "Ol'(gXo" - "orl?8" U]DlJ;>lQ U );>do
13 0]3X10lD 01 13X?1O>I i\Ul )\fJ8~AnO Uo?8 ul<;Jdu i\Ul ')Uo]U30138i\f)0 )<;J>I1J.DrlrlodA 1Oi\]3

t'££

'(\7)tJllD 0,l.3ri]3Y.OllCl (513~?'l u) 5T{3y.000y.mj D031.~mlJ1 01 lOX (£) "lux> ~orimo01qoOOlt ]ox'U'01il.loihn 10 1ll"]3 S(1)1I9 'Sno09 >;JY.1,1.31. 5;3,m,X3 3D llOD].103 m13"]1. ,,(1)3m;llOOlt MTll SO'I?l m~ ')olimo01qoOOli ~0y.umluoo11!3 ~oy.ll"miuo >;Jy.moodJoo -U'(JI muo00>;J10UJI (z) ll1D 01"3 '0"3l~3X01Ul Dl SaOl ~~tJ1 '901£ ,\U131i 1J)l"OY'(1?gOOli (O'DY. (1) S130>;J100li 5110 'X'U 'SuODl901I Slu U030 ~Y.1Y31 my. ~J{1XOO "lllO 0)3X)Ol.O lm<\O~ ']"01 D,\ lDY. 1ll1M'(,\,?gOOli D" SDlU191llMq SUlll.Oll101I01~U llollyli "lI,lD 1ll1l3Y'/"? \lOlC1U ClO"?ri'l3Y. a01 mlu903,jD H

~ )13];>'( );>'('(OU guo ~QO,(UQ 101i\OlD)i\nO nou 'O]3XlOlD "Od31f)dog" 101i\f)01380UOl )(1')8~i\no )0'(;>1 OlD <;Ji\3 ')13];>'( )3A)'( guo 101i\f)0'(31 -OUO nou lodg i\nOi\J;>grlO'(OlO>I i\Ul Oi\

6snS'U ::1:11dO«>dHVll 'ht O£:S - 9 a~ '"hi O£:S - 9 '!' '~'T! Z ,'T!'lI 01 ll :i

'"Ti'~ O£:S -1i'll 01 DIPV

:1U1l3D;JlDllODlC ,,(1)1 530}r11t 511 ;J1D)I

'T!'T! Z ,'T!'lI01 U:i

"T!'T! 9 -'T!'ll 01 UU-3V :50)A.3I1.0113'( 530(5,

i\nOi\]31 UD?8 ul<;Jdu i\Lu 'OrlAI3Q

-l,ldou O1J ')0'(;>10110>1 UO;>8 ul<;Jdu I\Ul ~QO,(UQ ')Uo019du )Ul )130?8 )?>lllI\OrlUo OIU Of)Q )llD nodg )g1\3 UOU1?80UOl I\Ul I\nol\f)dd081\3 nOli )311\0Al,ldou 101\?rlld~13~IAnD AnOXdl,lllA 'O)D3dlO8no 10>1 131\]orlUo 1\3Q 1\(1')]3XlOlD 1\<;J>lOlODlOdu 1\(1')1 UOU1?80UOl I\UIO 0]d38n3'(3

H 101\]3

')Ojl\\fJi\10>llll3 )Ul )3>1Al,l1\0 )110 Od31f)'(O>l 101i\0i\!d>lOUOlI\0 l1g I\f)OlDd>llU3 )?rlOQ )31OllJ;>>I ~ O1OUJ;>>I O!OllO 1\01 DlA )oAg'(

0

'~>lI'(AAV

U 101\]3 )(1')ug 'l\(1')dg l,ld130 ~dUlDno 3rl )300<;J'(A )?'('(OU 30 ~lU3dllU3 ul\gri U J;>>lllDDlOnO 101\]3 ~noQ ~lno DlQ)

i~q ml( (530n011tOtm lOX Urx~1~) 50)d>ool.i,,'(gl\!

'\tX1DI1.OT! 5nrtl,u,llOOU O:Uu.9lOMg It 1D130}d)D001!

(1),,3 '~D"" Iut\lOln'(d'd lLI.}T!(1)"D}..oO 01W9 '53
Uili191D""'llJ.unil9,031Cll aT! 1II01l-0J JlK'l-<\iJ9"'>nt"'

'513D;xx"h
HOY3AAv, 1\01 13)l)rlnDB DiIJIV, H

'501l~.L ~dllKlI.mul~

~QO,(UQ J;>ll\OllO nou 'l,l>l110110lD 13f)Xold3un nou J;>d130 D}rI 13Xdl,lun

5\lAe31g 0

'DJdmll/.O>UI1q 5\lAe31g 1l1D~~ll VItllXIt'(1!X3 :lX>lAOXO)og DS ~0"'0X
Xu '(I;I-d-A) 01\3rl]3>1111\0 - oril~d - 01\3nJ3>10Un :101\]3J;>d13D Ud3lD?10d>l -lU3 U ')08J;>ll )jd(1')X 10>1 Ojrl3du 3rlI0131l,ld
l3 )oAg'( a 1\00g ')130l,l10du );>>lll09013rl )?>l11uAd31\3 )31df)>I )110 '1013, 'ooo<;J'(A UlD od319I\Xno

Uoolgdu )noQ]3 38l,l>l 30 '1\0;>'(ll1U3 '1011\0ll;>'(90dll 10>1 1011\0ll?dllll3 l,l>ll1ud(1')38 nou )?lnO guo )?rloQ )3d31gA1'( f)'(ou 1011\f)010uOrllOUdX

(j7)

'oOnl!lD OA!-teV AIUD 5~y.1Dno~ S\tAOWJl~ 5tu ;JlgaO:O It YUillX 11.01I9 0091X OlD '5J))~301; 53;',!-teMD Sp"ng' 9lUl5~x1DooT!5~X'DO'(X ()XD)g "DA} 'iJ3ADX 13D900ico D" o:Uu.91D""'Ilu 13X~ODli US '5luc91oa3 5\tx'DO'(x 53X\1e()XD'g 53A;m(1)03T!1tA3 uo 319110U 511 9J!D 1l1T! ',.M1
u3J;>dll I\UlD f)0
'OO}T!lt "lu 1t'(9'nx ;J",o3TIl.ttlnx \UX'OAIl 'U")3 0 9 u(\OlW)V Ml !aojJV" It 'aO'(nou9 01ltIll1J.Cl1\rT!ltv OOCIO{lJV AI.u 9llD 1lAU";nro '~,l.uooJ> no1 ~X 013"9 h01:i (Z:)

'O,{$J;> OlOUl,l>l 30 UOO]lD3 U ~ n0]3X1010 n010Ul,l>l ~'(090du U '~'(OlDDlQllI\O U 'U]U'(U>I? U 101$3 )(1')ug ')OJI$1')1\1O>llU3 )~>l11>13'( )Ul )3>1Al,l1\0 )11 gllO 1011\0f)3d

'oiJnl.}Y'l OlD )3i.il11.0113'( O)3'«(1)lI01'(g'g 9X1Di1.OrI-A(1)W)g DlIUlD9lDX OlIll19il:lc D",L

-oAoun nou 1\(1')30<;JUnlI\3 l\(1')d31JOIQ1 1\(1')1 )o]Adn01ri UQ )3lUlglol\nQ

(I)

)?>l11l\orluO 13d;>lD10010du 1\(1)1 OjDUI\l>ln3 U'(l,lA3rl U '0138]1I\V 'O'(9d g>ll1orlrlodA 01\;>1\0>1 J;>>l11001OnO 131jOU 1\3Q )~>I -1I\U'('(303N )Ul l\(1')dg 1\(1')1 J;>d13D U ')(1')I\;>rlou3 'l,l>ll1orirlodA );>l>l3QOUO nOO]]3 101$3

U/I?Y3 /lUI )Udl~rlUV 0 :JDUl1r;>AV 10>1 )Udl~rlUV 0 3011llr;>AD

Ui\?Y3 i\Ul 'Ui\?Y3 i\Ul 30Ul1l)AD )Udl~rlUV O)(1')ug )13Dl,llOdu '1013, '(~>ll'(MV I\UlD 'Xu) l,ld130 ~dlllonD 3rl )300<;J'(A )3'('(J? 3D 131\]Dgnno

)\fJug ')130?8 )?>l11>101l\nO )3lDO]90douo 10>1 )31\?rlld>l3>1Ano 3D 01\?n3Q l,ld38DlD 101\]3 1\3Q Oj3XIOlD l,l>lDlOOIOdu 01 ~QO,(UQ ,UDDlgdu I\UlD 13X -?1O>I nou Uo?8 Ul gllO IXg 10>1 )Ul 9>11lDldul>lodoX 9>11Ao'(01 0]Adnol13'( ~>l11>101I\nO 10>1 ~>l11orlriodA

H

')Dl39jd>lo 10>1 )oj31'(3n3 )U'(J;>A3rl )Ul 013'(?ln'(oll I\Ul 10>1 orlJ;>l\no )\fjrig 13d?lo'(un'(ou 1\3rl 13QJQoodu )Lu nou 013X10lD '()~>llI\U,(,(3 )o]oXdl;l )Ul )O]Unln'(ou )Ul O13X?l\nO ~>lldOlOl 13'(31Oll0 oJouo u) )ooo<;J'(A )Ul ojAo'(o
guo 1013'2J'(OcjJD01Q l,uno 0]d38n3'(3

H '()1309d
l11orlOI\O )llD Xu)

0'(01\f)0 J;>>l11>13'( )nOd?nlll3 OlD 1\(1')33?'( 1\(1')1 10>1 ~80>l '(nOI\?nI3>1111\0 10>1 )olDn~d 'nOI\?n13>10Un Xu) )uo01gdu )Ull\(1')dg 1\(1)1 9d130 UlD ojd -38n3'(3 U'(l,lA3rl13U?dlIU3 'oJoXdl;l U 10>1 )(1')ug 'ooo<;J'(A ~>llI\U'('(303N

H

nDIIllOW OdVJtrW Ol~

AO)I:ffi7 ADI HX~3V H

VIXdvel3U 10 Vld3e.uVi \ld3I'~Hl

\lllUVJ

H

nou £~rlYc;[ TO OTl KQT£~OX~V anaVTCl onlY npwHl 8toll ma n£plooo T£pa £1°11 nponlo£wv. OOTOOO, onOlooo~noT£ oMoe; opoe; (n,x. aVTl K£lll£VO, p~lla, £nlPPllllaTlKOC; npooolOpIOIlOe;) Ilnopc;[ va npOTax8£l

Mt nOtO IJiollV 4rx0flaUrE urOv XOOflO

lib qJaivo:at va ai; reo}.uoxori!;Et

ro avaOim, oi re}.avoli,E, airiE,.

Yla Aoyoue; £1l
il.JJ.ou, /la, rpt.pVEt Eva rpLJ.i

oro xpuo flirwreo n;, rcA7/~77', flEfllilOV,

/la, ~rrIlUreWVEL (/ i'!.!wra, XIlU/lflE:vOU,

ora pa/J77 rtLiv ilt1'liUvwV rou va OP7/0Et,

aV.wv flla /lv7/fl77 C£VOl XO/lluri],

Xt oJ,ou, fla!;i (}a!!!!EI, rew, fla, YEWa

(/ r!!OflO, rou (}avarov.

CO 1101

MA Of -. AllMA

I~ __:-,_ ~

°

to

K. Llljflou),a, «'AOGlo aYWl:oonno», Xaipl: !rort, (hlyn 1988, o. 53. o~ mlxm mnol ElVaL E!;aiQHo OElYl-la OXL !IOVO tile; L'V1:E-' XV1Je; xm EVaIOS'lllje; aSLOnOLlj0'le; 1'le; EVEAL!;lae; lWV oQWv, aXA.a xm l'lS SqlUlOnoL'~OTJS lOV OVUXc'lIEVOV (aAAou" "fQlXOV" a},},wv, IUOU, /lal;i) ~LE WU10XQOVlj XQ~(J'l xAm· xwv aV1Wv1J>LLWV (uti,).

~P_~Q!g_~frr~Q9.~

.. Nuxra Q(PI£PW~€Vll mov Mavo XQT~I06.KI opyavwv£L,

OTO [111.0(010 TWV £KOllAwcr£wv nou napouOIa~£l Yla n€l-lffill cruv£XJl xpOVla. TO I3ll3AlonwA£lo «OOOC; nOVOC;"

OTIC;

8.30I1Il. mo 131l3AlonwA£l0 OTllV 000 L'.IOOTOU 39.

Lll1v avaxoLvwol1 aUl~ (ECPll fl· Ehu8EQOTUJda.. 24.l0.1994) a1!ELXOVL~E1m 11 nQolLfLllOTJ va 10Jw8E10UV1aL w. rroAuouv SHa 010LXELa nQoe; 10 lEJ,oe; 1'le; ngaW0'le;.

'EXE' reoll rpvr!!WVE 1f!2WXOUvl Xt uY!!La ,lima XL [pya!;e ~ yr] ro ,Tllono r77, XUXAafllVO rw!!a 'f,w[Juiw; ;ra!;apt:Uouv Ul rOtflivra xui ra JrouJ.tlZ rei'f'TOvv v£xpa ur7jv In;)/xaflll'o. 'ExE' orov fIfJ iyave ra XitJw TaU, oi fJ UfIW; tiJJ.aptxa repiv flnoiiv uro rU,£Or1jplo rwpa rerraVf r' a:rowiyapa oi roV(!lurf, xai ro %ULVOU{i)'tO nav va lioiiv /uuJ.wr7/pw,

. l'"a~(Jo;, ./0 Elpui.i'T1JS t11S n£gfJE'p:IV1}9', q,vfIa aEflaxt ({Juoa /If I /l7/ Xafl1/).(DVn, iOafJf,

1\011\'u 1992,0.161. LlOVe; (J1LXOUe; aVlOUe; 0 nOLll111e; OESL01ExvLxa :wi~ELf~ 1TJv

EAru0EQLa Ille; OELQue; l(J)V oQ(J)v, (p(JJ1i~ovw; TlS i.€sn; nov 8EkL fl€(Ja ano t"L 1l,11IfOQE1IXES iSO!J.Ee; (PY, PYA, YP/\. YP. PAYxClLPA).

o NIKO~ rK6Tao~ (1911-1992) Kat

Q

~iaKO~ TO

naptJ),oyao£

an

XOU~ TaU nOlrrT~ Kat ~oumKJi Mavou XaT~I~QKI. H £'Kovovpaql~ o~ TOU E'iWUAAou £iva, rou AAt~q Kup'ToimouAou.

XPYLOYM MLKAPAI0Y

335 ,

-.--' -

~

-

-

~-

-

~

-

~~

H

r,\OrrA

LHMEPA

H EJu\HNIKH rMIIA KAI 01 HAEKTPONIKOI VnOAOrlITEI I£ tva a1VOIonLl,ayiTIKo

v~oi

0 I£pw~tvo<; KOI MOKaAO<; ~£ TOV

unOAOVIOT~ tn' w~ou ouvo~tu6~evo<; an6 TTaI~liI
VPO~~aTa OTOV aV~'9opIK6 ap6~o T~<; ap£T~<; Kal T~<; yvwo~<;.

H AOyof.la8,w. ,LVaL Eva EXJtCllOEUUXO JtQ&YQa~l-!a U),OJtOL YJI-!E\'O urro to ,,!VQ1;L10UtO EJtE~EQyaoi.a£ t01J 1\oyou», OtO rrAClimo tOU rrQoYQal-!~CltO£ STRIDE. Arrou)ci:L ~LCl o€IQci ~a811l-!atWv tYJS E)J\YJ"'x~S ~E YJA€XtQOVLXO urrOAO'yLOtli XCll (lLO),oYLxa 1tO),UflEoa (interactive multimedia) OE CD-ROM XaL EXEL OXEOLClOt€L yLa VCl XQYJ04J,OrrOI£LtaL
To np6vpo~~a "Aavo~oeela» tival tva l'JAeXTpOVIKO £KnOl~ellTIK6 epvaAdo oe CD-ROM Via T~V eK~Oe~O~ T~<; EAA~VIK~<; vAwooa<;. OXt~lao~tvo 600tl T~<; TEXVOAOVio<; TWV ~laAoVIKwV noAu~towv.

01 IlAEKTPOVIKOi unOAOYIOT£<; OlaKpivoVTal Yla H1V TEpOUTla ouvaro TIlTa an08~KEuOll<; nArlP0cj)0P1WV KOl Tllv TaxuHITa CJTIlV £nE~EPyao[a TOU<; rl' auTOu<; TOU<; AOYOU<; 6pioKOUV nOAA£<; Ecj)aplloy£<; OE O,Tl acj)opo HI yAwooa. 'ETOl XPll0lllOnol~8llKav apXlKO Yla Til oUYKpoTIlOIl AE~IKWV Kal apxdwv (indices) Kal Yla Til YP~YOPIl nAIlKTpoMYIlOIl KElll8VWV (EnE~EPyaoT8<; KElIl8VWV) ME Tllv EIlcj)OVlOll TIl<; YAWOOlK~<; TEXvoAoy[a<; w<; vtou EmCJTIlllOV1KOU nEoiou, avamuooovTOl OUCJT~

°

,'u{ru:

lIOV dVG1
llaTa onou unoAOYlCJT~<; XPIlOlIlOnOlElTOl YlQ nEplOOOTEpO "8~U nVE<;" £cj)aPIlOY8<;, onw<; 11 aUTOllarll Il£TOcj)paoll. 11 KaTOvollOll KQl napaywy~ KE:lIl8VWV, q uvayvwplOIl KCll ouv8EOll cj)WV~<;, 11 avomu~1l £KnOlO£UTlKWV OUCJTIlIl('nWV, K.a.

va 0XrTlfmlqotJl.!C lJUl

IIpP I ouru:

Ilp61[[Ot) OfIOftJwVvl(\llf., ~ tfl(

01 KiJPIOI 6pOl TTlc; n~(nunfK

ttvm ~Uo.

IO~K(JlrQ~

M[a ana Tl<; npWTE<; npoono8ElE<; Yla Tl'IV 8VTa~1l Tll<; EMllVlK~<; OE llA£KTPOVIKO unOAoY1CJT~ ~Tav TO KOIVOTlKO npoypalllla EUROTRA (1976-1992), nou anOTEAEl TO npWTo naVEupwnalKO npoypalllla aUTollaTll<; Il£TO
Urav KUt 10 "t'llol
1ffffJ cnoUU11l(:VO). 16(1,

336

01 m:plypa!JlEe; aUTEe; anOT~AOUV tva IlA~KTPOVIKO apx~[o Tile; yAwooae;, n6.vw OTO onolo ~mopouv KwolKOnOllllJEVOl IJllxaV\OlJo( (aAyopI8IJOl). o unOAOYlOT~e; ~KT~A£i ne; K080PlOIJEV~e; ~vTOMe; nou Op[~OVTOl ono TOUe; IJIlXavlOIJOUe; KOl ETol n€ lTuYXOV£TOlIl ~KOaTOT~ ~!JlOPlJoy~. To ypomo UAlKO, nou XPIlOllJOnOl£lTOl we; OIlIJ~[O Ovo!Jlopoe; ylO Tllv OVOAUOIl Tile; yAwoooe; ono TOV IlASKTpOVlKO unOAOYlaT~, aVTA£lTOl ona OUMOYEe; IJ~YOAOU opl8IJou au8~vTlKWV K~lIJEVWV, nou ~106.YOVTOl KOl m~lVOIJOuvml OTOV unOAOYlOT~ 660~l OUYK~KPIIJEVWV KpITIlP[WV (1l1J~ POIJIlVIO oUYYPo!Jl~e;, £looe; KSlIJEVOU, KAn). 01 OUMOYEe; OUTEe; ~lvOl YVWOTEe; we; «OWIJOTO K~lIJEVWV" (corpora) Kal 8~WPIlTIKO ovnnpoow n~uouv Tllv npoYIJOTIK~ XP~OIl Tile; YAWOOOe; OTIl ypom~ Tile; lJoP!Jl~. Ta OWlJaTO K~lIJEVWV IJnop£l va n~plAOlJ6ovouv ana EnlOTlllJOvlKO oOKi IJla IJEXPl KOl ouvmYEe; 1J0Y~lplK~e;. o unoAoYIOT~e; 6£6010 OSV IJnop£l npoYIJOTlKO vo «KQTOVO~O~l>' IJlO !JlUOlK~ yAWOOO anwe; TO ~MIlVlK6, ylOTI Kon T£TOlO npo(jn08£T~l y~vlKaT~Pll yvwoll KOl KaTovolloll Tile; KOIVWVlK~e; KOl !JlUOlK~e; npoYIJo nKoTIlTOe;. H ~~EAl~1l OlJwe; TWV iOlWV TWV unoAoYlaTWV, KOl Tile; yAWOOO Aoyiae; Ka8we; KOl OMWV ~mOTlllJwv. oOlly£l O~ VE~e; KOl ~vOlO!JlEpouo~e; npoomlK£e; OTIl OX£OIl TOU unoAoYlOT~ KOl Tile; yAWOOOe;. 'Evo olllJavnKO npo6AIlIJa nou ovoKum~l KaTo Tllv m~~~pyao[a Tile; YAWOOOe; ~IVOl Il 01J!JllOIlIJIO, OIlAOO~ 11 nOAAonM ~PlJllv£io nou 8TIl OtxovTOI OPlOIJEVSe; A£~~le; KOI OOIJ£e;. H OIJ!JllOIlIJ[O £lvOl nOAunAoKo npo6AIlIJa YlO TIlV EMllvIK~ KQT6. TIlV IlA~KTPOVIK~ Tile; OVOAUOIl. Myw TOU nAouOlou KAlTlKOU Tile; OU~IJQTOe; KOl Tile; lJ~y6.AIle; EA~u8~p[ae; nou 8TIlTp£nEl OTIl OEIPO TWV opWV Tile; npomolle;· Ol OUVIl8£oT~p~e; 1J0p!JlEe; OIJ!JllOlllJioe; £lVOl a IlIJ0P!JlOAOYlK~ 01J!JllOIlIJIO: TWV Ka}.wv: YEVlK~ nAIl8uvnKOu apo~vlKal 81lAUKO /ouotu:po. 6. Il A~~lK~ alJ!JllOlllJia: o oKorroc; £ivai KO}.OC; oKorroc; iJ.[;}.(;Joia/¢poupoC; /oroxoC;. y. OIJ!JllOTlIJio lJ£pOUe; TOU Myou: E:iVOl Ko}.a: KO}.O: mi8no I mipPlllJa. O. OIJ!JllOlllJio ouvmKnK~e; ASlToupy[Oe;: T) w ooo i:¢£PE: TT) llT)xavr] W TO VEO £~apTr]llaTO:

TO LYITHMA AYTOMATHL: META E),),'1YLxa. To rrgoygof.l~(( E ROTRA 0),0)(A11gw8'lXE WV Ll€)(I\I~QLO tQv 1992. To a1l0'lEAW,lClliwv oXlloao tva ),WOl'Q';'IXO :TQol av, 000 '1 O1JYXgOl1)O~ EVa: !l:OAUHflOV EVlCllou l)),ExtQOVlX01J yAWOOL'XOV OgX€lOU fiE XOLVEC; JIgooLa'!gaq>EC; XaL ylCl tis EVV£(( y),waOEC;.

eo.

To IT£PL01)IK6

Ram £1~IK£u~tvo

(J£ et~aTa ~A£KTPOVIKWV UITOAOYI
i 17 OlloOO i¢£pE: T17 iJ.17Xavr] XP1701jJorrolwvrac; TO via E:~aprr]llora. ii 17 OIlOOO i:¢E:P£ Tr) ll17xovr] rrou i:XE:l KOlVOUPIO £~opTT7Ilam

E. OIJ
i ii

0 0

otllJOOlOAOYIK~e;

AElTOU pYioe;:

n£plypo¢r] TOU ouyypa¢i:a: ouyypa¢i:ac; £X£l rr£ptypotjJ£1 Kan, ouyypa¢i:ac; £X£l n£plypa¢c:i ana KanolOv.

H

YAWOOlK~ T~XvoAoy[a S~SA[OOETOl

ouv~xwe; OUOT~IJOTO ~pyaoi~e;

nou 80

601l8~00uv

payooia KOi ovamuooovTOl aTle; K081l1J~PlvtC; yAwoOlKte;

1J0e; ia"

LI!\IA B PONIOTH

337

H

,AOrl:A

rHMEPA

nEPIOnPIAKA IAlnMATA Ana TH fi\QTI:A TQN NEQN

flrll ixava a;ro vwpie; rrrjpEpa. EiXa 51:VVxn/r1E!

"n£pI8wplaKO IOIWflalO" £lVQl yAwoOlKte; n01K1Ai£e; nou anoT£AouV

trpO

aKpa[£e; n£plffiWO£Ie; K01VWV1KWV olaA£KTwv. AvanTUOOOVTQl fltoa O£ u:raOOlJua va XQVA.cLpW pE xaOE r(J(JJw. Mov T:1J u;ran ;roo

KOIVWV1KO n£pI8wplaK£e; OflOO£e; 01 opaOTIlPlonlT£e; TWV orlOlwv Tie; Jr(Jbm va 5V;I1'lIW vwpie;. 1'0 irgwi ri;rora ~E pE q)ucLXVE~

TOIT08£TOUV KOITOT£ £KTOe; VOflOU. 01 YAWOOlK£e; TOUe; OlaqJop£e; 1\'Y'iWVOpa! yta.ri av blY rpOauw ortJv w(}a pOV oro 01.0

).££0 Oa ra axouuw. Etlit:xa tJ XaOl]yt/rpux trov C-iOOP£ "IV

A£ITOUpyouv we; oUfl60Aa aMllA£YYUlle; KQl Ollfl£la avayvwplOlle; 1r(Jwrq wpa poo rtJ MVEI. To ,Tai/;EJ. aout1](Jr, xa! tin oro

TWV fl£AWV fl£Ta~u TOUe;, Ka8we; KQl olaqJoponolllai]e; TOUe; ana Tllv /lan epiva XaL rov XOMI/rO pOV. AUE trOU /l£ rove; {laO

unoA0ll111 KOlvwvla, npowa nou OUVaflWV£1 Til OUVOX~ TT1e; oflooae;. povr; trOO {Ja/;n /:xn p)-LJrCil!£1 oJ.I/ 1/ ra5tJ. 'Eva, {W~o,

XapaKTllPIOTiKO napao£lYflalO n£pl8wplaKwv lOlWfloTWV £lVQl 10 pOV, atro fl£'1a).UrCf!tJ ra5tJ, JrOA.V rpa07] avOgwMc;, pOU

Elm; orl ro ;rai/;n ni{Ja.

KouTOa6oK1Ka ~ Aa'iK~ YAwooa nou fllA181Ql ana TOUe; 1l0YK£e; (yKOW; llto ,TOJ.V opW'; /l£ xourpaivn paOT]/tanxo,. Eyw xa! voe;, AUreI)Tt:prj: lIoyaplQojJoe;, I) jJoaoa, K.a.) KQl TO KaAlapvTo, II XOM1]rO, /l00, opw, rov T:l/V xavapc yv(}!orJj oro &aywV!·

apyKo, oIlAao~, TWV 0fl0qJUAO¢IAWV. Ta KaAlapvTo, nou £lVQl flla nM u/la. Al'T:L'/(laljJap£ /lla ;ro).v /;eJoJixonj a;ravrtJuq XU! axi

ualJE. Arpov wrofJtJua xa! eyw. Tov xavapc Ul!!J7rtJro xa!

Pile; YAwooa, xapaKTllP[~£TOl alTo IlUOT1KOTIlTa, II onola £~aaqJa.A[~£TQl lW(!i, muax! paJ.tora.

ana IOlQIT£PTl npo¢opo, TOXLJTQTIl 0IlIAla, £IOIKO WllOVIOflO, KpUnTlKO >'.at

°

°

r. TlJil.'oC; - J. XaQaJ.ll,mOlW\lAOC;,

«H "l;fVlJ" YA~HJOa twv v£wv~, E
AE:::IAarra 11]v ixava: S(mvtJua

KovJ.a!!w: Mivw 7/JvXQaLi-/O,

ME pnap'£!: Me exvcvQi/;CL a,Hci xa!,uE XOJ.{A6.QCL

Mov r1] bivn: Me E>tvcvei/;n

To trai!;£<: [JoQloravCL >tan nov OEl' dvCl!

KoJJlJro,. [Joku orEvo, rpi},o,

&xo, /lov: [Joku aycOltJro<; i-/0U, OLxdo,

EivaL rpauq: Eiva! ,,0.1.0,

NrifJa: MeVpo, VlrEQoxA,

KQl auv811flaT1Ko A£~IMYIO (novw ana 3.000 A£~£Ie;) nou avaV£WV£TQl ouv£Xwc;. Baol~£TQl OTIl ypaflllaTlK~ Kal Til aUvTQ~1l Tile; EMIlV1K~C;, £VW TO A£~IA6Y10 npotpX£TQl ana £At-llV1Kte; KQl ~tv£e; At~£le;, aAt-O fl£ OlaqJop£T1K~, ll£TaqJoplK~ £vvola. n.x. wrowoe;: aaTU¢ullaKac;, Tt:KVO: ojJo¢uAo¢/lIoe; t:paOTrje;, KOUTQA10: t:pWTlKrj X£lpovojJia. rlv£1al nAOU Ola xP~Oll auv8£TwV, onwe; ui/JojJt:Tpou: ojJO¢UlIO¢llloe; XWplOTI)e; (ana TO uljJOjJt:TPO: Opt:1VOe;), Tt:KVOXTlK10~W: t:pWTt:uopal. ElVQI O
o

li51WflOTWV aUTWV, At~£Ie; TOUe; OUXVO £IOXWpOUV OTTJV KOlVr') yAwoaa Kal VOllillon010UVTOI.

338

Ynapxouv KaL aMa ALyon;po S£KO~~£Va KQl ~UOTlKa LOLW~QTa, nou avamUOOOVTQl we; OU~80Aa a~<1>Lo8~TT)OT)e; TWV aSLWV TT)e; £UPU T£PIle; KOlVWV[ae;, onWe; £LVQl T) yAwooa TT)e; vsoAaiae; TT)e; onoiae; Ta xapaKTT)plOTlKa sivQl: a. Ul08£TT)0T) A£SSWV ana aKpa[a n£pl8wplaKO lOlW~QTa, nou O£LXVSl nwe; Ol V£Ol Ql08aVOVTal nspL8wpiaKoi O£ ~la

n.x.

KOlvwv[a nou O£V TOUe; OTT)p[~Sl. ul08£TOUV £K<1>POO£Ie; onwe; TI? 6pioKW (ano HI yAwooa TWV 1Os1Ko~avwv onou T) aVTwvu~[a TI? ava<1>£polOV OTT) OOOT) TOU VapKWTlKOU KaL £n£KTa811Ks OTT)V £uxap[ OTT)OT)) 6. Xp~oT) SAAl']VIKWV A£S£WV ~£ oLa<1>opSTlKfj oT)~oo[a ylO oap Kao~o KQl slpwv£La, KOUrpOr;: xa~oe;, xaa1/10 /1c:yaAe: KaA'" (paOI?, rpiAc: y. XP~OIl s£vwv A£SSWV nou O£LXVOUV £n[opaOT) Tile; AYYAlK~e; KQl OMIlASYYUT) npoe; illa OL£8v~ VSOAa[a, vraOUVla~w: £XW KaTOeAl!/J1? (ayyAlKo VTOOUV: KOTW), KouAopw: /1£VW ljJuxpal/10e; (ayyAlKo KOUA:

I5pooepoe;, IjJUx,00l/10r;) KQl O. XP~OT) TOU napQTOVla~OU Tl']e; Y£VlK~e; TWV OUOIaOTLKWV, onwe; IOU navemorr,/1lou KQl IOU oouAou, nou SK<1>pa~£1 apIOT£p£e; nOAlTLK£e; 8£0£1e;. H yAwoaa TWV V£WV Kp[V£1Ql auxva we; nOlOTIKO KQTWn;pl'] Kal <1>TWX~ KQl KaTT)yop£lTal OTl anelA£1 TIlV £nl8[wOT) Tile; EAAT)VLK~e;.

A6. TO

PJ..

loiw~a aUTO -onwe; KOl 10 OAAa- O£V aVTlKa8lOTO 1T)V KOlV~ as

OL x€
°

a(JiMt yxowpoflui: rpvoae{ av£,uo, a{JEJ..w aiTVa: {3ycil;w oJCUQi afJD..w axaAui: o
OA£e; Tle; xp~oele; Tile;. E[VQl ~la ana Tle; KOlVWVlK£e; OlaA£KTOUe; Kal £nlAoy£e; nou KOVOUV Ol O~lAIlT£e; avoAoya ~S TIlV n£p[maOT) Yla va ~£100WOOUV, £KTOe; ana TT) OT)~ao[a TWV A£~£WV, ~~vu~a KOLVWV1K~e; KaL nOAL1LK~e; Ton08t1T)0T)e;. EKTOe; ana 10 KOUTOo80KLKa, 10 p£~n£TlKa, 10 KaALapVTO, 10 Lo[w~a TWV V£WV, TWV ~OTOaUKA£TlmWV, TT)e; nOAL1LK~e;, unopxouv KQlaMa n£ PIOOOT£PO ~ AlyOT£pO OlarpoponOlT)il£Va nou aVTmpoown£uouv OlO<1>0 p£e; KOlVWVlK£e; o~OO£e;. Ol YAWOOlK£e; aUT£e; nOlKlA[£e; a~[~£l va ~£A£TT) 80uv, ylaTi ola<1>WT[~oUV OXl ~ovo TT)V nOAAaru\61T)1O TWV £K¢pamlKwv

Il£OWV 1T)e; yAwooae;, aMo KOlTT)V

KOLVWVIK~ OO~~

1T)e; xwpae;. ~

OEMATIKO LXELIIAIMA TOY t\E[t\OrrOy TQ MH ANOBIQ

H MTJxavl·j. XClQax1T]QlO].1.oi:

P17XavaXt: iW{Jiw, f-lIOl-: MLa ElblXlj yl.W(T!rw>.

EIPHNH
339

H

rAorrA

rHMEPA

EITIEI APXAIIMOY To KEi~cva Tau AaTEpi~ MEra~u P600u KOI ~i'PouC;, ~ETtYPCljJC ara opxaia c~~~vIK6 Kae~Y~T~~ ell. I. KaKpl~~~.

°

EE IA

H E'l'~~. 'faria, npOTllipylO

TOU KaeapEUOVTO~

AOyou.

fi, nlv
,T(!oabcJ.0pdJa uipc{!ov rlpi'j, ivD
"EJJ.1WI 'TQwrcVowa, HWl!YIOV rnpi{!IJV. n:vci pi:v 6~ ,TOlt/para rourov ri'J, OaMiITTJ' TIl, f\il'aia" JrvEi fJi: xai

rwv '/::JJ.1JVIXWV n{!al'parwv a.iTavrwv ciJOv, Curo rov {Jaal

Jiw, TIl, i\aiVlJ; ti:pxopcva rov wl'll'/iov ixclI'ov. l!1corpai

l'Ct'Ul yovy T"fJ PEv «0 pL'rat; 'AJif,av6{!o, ;lai JOf,al {JE{JVOI

api:val i, {JaOTJ TIl, i\aia,», rfi bi: pV()OI OLOV, JCai", €r'

WI' ahiwv ij airrov!'l'wv fjxovan i:v 1:p{'{!vy fj J7:QV tv Khz

!;opcvai",. xairOL roi, a{!Xaiot., OUX U), JTa{!OIXOpi:vOI,

povov xai JroOElvoi", JroJ,v, Evlitar(!i{JEl, xai cwv

;ra{!iJvTwv Eblova, i:v aUroi, aVEV{!iuxEl xai rUiv oi".rio)l'

JCOlt/UEW,.

apa ,TaOwv. OV/j"E)J.'Jl'IXO, povov ar{!oJro;; ra).aTlxai, T£ yap pouaal, i::rbmva rwv "A).JT£wv in:l

wJ.wv r~v ri'j, lwrpibo, 1CoiIJUIV fjbIJ ro& T{Jlaxoarov €ro,

~£ n£[OJlQ TWV KQlpWV, nou ElVQl JllKpOljJUXOl KQl JlUWmKO XPllOlJlOSll _ C{!otpfj i:-"dvy PcTC{!f!UO/JtaE, xai rfi ToD 'EJ.twrov I1Irll'c

VO/ID'O, ou pa Ji' avataOt/cw, T~v E{!I/piav aUrov i, TO

PIKOl. OTIl oUYXPOVll EAAOOQ KQJlIO Qno Tl<; JlOP¢£<; Tll<; yAWOOQ<; Jlo<; 'EJ)'1V1XOV xaJ).Lara pcrc,'{!w/Jcv.

OEV £XEI 06~OEI nQVT£Aw<;. 'OAE<; TOU<; OtEKOIKOUV OQV TQ «£"LOWAQ KQ in bi JrOJ.IUVOJI{:\·o, co ilJtErF{!ov fOvo, i'yvwxev oftlv

JlDVTWV" T1']<; OJlllPIK~<; V£KUIO<; JlIQ OTOAQ Q1JlQ -TO I1EPTlKD TOU<; OTIl iarll', W, xai i
~W~ TQ QPXQ1Q EAAllVIKO Ot060KOVTaI OTIl M£01l nQlOElQ (JlE TO OTQYO /ID'o" warE dJ olbE l/'VXai", B(!n:awwv m'a ivccTTJXOCa

[(lIVia, a,TO ffLu{jda, iprpvopCl'OV ;lai in i>t' iJl.;'r:EL{!iav

VOI1£TPO OUOTUXW<;) KQI OTI<; $IAOOO¢IK£<; ~XOA£<; TWV nQVEnIOTIlJliwv. ioxUovra. xai Curolpa[vEl pi:v ixaaroTE bd)rrypi:va Toi",

!\6YlOl (£UOPlSJlOl 6£6Qiw<;) OUVS£TOUV OTIlV APXQ[Q EAAllVIK~ nQlYVIQ, iavrov ori/ji:v lhToaw.J,apcvo" rp(!ovrit;El 1/' 0/10), {j,TW, ai

TlJlllTlKa ljJll¢ioJlQTQ, £YKWJlla KQl npOOAQAl£<;. Ol napQOTaO£l<; QPxai {jtrlrpoflai, iiI' rIl'E, irytvwvral, TIll' )tOLV//V IptJJav tM

ou opaJlaTO<; OTO npWTDTuno DAO KQl nAllSaivouv. «XQpiEVTE<;". OAAO xwra /JJ.U:l/'OVat, Jr(lOOvl'ovpivwv xai ilJlI»v ti, ro I1Ih1/0£.

aUr~ aJroxaOlaraVaL. r, bt, i£ ilitWTly.J/ IptJJ.a JCONrlxai",

KalllJlIJlQSEl<;, ap£OKOVTaI VQ OlavSl~OUV TOV AOYO TOU<; 11£ «£n£Q nT£ oLQlpo(!ai; OU{jEv Jrirpvx£ n:aO'"J.Elv.

pDEvTa" anD TllV QPxoia AOyoTExvla. 1:0IpOX).i'j<;, ).t'iovm .TOIIJrr" ort Il~ ayaOiJ, (JT!!arIJl'o,

H :
TWV BU~QVTlVWV UJlVWOWV, aKOUYOVTQl OTI<; EKKAllOlaOTIK£<; QKOAOU XflOV(V ,'TOII/rTJV Ov £XEl uorpunarov JTgW{JO'Tl/V «Jroarii.

J.El· timr!.'/, {j' r,JlWV r, ;rarfli, 'in, ayaJJ.rrat ).axovua

8iE<;. 'Eva anD TQ lO)(upoTEpa S£AYllTpa TOU TumKou Tll<; opSo06~ou a&rOv.

AQTpEla<; napaJl£VEI aVQJl¢l6oAW<; II yAWOOQ Tll<; AElTouPyia<; Ol aKO ;r{!oaayw Jr{!O, upil, av{j!!a i;rupavr;, rov JC{!Ea{1CVT1jv rov

AouS1E<; Tll<; EKKAllo[a<; JlQ<; anoTEAouV UljJllA£<; JlOP¢£<; AOYOTEXVIKO ;rag' ~piv TIl, pautMia, nul' '£}J't/l'WV,

TllTa<; KQl SQ ~TaV ¢pIKQA£O avoOlouPYlll1Q QUTO TO EYKOAWmOI1Q VQ rEnprION LTYAI Of 1:EtflF:PIA,mN.

ra

nz

ali.a

n"

ra

w,

(U,

arm,

Ayalt~gus'1 "[01)

HW(lYou L£(J!EQl] OE €Jtt"[~LO liLbc'cl."tO(la "tOu KalwcQl"[s (6. 6. 1960). To XE4tEVO ouy'YQa\I'E 0 lJf!OOt.o<; AyoglJ"t11S "[0" ! lavEJttO"tlll'LOU, Lancelol Patrick Wilkinson.

SUOlQOSEI OTO 6WJlO TOU O~SEV EKOUYXPOVl0l10U 0 SElo<; yvo¢o<; np£nEI va nEpl60AAEl KOSE EKO~AW01l SPllOK£UTlKDTllTQ<;. H nA~Pll<; KQTaVDl101l TWV OpwJl£VWV KQI TWV AEYOJl£VWV OTEPEl Tllv T£A£TOUP yiQ anD TO OTOIXEtO TOU avo IKE IOU KQl aUl1nQPOOUpEI TO 8PllOKEUTlKD auvaio811JlO OTIl 6aaovo TOU ljJUXPOU OPSOAOYlOJlOU. OpSDTaTa Aomov Kal II miallJlO<; EKKAlloia KOl TO xplOT£nWVUJlO nA~pWJla Tll<; Qv8lOTQVTOl OSEVQPW<; OTI<; OKPIT£<; OUVllYOp[E<; un£p Tll<; YAWOOlK~<; £KKOOJllKEU01l<;.

340

00VOOlIl0<; KOl OTlIlWTlKO<; OTclSIlK£ 0 £VOYKOAlOIl0<; Tfl<; KOSOp£U OUOO<; (KaT' ouoiov 1110<; nopOaA~<; IllKT~<;) ono HI OIKTOTOPIO TWV oUVTOYIlOTOPXWV (1967-1974).0 OUTOPXlKO<; KOI oOUVOPTllTO<; AOYO<; TWV npwT£PYOTWV KOl TWV onoAoYllTWv TIl<; 2111<; AnplA[ou KOTOO[KOO£ TIlv KOSOp£uouoo 0111 ouv£lolloll TOU AOOU. 'ETOl 11 Il£TOPPUSlllOll TOU 1976, Tllv onolo £lOlly~SIlK£ KOl OAOKA~PWO£ 11£ n£plOK£l/J1l 0 r£WPYlO<; P6.M1l<; o£v OUVclVTllO£ nopcl XAlOP£<; OVTlOpOO£l<;. H KOSl£ pwoll Tll<; KOlV~<; N£o£MllVlK~<; w<; W[Olllll1<; yAWOOO<; TOU KpOTOU<; (VOIlOS£oio, OLQ[Kll OIl , mpOTo<;, £Kno[o£uOll, 11£00 £Vllll£PWOll<;) £lX£ w<; ouv£n£lo vo m£p~o£l T11v KOSOp£uouoo ana TO nopOOOOlOKcl T11<; £P£iOIlOTO KOl vo £mTOXUV£l TO 1l0POOll0 Tll<;. EVTOUTOl<; KOl ~1l£PO OIOTIlPOUVTOl mov ypomo KUp[W<; AOYO VllOlO£<; oPxo'iOIlOU, nou o£v So np£n£l OOepOAW<; va OVTlll£Twnl~ovTOl w<; «£011£<; 1l0Auvo£w<;», OMcl OVOAOyO 11£ T11v n£plmwOll, w<; vomo}..YlK~ ovono}..llol1 £vo<; YAWOOIKOU lO£WOOU<;, we; q.lIlOV~ OT11 OOY~V11 T11e; nopcloooll<;, we; oouvoll[o npoooPIlOY~<;, we; w[n£oo uepou<; ~, T£AOe;, w<; £K011AWO£l<; £KK£vTPlKoTllTOe; KOl Olo811TlOIlOU. OplOIl£VOl WIOT~1l0V£<; Tile; nOAOl OT£P11<; Y£V£cl<; £~OKOAOUSOUV va ouyyp6epouv Tle; npoYIlOT£[£<; TOUe; O£ ~m£e; 1l0P¢£<; K080p£UOVTOe; AOYOU ~ O£ nOlKIA£e; £KOOX£<; Tile; £A£US£pOe; IllKT~e;. H oPXa'I~OUOO TOU nOTplOPX£lOU OlOT11P£l IllOV anomooll OOepOAEioe; ana TllV KOIV~ N£O£AA11VIK~ KOl OUVOllo onoT[£l cpopo Tlll~e; mov £voo~o 1l0e; Bu~oVTlVlOIlO nop6 T11 voS£uo11 nou SX£l unom£i 11 y}..wooo Tll<; £epllll£p[OOe; 'Eoria OIOT11P£l ovoAolln£e; KOIll/Jo£n£lo<; KOl [XV11 XovopoKOnovloll£VOu onlKou clAOTOe;. Av ana 8l00AOYlK~ 6nol/Jll ovoyvwoSEi opS6, OIlAOO~ W<; KWlllKO £noe;, 0 Mtym; :4voTOA1KOC; TOU Avop£o Elln£lplKou onoT£AEi IlV11Il£IO AOYOT£ XVIKOT11TOe;, EVa SplOIlBIKO KOToPSWllo TWV OUVOTO~TWV Tll<; IllKT~<;. To YAWOOlKO npoBAllllO nou TOAclVIO£ YlO auo XlAl£T[£e; TOV £AAll vlOIlO £X£l £mT£Aoue; £mAuSEl. KovEie; O~Il£PO, OUT£ KOV 01 oS£PO n£UTOl VOOTOAYO[ TOU nop£ASOVTO<;, O£V mm£U£l OTl EivOl OUVOTOV 11 KOSOP£UOUOO va ovomllSEi £K V£KpWV. AKOllll KOl 01 oUV~YOPOI T11e; IllKT~e; n£plop[~OUv Tl<; ¢lAooo~I£e; TOU<; OTO wln£oo TOU A£~lAOY[OU. 'Ollwe; TO n£olo TWV YAWOOlKWV ovnnopoSto£wv, nou £~£AlooovTOl OUXVcl O£ O~UTOT£e; OlOllclX£e;, £X£l j..l£TOKIV11S£[ mo 11£00 010 10lO TO OWIlO T11e; KOlV~e; N£o£M11vlK~e;. nopo TOV K[VOUVO OX11IlOTOno[11011e; So TOAIlOUOO va lOXUPlOSW on Ol T60£l<; nou OlOypOepOVTOI ElVQl ouo. H npwTll ouv11yopEi untp Ill0<; AOYloT£P11e; onoKAlOlle; T11e; KOlV~<; H O£UT£Pll un£poon[~£TOl Tle; BOOlK£e; £mAoy£e; TOU opS60o~ou 011110 TlKIOIlOU. To OIl 11£10 TplB~e; EivOl noMo, WI nopooEiYIlOTl: TO 1l0VOTO VlKO, 11 XP~Ol1 Tile; oooEio<;, 11 KOSOPOTIlTO (£VOOYOlllK~ ovonopoywy~) w<; PUSll101IKOe; KOVOVO<;, TO T£AlKO -v, 11 nOAUTun[o, 11 «£upuXWP11 011 1l0nK~", TO YAWOOlKO M80e; we; napoepSopa ~ we; KEVTPlOIlO £~EAl~l1e;, 11 IlETOYAWTIl011 K£lIlEVWV T11<; KOSOP£uouoo<; OT11 0111l0nK~ (K. no nOPP11yonouAo<;, E. PoT011e;, AA. nonooloIlOVTIle;), 11 OlOOOKOA[O naAOl OT£PWV 1l0P¢WV Tll<; YAWOOO<; 110<;, 11 £nov£looyWY~ oPxo'i0llwv OT11 v WIOT111l0VlK~ KOl OIOlKllTlK~ opoAoYlo, K.cl. T11v £lP~v11 £yyuc1TOlIlOVO o SclVOTOe; H ~w~ EivOlIl~TPO nou Y£VVOBOAO OUYKPOUO£IC;. fa,

Em'l'ovcic; eKTIpocrWlTO, T~C; op'CJTepilc; ~,avo~cr~c; UlTocrT~pi1;ouv cruxvil yAwcratKtc; emAoytc; nou SewpOUVTOI crUVT~P~TIKtC;. o Kopv~AIOC; KaaToplil~~c; cixe TaxStl KOTO TOU ~OVOTOVIKOU (6A. e'l'~~. E),W(Jcp
H KA80MOAOfHIH TOY 616AKTOPA TH u.oa()(pOJv L";(ohj, rov Jlpuravflu; m:wEvovcO" cLe; rove; iavrije; odiaxwpae; ~~lOJUC tJoxlfJaaaL fJC? avrfi TC xai f?/ ll{nJWl'cL{/- 0TffJOal(l- lrltTnV MOWIII T7jVOI:: Tije; flEV hrurnlllqe; UJe; 0[01' rc palwta iv up fJilfJ brL!icJ..~ aE(10a~ xt1Ti ro re}CLorcpov a{lfIfv !fpoayay£/v xai ayJ.t.lr tlaL tiEi imptiaw(Ja~ !J1/lJi xf!1i(1{:uOaL raVrri bri l(Jl/pan up(iJ ij !<£vov xJiove; /hjp{/-, till' Eip' til' rije; Odae; tilt/Odae; TO lpwe;. lTpouOJri-(Jw lJwx£op£Vov, tic[ !fJ.£io(1/'V bralrytit!l, mil' oE ;roL~uHv ;rpoOiJpwe;, if, n piJJIJ rio FVtJFpmrV OLUCLV xai XOal'0I1 ,jOwv "ai uCliVorqra rpo;rr/I\'. pqoi rij; rwv iiJJ.wv ou)a(];o" xai uz iXeLvo'e; Ikbtr/ l;/:va xawaoqtliTFVHV ."reti)(OI/CVO" fI'10' i(JcJ,~qtn', uivav -r:ia tliv alreoe; yLyvU)(TXW, fJLbtimwv, pI/be xam]J.wCL'V fIiv bCLlJT1jPIJ1', "ai ro ti~iOJfla rav rwl' Movawv OLauwrou aiuxtJVHv rfi tWV ~()(jjv al
ii

u"

M Z KOnlMKHI

341

TA

XPEIOIIH

HrMIIA ITA MME KAI TH 4IAcJ)HMIIH nopol~lw6~~ 'PPoa~ "apol~lCli60u~ aypoIlIlQTOaUV~~, "au ~cKi v~ac 0"0 Ta tllpovo Tll~ Bou'~~ TWV HA~vwv, "tpoac aro pc"opT6~ TWV

MME, 0"6 eKe;

ar~v KOeO~I'ou~tv~, KOI KOTt.~

~c 6Ia'P~lllarIK6 aUVe~1l0 v,a oU~o. •

"'-,

, . r - - .. "!",_

• _

...

o~~alovial ola va opiAei ,

I1POBAHMATA OPGOlPAlN: Il.c{jov XaOlffiC{!lVIi, lITO :rC(J/o{j,,~o JrOU OOUM:VW, DIU' JrA'I',rir;opu/ fiC VI owgOwrg/li. !J11q. lI(Jum va 'I{!aq;ouJlc «IlIwria» lj < Ur((V auro CiEl. ypllV!xrj ry rOJnil17 ivvOLa (o:rw, VJrotm](Ji~w tyw) ry irf:l; naTi aJJ.fW xpara.· iJC fa blll'ld uVwpwva Xt aMoU &xt; flaTi a,uov (JEfJopa· mc T1JV /OTO(JWlT, og()oY(Jacpia Xl aV.ou 0XI; L'lJlVa fa pa.~W fiE roy muro flou: :rapim blcvOlJVl7jC; roy t:VTVJrou (Exovm;, OCW(!1JTLxa, ro (J/,?aiwfla va i
AV'tuioC; XQUOOOTllflih'lC;, fqltj!l. A II)'T" 17. U.1996.

II [waywyJj roy /lOVOrOVLXov aura ra rt:kvraia :l.flOvla (JlJ//fJa(Ji~Et /IE I'ta avEV Jr(J01JYoutJivov XaM.{lW0'7/ T1]C; opOoy(!{upiac;. 01 rOvOL xU/ ra JrVCllpara /lOLa~Et au va rjrav ra XU(Jepla. xal OL ya.r~Ol Jrou XpaTOVUUV I'7/V op()oY(Jaepia llTlf OiOlf T1]r;. 01 rovol E-iOUV Xl auroi TO -imOJ a({Javic;- IqrOPIXO VOlJlla TOUr;. Kal /jE;V .T(Ji:,Tf;J va a(paL(Jouvrat vOliplJ.ra ano 1:1/ ,J.wuua. TIJ q:tou~lll(m:{70, WWC;, avsavollV lIE OJrflXO c..TiJrc~o rTf y.AwO'(JlX~ lilaepo go,ToilJ07/, .Tpaypa Jrou UU/lfJa)).£I lUi TlIV rpO.TO rou ITT" Otav07jflXT, f)UlepO(}O;rollJrLX1j IxaVOT1JTa.

I\riVVlj_ Datu.IIS, flf11fl. E;roxri, 18. 12. L988.

•

4,

•

•

~'

I I

•

-

../........

'.

'Onolo<; 8€A£1 VO yVWp[O£1 10 YAWOOIKO lO[WIJO IJIO<; WOX~<;, O£v X € £l nopo vo OVOTP€~£I OTI<; £cJllllJ£P[O£<; TIl<; (KQl oVTloTolXo, OV 88A£1 VO O£I Hlv KPOTOUOO op80ypo
H YAWOOIK~ TOUTOTIlTO TWV IlA£KTPOVIKWV IJ€OWV £VIlIJ€PWGTJ<; o£v dVOl TOOO oOcJl~<;' I'] TI']A£OPOGTJ, nou ~£KiVIlO£ w<; KpOllKO IJOVO nWAlo 010 1J800 TIl<; O£KO£T[O<; TaU '60, OVllKOTOmpI~£ Tllv £n[Ol']1J1l KPOllK~ onmjJI'] Ylo TI'] yAWOOO, IJ£ £AOXI010 n£pl8wpl0 nop£KTpon~<; (Alyo-noAu TO [010 [axu£ KQl ylO TO KPOTIKO POOIOcJlWVO). H £lJcJl0vIOIl TI']<; 10IWllK~<; POOlocJlWV[O<; OTO T8AO<; TIl<; O£KO£1[O<; TOU '80 KOI TI']<; lOlWllK~<; TI']A£OPOGTJ<; 011<; OPX€<; TI']<; WOIJ£vI']<; 6!v\0~ov PI~lKO 10 Tonio, ocJlOu YIO 11<; nOAA€<; V€£<; 8€0£1<; £Pyooio<; nou 01l~1l0Upy~81l KOV I'] "KOA~ ntvo" £vo<; OUVTOKT1] £cJlrW£p[oo<; o£v lJ£1pOUO£ mo TOOO 000 Il KO!v\lcJlWV[O (YIO TO POOlo
T1]A£OPOGTJ)· H 8£IJ£AIWOIl<; OlO
H KOT6XPI']01l E,€VWV opwv KOt O1£psoTunwv SKcJlPOO£wv, KQaW<; Kat 0 nAIl8wpIOIJ0<; TWV £mB£llKWV npOOOIOPIOIJWV dVOlTO Tp[O 6001 KO XOPOKTIlPIOllKO nou OIOKp[VOUV TO n£ploo6T£po ouYXpovo 1J800: Il ar~t:vra o£V arllJo[V£1 nMov TerpTt:pl, o!v\o 8X£l OVllKOTOO1~O£l TIlV T))1ePr701O OlaTQ~T), 01 yvwoTOi )10<; ayvwoTOI KOl TO OtarIAeKO)1eVO dVOl QUO TptXOVTO O1Sp£OTUnO nou Bo OVllKOTOOTOaOUV £V KOlPW (KoB£ £nOX~ 8X£1 TO OIKO TIl<;), 000 O£ ylO,OU<; amp, OAOI dVOl nA€OV oOlmep-omp, onw<; KQl OAO TO )10VTt:Ao dVOl TOrI KOI OAO TO yKO'\

xpuoa. KOl OUTO O£ IJlO c:nOX~ onou OKOIJIl KOl Ol oBAIlTlK€<;£
342

"1O~.mAOIVT»), 0PXIOOV VO XPllol1l0nOlOUV ovoyKomlKo 1l1KpOn; pee; At~ele; Kat OUVTIl~oele; moue; Kupiwe; TiTAOUe; TOUe;, eMd ljJel xwpou (XOPOKTrlPIOTlKO nop60elYllo 11 nep[ffiWOll Ttwe; npou;pou Tile; LlllIlOKpoTioe;, nou oe KonoiOUe; npwTOotAI ooue; TITAOUe; ovo¢epo1Ov we; IAPTZ). EAoXlmo K0811llepI va tVTuno TunWVOVTat nAtov oe nOAuTOVIKO OUmllllo, [awe; OXl TOOO Y1QTi oev TO emSullouv 01 ovoyvwmee; TaUe;, OAAO YIOTl 11 oloolKaoio nopaywy~e; TOUe; dVOl noM mo OUOKOAll Kat Xpov060po. o 01l1l00l0e; Myoe; nou avonapoyouv 10 Iltoa dVOl ouxvo TOOO Aov8aolltvoe; nou y[VETat napOlIlIWOlle;: npOO¢QTO napooelWo 0 opoe; KO}.UTepOTepa, evw Aiya naAIOTepo 11 tK¢paOll oev OlKalOua8e OU1 va a!Jl}.eiTe. AUTte; 01 "KOTOovee;»

nepvouv 0111 Ka80lllAoUlltVll Kal, IlE TllY WOVOAlll)Jll, Ilnopd 11 XP~OIl TOUe; va naylw8d Kal va ~exooel Kavde; nwe; ~1OV 11 owm~ tK¢pOOll· I' OUTO 601180el KOI 11 OIO¢~IlI011, nou OVO~IlTE! TbolEe; EK¢pooele; Ylo TOUe; oKonoUe; Tlle;· H 0IO¢~1l1011 dVOllllO 1l0P¢~ 0111l00l0U AOYOU nou nepltXETOl 010 Iltoo EYlllltpwolle;, oMo 0 OKonOe; Tile; oev EiVat TOOO EVllllepwTlKOe; 000 EllnopIKOe;: oey E!VOl 11 KOTOYPO¢~ KOI 0 axOAIOOIlOe; yeyovoTwv, OMO 0 eVTunwOloOIlOe; Ylo XOPll TOU npo"lovTOe;. KOTW ana Tllv n[eOll TOU OV1OYWVIOllou, 01 veOAOYIOIlO[ Kat 01 eK
01 pAfVTlvyK:

3

KAPBOYNO En E

I:YNTAEJOYXm:::

9EEI;AAO 'IKH,7

~laOTaa ~naOK&T!

Ana TI, npwT£, (KOI yvwcnoT£p£,) rrpoarra8£1£, ~IO
«Guinness is good tor you" .. ,

"H arrouomcH11W TaU 00AOU

t(JJV Ml'vIE OEV E,/XEl'!:m Toao XCXlVOUQYWS ~ lOt.ClSOUOUS ·:).(ooua~ 000 onlY d;lCTAWOll XUL £rrLxQ(n;~OTJ aVTou rrou N>'l umiQ XEL ~ O~;LLOUQYEiwL t(oQu aT'l yAwuuu.» 8uvau% N6.Y.a~, EqJ~;l. H Kae7/f./£r;Wry, 10.3. 1996.

Ot~ 6~~llOUQ,/La ~lla~

0'

v£OAoYla~oi T~, 08A~TIKOypocpio<; napont~nouv

£vioT£ at HTalpAivTlVYK» ~£v tX£I axta~ ~£ KOIAIO' KO np06A~~OTO oHa ~£ m; XOp£UTpl£, rrou I~UXoywyouv TOUe; Cj>IAci8AOU, ol~pli £IU~OAOyio (TO

KU1PC£ ~mV"tav6~ irE l't{l(luy UTO ciY(lOXnlwi: TOll, OTO «BQ ;lOVlO'

81

XQOl

ll.,"to

Tq

BElIO LD

na91lTIKOI KanVIOTe<; 6001 Tpwve .... eAITZ;oveC; MANOt\HL: IABBI6HL:

343

H rAOIIA

IHMEPA

H 3YAINH rJ\nIIA Ala8Tl1~

Orav ~ ~U.l.IV~ V.l.wooo OUVOvrCTOI ~£ TO KIT<;.

ana 1TlV EnOX~

aKo~a 10U ~£OonOA£~OU, Tl

ONOt-HTOilOlHIH TOY PHMATOL

ALY~i\P8PH·ALYNAPTHTH EKc!>PALH

OqEi),ovral I1rTJv aV~TJfnJ mOaVOTTJWe; EJifpavIfnJe; Y.rt(!;a 1'0

yivEfnJe;. Mciw071 TTJe; LY.aVOT1]We; xawHo)J:,'TJfnJe; rTJe; av~·

07/e; TOJV JTa01(JEwv rov HvtiJpoVOe;.

Eljlll!!' H KaOTJ/U'£!Lv1, 16. 5. 85. lJ !lcLWIT1/ ",TIpapvV07/e; E~HTJpirTJfnJe; TOV E)J.TJ"IXOV l.{!iove;.

Eljl'lfL To BJjpa, 29. 6. 86.

H JrpoOwpia TTJe; EXxaOapLfnJe; (1).0)071' aJro00fnJe; rpopov... ET 1, 9. 3. 87, 21.00 -xu~E!1VIJnX'l avuxolvOJUlj.

aUYXPovTl ~UAIVl1 yAwaaa (O£~lOepwvll - 8PllaK£U1lK~ - apla1£pOKO~~a1lK~), OTI ~alv£l 111v av£~ap111ola 10U ~£OOU £vav1l 10U lOPU1lKOU oKonou. fAwooa l£pa1£lOU, 8PTlOK£U1lKOU ~ nOAl1lKOU, np001Q1£U1l KO 001paK60£p~a aU10 VO~Il~£VOU £~OUOlaGTlKOU

~llxavlo~ou Kat 01£~000e; lo£on£vlae;, £v£PY£l ~£ B.II.A. Eljl'll" EhvOEpowHia, 14. L89. 8£oepQ1£e; aA~8£1£e;, £1011.1£e; eppciO£Ie;, GT£p£01Un£e; Y£VIK01111£e; Kat rta va unjl1U w UXiow urppaYIfnJe; UTopaWe; K OUY.fora. a~IOAOYIKO O£OIKao~£va, n£pIGTp£ep0I.1£Vll £v K£V4J Kat napoYOVlOe; Elf1lll. To 'EOvoe;, 25. U. 88. op8000~ia KQI KO~epOPI.110~O. MllPuKo~ov1ae; OpIO~OUe; - lO~nou nou naipvouv Yla O£OOI.1£VO 10 (1l10U~£VO, OUYKaAUn1£1 10 K£VO ouoiae; Ey.rpgal;EI TTJV LOwTv.ua VHOVOpWfnJe; ptae; ;ropeiae;... 010 TTJe; K£voAoyiae;, 1.1£ A£~£le; 01 onoi£e; llXOUV n£pI0001£PO ana 10 E«pllli. PIl;ouHaUT1/e;, 13. U. 89. VOll~O 10Ue; Kat OUOK01[~OUV 111V npaYl.1a1lKo1111O nou aYY£MouV, rae; ow{J,{Jitt;w TTJV iy.fppa07j pOV Ey.rlpTJfnJe;. an06alVOVlOe; OAA08l Kat «naonap10U» Kal unoKa8lGTWVlOe; £P£UVll H Ai~I/, t",{. 43 (IOVALO, 1985) 1lK~ aVOYKTl KQI np06Alll.1a110~O -A£~£le; nou £Kep£POV1at oav a~lwl.1a flE'ta.lf(!«Or ·GPIAMBOI THL: YlK~e; IO£OAoy[ae;, aUl.1noyoue; opyavwo£we; (KUplWe; nap£KKAllOlaGTl AEO~Tm: TQ . l\EEQN Em TOY NOHivlAfOI K~e;) Kat yAwaooe; GTEp£01unTle;: KwolKOnOllll.1£Vll 8£opPTl10p£la - Mi r1v oJr,OgwvvIUUY.Jj ;c),aupoppfl rolt xai r1v avrl 8£oepQ1Tle; a~IWl.1a1IK011110e; KOl 118IKlO1lK~e; £uo£6£loe;, a£pGGTpw~O xoppaux1 fppagwl'fUTly.1 briOwJj rov iwivrta UTO Kop A£~£WV unOOX£TIKWV ~ KUpW1lKWV, £1Ol~onap0001£e; eppaO£le; uno pa, 0 M. nflprua)ib,l'; yh'ETaL uJ]pEpa nOAoe; uvu;rE:!gw fnJe; rlli 0).,(1. uc xafptt'bLxa, JT{!obortxa, aVnTJyuIy.a, 6AIl1lK~e; £IKOVOno(iae; KQI £E,cixvWOll 10U ~ovaOIKOU OUyK£Kpll.1£VOU rpOTUY.Lorty.a, rtTl?~a y.ai avrcoJlpanxa UToIXE'ia, :;rov GTO Ka80AlKO aepllPlll.1£VO. y.arw alTO r1v iipffTTJ Y.aOoJ1YTlfnJ Tile; aUlflaJ.EI.ae;, TO'U y. 01.10iwe; KQI nOIKIAo6aS~a 010 apIGT£pOKO~~01lKO 101W~O r. E.!:., die; 'IvrtJJ.trt;cve; Ei{}PIe;, TTIe; nTtX~e; x).iy.ae; xai OAOU 10U aplGT£pOU epa0l.1a10e;: 10£oAoyia 00Y~Q10nay~e;, opyovw TtfJV a{(/.ELOrp0TaXtUTtfJv, £X0ltV yLa Y.OLVO uroxo TO K.K.E. 01l1.10VOA1SIK~ KOI yAWOOO GT£P£01Unll £~epavi(OV1at aMllAai1l£e; KOI -1{}aflaI'E 1t.'7:{lOUTa yui TJj viY.TJ rou ).aofi ltae; Y.ai roD Hay aMllAonaS£ie;, KOI II yAwaoo on06aiv£1 £pyaA£lo ouon£lpwO£We; Kat XOUPLOV Jrgokrrt(!Larov, ay.oJ.ovOtfJvme; rie; f{JwrElvi, op8000~iae; 1.1£ YVW01IKOUe; KQI a~IOAOYIKOUe; aU10~Q110~OUe;, nou aPXie; roD Mafl;LOpoD . AI"l'IVLOpofi ;rarw aHO r1 U7/flaia EnlKaAOUV10l1le; y£v£8Al£e; apx£e; we; aMoSI 1WV aV01K£IWV ~£OWV roil MEyaAov l:T.4MN. AnoQlUlrIl tllS 311S I:u'Vli\(iOX~'1rIIS TO K.K.E., Kat O£O~£UOUV 111V OUl£V£PYO £A£uS£p[a YIO vo KPQ1~OOUV £101~0 10·14 OXT. 1950,0'. 139. KlVIl111111 Ol£Kn£pOlw1IK~ 0Ia8sOl~01111O· Kupla XOPOK111PlGTlKa: £V1Ova SIOonOlOe; KO~~a1lK~ opoAoy[a, - H ()UJ)flia pa" aJJ.O. %m 'I £/LTtlflia 6clX"El on 'I Tt1fnJ JTE(}liuparoe; aRo rov y.amra).tapo UTOV aomahallo Jra ~£yaAo010I.1l0 1£A£10UPYlK~, XAIO~ 000V1OepOpWV £m8£TWV, KWOlKO flapivEL. A)).6. Yia pae; &1' EiVat aJT},we; pia rafnJ. Eivat nOllll.1£V£e; eppaO£le; OU~6Q1lK~e; (aU1O)Kpl1lK~e;, A£K1lK~ £lKovonAa , vopo;, EivaL avaJrotpEVy.w. ala unoKa1001Q1IK~ SpSUVTl1lKOU np06All~01l0~OU (<<10 1POlVO 111e; ((fIJ". Pll;oaJTaarTJe;, 10.6.95.

KariOCITE TO t'yyparpo aHorpafnJe; JUtapauTJe; TJI' EA.AL" une;

344

lmopLO~

npOXWpO£l OK08£KTO»), qJPOO£I~ - KAl08, nOp0881lOTO - qJ£TiX, - £TlKb£~. n8pOV 0IlWC; TaU uqJOUC; KOl ~80uC;, KOl OVTi8£TO npo~ TlC; OM£C; ~uA6qJ80yy£C; £KOOX8e;, TO 0PIOT£POKOIlIlOTlKO IOIWIlO, £t;OKTlVOUIl£VO OTOV WPLIT£PO Xwpo, £nrlP800£ KOl HjV lOla Hj YPOIlIlOTIK~ OU010011 TIlC; OUVOAI1~ YAWOOO~ -£t; OU KOll1 Il£YOAUT£PI1 OTlilOOLO TOU. 'ETOl, 11 Il£v £mOLW~11 1l0vonoyou~ £VOTI1TO~ KOl onOAUTOu £A8YXOU TWV OIlIlOOIWV £KOllAw8I1K£ 11£ anop8KKAlTI1 YPOIlIlOTlK~ llovoTunio KOl npOOTOT£UTlK~ KOTO TI1e; KOlv08n£lOC; A£t;Ln£VIO' a O£ OUYK£VTpWTl KOe; - ypOqJ£IOKpOTlKOe; XOPOKT~pOe; Tr1e; oPyavwOlle; onoTunw8l1K£ O£ 10lWil0 OUV£OTPOll1l8vO, rlTOl £KOllIlOTlKIOIl8Vll yAWOOO OIOIKllTlKOU ll11xavlOIlOu, OUVTO~11 K080p£uouooC; (OTOIX£io «K08£OTWTlKO») 11£ 1l0pqJoAoyio 0111l0TlK~~ (OTOlX£io «£novOOTOTlKO»), nopoyoVTOC; £K6l00TlKO u6piol£~ IllKPOOOIl8C; (<
t_T""-,--M_'_.

,-I

•... -'-~._U'_7_H_o-'-'y'_'iIf>Iou _ _'''''''

'~

«Oi 6~OpTWAOi 66 KOTOlil Koo600v dc; T~V OiWVIOV KOAQQlV.....

fi\QITA AVyollV niv aflat!rlav, IrO)£flOVV xai ,T/?OOJWOoiJv va flT/v rove; mlf!a aVP'l 0 ,TOV'lt!o;. '0 EWnTt!, 1223 (2.1987). Tooo {l(!WflEflOi xai anaiOWI xai raOlE<; v.£fLvlr;, {It!Wfl£' (!ir; xai awjOlxEq (h~aoxa).iE<; ()WxaEVOvv /lETaSU nov arpdwv onaMjJV WV<;! .Mom avOpwJrol fli VOO1){Jry rpa· naoia, ~lErpOapfltvr, xai Jrwpwflrn/ ~lavow, Oa ~rav ~vvarOv va ~IIIIlOV!,yrjuovv flla drow JVOOJJ'I xai fJM· orp'l/lTJ ~1~ao"a)J.a. I£QoxlH!uxa~ !.J\
ilEIOTPonH O:::YCPQNIA . KENOAMH TAYTOAOf'IA· DAcDi\AZOYIA MErMOITOMIA

Avut

but rov xvbalOrawv Ea/lir'lv EI%EAwW) xai r~v Eipu).},o. rov, ~ oJroia EnpOXElm va flii<; (JE(!prpw(hT ano 1"0 'EOVlXO fJiarf)o wq b'a dbor; E/lETlitOU Kano~irn:pra, /lE tOV o,'wiov 0 U.XOfllJ ifl£r"'OJTEpO~ x. KasaVT~(;xl/~ ~OEJ£ VrUfaf}ovaraOEl... , ,7 £(Pllli. /W.III'I;·

r. f1Ult((/)ljltO\lj.o~, r" lTtum.iw fla~, t. 2,1968, o. lI5. 'Y:rEQY.OOjJIOV flIjvvfla aiwvlOrl]wq ~mv ro O[lVMXQV £TOq _.~_.

~~

.KE

J\ITUTHTA-nAHBQPIIMOr AYTAPXIIMOr-HATO OC EIAPTliIH-Vnln-A IA

TOU 2/ -fltil :r:(JorrraYI/ rij<; 'Iuropiaq nov [lpOaoE:l' ibriJ ci~ TIll' ayia" flv),l/v TII<; 'EJJ.'IVIXijq Ovoiar;, rvi.'Y/lev'l OTa q>rr,ga Tijq ,jos'l<;. Er/?auwuxa lVla, 22.3.65.

NE:Kpa 'II/JOlt;: At~£IC;'l:TI Ktncc; oc CIKOaTl~O Ijlovro cl<'I~m· cu6u6oAiac;. Aq>iaCl 'l'IAOTCxv~~tv~ OliO roy rLwpyo BopA6~o, 1979.

Ol1TIK~C;

iIANNHl: KMIOPHl:

345

H ii\OLLA

LHMEPA

TO MEMON THI EAAHNIKHI ME ra X£ioVW 0/lWr; 11 tJJ.1fVLid} ayotla /U1'aMoUE xaL uJC}.WOT/XE uro W(!V XOlVO, tvw 01 era¥!ticq uO{Jaflfli'av. Ta n).evraia !Juo I!!Uv/U. d!Ja/lE JC!!wra :r(Jwru mi{Ja Jr:o)M JC!!oytlallllara va cgc)JJTVi;uvral, tvW X1!xJ-Oipog'luav Xin lrall·To)J.a eeraJ.£ia illJ]VIXIjr;, OlrW; O{JOoytlaiplXoi fJlOtl Owrir;, OTJuuvtloi, ypallllarolTTl{Iiq xat ,Tatl0/low. Erpu{Jo 1I0vrooVvwuav OL «yxougou». dEl' xaraAa{Jaivov/lc ri;rorE, Ji:vE, xaL auro Eival uwuro, lila xal ixouv va /laOovv /lW via ogoi-oyia. Durouo, ra illJ]vlxa JTfloY{Ja/l/lara ;rUov riVal /lOvofJpOI'Or;. 01 erU¥!elEr; ro sipoVl' xaAa, aq;ou El!Jav Esal{lE:wui aJrortJ£ullara. KUlQor; ..iourov va a:rofJe XOoVv xal 01 lraAaloTf:!!ot avrlj r1fV aJC)_1j aAljBt'lu XllI, avri va )'Xl)tvt&~ovv &Ti rqr; {f,(Imr;, va {JoT/fhjuovv !lT1J 01T/l101J[J yia /lIar; xaJiJrE(lT/r; WJlVlid}r; o{JoJ.oyiar;.

8. UrIVO\)).u~,

lhE'l!Ouvn]~ to\lltt{IlOOlxOiJ Rani,

aJto tt]v l€ f'IW'

To Blj/la.

I1MIMlpHTIA 'OUOI Jr:go{JA'I/lari~ovraL yw rT/v f.JCI·(liJ01; :rou Oa flOUV 01 viE': TEXvoJ.oyiEr; f.,Tavw !lT1J J.oyou:£l'ia, xa;.o Oa Ijrav va J.afJovv wrin/nl TOUr; /lla EIIfJom TTlr; «OJvuuEW9> :rov xvxJ.OipO{JEl /leraSv rwv EJJ.ljvwv X{J'Iurwv TOU Illfemef. 11 ('1{Ja/lllew, !Jl' AarlV/;IOUr; Xa{JUXTljtlEq) Odysw!J1ro{Jd va :r£gL({JaipEl wr; «J,OyOTE;(VIXO Xu{Jcyvo;ravx» xu! elval a/lqifJoJ,o av Oa a{JEUEI urovr; Ipu.oJ,oyovr;. 0llo}oyOV IJivwr; TO XElpE:VO fival pE:V :rvwllarcofJcq, a}),a xal a{JXf fJJ.U.UIf!71/lo. fLTOU;raU/lu a:ro TI/ «Rapswdw (j'; 0 Doureios Ippos»: Gyrw ap' /Q kmfro fo pshlo me fa gera la le£rh / kat/lOnf' oi E:lIh,les VOUI'O; kai vlasthmoll1l fhn Iyxll. / Moira kakll fOilS ~rikse kai pane deka xronia / oi USUS tOilS Isoliroyf/iswl, fOIl~ pagwsan faxionia. ASloUl/!Jl'iwro Elval on, uV/lipwva liE Ta iBI/la COU xUPEflVOxw{Jou, 01 1{Jljuur; WC:O{JOL'V va E_Ti/lfJouv r{JoJrOJTOlwvra[; 1:0 Xd/IEI'O, ro olroio iUJI 'liVE WI, pa)J.ov f)wvYXflOVW/lEvO r{JOJro, .
ra

w:

TA KOMI1IOYTEPIITIKA To ;roxiTO auro 00 ro E/lJr:},e/lcvra{JoUII< acpov uxava{Jov /lE o},e; nr; lJwxCrEr; yw pa1t!OV[; xal xoma{JoU/lE Ta cyx ~i ipal).,; uro VT{Jell{J UI. M£taYQwp~ arrAO€I.AllVL01i MaiQT] I1arraywwLcoU. To T/lr,!Jll aUTO TOU },0YUTlIlXOU Oa UAo;rGI110ci aipOu tJ.iy SOl'fJE oler; nr; (jU!'XiTEr; roy 10 rwv vJr:o}.oywuhv XOI oVfI'/t!aljJou/lE roY =eJ.iotpo XW(jIXO uro (T/.).T/{Jo (jiuxo. A:to 'OJv ECj!ll/L To Blj/lo.

ria

MIO EUYAwn~ ~oP~ T~C; D~~EPIV~C; YAWODIK~C; KaraOTao~C; DE KOpT-nOOlaA (EniOlOhIKOliEATapIO, EAEYOV 01 noAo.6TEpOI),

346

De; niJpa II £~tAl~ll, II mtKTaOll Kalil £m61wOllTlle; EMllVIK~e; ouvap T~811Kav Kuplwe; 11£ TllV nOAI1l01lK~ 0llilaoia TOU £AAllVlOIlOU KQl o£ n£pIOXte; anou O£V KaTOIKOUOav anOKA£IDnKO Ylly£vde; £Mllva4>w VOL Ta £AAllVIKO £[VQl II YAwooa Tile; avmavoAllnTlle; KAaolK~e; ypall llaT£iae;. Tile; napaOOOlaK~e; av8pWmOllK~e; nalodae; KQl TWV Euayy£ Alwv. Ila QlWV£e; £niOlle; Ta £MllVIKO ~TaV II yAwooa Tile; OIO[KllOlle; KQl TWV £l.lnOPlKWV ouvaMaywv, ollAao~ Illa lingua franca. H EMllVtK~ ou vmwe; dX£ ouvo£8dll£ lOUe; ll11xaVIOIlOUe; nOAt1lK~e;, 8PllOK£UllK~e;, nOAt1lmlK~e; KQl we; tva ollll£io OlKOVOlllK~e; KUptaPXlae; o£ £KT£Tallt v£e; n£pLOxte; KUp[We; TWV napaAlWV Tile; avalOAlK~e; M£Ooydou. 'HTaV «YAwooa n£plwm']e;» Il£ ol£8v~ aKllvo6oAla. L~Il£pa II yAwooa Ilae; 4>a[v£1Ql va tX£1 an£Kou8£i KQl ana TIe; T£ A£umi£e; OlaTOmK8e; A£ITOUpYIK8e; Tile; npovOlli£e;, EivQl ma ilia £8VlK~ yAwooa «onwe; OA£e; Ol MA£e;» KQl un' aUT~v Tllv tvvola o£v Ilnopd napa va unaK£lTQl moue; £mKa8oplOIlOUe; £K£ivoue; nou OUVO£OVTQl

~8 Hl poyoo[o ~8T060M TWV OIKOU ~8VlKWV ~Op<)JWV KOIVWVIK~e; WlKOlVWVlOe;. 'ETOl TO ~C:MOV Tlle; OIOYPO<)J8TOl a8 auvOpTllall ~8 TO un8p8SVlKO Kat un8pYAwaOlKO 8mKOlVWVlaKO aU01~~aTO nou Ola ~op<)JWVOVTal.

H £VTO~ll Tlle; xwpae; ~ae; O1llV EupwnaiK~ 'Evwall, aMO KOI Y8VI KOT8PO 11 0IKOU~8VIK~ WIKOlVWVlaK~ mavoaTOOIl Oll~IOUPYOUV ~la vc:a TO~Il npay~clTwv KOl O1IlV nopc;[o Tile; yAwaaae;. L8 OAoc:va Kat n8 plaaOT8pOUe; TO~c;[e; (8mX81p~a81e;, ~8Ta<)Jopc:e;, Tpcm8~8e;, Toupla~Oe;, aMO KQl O1IlV mlO1ll~OVlK~ c:p8uva) Kuplapxc;[ 11 oyyAOiJ'wvla. H 8V8Pyoe; aU~~8TOX~ 0111 018SV~ 8mX81Pll~aTlK~ KOl 8KnaI08UTlK~ KOIVOTIlTO anOlT8l IKaVOTIlT8e; npoaap~oy~e; "~8e; 0111 VnOlKlAIl OPOOll TWV yAwaalKl./JV npoaap~oywv". o 8SIO~Oe; TOU KOIVWVIKOU aUVOAOU O1a 8T8POY8V~ KOl 8T8pOKAIl Ta WIKOIVWVlaKO aU01~~OTa aUVT8A8iTal ~c:aa ana TT)V KaSIl~8pIVO TIlTa, TOV KaTOVaAWTla~O KOl TIlV ou~ouaa OIl~aa[a Tile; 8VIl~c:pWOIle;, o Toupla~Oe;, 11 8YKOT001aOll nOAuoplS~WV aMooanwv 8PYO~0~C:VWV, 01 ~8VOYAwaa8e; 8mypaiJ'c:e;, 11 aUYKpOTllOll ~lae; 018SVOUe; yAwaaae; TOU aSAIlTla~ou, Tile; ~65ae;, Tile; ~OUOlK~e;, TWV IlA8KTpOVlKWV unOAO ylO1WV, Tile; OlaTpOiJ'~e; KQl Tile; UY8lae; WIlP80~OUV aUV8xWe; TO WIKOl VWVlaKO n8p16oMOV. H EIKova miOlle; a~iJ'la611Td TIlV c;nIKO\VWVlaK~ npWTOKaS80pia Tile; yAwaaae;. H avnnapoS801l aVO~EOa 010 ISOY8VEe; Kat TO 8n8[aaKTO, TO 01K8l0 KQl TO avoiKEIO, TO 8AAIlVlKO Kal TO ~EVO Tdv81 va anoouva~wa81 KOl Til au~60AlK~ E~6C:A8Ia KQl Til A81TOUpyl K~ KOlVWVlK~ 8m6po68UOIl Tlle; au~~op<)JWOIle; npoe; TOUe; napaoo OlaKO an008KTOUe; KaVOV8e; Tile; KOlVWVlK~e; 8K<)JOpOe;. Ta "aw01O» 8MIlVlKO 08V 8lVOl anapalTIlTll npounoS801l KOlVWVIK~e; KOl 8nayy8A

~ ORGANOMENl PROSFORA No 1

GV

. IDIKO TELOS TIS EVDOMADOS 1993 TOULAHISTON 30 ATOMA

'EVTuno TOUPIOTIKOU vpa",c1au, nA~VIKa ~£ AaTIVIKoiJ~ Xapo KT~P£~ - Ta vta
SA T·ON

ENCORE PARLER

~FRANCAlS?

~ ~~ ~~- -5,: ~

--

L:

~aTlK~e; aV£Al~Ile;!

EiVQl <)JUOlKO QOllAO n Sa npOKUl!J81 010 win800 Tile; KaSIl~8pl AaAIOe; ana Til VEa KOTOO1aall «OIYAwaaiae;» nou ota~op<)JwV8TQl. Ana Til ~la 11 ~IlTPIK~ yAwaaa, nou au~60A[~EI TIlV 8SVIK~ TaUTOTllTa, npoanaS81 va aVTlO1aSc;[ aTIl A81TOUPYlK~ un06oS~10ll. Ana TIlv OA All, 11 un8p8SvlK~ ayyAOiJ'wv[a npoolWV1~8TQl 8naYY8A~aTlK~ wlTux[a KQl KOlVWVIK~ KaTO~lwall· 'Iawe; 11 "naTpwa 8Uoo~[a», ollAao~ 11 6aplo nopaooOll, 6011S~a81 TIlV EAAIlVlK~ va aVTlaTaS8l anoT8AEO~aTlKO aTle; OlQ6pWTlKc:e; m8vc:pY818e; Tile; OIKOU~EVIK~e; YAwaOlK~e; anOlKIO nO(Ilarlc;. nOVTWe; 11 aU~60AIK~ OIl~aa[a Tile; EMIlVIK~e; yAwaaae; 08V 8lVat OUVOTOV va napa~Eiv81 aAw61lTIl xwpie; TIlV TOUTOXPOVll Glan'j PTJOIl TTJe; KOIVWVIKOOIKOVO~IK~<; Tlle; A8IToupyiae;. ~ v~e;

H KIVOUVOAovia Via T~V aAAoiwo~ T~~ VAwooa~ oev £ivai ~ovo 0 Victor Hugo 'l'piTTel ana TO ya).},IKO nou OKOU£1. To 6yxo~ aTTO Ta !ranglais tX£1 Kupl£uoel Kal TOU~ r6AAOU~ AoViou~ Kal T~ raAAIK~ Ku6tpv~o~, eAA~VIKO 'l'aIVO~evo,

HUMAN BEHAVIOUR Ka).li, mmr,ctj, XI,JOl'W (}TO I'ovatm/o ltardcore & gemle

m:(!!oli!x6 ~q, xrlll,Jar;.

To sfQIT£ xa),a ;TW; somlfhing huge is comillg up,

Via/wIly lJappy

'E\'n. avaynoolll; AltO t'1v o)J''1),oYQarp[u VEQVLXOU JTEQLO()LY.OU.

KONITANTINOL TIOYKAJ\L\L

347

Ιστορία Της Ελληνικής Γλώσσας_Μ.Ζ. Κοπιδάκης

Recommend Documents