m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
2=
4
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
LD VGRÚFLOCD DVOS^ECVD^OCD e SG@WHNE COYOLOSKE COYOLOSKE -4=?? – 4?4?/ -Gl gs~dne elo`ävtwoce – ghclghtwg/ OH^VENWCCOÓH (+ Ld Vgrwflocd Dvos~ecvä~ocd e -sg`whne coyoloske/ + sg`úh Jev`g Fdsdnvg + iwg ld g~drd ng hwgs~vd mos~evod cekrvghnond gh~vg 4=?7+4?4?, gh gl twg sg kdh~oghg ld mg`gkehëd relë~ocd ngl rdv~on rdv~one e Coyol Coyol twg d`vwrd d`vwrdfd fd mdcghn mdcghndne dnes, s, mekfv mekfvgs gs ng hg`ec hg`ecoes oes,, g} cekgvcodh~gs `wdhgves, gs~d elo`dvtwëd ~gvvd~ghogh~g d`ve+g}rev~dnevd ceh~veldvä ld gcehekëd relë~ocd ngl rdës( CDVDC^GVËS^OCDS CDVDC^GVËS^OCDS NG LD VGRÚFLOCD DVOS^ECVÄ^OCD Oh~g`vdne rev dvos~ócvd~ds -cldsg dl~d/ gh sw kdevëd rverog~dvoes ng mdcoghnds e G} sdlo~vgves, ngnocdnes d ld D`ve g}rev~dcoóh -dzúcdv + dl`enóh/( Rvgnekohoe relë~oce ngl rdv~one coyol -Sg`whne Coyoloske/( Ld elo`dvtwëd d`ve g}rev~dnevd ceh~veld gl rengv d ~vdyïs ngl rdv~one coyol cehcgh~vd ~vdcoó coóh h ng ~ogvvd ~ogvvds s -elo`dvtwë Ngsdvve vvelle lle ng ld ces~ ces~d: d: cehcgh -elo`dvtwëd d ~gvvd~ghog ~gvvd~ghogh~g/: h~g/: lds Ngsd mdcoghnds: Cgh~ves rvenwc~oyes d`vëcelds -Dzúcdv, Dl`enóh/ ceh kdev ~gchele`ëd evogh~dne dl kgvcdne g}~gvhe( G}os~ghcod ng ghcldygs -cgh~ves rvenwc~oyes ng g}~vdccoóh ng kd~gvod rvokd rgve ceh cdro~dl g}~vdhjgve/ Kohgvëd – GGWW D`vocwl~wvd – Dlgkäh -@ol`gkgos~gv/, Oh`lïs -@vdcg/ noigvgh~gs kdhgvds: kdhgvds: SOS^GKDS SOS^GKDS NG ^VDFDJE: ^VDFDJE: Ld iwgvzd ng ~vdfdje sg g}rle~d ng noigvgh~gs -kohgvod d – mdcogh mdcoghnd ndss ces~g ces~gvds vds/, /, _dhdcehdjg -mdcog -mdcoghnd hndss ng ld sogvvd sogvvd/, /, Gh`dhcmg -kohgvo cevvgvod mdfolo~dcoehgs -g}~vdccoe -g}~vdccoeh h ng Cdwcme, Cdwcme, sglyd/( sglyd/( llg`dh llg`dh lds rvokgvds rvokgvds iäfvocds: iäfvocds: drdvocoóh ng ld cldsg rvelg~dvod -efvgves/(
GHCLDYGS Cehcgr~wdlozdcoóh Gkrvgsds ng cdro~dl g}~vdhjgve twg g}~vdg VV( HH( rgvwdhes
D`vdvoes
Lecdlozdco óh
^ores
Rvenwcco óh
Ces~d Hev~g
Cdro~dl Rvgnekohdh~g
Oh`lïs Dlgkäh -@vdcg/ -@ol`gkgos~gv/
Rgvwdhe -Dsrolld`d, Cdhndke/
Fdvehgs ngl Dzúcdv Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
GH@DHC MG E~ev`dv swglne rev dngldh~dne rdvd ghngwndv g}rle~dv
Ces~d Hev~g Sogvvd Cgh~vdl
Kohgves ^ores _DHDCEH DJG
CEVVG VËD
Kene ng ^vdfdje ng ld ~ogvvd ng wh mdcghndne d gscldyoske ng lds cekwhondngs cdkfoe ng wh dkdzóhocds KDHD_ e rdvcgld rdvd g}~vdgv cdkrgsohd cdwcme
Sogvvd Swv
Sglyd Rgvwdhd
6
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
RVOHCORDLGS RVOHCORDLGS VGRVGSGH^DH^GS VGRVGSGH^DH^GS NG LD VGRÚFLOCD VGRÚFLOCD DVOS^ECVÄ^OCD DVOS^ECVÄ^OCD Ohocoe ld dnkohos~vdcoóh coyolos~d( Rdvd glle sg noe rdse d ld @EF( NG GNWDVNE ohygvsoóh Hev~gdkgvocdhd Hev~gdkgvocdhd rgvko~oghne gl gl dccgse d hwgs~ve LERGZ NG ~gvvo~evoe ng Ld Cgvve ng Rdsce Kohhoh` Cekrdh( VEKDÔD -4=??+ + Sg iovkó gl ~vd~dne ~v d~dne Eskd+ Yolldzóh ceh Feloyod( Dngkäs sg 4?23/ vekroó vgldcoehgs norlekä~ocds ceh Cmolg( + cehselonó gl rd~veh kehg~dvoe ng eve -Lofvd rgvwdhd ng eve/( @EF( NG KDHWGL Sg cehs~vwg gl ^vdhyëd Lokd+ Cmevvolles( CDHNDKE -4?23+ + Kwgvg ngfone d wh cähcgv dl gs~ekd`e( Rev gs~g ke~oye iwg vggkrldzdne gh gl `efogvhe rev Sgvdroe Cdlngvóh( 4?2>/ VGIEVKD GNWCD^OYD( Gh 4?27, rvekwl`d ld lg ng ld `vd~wondn ng ld ghsgôdhzd rvokdvod @EFOGVHE NG Vghdcg ld Kdvohd ng `wgvvd ceh ld cekrvd ng les cvwcgves lo`gves JESÏ RDVNE _ dlkovdh~g @vdw Cevehgl Fele`hgso FDVVGND -4?2>+ Sg Gldfevd gl Rvegc~e Kdhzdholld, rvgsgh~dnd rev Jesï Kd~ëds 4?2=/ Kdhzdholld: Kgjevds ldfevdlgs: Mo`oghg sg`wvondn ng les l es ~vdfdjdnevgs, ngscdhse eflo`d~evoe Cehs~vwg ld CVOR^D NG LES MGVEGS( GL @EFOGVHE RVEKWL@D LD LG_ CEH^VD DCCONGH^GS DCCONGH^GS NG ^VDFDJE Ld RGEV CVOSOS CVOSOS IVEH^GVOZD: IVEH^GVOZD: Iovkd ngl ^vd~dne ^vd~dne Lokë~veig 4º @EFOGVHE NG Ydlygvng – Vëe Fldhce, ceh Fvdsol, gl ^vd~dne Selóh Rele -Rgvú/ DW@WS^E F( – Ndhogl Sähcmgz Fws~dkdh~g-Feloyod/ Fws~dkdh~g-Feloyod/ LG@WËD Rvokgvd `vdh mwgl`d ng les efvgves ~g}~olgs ng D~g Yo~dv~g( -4?2=+ 4?46/ Ld mdzdôd ng Jev`g Cmäygz -63 ng sgr~ogkfvg 4?42/ dl cvwzdv les Dlrgs( Ngscwfvokogh~e ng Kdcmwroccmw -6> ng jwhoe ng 4?44/ rev Movdk Foh`mdh Rvokgv rvgsongh~g RERWLOS^D NGL RGVW -rvokgv efvgve/( Rdh `vdhng( E~ev`ó ld jevhdnd ldfevdl ng = mevds rdvd les ~vdfdjdnevgs ngl @WOLLGVKE KWGLLG NÄVSGHD NGL CDLLDE( FOLLOH@MWVS^ -4?46+ 4?4>/ Kd~dhzd ng cdkrgsohes gh Dzäh`dve Cmwcwo~e rev les `dkehdlgs( Gs~dlld ld vgfgloóh cdkrgsohd gh Rwhe, longvdnd l ongvdnd rev Vwko Kdtwo -^genekove @w~ogvvgz Cwgyd/ d cdwsd ng ld g}rle~dcoóh gl ld~oiwhnoske( Noe gl `elrg ng gs~dne ceh~vd lds vgievkds RERWLDVGS( Gl 47 ng d`es~e ng 4?4> sg ohdw`wvó gl Cdhdl ng Rdhdkä fdje gl ESCDV V( ceh~vel ng les GG(WW( FGHDYONGS -4?4>+ Sg d`vdyd gl rveflgkd ceh ld Lehneh Rdcoioc Rg~velowk Cekrdh 4?47/ sefvg ld Fvgd Rdvoôds -Rg~velge/( Ohocoó ng ld @VDH @WGVVD -O `wgvvd Kwhnodl, 6= ng jwloe ng 4?4>/( SG ND LDS = MEVDS NG ^VDFDJE D HOYGL HDCOEHDL ( Rdve `ghgvdl gh Lokd Lokd ng ~vgs nëds 43, 4> 47 ng ghgve ng 4?4? 6º JESÏ RDVNE _ g}o`oghne ld Lg ng lds = mevds ng ~vdfdje( FDVVGND Mwhnokogh~e ngl Fdvce rgvwdhe Lev~eh rev DLGKDHOD -sg vekrg -4?47+ 4?4? vgldcoehgs norlekä~ocds/( Vgyelwcoóh Felcmgyotwg -Vwsod/( Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
3
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
LDS IDKOLODS DVOS^ECVD^OCDS
CELEKFOD GCWDNEV
Les dsrolldnd, Les Rdvnes les Ng ld Rognvd -LDKFD_GTWG / Les Ldvce Cdhndke -LD LOFGV^DN/
FVDSOL
Les Rvdne -Mwdhwce/ Les Lg`wod Kovó Twgsdnd -LOKD/
Les @wofseh _ Les Voag~~s -RWHE/ FELOYOD
Les Vekdôd -DVGTWORD/
CMOLG
^VD^DNES IVEH^GVOZES RDOS IVEH^GVOZE ^VD^DNES _ @EFOGVHE FVDSOL YGLDVNG+ VËE FVDHCE -4?2=/ 4 @ef( Ng Lg`wod FELOYOD RELE+ FWS^DKDH^G -4?2=/ 4 @ef( Ng Lg`wod CELEKFOD SDLEKÓH – LEZDHE -4?66/ + 6 @ef( Ng Lg`wod CMOLG ^VD^DNE NG LOKD + Vdnd @dkoe – Io`wgved Ldvvdëh( -4?6?/ 6 @ef( Ng Lg`wod GCWDNEV Rve~ecele Vëe ng Jdhgove + Dc~d @lefdl ng Rdz( -4??=/ 6 @ef( Iwjokevo Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
>
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL SG@WHNE @EFOGVHE NG D@WS^E F( LG@WOD “GL EHCGHOE NG LG@WOD‛ -4?4? – 4?32/ Iwg wh rvgsongh~g rerwlos~d, dw~evo~dvoe rvehev~gdkgvocdhe( Moze lldkdvsg “Júro~gv Rvgsongh~g‛ Rvgsongh~g‛ ó “gl @o`dh~g ngl Rdcëioce‛( Glgccoehgs 4?4?: res~wld rev gl Rdv~one Ngkócvd~d Vgievkos~d Llg`d dl rengv rev `elrg ng Gs~dne ceh~vd Jesï Rdvne Cogvvd gl ceh`vgse cehyecd d whd Dsdkflgd Cehs~o~wgh~g rvgsonond rev rev gl jwvos~d Kdvodhe Cevhgje Cevhgje DSRGC^E RELË^OCE Rvekwl`d ld Cehs~o~wcoóh ng 4?62 , fdsg jwvënocd ng ld “RD^VOD HWGYD‛ Ngsrldzd ngl rengv d ld elo`dvtwëd -6ne coyoloske/ Swv`g gl DRVD -Mdd/ gl R( Secodlos~d -Kdvoä~g`wo/ Relë~ocd vgglgccoehos~d -ghkoghnds cehs~o~wcoehdlgs – dv~ëcwle 443/ Iwg ngvvecdne rev gl `elrg ng Gs~dne ng Lwos K( Sähcmgz Cgvve -Dvgtword/ EHCGHOE NG ngrghnghcod ngl cdro~dloske GG( WW( -relë~ocd ng Dcgh~úd ngrghnghcod D@WS^E( F( gkrvïs~o~es/ LG@WËD Idyevgcg les ghcldygs gh gl Rgvú: iovkd gl Ldwne ng Rdvës -4?4? – 4?32/ -Cdse ORC/ DSRGC^E Ivdsg: “Gh ld ces~d ovvo`e, gh ld sogvvd cekwhoce, gh ld sglyd GCEHÓKOCE celehoze‛( ngl Cvdca -4?6?/ Digc~dne rev ld cvosos gcehókocd ngl Okrldh~ó gl Sel ng Eve, ceke hwgyd whondn kehg~dvod( Sg cvgó Ld Ceh~vdlevëd @ghgvdl ng ld Vgrúflocd gl 69 ng sg~ogkfvg ng 4?6?( Ceohcong ceh gl keyokogh~e ohno`ghos~d Rvekwl`d gl Nëd ngl Ohnoe -6> ng Jwhoe/ Vgcehecg lds cekwhondngs ohnë`ghds hd~oyds DSRGC^E Cvgd gl Rd~vehd~e ng ld Vdzd Ohnë`ghd SECODL Ke~ëh ng gs~wnodh~gs rev cehsd`vdcoóh ngl Rgvú dl Sd`vdne Cevdzóh ng Jgsús -Mdd/ Sg rvenwcg gl keyokogh~e ng vgievkd whoygvso~dvod k gnods Swv`g wh hwgye rve~d`ehoske ng lds cldsgs kgnods wvfdhds CELEKFOD: Sdlekóh – Lezdhe -Gh~vg`d gl ^vdrgcoe Dkdzóhoce, vgcofg Swcwkfoes/ Swcwkfoes/ DSRGC^E OH^GVHD CMOLG: Vdnd @dkoe – Io`wgved Ldvvdëh -Vgcwrgvd ^dchd, gh~vg`d Dvocd/ COEHDL CDSE RGVWYODH CEVREVD^OEH: Gh~vg`ó les igvvecdvvolgs d rgvrg~wondn(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
7
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
Relë~ocd gs~d~dl ng cehs~vwccoóh ng cdvvg~gvds: Dy( Lg`wëd -me Dvgtword/, Dy( Gl Rve`vgse -me Yghgzwgld/, Dy( Whoóh -me Dv`gh~ohd/ Sg iwhnó ld Gscwgld ng Dyodcoóh ng Lds Rdlkds Sg cvgó ld gscwgld ng ld @wdvnod Coyol Relocëd -4?4?/ Lg ng cehscvorcoóh yodl twg digc~ó d les ohnë`ghds -ko~d vgrwflocdhd/ G}rdhsoóh wvfdhd -Fdvvoe ng Sdh~d Fgd~voz/ gkfgllgcokogh~e ng Lokd Gs~dflgcg gl sdldvoe këhoke Cglgfvdcoóh: Cgh~ghdvoe ng ld Ohngrghnghcod, fd~dlld ng Ddcwcme
EFVDS MGCMES
RDV^ONE NG KDSDS RDV^ONE SECODLOS^D NGL RGVÚ -4?6=/ + Vggkrldzó gl RDV^ONE CEKWHOS^D RGVWDHE -4?32/
RDV^ONE RELO^OCE LONGV
YOC^EV VDWL MD_D NG LD ^EVVG
JESG CDVLES KDVOD^G@WO
Rveyghëd ng whd kengs~d idkolod ketwg`wdhd k etwg`wdhd(( + Rgvoenos~d dw~enondc~d( “Sog~g ghsdes ng ld vgdlondn rgvwdhd‛ -4?6=/
VGYELWCOEH SECODLOS^D -Cldsg rvelg~dvod/ Dswkg ld vgndccoóh vgndccoóh ng noygvses dv~ëcwles gh gl nodvoe “Ld Rvghsd‛ Iwhnd gl nodvoe “Ld Vdzóh‛ + Kdvoä~g`wo gs g}rwlsdne d Gwverd Lwcmd ceh~vd gl dh~ookrgvodloske
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
DRVD -DLODHZD RERWLDV VGYELWCOEHDVOD NG DKÏVOCD/ DKÏVOCD/ -4?6>/ + RDV^ONE DRVOS^D RGVWDHE -4?34/
Rveyghëd ng whd rgtwgôd dvos~ecvdcod ~vwjolldhd + Gs~wnodh~g novo`gh~g whoygvso~dvoe gh ^vwjolle Lokd
EVO@GH
“Gl dh~o+ okrgvodloske gl DRVD‛ -4?6=/
EFVD
NGFD^G ONGELE@OCE
VGYELWCOEH CDRO^DLOS^D -Kwl~ocldsos~d/
MGCMES
+ Dswkg ld rvgsonghcod ng ld Igngvdcoóh ng Gs~wnodh~gs ngl Rgvú -IGR/ + Rwflocd ld vgyos~d “Cldvondn‛
Whd vgyelwcoóh twg reh`d ioh dl cdro~dloske
9
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
VGSWKGH GCEHEKËD RELË^OCE
DSDKFLGD DSDKFLGD HDCOEH HDCOEHDL DL CEHS^O^WCOÓH 4?62 -4?66 – 4?69/ RD^VOD HWGYD
GKRVÏS^O^ES HEV^GDKGVOCDHES SEL NG EVE – FDHCE NG VGSGVYD + DCWGVNE SDLEKÓH – @VDH^ NWII -rg~vólge -rg~vólge Ld Fvgd Fvgd Rdvoôds/ ORC
RGVSGCWSOÓHÏS -@gvkäh Lg`wëd/ CEHSD@VDCOÓH DL CEVDZÓH NG JGSÚS CGH^GHDVOE NG OHNGRGHNGHCOD -4?64/ _ FD^DLLD NG D_DCWCME -4?6>/ MGCME EFVDS
MD_D NG LD ^EVVG: DRVD -4?6>/ JESÏ C( KDVOD^G@WO: RDV^ONE SECODLOS^D -4?6=/ RVEFLGKD OHNË@GHD – LG_ NG CEHSCVORCOÓH YODL – LG_ NG YD@DHCOD
EHCGHO E NG LG@WËD
OH^GVHE
SECODL
G]^GVH E
CELEKFOD: ^vd~dne Sdlekóh – Lezdhe % gh~vg`d ng Lg~ocod( CMOLG: ^vd~dne Vdnd @dkoe – Io`wgved Ldvvdëh e Lokd % gh~vg`d ng Dvocd RLDZDS, RDVTWGS, DYGHONDS, EFVDS NG OVVO@DCOÓH, KENGVHOZDCOÓH RWGV^E NGL CDLLDE _ EFVDS WVFDHDS
IOH NGL @EFOGVHE
CVOSOS NG 4?6? SWFLGYDCOÓH NG DVGTWORD 4?32
GL ^GVCGV KOLO^DVOSKE e KOLO^DVOSKE KOLO^DVOSKE NG LD CVOSOS -4?32 – 4?3?/
|
KDHWGL KDVËD REHCG
KDVODHE MEL@WOH
@WS^DYE JOKGHGZ “gl zevve‛
4?32
4?34 LWOS K( SDHCMGZ CGVVE
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
VOCDVNE LGEHCOE GLODS
NDYON SDKGHGZ ECDKRE 0
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
LD JWH^D NG @EFOGVHE _ LWOS SDHCMGZ CGVVE -4?32 – 4?33/
JWH^DS NG @EFOGVHE -4?32 – 34/
Kdvze ng 4?34/
LWOS SÄHCMGZ CGVVE -4?34 – 4?33/
Kdhwgl Kdvëd Rehcg -@efgvhó ngl 67 dl 60 ng D`es~e 4?32/ Lwos K( Sähcmgz Cgvve -D`es~e 4?32 – Kdvze 4?34/ Ngve`ó ld lg ng cehscvorcoóh yodl, gs~dflgcg gl ^vofwhdl ng Sdhcoóh Hdcoehdl, ceh~vd~d les sgvyocoes ngl gcehekos~d hev~gdkgvocdhe Gnpoh Agkkgvgv -“Gl l d cehygvsoóh ngl nec~ev kehgnd‛/ rdvd dsgsevdv dl Rgvú( Rverehg ld Fdhce ng Vgsgvyd gh wh Fdhce Cgh~vdl( Kehsgôev Kdvodhe Mel`wëh -@efgvhó rev dl`whds mevds gl 4 ng
Vocdvne Lgehcoe Glëds -@efgvhó ngl 4 dl 7 ng Kdvze ng 4?34/ @ws~dye Jokïhgz -@efgvhó ngl 7 dl 44 ng Kdvze ng 4?34/ Ndyon Sdkdhgz Ecdkre -44 ng Kdvze – = Nocogkfvg 4?34/ Rvekwl`ó ld Lg Glgc~evdl ng 4?34 twg gs~dflgcoó gl ye~e sgcvg~e , cvgd gl JHG/ Res~wld rev gl Rdv~one Whoóh Vgyelwcoehdvod -rdv~one ng ~ghnghcod Idscos~d/
^vowhid ivgh~g d Yëc~ev Vdúl Mdd ng ld ^evvg rev gl Rdv~one Drvos~d Rgvwdhe Gl DRVD ngcldvd d sw lëngv ceke “rvgsongh~g kevdl ngl Rgvú‛( So~wdcoóh gcehókocd: sg rveleh`d ld cvosos cdro~dlos~d gh gl Rgvú ohocodnd gh 4?6?( Sg gs~dflgcg ld Lg ng Gkgv`ghcod twg swsrghng lds `dvdh~ëds rúflocds, okrong gl ngvgcme ng lofvg vgwhoóh, cldwswvd ng rwflocdcoehgs( Ceh gs~d lg sg ohocod ld l d rgvsgcwcoóh d les drvos~ds( Mdd gs rwgs~e fdje rvosoóh( Gl 0 ng kde ng 4?36 sg dke~ohd gh gl Cdllde ld ~vo rwldcoóh ng les cvwcgves “@vdw‛ “Fele`hgso‛( Iwgveh iwsoldnes ecme kdvohgves ngsrwïs ng wh jwocoe kdvcodl( Gl = ng kde ng 4?36 sg cldwswvó ld Whoygvsondn Kdev ng Sdh Kdvces( Gl 0 ng jwloe ng 4?36 sg rvenwcg ld vgfgloóh drvos~d gh ^vwjolle( Kdhwgl Fdvvg~e -Fúidle Fdvvg~e/ longvd ld ~ekd ngl cwdv~gl Vocdvne E‟ Neheydh nehng nehng kwgvgh eiocodlgs( Ngsng Lokd sg ghyëdh ghyëdh ~verds ngl gjgvco~e whondngs ng ld dyodcoóh -ngfw~ kolo~dv ng ld iwgvzd dïvgd rgvwdhd/( Gl 60 ng jwloe sg rvenwcg ld kd~dhzd ng wh húkgve húkgve ohng~gvkohdne ng drvos~ds okrlocdnes gh ld vgywgl~d, v gywgl~d, iwsoldnes gh lds vwohds ng Cmdh Cmdh( So~wdcoóh g}~gvoev: Gl ohcongh~g ceh Celekfod rev ld vgcwrgvdcoóh ng Lg~ocod( Gh dfvol ng 4?33 sg rvekwl`ó ld Cehs~o~wcoóh ng 4?33( Gh sw Dv~ëcwle =9 sg gs~dflgcoó twg `ezdh ngl ngvgcme ng swivd`oe gh glgccoehgs kwhocordlgs lds kwjgvgs rgvwdhds kdevgs ng gndn, lds cdsdnds e twg le mddh llg`dne d sw kdevëd(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
=
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Gl 32 ng dfvol ng 4?33 sg rvenwcg gl dsgsohd~e ng Sähcmgz Cgvve kogh~vds rdsdfd vgyos~d, gh dl dh~o`we Morónveke ng Sdh~d Fgd~voz -me Cdkre ng Kdv~g/, d whes ~vgoh~d kol keyolozdflgs, ceh kovds dl cehiloc~e ceh Celekfod( Gl dw~ev ngl d~gh~dne iwg ongh~oiocdne ceke Dfgldvne Kghnezd Lgyd, Lgyd, kogkfve ngl Rdv~one Drvos~d ngsng 4?34( 4?34( Gl Ceh`vgse Cehs~o~wgh~g glo`oó rvgsongh~g dl `ghgvdl Fghdyongs(
MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL SG@WHNE @EFOGVHE NG ESCDV V( FGHDYONGS -4?33 – 4?3?/( Ngcvg~d ld lg ng dkhos~ëd `ghgvdl rdvd ereso~evgs, vgdfvg ld Whoygvsondn Hdcoehdl ng Sdh Kdvces fdje gl lgkd “Evngh, Rdz ^vdfdje‛ “rdz cehcevnod‛( Gkrgve hwgydkgh~g gl DRVD sg erehg, gh~ehcgs sg rehg gh yo`ghcod ld lg ng gkgv`ghcod( Sg okrlgkgh~ó gl sg`wve secodl eflo`d~evoe rdvd efvgves( - ceh~veldv rvgcoes ng rvenwc~es ng Sg iwhnd ld swrgvoh~ghnghcod ng foghgs~dv secodl -ceh~veldv rvokgvd hgcgsondn/( Sg rvekwl`d gl cóno`e coyol ng 4?39 twg gs~dflgcg gl kd~vokehoe coyol gl noyevcoe( Sg ohocoó ld cehs~vwccoóh ng ld cdvvg~gvd Rdhdkgvocdhd gl rwgv~e ng Kd~dvdho( Sg le`vó gyo~dv gl cehiloc~e ceh Celekfod ceh ld iovkd ng wh Rve~ecele ng Dkos~dn ng lëko~gs Ceergvdcoóh -4?3>/ twg vd~oiocó v d~oiocó les dcwgvnes ngl ~vd~dne Sdlekóh – Lezdhe rgvwdhd gl vï`okgh ngl Idscoske O~dlodhe -nec~vohd -nec~vohd relë~ocd ng Drlocdveh d ld secogndn rgvwdhd cdväc~gv ~e~dlo~dvoe cmdwyohos~d/( Gh 4?39 cehyecó d glgccoehgs gh nehng gl cdhnond~e Jesï Dh~ehoe G`wo`wvgh, ef~ghëd ld kdev ye~dcoóh ceh gl dree ng les drvos~ds( Rev le twg iwg dhwldne sg rvevve`d gl `efogvhe ng Fghdyongs( Gh Lokd gl 47 ng kde ng 4?37, Cdvles S~ggv Ldieh~, dsgsohó dl novgc~ev ngl nodvoe GL CEKGVCOE, Dh~ehoe Kovó Twgsdnd d sw gsresd Kdvëd Ldes ng Kove Twgsdnd gh ld rldzd Sdh Kdv~ëh( Gh gl ceh~ ceh~g} g}~e ~e oh~g oh~gvh vhdc dcoe oehd hdll sg noe noe ld `wgv `wgvvd vd coyo coyoll gsrd gsrdôe ôeld ld,, gs~d gs~d `wgv `wgvvd vd iwg iwg gl dh~gcgngh~g rvohcordl dl ngsdvvelle ng ld sg`whnd `wgvvd kwhnodl( 4Sg vgcehs~vwg gl Rdldcoe ng @efogvhe sg ~gvkohd gl Rdldcoe ng Jws~ocod( Sg nocg twg gl nëd ng sw ohdw`wvdcoóh, Fghdyongs lgydh~ó ld yos~d noje: “Kwcme rdldcoe rdvd recd jws~ocod‛( Cehyecó ó d glg rvgsgh~dve ~dveh h ceke ceke cdhno cdhnond~ nd~es es Kdhwg Kdhwgll Rvdne Rvdne Cehyec glgcco ccoeh ehgs gs ng 4?3 4?3??, sg rvgsgh vgrvgsgh~dh~g ng ld Elo`dvtwëd ohnws~vodl Jesï Twgsdnd vgrvgsgh~dh~g ng ld elo`dvtwëd e`ve g}rev~dnev( Llgydne les cekocoes `dhó Kdhwgl Rvdne(
MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL RVGSONGH^G KDHWGL RVDNE W@DV^GCMG -4?3? – 4?>7/
Cvgó ld cevrevdcoóh rgvwdhd ngl Dkdzehds ceh gl ioh ng ndv okrwlse d ld ohnws~vod ngl cdwcme( Sg cehs~vwó gl Mesro~dl Efvgve -me Dlkghdvd/ gl fdvvoe Efvgve gh gl Vëkdc( Ceh gkrvïs~o~e sg cehs~vwó ld cgh~vdl monveglïc~vocd ngl Sdh~d, dsë ceke ld songvwv`od ng Cmokfe~g( Sg ohocoó ld g}rle~dcoóh ngl mogvve ng Kdvcehd ceh cekrdôëds hev~gdkgvocdhds ^MG W^D^ CEHS^VWCCOEH( Sg cvgó ld Cevrevdcoóh Rgvwdhd ng Dyodcoóh Cekgvcodl -CEVRDC/( Mdcod 4?>3 sg rvenwcg gl ohcghnoe ng ld Fofloe~gcd Hdcoehdl ngl Rgvú iwg hekfvdne Jev`g Fdsdnvg, sw novgc~ev(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
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m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Cvgó gl ngrdv~dkgh~e ng ^wkfgs Rdsce( LD @WGVVD CEH GCWDNEV -4?>4/( gl 7 ng jwloe ng 4?>4, ~verds gcwd~evodhds ohydngh ld zehd ngl vëe Zdvwkolld, d~dcdhne gl rwgs~e ng D`wds Ygvngs e~ve ceh~oh`gh~g kolo~dv gcwd~evodhe ld Cevnollgvd ngl Cóhnev mds~d gl vëe Rw~wkde( g}rdhsoehos~d gcwd~evodhd gl dl~e kdhne kolo~dv rgvwdhe rgvwdhe ev`dhozó Dh~g ld d`vgsoyondn g}rdhsoehos~d nes ivgh~gs ng ergvdcoehgs: ergvdcoehgs: Ld ces~d: Cehievkdnd rev lds ~verds ng D`vwrdkogh~e Hev~g -Gjïvco~e, Kdvohd, Dyodcoóh ld Relocëd/ ~enes dl kdhne ng ng Gle @( Wvg~d( Gl 63 ng jwloe sg ohocoó ld fd~dlld ng Zdvwkolld twg so`hoiocó whd ceh~whngh~g yoc~evod rgvwdhd1 lds ~verds rgvwdhds llg`dveh d ecwrdv ld rveyohcod ng GL EVE dh~g ld gscdsd vgsos~ghcod gcwd~evodhd Sg rvenwcg gl sdcvoiocoe ng Jesï Dfgldvne Twoôóhgz -kä}oke mïveg ng ld IDR/ dl gs~dlldv sw hdyg sefvg whd fdsg gcwd~evodhd( Hev+Evogh~g: gh gl ngrdv~dkgh~e ng Levg~e, lds ~verds rgvwdhds ng ld Twoh~d noyosoóh gs~dfdh dl kdhne ngl `ghgvdl Dh~ehoe Solyd Sdh~ogs~gfdh( Ld ergvdcoóh kolo~dv iwg g}o~esd ecwrdveh rwgs~es gcwd~evodhes ngsng ld cevnollgvd ngl cóhnev mds~d Lejd( Sg rvenwcg ld fd~dlld ng Vecdiwgv~g( Gl 34 ng jwloe ng 4?>4, gl `efogvhe ng Kdhwgl Rvdne dcgr~ó ld kgnodcoóh ng Dv`gh~ohd, Fvdsol, Gs~dnes Whones Cmolg -RDOSGS @DVDH^GS/, lwg`e gl 6 ng ec~wfvg ng 4?>4 sg iovkó gl Dcwgvne ng ^dldvd( Gl 6? ng ghgve ng 4?>6 sg iovkó gl “Rve~ecele ng Rdz, Dkos~dn Lëko~gs‛ gh Vëe ng Jdhgove( Rev ïs~g ~vd~dne gl Rgvú rgvnoó 442(0?> Ak6 ng ~gvvo~evoe, iwg whd rdz g}o`ond rev GG(WW( Gl 42 ng jwhoe ng 4?>7 cehyecó d glgccoehgs, les cdhnond~es, gh~vg e~ves, iwgveh gl `ghgvdl Gle Ivg~d Jesï Lwës Fws~dkdh~g Voygve olws~vg dfe`dne Dvgtworgôe, fdje gl rdv~one ng Ivgh~g Ngkecvä~oce Hdcoehdl -IVGNGHD/ ceh vgsrdlne ngl DRVD( Llgydne les cekocoes `dhó Fws~dkdh~g Voygve(
MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL RVGSONGH^G JESÏ LWOS FWS^DKDH^G _ VOYGVE -4?>7 – 4?>=/ Gl IVGNGHD, gs~wye ievkdne rev les l es so`wogh~gs rdv~ones: Gl Rdv~one Drvos~d Rgvwdhe, Les `vwres sohnocdlos~ds, Ld Dccoóh Rgvwdhd, Gl Rdv~one Secodlos~d ng Lwcodhe Cds~olle Dccoóh Ngkecvä~ocd Rgvwdhd( Rgvwdhd( Ievkó whd dlodhzd relë~ocd ceh gl DRVD lldkdnd Ivgh~g ngkecvä~oce hdcoehdl( Gl okrgvodloske Hev~gdkïvocd, ~vds sw yoc~evod gh ld sg`whnd `wgvvd kwhnodl ohocoe whd hwgyd idsg ng g}rdhsoóh cekgvcodl, cehnocoehdhne ld fdjd ng g}rev~dcoehgs( Sg rvenwcg iwgv~g eresocoóh ngl ceh`vgse novo`ond rev kdevëd drvos~d( Gl ngvgcmos~d Rgnve Fgl~väh, ohco~ó d twg les ceh`vgsos~ds ng dccoóh Rgvwdhd he dsos~dh dl ceh`vgse rdvd ngjdv soh twóvwk(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
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m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Sohnocdlozdcoóh d`o~dcoóh efvgvd, sg vgcehecoó käs ng 69> sohnocd~es( Ld rvokgvd ygz twg les drvos~ds rvekeyogveh whd &lg kevndzd& iwg gh 4?>7, cwdhne ~ghëdh kdevëd rdvldkgh~dvod( Gh ld GKCM, les gh~vghdkogh~es kolo~dvgs ng ~ove iwg ceh nes kwôgces: whe cmolghe e~ve drvos~d( Rev ngcvg~e swrvgke Hº 0=4 ngl 4 ng d`es~e d`es~e ng 4?>0, sg gs~dflgcg twg ld sefgvdhëd ng hwgs~vd hdcoóh sg g}~oghng mds~d lds 622 kollds kdvohds -302(> Ak(/( Lds nescogh~ds kollds sg noe fdjd iwhndkgh~e: gcehókoce, votwgzd oc~oeló`ocd1 jwvënoce, `geló`oce rve~g`gv ld sefgvdhëd hdcoehdl( DSRGC^E
KDHWGL RVDNE W@DV^GCMG 4?3? + 4?>7
JESÏ LWOS FWS^DKDH^G 4?>7 + 4?>=
Dree ngl `efogvhe ng Fghdyongs Fghdyongs IVGNGHD dree ngl DRVD ngl rdv~one cekwhos~d -ceh`vgse/ Cdkrdôd ng dlidfg~ozdcoóh Gjgcw~oye ys( Lg`osld~oye OH^GVHE Cghse ng 4?>2 Dsgsohd~e Ivdhcosce Ivdhcosce @vdôd -Ld Ngcldvd gl nëd ng ld cdhcoóh cvoelld Rvghsd/ – DRVD iwgvd ng ld lg @WGVVD CEH GCWDNEV -4?>4/ Fd~dlld ng Zdvwkolld – Dfgldvne Twoôehgs -IDR/ Dloroe Rehcg -RHR/ ^GSOS NG LD SEFGVDHËD NG LDS G]^GVHE Rve~ecele ng Rdz, Dkos~dn Lëko~gs 622 KOLLDS KDVË^OKDS -4?>0/ ng Vëe ng Jdhgove -4?>6/ RGVÚ +6ND @WGVVD KWHNODL Dlodne ng GG(WW( – ^vd~dne ng Dvvoghnes – g}rwlsoóh ng jdrehgsgs jdrehgsgs Dwkgh~e ng g}rev~dcoehgs g}rev~dcoehgs Noskohwcoóh ng g}rev~dcoehgs, idl~d ng GCEHÓKOCE dc~oyondngs ohnws~vodlgs gkrlge ceh~vel ng rvgcoes ^wkfgs Rdsce – CEVRDC – SCORD – C^R – Cghse ng 4?>2 Gkrvgsd Rg~velgvd Ioscdl – Lg ng MGCMES EFVDS ^gvvgke~e – Ohcghnoe ng Fofloe~gcd _dhdcehdjg – Ceh~vd~e ng Sgcmwvd -Fdsdnvg/ RELË^OCE
MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL RVGSONGH^G KDHWGL DRELOHDVOE ENVOD “GL ECMGHOE‛ -4?>= – 4?79/ GL ECMGHOE(+ sg nghekohd dsë dl `efogvhe twg gjgvcoó Kdhwgl Drelohdvoe Envod nwvdh~g ecme dôes ceh~ohwes1 nes dôes -4?>= – 4?72/ ceke rvgsongh~g ng idc~e e mgcme rvemofone rev ld cehs~o~wcoóh, kogh~vds sgos dôes -4?72 – 4?79/ ceke rvgsongh~g ng ngvgcme d ~vdyïs ng cekocoes ivdwnwlgh~ds( @efgvhó gl rdës ceh sw lgkd “ Sdlwn, Gnwcdcoóh ^vdfdje‛ sw idkesd ivdsg “mgcmes he rdldfvds ‛, iwg whd ïrecd ng `efogvhe lldkdne “Rdh soh Lofgv~dn‛(
Gl 60 ng ec~wfvg ng 4?>= noe gl `elrg ng gs~dne dh~g ld cdó~ocd so~wdcoóh( Gh gl dsrgc~e relë~oce gh 4?72 lldkd d glgccoehgs rdvd lg`dlozdvsg cehs~o~wcoehdlkgh~g rgve rgve so eres ereso~o~ev ev,, revt revtwg wg drvg drvgsd sd d Gvhg Gvhgs~ s~e e Keh~ Keh~do do`h `hg( g( Ceke Ceke cdhn cdhnon ond~ d~e e úhoc úhoce e ló`ocdkgh~g `dhó(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
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m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
_d gh gl rengv swrvokg gl rdvldkgh~e `efogvhd ceh ngcvg~e+lggs( Whd hevkd kw okrev~dh~g rdvd kdh~ghgvsg gh gl rengv iwg “ ld lg ng ld sg`wvondn oh~gvoev ‛ -34 ng Ec~w Ec ~wfv fvg g ng 4?>= 4?>=// d ioh ioh ng vgrv vgrvok okov ov ld eres eresoc ocoó oóh1 h1 sefv sefvg g ~ene ~ene ng ld DRVD DRVD rdv~ rdv~one one CEKWHOS^D( Gl novo`gh~g ngl DRVD Mdd ng ld ^evvg, ~wye twg dsoldvsg nwvdh~g cohce dôes gh ld gkfdjdnd ng Celekfod( Sw kdhnd~e noc~d~evodl noztwg iwg gh ngighsd ng ld rd~vod ceh~vd gl drvoske g moze lldkdvsg “Vgyelwcoóh Vgs~dwvdnevd‛( Gh gs~g rgvoene sg `ghgvdlozdh rve~gs~ds rerwldvgs, ngsdvvellähnesg `o`dh~gscds kdhoigs~dcoehgs ng gs~wnodh~gs whoygvso~dvoes dw~evondngs( Gh 4?72 llg`ó ld kosoóh Algoh twg ~ghëd ceke efjg~oye ev`dhozdv ld gcehekëd rgvwdhd ng kdhgvd Lofgvdl, gs~e so`hoiocdfd: dcgr~dv ld ohygvsoóh g}~vdhjgvd( Gh gl dsrgc~e gcehókoce gh~vg 4?>= – 4?73, ngfone d ld `wgvvd Cevgdhd sg ohcvgkgh~dh lds g}rev~dcoehgs ng wh 49(?' dl 34' `ghgvdhne cogv~d fehdhzd gcehókocd( Gh ld kohgvëd rvohcordlgs rvo hcordlgs cekrdôëds g}~vdhjgvds ceke Kdvcehd Koho` Cekrdh -Ocd, mogvve/, Cgvve ng Rdsce Cevrevd~oeh -Jwhëh, zohc/1 Sew~mgvh Rgvú Ceergv Cevrevd~oeh -^dchd, cefvg/ cehsgcoehdh g}rle~dcoóh( Gh 4?76 sg cvgd ld secogndn hdcoehdl ng rgstwgvëd dh~d gl cvgcogh~g oh~gvïs ng mdvohd ng rgscdne -ng ld dhcmeyg~d/( Cvgó gl Kohos~gvoe ng ^vdfdje d ioh ng rve~g`gv les ngvgcmes ldfevdlgs ng les efvgves ~vdfdjdnevgs( Gs~dflgcoó gl sdldvoe nekohocdl gh fghgiocoe ng ld cldsg ~vdfdjdnevd( Cvgó gl sg`wve secodl eflo`d~evoe ngl gkrlgdne( Sg cvgd ld Lg ng Jwfoldcoóh 62732 -Lg ng Cïnwld Yoyd/ Ceke kgnond rerwlos~d gs~dflgcg gl swivd`oe igkghohe gh 4?77 rdvd sel~gvds kdevgs ng 64 dôes cdsdnds ng 4= dôes( Sg cvgd gl Cgh~ve ng Dl~es Gs~wnoes Kolo~dvgs -CDGK/(efjg~oye cvgdv wh cekdhne cehjwh~e ng lds iwgvzds dvkdnds( Iohdlondn “nec~vohd `ghgvdl ng ld hdcoóh‛ ngighngv ld sefgvdhëd hdcoehdl( Le`vó twg ld ngwnd g}~gvhd sg vgnwjgvd gh~vg 049 d 999 kollehgs ng nóldvgs( Gh gl dsrgc~e gnwcd~oye, iekgh~e gl ~vdfdje gnwcd~oye cekwhdl( Iwhnó cehs~vwó lds @vdhngs Whondngs Gsceldvgs gl gnoiocoe ngl Kohos~gvoe ng Gnwcdcoóh( gl 40 ng jwloe ng 4?79 sg cglgfvdveh lds glgccoehgs lofvgs ceh ~vgs cdhnond~es: Kdhwgl Rvdne, Mgvhdhne ng ld Ydllg Igvhdhne Fgldwhng( ^vowhió Kdhwgl Rvdne ceh glle sg ohocod gl vï`okgh lldkdne “ld cehyoyghcod DRVE+RVDNOS^D, vgs~dwvähnesg lds lofgv~dngs relë~ocds(
MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL SG@WHNE @EFOGVHE NGL RVGSONGH^G KDHWGL RVDNE W@DV^GCMG -4?79+4?96/
Ngcvg~d lds lofgv~dngs relë~ocds dkhos~ëd `ghgvdl -drvos~ds cekwhos~ds/ rdvd sws ereso~evgs( Gs~dflgcg whd dlodhzd dlodhzd relë~ocd ceh gl gl DRVD, d ld cwdl sg lg md lldkdne “ rgvoene ng ld cehyoyghcod drve+rvdnos~d‛( Gl DRVD nd wh yovdjg mdcod ld ngvgcmd( Swv`g gl DRVD gl DRVD vgfglng twg gh gl iw~wve cehievkdväh cehievkdväh gl Keyokogh~e ng Oztwogvnd Vgyelwcoehdvod -KOV/( Gh gl kdvce ng ld vgyelwcoóh cwfdhd, Aghhgn -rvgsongh~g ng GG(WW(/ okrldh~ó wh rve`vdkd lldkdne “ DLODHZD RDVD GL RVE@VGSE‛ ceh ld iohdlondn ng gydnov ohilwghcods vgyelwcoehdvods, dl koske ~ogkre dfehó ceh 62 kol kollehgs ng nóldvgs rev ld dnmgsoóh1 dsë ceke rvekeyoó gl gkrlge gh rdësgs ld~ohedkgvocdhes(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
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m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Gh gl dsrgc~e secodl: swv`g keyokogh~es k eyokogh~es cdkrgsohes gh ld rveyohcod cwztwgôd ng ld Cehyghcoóh Ldvgs, longvdne rev Mw`e Fldhce fwsce resgsoóh e ~ekd ng ~ogvvds d idyev ng les cdkrgsohes( Fldhce Fldhce iwg ng ~ghnghcod ^ve~saos~d -vgyelwcoóh -vgyelwcoóh rgvkdhgh~g/ lëngv ngl IOV -ivgh~g ng Oztwogvnd Vgyelwcoehdvod/( Rvgs~ó okrev~dhcod d ld ghsgôdhzd kgnod -gnwcdcoóh sgcwhndvod `vd~wo~d/( Cekghzó gl cvgcokogh~e g}rlesoye ng Whoygvsondngs, cvgähnesg necg whoygvsondngs -Cdg~dhe Mgvgnod, Cgh~ve ngl Rgvú, Ld ngl Rdcoioce, Ld ng Lokd g~c(/( Sg cvgó gl Cekdhne Cehjwh~e ng lds II(DD( twg d`vwró d les ~vgs ohs~o~w~es dvkdnes( Sg nd gl “ gl feek ng ld mdvohd ng rgscdne ‛, soghne gl Rgvú gl rvokgv g}rev~dnev, ceh dwndcod ngl ohnws~vodl Fdhcmgve Vesso(
@EFOGVHE NG JWH^D KOLO^DV -4?96 – 4?93/
^ekd gl rengv lwg`e ng ndv `elrg ng Gs~dne dl `efogvhe ng Rvdne, okronoghne ld dscghsoóh dl rengv ngl DRVD( Ld jwh~d kolo~dv ng `efogvhe gs~dfd gs~dfd cekrwgs~e cekrwgs~e rev gl `ghgvdl `ghgvdl Vocdvne Rïvgz, gl `ghgvdl Hoceläs Lohnlg, gl ~ghogh~g `ghgvdl IDR Rgnve Ydv`ds Rvdnd gl ceh~vdlkovdh~g Ivdhcosce ^evvgs Kd~es( Gh sw rvokgvd idsg iwg rvgsonond rev VOCDVNE RGVGZ @ENE_ Sg vgievkó gl Gs~d~w~e Glgc~evdl rdvd lds hwgyds glgccoehgs ngl dôe so`wogh~g, okrldh~ähnesg ld Coivd vgrdv~onevd Cvgó ld Cekosoóh Hdcoehdl ng Cwl~wvd, gl 6> ng d`es~e ng 4?96, cehygv~ond gh 4?04 gh OHC( Gl 3 ng kdvze ng 4?93 gs vggkrldzdne rev HOCELÄS LOHNLG_( Swv`gh les rvokgves fve~gs `wgvvollgves longvdnes rev Mw`e Fldhce -gh Cwsce/ ld dccoóh ng Gjgvco~e ng Lofgvdcoóh Hdcoehdl -GHL/ - GHL/ Gl reg~d Jdyogv Mgvdwn, kogkfve ngl GHL iwg dsgsohdne gh Kdnvg ng Noes( Cehyecdnds lds glgccoehgs gl `dhdnev ng les Cekocoes iwg gl Dvtwo~gc~e Igvhdhne Fgldwhng ^gvv, ng Dccoóh Rerwldv, twogh dswkg gl Rengv gl 6= ng jwloe ng 4?93(
MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL @EFOGVHE IGVHDHNE FGLDWHNG ^GVV_ -4?93 – 4?9=/
Gh lds hwgyds glgccoehgs ng 4?93, vgswl~d glg`one Fgldwhng ceh gl dree ng ld ngkecvdcod cvos~odhd, ng les cekwhos~ds( Les drvos~ds les envoos~ds -dh~gs ghgko`es/ novo`gh ld eresocoóh( 4D ohocoes ng sw `efogvhe sw lgkd iwg “ Ceh ldkrds y rdlds rdvd whd vgelwcoóh soh fdlds‛ Gh 4?79 sg rvenwcg whd ~gvvoflg sgtwëd gh les ngrdv~dkgh~es ngl swv ngl rdës ecdsoehdhne gl celdrse ng ld gcehekëd idkolodv( Sg swrvokoó ld jwh~d ng heflgs gs~dflg glgccoehgs kwhocordlgs sos~gkä~ocds, gl 49 ng nocogkfvg ng 4?93 gl rwgfle rev rvokgvd ygz glo`g d sws vgrvgsgh~dh~gs gnolgs( Iekgh~d gl sos~gkd ng ceergvdcoóh rerwldv -Kohad/, fdje ld ivdsg gl “rwgfle le moze‛(Sg noe idcolondngs d lds ~vdhshdcoehdlgs, sg `ghgvd ceh~vdnoccoehgs gh~vg sgc~evgs elo`ävtwoces fwv`wgsgs( Sg noe ld ngydlwdcoóh ngl >2' ng ld kehgnd sg vgcwvvoó d les gkrvïs~o~es le twg `ghgve ld vgievkd ~vofw~dvod, glgydhne gl ces~e ng yond, vgcmdze rerwldv lds ko`vdcoehgs oh~gvhds ngl cdkre d ld cowndn( Ld ngwnd g}~gvhd sg ohcvgkgh~ó ng 602 kollehgs d 9=2 kollehgs ng nóldvgs(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
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m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Lg ng ld vgievkd d`vdvod -47237/, iwg fwvecvd~ozdne rev ld eresocoóh fghgiocoó d ld elo`dvtwëd ~gvvd~ghogh~g( Sg llgyd YO cghse ng Refldcoóh gl O ng Yoyoghnd sg vgdlozó gl 6 ng jwloe ng 4?94( Sws vgswl~dnes sgôdldveh wh ~e~dl ng ? ?29 0>9 mdfo~dh~gs, noyonones gh > ?67 74= mekfvgs > ?=4 66= kwjgvgs, kwjgvgs, ceh wh vo~ke ng cvgcokogh~e ng gh~vg 6,7 3,7' dl dôe( Sg `ghgvdh lwcmds sohnocdlgs dh~g ld cvosos gcehókocd resgsoóh ng ~ogvvds evo`ohdhne gl swv`okogh~e ng keyokogh~es ng ohsrovdnes gh lds `wgvvollds cwfdhds( Cehs~vwccoóh ng ld Vgsonghcodl Sdh Iglorg gh Jgsús kdvëd( ohocoó ld cehs~vwccoóh ng ld cdvvg~gvd Kdv`ohdl ng ld Sglyd ld cehs~vwccoóh ng ld cgh~vdl monveglïc~vocd ng Sdh~od`e Dh~whgz ng Kdele( Sg ngcvg~ó ld `vd~wondn ng ld Ghsgôdhzd gh ~enes les hoyglgs Gl 43 ng d`es~e sg iovkd gl dc~d ng ^dldvd rev gl cwdl ~enes les l es cdkres rg~velgves rdsdfdh d rengv ng ld Gkrvgsd Rg~velgvd Ioscdl( Ld Dc~d iwg iovkdnd rev Fgldúhng, rev gl Rvgsongh~g ngl Sghdne Cdvles Kdhwgl Ce} rev gl Rvgsongh~g ng ld Cäkdvd ng Norw~dnes Dhnvïs ^ephsghn Gscwvvd rev les dl~es iwhcoehdvoes ng ld ORC( Gl rvgsongh~g ng ld Gkrvgsd Rg~velgvd Ioscdl( Oh`( Cdvles Levg~ ng Keld gl 42 ng sg~ogkfvg ng 4?9=, nghwhcod twg idl~dfd wh rä`ohd gh gl ceh~vd~e ng rvgcoes Res~gvoevkgh~g sg cehecg twg ld &Rä`ohd 44& sóle gvd whd rä`ohd gh fldhce (
GL @EFOGVHE VGYELWCOEHDVOE NG LDS IWGVZDS DVKDNDS + GL NECGHOE
KOLO^DV -4?9= – 4?=2/ “Ho cdro~dlos~d ho cekwhos~d‛ MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL @EFOGVHE NG JWDH YGLDSCE DLYDVDNE -4?9= – 4?07/
Gl 23 Ec~wfvg ng 4?9= ngcldvd hwld gl Dc~d ng ^dldvd rvecgng d ld hdcoehdlozdcoóh g}rverodcoóh ng les dcokogh~es ng Ld Fvgd Rdvoôds( Gl 2? ng ec~wfvg ng 4?9= g}rveroe les dcokogh~es rg~velgves ng ld Fvgd Rdvoôds gh Rwovd, ngcldvdhne “nëd ng ld no`hondn hdcoehdl‛( Rgve Ohngkhozó d ld ORC rev kogne d ld ghkoghnd Mocaghleergv( Gldfevó gl RLDH OHCD -cehjwh~e ng kgnonds vgievkos~ds/ ceh ld iohdlondn ng cehs~vwov whd ngkecvdcod secodl, dh~oelo`ävtwocd( Whd vgyelwcoóh hdcoehdlos~d, ohngrghnogh~g mwkdhos~d( Cvgdcoóh ng SOH+DKES -Sos~gkd Hdcoehdl ng JWH^D KOLO^DV Jwdh keyolozdcoóh secodl/ d cdv`e ng Lgóhonds Venvë`wgz Ygldsce Dlydvdne Io`wgved dl sgvyocoe ng ld noc~dnwvd( Cehioscó les nodvoes Cekgvcoe, g}~vd Rvghsd -dkfes ng rverogndn ng Kdhwgl Wlled Glëds/ ld vgyos~d Cdvg~ds iwgveh cldwswvdnes gh heyogkfvg ng 4?9=( Gs~dflgcg gl twgcmwd ceke onoekd eiocodl ngl Rgvú( Gs~d~ozdcoóh ng noygvsds cekrdôëds oh~gvhdcoehdlgs: RG^VE RGVW -rg~vólge/, MOGVVE RGVÚ, GHDIGV RGVÚ -igvvecdvvolgs/, DGVE RGVÚ -~vdhsrev~ -~vdhsrev~g g dïvge/, dïvge/, GLGC^VE RGVÚ -ghgv`ëd/, RGSCD RGVÚ, SONGVRGVÚ -Songvwv`od/ CGH^VEKOH RGVÚ, GH^GL RGVW -Cekwhocdcoehgs/, g~c( Sg cvgó Cevrevdcoóh Iohdhcogvd ng Ngsdvvelle -CEIONG/, -CEIONG/, ceh dw~ehekëd dw~ehekëd gcehókocd dnkohos~vd~oyd, cwd cwd iwhcoóh gvd ceevnohdv ceevnohdv ld dccoóh dccoóh iohdhcogvd iohdhcogvd gkrvgsdvodl ngl Gs~dne(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
4>
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
ev`dhozó ld Gkrvgsd Hdcoehdl ng Cekgvcodlozdcoóh ng Ohswkes -GHCO/, ghcdv`dnd ng ld okrev~dcoóh ng ohswkes dv~ëcwles ohnws~vodlgs idyevgcog coghne hne d ld rvenwc rvenwccoó coóh h ohnws~ ohnws~vod vodll hdcoeh hdcoehdl dl Swrvokoó Swrvokoó lds okrev~dcoe okrev~dcoehgs hgs idyevg glgydhne les dvdhcglgs fdje gl lgkd “cehswkd le twg gl Rgvú rvenwcg ‛( cehsgcwghcod ngl ~gvvgke~e ~gvv gke~e ngl 34 ng kde ng 4?02, gh _wh`d, sg cvgd gl Sos~gkd D cehsgcwghcod Hdcoehdl ng Ngighsd Coyol -SOHDNGCO/( kgnodh~g lg Hº 40049, 40049, fdje lds Rvekwl`ó ld vgievkd d`vdvod gl 6> ng jwhoe ng 4?9?, kgnodh~g so`wogh~gs ivdsgs “cdkrgsohe, gl rd~vóh he cekgvä kds ng ~w refvgzd‛ %e “ld ~ogvvd rdvd twogh le ~vdfdjd‛ ( Lds mdcoghnds ces~gôds d`veohnws~vodlgs iwgveh cehygv~onds gh CDRS -ceergvd~oyds d`vdvods ng rvenwccoóh secodl/( lds ~ogvvds ngl `dkehdloske gh ld sogvvd gh SDOS -secogndn d`vëceld ng oh~gvïs secodl/ Iekgh~ó gl cevrevd~oyoske( Cvgó ld C^VR -Cgh~vdl ng ^vdfdjdnevgs ng ld Vgyelwcoóh Rgvw Rgvwdh dhd, d, 4?06 4?06/1 /1 gl Sohno Sohnocd cd~e ~e ng Gnwc Gnwcdn dnev evgs gs ngl ngl Rgvú Rgvú,, 4?0> 4?0>,, ld Cehi Cehign gngv gvdc dcoó oóh h Hdcoehdl D`vdvod1 ceh ld iohdlondn ng `dhdvsg d les ~vdfdjdnevgs ~ vdfdjdnevgs gyo~dv whd sgvog ng mwgl`ds rve~gs~ds( Cvge ld CEKWHONDN OHNWS^VODL, okrlocd twg ~enes les d`gh~gs -~vdfdjdnevgs/ ng whd gh~ondn gkrvgsdvodl rdv~ocordh ng ld dnkohos~vdcoóh lds w~olondngs( Sg cvgó lds GSGR -Gscwglds Swrgvoevgs ng Gnwcdcoóh Rveigsoehdl/, nehng sg e~ev`dfd gl fdcmollgvd~e rveigsoehdl1 lds whoygvsondngs, gscwglds ng eiocodlgs ng lds Iwgvzds Dvkdnds lds Iwgvzds Iwgvzds Relocodlgs, sgkohdvoes vglo`oeses e~vds gscwglds( gscwglds( Sg noe ld vgievkd gnwcd~oyd dje ld rverwgs~d ng ievjdv “ wh mekfvg hwgye ‛, rlghdkgh~g rdv~ocordh~g ng whd secogndn lofvg, selondvod selondvod ngsdvvelldnd rdvd gl ~vdfdje, okfwone ng ydlevgs hdcoehdlgs( Sg gs~dflgcoó les Húclges Gnwcd~oyes Cekwhdlgs -HGC/, gs~vwc~wvdnes gh kendlondn, cocles `vdnes( Sg okrlgkgh~ó gl whoievkg úhoce gh gl rdës( kdh~wye e whd Gh relë~ocd relë~ocd oh~gvhdcoe oh~gvhdcoehdl hdl kdh~wy reso resoco coóh óh ng hgw~ hgw~vd vdlon londn dn -HEDL -HEDL// dh~g dh~g ld VGLDCOÓH CEKGVCODL _ foreldvondn, longvó gl `vwre ng les @ – 00( KOLO^DV CEH LD WVSS rve~gs~ó sefvg ld g}clwsoóh ng Cwfd ng ld EGD ~wye wh dcgvcdkogh~e rdvcodl d ld WVSS( Dntwovoghne dvkdkgh~es vwses noje vgsrgc~e ceh Cmolg “ ye d ngsdwhdv gh Sdh~od`e‛(
MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL @EFOGVHE IVDHCOSCE KEVDLGS FGVKWNGZ -4?07 – 4?=2/ Wh `vwre ng kolo~dvgs d ~vdyïs ngl “kdhoiogs~e ng ^dchd‛ gl 6? ng d`es~e ng 4?07, ngs~o~wg d Ygldsce Dlydvdne, rev sgv wh `efogvhe dw~evo~dvoe vgrvgsoye( iwgvzds dvkdnds gl Ivdhcosce Dswkg gl dl~e kdhne ng lds iwgvzds Kevdlgs Fgvkúngz, ohocod ld sg`whnd idsg ng ld vgyelwcoóh rgvwdhd( Drlocd gl Rldh ^ÚRDC DKDVW OO, fdsdne gh whd relë~ocd gcehókocd iehnekehg~dvos~d sgvyol dl okrgvodloske hev~gdkgvocdhe(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
47
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
4Sg ngcldvó dl dôe 4 ?0? ceke “Dôe ng Hwgs~ves Mïvegs ng ld @wgvvd ngl Rdcëioce‛( Sg cvgd gl ngrdv~dkgh~e ng Wcddlo -4= ng jwhoe ng 4 ?0=/( 4Sg cekghzó d cvgdv Ev`dhoskes ng Ngsdvvelle -EVNGS/ Dc~wdlkgh~g sg lg cwgs~oehd sefvg ld rdv~ocordcoóh gh gl RLDH CEHNEV -kgcdhoske rdvd glokohdv ~end eresoeh ng les `efogvhes noc~d~evodlgs ng Swndkïvocd/(
@VDL( IVDHCOSCE KEVDLGS FGVKWNGZ -4?07 – 4?=2/ RDVE HDCOEHDL -4?00/ ngcong ngyelygv ld ngkecvdcod DSDKFLGD CEHS^O^W_GH^G CEHS^O^W_GH^G -4?0=/ GLGCCOEHGS RVGSONGHCODLGS -4?=2/ RLDH ^WRDC DKDVW Jdyogv Solyd -kohos~ve ng gcehekëd/ gcehekëd/ RDTWG^DZES GCEHÓKOCES -relë~ocd ng gs~dfolozdcoóh vggs~vwc~wvdv vggs~vwc~wvdv ld ngwnd/ MWGL@D @GHGVDL ? JWLOE 4?00 + C@^R
CEHS^O^W_GH^G( CEHS^O^W_ GH^G( Yëc~ev V( Mdd ng ld ^evvg, rvgsongh~g ng ld cehs~o~wgh~g( CEHS^O^WCOÓH 4?0?( 7 ng `efogvhe rvgsonghcodl, sg`whnd ywgl~d glgc~evdl ye~e d les dhdlidfg~es( GLGCCOEHGS RVGSONGHCODLGS 4?=2( Igvhdhne Fgldwhng -DR/ Dvkdhne Yolldhwgyd -DRVD/
IGVHDHNE FGLDWHNG ^GVV_ -6NE/ -4?=2 – 4?=7/
RVGSONGH^GS
RELO^OCE
GCEHEKOCE
OH^GVHE
DSDKFLGD
Dlodhzd DR – RRC RRC -Lwës Fgned/ Dliehse Fdvvdh~gs Fdvvdh~gs -OW – Dlcdlng ng Lokd/ Ngyelygv les kgnoes ng cekwhocdcoóh CVOSOS GCEHÓKOCD Fwvecvdcod, Fwvecvdcod, nïioco~ rvgswrwgs~e dwkgh~e ng refvgzd Ceh~veldv ld OHILDCOÓH Fvgyg dwkgh~e ng g}rev~dcoehgs g}rev~dcoehgs IGHÓKGHE IGHÓKGHE NGL HOÔE 4?=3 SGHNGVE SGHNGVE LWKOHESE( LWKOHESE( Dfokdgl @wzkäh -Ddcwcme, 4?=2/ kdv}os~d – lghohos~d – kdeës~d( KV^D( Yëc~ev Reld Cdkres -Sdh Kdv~ëh, 4?=>/ kdv}os~d + lghohos~d
Cehiloc~e Idlse Rdtwosmd -GCWDNEV/ @wgvvd ng lds Kdlyohds -Dv`gh~ohd ys( Oh`ld~gvvd/ Cdvvg~gvd Kdv`ohdl – IEHDYO – Cgh~vdlgs Monveglïc~vocds – CEHC_^GC – Vgievkd Gnwcd~oyd -rvokdvod – sgcwhndvod – swrgvoev/ Yoso~d ngl Rdrd Jwdh Rdfle OO
DSRGC^E G]^GVHE MGCMES _ EFVDS
@EFOGVHES RERWLOS^DS -4?=2 + 4??2/ MGCMES _ EFVDS NGL SG@WHNE @EFOGVHE NG IGVHDHNE FGLDWHNG -4?=2 – 4?=7/
Gh lds glgccoehgs ng 4?=2 ng wh ~e~dl ng 47 cdhnond~es ef~wye gl >7( 60' ng les ye~es dswkg gl rengv gl 6= ng jwloe ng 4?=2 mds~d 4?=7( Gh relë~ocd gcehókocd drlocd lds vgcg~ds ev~ene}ds ngl IKO, kdh~ghoghne ld cehnocoóh ng rdës g}rev~dnev ng kd~gvods rvokds dl iohdlozdv sw `efogvhe( Rvekwl`ó gl hwgye cóno`e coyol ng 4?=> , twg vgcehecëd, gh~vg e~ves( Gl ngvgcme d ld oh~okondn, ng ld mgvghcod, vgsgvyd ng yez g okd`gh ok d`gh rverod(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
DSDKFLGD CEHS^O^W_GH^G … … … … …
Nos~vo~ Nos~ vo~e e Gl Glgc gc~e ~evd vdll Úhoc Úhoce e 422 42 2 Ceh Cehs~ s~o~o~w wgh gh~g ~gss Ye~e Ye ~e Rv Rvgi gigv gvgh ghco codl dl Cown Co wndn dndh dhëd ëd 4= dô dôes es HE ye ye~e ~e rd rdvd vd dh dhdl dlid idfg fg~e ~ess
34 Ec~wfvg 4?00
49
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Sg cvgd ld hwgyd whondn kehg~dvod, gl OH^O( Ceh~ohúe ceh ld cehs~vwccoóh ng ld cdvvg~gvd kdv`ohdl ng ld sglyd, me lldkdne Fgldwhng ^gvv( Gh relë~ocd gcehókocd sg dlohgd d ld drlocdcoóh ngl kengle hgelofgvdl okrgvodlos~d drlocd gl lldkdne @vdnwdloske gcehókoce( Sg ohdw`wvd les rwgv~es ng ilwyodlgs ng Rwcdllrd _wvokd`wds sg kgjevó gl ng Rwgv~e Kdlnehdne( Sg cehs~vwg gl dgverwgv~e ng rwgv~e Cmdcmdreds1 Cmdcmdreds1 dsë ceke gl d~gvvozdjg ngl dgverwgv~e ng Kdhce Cärdc ng Jwlodcd, dsokoske sg ~gvkohó ceh gl dsidl~dne ng yëd Jwlodcd+ Ngsd`wdngve( 4Sg cvgó gl IEHDYO -Iehne - Iehne Hdcoehdl ng Yoyoghnd/ rdvd ld cehs~vwccoóh ng yoyoghnds: Cehjwh~es mdfo~dcoehdlgs: lds ~evvgs ng Sdh Fevjd, les Rvgcwvsevgs gh Swvce, Kdvfglld gh Kd`ndlghd, Rdcmdcdkdc Rdcmdcdkdc gh gl Cehe Swv, Lokd~dkfe gh Sdh Sdh Fevjd Sdh~d Vesd gh gl Cdllde, Cdvles Cwg~e Igvhdhnoho gh gl Hdvdhjdl( Iwgveh cehs~vwones gh Lokd les rghdlgs Cdh~e @vdhng Sdh Jev`g( Sg cvgó gl CEHC_^GC -Cehsgje Hdcoehdl ng Coghcod ^gchele`ëd/ cvgdne ceh gl ioh ng iekgh~dv ld ohygs~o`dcoóh hdcoehdl( 4Sg iwhnó ld cowndn Cehs~o~wcoóh gh ld Cevnollgvd ngl Cóhnev cvgdhne iveh~gvds yoyds( Sg rehg gh sgvyocoe ngl rldh ng Yoyoghnd sg cvgd gl fdhce ng kd~gvodlgs( Sg vgdlozd ld g}rlevdcoóh ngl mdlldz`e ngl `ds ng cdkosgd d cdv`e ng ld gkrvgsd gs~dnewhonghsg Smgll( Sg cehs~vwg ld vgrvgsd ng CEHNEVEKD, rdvd ovvo`dcoóh Kdjgs1 ld vgrvgsd ng @DLLO^E COG@E, voó Jgtwg~grgtwg ld ovvo`dcoóh CMOVD Rowvd( Sg rvekwl`d whd hwgyd lg ng gnwcdcoóh rvgs~d dree dl sgc~ev sdlwn ceh ld l d cehs~vwccoóh ng lecdlgs CDVVG^GVD KDV@OHDL mesro~dldvoes( NG LD SGLYD 4Dliehse Fdvvdh~gs L( ng Oztwogvnd Whond, idkese rev gs~dflgcgv gl lldkdne “Ydse ng lgcmg‛ Gl 6= ng ghgve ng 4?=3 sg rvenwje ld kdsdcvg ng = rgvoenos~ds gh Wcmwvdccd gh lds dl~wvds ng Ddcwcme, rev rdv~g ng lds vehnds cdkrgsohds( Gl 23 ng dfvol ng 4?=3 sg~gh~d kogkfves ng sghngve lwkohese gh~vdveh d Sdh~od`e ng k ds ng =2 cdkrgsohes( Lwcdhdkdvcd -Mwdkdh`d – ddcwcme/ dsgsohdhne d kds Gh relë~ocd oh~gvhdcoehdl sg rvenwcg wh rveflgkd ~gvvo~evodl ceh gl gcwdnev ngfone d ld idlsd Rdtwosmd -cdkrdkgh~e cvgdne gh swgle rgvwdhe, dhäle`d dl refldne ng Rdtwosmd gcwd~evodhe / Gh selondvondn ceh~ohgh~dl dree d Dv`gh~ohd nwvdh~g ld `wgvvd ses~ghond ceh~vd Oh`ld~gvvd, gh ld lldkdnd `wgvvd ng lds Kdlyohds, gh 4?=6( Kogh~vds GG(WW( rgsg d g}os~ov wh ~vd~dne ng ngighsd kw~wd -^ODV/ dreó d Kdv`dvo~d ^dcmgv, rvokgvd kohos~vd ng Oh`ld~gvvd( CVOSOS _ CEHILOC^E OH^GVHE, swv`okogh~e ng les keyokogh~es swfygvsoyes( SGHNGVE LWKOHESE -SL/
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
@VWRE ^GVVEVOS^D
KEYOKOGH^E VGYELWCOEHDVOE ^WRDC DKDVW DKDVW -KV^D/ -KV^D/ 40
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
DFOKDGL @WZKÄH VG_HESE
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
LONGV
YËC^EV RELD_ CDKRES JWDHJWË -Sdh Kdv~ëh/ Jwhoe 4?=>
CMWSCMO -Dydcwcme/ 40 Kdye 4?=2
OHOCOÓ SW D^DTWG
KDV]OS^D – LGHOHOS^D _ KDEOS^D DRE_E NG LES CDKRGSOHES
ONGELE@OD
KDV]OS^D – LGHOHOS^D
DRE_E
DRE_E NG RVENWC^EVGS OLG@DLGS NG CECD
EFVDS _ MGCMES NGL RVOKGV @EFOGVHE NG DLDH @DVCËD RÏVGZ -4?=7+4??2/ Gh lds glgccoehgs `ghgvdlgs ng 4?=7, Dldh @dvcëd Rïvgz -Rdv~one Drvos~d/ ngvve~ó d Dliehse Fdvvdh~gs Loh`äh Loh`äh -Oztwogvnd Whond/( Rvekg~oó wh & `efogvhe rdvd ~enes les rgvwdhes&( Gl 4? ng jwhoe ng 4?=9 sg rvenwje ld Kd~dhzd ng les Rghdlgs( Kwvogveh käs ng 322 sghngvos~ds twg sg mdfëdh dke~ohdne gh Lwvo`dhcme Gl Iveh~óh( Mwfe kwcmds gjgcwcoehgs g}~vd jwnocodlgs( Sg cvgdh gl Kohos~gvoe ng Ngighsd ld Relocëd Hdcoehdl ngl Rgvú -Sg -Sg whoio whoioce ce ld reloc relocëd ëd hdco hdcoeh ehdl dl,, oh~g oh~g`vd `vdnd nd rev rev ld Reloc Relocëd ëd ng ohyg ohygs~ s~o` o`dc dcoe oehg hgss -ROR -ROR/1 /1 ld `wdv `wdvno nod d coyo coyoll -@C/ -@C/11 ld `wdv `wdvno nod d vgrw vgrwfl floc ocdh dhd d -@V/ -@V/,, rdvd rdvd cekf cekfd~ d~ov ov ld swfy swfygv gvso soóh óh(/ (/(( ^dkfo ^dkfoïh ïh sg cvgó cvgó gl cekd cekdhn hne e rdvdkolo~dv “Venvo`e ivdhce‛, l d Hdcoóh( Sg ohdw`wvd gl Kwsge ng ld 4Sg ohdw`wvó gl Celosge Gnwdvne Nofós Ndkkgv~ gl Celosge cgvvdne Kdvoscdl Cäcgvgs ng ld Gscwgld Kolo~dv ng Cmevvolles( Sg rvekwgyg ld vg`oehdlozdcoóh -46 vg`oehgs/, ngfone dl cgh~vdloske lokgôe Ohocoó gl rvegc~e Cmdyokócmoc ld cgh~vdl ng Cdvmwdtwgves, ohdw`wvó efvds ng Fgldw Fgldwhng hng:: @dllo~e @dllo~e Cog`e, Cog`e, Cmdvcd Cmdvcdho ho Y, Cgh~ve Cgh~ve ng Ohygs~ Ohygs~o`d o`dcoó coóh h Hwclgd Hwclgdvv Escdv Escdv Kovó Kovó Twgsdnd‛ gh Mwdvdh`dl -Lokd/(
Sg gs~dflgcg gh 4?=? hwgs~vd fdsg Kdcmw Roccmw gh ld osld ngl Vg Jev`g, gh ld Dh~äv~ond( Dh~äv~ond( Okrldh~ó wh kengle gcehókoce lldkdne “Mg~gvene}e‛ -relë~ocd ng oh~gvyghcoóh gs~d~dl sglgc~oyd gh ld gcehekëd, fvohndfd swfsonoes gs~d~dlgs/ kgnodh~g gl cwdl loko~ó gl rd`e ng ld ngwnd g}~gvhd ceh sele gl 42' ng les oh`vgses ng g}rev~dcoehgs, gl Iehne Kehg~dvoe Oh~gvhdcoehdl ngcldvó dl Rgvú ceke &rdës he glg`oflg&( swfyghcoehó ld fwv`wgsëd hdcoehdl( -Ngl`dne Rdvagv, Oycmgv, Fvgscod, Hoceloho, g~c(/ d les cehecones ceke les necg drós~elgs d ~vdyïs ng g}ehgvdcoehgs ~vofw~dvods cvgdcoóh ngl nóldv KWC -Kgvcdne Úhoce ng Cdkfoe/( Gl `efogvhe cekghzó ld gkosoóh ohev`ähocd ng follg~gs -“ld kdtwoho~d‛/ soh vgsrdlne vgdl, rdvd dloyodv ld glokohdcoóh `vdnwdl ng swfsonoes, les rdtwg~dzes( Gs~e `ghgvó ld &morgvohildcoóh& ng 0922' drve}okdndkgh~g(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
4=
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Ceke vgcg~ds ng ld CGRDL, gh gl Rgvú g}os~ëd `vdhngs ceh`lekgvdnes gcehókoces ceke: GHCO -gkrvgsd twg rvenwcëd lgcmd d hoygl hdcoehdl/,( GCDSD, ld gkrvgsd hdcoehdl ngl dvvez, ld úhocd rvenwc~evd nos~vofwonevd ng gsg rvenwc~e( GLGC^VELOKD, ld úhocd gkrvgsd twg fvohndfd sgvyocoes ng glgc~vocondn gh ~end Lokd( CR^ Cekrdôëd rgvwdhd ng ^glïiehes, úhocd gkrvgsd gs~d~dl twg fvohndfd gl sgvyocoe ~glgióhoce twg ~ghëd wh sgvyocoe kw loko~dne -gl cgh~ve ng Lokd sóle ceh~dfd ceh 6 ~glïiehes rúfloces/( Iekgh~ó gl gkrlge d ~vdyïs ngl Rve`vdkd ng Dree dl Oh`vgse ^gkrevdl -RDO^/ gs~okwldveh ld ngkdhnd ng cehswke( 4Sg rvenwje ld sg`whnd yoso~d ngl Rdrd Jwdh Rdfle OO dl Rgvú -4> ng kde ng 4 ?==/( 4Rvekwl`ó ld lg ng Sokrloiocdcoóh Sokrloio cdcoóh Dnkohos~vd~oyd -sg dcdfó ceh gl rdrgl sglldne/( Gl 6= ng jwloe ng 4?=0 Dldh @dvcëd dhwhcoó ld gs~d~ozdcoóh ng ld fdhcd( Gvd whd kgnond ngsgsrgvdnd rdvd sdlydv sw `efogvhe ngl ngvvwkfg ioscdl( Gl gscvo~ev Kdvoe Ydv`ds Llesd longvó ld cdkrdôd ceh~vd ld gs~d~ozdcoóh ng ld fdhcd( Gl `efogvhe noe kdvcmd d~väs(
LD NOC^DNWVD COYOCE – KOLO^DV, GL NGCGHOE -4??2 – 6222/ EFVDS _ MGCMES NGL @EFOGVHE NG DLFGV^E AGH_D IWJOKEVO IWJOKEVO Llg`d dl Rengv ceh sw Keyokogh~e relë~oce Cdkfoe ?2 lwg`e ng ngvve~dv gh glgccoehgs dl ldwvgdne heyglos~d Kdvoe Ydv`ds Llesd, lëngv ngl IVGNGKE ceh~dhne ceh gl dree glgc~evdl ngl DRVD ng ld Oztwogvnd( “Mehvdngz ngz,, ~gche ~gchele`ë le`ëdd rverwg wgs~ s~d d gs~d gs~dfd fd fdsd fdsdnd nd gh “Mehvd Sw rver ~vdfdje‛( Les efjg~oyes ngl vï`okgh seh: vgohsgvcoóh iohdhcogvd sg`wvondn oh~gvoev( cdkrdôd, gl = ng d`es~e ng Drlocó gl iwjosmeca, dwhtwg hg`ó gh sw cdkrdôd, 4??2, cdkfoe ng kehgnd ngl Oh~o dl Hwgye Se l, -gl Hwgye Sel twg gtwoydlëd d wh glokoh ohó ó les les swfs swfson onoe oes, s, sg `ghg `ghgvó vó wh rdtw rdtwg~ g~dz dze, e, rgve rgve sg ivgh ivghe e ld Kollóh Kollóh ng Oh~os/ Oh~os/, glok morgvohildcoóh(
( S E H D C O V I D S E O V D L D S , S G S G H E R D J S E O C G V R : d s o c g v r g s d v i d h w s g c h e ~ h g ó ô w c d e c o ~ ë l e r d ~ s o l d h d h W ( & s e l l o s l e f s e l h g d n d h h d ë l d e h g w t s g ~ g l l o f g n h ó ~ h e k h w h e c h e v d v ~ h e c h g g s e v ~ e d v d r d ë n h w g N & , & d z l d l g v d o l d r d v d r s g l d o c e s s d k d v ` e v r s e l g n e ~ h g o k o c g l d ~ v e i o h s e o v d l d s g n e ~ h g k w d e f w m e h y s e ~ c w n e v r s e l g n s e o c g v r s e l s g c g s d o v d h e v d g l g g s , s e o n o s f w s s e l h e v d h o k o l g g S & d o s g ~ s g h d h o s e n d c o l r d g w i a c e m s o j w I l G
ng whd relë~ocd gcehókocd lofgvdl ev~ene}d, ohocoähnesg whd eld ng rvoyd~ozdcoehgs ng lds gkrvgsds rúflocds( Gl 46 ng nocogkfvg ng 4??4 Ld Ev`dhozdcoóh ng lds Hdcoehgs Whonds rdvd ld Gnwcdcoóh, ld Coghcod ld Cwl~wvd -Whgsce/ lg cehiogvg d Lokd ld cd~g`evëd ng Rd~vokehoe Cwl~wvdl ng ld Mwkdhondn( Gh 4??6, sg ohocod gl rvecgse ng rvoyd~ozdcoehgs ng lds gkrvgsds gs~d~dlgs, sg rvoyd~oze MOGVVE+RGVW rev gl cehsevcoe Cmolghe Smew`dh Cevrevd~oeh rev 46 kollehgs ng nóldvgs( Le`vd ld ohsgvcoóh d ld gcehekëd oh~gvhdcoehdl( D ~vdyïs ng ydvoes yodjgs vgwhoehgs gh gl g}~gvoev, cehso`woó gl rvïs~dke ng >67 kollehgs ng nóldvgs ng GG(WW(, dngkäs
Drlocdcoóh
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
4?
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
cehso`woó ld vgiohdhcodkogh~e ng ld ngwnd g}~gvhd ngl Clwf ng Rdvos, dsë ceke gl dce`okogh~e dl rldh Fdhnm( Gl norlekä~oce rgvwdhe Jdyogv Rïvgz ng Cwïlldv vgdlozd yoso~d eiocodl dl Rgvú gh sw cehnocoóh ng sgcvg~dvoe `ghgvdl ng ld Ev`dhozdcoóh ng Hdcoehgs Whonds -EHW/( Gl 46 ng sgr~ogkfvg ng 4??6 ld novgccoóh Hdcoehdl ceh~vd gl ~gvvevoske -NOHCE^G/ dl kdhn kdhne e ngl ngl `ghg `ghgvd vdll Agyo Agyoh h Yond Yondll cdr~wvó dl lëngv lëngv ng Sghng Sghngve ve Lwkohe Lwkohese se,, Dfokdgl @wzkäh, ceh le twg sg vgnwcg gl dccoehdv ~gvvevos~d( gs~dfl flgc gcg g whd whd lg`o lg`osl sldc dcoó oóh h dh~o dh~o~g ~gvve vvevos vos~d ~d sgyg sgygvd vd g ohil ohilg} g}of oflg lg rdvd rdvd gvvd gvvdno nocd cdvv ld Sg gs~d swfygvsoóh -^vofwhdlgs Kolo~dvgs, Jwgcgs soh ves~ve ld lg ng dvvgrgh~okogh~e / Oh~gh~e ng `elrg ng Gs~dne rev rdv~g ng wh `vwre ng `ghgvdlgs gh vg~ove, ghcdfgzdnes rev Jdokg Sdlohds Sgnó Jesï Rds~ev Yoygs( Sg le`vó ld vgohcgvsoóh ngl Rgvú d ld fdhcd oh~gvhdcoehdl( l ds kdsds käs refvgs( Drlocdcoóh ng whd gcehekëd hgelofgvdl, twg rgvjwnocd d lds Rvoyd~ozdcoóh ng lds gkrvgsds rúflocds , idyevgcoghne d lds gkrvgsds oh~gvhdcoehdlgs ng sgvyocoes fäsoces, ceke glgc~vocondn ~glgiehëd( Swrvgsoóh ng les ngvgcmes sohnocdlgs ng les ~vdfdjdnevgs, idcolo~dhne les ngsrones kdsoyes( Gl 27 ng dfvol ng 4??6, noe gl dw~e`elrg, noselyoghne gl ceh`vgse g moze lldkdv `efogvhe ng gkgv`ghcod vgcehs~vwccoóh hdcoehdl, rece ngsrwïs, cehyecd d glgccoehgs rdvd wh Ceh`vgse Ngkecvä~oce Cehs~o~wgh~g -CCN/( Ld CCN gldfevó ld hwgyd cehs~o~wcoóh rvekwl`dnd, rvgyoe vgigvïhnwk -`dhó gl së ceh gl 76'/ gl 32 ng nocogkfvg ng 4??3 sg rvekwl`d , gh~vdhne gh yo`ghcod dl nëd so`wogh~g( 4Sg iwsoehó ld Eiocohd ng Dree Dlokgh~dvoe -EHDD/ gl Rve`vdkd ng Dree Novgc~e -RDN/ gh whd seld ohs~o~wcoóh nghekohdnd Rve`vdkd Hdcoehdl ng Dree Dlokgh~dvoe -RVEHDD/( Sg cvgd cvgdh h rve` rve`vd vdkd kdss seco secodl dlgs gs ng dre dree e ceke ceke:: gl RVEH RVEHDD DD,, gl RVEK RVEKWN WNGM GM,, IEHCENGS, OHIGS e~ves(
Rev ngcvg~e Lg Hº 67=9= sg cvgd gl Ohs~o~w~e Hdcoehdl ng Ngighsd ng ld Cekrg~ghcod ng ld Rve~gccoóh ng ld Rverogndn Oh~glgc~wdl -Ohngcero/( Rev ngcvg~e Lg Hº 67=?0 sg cvgd gl Sos~gkd Rvoydne ng Rghsoehgs fdsdne gh lds Dnkohos~vdnevds ng Iehnes Iehnes ng Rghsoehgs -DIR/, jwloe ng 4??3 Sg vgdlozd vgdlozd gl gl O] Cghse Hdcoehdl ng Refldcoóh gl OY Cghse ng gl 44 ng jwloe Yoyoghnd, ef~ghoïhnesg ld coivd coivd rvglokohdv ng 66 46= 46= >99 kollehgs ng mdfo~dh~gs( Sg vgdlozd vgigvïhnwk rdvd drvefdv hwgyd Cehs~o~wcoóh( Ye~dveh rev gl Së 3 =?7 093 rgvsehds -76,3'/ rev gl He 3 7>= 33> rgvsehds ->0,0'/( Sg cvgd OHNGCERO, SWHD^ ev`dhoskes vg`wldnevgs -ESOR^GL, SWHDSS, g~c(/
SG@WHNE @EFOGVHE NG DLFGV^E IWJOKEVO IWJOKEVO -4??7 – 6222/
Sg vgdlozdh vgdlozdh glgccoehg glgccoehgss rvgsonghc rvgsonghcodlgs odlgs(( Dlfgv~e Dlfgv~e Iwjokevo, Iwjokevo, cdhnond~e cdhnond~e ng C?2+HK C?2+HK ef~oghg gl 9>,>6' ng les ye~es( Sw ereso~ev, gl norlekä~oce Jdyogv Rïvgz ng Cwïlldv, ng Whoóh rev gl Rgvú, cehso`wg gl 64,=4' ng ld ye~dcoóh( Ceh nocmes vgswl~dnes Iwjokevo `dhd lds glgccoehgs gh rvokgvd ywgl~d ef~oghg kdevëd dfselw~d gh gl Ceh`vgse(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
62
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Iovkó gl dcwgvne ng rdz ngioho~oye ceh Gcwdnev “dc~d ng Fvdsolod‛ gl 69 ng ec~wfvg ng 4??=( Sg rvenwcg ld ~ekd ng ld Vgsonghcod ngl Gkfdjdnev ngl Jdróh ld cdr~wvd ng dl~es iwhcoe iwhcoehdv hdvoes oes rúfloc rúfloces es rgvse rgvsehdl hdlond ondngs ngs ceke ceke vgmghg vgmghgss rev rdv~g rdv~g ngl ngl KV^D(, KV^D(, twg ~gvkohdvä ceh ld oh~gvyghcoóh ng les cekdhnes ng “Cmdyëh ng Mwäh~dv‛( Sg dmehndh les rveflgkds ng cevvwrcoóh novo`ond rev gl dsgsev ng Oh~glo`ghcod Yldnokove Keh~gsohes ^evvgs( Ceh~vel cdso ~e~dl ng ld Rvghsd ld ^Y( -nodvoes cmocmd cmocmd twg okrwlsdh okrwlsdh whd cdkrdôd cdkrdôd ng Ceh~vel ngsrvgs~o`oe ngscvïno~e d les relë~oces ng eresocoóh/ d ~vdyïs ng rvecgses jwnocodlgs rvgsoóh ~vofw~dvod ceh ld SWHD^( Gl 4> ng sg~ogkfvg gl Ivgh~g Ohngrghnogh~g Kevdlozdnev noiwhng wh yonge gh ld twg gl dsgsev ngl Sgvyocoe ng Oh~glo`ghcod, Yldnokove Keh~gsohes ^evvgs, sefevhd rev ld swkd ng . 47 222 dl ceh`vgsos~d glgc~e Lwës Dlfgv~e Aewvo Fwkdcmdv d cdkfoe ng twg sg drdv~g ng ld d`vwrdcoóh Rgvú Resoflg, rev ld twg iwg glgc~e, sg rdsg d lds iolds ng ld Dlodhzd Glgc~evdl Rgvú 6222( Gl 6> ng sg~ogkfvg sg rvenwcg ld rvokgvd iw`d ng Yldnokove Keh~gsohes d ld cowndn ng Rdhdkä gh whd dyoehg~d ng rverogndn ng Noehosoe Vekgve Sgkohdvoe( Gl 6? ng ec~wfvg sg lgydh~d gh dvkds gl cekdhndh~g Elldh~d Mwkdld ^dsse, gh ld cowndn ng ^dchd, g}o`oghne ld vghwhcod ngl Rvgsongh~g Iwjokevo( Gl 42 ng heyogkfvg gl Rvgsongh~g ng ld Vgrúflocd cehyecd d glgccoehgs `ghgvdlgs rdvd gl = ng dfvol ngl 6 224( Sg cghswvd d ld Rvgsongh~d ngl Ceh`vgse Kdv~md Molngfvdh~ Rïvgz ^vgyoôe sg glo`g d Ydlgh~ëh Rdhod`wd Cevdzde ceke Rvgsongh~g ngl Ceh`vgse( heyogkfvg ngl 6222, 6222, gl Rvgsongh~g Dlfgv~e Dlfgv~e Iwjokevo ngsng Jdróh Jdróh -gh yoso~d he he Gl 4? ng heyogkfvg eiocodl/ dhwhcod sw vghwhcod dl cdv`e ng Rvgsongh~g ng ld Vgrúflocd( Gl nëd 64 ng heyogkfvg gl Ceh`vgse ng ld Vgrúflocd sg vgúhg he dcgr~dhne sw vghwhcod ydcd gl cdv`e ngl Rvgsongh~g ng ld Vgrúflocd rev ohcdrdcondn kevdl rgvkdhgh~g
VGSWKGH GL NGCGHOE -4??2 – 6222/ Yghcg d Kdvoe Ydv`ds Llesd -IVGNGKE/ Vgohsgvcoóh dl sos~gkd iohdhcogve: Cdv~d Oh~ghcoóh dl IKO( Smeca gcehókoce ng~wye morgvohildcoóh, cvgd gl Hwgye Sel( Gs~dne 7 dfvol 4??6: Cogvvd gl Dw~e`elrg ng Gs~dne Ceh`vgse( Oh~gh~e ng `elrg ng Gs~dne ng Jdokg Sdlohds Sgne( Cdr~wvd ng lëngvgs ~gvvevos~ds -Nohce~g: Ag~ëh Yondl/ Ceh`vgse Cehs~o~wgh~g Ngkecvä~oce -CCN/ Gldfevd rvekwl`d ld Cehs~o~wcoóh 4??3 Kengle gcehókoce hgelofgvdl -rvoyd~ozdnev: Kohos~ve Fele`hd/ Cvgd SWHD^: kgjevd ld vgcdwndcoóh ~vofw~dvod @wgvvd ngl Cghgrd: Gcwdnev -4??7/: Rdz ng O~dkdvd~ -Gcwdnev/
IWJOKEVD^ E -4??2 – 6222/ CDKFOE ?2 HWGYD KD_EVËD YDKES YGCOHE RGVÚ 6222
4gv @ef( -?2 – ?7/ Dlfgv~e Iwjokevo Iwjokevo
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
64
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
+Yghcg d Jdyogv Rïvgz ng Cwglldv -Whoóh rev gl Rgvú/ 6ne @ef( Dcwgvnes ng loko~gs iovkdnes: * Gcwdnev: Gcwdnev: -?7 – Dc~d ng Fvdsolod %* Cmolg: Dc~d ng gjgcwcoóh gjgcwcoóh 6222/ Cvosos ng vgmghgs Gkfdjdnd Jdróh: KV^D: Cgvrd Cdv~eloho -4??9/ Lg ng Oh~gvrvg~dcoóh dw~gh~ocd -Cdvles ^evvgs ^evvgs Ldvd/ Yghcg gh glgccoehgs 6222 -Ivdwng/ % Kdvcmd > Swes: ^elgne Gscähndle yonge: Aewvo + Keh~gsohes 3gv @ef( Keh~gsohes mwg d Rdhdkä -Jwl( – Hey( Yodjg rvgsonghcodl d DRGC -Fvwhgo/ 6222/ Iwjokevo vghwhcod ngsng Jdróh% Ngs~o~wone “ohcdrdcondn kevdl‛ Dswkg gl kdhnd~e: Ydlgh~ëh Rdhod`wd -Ceh`vgse Vgrúflocd/
EFVDS _ MGCMES NGL @EFOGVHE NG YDLGH^OH RDHOD@WD CEVDZDE “@efogvhe ng ~vdhsocoóh‛ -6222 + 6224/
Gs hekfvdne Rvgsongh~g Rveyosevoe rev gl Ceh`vgse( Gl nëd 66 ng heyogkfvg gl Nv( Ydlgh~ëh Rdhod`wd Cevdzde dswkg ld Rvgsonghcod ng ld Vgrúflocd mds~d gl 6= ng Jwloe ngl 6224, ghcdfgzdhne gl @efogvhe ng ^vdhsocoóh( Gh~vg`ó gl Dgverwgv~e Oh~gvhdcoehdl Jev`g Cmäygz gh cehcgsoóh rev 62 dôes d whd gkrvgsd dlgkdhd Sg rven rvenwj wje e gl ohco ohcong ngh~ h~g g gh~v gh~vg g gl Rvgs Rvgson ongh gh~g ~g Rdhod Rdhod`w `wd d ceh ceh gl cevvw cevvwr~ r~e e kdioe kdioese se rgvoenos~d Hoceläs Lúcdv, soghne ngsghkdscdvdne gs~g úl~oke dl oh~gh~dv noidkdvle g ohyelwcvdvle gh wh swrwgs~e hg`ecodne rev gl ~väioce ng dvkds( Sg cehievkd ld Cekosoóh ng ld Ygvndn Vgcehcolodcoóh Hdcoehdl, rdvd ohygs~o`dv gl cehiloc~e dvkdne oh~gvhe( Gl Ceh`vgse ng ld Vgrúflocd, gl jwgygs 62 ng nocogkfvg, drvwgfd ld lg twg dkhos~ëd dl Cekdhn Cekdhndh~ dh~g g Elldh~ Elldh~d d Mwkdld Mwkdld ^dsse d ~enes ~enes les ohswvvgc ohswvvgc~es ~es twg twg dred dredveh veh sg dnmovogveh d nocme lgydh~dkogh~e( Le`vó ld cdr~wvd ng Yldnokove Keh~gsohes gh Yghgzwgld Sg rvenwje gl ohcongh~g e okrdssg ceh Yghgzwgld twg ke~oyó ~ghsoehgs gh~vg les nes Gs~dnes Iovkó gl ceh~vd~e ng g}rle~dcoóh ngl `ds ng Cdkosgd -~dh res~gv`dne rev cdso 62 dôes/ Sg rvenwje gl vg~evhe ng Dldh @dvcëd Rïvgz dl Rgvú lwg`e ng cdso 42 dôes ng g}oloe Cehyecó d glgccoehgs rdvd gl dôe 6224(
EFVDS _ MGCMES NGL @EFOGVHE NG DLGJDHNVE ^ELGNE KDHVOTWG -6224 + 6229/
Gh lds hwgyds glgccoehgs ng 6224, `dhó gh ld sg`whnd ywgl~d ceh gl 73,2=' ivgh~g d >9,?6' ngl rdv~one drvos~d rgvwdhe( dswkg gl rengv gl 6= ng jwloe ngl 6224(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
66
m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Okrwlsó kgnonds hgelofgvdlgs, gh nehng lds gs~dnës~ocds kdcvegcehókocds ohnocdveh wh ses~ghone cvgcokogh~e gh ld gcehekëd rgvwdhd, dwhtwg he noskohwó kwcme ld refvgzd( Rvekeyoó lds ohygvsoehgs gh gl sgc~ev kohgve vgsrdlnó d lds cekrdôëds ohs~dldnds gh ld nïcdnd rdsdnd( Sg ohdw`wvó gl @dsgenwc~e ngl @ds ng Cdkosgd( Sg noó lds rve~gs~ds ng dh~o+rvoyd~ozdcoóh ng G@DSD _ G@GSWV gh Dvgtword( Ld cehs~vwccoóh ng yoyoghnds ceh les rve`vdkds &^gcme Rveroe& &Ko yoyoghnd&( Gl rve`vdkd &D ^vdfdjdv& rdvd ghivgh~dv gl ngsgkrlge( Gl &Rldh &Rldh Mwdscd Mwdscdväh väh&& rdvd rdvd kengv kengvhoz hozdv dv gl dccgse dccgse d ld ohievk ohievkdco dcoóh óh gh lds gscwg gscwglds lds kgnodh~g gl wse ng Oh~gvhg~( Sg ohocoó ld cehs~vwccoóh ng ld Cdvvg~gvd Oh~gvecgähocd Rgvú+Fvdsol ( Longvó gl rvegc~e ng Cekwhondn Swndkgvocdhd ng Hdcoehgs lldkdnd me Whoóh ng Hdcoehgs Hdcoehgs Swvdkgvoc Swvdkgvocdhds dhds -WHDSWV/ -WHDSWV/, cekwhondn relë~ocd gcehókocd oh~g`vd rev necg rdësgs ohngrghnogh~gs ng Swndkïvocd( Sg iwhnó gl = ng nocogkfvg ng 622>, gh gl ~gkrle ohcd ngl Cevocdhcmd, Cwsce, Rgvú( Gjgcwcoóh ngl Rvegc~e Lds Fdkfds gh Drwvëkdc( Rvekwl`dcoóh ng ld Lg ng Vg`dlëds Kohgvd( Ndcoóh ng ld Lg ngl Dv~os~d, ng vdnoenoiwsoóh ng ~glgyosoóh( Ceh gl Rldh ^elgvdhcod Cgve yoghg ndhne whd nwvd fd~dlld gh sw lwcmd ceh~vd ld swfygvsoóh, ld nglohcwghcod gl hdvce~väioce( Fwscó hwgyes kgvcdnes rdvd lds g}rev~dcoehgs d`veohnws~vodlgs ~g}~olgs, iovkdhne okrev~dh~gs dcwgvne cekgvcodlgs ceh Kgvceswv, ld Cekwhondn Dhnohd ^doldhnod( Gh gl 6223 sg gko~oó gl Ohievkg Iohdl ng ld CYV twg iojdfd gh 9?(6=2 les dsgsohdnes ngsdrdvgcones gh gsds nes nïcdnds d kdhes ng lds iwgvzds ng ld sg`wvondn ngl Gs~dne , sefvg ~ene, ng Sghngve Lwkohese, cehsongvdne gl rvohcordl yoeldnev ng les Ngvgcmes Mwkdhes ceh ngsghldcg ng kwgv~g( Gl 64 ng heyogkfvg ng 6223, ronoó rgvnóh gh hekfvg ngl Gs~dne d ~ends lds yëc~okds ng ld yoelghcod ~gvvevos~d, ~end ygz twg &ld g}clwsoóh secodl, ld idl~d ng rvgsghcod ngl Gs~dne gl dfdhnehe iwgveh gl cdlne ng cwl~oye ng ld ongele`ëd ngkghcodl ~gvvevos~d twg sg ghsdôó ceh les rgvwdhes käs refvgs&( Gl 3 ng heyogkfvg ngl 6227 rvekwl`ó ld Lg ng Lëhgds ng Fdsg ngl Nekohoe Kdvë~oke ngl Rgvú, twg gs~dflgcëd wh hwgye cvo~gvoe ng ngloko~dcoóh ng lds d`wds ~gvvo~evodlgs ngl Rdcëioce( Gs~e iwg ohkgnod~dkgh~g vgcmdzdne rev gl `efogvhe cmolghe( Okrlgkgh~dcoóh ngl rve`vdkd “Ko Fdvvoe‛( Gh~vg`ó gl Rvegc~e Gsrgcodl ng Ovvo`dcoóh Kdjgs + So`wds d ld Vg`oóh ng Dvgtword( Rev rvokgvd ygz gh gl Rgvú whd kwjgv dswkg ld Rvgsonghcod ngl Cehsgje ng Kohos~ves Fgd~voz Kgvohe Lwcgve( Yoso~d ngl kdhnd~dvoe hev~gdkgvocdhe @gev`g Fwsm dl Rgvú( Yoc~evod kwhocordl ng Lwës Cds~dôgnd Lessoe gh lokd kg~verelo~dhd, dl yghcgv dl Dlcdlng cdhnond~e d ld vgglgccoóh Dlfgv~e Dhnvdng Cdvkehd(
EFVDS _ MGCMES NGL SG@WHNE @EFOGVHE DLDH @DVCOD RGVGZ -6229 + 6244/
Yghcg gh sg`whnd ywgl~d d Elldh~d Mwkdld -Whoóh rev gl Rgvú/ fdje gl lgkd “ gl cdkfoe vgsrehsdflg‛(
Hïs~ev ROLCE CEH^VGVDS
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m~~r%%:mos~evodhgrsol(fle`sre~(cek
QMOS^EVOD NGL RGVÚ CEH^GKREVÄHGE [
Dsrgc~e
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